1
|
Fernández-Hernández L, Navarro-Cobos MJ, Alcántara-Ortigoza MA, Ramos-Ángeles SE, Molina-Álvarez B, Díaz-Cuéllar S, Asch-Daich B, González-Del Angel A. Report of a patient with a de novo non-recurrent duplication of 17p11.2p12 and Yq11 deletion. Mol Cytogenet 2019; 12:35. [PMID: 31388356 PMCID: PMC6670163 DOI: 10.1186/s13039-019-0438-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2019] [Accepted: 05/30/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The 17p11.2p12 locus is an unstable region that is predisposed to several known genomic disorders and non-recurrent rearrangements that yield varied and wide-ranging phenotypes. Nearly 1% of male newborns have deletions in the Y chromosome; these events primarily involve the heterochromatic region, but may extend to euchromatic Yq segments containing azoospermia factor regions. Case presentation We describe the occurrence of two independent chromosomal rearrangements that originated as de novo events in a single male patient: a 10.8-Mb duplication of 17p11.2p12 and a 14.7-Mb deletion of Yq11. This individual shares some clinical characteristics with previously described patients having one or the other of these rearrangements, including global developmental delay, short stature, hypotonia, delayed puberty, certain facial features and a generalized demyelinating sensory-motor polyneuropathy without clinical manifestation. Our patient also presents some features that were not previously described in relevant individuals, including camptodactyly, preauricular pits and hypertrichosis of the back and elbows. Conclusions To our knowledge, this is the first patient to be reported with independent de novo deletion/duplication events involving chromosomes 17 and Y. We discuss possible responsible mechanisms and address the phenotype, particularly in light of the clinical features that were not previously reported for patients bearing a duplication of 17p11.2p12 or a deletion of Yq11. We suggest that some of the previously reported patients with Yq11 deletion and clinical manifestations other than male infertility may have additional chromosomal imbalances that could be identified by chromosome microarray analysis, as illustrated by the present case.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Liliana Fernández-Hernández
- 1Laboratorio de Biología Molecular, Departamento de Genética Humana, Instituto Nacional de Pediatría, Ciudad de México, México
| | - María José Navarro-Cobos
- Centro de Cirugía Especial de México, Institución de Asistencia Privada, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Miguel Angel Alcántara-Ortigoza
- 1Laboratorio de Biología Molecular, Departamento de Genética Humana, Instituto Nacional de Pediatría, Ciudad de México, México.,Centro de Alta Especialidad en Genética Humana, DNA GEN, S.C, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Sandra Elena Ramos-Ángeles
- 4Laboratorio de Citogenética, Departamento de Genética Humana, Instituto Nacional de Pediatría, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Bertha Molina-Álvarez
- 4Laboratorio de Citogenética, Departamento de Genética Humana, Instituto Nacional de Pediatría, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Sinhué Díaz-Cuéllar
- 5Departamento de Genética Humana, Instituto Nacional de Pediatría, Ciudad de México, México
| | | | - Ariadna González-Del Angel
- 1Laboratorio de Biología Molecular, Departamento de Genética Humana, Instituto Nacional de Pediatría, Ciudad de México, México.,Centro de Alta Especialidad en Genética Humana, DNA GEN, S.C, Ciudad de México, México
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Mansoori Derakhshan S, Shekari Khaniani M. Cytogenetic findings in patients with intellectual disability and/or multiple congenital anomalies. J Anal Res Clin Med 2016. [DOI: 10.15171/jarcm.2016.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
|
3
|
Mamoulakis C, Georgiou I, Dimitriadis F, Tsounapi P, Koukos S, Antypas S, Tzortzakakis D, Sofras F, Takenaka A, Sofikitis N. Screening for Y chromosome microdeletions in childhood: lack of evidence for a direct association with testicular maldescent. Andrologia 2012; 45:409-16. [DOI: 10.1111/and.12031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/04/2012] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- C. Mamoulakis
- Department of Urology; School of Medicine; University of Ioannina; Ioannina Greece
- Department of Urology; School of Medicine; University of Crete; Heraklion Crete Greece
| | - I. Georgiou
- Genetics and IVF Unit; Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology; Medical School; University of Ioannina; Ioannina Greece
| | - F. Dimitriadis
- B' Urologic Department; School of Medicine; Aristotle University; Thessaloniki Greece
| | - P. Tsounapi
- Department of Urology; School of Medicine; Tottori University; Yonago Japan
| | - S. Koukos
- Department of Urology; School of Medicine; University of Ioannina; Ioannina Greece
| | - S. Antypas
- First Pediatric Surgery Clinic; Aghia Sophia Children's Hospital; Athens Greece
| | - D. Tzortzakakis
- Department of Urology; School of Medicine; University of Crete; Heraklion Crete Greece
| | - F. Sofras
- Department of Urology; School of Medicine; University of Crete; Heraklion Crete Greece
| | - A. Takenaka
- Department of Urology; School of Medicine; Tottori University; Yonago Japan
| | - N. Sofikitis
