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Liam-Or R, Faruqu FN, Walters A, Han S, Xu L, Wang JTW, Oberlaender J, Sanchez-Fueyo A, Lombardi G, Dazzi F, Mailaender V, Al-Jamal KT. Cellular uptake and in vivo distribution of mesenchymal-stem-cell-derived extracellular vesicles are protein corona dependent. NATURE NANOTECHNOLOGY 2024:10.1038/s41565-023-01585-y. [PMID: 38366223 DOI: 10.1038/s41565-023-01585-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2024]
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) derived from mesenchymal stem cells are promising nanotherapeutics in liver diseases due to their regenerative and immunomodulatory properties. Nevertheless, a concern has been raised regarding the rapid clearance of exogenous EVs by phagocytic cells. Here we explore the impact of protein corona on EVs derived from two culturing conditions in which specific proteins acquired from media were simultaneously adsorbed on the EV surface. Additionally, by incubating EVs with serum, simulating protein corona formation upon systemic delivery, further resolved protein corona-EV complex patterns were investigated. Our findings reveal the potential influences of corona composition on EVs under in vitro conditions and their in vivo kinetics. Our data suggest that bound albumin creates an EV signature that can retarget EVs from hepatic macrophages. This results in markedly improved cellular uptake by hepatocytes, liver sinusoidal endothelial cells and hepatic stellate cells. This phenomenon can be applied as a camouflage strategy by precoating EVs with albumin to fabricate the albumin-enriched protein corona-EV complex, enhancing non-phagocytic uptake in the liver. This work addresses a critical challenge facing intravenously administered EVs for liver therapy by tailoring the protein corona-EV complex for liver cell targeting and immune evasion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Revadee Liam-Or
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Farid N Faruqu
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine, King's College London, London, UK
- Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Adam Walters
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Shunping Han
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Lizhou Xu
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Julie Tzu-Wen Wang
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Jennifer Oberlaender
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Mainz, Germany
- Department of Dermatology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Alberto Sanchez-Fueyo
- Institute of Liver Studies, King's College London University and King's College Hospital, London, UK
| | - Giovanna Lombardi
- Peter Gorer Department of Immunobiology, School of Immunology and Microbial Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Francesco Dazzi
- Comprehensive Cancer Centre, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Volker Mailaender
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Mainz, Germany
- Department of Dermatology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Khuloud T Al-Jamal
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine, King's College London, London, UK.
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2
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Cuadra B, Silva V, Huang YL, Diaz Y, Rivas C, Molina C, Simon V, Bono MR, Morales B, Rosemblatt M, Silva S, Acuña R, Ezquer F, Ezquer M. The Immunoregulatory and Regenerative Potential of Activated Human Stem Cell Secretome Mitigates Acute-on-Chronic Liver Failure in a Rat Model. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:2073. [PMID: 38396750 PMCID: PMC10889754 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25042073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Revised: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF) is a syndrome marked by sudden liver function decline and multiorgan failure, predominantly acute kidney injury (AKY), in patients with chronic liver disease. Unregulated inflammation is a hallmark of ACLF; however, the key drivers of ACLF are not fully understood. This study explores the therapeutic properties of human mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) secretome, particularly focusing on its enhanced anti-inflammatory and pro-regenerative properties after the in vitro preconditioning of the cells. We evaluated the efficacy of the systemic administration of MSC secretome in preventing liver failure and AKI in a rat ACLF model where chronic liver disease was induced using by the administration of porcine serum, followed by D-galN/LPS administration to induce acute failure. After ACLF induction, animals were treated with saline (ACLF group) or MSC-derived secretome (ACLF-secretome group). The study revealed that MSC-secretome administration strongly reduced liver histological damage in the ACLF group, which was correlated with higher hepatocyte proliferation, increased hepatic and systemic anti-inflammatory molecule levels, and reduced neutrophil and macrophage infiltration. Additionally, renal examination revealed that MSC-secretome treatment mitigated tubular injuries, reduced apoptosis, and downregulated injury markers. These improvements were linked to increased survival rates in the ACLF-secretome group, endorsing MSC secretomes as a promising therapy for multiorgan failure in ACLF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Cuadra
- Centro de Medicina Regenerativa, Facultad de Medicina, Clínica Alemana-Universidad del Desarrollo, Av. La Plaza 680, Las Condes, Santiago 7610658, Chile; (B.C.); (V.S.); (Y.-L.H.); (S.S.); (R.A.); (F.E.)
| | - Veronica Silva
- Centro de Medicina Regenerativa, Facultad de Medicina, Clínica Alemana-Universidad del Desarrollo, Av. La Plaza 680, Las Condes, Santiago 7610658, Chile; (B.C.); (V.S.); (Y.-L.H.); (S.S.); (R.A.); (F.E.)
| | - Ya-Lin Huang
- Centro de Medicina Regenerativa, Facultad de Medicina, Clínica Alemana-Universidad del Desarrollo, Av. La Plaza 680, Las Condes, Santiago 7610658, Chile; (B.C.); (V.S.); (Y.-L.H.); (S.S.); (R.A.); (F.E.)
| | - Yael Diaz
- Departamento de Biotecnología, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Matemáticas y del Medio Ambiente, Universidad Tecnológica Metropolitana, Las Palmeras 3360, Ñuñoa, Santiago 7800003, Chile; (Y.D.); (C.R.); (C.M.)
| | - Claudio Rivas
- Departamento de Biotecnología, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Matemáticas y del Medio Ambiente, Universidad Tecnológica Metropolitana, Las Palmeras 3360, Ñuñoa, Santiago 7800003, Chile; (Y.D.); (C.R.); (C.M.)
| | - Cristobal Molina
- Departamento de Biotecnología, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Matemáticas y del Medio Ambiente, Universidad Tecnológica Metropolitana, Las Palmeras 3360, Ñuñoa, Santiago 7800003, Chile; (Y.D.); (C.R.); (C.M.)
| | - Valeska Simon
- Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad del Chile, Las Encinas 3370, Ñuñoa, Santiago 7800020, Chile; (V.S.); (M.R.B.)
| | - Maria Rosa Bono
- Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad del Chile, Las Encinas 3370, Ñuñoa, Santiago 7800020, Chile; (V.S.); (M.R.B.)
| | - Bernardo Morales
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad del Alba, Atrys Chile, Guardia Vieja 339, Providencia, Santiago 7510249, Chile;
| | - Mario Rosemblatt
- Centro de Ciencia & Vida, Av. Del Valle Norte 725, Huechuraba, Santiago 8580702, Chile;
| | - Sebastian Silva
- Centro de Medicina Regenerativa, Facultad de Medicina, Clínica Alemana-Universidad del Desarrollo, Av. La Plaza 680, Las Condes, Santiago 7610658, Chile; (B.C.); (V.S.); (Y.-L.H.); (S.S.); (R.A.); (F.E.)
| | - Rodrigo Acuña
- Centro de Medicina Regenerativa, Facultad de Medicina, Clínica Alemana-Universidad del Desarrollo, Av. La Plaza 680, Las Condes, Santiago 7610658, Chile; (B.C.); (V.S.); (Y.-L.H.); (S.S.); (R.A.); (F.E.)
| | - Fernando Ezquer
- Centro de Medicina Regenerativa, Facultad de Medicina, Clínica Alemana-Universidad del Desarrollo, Av. La Plaza 680, Las Condes, Santiago 7610658, Chile; (B.C.); (V.S.); (Y.-L.H.); (S.S.); (R.A.); (F.E.)
| | - Marcelo Ezquer
- Centro de Medicina Regenerativa, Facultad de Medicina, Clínica Alemana-Universidad del Desarrollo, Av. La Plaza 680, Las Condes, Santiago 7610658, Chile; (B.C.); (V.S.); (Y.-L.H.); (S.S.); (R.A.); (F.E.)
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3
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Miron RJ, Estrin NE, Sculean A, Zhang Y. Understanding exosomes: Part 2-Emerging leaders in regenerative medicine. Periodontol 2000 2024; 94:257-414. [PMID: 38591622 DOI: 10.1111/prd.12561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2024] [Revised: 02/16/2024] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024]
Abstract
Exosomes are the smallest subset of extracellular signaling vesicles secreted by most cells with the ability to communicate with other tissues and cell types over long distances. Their use in regenerative medicine has gained tremendous momentum recently due to their ability to be utilized as therapeutic options for a wide array of diseases/conditions. Over 5000 publications are currently being published yearly on this topic, and this number is only expected to dramatically increase as novel therapeutic strategies continue to be developed. Today exosomes have been applied in numerous contexts including neurodegenerative disorders (Alzheimer's disease, central nervous system, depression, multiple sclerosis, Parkinson's disease, post-traumatic stress disorders, traumatic brain injury, peripheral nerve injury), damaged organs (heart, kidney, liver, stroke, myocardial infarctions, myocardial infarctions, ovaries), degenerative processes (atherosclerosis, diabetes, hematology disorders, musculoskeletal degeneration, osteoradionecrosis, respiratory disease), infectious diseases (COVID-19, hepatitis), regenerative procedures (antiaging, bone regeneration, cartilage/joint regeneration, osteoarthritis, cutaneous wounds, dental regeneration, dermatology/skin regeneration, erectile dysfunction, hair regrowth, intervertebral disc repair, spinal cord injury, vascular regeneration), and cancer therapy (breast, colorectal, gastric cancer and osteosarcomas), immune function (allergy, autoimmune disorders, immune regulation, inflammatory diseases, lupus, rheumatoid arthritis). This scoping review is a first of its kind aimed at summarizing the extensive regenerative potential of exosomes over a broad range of diseases and disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard J Miron
- Department of Periodontology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Nathan E Estrin
- Advanced PRF Education, Venice, Florida, USA
- School of Dental Medicine, Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine, Bradenton, Florida, USA
| | - Anton Sculean
- Department of Periodontology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Yufeng Zhang
- Department of Oral Implantology, University of Wuhan, Wuhan, China
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4
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Kao YH, Chang CY, Lin YC, Chen PH, Lee PH, Chang HR, Chang WY, Chang YC, Wun SF, Sun CK. Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Exosomes Mitigate Acute Murine Liver Injury via Ets-1 and Heme Oxygenase-1 Up-regulation. Curr Stem Cell Res Ther 2024; 19:906-918. [PMID: 37723631 DOI: 10.2174/1574888x19666230918102826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Revised: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/20/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs)-derived exosomes have been previously demonstrated to promote tissue regeneration in various animal disease models. This study investigated the protective effect of exosome treatment in carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-induced acute liver injury and delineated possible underlying mechanism. METHODS Exosomes collected from conditioned media of previously characterized human umbilical cord-derived MSCs were intravenously administered into male CD-1 mice with CCl4-induced acute liver injury. Biochemical, histological and molecular parameters were used to evaluate the severity of liver injury. A rat hepatocyte cell line, Clone-9, was used to validate the molecular changes by exosome treatment. RESULTS Exosome treatment significantly suppressed plasma levels of AST, ALT, and pro-inflammatory cytokines, including IL-6 and TNF-α, in the mice with CCl4-induced acute liver injury. Histological morphometry revealed a significant reduction in the necropoptic area in the injured livers following exosome therapy. Consistently, western blot analysis indicated marked elevations in hepatic expression of PCNA, c-Met, Ets-1, and HO-1 proteins after exosome treatment. Besides, the phosphorylation level of signaling mediator JNK was significantly increased, and that of p38 was restored by exosome therapy. Immunohistochemistry double staining confirmed nuclear Ets-1 expression and cytoplasmic localization of c-Met and HO-1 proteins. In vitro studies demonstrated that exosome treatment increased the proliferation of Clone-9 hepatocytes and protected them from CCl4-induced cytotoxicity. Kinase inhibition experiment indicated that the exosome-driven hepatoprotection might be mediated through the JNK pathway. CONCLUSION Exosome therapy activates the JNK signaling activation pathway as well as up-regulates Ets-1 and HO-1 expression, thereby protecting hepatocytes against hepatotoxin-induced cell death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying-Hsien Kao
- Department of Medical Research, E-Da Hospital, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, 82445, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Yang Chang
- Division of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, E-Da Hospital, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, 82445, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, 82445, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chun Lin
- Department of Surgery, E-Da Hospital, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, 52445, Taiwan
| | - Po-Han Chen
- Department of Medical Research, E-Da Hospital, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, 82445, Taiwan
| | - Po-Huang Lee
- Department of Surgery, E-Da Hospital, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, 52445, Taiwan
- Committee for Integration and Promotion of Advanced Medicine and Biotechnology, E-Da Healthcare Group, Kaohsiung, 82445, Taiwan
| | - Huoy-Rou Chang
- Departments of Biomedical Engineering, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, 82445, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Yu Chang
- Department of Dermatology, EDa Cancer Hospital, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, 82445, Taiwan
- The School of Medicine for International Students, College of Medicine, IShou University, Kaohsiung, 82445, Taiwan
| | - Yo-Chen Chang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, 80708, Taiwan
| | - Shen-Fa Wun
- Departments of Biomedical Engineering, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, 82445, Taiwan
| | - Cheuk-Kwan Sun
- Department of Medical Research, E-Da Hospital, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, 82445, Taiwan
- The School of Medicine for International Students, College of Medicine, IShou University, Kaohsiung, 82445, Taiwan
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5
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Olcar HN, Isildar B, Ozkan S, Ercin M, Gezginci-Oktayoglu S, Koyuturk M. Investigation of conditioned medium properties obtained from human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem/stromal cells preconditioned with dimethyloxalylglycine in a correlation with ultrastructural changes. Microsc Res Tech 2024; 87:159-171. [PMID: 37728208 DOI: 10.1002/jemt.24420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Revised: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/21/2023]
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) hold significant therapeutic value due to their regeneration abilities, migration capacity, and immunosuppressive and immunomodulatory properties. These cells secrete soluble and insoluble factors, and this complex secretome contributes to their therapeutic effect. Furthermore, stimulation of cells by various external stimuli lead to secretome modifications that can increase the therapeutic efficacy. So, this study examined the effect of dimethyloxalylglycine (DMOG), a hypoxia-mimetic agent, on secretome profiles and exosome secretions of MSCs by evaluating conditioned medium (CM) and ultrastructural morphologies of the cells in comparison with unpreconditioned MSCs. The appropriate dose and duration of the use of DMOG were determined as 1000 μM and 24 h by evaluating the HIF-1α expression. DMOG-CM and N-CM were collected from MSCs incubated in serum-free medium with/without DMOG for 24 h, respectively. The content analysis of conditioned mediums (CMs) revealed that VEGF, NGF, and IL-4 levels were increased in DMOG-CM. Subsequently, exosomes were isolated from the CMs and were shown by transmission electron microscopy and Western blot analysis in both groups. The effects of CMs on proliferation and migration were determined by in vitro wound healing tests; both CMs increased the fibroblast's migratory and proliferative capacities. According to the ultrastructural evaluation, autophagosome, autolysosome, myelin figure, and microvesicular body structures were abundant in DMOG-preconditioned MSCs. Consistent with the high number of autophagic vacuoles, Beclin-1 expression was increased in those cells. These findings suggested that DMOG could alter MSCs' secretion profile, modify their ultrastructural morphology accordingly, and make the CM a more potent therapeutic tool. RESEARCH HIGHLIGHTS: Preconditioning mesenchymal stem/stromal cells with dimethyloxalylglycine, a hypoxia-mimetic agent, could modify cellular metabolism. Hypoxic mechanisms lead to alterations in the ultrastructural characteristics of mesenchymal stromal/stem cells. Preconditioning with dimethyloxalylglycine leads to ultrastructural and metabolic changes of mesenchymal stromal/stem cells along with modifications in their secretome profiles. Preconditioning of mesenchymal stromal/stem cells could render them a more potent therapeutic tool.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanife Nurdan Olcar
