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Anuthama K, Prasad H, Ramani P, Premkumar P, Natesan A, Sherlin HJ. Genetic alterations in syndromes with oral manifestations. Dent Res J (Isfahan) 2013; 10:713-22. [PMID: 24379857 PMCID: PMC3872620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Ever since Gregor Johan Mendel proposed the law of inheritance, genetics has transcended the field of health and has entered all walks of life in its application. Thus, the gene is the pivoting factor for all happenings revolving around it. Knowledge of gene mapping in various diseases would be a valuable tool in prenatally diagnosing the condition and averting the future disability and stigma for the posterity. This article includes an array of genetically determined conditions in patients seen at our college out-patient department with complete manifestation, partial manifestation and array of manifestations not fitting into a particular syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krishnamurthy Anuthama
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, KSR Institute of Dental Science and Research, Tiruchengode, India
| | - Harikrishnan Prasad
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, KSR Institute of Dental Science and Research, Tiruchengode, India
| | - Pratibha Ramani
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, College of Dental Surgery, Saveetha University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Priya Premkumar
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, College of Dental Surgery, Saveetha University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Anuja Natesan
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, College of Dental Surgery, Saveetha University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Herald J. Sherlin
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, College of Dental Surgery, Saveetha University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
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2
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Nemet AY, Assia EI, Apple DJ, Barequet IS. Current concepts of ocular manifestations in Marfan syndrome. Surv Ophthalmol 2006; 51:561-75. [PMID: 17134646 DOI: 10.1016/j.survophthal.2006.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Marfan syndrome is a widespread disorder of connective tissue. It is characterized by systemic and ocular features due to mutations in the fibrillin gene. Awareness and prompt recognition of the ocular complications of Marfan syndrome may enable improvement and preservation of sight. Studies have been performed in the last few years that enable a better understanding of the genetics of the syndrome, earlier diagnosis, and improvement in the surgical techniques and options.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arie Y Nemet
- Department of Ophthalmology, Sapir Medical Center, Kfar Sava, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Israel
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3
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Baumgartner C, Mátyás G, Steinmann B, Eberle M, Stein JI, Baumgartner D. A bioinformatics framework for genotype–phenotype correlation in humans with Marfan syndrome caused by FBN1 gene mutations. J Biomed Inform 2006; 39:171-83. [PMID: 16061422 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbi.2005.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2005] [Revised: 06/01/2005] [Accepted: 06/01/2005] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Mutations in the human FBN1 gene are known to be associated with the Marfan syndrome, an autosomal dominant inherited multi-systemic connective tissue disorder. However, in the absence of solid genotype-phenotype correlations, the identification of an FBN1 mutation has only little prognostic value. We propose a bioinformatics framework for the mutated FBN1 gene which comprises the collection, management, and analysis of mutation data identified by molecular genetic analysis (DHPLC) and data of the clinical phenotype. To query our database at different levels of information, a relational data model, describing mutational events at the cDNA and protein levels, and the disease's phenotypic expression from two alternative views, was implemented. For database similarity requests, a query model which uses a distance measure based on log-likelihood weights for each clinical manifestation, was introduced. A data mining strategy for discovering diagnostic markers, classification and clustering of phenotypic expressions was provided which enabled us to confirm some known and to identify some new genotype-phenotype correlations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Baumgartner
- Research Group for Clinical Bioinformatics, University for Health Sciences, Medical Informatics and Technology, A-6060 Hall in Tyrol, Austria.
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4
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Judge DP, Biery NJ, Dietz HC. Characterization of microsatellite markers flanking FBN1: utility in the diagnostic evaluation for Marfan syndrome. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF MEDICAL GENETICS 2001; 99:39-47. [PMID: 11170092 DOI: 10.1002/1096-8628(20010215)99:1<39::aid-ajmg1114>3.0.co;2-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Marfan syndrome (MFS) is an autosomal dominant disorder of connective tissue with marked interfamilial and intrafamilial variation in phenotype. The primary defect in affected patients resides in the gene for fibrillin-1 (FBN1) on 15q21. Linkage analysis has shown no locus heterogeneity in the classic phenotype, although substantial allelic heterogeneity exists. Recently it has been shown that the size of the gene is approximately 200 kb. These and other factors have precluded routine mutation screening for presymptomatic and prenatal diagnosis. Previously we described four intragenic microsatellite polymorphisms that can be used for haplotype segregation analysis. The utility of this approach is limited because the markers do not fully span the gene and show incomplete informativeness, with 16% homozygosity for the most common haplotype. We have now identified and localized highly polymorphic microsatellite markers that fall within 1 Mb of FBN1. Complete haplotype heterozygosity was observed in a population of 50 unrelated control individuals when the flanking markers and existing intragenic polymorphisms were used in combination. We demonstrate the utility of haplotype segregation analysis in the presymptomatic diagnosis and counseling of families showing atypical or equivocal manifestations of MFS.
