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Peters MA, Cloete K, Odwe G, Tadele G, Hirschhorn LR, Magge H, Roder-DeWan S. Embedding implementation research to cross the quality of care chasm during the covid-19 pandemic and beyond. BMJ 2023; 383:e076331. [PMID: 38081643 PMCID: PMC10704412 DOI: 10.1136/bmj-2023-076331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Keith Cloete
- Western Cape Department of Health and Wellness, Cape Town, South Africa
| | | | | | | | - Hema Magge
- Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation, Seattle, USA
- Harvard University, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Division of Global Equity, Boston, USA
| | - Sanam Roder-DeWan
- World Bank Group, Washington DC, USA
- Dartmouth University, Hanover, USA
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Hughes TL, George M, Shah R, Dias BM, Dohrn JE, De Bortoli Cassiani SH. Nursing engagement in research priorities focused on health systems and services in Latin America countries. HUMAN RESOURCES FOR HEALTH 2022; 20:45. [PMID: 35606802 PMCID: PMC9125952 DOI: 10.1186/s12960-022-00746-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2022] [Accepted: 05/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A strong nursing research agenda in Latin America is fundamental to universal health coverage. Nursing science can make important contributions to the health of Latin American people through knowledge generation that directly informs nursing practice, professional education, and health policy. METHODS We used a cross-sectional survey design to assess nursing involvement in health systems and services research in Latin America in five priority areas: Policies and education related to nursing human resources; Structure, organization and dynamics of health systems and services; Science, technology, innovation, and information systems in public health; Health policies, governance, and social control; and Social studies in the health field. RESULTS Nursing and midwifery participants (N = 856) from Latin American countries completed the survey. Respondents who reported conducting research focused primarily on Policies and Education related to Nursing Human Resources and Structure, Organization, and Dynamics of Health Systems and Services. Across the five priority areas, more nurses reported using research findings and/or being aware of research than conducting research. CONCLUSIONS Survey results indicate that nursing research in Latin America is currently disproportionately focused on nursing education and practice. More research focused on information technology, nurse's impact on public health, and the threats posed by nurse migration is needed to better address health needs of Latin American populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tonda L. Hughes
- Columbia University School of Nursing, 560 168th Street, New York, NY 10032 United States of America
| | - Maureen George
- Columbia University School of Nursing, 560 168th Street, New York, NY 10032 United States of America
| | - Ruby Shah
- Columbia University School of Nursing, 560 168th Street, New York, NY 10032 United States of America
| | - Bruna Moreno Dias
- Pan American Health Organization, 525 23rd NW, Washington, DC 20037 United States of America
| | - Jennifer E. Dohrn
- Columbia University School of Nursing, 560 168th Street, New York, NY 10032 United States of America
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Marten R, Reveiz L, Aslanyan G, Perez F, Ghaffar A. La utilidad y el impacto de incorporar la investigación sobre implementación para mejorar la ejecución de los programas: perspectivas de América Latina y el Caribe. Rev Panam Salud Publica 2021; 45:e117. [PMID: 34484315 PMCID: PMC8407601 DOI: 10.26633/rpsp.2021.117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Robert Marten
- Alianza para la Investigación en Políticas y Sistemas de Salud, Organización Mundial de la Salud Ginebra Suiza Alianza para la Investigación en Políticas y Sistemas de Salud, Organización Mundial de la Salud, Ginebra, Suiza
| | - Ludovic Reveiz
- Organización Panamericana de la Salud Washington, DC Estados Unidos de América Organización Panamericana de la Salud, Washington, DC, Estados Unidos de América
| | - Garry Aslanyan
- Programa Especial de Investigación y Capacitación en Enfermedades Tropicales, Organización Mundial de la Salud Ginebra Suiza Programa Especial de Investigación y Capacitación en Enfermedades Tropicales, Organización Mundial de la Salud, Ginebra, Suiza
| | - Freddy Perez
- Organización Panamericana de la Salud Washington, DC Estados Unidos de América Organización Panamericana de la Salud, Washington, DC, Estados Unidos de América
| | - Abdul Ghaffar
- Alianza para la Investigación en Políticas y Sistemas de Salud, Organización Mundial de la Salud Ginebra Suiza Alianza para la Investigación en Políticas y Sistemas de Salud, Organización Mundial de la Salud, Ginebra, Suiza
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Edelman A, Marten R, Montenegro H, Sheikh K, Barkley S, Ghaffar A, Dalil S, Topp SM. Modified scoping review of the enablers and barriers to implementing primary health care in the COVID-19 context. Health Policy Plan 2021; 36:1163-1186. [PMID: 34185844 PMCID: PMC8344743 DOI: 10.1093/heapol/czab075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2020] [Revised: 04/13/2021] [Accepted: 06/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Since the Alma Ata Declaration of 1978, countries have varied in their progress towards establishing and sustaining comprehensive primary health care (PHC) and realizing its associated vision of 'Health for All'. International health emergencies such as the coronavirus-19 (COVID-19) pandemic underscore the importance of PHC in underpinning health equity, including via access to routine essential services and emergency responsiveness. This review synthesizes the current state of knowledge about PHC impacts, implementation enablers and barriers, and knowledge gaps across the three main PHC components as conceptualized in the 2018 Astana Framework. A scoping review design was adopted to summarize evidence from a diverse body of literature with a modification to accommodate four discrete phases of searching, screening and eligibility assessment: a database search in PubMed for PHC-related literature reviews and multi-country analyses (Phase 1); a website search for key global PHC synthesis reports (Phase 2); targeted searches for peer-reviewed literature relating to specific components of PHC (Phase 3) and searches for emerging insights relating to PHC