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Basak Isildar
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Serbay Ozkan
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Merve Ercin
- Department of Biology, Molecular Biology Section, Faculty of Science, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Selda Gezginci-Oktayoglu
- Department of Biology, Molecular Biology Section, Faculty of Science, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Meral Koyuturk
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey
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Hisanaga M, Tsuchiya T, Watanabe H, Shimoyama K, Iwatake M, Tanoue Y, Maruyama K, Yukawa H, Sato K, Kato Y, Matsumoto K, Miyazaki T, Doi R, Tomoshige K, Nagayasu T. Adipose-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells Attenuate Immune Reactions Against Pig Decellularized Bronchi Engrafted into Rat Tracheal Defects. Organogenesis 2023; 19:2212582. [PMID: 37183703 DOI: 10.1080/15476278.2023.2212582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Decellularized scaffolds are promising biomaterials for tissue and organ reconstruction; however, strategies to effectively suppress the host immune responses toward these implants, particularly those without chemical crosslinking, remain warranted. Administration of mesenchymal stem cells is effective against immune-mediated inflammatory disorders. Herein, we investigated the effect of isogeneic abdominal adipose-derived mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (ADMSCs) on xenogeneic biomaterial-induced immunoreactions. Peripheral bronchi from pigs, decellularized using a detergent enzymatic method, were engrafted onto tracheal defects of Brown Norway (BN) rats. BN rats were implanted with native pig bronchi (Xenograft group), decellularized pig bronchi (Decellularized Xenograft), or Decellularized Xenograft and ADMSCs (Decellularized Xenograft+ADMSC group). In the latter group, ADMSCs were injected intravenously immediately post implantation. Harvested graft implants were assessed histologically and immunohistochemically. We found that acute rejections were milder in the Decellularized Xenograft and Decellularized Xenograft+ADMSC groups than in the Xenograft group. Mild inflammatory cell infiltration and reduced collagen deposition were observed in the Decellularized Xenograft+ADMSC group. Additionally, ADMSC administration decreased CD8+ lymphocyte counts but increased CD163+ cell counts. In the Decellularized Xenograft+ADMSC group, serum levels of vascular endothelial growth factor and IL-10 were elevated and tissue deposition of IgM and IgG was low. The significant immunosuppressive effects of ADMSCs illustrate their potential use as immunosuppressive agents for xenogeneic biomaterial-based implants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Makoto Hisanaga
- Department of Surgery, Division of Surgical Oncology, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Tomoshi Tsuchiya
- Department of Surgery, Division of Surgical Oncology, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Academic Assembly, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
| | - Hironosuke Watanabe
- Department of Surgery, Division of Surgical Oncology, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Koichiro Shimoyama
- Department of Surgery, Division of Surgical Oncology, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Mayumi Iwatake
- Department of Surgery, Division of Surgical Oncology, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Yukinori Tanoue
- Department of Surgery, Division of Surgical Oncology, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Keizaburo Maruyama
- Department of Surgery, Division of Surgical Oncology, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Yukawa
- Institute of Nano-Life-Systems, Institutes of Innovation for Future Society, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
- Institute of Quantum Life Science, Quantum Life and Medical Siceince Directorate, National Institure for Quantum Science and Technology, Chiba, Japan
| | - Kazuhide Sato
- Institute of Nano-Life-Systems, Institutes of Innovation for Future Society, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Yoshimi Kato
- Institute of Nano-Life-Systems, Institutes of Innovation for Future Society, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Keitaro Matsumoto
- Department of Surgery, Division of Surgical Oncology, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan
- Medical-Engineering Hybrid Professional Development Center, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Takuro Miyazaki
- Department of Surgery, Division of Surgical Oncology, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Ryoichiro Doi
- Department of Surgery, Division of Surgical Oncology, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Koichi Tomoshige
- Department of Surgery, Division of Surgical Oncology, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Takeshi Nagayasu
- Department of Surgery, Division of Surgical Oncology, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan
- Medical-Engineering Hybrid Professional Development Center, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan
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7
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Psaraki A, Zagoura D, Ntari L, Makridakis M, Nikokiraki C, Trohatou O, Georgila K, Karakostas C, Angelioudaki I, Kriebardis AG, Gramignioli R, Sakellariou S, Xilouri M, Eliopoulos AG, Vlahou A, Roubelakis MG. MFGE-8 identified in fetal mesenchymal-stromal-cell-derived exosomes ameliorates acute hepatic failure pathology. iScience 2023; 26:108100. [PMID: 37915594 PMCID: PMC10616317 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.108100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Revised: 08/03/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Liver transplantation is the gold-standard therapy for acute hepatic failure (AHF) with limitations related to organ shortage and life-long immunosuppressive therapy. Cell therapy emerges as a promising alternative to transplantation. We have previously shown that IL-10 and Annexin-A1 released by amniotic fluid human mesenchymal stromal cells (AF-MSCs) and their hepatocyte progenitor-like (HPL) or hepatocyte-like (HPL) cells induce liver repair and downregulate systemic inflammation in a CCl4-AHF mouse model. Herein, we demonstrate that exosomes (EXO) derived from these cells improve liver phenotype in CCl4-induced mice and promote oval cell proliferation. LC-MS/MS proteomic analysis identified MEFG-8 in EXO cargo that facilitates rescue of AHF by suppressing PI3K signaling. Administration of recombinant MFGE-8 protein also reduced liver damage in CCl4-induced mice. Clinically, MEFG-8 expression was decreased in liver biopsies from AHF patients. Collectively, our study provides proof-of-concept for an innovative, cell-free, less immunogenic, and non-toxic alternative strategy for AHF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriana Psaraki
- Laboratory of Biology, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens (NKUA), Athens, Greece
- Cell and Gene Therapy Laboratory, Centre of Basic Research, Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens (BRFAA), Athens, Greece
| | - Dimitra Zagoura
- Laboratory of Biology, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens (NKUA), Athens, Greece
| | - Lydia Ntari
- Laboratory of Biology, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens (NKUA), Athens, Greece
| | - Manousos Makridakis
- Biotechnology Laboratory, Centre of Basic Research, Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens (BRFAA), Athens, Greece
| | - Christina Nikokiraki
- Laboratory of Biology, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens (NKUA), Athens, Greece
- Cell and Gene Therapy Laboratory, Centre of Basic Research, Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens (BRFAA), Athens, Greece
| | - Ourania Trohatou
- Laboratory of Biology, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens (NKUA), Athens, Greece
| | - Konstantina Georgila
- Laboratory of Biology, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens (NKUA), Athens, Greece
| | - Christos Karakostas
- Laboratory of Biology, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens (NKUA), Athens, Greece
| | - Ioanna Angelioudaki
- Laboratory of Biology, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens (NKUA), Athens, Greece
| | - Anastasios G. Kriebardis
- Laboratory of Reliability and Quality Control in Laboratory Hematology (HemQcR), Department of Biomedical Sciences, Section of Medical Laboratories, School of Health & Caring Sciences, University of West Attica (UniWA), Ag. Spyridonos Str, 12243 Egaleo, Greece
| | - Roberto Gramignioli
- Clinical Pathology and Cancer Diagnosis Unit, Karolinska Institute, 141 57 Huddinge, Sweden
- Experimental Cancer Medicine, Institution for Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institute, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Stratigoula Sakellariou
- First Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens (NKUA), Athens, Greece
| | - Maria Xilouri
- Center of Clinical Research, Experimental Surgery and Translational Research, Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens (BRFAA), Athens, Greece
| | - Aristides G. Eliopoulos
- Laboratory of Biology, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens (NKUA), Athens, Greece
| | - Antonia Vlahou
- Biotechnology Laboratory, Centre of Basic Research, Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens (BRFAA), Athens, Greece
| | - Maria G. Roubelakis
- Laboratory of Biology, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens (NKUA), Athens, Greece
- Cell and Gene Therapy Laboratory, Centre of Basic Research, Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens (BRFAA), Athens, Greece
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8
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Mazzoni E, Iaquinta MR, Mosaico M, De Pace R, D'Agostino A, Tognon M, Martini F. Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Innovative Scaffolds for Bone Tissue Engineering Applications. TISSUE ENGINEERING. PART B, REVIEWS 2023; 29:514-531. [PMID: 37212264 DOI: 10.1089/ten.teb.2022.0217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Stem cell-based therapy is a significant topic in regenerative medicine, with a predominant role being played by human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs). The hMSCs have been shown to be suitable in regenerative medicine for the treatment of bone tissue. In the last few years, the average lifespan of our population has gradually increased. The need of biocompatible materials, which exhibit high performances, such as efficiency in bone regeneration, has been highlighted by aging. Current studies emphasize the benefit of using biomimetic biomaterials, also known as scaffolds, for bone grafts to speed up bone repair at the fracture site. For the healing of injured bone and bone regeneration, regenerative medicine techniques utilizing a combination of these biomaterials, together with cells and bioactive substances, have drawn a great interest. Cell therapy, based on the use of hMSCs, alongside materials for the healing of damaged bone, has obtained promising results. In this work, several aspects of cell biology, tissue engineering, and biomaterials applied to bone healing/regrowth will be considered. In addition, the role of hMSCs in these fields and recent progress in clinical applications are discussed. Impact Statement The restoration of large bone defects is both a challenging clinical issue and a socioeconomic problem on a global scale. Different therapeutic approaches have been proposed for human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs), considering their paracrine effect and potential differentiation into osteoblasts. However, different limitations are still to be overcome in using hMSCs as a therapeutic opportunity in bone fracture repair, including hMSC administration methods. To identify a suitable hMSC delivery system, new strategies have been proposed using innovative biomaterials. This review provides an update of the literature on hMSC/scaffold clinical applications for the management of bone fractures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Mazzoni
- Department of Chemical, Pharmaceutical and Agricultural Sciences, and University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Maria Rosa Iaquinta
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
- Dentistry and Maxillo-Facial Surgery Unit, Department of Surgery, Dentistry, Paediatrics and Gynaecology, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Maria Mosaico
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Raffaella De Pace
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Antonio D'Agostino
- Dentistry and Maxillo-Facial Surgery Unit, Department of Surgery, Dentistry, Paediatrics and Gynaecology, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Mauro Tognon
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Fernanda Martini
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
- Laboratory for Technologies of Advanced Therapies, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
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9
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Chen L, Zhang N, Huang Y, Zhang Q, Fang Y, Fu J, Yuan Y, Chen L, Chen X, Xu Z, Li Y, Izawa H, Xiang C. Multiple Dimensions of using Mesenchymal Stem Cells for Treating Liver Diseases: From Bench to Beside. Stem Cell Rev Rep 2023; 19:2192-2224. [PMID: 37498509 DOI: 10.1007/s12015-023-10583-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/28/2023]
Abstract
Liver diseases impose a huge burden worldwide. Although hepatocyte transplantation has long been considered as a potential strategy for treating liver diseases, its clinical implementation has created some obvious limitations. As an alternative strategy, cell therapy, particularly mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) transplantation, is widely used in treating different liver diseases, including acute liver disease, acute-on-chronic liver failure, hepatitis B/C virus, autoimmune hepatitis, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, nonalcoholic steatohepatitis, alcoholic liver disease, liver fibrosis, liver cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma. Here, we summarize the status of MSC transplantation in treating liver diseases, focusing on the therapeutic mechanisms, including differentiation into hepatocyte-like cells, immunomodulating function with a variety of immune cells, paracrine effects via the secretion of various cytokines and extracellular vesicles, and facilitation of homing and engraftment. Some improved perspectives and current challenges are also addressed. In summary, MSCs have great potential in the treatment of liver diseases based on their multi-faceted characteristics, and more accurate mechanisms and novel therapeutic strategies stemming from MSCs will facilitate clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijun Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310003, People's Republic of China
- Research Units of Infectious Disease and Microecology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310003, People's Republic of China
| | - Ning Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310003, People's Republic of China
- Research Units of Infectious Disease and Microecology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310003, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuqi Huang
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310003, People's Republic of China
- Research Units of Infectious Disease and Microecology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310003, People's Republic of China
| | - Qi Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310003, People's Republic of China
- Research Units of Infectious Disease and Microecology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310003, People's Republic of China
| | - Yangxin Fang
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310003, People's Republic of China
- Research Units of Infectious Disease and Microecology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310003, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiamin Fu
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310003, People's Republic of China
- Research Units of Infectious Disease and Microecology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310003, People's Republic of China
| | - Yin Yuan
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310003, People's Republic of China
- Research Units of Infectious Disease and Microecology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310003, People's Republic of China
| | - Lu Chen
- Innovative Precision Medicine (IPM) Group, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311215, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Chen
- Department of Hematology, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310027, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhenyu Xu
- Innovative Precision Medicine (IPM) Group, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311215, People's Republic of China
| | - Yifei Li
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310003, People's Republic of China
- Research Units of Infectious Disease and Microecology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310003, People's Republic of China
| | - Hiromi Izawa
- Jingugaien Woman Life Clinic, Jingu-Gaien 3-39-5 2F, Shibuya-Ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Charlie Xiang
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310003, People's Republic of China.
- Research Units of Infectious Disease and Microecology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310003, People's Republic of China.