- Department of Urology; School of Medicine; University of Ioannina; Ioannina Greece
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Tyson C, Dawson A, Bal S, Tomiuk M, Anderson T, Tucker D, Riordan D, Chudoba I, Morash B, Mhanni A, Chudley A, McGillivray B, Parslow M, Rappold G, Roeth R, Fawcett C, Qiao Y, Harvard C, Rajcan-Separovic E. Molecular cytogenetic investigation of two patients with Y chromosome rearrangements and intellectual disability. Am J Med Genet A 2009; 149A:490-5. [DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.32535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
|
5
|
Gurbuz N, Ozbay B, Aras B, Tasci AI. Do microdeletions in the AZF region of the Y chromosome accompany cryptorchidism in Turkish children? Int Urol Nephrol 2007; 40:577-81. [DOI: 10.1007/s11255-007-9318-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2007] [Accepted: 11/23/2007] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
|
6
|
Ewis AA, Lee J, Naroda T, Sano T, Kagawa S, Iwamoto T, Shinka T, Shinohara Y, Ishikawa M, Baba Y, Nakahori Y. Prostate cancer incidence varies among males from different Y-chromosome lineages. Prostate Cancer Prostatic Dis 2006; 9:303-9. [PMID: 16683011 DOI: 10.1038/sj.pcan.4500876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
The incidence rate of prostate cancer in African-American males is two times higher than Caucasian men and ten times higher than Japanese men. The geographical specificity of Y haplogroups implies that males from different ethnic groups undoubtedly have various Y lineages with different Y-chromosomal characteristics that may affect their susceptibility or resistance to such a male-specific cancer. To confirm this hypothesis we studied the Y-chromosomal haplogroups of 92 Japanese prostate cancer patients comparing them with randomly selected 109 unrelated healthy Japanese male controls who were confirmed to be residents of the same geographical area. Males could be classified using three binary Y-chromosome markers (sex-determining region Y (SRY), YAP, 47z) into four haplogroups DE, O2b(*), O2b1, and untagged group. Our results confirmed that prostate cancer incidence varies among males from different Y-chromosome lineages. Males from DE and the untagged haplogroups are at a significantly higher risk to develop prostate cancer than O2b(*) and O2b1 haplogroups (P=0.01), odds ratio 2.17 and 95% confidence interval (1.16-4.07). Males from haplogroup DE are over-represented in the patient group showing a percentage of 41.3%. The underlying possible causes of susceptibility variations of different Y lineages for such a male-specific cancer tumorigenesis are discussed. These findings explain the lower incidence of prostate cancer in Japanese and other South East Asian males than other populations. To our knowledge, this is the first reliable study examining the association between prostate cancer and Y-chromosomal haplogroups, comparing prostate cancer patients with carefully selected matched controls.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A A Ewis
- Health Technology Research Center, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Hayashi-cho 2217-14, Takamatsu, Japan.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
7
|
Bosse K, Eggermann T, Van der Ven K, Raff R, Engels H, Schwanitz G. Unbalanced translocation 8;Y (45,X,dic(Y;8)(q11.23;p23.1)): case report and review of terminal 8p deletions. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2005; 47:191-7. [PMID: 15183753 DOI: 10.1016/j.anngen.2004.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A boy with a rare unbalanced de novo Y/autosome translocation is presented. Main clinical features in the boy comprised a psychomotor delay, talipes planus, a dolichocephalus, low set and retroverted ears, supraorbital fullness of subcutaneous tissue and a bulbous nasal tip. Chromosomal analysis on amniocytes showed a single X chromosome and a derivative 8p (Karyotype: 45,X,der(8)GTG). The following DAPI staining revealed the inactivated centromere of the chromosome Y located on 8p and the absence of heterochromatic material Yq. Microsatellite analysis on fetal blood DNA using markers between SRY on Yp and DYS 240 on Yq proved presence of the spermatogenetic relevant factors. A terminal deletion of 8p was confirmed by FISH postnatally. Molecular genetic reassessment revealed the monosomy 8p to be of maternal origin; the translocation can thus be proven to have occurred in the zygote. The breakpoint in 8p was localised distal to GATA4, a gene which is involved in heart development; the finding that our patient did not suffer from cardiac problems agrees with the disomic presence of GATA4. Only the application of FISH combined with microsatellite analysis allowed a precise correlation between clinical phenotype and a subtle deletion of terminal 8p; furthermore, a recurrence risk for the parents could be excluded.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- K Bosse
- Institut für Humangenetik, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität, Bonn, Germany
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
8
|
Thomas MA, Desilets V, Halal F, Duncan AMV. The importance of investigating an apparently simple Yq deletion detected prenatally. Prenat Diagn 2005; 25:614-6. [PMID: 16034812 DOI: 10.1002/pd.1117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
|
9
|
|
10
|
|
11
|
