1
|
Dubinsky M, Bleakman AP, Panaccione R, Hibi T, Schreiber S, Rubin D, Dignass A, Redondo I, Gibble TH, Kayhan C, Travis S. Bowel Urgency in Ulcerative Colitis: Current Perspectives and Future Directions. Am J Gastroenterol 2023; 118:1940-1953. [PMID: 37436151 PMCID: PMC10617668 DOI: 10.14309/ajg.0000000000002404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Revised: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/13/2023]
Abstract
Bowel urgency (BU), the sudden or immediate need for a bowel movement, is one of the most common and disruptive symptoms experienced by patients with ulcerative colitis (UC). Distinct from the separate symptom of increased stool frequency, BU has a substantial negative impact on quality of life and psychosocial functioning. Among patients with UC, BU is one of the top reasons for treatment dissatisfaction and one of the symptoms patients most want improved. Patients may not discuss BU often due to embarrassment, and healthcare providers may not address the symptom adequately due to the lack of awareness of validated tools and/or knowledge of the importance of assessing BU. The mechanism of BU in UC is multifactorial and includes inflammatory changes in the rectum that may be linked to hypersensitivity and reduced compliance of the rectum. Responsive and reliable patient-reported outcome measures of BU are needed to provide evidence of treatment benefits in clinical trials and facilitate communication in clinical practice. This review discusses the pathophysiology and clinical importance of BU in UC and its impact on the quality of life and psychosocial functioning. Patient-reported outcome measures developed to assess the severity of BU in UC are discussed alongside overviews of treatment options and clinical guidelines. Implications for the future management of UC from the perspective of BU are also explored.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marla Dubinsky
- Susan and Leonard Feinstein Inflammatory Bowel Disease Clinical Center, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Icahn School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | | | - Remo Panaccione
- Division of Gastroenterology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Toshifumi Hibi
- Center for Advanced IBD Research and Treatment, Kitasato Institute Hospital, Kitasato University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Stefan Schreiber
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
| | - David Rubin
- The University of Chicago Medicine Inflammatory Bowel Disease Center, University of Chicago Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Axel Dignass
- Department of Medicine I, Agaplesion Markus Hospital, Goethe University, Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | | | | | - Cem Kayhan
- Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Simon Travis
- Experimental Medicine Division, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Li D, Gao Y, Cui L, Li Y, Ling H, Tan X, Xu H. Integrative analysis revealed the role of glucagon-like peptide-2 in improving experimental colitis in mice by inhibiting inflammatory pathways, regulating glucose metabolism, and modulating gut microbiota. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1174308. [PMID: 37260689 PMCID: PMC10227514 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1174308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Ulcerative colitis (UC) is an inflammatory bowel disease characterized by recurrent and remitting inflammation of the mucosa of the colon and rectum, the incidence of which is on the rise. Glucagon-like peptide-2 (GLP-2) is a newly discovered neurotrophic factor, but its efficacy and mechanism of action in UC remain unclear. In this study, we investigated the protective effects and potential targets of GLP-2 on dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced UC in mice through integrative analysis. Methods The effects of GLP-2 on UC were assessed by calculating the disease activity index, colonic mucosal damage index, and pathological histological scores. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and immunohistochemistry were used to detect the expression of GLP-2, nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and signal transducer and activator of transcription-3 (STAT3). The 16SrRNA gene was used to detect changes in gut microbiota in mouse colonic tissues, and oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) blood glucose levels were used to analyze the differences in flora. Results The results showed that GLP-2 could reduce the inflammation of UC mice, which may be achieved by inhibiting the potential targets of NF-κB, and Janus kinase (JAK)/STAT3 inflammatory pathways, regulating sugar metabolism, increasing dominant species, and improving microbial diversity. Discussion This study provides new insight into the potential of GLP-2 for achieving more ideal UC treatment goals in future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dongyue Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Yanhong Gao
- Department of Gastroenterology, First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Lanrong Cui
- Department of Gastroenterology, First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Yang Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Hao Ling
- Department of Gastroenterology, First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Xin Tan
- Department of Gastroenterology, First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Hongyu Xu
