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Shiroshita A, Yamamoto N, Saka N, Shiba H, Toki S, Yamamoto M, Dohi E, Kataoka Y. Expanding the Scope: In-depth Review of Interaction in Regression Models. ANNALS OF CLINICAL EPIDEMIOLOGY 2023; 6:25-32. [PMID: 38606039 PMCID: PMC11006550 DOI: 10.37737/ace.24005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/13/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Akihiro Shiroshita
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine
- Scientific Research Works Peer Support Group (SRWS-PSG)
| | - Norio Yamamoto
- Scientific Research Works Peer Support Group (SRWS-PSG)
- Department of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University
| | - Natsumi Saka
- Scientific Research Works Peer Support Group (SRWS-PSG)
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence & Impact, McMaster University
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Teikyo University School of Medicine
| | - Hiroshi Shiba
- Department of Internal Medicine, Suwa Central Hospital
| | - Shinji Toki
- Division of Allergy, Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine
| | - Mari Yamamoto
- Department of Rheumatology and Nephrology,Chubu Rosai Hospital
| | - Eisuke Dohi
- Department of Mental Disorder Research, National Institute of Neuroscience, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry
| | - Yuki Kataoka
- Department of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kyoto Min-Iren Asukai Hospital
- Section of Clinical Epidemiology, Department of Community Medicine, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine
- Department of Healthcare Epidemiology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine/Public Health
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Yang X, Cheng B, Yang J, Cheng S, Pan C, Zhao Y, Zhang H, Liu L, Meng P, Zhang J, Zhang Z, Li C, Chen Y, He D, Wen Y, Jia Y, Liu H, Zhang F. Assessing the interaction effects of brain structure longitudinal changes and life environmental factors on depression and anxiety. Hum Brain Mapp 2023; 44:1227-1238. [PMID: 36416531 PMCID: PMC9875931 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.26153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2022] [Revised: 10/16/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Disrupted brain structures and several life environmental factors have been shown to influence depression and anxiety, but their interactions with anxiety and depression remain elusive. Genome-wide association study datasets of 15 brain structure longitudinal changes (N = 15,640) were obtained from the published study. Genotype and phenotype-related data of depression, anxiety, and life environmental factors (including smoking, alcohol drinking, coffee intake, maternal smoking, physical activity, vitamin D, insomnia, sleep duration, and family satisfaction) were collected from UK Biobank. We calculated the polygenic risk scores (PRS) of 15 brain structure changes and then conducted linear regression analyses to explore the interactions of brain structure changes and life environmental factors on depression and anxiety using 15 brain structure change-related PRS, life environmental factors and interactions of them as instrumental variables, and depression score or anxiety score as outcomes. Sex stratification in all analyses was performed to reveal sex-specific differences in the interactions. We found 14 shared interactions related to both depression and anxiety in total sample, such as alcohol drinking × cerebellum white matter 3 (WM; beta = -.003, p = .018 for depression; beta = -003, p = .008 for anxiety) and maternal smoking × nucleus accumbens 2 (beta = .088, p = .002 for depression; beta = .070, p = .008 for anxiety). We also observed sex-specific differences in the interactions, for instance, alcohol drinking × cerebellum WM 3 was negatively associated with depression and anxiety in males (beta = -.004, p = .020 for depression; beta = -.005, p = .002 for anxiety). Our study results reveal the important interactions between brain structure changes and several life environmental factors on depression and anxiety, which may help to explore the pathogenesis of depression and anxiety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuena Yang
- Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases of National Health and Family Planning Commission, School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, China
| | - Bolun Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases of National Health and Family Planning Commission, School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, China
| | - Jian Yang
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Shiqiang Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases of National Health and Family Planning Commission, School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, China
| | - Chuyu Pan
- Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases of National Health and Family Planning Commission, School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, China
| | - Yijing Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases of National Health and Family Planning Commission, School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, China
| | - Huijie Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases of National Health and Family Planning Commission, School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, China
| | - Li Liu
- Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases of National Health and Family Planning Commission, School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, China
| | - Peilin Meng
- Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases of National Health and Family Planning Commission, School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, China
| | - Jingxi Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases of National Health and Family Planning Commission, School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, China
| | - Zhen Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases of National Health and Family Planning Commission, School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, China
| | - Chun'e Li
- Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases of National Health and Family Planning Commission, School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, China
| | - Yujing Chen
- Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases of National Health and Family Planning Commission, School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, China
| | - Dan He
- Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases of National Health and Family Planning Commission, School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, China
| | - Yan Wen
- Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases of National Health and Family Planning Commission, School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, China
| | - Yumeng Jia
- Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases of National Health and Family Planning Commission, School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, China