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10
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Wang YH, Chen EQ. Mesenchymal Stem Cell Therapy in Acute Liver Failure. Gut Liver 2023; 17:674-683. [PMID: 36843422 PMCID: PMC10502502 DOI: 10.5009/gnl220417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2022] [Revised: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 02/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Acute liver failure (ALF) is a severe liver disease syndrome with rapid deterioration and high mortality. Liver transplantation is the most effective treatment, but the lack of donor livers and the high cost of transplantation limit its broad application. In recent years, there has been no breakthrough in the treatment of ALF, and the application of stem cells in the treatment of ALF is a crucial research field. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are widely used in disease treatment research due to their abundant sources, low immunogenicity, and no ethical restrictions. Although MSCs are effective for treating ALF, the application of MSCs to ALF needs to be further studied and optimized. In this review, we discuss the potential mechanisms of MSCs therapy for ALF, summarize some methods to enhance the efficacy of MSCs, and explore optimal approaches for MSC transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Hong Wang
- Center of Infectious Diseases, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - En-Qiang Chen
- Center of Infectious Diseases, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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11
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Yang H, Chen J, Li J. Isolation, culture, and delivery considerations for the use of mesenchymal stem cells in potential therapies for acute liver failure. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1243220. [PMID: 37744328 PMCID: PMC10513107 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1243220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Acute liver failure (ALF) is a high-mortality syndrome for which liver transplantation is considered the only effective treatment option. A shortage of donor organs, high costs and surgical complications associated with immune rejection constrain the therapeutic effects of liver transplantation. Recently, mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) therapy was recognized as an alternative strategy for liver transplantation. Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) have been used in clinical trials of several liver diseases due to their ease of acquisition, strong proliferation ability, multipotent differentiation, homing to the lesion site, low immunogenicity and anti-inflammatory and antifibrotic effects. In this review, we comprehensively summarized the harvest and culture expansion strategies for BMSCs, the development of animal models of ALF of different aetiologies, the critical mechanisms of BMSC therapy for ALF and the challenge of clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Jun Li
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
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12
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Sitbon A, Delmotte PR, Goumard C, Turco C, Gautheron J, Conti F, Aoudjehane L, Scatton O, Monsel A. Therapeutic potentials of mesenchymal stromal cells-derived extracellular vesicles in liver failure and marginal liver graft rehabilitation: a scoping review. Minerva Anestesiol 2023; 89:690-706. [PMID: 37079286 DOI: 10.23736/s0375-9393.23.17265-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/21/2023]
Abstract
Liver failure includes distinct subgroups of diseases: Acute liver failure (ALF) without preexisting cirrhosis, acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF) (severe form of cirrhosis associated with organ failures and excess mortality), and liver fibrosis (LF). Inflammation plays a key role in ALF, LF, and more specifically in ACLF for which we have currently no treatment other than liver transplantation (LT). The increasing incidence of marginal liver grafts and the shortage of liver grafts require us to consider strategies to increase the quantity and quality of available liver grafts. Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) have shown beneficial pleiotropic properties with limited translational potential due to the pitfalls associated with their cellular nature. MSC-derived extracellular vesicles (MSC-EVs) are innovative cell-free therapeutics for immunomodulation and regenerative purposes. MSC-EVs encompass further advantages: pleiotropic effects, low immunogenicity, storage stability, good safety profile, and possibility of bioengineering. Currently, no human studies explored the impact of MSC-EVs on liver disease, but several preclinical studies highlighted their beneficial effects. In ALF and ACLF, data showed that MSC-EVs attenuate hepatic stellate cells activation, exert antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-apoptosis, anti-ferroptosis properties, and promote regeneration of the liver, autophagy, and improve metabolism through mitochondrial function recovery. In LF, MSC-EVs demonstrated anti-fibrotic properties associated with liver tissue regeneration. Normothermic-machine perfusion (NMP) combined with MSC-EVs represents an attractive therapy to improve liver regeneration before LT. Our review suggests a growing interest in MSC-EVs in liver failure and gives an appealing insight into their development to rehabilitate marginal liver grafts through NMP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandre Sitbon
- Multidisciplinary Intensive Care Unit, Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, La Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (APHP), Sorbonne University, Paris, France -
- UMRS-938, Research Center of Saint-Antoine (CRSA), Sorbonne University, Paris, France -
| | - Pierre-Romain Delmotte
- Multidisciplinary Intensive Care Unit, Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, La Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (APHP), Sorbonne University, Paris, France
| | - Claire Goumard
- UMRS-938, Research Center of Saint-Antoine (CRSA), Sorbonne University, Paris, France
- Department of Digestive, Hepatobiliary Surgery and Liver Transplantation, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (APHP), Sorbonne University, Paris, France
| | - Célia Turco
- UMRS-938, Research Center of Saint-Antoine (CRSA), Sorbonne University, Paris, France
- Liver Transplantation Unit, Department of Digestive and Oncologic Surgery, University Hospital of Besançon, Besançon, France
| | - Jérémie Gautheron
- UMRS-938, Research Center of Saint-Antoine (CRSA), Sorbonne University, Paris, France
| | - Filomena Conti
- UMRS-938, Research Center of Saint-Antoine (CRSA), Sorbonne University, Paris, France
- Department of Digestive, Hepatobiliary Surgery and Liver Transplantation, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (APHP), Sorbonne University, Paris, France
- IHU-Innovation of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition (ICAN), INSERM, Sorbonne University, Paris, France
| | - Lynda Aoudjehane
- UMRS-938, Research Center of Saint-Antoine (CRSA), Sorbonne University, Paris, France
- IHU-Innovation of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition (ICAN), INSERM, Sorbonne University, Paris, France
| | - Olivier Scatton
- UMRS-938, Research Center of Saint-Antoine (CRSA), Sorbonne University, Paris, France
- Department of Digestive, Hepatobiliary Surgery and Liver Transplantation, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (APHP), Sorbonne University, Paris, France
| | - Antoine Monsel
- Multidisciplinary Intensive Care Unit, Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, La Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (APHP), Sorbonne University, Paris, France
- INSERM UMRS-959 Immunology-Immunopathology-Immunotherapy (I3), Sorbonne University, Paris, France
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13
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Zhu Y, Wang T, Bao MJ, Qu XH, Li ZM. Effect of stem cell conditional medium-loading adhesive hydrogel on TGF-β1-induced endometrial stromal cell fibrosis. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2023; 11:1168136. [PMID: 37214295 PMCID: PMC10192850 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2023.1168136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Uterine adhesion (IUA) is a severe complication that results from uterine operations or uterine infections. Hysteroscopy is considered the gold standard for the diagnosis and treatment of uterine adhesions. Yet, this invasive procedure leads to re-adhesions after hysteroscopic treatment. Hydrogels loading functional additives (e.g., placental mesenchymal stem cells (PC-MSCs)) that can act as physical barriers and promote endometrium regeneration are a good solution. However, traditional hydrogels lack tissue adhesion which makes them unstable under a rapid turnover of the uterus, and PC-MSCs have biosafety risks when used as functional additives. Methods: In this study, we coupled an adhesive hydrogel with a PC-MSCs conditioned medium (CM) to form a hybrid of gel and functional additives (CM/Gel-MA). Results and Discussion: Our experiments show that CM/Gel-MA enhances the activity of endometrial stromal cells (ESCs), promotes cell proliferation, and reduces the expression of α-SMA, collagen I, CTGF, E-cadherin, and IL-6, which helps to reduce the inflammatory response and inhibit fibrosis. We conclude that CM/Gel-MA can more potentially prevent IUA by combining the physical barriers from adhesive hydrogel and functional promotion from CM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Zhu
- JXHC Key Laboratory of Fertility Preservation, Jiangxi Provincial Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
- Department of Reproductive Health, Jiangxi Provincial Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Ting Wang
- Department of Reproductive Health, Jiangxi Provincial Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Ming-Jie Bao
- Department of Reproductive Health, Jiangxi Provincial Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Xiao-Hui Qu
- Pathology Department, Jiangxi Provincial Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Zeng-Ming Li
- JXHC Key Laboratory of Fertility Preservation, Jiangxi Provincial Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
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Joshi JM, Muttigi MS, Upadhya R, Seetharam RN. An overview of the current advances in the treatment of inflammatory diseases using mesenchymal stromal cell secretome. Immunopharmacol Immunotoxicol 2023:1-11. [PMID: 36786742 DOI: 10.1080/08923973.2023.2180388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/15/2023]
Abstract
The growing interest in mesenchymal stromal cell (MSC) therapy has been leading to the utilization of its therapeutic properties in a variety of inflammatory diseases. The clinical translation of the related research from bench to bedside is cumbersome due to some obvious limitations of cell therapy. It is evident from the literature that the MSC secretome components mediate their wide range of functions. Cell-free therapy using MSC secretome is being considered as an emerging and promising area of biotherapeutics. The secretome mainly consists of bioactive factors, free nucleic acids, and extracellular vesicles. Constituents of the secretome are greatly influenced by the cell's microenvironment. The broad array of immunomodulatory properties of MSCs are now being employed to target inflammatory diseases. This review focuses on the emerging MSC secretome therapies for various inflammatory diseases. The mechanism of action of the various anti-inflammatory factors is discussed. The potential of MSC secretome as a viable anti-inflammatory therapy is deliberated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jahnavy Madhukar Joshi
- Manipal Center for Biotherapeutics Research, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India
| | - Manjunatha S Muttigi
- Manipal Center for Biotherapeutics Research, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India
| | - Raghavendra Upadhya
- Manipal Center for Biotherapeutics Research, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India
| | - Raviraja N Seetharam
- Manipal Center for Biotherapeutics Research, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India
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15
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Secretome of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell maintains skin homeostasis by regulating multiple skin physiological function. Cell Tissue Res 2023; 391:111-125. [PMID: 36241740 DOI: 10.1007/s00441-022-03697-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2022] [Accepted: 10/05/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Skin is the largest organ in the body and the first defense to resist various diseases and external stimuli that easily cause infection and inflammation. Aseptic inflammation, barrier damage, and foreign aid pressure induce the destruction and damage to the skin microenvironment. Subsequently, it destroys the skin's physiological function, leading to the maintenance and circulation of steady-state imbalance and aggravating the process of skin disorders. Our study evaluated the therapeutic potential of the secretome of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (UC-CM) for dermatological diseases in adult human skin cells, ex vivo skin tissue, and a 3D skin model. Our data suggested several advantages of UC-CM due to (1) their low cytotoxicity and sensitization properties; (2) their anti-inflammatory capacity for treating inflammatory chronic cutaneous diseases; (3) their enhanced capacity of the skin barrier for treating abnormal barrier metabolism; and (4) their positive impact on restoring skin homeostasis due to effective regulation ability of skin physiological function including cell apoptosis, detoxification, and anti-aging. We thus envisage that the possibility of harnessing the therapeutic potential of UC-CM might benefit patients suffering from inflammatory skin disorders such as atopic dermatitis, acne, and psoriasis.
