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Makrane H, Aziz M, Mekhfi H, Ziyyat A, Legssyer A, Melhaoui A, Berrabah M, Bnouham M, Alem C, Elombo FK, Gressier B, Desjeux JF, Eto B. Origanum majorana L. extract exhibit positive cooperative effects on the main mechanisms involved in acute infectious diarrhea. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2019; 239:111503. [PMID: 30217790 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2018.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2018] [Revised: 08/09/2018] [Accepted: 09/03/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Origanum majorana L. (Lamiaceae) is commonly used in Moroccan folk medicine to treat infantile colic, abdominal discomfort and diarrhea. Liquid stools and abdominal discomfort observed in acute infectious diarrhea are the consequences of imbalance between intestinal water secretion and absorption in the lumen, and relaxation of smooth muscle surrounding the intestinal mucosa. AIM OF THE STUDY The objective of our study was to see if aqueous extract of Origanum majorana L. (AEOM) may exhibit an effect on those deleterious mechanisms. MATERIALS AND METHODS The effect of AEOM on electrogenic Cl- secretion and Na+ absorption, the two main mechanisms underlying water movement in the intestine, was assessed on intestinal pieces of mice intestine mounted, in vitro, in Ussing chambers. AEOM effect on muscle relaxation was measured on rat intestinal smooth muscle mounted in an isotonic transducer. RESULTS 1) AEOM placed on the serosal (i.e. blood) side of the piece of jejunum entirely inhibited in a concentration-dependent manner the Forskolin-induced electrogenic chloride secretion, with an IC50 = 654 ± 8 µg/mL. 2) AEOM placed on the mucosal (i.e. luminal) side stimulated in a concentration-dependent manner an electrogenic Na+ absorption, with an IC50 = 476.9 ± 1 µg/mL. 3) AEOM (1 mg/mL) inhibition of Forskolin-induced electrogenic secretion was almost entirely prevented by prior exposure to Ca++ channels or neurotransmitters inhibitors. 4) AEOM (1 mg/mL) proabsorptive effect was greater in the ileum and progressively declined in the jejunum, distal colon and proximal colon (minimal). 5) AEOM inhibited in a concentration-dependent manner smooth muscle Carbachol or KCl induced contraction, with an IC50 = 1.64 ± 0.2 mg/mL or 1.92 ± 0.8 mg/mL, respectively. CONCLUSION the present results indicate that aqueous extract of Origanum majorana L. exhibit positive cooperative effects on the main mechanisms that are involved in acute infectious diarrhea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanane Makrane
- Laboratory of Physiology, Genetic and Ethnopharmacology, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed The First University, PB. 717, 60000 Oujda, Morocco
| | - Mohammed Aziz
- Laboratory of Physiology, Genetic and Ethnopharmacology, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed The First University, PB. 717, 60000 Oujda, Morocco
| | - Hassane Mekhfi
- Laboratory of Physiology, Genetic and Ethnopharmacology, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed The First University, PB. 717, 60000 Oujda, Morocco
| | - Abderrahim Ziyyat
- Laboratory of Physiology, Genetic and Ethnopharmacology, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed The First University, PB. 717, 60000 Oujda, Morocco
| | - Abdelkhaleq Legssyer
- Laboratory of Physiology, Genetic and Ethnopharmacology, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed The First University, PB. 717, 60000 Oujda, Morocco
| | - Ahmed Melhaoui
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Macromolecular and Natural Products, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed The First University, PB. 717, 60000 Oujda, Morocco
| | - Mohamed Berrabah
- Laboratory of Chemistry, Mineral and Analytical Solid, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed The First University, PB. 717, 60000 Oujda, Morocco
| | - Mohamed Bnouham
- Laboratory of Physiology, Genetic and Ethnopharmacology, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed The First University, PB. 717, 60000 Oujda, Morocco
| | - Chakib Alem
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences & Techniques, Errachidia, Morocco
| | - Ferdinand Kouoh Elombo
- Laboratoires TBC, Faculty of Pharmaceutical and Biological Sciences, Lille, France; Laboratory of Pharmacology, Pharmacokinetics, and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical and Biological Sciences, Lille, France
| | - Bernard Gressier
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Pharmacokinetics, and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical and Biological Sciences, Lille, France
| | | | - Bruno Eto
- Laboratoires TBC, Faculty of Pharmaceutical and Biological Sciences, Lille, France.
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Abstract
Diarrhea in infants and children is a major health hazard worldwide. Certain toxigenic diarrheas occur more commonly and are manifested more severely during the neonatal period. We have previously studied the regulation of cholera toxin-induced secretion in animal models during development. In those studies we have shown that cholera toxin stimulates a much greater secretion by immature compared with mature small intestine, and the mechanism appears to be an up-regulation of postreceptor signal transduction molecules (adenyl cyclase and Gsalpha) leading to an elevated cAMP level. In this study, using experimental models of human intestinal development (fetal cell lines, a micro-Ussing chamber, organ cultures, and fetal intestinal xenograft transplants), we provide preliminary evidence that cholera toxin induces an enhanced secretion mediated in part by a developmental up-regulation of the cAMP response in immature versus mature human small intestine. Additional studies are needed, however, to further define whether other developmental events (e.g. receptor expression) also regulate cholera toxin-enterocyte-enhanced interaction. Nonetheless, this approach to determining the role of development in the pathophysiology of cholera in infants may help in strategies to prevent and treat this condition and other age-related intestinal infectious diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Lu
- Combined Program in Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Harvard Medical School, Director, Developmental Gastroenterology Laboratory, Massachusetts General Hospital, 114 16th Street (114-3503), Charlestown, MA 02129-4404, U.S.A
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Battu S, Clement G, Heyman M, Wal JM, Cook-Moreau J, Desjeux JF, Beneytout JL. Production of arachidonic acid metabolites by the colon adenocarcinoma cell line HT29 cl.19A and their effect on chloride secretion. Cancer Lett 1997; 116:213-23. [PMID: 9215866 DOI: 10.1016/s0304-3835(97)00176-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Eicosanoids were found in large amounts in the colonic mucosa of patients suffering from inflammatory bowel diseases and colonic adenocarcinoma. The aim of this study was to evaluate the role of the intestinal epithelial cells in the arachidonic acid metabolism and their functional response to certain eicosanoids. We used the human adenocarcinoma epithelial cell line HT29 cl.19A cell, which is an in vitro model of colon carcinoma and ion transport. These cells were found to express 5- and 15-lipoxygenase, leukotriene A4 hydrolase and cyclooxygenase-1 and -2 mRNAs. We observed an arachidonic acid metabolism via 5-lipoxygenase pathway despite the lack of FLAP mRNA expression and that certain eicosanoids such as hydroperoxy- and hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acids stimulate chloride secretion.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Battu
- ERS-CNRS No. 6101, Facultés de Médecine et de Pharmacie, Limoges, France
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