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine whether cryptorchidism associated with azoospermia or oligozoospermia may be due to microdeletions of the Y chromosome. DESIGN Controlled clinical study. SETTINGS Division of Medical Genetics and the Andrology Centre, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Medical Center, Ljubljana. PATIENT(S) Ninety men from infertile couples (36 azoospermics, 35 oligozoospermics, and 19 normozoospermics) with a medical history of cryptorchidism. Nineteen excryptorchid patients with cryptorchidism and Y chromosome microdeletions among 3099 patients from 14 publications. INTERVENTION(S) Collection of semen and blood samples. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S) Medical history, testicular volume, sperm characteristics, serum FSH levels, testicular histology, presence or absence of Y chromosome microdeletions, including all known Y chromosome genes/gene families in the azoospermia factor (AZF) region. RESULT(S) Deletions of the Y chromosome were found in 2 out of 71 cryptorchid patients with azoospermia or oligozoospermia (2.8%). The literature review showed that the incidence of microdeletions in infertile patients with cryptorchidism is lower in comparison with the general population of infertile men (4.9% vs. 8.1%), and that the frequency of cryptorchidism in patients with Y chromosome deletions (6 out of 103, 5.8%) is significantly lower in comparison to infertile patients without deletions (178 out of 1141, 15.6%). CONCLUSION(S) No causal relation exists between Y chromosome microdeletions and cryptorchidism.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tanja Kunej
- Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Medical Center, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
12
|
Abstract
Turner syndrome is hypothesized to result from haplo-insufficiency of a gene or perhaps multiple genes present on the sex chromosomes; however, the frequent association of mosaicism with deletions of the sex chromosomes prevents establishing useful genotype/phenotype correlations. In this clinical report, we present a male with a de novo, non-mosaic deletion of the Y-chromosome. The phenotype of this patient is unlike any similar cases previously reported in the literature. This patient exhibits many classical clinical features of Turner syndrome including short stature, characteristic facial anomalies, and webbed neck with low posterior hairline, aortic valve abnormality, and hearing impairment. Detailed molecular characterization of this deleted Y-chromosome could provide important information towards establishing genotype/phenotype correlations in Turner syndrome.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- B H Graham
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
13
|
Stankiewicz P, Hélias-Rodzewicz Z, Jakubów-Durska K, Bocian E, Obersztyn E, Rappold GA, Mazurczak T. Cytogenetic and molecular characterization of two isodicentric Y chromosomes. Am J Med Genet 2001; 101:20-5. [PMID: 11343332 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.1304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
We report the results of detailed molecular-cytogenetic studies of two isodicentric Y [idic(Y)] chromosomes identified in patients with complex mosaic karyotypes. We used fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to determine the structure and genetic content of the abnormal chromosomes. In the first patient, classical cytogenetics and FISH analysis with Y chromosome-specific probes showed in peripheral blood lymphocytes a karyotype with 4 cell lines: 45,X[128]/46,X,+idic(Y)(p11.32)[65]/47,XY,+idic(Y)(p11.32)[2]/47,X,+2idic(Y)(p11.32)[1]. No Y chromosome material was found in the removed gonads. For precise characterization of the Yp breakpoint, FISH and fiberFISH analysis, using a telomeric probe and a panel of cosmid probes from the pseudoautosomal region PAR1, was performed. The results showed that the breakpoint maps approximately 1,000 Kb from Ypter. The second idic(Y) chromosome was found in a boy with mild mental retardation, craniofacial anomalies, and the karyotype in lymphocytes 47,X,+idic(Y)(q11.23),+i(Y)(p10)[77]/46,X,+i(Y)(p10)[23]. To our knowledge, such an association has not been previously described. FISH and PCR analysis indicated the presence of at least two copies of the SRY gene in all analyzed cells. Using 17 PCR primers, the Yq breakpoint was shown to map between sY123 (DYS214) and sY121 (DYS212) loci in interval 5O in AZFb region. Possible mechanisms of formation of abnormal Y chromosomes and karyotype-phenotype correlations are discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- P Stankiewicz
- Department of Medical Genetics, Institute of Mother and Child, Warsaw, Poland.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
14
|
Botella-Carretero JI, Valero MA, Valcorba I, Ezquieta B, Alonso M, Barrio R. Deletion of the long arm of the Y chromosome in an adolescent with short stature and hypogonadism. J Pediatr Endocrinol Metab 2001; 14:103-6. [PMID: 11220698 DOI: 10.1515/jpem.2001.14.1.103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
We describe a patient with short stature more than that expected for non-treated congenital adrenal hyperplasia due to nonclassic 21-hydroxylase deficiency with deletions in the long arm of the Y chromosome including the CGY gene and the AZF subregions.