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Affiliation(s)
- D P Judge
- Department of Medicine, Institute of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 1720 Rutland Avenue, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
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5
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Hayward C, Porteous ME, Brock DJ. Mutation screening of all 65 exons of the fibrillin-1 gene in 60 patients with Marfan syndrome: report of 12 novel mutations. Hum Mutat 2000; 10:280-9. [PMID: 9338581 DOI: 10.1002/(sici)1098-1004(1997)10:4<280::aid-humu3>3.0.co;2-l] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Mutations in the fibrillin-1 gene on chromosome 15q21.1 have been found to cause Marfan syndrome, a dominantly inherited disorder characterised by clinically variable skeletal, ocular, and cardiovascular abnormalities. In this study we screened all 65 exons of the fibrillin-1 gene in 20 Marfan syndrome families where at least two affected individuals were characterised and available for analysis, another 30 families with only one affected member available for analysis, and in 10 sporadic cases. In large well-characterised families with more than four affected individuals, the detection rate for mutations rose to 78% (7/9), in families with either two or three affected members 27% (3/11). In families where only one affected family member was available, the mutation detection rate was 17% (5/30), and in sporadic cases it was 20% (2/10). In addition, we found eight neutral polymorphisms. Twelve of the 17 disease-causing mutations identified have not been previously described, thus raising the total number of different fibrillin-1 mutations reported to 85 in 94 unrelated cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Hayward
- Human Genetics Unit, Molecular Medicine Centre, University of Edinburgh, Scotland
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6
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Rouillac C, Roche O, Marchant D, Bachner L, Kobetz A, Toulemont PJ, Orssaud C, Urvoy M, Odent S, Le Marec B, Abitbol M, Dufier JL. Mapping of a congenital microcoria locus to 13q31-q32. Am J Hum Genet 1998; 62:1117-22. [PMID: 9545411 PMCID: PMC1377098 DOI: 10.1086/301841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Congenital microcoria is an autosomal dominant disorder characterized by a pupil with a diameter <2 mm. It is thought to be due to a maldevelopment of the dilator pupillae muscle of the iris, and it is associated with juvenile-onset glaucoma. A total genome search for the location of the congenital microcoria gene was launched in a single large family. We found linkage between the disease and markers located on 13q31-q32 (Zmax = 9.79; theta = 0). Haplotype analysis narrowed the linked region to an interval <8 cM between markers D13S1239 proximally and D13S1280 distally.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Rouillac
- Centre de Recherches Thérapeutiques en Ophtalmologie (CERTO), Faculté de Médecine Necker, Paris, France
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7
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Abstract
AIM To examine evolution of the physical characteristics of Marfan's syndrome throughout childhood. METHODS 40 children were ascertained during the development of a regional register for Marfan's syndrome. Evolution of the clinical characteristics was determined by repeat evaluation of 10 patients with sporadic Marfan's syndrome and 30 with a family history of the condition. DNA marker studies were used to facilitate diagnosis in those with the familial condition. RESULTS Musculoskeletal features predominated and evolved throughout childhood. Gene tracking enabled early diagnosis in children with familial Marfan's syndrome. CONCLUSIONS These observations may aid the clinical diagnosis of Marfan's syndrome in childhood, especially in those with the sporadic condition. Gene tracking has a role in the early diagnosis of familial Marfan's syndrome, allowing appropriate follow up and preventive care.