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Isildar B, Ozkan S, Ercin M, Gezginci-Oktayoglu S, Oncul M, Koyuturk M. 2D and 3D cultured human umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cell-conditioned medium has a dual effect in type 1 diabetes model in rats: immunomodulation and beta-cell regeneration. Inflamm Regen 2022; 42:55. [PMID: 36451229 PMCID: PMC9710085 DOI: 10.1186/s41232-022-00241-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is a T-cell-mediated autoimmune disease characterized by the irreversible destruction of insulin-producing β-cells in pancreatic islets. Helper and cytotoxic T-cells and cytokine production, which is impaired by this process, take a synergetic role in β-cell destruction, and hyperglycemia develops due to insulin deficiency in the body. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) appear like an excellent therapeutic tool for autoimmune diseases with pluripotent, regenerative, and immunosuppressive properties. Paracrine factors released from MSCs play a role in immunomodulation by increasing angiogenesis and proliferation and suppressing apoptosis. In this context, the study aims to investigate the therapeutic effects of MSC's secretomes by conditioned medium (CM) obtained from human umbilical cord-derived MSCs cultured in 2-dimensional (2D) and 3-dimensional (3D) environments in the T1D model. METHODS First, MSCs were isolated from the human umbilical cord, and the cells were characterized. Then, two different CMs were prepared by culturing MSCs in 2D and 3D environments. The CM contents were analyzed in terms of total protein, IL-4, IL-10, IL-17, and IFN-λ. In vivo studies were performed in Sprague-Dawley-type rats with an autoimmune T1D model, and twelve doses of CM were administered intraperitoneally for 4 weeks within the framework of a particular treatment model. In order to evaluate immunomodulation, the Treg population was determined in lymphocytes isolated from the spleen after sacrification, and IL-4, IL-10, IL-17, and IFN-λ cytokines were analyzed in serum. Finally, β-cell regeneration was evaluated immunohistochemically by labeling Pdx1, Nkx6.1, and insulin markers, which are critical for the formation of β-cells. RESULTS Total protein and IL-4 levels were higher in 3D-CM compared to 2D-CM. In vivo results showed that CMs induce the Treg population and regulate cytokine release. When the immunohistochemical results were evaluated together, it was determined that CM application significantly increased the rate of β-cells in the islets. This increase was at the highest level in the 3D-CM applied group. CONCLUSION The dual therapeutic effect of MSC-CM on immunomodulation and homeostasis/regeneration of β-cells in the T1D model has been demonstrated. Furthermore, this effect could be improved by using 3D scaffolds for culturing MSCs while preparing CM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Basak Isildar
- grid.506076.20000 0004 1797 5496Department of Histology and Embryology, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Serbay Ozkan
- grid.506076.20000 0004 1797 5496Department of Histology and Embryology, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Merve Ercin
- grid.9601.e0000 0001 2166 6619Department of Biology, Molecular Biology Section, Faculty of Science, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Selda Gezginci-Oktayoglu
- grid.9601.e0000 0001 2166 6619Department of Biology, Molecular Biology Section, Faculty of Science, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Mahmut Oncul
- grid.506076.20000 0004 1797 5496Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University- Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Meral Koyuturk
- grid.506076.20000 0004 1797 5496Department of Histology and Embryology, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey
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Nomura M, George J, Hashizume C, Saito T, Ueda Y, Ishigaki Y, Tsuchishima M, Tsutsumi M. Surgical implantation of human adipose derived stem cells attenuates experimentally induced hepatic fibrosis in rats. Mol Med 2022; 28:143. [PMID: 36447136 PMCID: PMC9706981 DOI: 10.1186/s10020-022-00566-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are multipotent stromal cells and could exert hepatoprotective effects against acute liver injury, steatohepatitis, and fibrogenesis. Here, we evaluated the effects of human adipose derived stem cells (hADSCs) to attenuate experimentally induced hepatic fibrosis and early cirrhosis in rats. METHODS Hepatic fibrosis was induced by intraperitoneal injections of CCl4 (0.1 ml/100 g body weight) twice a week for 8 weeks. hADSCs were isolated and cultured on polyethylene discs coated with hydroxyapatite and 2 cm diameter disc was surgically implanted on the right lateral lobe of the liver. Discs implanted without hADSCs served as control. The animals were injected again with CCl4 once a week for another 8 weeks. All the animals were sacrificed at the end of 16th week. RESULTS Serial administrations of CCl4 resulted in well developed fibrosis and early cirrhosis at 8th week which maintained until the 16th week. Animals treated with hADSC discs depicted over 50% decrease of collagen with significant increase in serum albumin and total protein levels. Immunohistochemical staining for TGF-β1, α-smooth muscle actin, and collagen type I and type III demonstrated marked decrease compared to the animals without hADSC treatment. CONCLUSIONS Treatment with hADSCs improved liver functions, markedly reduced hepatic fibrosis and early cirrhosis. Various pleiotropic and paracrine factors secreted from the hADSCs seem to serve as reparative functions in the attenuation of liver cirrhosis. The data demonstrated that treatment with hADSCs can be successfully used as a potent therapeutic method to prevent progression of hepatic fibrosis and related adverse events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masateru Nomura
- grid.411998.c0000 0001 0265 5359Department of Hepatology, Kanazawa Medical University, Uchinada, Ishikawa 920-0293 Japan
| | - Joseph George
- grid.411998.c0000 0001 0265 5359Department of Hepatology, Kanazawa Medical University, Uchinada, Ishikawa 920-0293 Japan ,grid.510345.60000 0004 6004 9914Center for Regenerative Medicine, Kanazawa Medical University Hospital, Uchinada, Ishikawa 920-0293 Japan
| | - Chieko Hashizume
- grid.411998.c0000 0001 0265 5359Department of Hepatology, Kanazawa Medical University, Uchinada, Ishikawa 920-0293 Japan
| | - Takashi Saito
- grid.411998.c0000 0001 0265 5359Department of Hepatology, Kanazawa Medical University, Uchinada, Ishikawa 920-0293 Japan
| | - Yoshimichi Ueda
- grid.411998.c0000 0001 0265 5359Department of Pathology II, Kanazawa Medical University, Uchinada, Ishikawa 920-0293 Japan
| | - Yasuhito Ishigaki
- grid.510345.60000 0004 6004 9914Center for Regenerative Medicine, Kanazawa Medical University Hospital, Uchinada, Ishikawa 920-0293 Japan ,grid.411998.c0000 0001 0265 5359Medical Research Institute, Kanazawa Medical University, Uchinada, Ishikawa 920-0293 Japan
| | - Mutsumi Tsuchishima
- grid.411998.c0000 0001 0265 5359Department of Hepatology, Kanazawa Medical University, Uchinada, Ishikawa 920-0293 Japan
| | - Mikihiro Tsutsumi
- grid.411998.c0000 0001 0265 5359Department of Hepatology, Kanazawa Medical University, Uchinada, Ishikawa 920-0293 Japan ,grid.510345.60000 0004 6004 9914Center for Regenerative Medicine, Kanazawa Medical University Hospital, Uchinada, Ishikawa 920-0293 Japan
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Pozzobon M, D’Agostino S, Roubelakis MG, Cargnoni A, Gramignoli R, Wolbank S, Gindraux F, Bollini S, Kerdjoudj H, Fenelon M, Di Pietro R, Basile M, Borutinskaitė V, Piva R, Schoeberlein A, Eissner G, Giebel B, Ponsaerts P. General consensus on multimodal functions and validation analysis of perinatal derivatives for regenerative medicine applications. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:961987. [PMID: 36263355 PMCID: PMC9574482 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.961987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2022] [Accepted: 07/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Perinatal tissues, such as placenta and umbilical cord contain a variety of somatic stem cell types, spanning from the largely used hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells to the most recently described broadly multipotent epithelial and stromal cells. As perinatal derivatives (PnD), several of these cell types and related products provide an interesting regenerative potential for a variety of diseases. Within COST SPRINT Action, we continue our review series, revising and summarizing the modalities of action and proposed medical approaches using PnD products: cells, secretome, extracellular vesicles, and decellularized tissues. Focusing on the brain, bone, skeletal muscle, heart, intestinal, liver, and lung pathologies, we discuss the importance of potency testing in validating PnD therapeutics, and critically evaluate the concept of PnD application in the field of tissue regeneration. Hereby we aim to shed light on the actual therapeutic properties of PnD, with an open eye for future clinical application. This review is part of a quadrinomial series on functional/potency assays for validation of PnD, spanning biological functions, such as immunomodulation, anti-microbial/anti-cancer, anti-inflammation, wound healing, angiogenesis, and regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michela Pozzobon
- Department of Women’s and Children’s Health, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
- *Correspondence: Michela Pozzobon, , ; Peter Ponsaerts,
| | - Stefania D’Agostino
- Department of Women’s and Children’s Health, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Maria G. Roubelakis
- Laboratory of Biology, Medical School of Athens, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Anna Cargnoni
- Centro di Ricerca E. Menni, Fondazione Poliambulanza Istituto Ospedaliero, Brescia, Italy
| | - Roberto Gramignoli
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Division of Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Susanne Wolbank
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Experimental and Clinical Traumatology, The Research Center in Cooperation with AUVA Trauma Research Center, Austrian Cluster for Tissue Regeneration, Vienna, Austria
| | - Florelle Gindraux
- Service de Chirurgie Orthopédique, Traumatologique et plastique, CHU Besançon, Laboratoire de Nanomédecine, Imagerie, Thérapeutique EA 4662, University Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Besançon, France
| | - Sveva Bollini
- Department of Experimental Medicine (DIMES), School of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Genova, Genova, Italy
| | - Halima Kerdjoudj
- University of Reims Champagne Ardenne, EA 4691 BIOS “Biomatériaux et Inflammation en Site Osseux”, UFR d’Odontologie, Reims, France
| | | | - Roberta Di Pietro
- Department of Medicine and Ageing Sciences, Section of Biomorphology, G. d'Annunzio University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Mariangela Basile
- Department of Medicine and Ageing Sciences, Section of Biomorphology, G. d'Annunzio University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Veronika Borutinskaitė
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Institute of Biochemistry, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Roberta Piva
- Department of Neuroscience and Rehabilitation, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Andreina Schoeberlein
- Department of Obstetrics and Feto-maternal Medicine, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, Department for BioMedical Research (DBMR), University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Guenther Eissner
- Systems Biology Ireland, School of Medicine, Conway Institute, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Bernd Giebel
- Institute for Transfusion Medicine, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Peter Ponsaerts
- Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Vaccine and Infectious Disease Institute (Vaxinfectio), University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
- *Correspondence: Michela Pozzobon, , ; Peter Ponsaerts,
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19
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Katifelis H, Filidou E, Psaraki A, Yakoub F, Roubelakis MG, Tarapatzi G, Vradelis S, Bamias G, Kolios G, Gazouli M. Amniotic Fluid-Derived Mesenchymal Stem/Stromal Cell-Derived Secretome and Exosomes Improve Inflammation in Human Intestinal Subepithelial Myofibroblasts. Biomedicines 2022; 10:2357. [PMID: 36289619 PMCID: PMC9598363 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10102357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Revised: 09/15/2022] [Accepted: 09/19/2022] [Indexed: 08/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory Bowel Diseases (IBDs) are characterized by chronic relapsing inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract. The mesenchymal stem/stromal cell-derived secretome and secreted extracellular vesicles may offer novel therapeutic opportunities in patients with IBD. Thus, exosomes may be utilized as a novel cell-free approach for IBD therapy. The aim of our study was to examine the possible anti-inflammatory effects of secretome/exosomes on an IBD-relevant, in vitro model of LPS-induced inflammation in human intestinal SubEpithelial MyoFibroblasts (SEMFs). The tested CM (Conditioned Media)/exosomes derived from a specific population of second-trimester amniotic fluid mesenchymal stem/stromal cells, the spindle-shaped amniotic fluid MSCs (SS-AF-MSCs), and specifically, their secreted exosomes could be utilized as a novel cell-free approach for IBD therapy. Therefore, we studied the effect of SS-AF-MSCs CM and exosomes on LPS-induced inflammation in SEMF cells. SS-AF-MSCs CM and exosomes were collected, concentrated, and then delivered into the cell cultures. Administration of both secretome and exosomes derived from SS-AF-MSCs reduced the severity of LPS-induced inflammation. Specifically, IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, and TLR-4 mRNA expression was decreased, while the anti-inflammatory IL-10 was elevated. Our results were also verified at the protein level, as secretion of IL-1β was significantly reduced. Overall, our results highlight a cell-free and anti-inflammatory therapeutic agent for potential use in IBD therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hector Katifelis
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Laboratory of Biology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Eirini Filidou
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Democritus University of Thrace, 68100 Alexandroupolis, Greece
| | - Adriana Psaraki
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Laboratory of Biology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Farinta Yakoub
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Laboratory of Biology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Maria G. Roubelakis
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Laboratory of Biology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
- Centre of Basic Research, Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Gesthimani Tarapatzi
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Democritus University of Thrace, 68100 Alexandroupolis, Greece
| | - Stergios Vradelis
- Second Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Democritus University of Thrace, 68100 Alexandroupolis, Greece
| | - Giorgos Bamias
- GI Unit, Sotiria Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - George Kolios
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Democritus University of Thrace, 68100 Alexandroupolis, Greece
| | - Maria Gazouli
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Laboratory of Biology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
- 2nd Department of Radiology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 12462 Athens, Greece
- Department of Sciences, Hellenic Open University, 26335 Patra, Greece
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20
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Psaraki A, Ntari L, Karakostas C, Korrou-Karava D, Roubelakis MG. Extracellular vesicles derived from mesenchymal stem/stromal cells: The regenerative impact in liver diseases. Hepatology 2022; 75:1590-1603. [PMID: 34449901 DOI: 10.1002/hep.32129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2021] [Revised: 08/04/2021] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Liver dysfunctions are classified into acute and chronic diseases, which comprise a heterogeneous group of pathological features and a high mortality rate. Liver transplantation remains the gold-standard therapy for most liver diseases, with concomitant limitations related to donor organ shortage and lifelong immunosuppressive therapy. A concept in liver therapy intends to overcome these limitations based on the secreted extracellular vesicles (EVs; microvesicles and exosomes) by mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs). A significant number of studies have shown that factors released by MSCs could induce liver repair and ameliorate systemic inflammation through paracrine effects. It is well known that this paracrine action is based not only on the secretion of cytokines and growth factors but also on EVs, which regulate pathways associated with inflammation, hepatic fibrosis, integrin-linked protein kinase signaling, and apoptosis. Herein, we extensively discuss the differential effects of MSC-EVs on different liver diseases and on cellular and animal models and address the complex molecular mechanisms involved in the therapeutic potential of EVs. In addition, we cover the crucial information regarding the type of molecules contained in MSC-EVs that can be effective in the context of liver diseases. In conclusion, outcomes on MSC-EV-mediated therapy are expected to lead to an innovative, cell-free, noninvasive, less immunogenic, and nontoxic alternative strategy for liver treatment and to provide important mechanistic information on the reparative function of liver cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriana Psaraki
- Laboratory of BiologyMedical SchoolNational and Kapodistrian University of AthensAthensGreece
| | - Lydia Ntari
- Laboratory of BiologyMedical SchoolNational and Kapodistrian University of AthensAthensGreece
| | - Christos Karakostas
- Laboratory of BiologyMedical SchoolNational and Kapodistrian University of AthensAthensGreece
| | - Despoina Korrou-Karava
- Laboratory of BiologyMedical SchoolNational and Kapodistrian University of AthensAthensGreece
| | - Maria G Roubelakis
- Laboratory of BiologyMedical SchoolNational and Kapodistrian University of AthensAthensGreece
- Centre of Basic ResearchBiomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of AthensAthensGreece
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21
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The assessment of mesenchymal stem cells therapy in acute on chronic liver failure and chronic liver disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled clinical trials. Stem Cell Res Ther 2022; 13:204. [PMID: 35578365 PMCID: PMC9109309 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-022-02882-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2022] [Accepted: 05/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) therapy is showing potential therapeutic effects on liver function improvement in patients with chronic liver disease; however, the consensus on efficacy and safety of MSCs has not been reached. Methods We performed this systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) to evaluate the efficacy and safety of MSCs therapy for patients with chronic liver disease. A detailed search of the Cochrane Library, MEDLINE, Web of Science, and EMBASE databases was conducted to find studies published prior to September 15, 2021. The outcome measures were survival rate, model of end-stage liver disease (MELD) score, albumin, total bilirubin, coagulation function, and aminotransferase. Results A literature search resulted in 892 citations. Of these, 12 studies met the inclusion criteria. It was found that compared with conventional treatment, MSCs therapy was associated with improved liver function including the MELD score, albumin levels, and coagulation function. However, it had no obvious beneficial effects on survival rate and aminotransferase levels. Subgroup analyses indicated that MSCs therapy had therapeutic effects on patients with both acute on chronic liver failure (ACLF) and cirrhosis. BM-MSCs and UC-MSCs treatment had similar efficacy to improve liver function. The effectiveness varied slightly between the peripheral intravenous injection and hepatic arterial injection. Five studies reported that the only adverse event of the MSCs therapy was fever, and no serious adverse events and side effects were reported. Analysis on clinical symptoms showed that encephalopathy and gastrointestinal hemorrhage events were reduced after MSCs therapy. Conclusions In conclusion, this study suggested that MSCs therapy could be a potential therapeutic alternative for patients with chronic liver disease in clinical practice. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13287-022-02882-4.
