Fingerprint changes in coeliac disease

The permanence of friction ridge skin and persistence of friction ridge skin and impressions: A comprehensive review and new results

This study addresses the permanence and persistence of friction ridges and the persistence of impressions made from these friction ridges over months and years. Permanence is the unchanging presence and appearance of friction ridge arrangements and their attributes between recurring observations of the skin. Permanence was evaluated from direct photographs of fingers collected over a period of 30-45 days (covering one or more skin regeneration cycles) as well as after 8 or more years had elapsed. Persistence embodies the operational concept of whether or not a pair of images displays sufficient similarity upon which to base an informed decision that they were made by the same finger, while acknowledging certain dissimilarities or distortions due to friction ridge physiology, image capture, matrix, substrate, and applied pressure. Persistence applies to both friction ridge skin and impressions made from these friction ridges. Permanence and persistence of skin were assessed from direct photographs of fingers taken two months apart and from finger photographs separated by an interval of at least 8 years. Permanence and persistence were also assessed from impressions taken over 4 months, as well as those separated by 8-53 years. Variability due to capture method was assessed by using four image capture methods over a four month period: direct photography of fingers, impressions captured by ink, holographic imaging, and live scan. Qualified latent fingerprint examiners assessed all changes observed over time, as well as any limitations imposed by capture method. The practice of comparison and identification of fingerprint impressions was upheld, as was the prevailing use of the word persistence to describe stability of friction ridges. All photographs and impressions of the same finger were identifiable as originating from the same source. Within all the periods of observation, level 1 detail was permanent and persistent. Persistence, but not permanence, was supported for level 2 detail. Notably, the small changes observed were only in appearance; there were no changes in the presence of new, or absence of existing, minutiae. Level 3 details of ridge edge shape and pore presence were neither permanent nor persistent. Ridge width was permanent and persistent. Incipient ridges were neither permanent nor persistent.

Fingerprint detection and mapping using a phase shifted coherent gradient sensing technique

In this paper, a full field technique for mapping a latent fingerprint using a coherent gradient sensing (CGS) sensor is proposed. Collimated light from an He-Ne laser illuminates a specimen comprising a fingerprint implanted onto a reflecting surface. Reflected light from the specimen is analyzed using the CGS sensor comprising a pair of gratings. Reflected light carries information regarding the depth and orientation of furrows and ridges in the fingerprint. The topological information of the fingerprint is retrieved using four-step phase shifting interferometry. Well-defined 2D and 3D phase plots have been reconstructed to map the topography of the human fingerprint. The recorded slope data reconstructs the information regarding the separation and depth of the ridges in the latent fingerprint. The proposed technique is noninvasive and full field and does not require any kind of chemical or physical treatment. The sensor is very simple, yields interferometric sensitivity, and has the advantages of easy alignment, compactness, and low cost.

Fingerprint verification prediction model in hand dermatitis

BACKGROUND

Hand dermatitis associated fingerprint changes is a significant problem and affects fingerprint verification processes. This study was done to develop a clinically useful prediction model for fingerprint verification in patients with hand dermatitis.

METHODS

A case-control study involving 100 patients with hand dermatitis. All patients verified their thumbprints against their identity card. Registered fingerprints were randomized into a model derivation and model validation group. Predictive model was derived using multiple logistic regression. Validation was done using the goodness-of-fit test.

RESULTS

The fingerprint verification prediction model consists of a major criterion (fingerprint dystrophy area of ≥ 25%) and two minor criteria (long horizontal lines and long vertical lines). The presence of the major criterion predicts it will almost always fail verification, while presence of both minor criteria and presence of one minor criterion predict high and low risk of fingerprint verification failure, respectively. When none of the criteria are met, the fingerprint almost always passes the verification. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve was 0.937, and the goodness-of-fit test showed agreement between the observed and expected number (P = 0.26).

CONCLUSIONS

The derived fingerprint verification failure prediction model is validated and highly discriminatory in predicting risk of fingerprint verification in patients with hand dermatitis.

Dual-channel low-coherence interferometry and its application to quantitative phase imaging of fingerprints

We introduce an off-axis, wide-field, low-coherence and dual-channel interferometric imaging system, which is based on a simple-to-align, common-path interferometer. The system requires no optical-path-difference matching between the interferometric arms in order to obtain interference with low-coherence light source, and is capable of achieving two channels of off-axis interference with high spatial frequency. The two 180°-phase-shifted interferograms are acquired simultaneously using a single digital camera, and processed into a single, noise-reduced and DC-suppressed interferogram. We demonstrate using the proposed system for phase imaging of fingerprint templates. Due to the fact that conventional phase unwrapping algorithms cannot handle the complex and deep surface topography imposed by fingerprint templates, we experimentally implemented two-wavelength phase unwrapping using a supercontinuum laser coupled to acousto-optical tunable filter, together functioning as a low-coherence tunable light source. From the unwrapped phase map, we produced high quality depth profiles of fingerprint templates.