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Affiliation(s)
- K J Lipscomb
- Department of Medical Genetics, St Mary's Hospital, Manchester
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8
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Nijbroek G, Sood S, McIntosh I, Francomano CA, Bull E, Pereira L, Ramirez F, Pyeritz RE, Dietz HC. Fifteen novel FBN1 mutations causing Marfan syndrome detected by heteroduplex analysis of genomic amplicons. Am J Hum Genet 1995; 57:8-21. [PMID: 7611299 PMCID: PMC1801235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Mutations in the gene encoding fibrillin-1 (FBN1), a component of the extracellular microfibril, cause the Marfan syndrome (MFS). This statement is supported by the observations that the classic Marfan phenotype cosegregates with intragenic and/or flanking marker alleles in all families tested and that a significant number of FBN1 mutations have been identified in affected individuals. We have now devised a method to screen the entire coding sequence and flanking splice junctions of FBN1. On completion for a panel of nine probands with classic MFS, six new mutations were identified that accounted for disease in seven (78%) of nine patients. Nine additional new mutations have been characterized in the early stages of a larger screening project. These 15 mutations were equally distributed throughout the gene and, with one exception, were specific to single families. One-third of mutations created premature termination codons, and 6 of 15 substituted residues with putative significance for calcium binding to epidermal growth factor (EGF)-like domains. Mutations causing severe and rapidly progressive disease that presents in the neonatal period can occur in a larger region of the gene than previously demonstrated, and the nature of the mutation is as important a determinant as its location, in predisposing to this phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Nijbroek
- Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
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9
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Collod G, Babron MC, Jondeau G, Coulon M, Weissenbach J, Dubourg O, Bourdarias JP, Bonaïti-Pellié C, Junien C, Boileau C. A second locus for Marfan syndrome maps to chromosome 3p24.2-p25. Nat Genet 1994; 8:264-8. [PMID: 7632217 PMCID: PMC2045693 DOI: 10.1038/ng1194-264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 135] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Marfan syndrome (MFS) is an autosomal dominant connective-tissue disorder characterized by skeletal, ocular and cardiovascular defects of highly variable expressivity. The diagnosis relies solely on clinical criteria requiring anomalies in at least two systems. By excluding the chromosome 15 disease locus, fibrillin 1 (FBN1), in a large French family with typical cardiovascular and skeletal anomalies, we raised the issue of genetic heterogeneity in MFS and the implication of a second locus (MFS2). Linkage analyses, performed in this family, have localized MFS2 to a region of 9 centiMorgans between D3S1293 and D3S1283, at 3p24.2-p25. In this region, the highest lod score was found with D3S2336, of 4.89 (theta = 0.05). By LINKMAP analyses, the most probable position for the second locus in MFS was at D3S2335.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gwenaëlle Collod
- Génétique, chromosome et cancer
INSERM : U383Université René Descartes - Paris VGh Necker - Enfants Malades
149-161, Rue de Sevres
75743 PARIS CEDEX 15,FR
- * Correspondence should be adressed to: Gwenaëlle Collod
| | - Marie-Claude Babron
- Epidémiologie génétique
INSERM : U155Chateau de Longchamp
, Carrefour de Longchamp, Bois de boulogne
75016 PARIS Cedex,FR
| | - Guillaume Jondeau
- Service de Cardiologie
AP-HP Hôpital Ambroise Paré9, avenue Charles-de-Gaulle
92104 Boulogne cedex,FR
| | - Monique Coulon
- Génétique, chromosome et cancer
INSERM : U383Université René Descartes - Paris VGh Necker - Enfants Malades
149-161, Rue de Sevres
75743 PARIS CEDEX 15,FR
| | | | - Olivier Dubourg
- Service de Cardiologie
AP-HP Hôpital Ambroise Paré9, avenue Charles-de-Gaulle
92104 Boulogne cedex,FR
| | - Jean-Pierre Bourdarias
- Service de Cardiologie
AP-HP Hôpital Ambroise Paré9, avenue Charles-de-Gaulle
92104 Boulogne cedex,FR
| | - Catherine Bonaïti-Pellié
- Epidémiologie génétique
INSERM : U155Chateau de Longchamp
, Carrefour de Longchamp, Bois de boulogne
75016 PARIS Cedex,FR
| | - Claudine Junien
- Génétique, chromosome et cancer
INSERM : U383Université René Descartes - Paris VGh Necker - Enfants Malades
149-161, Rue de Sevres
75743 PARIS CEDEX 15,FR
- Laboratoire Central de Biochimie et de Génétique Moléculaire
AP-HP Hôpital Ambroise Paré9 avenue Charles de Gaulle
92104 Boulogne Cedex,FR
| | - Catherine Boileau
- Génétique, chromosome et cancer
INSERM : U383Université René Descartes - Paris VGh Necker - Enfants Malades
149-161, Rue de Sevres
75743 PARIS CEDEX 15,FR
- Laboratoire Central de Biochimie et de Génétique Moléculaire
AP-HP Hôpital Ambroise Paré9 avenue Charles de Gaulle
92104 Boulogne Cedex,FR
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10
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Edwards MJ, Challinor CJ, Colley PW, Roberts J, Partington MW, Hollway GE, Kozman HM, Mulley JC. Clinical and linkage study of a large family with simple ectopia lentis linked to FBN1. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF MEDICAL GENETICS 1994; 53:65-71. [PMID: 7802039 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.1320530114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Simple ectopia lentis (EL) was studied in a large family, by clinical examination and analysis of linkage to markers in the region of FBN1, the gene for fibrillin which causes Marfan syndrome on chromosome 15. No patient had clinical or echocardiographic evidence of Marfan syndrome, although there was a trend towards relatively longer measurements of height; lower segment; arm span; middle finger, hand, and foot length in the affected members of the family, compared with unaffected sibs of the same sex. Analysis of linkage to intragenic FBN1 markers was inconclusive because they were relatively uniformative. Construction of a multipoint background map from the CEPH reference families identified microsatellite markers linked closely to FBN1 which could demonstrate linkage of EL in this family to the FBN1 region. LINKMAP analysis detected a multipoint lod score of 5.68 at D15S119, a marker approximately 6 cM distal to FBN1, and a multipoint lod score of 5.04 at FBN1. The EL gene in this family is likely to be allelic to Marfan syndrome, and molecular characterization of the FBN1 mutation should now be possible.