- Department of Gastroenterology, First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Protective Effect of the Abelmoschus manihot Flower Extract on DSS-Induced Ulcerative Colitis in Mice. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2021; 2021:7422792. [PMID: 34408782 PMCID: PMC8367538 DOI: 10.1155/2021/7422792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2021] [Revised: 06/24/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Background The flower of Abelmoschus manihot (AM) has been widely used in the treatment of chronic inflammatory diseases, including ulcerative colitis. This paper aimed to confirm the therapeutic effect of AM on ulcerative colitis (UC) and explore its mechanism. Methods Mouse models were induced by 2.5% dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) and treated with AM. UC signs, symptoms, colon macroscopic lesion scores, and disease activity index (DAI) scores were observed. Colon levels of interleukin- (IL-) 6, IL-1β, IL-18, IL-17, tumor necrosis factor- (TNF-) α, and IL-10 were quantified by ELISA. The colon protein expression levels of NLRP3, ASC, caspase 1 p10, β-arrestin1, ZO-1, occludin-1, and claudin-1 were examined by immunohistochemistry and western blotting. The mRNA levels of IL-1β, IL-18, NLRP3, ASC, and caspase 1 p10 in the colon were determined by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). Results After treatment with AM, the mortality of mice, pathological damage to the colon, splenomegaly, and the spleen coefficient were decreased. AM reduced the levels of proinflammatory cytokines (IL-6, IL-1β, IL-18, IL-17, and TNF-α) and increased the level of IL-10. The mRNA expression levels of NLRP3, ASC, and caspase 1 in colon tissue were decreased by AM in a dose-dependent manner. In addition, AM also reduced the protein expression of NLRP3, ASC, caspase 1 p10, IL-1β, IL-18, and β-arrestin1 in the colon tissue of model mice. Western blot analysis confirmed that AM increased the expression of occludin-1, claudin-1, and ZO-1 in a dose-dependent manner. Conclusion This study shows that AM has a significant therapeutic effect on mice with UC, and the mechanism may be related to the inhibition of the β-arrestin1/NLRP3 inflammasome signaling pathway and the protection of intestinal barrier function.
Collapse
|
4
|
Colonic Epithelial PHLPP2 Deficiency Promotes Colonic Epithelial Pyroptosis by Activating the NF- κB Signaling Pathway. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2021; 2021:5570731. [PMID: 34394827 PMCID: PMC8363454 DOI: 10.1155/2021/5570731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2021] [Accepted: 07/17/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Background Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic inflammatory disease with increasing prevalence worldwide. Barrier defect in intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) is one of the main pathogeneses in UC. Pyroptosis is a programmed lytic cell death and is triggered by inflammatory caspases, while little is known about its role in UC. Methods Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified by comparing UC patients with healthy controls from the GEO datasets. The candidate genes involved in pyroptosis were obtained, and the underlying molecular mechanism in the progression of UC was explored in vivo and in vitro. Results Pleckstrin homology domain leucine-rich repeat protein phosphatase 2 (PHLPP2), a protein phosphatase, was downregulated and involved in regulating inflammation-induced IEC pyroptosis by modulating the NF-κB signaling in UC through bioinformatics analysis. Moreover, we demonstrated that PHLPP2 was downregulated in UC patients and UC mice. Besides, we found that PHLPP2 depletion activated the NF-κB signaling and increased the expressions of caspase-1 P20, Gasdermin N, IL-18, and IL-1β contributing to IEC pyroptosis and inflammation in UC mice. Furthermore, we found that PHLPP2−/− mice developed hypersensitivity to dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) treatment toward colitis showing activated NF-κB signaling and dramatically induced expressions of caspase-1 P20, Gasdermin N, IL-18, and IL-1β. Mechanically, this inflammation-induced downregulation of PHLPP2 was alleviated by an NF-κB signaling inhibitor in intestinal organoids of PHLPP2−/− mice and fetal colonic cells. Conclusions PHLPP2 downexpression activated the NF-κB signaling and promoted the IEC pyroptosis, leading to UC progression. Therefore, PHLPP2 might be an attractive candidate therapeutic target for UC.
Collapse
|
5
|
Efficacy of Plantago major seed in management of ulcerative colitis symptoms: A randomized, placebo controlled, clinical trial. Complement Ther Clin Pract 2021; 44:101444. [PMID: 34265576 DOI: 10.1016/j.ctcp.2021.101444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2021] [Revised: 06/13/2021] [Accepted: 07/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Evaluation of the effect of Plantago major (P. major) seed on ulcerative colitis (UC) symptoms. METHODS In this randomized double-blind clinical trial, 61 subjects received 3600 mg/day roasted P. major seed in intervention group (n = 31) and roasted wheat flour in control group (n = 30), for 8 weeks, as a complementary to standard medications. Variables were assessed using the Lichtiger Colitis Activity Index (LCAI) at baseline, week 4, and week 8. RESULTS 51 patients completed the trial (n = 28 in Plantago and n = 23 in placebo groups). Abdominal tenderness (p = 0.011), gastroesophageal reflux and gastric pain (p = 0.049 for both), were significantly less severe in P. major group. Visible blood in stool (p = 0.001), distension (p = 0.001), and anal pain (p = 0.051), decreased significantly in P. major group, although no significant difference was observed between the two groups: (p = 0.224), (p = 0.283), and (p = 0.455) respectively. CONCLUSION P. major seems to be effective in complementary management of UC.