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22
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Shokravi S, Borisov V, Zaman BA, Niazvand F, Hazrati R, Khah MM, Thangavelu L, Marzban S, Sohrabi A, Zamani A. Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) and their exosome in acute liver failure (ALF): a comprehensive review. Stem Cell Res Ther 2022; 13:192. [PMID: 35527304 PMCID: PMC9080215 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-022-02825-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2021] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Recently, mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) and their derivative exosome have become a promising approach in the context of liver diseases therapy, in particular, acute liver failure (ALF). In addition to their differentiation into hepatocytes in vivo, which is partially involved in liver regeneration, MSCs support liver regeneration as a result of their appreciated competencies, such as antiapoptotic, immunomodulatory, antifibrotic, and also antioxidant attributes. Further, MSCs-secreted molecules inspire hepatocyte proliferation in vivo, facilitating damaged tissue recovery in ALF. Given these properties, various MSCs-based approaches have evolved and resulted in encouraging outcomes in ALF animal models and also displayed safety and also modest efficacy in human studies, providing a new avenue for ALF therapy. Irrespective of MSCs-derived exosome, MSCs-based strategies in ALF include administration of native MSCs, genetically modified MSCs, pretreated MSCs, MSCs delivery using biomaterials, and also MSCs in combination with and other therapeutic molecules or modalities. Herein, we will deliver an overview regarding the therapeutic effects of the MSCs and their exosomes in ALF. As well, we will discuss recent progress in preclinical and clinical studies and current challenges in MSCs-based therapies in ALF, with a special focus on in vivo reports.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samin Shokravi
- Department of Research and Academic Affairs, Larkin Community Hospital, Miami, FL USA
| | - Vitaliy Borisov
- I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Burhan Abdullah Zaman
- Basic Sciences Department, College of Pharmacy, University of Duhok, Duhok, Kurdistan Region Iraq
| | - Firoozeh Niazvand
- School of Medicine, Abadan University of Medical Sciences, Abadan, Iran
| | - Raheleh Hazrati
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Pharmacy Faculty, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Meysam Mohammadi Khah
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Lakshmi Thangavelu
- Department of Pharmacology, Saveetha Dental College, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Science, Saveetha University, Chennai, India
| | - Sima Marzban
- Department of Research and Academic Affairs, Larkin Community Hospital, Miami, FL USA
| | - Armin Sohrabi
- Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Amir Zamani
- Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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23
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The Potential Clinical Use of Stem/Progenitor Cells and Organoids in Liver Diseases. Cells 2022; 11:cells11091410. [PMID: 35563716 PMCID: PMC9101582 DOI: 10.3390/cells11091410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2022] [Revised: 04/11/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The liver represents the most important metabolic organ of the human body. It is evident that an imbalance of liver function can lead to several pathological conditions, known as liver failure. Orthotropic liver transplantation (OLT) is currently the most effective and established treatment for end-stage liver diseases and acute liver failure (ALF). Due to several limitations, stem-cell-based therapies are currently being developed as alternative solutions. Stem cells or progenitor cells derived from various sources have emerged as an alternative source of hepatic regeneration. Therefore, hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs), mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs), endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs), embryonic stem cells (ESCs) and induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) are also known to differentiate into hepatocyte-like cells (HPLCs) and liver progenitor cells (LPCs) that can be used in preclinical or clinical studies of liver disease. Furthermore, these cells have been shown to be effective in the development of liver organoids that can be used for disease modeling, drug testing and regenerative medicine. In this review, we aim to discuss the characteristics of stem-cell-based therapies for liver diseases and present the current status and future prospects of using HLCs, LPCs or liver organoids in clinical trials.
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24
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Holthaus M, Santhakumar N, Wahlers T, Paunel-Görgülü A. The Secretome of Preconditioned Mesenchymal Stem Cells Drives Polarization and Reprogramming of M2a Macrophages toward an IL-10-Producing Phenotype. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23084104. [PMID: 35456922 PMCID: PMC9024470 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23084104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2022] [Revised: 03/29/2022] [Accepted: 04/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The preconditioning of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) has been recognized as an attractive tool to improve their regenerative and immunomodulatory capacities based on their paracrine effects. In this study, we examined the potential of an MSC-conditioned medium (MSC-CM) to alter the phenotype of murine macrophages and to drive reprogramming toward an anti-inflammatory, M2-like state in vitro. We further explored the impact of MSC cytokine preconditioning on the immunosuppressive properties of the MSC secretome. The MSC-CM suppressed the expression of proinflammatory genes in murine M1 macrophages, but only the CM from preconditioned MSCs (preMSC-CM) downregulated their expression during M1 polarization. Remarkably, only the preMSC-CM significantly increased the expression of M2a-, M2b- and M2c-specific genes and proteins during M2a polarization. Further, macrophages were found to secrete high levels of anti-inflammatory IL-10. Similarly, M2a macrophages cultured in the presence of the preMSC-CM displayed an enhanced expression of M2b/M2c-specific markers, suggesting that the secretome of preMSC promotes the repolarization of M2a-like macrophages to M2b/M2c subtypes. The preMSC-CM was found to be enriched in molecules involved in M2 polarization. Additionally, a unique downregulation of extracellular matrix components was observed. Altogether, the preMSC-CM may provide an attractive strategy to dampen inflammation by suppressing the expression of proinflammatory mediators and promoting the polarization and phenotype switch of M2a cells to IL-10-secreting M2b/M2c-like macrophages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle Holthaus
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Heart Center, University of Cologne, 50937 Cologne, Germany
| | - Nivethiha Santhakumar
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Heart Center, University of Cologne, 50937 Cologne, Germany
| | - Thorsten Wahlers
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Heart Center, University of Cologne, 50937 Cologne, Germany
| | - Adnana Paunel-Görgülü
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Heart Center, University of Cologne, 50937 Cologne, Germany
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25
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Extraembryonic Mesenchymal Stromal/Stem Cells in Liver Diseases: A Critical Revision of Promising Advanced Therapy Medicinal Products. Cells 2022; 11:cells11071074. [PMID: 35406638 PMCID: PMC8997603 DOI: 10.3390/cells11071074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Revised: 03/17/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Liver disorders have been increasing globally in recent years. These diseases are associated with high morbidity and mortality rates and impose high care costs on the health system. Acute liver failure, chronic and congenital liver diseases, as well as hepatocellular carcinoma have been limitedly treated by whole organ transplantation so far. But novel treatments for liver disorders using cell-based approaches have emerged in recent years. Extra-embryonic tissues, including umbilical cord, amnion membrane, and chorion plate, contain multipotent stem cells. The pre-sent manuscript discusses potential application of extraembryonic mesenchymal stromal/stem cells, focusing on the management of liver diseases. Extra-embryonic MSC are characterized by robust and constitutive anti-inflammatory and anti-fibrotic properties, indicating as therapeutic agents for inflammatory conditions such as liver fibrosis or advanced cirrhosis, as well as chronic inflammatory settings or deranged immune responses.
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26
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Ebadi Zavieh S, Safari F. The Antitumor Activity of hAMSCs Secretome in HT-29 Colon Cancer Cells Through Downregulation of EGFR/c-Src/IRTKS Expression and p38/ERK1/2 Phosphorylation. Cell Biochem Biophys 2022; 80:395-402. [PMID: 35150389 DOI: 10.1007/s12013-022-01066-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Colon cancer is considered as one of the main causes of mortality worldwide. Identifying a novel and more effective platform with fewer side effects is still progress. In various cancer types, Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and c-Src (a key mediator in EGFR signaling pathway) are the key targets for cancer therapy. Moreover, insulin receptor tyrosine kinase substrate (IRTKS or BAI1-associated protein 2-like 1: BAIAP2L1) is a member of the subfamily of inverse BAR (I-BAR) domain proteins, which mediates cell morphology and movement through regulation of actin polymerization. In this study, we employed a co-culture system using Transwell six-well plates. After 72 h, hAMSCs-treated HT-29 cells, EGFR, c-Src, IRTKS, p38, and ERK1/2 expression were analyzed using quantitative real time PCR (qRT-PCR) and western blot methods. The significant reduction in tumor cell growth and motility through downregulation of EGFR/c-Src/IRTKS expression and p38/ERK1/2 phosphorylation in HT-29 cells was demonstrated based on 2D and 3D cell culture models. The induction of cellular apoptosis was also found. Our results support the idea that the hAMSCS secretome has therapeutic effects on cancer cells. However, further experiments will be required to identify the exact molecular mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shamin Ebadi Zavieh
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Safari
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran.
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Endometrial Regenerative Cell-Derived Conditioned Medium Alleviates Experimental Colitis. Stem Cells Int 2022; 2022:7842296. [PMID: 35126527 PMCID: PMC8813287 DOI: 10.1155/2022/7842296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2021] [Revised: 01/09/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Traditional interventions can play a certain role in attenuating ulcerative colitis (UC), known as one type of inflammatory bowel diseases, but sometimes are not effective. Endometrial regenerative cells (ERCs) have been shown to exert immunosuppressive effects in different models of inflammation, and stem cell-derived conditioned media (CM) have advantages over cell therapy in terms of easy access and direct action. However, whether ERC-CM could alleviate colitis remains unclear and will be explored in this study. Methods Menstrual blood was collected from healthy female volunteers to obtain ERCs and ERC-CM. Acute colitis was induced by 3% dextran sodium sulfate (DSS), and ERC-CM was injected on days 4, 6, and 8, respectively, after induction. The disease activity index was calculated through the record of weight change, bleeding, and fecal viscosity during the treatment process. Histological features, macrophage and CD4+ T cell in the spleen and colon, and cytokine profiles in the sera and colon were measured. In addition, an in vitro lymphocyte proliferation assay was measured by using a CCK-8 kit in this study. Results ERC-CM treatment significantly improved the symptoms and histological changes in colitis mice. ERC-CM increased the percentage of Tregs in the spleen and colon but decreased the percentages of M1 macrophages and Th1 and Th17 cells in the spleen and decreased the population of Th17 cells in the colon. In addition, ERC-CM treatment decreased the local expression of TNF-α, IL-6, and iNOS in the colon. Furthermore, ERC-CM increased the levels of anti-inflammatory cytokines IL-10 and IL-27 but decreased proinflammatory cytokines IL-6 and IL-17 in the sera. In addition, ERC-CM significantly inhibited ConA-induced mouse lymphocyte proliferation in vitro. Conclusion The results suggest that ERC-CM can exert similar therapeutic effects as ERCs and could be explored for future application of cell-free therapy in the treatment of colitis.
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28
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Widowati W, Handono K, Marlina M, Sholihah IA, Jasaputra DK, Wargasetia TL, Subangkit M, Faried A, Girsang E, Lister IN, Ginting CN, Nainggolan IM, Rizal R, Kusuma H, Chiuman L. In Silico Approach for Pro-inflammatory Protein Interleukin 1β and Interleukin-1 Receptor Antagonist Protein Docking as Potential Therapy for COVID-19 Disease. Open Access Maced J Med Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.3889/oamjms.2022.7405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Interleukin-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1Ra) also known as Anakinra is a receptor antagonist of IL-1 especially IL-1β. IL-1β increased in infected COVID-19 patient groups. This study aimed that the IL-1Ra contained in Conditioned Medium Wharton’s Jelly Mesenchymal Stem Cells (CM-WJMSCs) has the potential to inhibit IL-1β which is one of the cytokine storms that occur in COVID patients through an in-silico approach. Objective: This study aims to determine the effect of in silico approach pro-inflammatory protein interleukin 1β (IL-1 β) and interleukin-1 receptor antagonist protein as cytokine WJ-MSCs for potential treatment of COVID-19 disease. Methods: 3D structure using the homology modeling method on Swiss Model web-server. Molecular docking was performed to analyze the binding mode of the IL-1β related to COVID-19 with IL-1Ra and the docking results were fixed using FireDock web-server. Results: These results of the docking of proteins between IL-1β and the CM-WJMSCs component, namely IL-1Ra showed that IL-1Ra has criteria for docking on IL-1β such as the good score for QMEAN, good CscoreLB, and BS-score results, and the lowest energy obtained was -585.1 KJ/mol. It can be predicted that IL-1Ra can inhibit IL-1β which causes cytokine storms in COVID-19 patients. Conclusion: So that there is a potential treatment of CM-WJMSCs on the severity of Covid-19 infection.
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Chen K, Obara H, Matsubara Y, Fukuda K, Yagi H, Ono-Uruga Y, Matsubara K, Kitagawa Y. Adipose-Derived Mesenchymal Stromal/Stem Cell Line Prevents Hepatic Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury in Rats by Inhibiting Inflammasome Activation. Cell Transplant 2022; 31:9636897221089629. [PMID: 35438583 PMCID: PMC9021522 DOI: 10.1177/09636897221089629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stromal/stem cells (MSCs) have shown potential in the treatment of degenerative diseases, including ischemia/reperfusion injury (IRI), which occurs during organ transplantation and represents the main cause of post-transplant graft dysfunction. However, MSCs have heterogeneous characteristics, and studies of MSCs therapy have shown a variety of outcomes. To establish a new effective MSCs therapy, we developed an adipose-derived mesenchymal stromal/stem cell line (ASCL) and compared its therapeutic effects on primary adipose-derived MSCs (ASCs) using a hepatocyte co-culture model of hypoxia/reoxygenation in vitro and a rat model of hepatic IRI in vivo. The results showed that both ASCL and ASCs protect against hypoxia by improving hepatocyte viability, inhibiting reactive oxygen species release, and upregulating transforming growth factor-β in vitro. In vivo, ASCL or ASCs were infused into the spleen 24 h before the induction of rat hepatic IRI. The results showed that ASCL significantly improved the survival outcomes compared with the control (normal saline infusion) with the significantly decreased serum levels of liver enzymes and less damage to liver tissues compared with ASCs. Both ASCL and ASCs suppressed NOD-like receptor family pyrin domain-containing 3 inflammasome activation and subsequently reduced the release of activated IL-1β and IL-18, which is considered an important mechanism underlying ASCL and ASCs infusion in hepatic IRI. In addition, ASCL can promote the release of interleukin-1 receptor antagonist, which was previously reported as a key factor in hampering the inflammatory cascade during hepatic IRI. Our results suggest ASCL as a new candidate for hepatic IRI treatment due to its relatively homogeneous characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaili Chen
- Department of Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hideaki Obara
- Department of Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yumiko Matsubara
- Clinical and Translational Research Center, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kazumasa Fukuda
- Department of Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Yagi
- Department of Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yukako Ono-Uruga
- Clinical and Translational Research Center, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kentaro Matsubara
- Department of Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuko Kitagawa
- Department of Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
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Camões SP, Bulut O, Yazar V, Gaspar M, Simões S, Ferreira R, Vitorino R, Santos JM, Gursel I, Miranda JP. 3D-MSCs A151 ODN-Loaded Exosomes Are Immunomodulatory And Reveal A Proteomic Cargo That Sustains Wound Resolution. J Adv Res 2022; 41:113-128. [PMID: 36328741 PMCID: PMC9637564 DOI: 10.1016/j.jare.2022.01.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2021] [Revised: 01/10/2022] [Accepted: 01/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The MSC-derived secretome from 3D cultures enhances fibroblast and keratinocyte mitogenic and motogenic capacity in vitro, respectively. The cargo of the 3D MSC-derived exosomes (Exo3D) reveals wound healing-related proteins and promotes wound resolution in a wound healing in vivo model. Loading MSC-derived exosomes with A151 ODN further reduces the systemic levels of IL-6 and TNF-α pro-inflammatory cytokines at the late stage of wound healing in vivo, crucial for a full regenerated tissue. A151-loaded Exo3D have a great potential as a noncellular off-the-shelf therapy for non-healing wound treatment.