Dermatóglifos em crianças com constipação crônica

RACIONAL: Os dermatóglifos podem ser utilizados na avaliação da transmissão genética de determinadas doenças, sendo controversa na literatura a associação entre o padrão arco e constipação. OBJETIVO: Comparar os padrões de dermatóglifos de crianças com constipação crônica com os de crianças sem constipação e com o hábito intestinal e padrões de dermatóglifos de suas mães. MÉTODOS: Foram estudados três grupos de crianças com idade entre 2 e 12 anos e suas respectivas mães: 35 pacientes com constipação grave, 45 crianças com constipação leve e 51 crianças com hábito intestinal normal, que constituíram o grupo-controle. Preencheu-se ficha padronizada com informações gerais e do hábito intestinal das crianças e de suas mães. Obtiveram-se as impressões digitais das crianças e de suas mães, que foram classificadas em arco, presilha radial, presilha ulnar, verticilo e outros. RESULTADOS: A freqüência do padrão arco foi semelhante nos três grupos estudados: constipação grave (25,7%), constipação leve (28,9%) e controles (23,5%). Hábito intestinal compatível com constipação foi observado em 51,9% (68/131) das mães. Arco foi observado em 35,3% das mães com constipação e em 42,9% das com hábito intestinal normal. Foi observada concordância muito leve entre a ocorrência de constipação na criança e na mãe. CONCLUSÃO: Não se observou associação entre a presença de arco e constipação, tanto nas crianças como em suas mães, sendo muito leve a concordância entre a ocorrência de constipação na criança e em suas mães biológicas.

Further evidence for anomalies in the hand-prints of patients with schizophrenia: a study of secondary creases

Finger and palm prints from 46 ICD-9 schizophrenic patients and 43 age and sex matched normal controls were examined independently and blind to diagnosis, by four raters. Seven prints were judged to have very high densities of secondary creases. These abnormal prints were all from the schizophrenic group. Patients with high densities of creases were more severely ill, having had more than five admissions to hospital and higher doses of neuroleptic medication. There was a trend for such patients to have had a complicated obstetric history and an earlier onset of their illness.

Congenital absence of dermatoglyphs

Congenital absence or unusual patterns of human dermatoglyphs (fingerprints) occur in several syndromes that are rare and poorly understood. The abnormalities of dermatoglyphs fall into four categories: complete absence, ridge hypoplasia, ridge dissociation, and ridges-off-the-end. Complete congenital absence of ridges is an exceedingly rare syndrome that consists of neonatal blisters and milia, adult traumatic blistering and fissuring, absence of sweating, contracture of digits, and absence of dermatoglyphs on the hands and feet. The syndrome is inherited in an autosomal dominant pattern, and only two kindreds have been described in the literature. We describe a newly identified patient and kindred with findings similar to the previously reported cases and review the clinical and histopathologic findings of this syndrome.

Dermatoglyphics in dermatitis herpetiformis

In a dermatoglyphic study of 101 patients with dermatitis herpetiformis, comparison was made with their normal relatives and several random normal series. The results of the several comparisons are quite consistent, considering the nature of the data, for the all point to an attenuation of qualitative and quantitative digital and palmar traits in the patients. It is argued that these differences are associated with the disease itself, and that some of the female relatives have an inherited tendency to the disorder, but do not express it. The findings suggest the involvement of genetic factors in the aetiology, and possibly intrauterine environmental influences as well.

Dermatoglyphics of congenital abnormalities without chromosomal aberrations. A review of the clinical applications

This review outlines the dermatoglyphics of congenital abnormalities without chromosomal aberrations. When combined with other clinical features of a particular disease, dermatoglyphics can serve to strengthen a diagnostic impression and may be useful as a screening device to select individuals for additional diagnostic studies.

Dental defects associated with neonatal symptomatic hypocalcaemia

12 children who had had hypocalcaemic convulsions between the 5th and 10th day of life were followed for 2 to 5 years. All 12 children had serious abnormalities of enamel of the canine and molar teeth resulting in progressive destruction of these teeth.

Congenital malformations of human dermatoglyphs

A classification for congenital malformations of dermatoglyphs is presented, dividing them into ridge aplasia, ridge hypoplasia, ridge dissociation, ridges-off-the-end, and a combination of the last two. The medical and genetic significance of these are considered in the light both of previous published cases and of new material. Malformations of dermatoglyphs are important as physical signs in paediatric diagnosis.

Fingerprints in patients with coeliac disease and their relatives

The incidence of fingerprint pattern abnormality in 53 patients with coeliac disease and 82 of their relatives was not greater than that found in 58 control subjects. This finding contradicts an earlier report that most patients with coeliac disease had abnormal fingerprints.