in the COVID-19 context (Phase 4). Evidence from 96 included papers were analysed across deductive themes corresponding to the three main components of PHC. Findings affirm that investments in PHC improve equity and access, healthcare performance, accountability of health systems and health outcomes. Key enablers of PHC implementation include equity-informed financing models, health system and governance frameworks that differentiate multi-sectoral PHC from more discrete service-focussed primary care, and governance mechanisms that strengthen linkages between policymakers, civil society, non-governmental organizations, community-based organizations and private sector entities. Although knowledge about, and experience in, PHC implementation continues to grow, critical knowledge gaps are evident, particularly relating to country-level, context-specific governance, financing, workforce, accountability and service coordination mechanisms. An agenda to guide future country-specific PHC research is outlined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Edelman
- College of Public Health, Medical and Veterinary Sciences, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD, Australia
| | - Robert Marten
- Alliance for Health Policy and Systems Research, World Health Organization, Switzerland
| | - Hernán Montenegro
- Special Programme on Primary Health Care, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Kabir Sheikh
- Alliance for Health Policy and Systems Research, World Health Organization, Switzerland
| | - Shannon Barkley
- Special Programme on Primary Health Care, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Abdul Ghaffar
- Alliance for Health Policy and Systems Research, World Health Organization, Switzerland
| | - Suraya Dalil
- Special Programme on Primary Health Care, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Stephanie M Topp
- College of Public Health, Medical and Veterinary Sciences, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD, Australia
- Nossal Institute for Global Health, University of Melbourne, VIC, Australia
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Marten R, Reveiz L, Aslanyan G, Perez F, Ghaffar A. The value and impact of embedded implementation research: insights from Latin America and the Caribbean. Rev Panam Salud Publica 2021; 45:e110. [PMID: 34377144 PMCID: PMC8344383 DOI: 10.26633/rpsp.2021.110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Robert Marten
- Alliance for Health Policy and Systems Research, World Health Organization Geneva Switzerland Alliance for Health Policy and Systems Research, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Ludovic Reveiz
- Pan-American Health Organization Washington, DC United States of America Pan-American Health Organization, Washington, DC, United States of America
| | - Garry Aslanyan
- Special Programme for Research and Training in Tropical Diseases, World Health Organization Geneva Switzerland Special Programme for Research and Training in Tropical Diseases, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Freddy Perez
- Pan-American Health Organization Washington, DC United States of America Pan-American Health Organization, Washington, DC, United States of America
| | - Abdul Ghaffar
- Alliance for Health Policy and Systems Research, World Health Organization Geneva Switzerland Alliance for Health Policy and Systems Research, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland
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Penkunas MJ, Chong SY, Rhule ELM, Berdou E, Allotey P. Designing the next generation of implementation research training for learners in low- and middle-income countries. Global Health 2021; 17:63. [PMID: 34154605 PMCID: PMC8218436 DOI: 10.1186/s12992-021-00714-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2021] [Accepted: 06/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Efficacious health interventions tested through controlled trials often fail to show desired impacts when implemented at scale. These challenges can be particularly pervasive in low- and middle-income settings where health systems often lack the capacity and mechanisms required for high-quality research and evidence translation. Implementation research is a powerful tool for identifying and addressing the bottlenecks impeding the success of proven health interventions. Implementation research training initiatives, although growing in number, remain out of reach for many investigators in low- and middle-income settings, who possess the knowledge required to contextualize challenges and potential solutions in light of interacting community- and system-level features. We propose a realigned implementation research training model that centers on team-based learning, tailored didactic opportunities, learning-by-doing, and mentorship.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael J Penkunas
- United Nations University International Institute for Global Health (UNU-IIGH), UKM Medical Centre Jalan Yaacob Latif, Bandar Tun Razak, Cheras, 56000, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
| | - Shiau Yun Chong
- United Nations University International Institute for Global Health (UNU-IIGH), UKM Medical Centre Jalan Yaacob Latif, Bandar Tun Razak, Cheras, 56000, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Emma L M Rhule
- United Nations University International Institute for Global Health (UNU-IIGH), UKM Medical Centre Jalan Yaacob Latif, Bandar Tun Razak, Cheras, 56000, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | | | - Pascale Allotey
- United Nations University International Institute for Global Health (UNU-IIGH), UKM Medical Centre Jalan Yaacob Latif, Bandar Tun Razak, Cheras, 56000, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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Shekar M, Condo J, Pate MA, Nishtar S. Maternal and child undernutrition: progress hinges on supporting women and more implementation research. Lancet 2021; 397:1329-1331. [PMID: 33691093 DOI: 10.1016/s0140-6736(21)00577-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2021] [Accepted: 03/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Meera Shekar
- Health, Nutrition and Population Global Practice, World Bank Group, Washington, DC 20433, USA.
| | - Jeanine Condo
- School of Public Health, University of Rwanda, Kigali, Rwanda; School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LO, USA
| | - Muhammad Ali Pate
- Health, Nutrition and Population Global Practice, World Bank Group, Washington, DC 20433, USA
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