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Affiliation(s)
- M J Edwards
- Newcastle and Northern New South Wales Genetics Service, Australia
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11
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Pereira L, Levran O, Ramirez F, Lynch JR, Sykes B, Pyeritz RE, Dietz HC. A molecular approach to the stratification of cardiovascular risk in families with Marfan's syndrome. N Engl J Med 1994; 331:148-53. [PMID: 8008028 DOI: 10.1056/nejm199407213310302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The fibrillin gene encodes a protein in the extracellular matrix, and this protein is widely distributed in elastic tissues. The fibrillin gene is the site of mutations causing Marfan's syndrome. This disorder shows a high degree of clinical variability both between and within families. Each family appears to have a unique mutation in the fibrillin gene, which precludes the routine use of mutation screening for presymptomatic diagnosis of the disorder. The goal of this study was to develop a widely applicable method of molecular diagnosis. METHODS We used three newly characterized intragenic sites of normal DNA repeat-sequence variation (i.e., polymorphisms) as markers to follow the inheritance pattern of specific copies (alleles) of the fibrillin gene in multiple kindreds with various clinical features of Marfan's syndrome. RESULTS The polymorphic markers allowed identification of the particular copy of the fibrillin gene that cosegregated with Marfan's syndrome in 13 of the 14 families tested. In 11 families a definite presymptomatic diagnosis of Marfan's syndrome could be made in family members who had only equivocal manifestations of the disorder. In two other families, some family members demonstrated either classic Marfan's syndrome or a milder but closely related phenotype. The copy of the fibrillin gene that cosegregated with classic Marfan's syndrome was not inherited by family members with the latter, atypical, form of the disease. These milder phenotypes, previously diagnosed as Marfan's syndrome, were not associated with aortic involvement. CONCLUSIONS These results document the usefulness of novel polymorphic DNA repeat sequences in the presymptomatic diagnosis of Marfan's syndrome. Our findings also demonstrate that the various clinical phenotypes seen in selected families may be due not to single fibrillin mutations, but rather to different genetic alterations. These findings underscore the need for a modification of the current diagnostic criteria for Marfan's syndrome in order to achieve accurate risk assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Pereira
- Brookdale Center for Molecular Biology, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York
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12
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Hayward C, Porteous ME, Brock DJ. Identification of a novel nonsense mutation in the fibrillin gene (FBN1) using nonisotopic techniques. Hum Mutat 1994; 3:159-62. [PMID: 7911051 DOI: 10.1002/humu.1380030212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- C Hayward
- Human Genetics Unit, University of Edinburgh, Western General Hospital, Scotland
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13
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Godfrey M. Molecular heterogeneity: a clinical dilemma. Clinical heterogeneity: a molecular dilemma. Am J Hum Genet 1993; 53:22-5. [PMID: 8317487 PMCID: PMC1682237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
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14
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Boileau C, Jondeau G, Babron MC, Coulon M, Alexandre JA, Sakai L, Melki J, Delorme G, Dubourg O, Bonaïti-Pellié C. Autosomal dominant Marfan-like connective-tissue disorder with aortic dilation and skeletal anomalies not linked to the fibrillin genes. Am J Hum Genet 1993; 53:46-54. [PMID: 8317497 PMCID: PMC1682251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
We describe a large family with a connective-tissue disorder that exhibits some of the skeletal and cardiovascular features seen in Marfan syndrome. However, none of the 19 affected individuals displayed ocular abnormalities and therefore did not comply with recognized criteria for this disease. These patients could alternatively be diagnosed as MASS (mitral valve, aorta, skeleton, and skin) phenotype patients or represent a distinct clinical entity, i.e., a new autosomal dominant connective-tissue disorder. The fibrillin genes located on chromosomes 15 and 5 are clearly involved in the classic form of Marfan syndrome and a clinically related disorder (congenital contractural arachnodactyly), respectively. To test whether one of these genes was also implicated in this French family, we performed genetic analyses. Blood samples were obtained for 56 family members, and four polymorphic fibrillin gene markers, located on chromosomes 15 (Fib15) and 5 (Fib5), respectively, were tested. Linkage between the disease allele and the markers of these two genes was excluded with lod scores of -11.39 (for Fib15) and -13.34 (for Fib5), at theta = .001, indicating that the mutation is at a different locus. This phenotype thus represents a new connective-tissue disorder, overlapping but different from classic Marfan syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Boileau