| | - Huan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases of National Health and Family Planning Commission, School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, China
| | - Feng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases of National Health and Family Planning Commission, School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, China.,Department of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
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Machlitt-Northen S, Keers R, Munroe PB, Howard DM, Pluess M. Polygenic risk scores for schizophrenia and major depression are associated with socio-economic indicators of adversity in two British community samples. Transl Psychiatry 2022; 12:477. [PMID: 36376270 PMCID: PMC9663827 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-022-02247-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Revised: 10/26/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Schizophrenia (SCZ) and major depressive disorder (MDD) are complex psychiatric disorders which contribute substantially to the global burden of disease. Both psychopathologies are heritable with some genetic overlap between them. Importantly, SCZ and MDD have also been found to be associated with environmental risk factors. However, rather than being independent of genetic influences, exposure to environmental risk factors may be under genetic control, known as gene-environment correlation (rGE). In this study we investigated rGE in relation to polygenic risk scores for SCZ and MDD in adults, derived from large genome-wide association studies, across two different British community samples: Understanding Society (USoc) and the National Child Development Study (NCDS). We tested whether established environmental risk factors for SCZ and/or MDD are correlated with polygenic scores in adults and whether these associations differ between the two disorders and cohorts. Findings partially overlapped between disorders and cohorts. In NCDS, we identified a significant correlation between the genetic risk for MDD and an indicator of low socio-economic status, but no significant findings emerged for SCZ. In USoc, we replicated associations between indicators of low socio-economic status and the genetic propensity for MDD. In addition, we identified associations between the genetic susceptibility for SCZ and being single or divorced. Results across both studies provide further evidence that the genetic risk for SCZ and MDD were associated with common environmental risk factors, specifically MDD's association with lower socio-economic status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Machlitt-Northen
- grid.4868.20000 0001 2171 1133Department of Biological and Experimental Psychology, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Robert Keers
- grid.4868.20000 0001 2171 1133Department of Biological and Experimental Psychology, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Patricia B. Munroe
- grid.4868.20000 0001 2171 1133Department of Clinical Pharmacology, William Harvey Research Institute, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, London, UK
| | - David M. Howard
- grid.13097.3c0000 0001 2322 6764Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, King’s College London, London, UK ,grid.4305.20000 0004 1936 7988Division of Psychiatry, University of Edinburgh, Royal Edinburgh Hospital, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Michael Pluess
- Department of Biological and Experimental Psychology, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK.
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Gram IT, Skeie G, Oyeyemi SO, Borch KB, Hopstock LA, Løchen ML. A Smartphone-Based Information Communication Technology Solution for Primary Modifiable Risk Factors for Noncommunicable Diseases: Pilot and Feasibility Study in Norway. JMIR Form Res 2022; 6:e33636. [PMID: 35212636 PMCID: PMC8917437 DOI: 10.2196/33636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Revised: 12/09/2021] [Accepted: 12/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Cardiovascular diseases, cancers, chronic respiratory diseases, and diabetes are the 4 main noncommunicable diseases. These noncommunicable diseases share 4 modifiable risk factors (tobacco use, harmful use of alcohol, physical inactivity, and unhealthy diet). Short smartphone surveys have the potential to identify modifiable risk factors for individuals to monitor trends. Objective We aimed to pilot a smartphone-based information communication technology solution to collect nationally representative data, annually, on 4 modifiable risk factors. Methods We developed an information communication technology solution with functionalities for capturing sensitive data from smartphones, receiving, and handling data in accordance with general data protection regulations. The main survey comprised 26 questions: 8 on socioeconomic factors, 17 on the 4 risk factors, and 1 about current or previous noncommunicable diseases. For answers to the continuous questions, a keyboard was displayed for entering numbers; there were preset upper and lower limits for acceptable response values. For categorical questions, pull-down menus with response options were displayed. The second survey comprised 9 yes-or-no questions. For both surveys, we used SMS text messaging. For the main survey, we invited 11,000 individuals, aged 16 to 69 years, selected randomly from the Norwegian National Population Registry (1000 from each of the 11 counties). For the second survey, we invited a random sample of 100 individuals from each county who had not responded to the main survey. All data, except county of residence, were self-reported. We calculated the distribution for socioeconomic background, tobacco use, diet, physical activity, and health condition factors overall and by sex. Results The response rate was 21.9% (2303/11,000; women: 1397/2263; 61.7%, men: 866/2263, 38.3%; missing: 40/2303, 1.7%). The median age for men was 52 years (IQR 40-61); the median age for women was 48 years (IQR 35-58). The main reported reason for nonparticipation in the main survey was that the sender of the initial SMS was unknown. Conclusions We successfully developed and piloted a smartphone-based information communication technology solution for collecting data on the 4 modifiable risk factors for the 4 main noncommunicable diseases. Approximately 1 in 5 invitees responded; thus, these data may not be nationally representative. The smartphone-based information communication technology solution should be further developed with the long-term goal to reduce premature mortality from the 4 main noncommunicable diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inger Torhild Gram
- Norwegian Centre for E-health Research, University Hospital of North Norway, Tromsø, Norway.,Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Guri Skeie
- Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Sunday Oluwafemi Oyeyemi
- Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Kristin Benjaminsen Borch
- Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Laila Arnesdatter Hopstock
- Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Maja-Lisa Løchen
- Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
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