Collapse
|
6
|
Kucharzik T, Koletzko S, Kannengiesser K, Dignass A. Ulcerative Colitis-Diagnostic and Therapeutic Algorithms. DEUTSCHES ARZTEBLATT INTERNATIONAL 2020; 117:564-574. [PMID: 33148393 DOI: 10.3238/arztebl.2020.0564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2020] [Revised: 03/05/2020] [Accepted: 07/25/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ulcerative colitis is a chronic inflammatory bowel disease with an estimated 150 000 patients in Germany alone. METHODS This review is based on publications about current diagnostic and therapeutic strategies for ulcerative colitis that were retrieved by a selective search in PubMed, and on current guidelines. RESULTS The primary goal of treatment is endoscopically confirmed healing of the mucosa. Mesalamine, in various forms of administration, remains the standard treatment for uncomplicated ulcerative colitis. Its superiority over placebo has been confirmed in meta-analyses of randomized, controlled trials. Glucocorticoids are highly effective in the acute treatment of ulcerative colitis, but they should only be used over the short term, because of their marked side effects. Further drugs are available to treat patients with a more complicated disease course of ulcerative colitis, including azathioprine, biological agents, JAK inhibitors (among them TNF antibodies, biosimilars, ustekinumab, vedolizumab, and tofacitinib), and calcineurin inhibitors. Proctocolectomy should be considered in refractory cases, or in the presence of high-grade epithelial dysplasia. Ulcerative colitis beginning in childhood or adolescence is often characterized by rapid progression and frequent comorbidities that make its treatment a special challenge. CONCLUSION A wide variety of drugs are now available for the treatment of ulcerative colitis, enabling the individualized choice of the best treatment for each patient. Regular surveillance colonoscopies to rule out colon carcinoma should be scheduled at intervals that depend on risk stratification.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Torsten Kucharzik
- Department of General Internal Medicine and Gastroenterology, University Teaching Hospital Lüneburg; Dr. von Hauner Children's Hospital, LMU Klinikum, University of Munich; Department of Pediatrics, Gastroenterology and Nutrition, School of Medicine Collegium Medicum University of Warmia and Mazury, Olsztyn, Poland; Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology, LMU Klinikum, University of Munich; Medical Clinic I, Agaplesion Markus Krankenhaus, Frankfurt/Main
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
7
|
Han Q, Tang HZ, Zou M, Zhao J, Wang L, Bian ZX, Li YH. Anti-inflammatory Efficacy of Combined Natural Alkaloid Berberine and S1PR Modulator Fingolimod at Low Doses in Ulcerative Colitis Preclinical Models. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2020; 83:1939-1949. [PMID: 32432470 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.0c00175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
The natural alkaloid berberine is being studied as a drug candidate for the treatment of ulcerative colitis (UC). Fingolimod is an immunomodulator approved for the treatment of multiple sclerosis. Whether fingolimod use can be extended to UC and how it interacts with berberine remain unclear. In the present study, the anti-inflammatory efficacies of berberine, fingolimod, and a combination of half-doses of them was examined in mice with dextran sulfate sodium-induced colitis. In mice with subchronic colitis, 14-day oral administration of fingolimod had greater efficacy than berberine in ameliorating the disease clinical severity and colon shortening. However, in mice with chronic colitis, 30-day oral administration of berberine was more effective than fingolimod except on splenic swelling. Notably, the combination of half-doses of each drug was equally effective as the superior single drugs for two models and resulted in reduced splenic swelling in the chronic colitis model. The inhibition of cytokine expression and STAT3 activation, as well as binding to the sphingosine 1-phosphate receptor by both drugs, contributed to the combination efficacy. Our findings suggest that fingolimod in combination with berberine at reduced doses represents a novel therapy for UC that attains satisfactory efficacy with reduced potentials for adverse effects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qian Han
- School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, China
| | - Hua-Zheng Tang
- School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, China
| | - Min Zou
- School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, China
| | - Jie Zhao
- School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, China
| | - Ling Wang
- School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, China
| | - Zhao-Xiang Bian
- Lab of Brain and Gut Research, Hong Kong Chinese Medicine Research Center, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yan-Hong Li
- School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, China
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota 55905, United States
| |
Collapse
|