- Unité *73 INSERM, Château de Longchamp, Paris, France
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15
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Bowcock AM, Barnes RI, White RL, Kruse TA, Tsipouras P, Sarfarazi M, Jenkins T, Viljoen C, Litt M, Kramer PL. The CEPH consortium linkage map of human chromosome 15q. Genomics 1992; 14:833-40. [PMID: 1478662 DOI: 10.1016/s0888-7543(05)80101-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The CEPH consortium map of chromosome 15q is presented. The map contains 41 loci defined by genotypes generated from CEPH family DNAs with 45 different probe and restriction enzyme combinations contributed by 10 laboratories. A total of 29 loci have been placed on the map with likelihood support of at least 1000:1. The map extends from 15q13 to 15q25-qter. Multipoint linkage analyses provided estimates that the male, female, and sex-averaged maps extend for 127, 190, and 158 cM, respectively. The largest interval is 21 cM and is between D15S37 and D15S74. The on-average locus spacing is 5.6 cM and the mean genetic distance between the 21 uniquely placed loci is 8 cM.
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Affiliation(s)
- A M Bowcock
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas 75235-9063
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16
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Peltonen L, Kainulainen K. Elucidation of the gene defect in Marfan syndrome. Success by two complementary research strategies. FEBS Lett 1992; 307:116-21. [PMID: 1639186 DOI: 10.1016/0014-5793(92)80913-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Marfan syndrome, which is characterized by manifestations in the skeletal, ocular and cardiovascular systems, is one of the most common inherited connective-tissue disorders. The independently performed genetic assignment of the Marfan locus and classical biochemical and immunohistochemical analyses complemented each other in the search for the Marfan gene defect and in 1991 the fibrillin gene in chromosome 15 was identified as the Marfan gene. So far, three mutations leading to the Marfan phenotype have been reported in this gene coding for a microfibrillar protein. The available data suggests a wide spectrum of different mutations of fibrillin and although mutations of the fibrillin gene account for the majority of Marfan cases, evidence also exists for locus heterogeneity in a minority of Marfan cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Peltonen
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics, National Public Health Institute, Helsinki, Finland
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17
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Affiliation(s)
- P Tsipouras
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington 06030
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18
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Dietz HC, Saraiva JM, Pyeritz RE, Cutting GR, Francomano CA. Clustering of fibrillin (FBN1) missense mutations in Marfan syndrome patients at cysteine residues in EGF-like domains. Hum Mutat 1992; 1:366-74. [PMID: 1301946 DOI: 10.1002/humu.1380010504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
The Marfan syndrome is an autosomal dominant heritable disorder of connective tissue with prominent involvement of the ocular, skeletal, and cardiovascular systems. The gene on chromosome 15 encoding fibrillin (FBN1), a 350-kDa glycoprotein component of the extracellular microfibril, is the site of defect in most, if not all cases. Complementary DNA sequence reveals a gene composed largely of epidermal growth factor-like repeats, each containing six predictably spaced cysteine residues. To date, two FBN1 gene missense mutations have been reported. Here we describe the identification of three new missense mutations in the FBN1 gene in patients with the Marfan syndrome. All of the 5 characterized missense mutations occur within the epidermal growth factor-like repeats of the FBN1 gene. In addition, 4 of 5 involve the substitution of cysteine residues and 3 of 5 substitute the third cysteine in the epidermal growth factor-like motif consensus sequence. These data suggest that defined residues within EGF-like domains of FBN1 have particular significance and, when altered, play a pivotal role in expression of the Marfan phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- H C Dietz
- Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21205
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