Introduction Non-healing wounds remain a major burden due to the lack of effective treatments. Mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes (MSC-Exo) have emerged as therapeutic options given their pro-regenerative and immunomodulatory features. Still, little is known on the exact mechanisms mediated by MSC-Exo. Importantly, modulation of their efficacy through 3D-physiologic cultures together with loading strategies continues underexplored. Objectives To uncover the MSC-Exo-mediated mechanism via proteomic analyses, and to use 3D-culture and loading technologies to expand MSC-Exo efficacy for cutaneous wound healing. Methods MSC-Exo were produced in either 3D or 2D cultures (Exo3D/Exo2D) and loaded with an exogenous immunosuppressive oligodeoxynucleotide (A151 ODN). Both, loaded and naïve exosomes were characterised regarding size, morphology and the presence of specific protein markers; while IPA analyses enabled to correlate their protein content with the effects observed in vitro and in vivo. The Exo3D/Exo2D regenerative potential was evaluated in vitro by assessing keratinocyte and fibroblast mitogenicity, motogenicity, and cytokine secretion as well as using an in vivo wound splinting model. Accordingly, the modulation of inflammatory and immune responses by A151-loaded Exo3D/Exo2D was also assessed. Results Exo3D stimulated mitogenically and motogenically keratinocytes and fibroblasts in vitro, with upregulation of IL-1α and VEGF-α or increased secretion of TGF-β, TNF-α and IL-10. In vivo, Exo3D reduced the granulation tissue area and promoted complete re-epithelization of the wound. These observations were sustained by the proteomic profiling of the Exo3D cargo that identified wound healing-related proteins, such as TGF-β, ITGA1-3/5, IL-6, CDC151, S100A10 and Wnt5α. Moreover, when loaded with A151 ODN, Exo3D differentially mediated wound healing-related trophic factors reducing the systemic levels of IL-6 and TNF-α at the late stage of wound healing in vivo. Conclusion Our results support the potential of A151-loaded Exo3D for the treatment of chronic wounds by promoting skin regeneration, while modulating the systemic levels of the pro-inflammatory cytokines.
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Liu M, He J, Zheng S, Zhang K, Ouyang Y, Zhang Y, Li C, Wu D. Human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells ameliorate acute liver failure by inhibiting apoptosis, inflammation and pyroptosis. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2021; 9:1615. [PMID: 34926659 PMCID: PMC8640895 DOI: 10.21037/atm-21-2885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2021] [Accepted: 09/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Background Human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (UC-MSCs) are multipotent progenitor cells representing an attractive therapeutic tool for tissue damage and inflammation owing to their unique immunomodulatory properties. This study was designed to determine the protective effects and underlying mechanisms of UC-MSCs on acute liver failure (ALF). Methods ALF was induced in mice by intraperitoneal injection of D-galactosamine (D-GalN) and lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Mice were intravenously injected with 1×106 UC-MSCs one hour before or six hours after D-GalN/LPS injection. Liver function was valued by serum biochemical parameters and hematoxylin-eosin staining. Inflammatory cytokine and chemokine levels were measured by real-time PCR, and inflammatory cells infiltration was observed by immunofluorescence staining. Hepatocyte apoptosis and pyroptosis related proteins were detected by western blot. Murine macrophage Raw264.7 in the presentation of LPS was treated with the UC-MSCs condition medium (UC-MSCs-CM), and then the levels of inflammatory cytokines and NOD-like receptor family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome in Raw264.7 were measured. Results UC-MSCs significantly reduced the mortality, decreased serum alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase levels, and improved the pathological damage. Moreover, UC-MSCs inhibited inflammatory cytokine and chemokine levels, especially TNF-α, interleukins-6 (IL-6), IL-1β, monocyte chemoattractant protein (MCP-1), CC-chemokines ligand 2 (CCL2), C-X-C motif ligand 2 (CXCL2), and reduced macrophage, neutrophil and T lymphocyte infiltration into the liver tissue. UC-MSCs also attenuated hepatocyte apoptosis, as evidenced by decreased TUNEL positive cells, increased Bcl-xl/Bax protein ratio and downregulated cleaved caspase 3 levels. NLRP3 inflammasome activation, IL-1β maturation and cleaved caspase1 were suppressed by UC-MSC administration. Furthermore, the UC-MSCs-CM reduced the levels of inflammatory cytokines and the activation of NLRP3 inflammasome in Raw264.7. Conclusions Our results demonstrated that UC-MSCs exerted therapeutic effects on ALF by inhibiting apoptosis, inflammation, and pyroptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengting Liu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Wuhan University School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan, China.,R&D Center, Wuhan Hamilton Biotechnology Co., Ltd, Wuhan, China
| | - Jing He
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Wuhan University School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Shuo Zheng
- R&D Center, Wuhan Hamilton Biotechnology Co., Ltd, Wuhan, China
| | - Ke Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Wuhan University School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Yu Ouyang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Wuhan University School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Yaqi Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Wuhan University School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Changyong Li
- Department of Physiology, Wuhan University School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Dongcheng Wu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Wuhan University School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan, China.,R&D Center, Wuhan Hamilton Biotechnology Co., Ltd, Wuhan, China.,R&D Center, Guangzhou Hamilton Biotechnology Co., Ltd, Guangzhou, China
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González LM, Ospina LN, Sperling LE, Chaparro O, Cucarián JD. Therapeutic Effects of Physical Exercise and the Mesenchymal Stem Cell Secretome by Modulating Neuroinflammatory Response in Multiple Sclerosis. Curr Stem Cell Res Ther 2021; 17:621-632. [PMID: 34886779 DOI: 10.2174/1574888x16666211209155333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2021] [Revised: 09/14/2021] [Accepted: 10/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a neurodegenerative, demyelinating, and chronic inflammatory disease characterized by central nervous system (CNS) lesions that lead to high levels of disability and severe physical and cognitive disturbances. Conventional therapies are not enough to control the neuroinflammatory process in MS and are not able to inhibit ongoing damage to the CNS. Thus, the secretome of mesenchymal stem cells (MSC-S) has been postulated as a potential therapy that could mitigate symptoms and disease progression. We considered that its combination with physical exercise (EX) could induce superior effects and increase the MSC-S effectiveness in this condition. Recent studies have revealed that both EX and MSC-S share similar mechanisms of action that mitigate auto-reactive T cell infiltration, regulate the local inflammatory response, modulate the proinflammatory profile of glial cells, and reduce neuronal damage. Clinical and experimental studies have reported that these treatments in an isolated way also improve myelination, regeneration, promote the release of neurotrophic factors, and increase the recruitment of endogenous stem cells. Together, these effects reduce disease progression and improve patient functionality. Despite these results, the combination of these methods has not yet been studied in MS. In this review, we focus on molecular elements and cellular responses induced by these treatments in a separate way, showing their beneficial effects in the control of symptoms and disease progression in MS, as well as indicating their contribution in clinical fields. In addition, we propose the combined use of EX and MSC-S as a strategy to boost their reparative and immunomodulatory effects in this condition, combining their benefits on synaptogenesis, neurogenesis, remyelination, and neuroinflammatory response. The findings here reported are based on the scientific evidence and our professional experience that will bring significant progress to regenerative medicine to deal with this condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lina María González
- Physiotherapy Program, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universidad del Rosario AK 24 #63c-69, Bogotá. Colombia
| | - Laura Natalia Ospina
- Physiotherapy Program, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universidad del Rosario AK 24 #63c-69, Bogotá. Colombia
| | - Laura Elena Sperling
- Faculty of Pharmacy & Fundamental Health Science Institute, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul Rua Ramiro Barcelos, 2600-Prédio Anexo - Floresta, Porto Alegre. Brazil
| | - Orlando Chaparro
- Physiology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Nacional de Colombia Ak 30 #45-03, Bogotá. Colombia
| | - Jaison Daniel Cucarián
- Physiotherapy Program, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universidad del Rosario AK 24 #63c-69, Bogotá. Colombia
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Mesenchymal Stem Cells in the Treatment of COVID-19, a Promising Future. Cells 2021; 10:cells10102588. [PMID: 34685567 PMCID: PMC8533906 DOI: 10.3390/cells10102588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2021] [Revised: 09/11/2021] [Accepted: 09/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are multipotent adult stem cells present in virtually all tissues; they have a potent self-renewal capacity and can differentiate into multiple cell types. They also affect the ambient tissue by the paracrine secretion of numerous factors in vivo, including the induction of other stem cells’ differentiation. In vitro, the culture media supernatant is named secretome and contains soluble molecules and extracellular vesicles that retain potent biological function in tissue regeneration. MSCs are considered safe for human treatment; their use does not involve ethical issues, as embryonic stem cells do not require genetic manipulation as induced pluripotent stem cells, and after intravenous injection, they are mainly found in the lugs. Therefore, these cells are currently being tested in various preclinical and clinical trials for several diseases, including COVID-19. Several affected COVID-19 patients develop induced acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) associated with an uncontrolled inflammatory response. This condition causes extensive damage to the lungs and may leave serious post-COVID-19 sequelae. As the disease may cause systemic alterations, such as thromboembolism and compromised renal and cardiac function, the intravenous injection of MSCs may be a therapeutic alternative against multiple pathological manifestations. In this work, we reviewed the literature about MSCs biology, focusing on their function in pulmonary regeneration and their use in COVID-19 treatment.
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Ma N, Li S, Lin C, Cheng X, Meng Z. Mesenchymal stem cell conditioned medium attenuates oxidative stress injury in hepatocytes partly by regulating the miR-486-5p/PIM1 axis and the TGF-β/Smad pathway. Bioengineered 2021; 12:6434-6447. [PMID: 34519263 PMCID: PMC8806429 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2021.1972196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
This study investigated the role of microRNA (miRNA) miR-486-5p in oxidative stress injury in hepatocytes under the treatment of mesenchymal stem cell conditioned medium (MSC-CM). The oxidative stress injury in hepatocytes (L02) was induced by H2O2. Human umbilical cord blood MSC-CM (UCB-MSC-CM) was prepared. The effects of UCB-MSC-CM on the proliferation, apoptosis, and inflammatory response in L02 cells were detected by Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) assay, flow cytometry analysis, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Subsequently, the target of miR-486-5p was predicted using bioinformatics analysis, and the possible signaling pathway addressed by miR-486-5p was explored using western blot. We found that miR-486-5p expression was elevated following oxidative stress injury and was reduced after UCB-MSC-CM treatment. UCB-MSC-CM protected L02 cells against H2O2-induced injury by downregulation of miR-486-5p. Proviral integration site for Moloney murine leukemia virus 1 (PIM1) was verified to be targeted by miR-486-5p. UCB-MSC-CM upregulated the expression of PIM1 reduced by H2O2 in L02 cells. Additionally, silencing PIM1 attenuated the protective effects of miR-486-5p downregulation against oxidative stress injury. We further demonstrated that UCB-MSC-CM inhibited the TGF-β/Smad signaling in H2O2-treated L02 cells by the miR-486-5p/PIM1 axis. Overall, UCB-MSC-CM attenuates oxidative stress injury in hepatocytes by downregulating miR-486-5p and upregulating PIM1, which may be related to the inhibition of TGF-β/Smad pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Ma
- Department of Hepatobiliary-Pancreatic Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Shuo Li
- Department of Hepatobiliary-Pancreatic Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Chao Lin
- Department of Hepatobiliary-Pancreatic Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Xianbin Cheng
- Department of Gastrointestinal Colorectal and Anal Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Zihui Meng
- Department of Hepatobiliary-Pancreatic Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
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Zheng Y, Zhu S, Zheng X, Xu W, Li X, Li J, Gao Z, Xie C, Peng L. Serum from Acute-on-chronic Liver Failure Patients May Affect Mesenchymal Stem Cells Transplantation by Impairing the Immunosuppressive Function of Cells. J Clin Transl Hepatol 2021; 9:503-513. [PMID: 34447679 PMCID: PMC8369013 DOI: 10.14218/jcth.2021.00014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2021] [Revised: 02/22/2021] [Accepted: 03/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS The safety and efficacy of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in the treatment of acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF) have been validated. However, the impact of the pathological ACLF microenvironment on MSCs is less well understood. This study was designed to explore the changes in the functional properties of MSCs exposed to ACLF serum. METHODS MSCs were cultured in the presence of 10%, 30% and 50% serum concentrations from ACLF patients and healthy volunteers. Then, the cell morphology, phenotype, apoptosis and proliferation of MSCs were evaluated, including the immunosuppressive effects. Subsequently, mRNA sequencing analysis was used to identify the molecules and pathways involved in MSC functional changes in the context of ACLF. RESULTS In the presence of ACLF serum, MSC morphology significantly changed but phenotype did not. Besides, MSC proliferation activity was weakened, while the apoptosis rate was lightly increased. Most importantly, the immunosuppressive function of MSCs was enhanced in a low-concentration serum environment but transformed into a proinflammatory response in a high-concentration serum environment. RNA sequencing indicated that 10% serum concentration from ACLF patients mediated the PI3K-Akt pathway to enhance the anti-inflammatory effect of MSCs, while the 50% serum concentration from ACLF patients promoted the conversion of MSCs into a proinflammatory function by affecting the cell cycle. CONCLUSIONS The 50% ACLF serum concentration is more similar to the environment in the human body, which means that direct peripheral blood intravenous infusion of MSCs may reduce the effect of transplantation. Combining treatments of plasma exchange to reduce harmful substances in serum may promote MSCs to exert a stronger anti-inflammatory effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongyuan Zheng
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Shu Zhu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xingrong Zheng
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Wenxiong Xu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xuejun Li
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jianguo Li
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhiliang Gao
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Liver Disease Research, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Chan Xie
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Liver Disease Research, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Corresponding Authors: Liang Peng, 600 Tianhe Road, Tianhe district, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510530, China. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6184-5750. Tel/Fax: +86-20-8525-2372, E-mail: ; Chan Xie, 600 Tianhe Road, Tianhe district, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510530, China. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0225-5483. Tel/Fax: +86-20-8525-2372, E-mail:
| | - Liang Peng
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Liver Disease Research, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Corresponding Authors: Liang Peng, 600 Tianhe Road, Tianhe district, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510530, China. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6184-5750. Tel/Fax: +86-20-8525-2372, E-mail: ; Chan Xie, 600 Tianhe Road, Tianhe district, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510530, China. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0225-5483. Tel/Fax: +86-20-8525-2372, E-mail:
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The secretome of mesenchymal stem cells and oxidative stress: challenges and opportunities in cell-free regenerative medicine. Mol Biol Rep 2021; 48:5607-5619. [PMID: 34191238 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-021-06360-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2020] [Accepted: 04/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Over the last decade, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been considered a suitable source for cell-based therapy, especially in regenerative medicine. First, the efficacy and functions of MSCs in clinical applications have been attributed to their differentiation ability, called homing and differentiation. However, it has recently been confirmed that MSCs mostly exert their therapeutic effects through soluble paracrine bioactive factors and extracellular vesicles, especially secretome. These secreted components play critical roles in modulating immune responses, improving the survival, and increasing the regeneration of damaged tissues. The secretome content of MSCs is variable under different conditions. Oxidative stress (OS) is one of these conditions that is highly important in MSC therapy and regenerative medicine. High levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) are produced during isolation, cell culture, and transplantation lead to OS, which induces cell death and apoptosis and limits the efficacy of their regeneration capability. In turn, the preconditioning of MSCs in OS conditions contributes to the secretion of several proteins, cytokines, growth factors, and exosomes, which can improve the antioxidant potential of MSCs against OS. This potential of MSC secretome has turned it into a new promising cell-free tissue regeneration strategy.This review provides a view of MSC secretome under OS conditions, focusing on different secretome contents of MSCs and thier possible therapeutic potential against cell therapy.
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Safari F, Shakery T, Sayadamin N. Evaluating the effect of secretome of human amniotic mesenchymal stromal cells on apoptosis induction and epithelial-mesenchymal transition inhibition in LNCaP prostate cancer cells based on 2D and 3D cell culture models. Cell Biochem Funct 2021; 39:813-820. [PMID: 34128234 DOI: 10.1002/cbf.3654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2021] [Revised: 05/03/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PCa) is the second most prevalent cancer in men worldwide. Most cases of death from PCa are due to metastasis. Early stages of metastasis are mediated by epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) process through which cancer cells acquire motility and invasive characteristics. Thus, more potent and novel therapeutic strategies must be designed based on the inhibition of EMT or metastasis. Herein, we employ a co-culture system to evaluate the anti-EMT effects of human amniotic mesenchymal stromal cells (hAMSCs) on LNCaP PCa cells. The RNA of treated (sample) and untreated cancer cells (control) and whole-cell lysates of related cells were prepared and analysed through quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and western blot, respectively. Based on the results, the expression of vimentin, Snail and Zeb1 in LNCaP cells decreased and the expression of E-cadherin increased after treatment with hAMSCs. Furthermore, induction of the cellular apoptosis in LNCaP cells was detected. The anti-cancer activity of conditioned medium from hAMSCs was shown using hanging drop technique (a 3D cell culture model). Our findings support the idea that stem cells can be considered as a novel therapeutic approach to inhibit prostate cancer cells. SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY: The anti-tumour activity of hAMSCs on LNCaP prostate cancer cells using 2D and 3D cell culture models via induction of apoptosis, suppression of EMT process and down-regulation of EGFR was shown. The results of the present study support this idea that hAMSCs may be a potent therapeutic tool to suppress tumour growth in LNCaP prostate cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Safari
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran
| | - Termeh Shakery
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran
| | - Nadiya Sayadamin
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran
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Varkouhi AK, Monteiro APT, Tsoporis JN, Mei SHJ, Stewart DJ, Dos Santos CC. Genetically Modified Mesenchymal Stromal/Stem Cells: Application in Critical Illness. Stem Cell Rev Rep 2021; 16:812-827. [PMID: 32671645 PMCID: PMC7363458 DOI: 10.1007/s12015-020-10000-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Critical illnesses including sepsis, acute respiratory distress syndromes, ischemic cardiovascular disorders and acute organ injuries are associated with high mortality, morbidity as well as significant health care system expenses. While these diverse conditions require different specific therapeutic approaches, mesenchymal stem/stromal cell (MSCs) are multipotent cells capable of self-renewal, tri-lineage differentiation with a broad range regenerative and immunomodulatory activities, making them attractive for the treatment of critical illness. The therapeutic effects of MSCs have been extensively investigated in several pre-clinical models of critical illness as well as in phase I and II clinical cell therapy trials with mixed results. Whilst these studies have demonstrated the therapeutic potential for MSC therapy in critical illness, optimization for clinical use is an ongoing challenge. MSCs can be readily genetically modified by application of different techniques and tools leading to overexpress or inhibit genes related to their immunomodulatory or regenerative functions. Here we will review recent approaches designed to enhance the therapeutic potential of MSCs with an emphasis on the technology used to generate genetically modified cells, target genes, target diseases and the implication of genetically modified MSCs in cell therapy for critical illness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amir K Varkouhi
- Department of Chemistry and Environmental Science, New Jersey Institute of Technology (NJIT), Newark, NJ, 07102, USA
| | - Ana Paula Teixeira Monteiro
- Keenan and Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, University Health Toronto - St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Institute of Medical Sciences and Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - James N Tsoporis
- Keenan and Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, University Health Toronto - St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Shirley H J Mei
- Ottawa Hospital Research Institute and the University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Duncan J Stewart
- Ottawa Hospital Research Institute and the University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Claudia C Dos Santos
- Keenan and Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, University Health Toronto - St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. .,Interdepartmental Division of Critical Care, St. Michael's Hospital/University of Toronto, 30 Bond Street, Room 4-008, Toronto, ON, M5B 1WB, Canada.
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Pampalone M, Corrao S, Amico G, Vitale G, Alduino R, Conaldi PG, Pietrosi G. Human Amnion-Derived Mesenchymal Stromal Cells in Cirrhotic Patients with Refractory Ascites: A Possible Anti-Inflammatory Therapy for Preventing Spontaneous Bacterial Peritonitis. Stem Cell Rev Rep 2021; 17:981-998. [PMID: 33389680 PMCID: PMC8166706 DOI: 10.1007/s12015-020-10104-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Cirrhosis is associated with dysregulated immune cell activation and immune dysfunction. These conditions modify gut flora, facilitate bacterial translocation, and increase susceptibility to bacterial peritonitis and consequent systemic infections by dramatically affecting long-term patient survival. Human amnion-derived mesenchymal stromal cells (hA-MSCs) exert immunomodulatory potential benefit, and have the ability to modulate their actions, especially in situations requiring immune activation through mechanisms not fully understood. In this study, we aimed to investigate, in vitro, the immunostimulant or immunosuppressive effects of hA-MSCs on cellular components of ascitic fluid obtained from cirrhotic patients with refractory ascites. We found that hA-MSCs viability is not affected by ascitic fluid and, interestingly, hA-MSCs diminished the pro-inflammatory cytokine production, and promoted anti-inflammatory M2 macrophage polarization. Moreover, we found that there was no simultaneous significant decrease in the M1-like component, allowing a continual phagocytosis activity of macrophages and NK cells to restore a physiological condition. These data highlight the plasticity of hA-MSCs' immunomodulatory capacity, and pave the way to further understanding their role in conditions such as spontaneous bacterial peritonitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariangela Pampalone
- Ri.MED Foundation, Palermo, Italy
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Advanced Biotechnologies, IRCCS-ISMETT (Istituto Mediterraneo per i Trapianti e Terapie ad Alta Specializzazione), Palermo, Italy
| | - Simona Corrao
- Ri.MED Foundation, Palermo, Italy
- Section of Histology and Embryology, Department of Biomedicine Neurosciences and Advanced Diagnostics (BiND), University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Giandomenico Amico
- Ri.MED Foundation, Palermo, Italy
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Advanced Biotechnologies, IRCCS-ISMETT (Istituto Mediterraneo per i Trapianti e Terapie ad Alta Specializzazione), Palermo, Italy
| | - Giampiero Vitale
- Ri.MED Foundation, Palermo, Italy
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Advanced Biotechnologies, IRCCS-ISMETT (Istituto Mediterraneo per i Trapianti e Terapie ad Alta Specializzazione), Palermo, Italy
| | - Rossella Alduino
- Ri.MED Foundation, Palermo, Italy
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Advanced Biotechnologies, IRCCS-ISMETT (Istituto Mediterraneo per i Trapianti e Terapie ad Alta Specializzazione), Palermo, Italy
| | - Pier Giulio Conaldi
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Advanced Biotechnologies, IRCCS-ISMETT (Istituto Mediterraneo per i Trapianti e Terapie ad Alta Specializzazione), Palermo, Italy
| | - Giada Pietrosi
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Advanced Biotechnologies, IRCCS-ISMETT (Istituto Mediterraneo per i Trapianti e Terapie ad Alta Specializzazione), Palermo, Italy
- Hepatology Unit, Department for the Treatment and Study of Abdominal Diseases and Abdominal Transplantation, IRCCS-ISMETT, Palermo, Italy
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40
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Mesenchymal stem cells therapy for acute liver failure: Recent advances and future perspectives. LIVER RESEARCH 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.livres.2021.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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41
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Sandonà M, Di Pietro L, Esposito F, Ventura A, Silini AR, Parolini O, Saccone V. Mesenchymal Stromal Cells and Their Secretome: New Therapeutic Perspectives for Skeletal Muscle Regeneration. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2021; 9:652970. [PMID: 34095095 PMCID: PMC8172230 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2021.652970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2021] [Accepted: 04/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) are multipotent cells found in different tissues: bone marrow, peripheral blood, adipose tissues, skeletal muscle, perinatal tissues, and dental pulp. MSCs are able to self-renew and to differentiate into multiple lineages, and they have been extensively used for cell therapy mostly owing to their anti-fibrotic and immunoregulatory properties that have been suggested to be at the basis for their regenerative capability. MSCs exert their effects by releasing a variety of biologically active molecules such as growth factors, chemokines, and cytokines, either as soluble proteins or enclosed in extracellular vesicles (EVs). Analyses of MSC-derived secretome and in particular studies on EVs are attracting great attention from a medical point of view due to their ability to mimic all the therapeutic effects produced by the MSCs (i.e., endogenous tissue repair and regulation of the immune system). MSC-EVs could be advantageous compared with the parental cells because of their specific cargo containing mRNAs, miRNAs, and proteins that can be biologically transferred to recipient cells. MSC-EV storage, transfer, and production are easier; and their administration is also safer than MSC therapy. The skeletal muscle is a very adaptive tissue, but its regenerative potential is altered during acute and chronic conditions. Recent works demonstrate that both MSCs and their secretome are able to help myofiber regeneration enhancing myogenesis and, interestingly, can be manipulated as a novel strategy for therapeutic interventions in muscular diseases like muscular dystrophies or atrophy. In particular, MSC-EVs represent promising candidates for cell free-based muscle regeneration. In this review, we aim to give a complete picture of the therapeutic properties and advantages of MSCs and their products (MSC-derived EVs and secreted factors) relevant for skeletal muscle regeneration in main muscular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martina Sandonà
- Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Fondazione Santa Lucia, Rome, Italy
| | - Lorena Di Pietro
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e Sanità Pubblica, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Federica Esposito
- Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Fondazione Santa Lucia, Rome, Italy
| | - Alessia Ventura
- Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Fondazione Santa Lucia, Rome, Italy
| | - Antonietta Rosa Silini
- Centro di Ricerca "E. Menni", Fondazione Poliambulanza - Istituto Ospedaliero, Brescia, Italy
| | - Ornella Parolini
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e Sanità Pubblica, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy.,Fondazione Policlinico Universitario "Agostino Gemelli" IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Valentina Saccone
- Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Fondazione Santa Lucia, Rome, Italy.,Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e Sanità Pubblica, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Liver transplantation is the gold standard for the treatment of end-stage liver disease. However, a shortage of donor organs, high cost, and surgical complications limit the use of this treatment. Cellular therapies using hepatocytes, hematopoietic stem cells, bone marrow mononuclear cells, and mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are being investigated as alternative treatments to liver transplantation. The purpose of this review is to describe studies using MSC transplantation for liver diseases based on the reported literature and to discuss prospective research designed to improve the efficacy of MSC therapy. RECENT FINDINGS MSCs have several properties that show potential to regenerate injured tissues or organs, such as homing, transdifferentiation, immunosuppression, and cellular protective capacity. Additionally, MSCs can be noninvasively isolated from various tissues and expanded ex vivo in sufficient numbers for clinical evaluation. SUMMARY Currently, there is no approved MSC therapy for the treatment of liver disease. However, MSC therapy is considered a promising alternative treatment for end-stage liver diseases and is reported to improve liver function safely with no side effects. Further robust preclinical and clinical studies will be needed to improve the therapeutic efficacy of MSC transplantation.
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Chen J, Zheng CX, Jin Y, Hu CH. Mesenchymal stromal cell-mediated immune regulation: A promising remedy in the therapy of type 2 diabetes mellitus. STEM CELLS (DAYTON, OHIO) 2021; 39:838-852. [PMID: 33621403 DOI: 10.1002/stem.3357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2020] [Accepted: 02/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a major threat to global public health, with increasing prevalence as well as high morbidity and mortality, to which immune dysfunction has been recognized as a crucial contributor. Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs), obtained from various sources and possessing potent immunomodulatory abilities, have displayed great therapeutic potential for T2DM. Interestingly, the immunomodulatory capabilities of MSCs are endowed and plastic. Among the multiple mechanisms involved in MSC-mediated immune regulation, the paracrine effects of MSCs have attracted much attention. Of note, extracellular vesicles (EVs), an important component of MSC secretome, have emerged as pivotal mediators of their immunoregulatory effects. Particularly, the necrobiology of MSCs, especially apoptosis, has recently been revealed to affect their immunomodulatory functions in vivo. In specific, a variety of preclinical studies have demonstrated the beneficial effects of MSCs on improving islet function and ameliorating insulin resistance. More importantly, clinical trials have further uncovered the therapeutic potential of MSCs for T2DM. In this review, we outline current knowledge regarding the plasticity and underlying mechanisms of MSC-mediated immune modulation, focusing on the paracrine effects. We also summarize the applications of MSC-based therapies for T2DM in both preclinical studies and clinical trials, with particular emphasis on the modulation of immune system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases and Shaanxi International Joint Research Center for Oral Diseases,Center for Tissue Engineering, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, People's Republic of China.,Department of Oral Implantology, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, People's Republic of China
| | - Chen-Xi Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases and Shaanxi International Joint Research Center for Oral Diseases,Center for Tissue Engineering, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases and Shaanxi International Joint Research Center for Oral Diseases,Center for Tissue Engineering, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, People's Republic of China
| | - Cheng-Hu Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases and Shaanxi International Joint Research Center for Oral Diseases,Center for Tissue Engineering, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, People's Republic of China.,Xi'an Institute of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Xi'an, People's Republic of China
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Castelli V, Antonucci I, d'Angelo M, Tessitore A, Zelli V, Benedetti E, Ferri C, Desideri G, Borlongan C, Stuppia L, Cimini A. Neuroprotective effects of human amniotic fluid stem cells-derived secretome in an ischemia/reperfusion model. Stem Cells Transl Med 2021; 10:251-266. [PMID: 33027557 PMCID: PMC7848376 DOI: 10.1002/sctm.20-0268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2020] [Revised: 08/03/2020] [Accepted: 08/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Stem cells offer the basis for the promotion of robust new therapeutic approaches for a variety of human disorders. There are still many limitations to be overcome before clinical therapeutic application, including a better understanding of the mechanism by which stem cell therapies may lead to enhanced recovery. In vitro investigations are necessary to dissect the mechanisms involved and to support the potential development in stem cell-based therapies. In spite of growing interest in human amniotic fluid stem cells, not much is known about the characteristics of their secretome and regarding the potential neuroprotective mechanism in different pathologies, including stroke. To get more insight on amniotic fluid cells therapeutic potential, signal transduction pathways activated by human amniotic fluid stem cells (hAFSCs)-derived secretome in a stroke in vitro model (ischemia/reperfusion [I/R] model) were investigated by Western blot. Moreover, miRNA expression in the exosomal fraction of the conditioned medium was analyzed. hAFSCs-derived secretome was able to activate pro-survival and anti-apoptotic pathways. MicroRNA analysis in the exosomal component revealed a panel of 16 overexpressed miRNAs involved in the regulation of coherent signaling pathways. In particular, the pathways of relevance in ischemia/reperfusion, such as neurotrophin signaling, and those related to neuroprotection and neuronal cell death, were analyzed. The results obtained strongly point toward the neuroprotective effects of the hAFSCs-conditioned medium in the in vitro stroke model here analyzed. This can be achieved by the modulation and activation of pro-survival processes, at least in part, due to the activity of secreted miRNAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa Castelli
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental SciencesUniversity of L'AquilaL'AquilaItaly
| | - Ivana Antonucci
- Department of Psychological, Health and Territorial Sciences, School of Medicine and Health Sciences“G. d'Annunzio” UniversityChieti‐PescaraItaly
- Center for Advanced Studies and Technology (CAST)‘G. d'Annunzio’ UniversityChieti‐PescaraItaly
| | - Michele d'Angelo
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental SciencesUniversity of L'AquilaL'AquilaItaly
| | - Alessandra Tessitore
- Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences (DISCAB)University of L'AquilaL'AquilaItaly
| | - Veronica Zelli
- Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences (DISCAB)University of L'AquilaL'AquilaItaly
| | - Elisabetta Benedetti
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental SciencesUniversity of L'AquilaL'AquilaItaly
| | - Claudio Ferri
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental SciencesUniversity of L'AquilaL'AquilaItaly
| | | | - Cesar Borlongan
- Department of Neurosurgery and Brain Repair, Center of Excellence for Aging and Brain RepairUniversity of South Florida College of MedicineTampaFloridaUSA
| | - Liborio Stuppia
- Department of Psychological, Health and Territorial Sciences, School of Medicine and Health Sciences“G. d'Annunzio” UniversityChieti‐PescaraItaly
- Center for Advanced Studies and Technology (CAST)‘G. d'Annunzio’ UniversityChieti‐PescaraItaly
| | - Annamaria Cimini
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental SciencesUniversity of L'AquilaL'AquilaItaly
- Sbarro Institute for Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine and Centre for BiotechnologyTemple UniversityPhiladelphiaPennsylvaniaUSA
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Mahmood A, Seetharaman R, Kshatriya P, Patel D, Srivastava AS. Stem Cell Transplant for Advanced Stage Liver Disorders: Current Scenario and Future Prospects. Curr Med Chem 2021; 27:6276-6293. [PMID: 31584360 DOI: 10.2174/0929867326666191004161802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2019] [Revised: 09/11/2019] [Accepted: 09/22/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic Liver Disorders (CLD), caused by the lifestyle patterns like alcoholism or by non-alcoholic fatty liver disease or because of virus-mediated hepatitis, affect a large population fraction across the world. CLD progresses into end-stage diseases with a high mortality rate. Liver transplant is the only approved treatment available for such end-stage disease patients. However, the number of liver transplants is limited due to the limited availability of suitable donors and the extremely high cost of performing the procedure. Under such circumstances, Stem Cell (SC) mediated liver regeneration has emerged as a potential therapeutic alternative approach. OBJECTIVE This review aims to critically analyze the current status and future prospects of stem cellbased interventions for end-stage liver diseases. The clinical studies undertaken, the mechanism underlying therapeutic effects and future directions have been examined. METHOD The clinical trial databases were searched at https://clinicaltrials.gov.in and http://www.isrctn.com to identify randomized, non-randomized and controlled studies undertaken with keywords such as "liver disorder and Mesenchymal Stem Cells (MSCs)", "liver cirrhosis and MSCs" and "liver disorder and SCs". Furthermore, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/ database was also explored with similar keywords for finding the available reports and their critical analyses. RESULTS The search results yielded a significant number of studies that used bone marrow-derived stem cells, MSCs and hepatocytes. The studies clearly indicated that SCs play a key role in the hepatoprotection process by some mechanisms involving anti-inflammation, auto-immune-suppression, angiogenesis and anti-apoptosis. Further, studies indicated that SCs derived paracrine factors promote angiogenesis, reduce inflammation and inhibit hepatocyte apoptosis. CONCLUSION The SC-based interventions provide a significant improvement in patients with CLD; however, there is a need for randomized, controlled studies with the analysis of a long-term follow-up.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Anand S Srivastava
- Global Institute of Stem Cell Therapy and Research, 4660 La Jolla Village Drive, San Diego, CA 92122, United States
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46
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Hypoxia-induced amniotic fluid stem cell secretome augments cardiomyocyte proliferation and enhances cardioprotective effects under hypoxic-ischemic conditions. Sci Rep 2021; 11:163. [PMID: 33420256 PMCID: PMC7794288 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-80326-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2020] [Accepted: 12/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Secretome derived from human amniotic fluid stem cells (AFSC-S) is rich in soluble bioactive factors (SBF) and offers untapped therapeutic potential for regenerative medicine while avoiding putative cell-related complications. Characterization and optimal generation of AFSC-S remains challenging. We hypothesized that modulation of oxygen conditions during AFSC-S generation enriches SBF and confers enhanced regenerative and cardioprotective effects on cardiovascular cells. We collected secretome at 6-hourly intervals up to 30 h following incubation of AFSC in normoxic (21%O2, nAFSC-S) and hypoxic (1%O2, hAFSC-S) conditions. Proliferation of human adult cardiomyocytes (hCM) and umbilical cord endothelial cells (HUVEC) incubated with nAFSC-S or hAFSC-S were examined following culture in normoxia or hypoxia. Lower AFSC counts and richer protein content in AFSC-S were observed in hypoxia. Characterization of AFSC-S by multiplex immunoassay showed higher concentrations of pro-angiogenic and anti-inflammatory SBF. hCM demonstrated highest proliferation with 30h-hAFSC-S in hypoxic culture. The cardioprotective potential of concentrated 30h-hAFSC-S treatment was demonstrated in a myocardial ischemia–reperfusion injury mouse model by infarct size and cell apoptosis reduction and cell proliferation increase when compared to saline treatment controls. Thus, we project that hypoxic-generated AFSC-S, with higher pro-angiogenic and anti-inflammatory SBF, can be harnessed and refined for tailored regenerative applications in ischemic cardiovascular disease.
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Kingsbury C, Stuppia L. Stem cell secretome derived from human amniotic fluid affords neuroprotection in an ischemic model. Brain Circ 2021; 7:18-22. [PMID: 34084972 PMCID: PMC8057106 DOI: 10.4103/bc.bc_8_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2020] [Revised: 01/03/2021] [Accepted: 01/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Human amniotic fluid stem cells (hAFSCs) are growing in interest; yet, little is understood about their secretome and neuroprotective actions in different diseases, including stroke. When stem cells are grown in vitro, they release an array of cytokines and growth factors that can stimulate neuroprotective processes. Furthermore, administering secretome rather than cells may be a safer route for patients who are at risk for rejection, promoting innate restorative processes. Current literature implicates that the miRNA contents of such secretome, more specifically exosomes, may regulate the effectiveness of secretome administration. In this review, we explore what factors may promote pro-survival and pro-apoptotic pathways after the administration of hAFSCs-derived secretome in ischemic models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chase Kingsbury
- Judy Genshaft Honors College, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
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48
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Mohammadi B, Esmaeilizadeh Z, Rajabibazl M, Ghaderian SMH, Omrani MD, Fazeli Z. Preconditioning of human adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells with HEK293-coditioned media can influence on the expression of BMP2, BMP6 and BMP11: Potential application in the treatment of renal lesions. GENE REPORTS 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.genrep.2020.100912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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49
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Jin Y, Wang H, Yi K, Lv S, Hu H, Li M, Tao Y. Applications of Nanobiomaterials in the Therapy and Imaging of Acute Liver Failure. NANO-MICRO LETTERS 2020; 13:25. [PMID: 34138224 PMCID: PMC8187515 DOI: 10.1007/s40820-020-00550-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2020] [Accepted: 10/22/2020] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
This review focuses on the therapeutic mechanisms, targeting strategies of various nanomaterials in acute liver failure, and recent advances of diverse nanomaterials for acute liver failure therapy, diagnosis, and imaging. This review provides an outlook on the applications of nanomaterials, especially on the new horizons in acute liver failure therapy, and inspires broader interests across various disciplines. Acute liver failure (ALF), a fatal clinical disease featured with overwhelming hepatocyte necrosis, is a grand challenge in global health. However, a satisfactory therapeutic option for curing ALF is still absent, other than liver transplantation. Nanobiomaterials are currently being developed for the diagnosis and treatment of ALF. The liver can sequester most of nanoparticles from blood circulation, which becomes an intrinsic superiority for nanobiomaterials targeting hepatic diseases. Nanobiomaterials can enhance the bioavailability of free drugs, thereby significantly improving the therapeutic effects in ALF. Nanobiomaterials can also increase the liver accumulation of therapeutic agents and enable more effective targeting of the liver or specific liver cells. In addition, stimuli-responsive, optical, or magnetic nanomaterials exhibit great potential in the therapeutical, diagnostic, and imaging applications in ALF. Therefore, therapeutic agents in combination with nanobiomaterials increase the specificity of ALF therapy, diminish adverse systemic effects, and offer a multifunctional theranostic platform. Nanobiomaterial holds excellent significance and prospects in ALF theranostics. In this review, we summarize the therapeutic mechanisms and targeting strategies of various nanobiomaterials in ALF. We highlight recent developments of diverse nanomedicines for ALF therapy, diagnosis, and imaging. Furthermore, the challenges and future perspectives in the theranostics of ALF are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Jin
- Laboratory of Biomaterials and Translational Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510630, People's Republic of China
| | - Haixia Wang
- Laboratory of Biomaterials and Translational Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510630, People's Republic of China
| | - Ke Yi
- Laboratory of Biomaterials and Translational Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510630, People's Republic of China
| | - Shixian Lv
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
| | - Hanze Hu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY, 10027, USA
| | - Mingqiang Li
- Laboratory of Biomaterials and Translational Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510630, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yu Tao
- Laboratory of Biomaterials and Translational Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510630, People's Republic of China.
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50
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Yang X, Meng Y, Han Z, Ye F, Wei L, Zong C. Mesenchymal stem cell therapy for liver disease: full of chances and challenges. Cell Biosci 2020; 10:123. [PMID: 33117520 PMCID: PMC7590738 DOI: 10.1186/s13578-020-00480-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2020] [Accepted: 10/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Liver disease is a major health problem that endangers human health worldwide. Currently, whole organ allograft transplantation is the gold standard for the treatment of end-stage liver disease. A shortage of suitable organs, high costs and surgical complications limit the application of liver transplantation. Mesenchymal stem cell therapy has been considered as a promising alternative approach for end-stage liver disease. Some clinical trials have confirmed the effectiveness of MSC therapy for liver disease, but its application has not been promoted and approved. There are still many issues that should be solved prior to using MSC therapy in clinical applications. The types of liver disease that are most suitable for MSC application should be determined, and the preparation and engraftment of MSCs should be standardized. These may be bottlenecks that limit the use of MSCs. We investigated 22 completed and several ongoing clinical trials to discuss these questions from a clinical perspective. We also discussed the important mechanisms by which MSCs play a therapeutic role in liver disease. Finally, we also proposed novel prospective approaches that can improve the therapeutic effect of MSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Yang
- Tumor Immunology and Gene Therapy Center, Shanghai Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, 225 Changhai Road, Shanghai, 200438 China
| | - Yan Meng
- Tumor Immunology and Gene Therapy Center, Shanghai Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, 225 Changhai Road, Shanghai, 200438 China
| | - Zhipeng Han
- Tumor Immunology and Gene Therapy Center, Shanghai Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, 225 Changhai Road, Shanghai, 200438 China
| | - Fei Ye
- Tumor Immunology and Gene Therapy Center, Shanghai Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, 225 Changhai Road, Shanghai, 200438 China
| | - Lixin Wei
- Tumor Immunology and Gene Therapy Center, Shanghai Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, 225 Changhai Road, Shanghai, 200438 China
| | - Chen Zong
- Tumor Immunology and Gene Therapy Center, Shanghai Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, 225 Changhai Road, Shanghai, 200438 China
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