Collapse
|
15
|
Abstract
Fourteen Finnish 45,X/46,XX females were compared with population female and male controls, and in addition, nine of them were compared with their first-degree female relatives. Linear and angular measurements were made from standardized lateral cephalograms of patients and normal population controls from the "Kvantti" study series. In both comparisons the results indicated that craniofacial dimensions in 45,X/46,XX females were smaller than those in population female and male controls. The general metric pattern was similar to that observed in relation to the tooth crowns of 45,X/46,XX females. Several of their craniofacial proportions and plane angles differed from those of normal women: shorter anterior and posterior cranial bases and a flatter cranial-base angle, a sagittally shorter maxilla and a sagittally shorter mandible with an enlarged ramus:corpus length ratio, posterior rotation of the mandible and a tendency to bimaxillary retrusion. It is suggested that the reduction of X-chromosomal genetic material in 45,X/46,XX females results in smaller craniofacial dimensions than in normal females, with substantial effects on dimensional ratios and especially plane angles of the cranial base.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Grön
- Department of Oral Development and Orthodontics, Institute of Dentistry, University of Oulu, Finland.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
16
|
Abstract
To clarify whether cryptorchidism might be the expression of an intrinsic congenital testicular abnormality, we investigated the frequency of Y chromosome long arm (Yq) microdeletions in unilateral excryptorchid subjects manifesting an important bilateral testiculopathy. Microdeletion analysis of Yq was performed by polymerase chain reaction in the following subjects: 40 unilateral excryptorchid patients with azoospermia or severe oligozoospermia due to a bilateral severe testiculopathy (Sertoli cell-only syndrome or severe hypospermatogenesis); 20 unilateral excryptorchid men with moderate oligozoospermia and a normal testicular cytological picture in the contralateral testis; 110 patients affected by idiopathic severe primary testiculopathies; 20 patients affected by idiopathic moderate testiculopathy; and, as controls, 50 patients affected by known causes of testiculopathy and 100 fertile men. Eleven of 40 (27.5%) unilateral excryptorchid patients affected by bilateral testiculopathy and 28 of 110 (25.4%) patients affected by idiopathic severe primary testiculopathy showed Yq microdeletions, whereas no microdeletions were found in all the other subjects, nor in male relatives of patients with deletions. Microdeletions were located in different parts of Yq, including known regions involved in spermatogenesis (DAZ and RBM, AZFa, b, and c) and other loci still poorly defined. No difference in localization of deletions was evident between cryptorchid and idiopathic patients. Microdeletions in Yq may be responsible for severe bilateral testicular damage that could be phenotypically expressed by unilateral cryptorchidism, as well as by idiopathic infertility.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C Foresta
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Clinica Medica 3, Padova, Italy.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
17
|
Kamischke A, Gromoll J, Simoni M, Behre HM, Nieschlag E. Transmission of a Y chromosomal deletion involving the deleted in azoospermia (DAZ) and chromodomain (CDY1) genes from father to son through intracytoplasmic sperm injection: case report. Hum Reprod 1999; 14:2320-2. [PMID: 10469702 DOI: 10.1093/humrep/14.9.2320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The transmission of a deleted in azoospermia (DAZ) deletion from a severely oligozoospermic patient to his son following intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) treatment is reported. The case report highlights the fertilizing capacity of spermatozoa carrying Y chromosome deletions in patients treated with ICSI and stresses the importance of genetic counselling in severe male infertility.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Kamischke
- Institute of Reproductive Medicine and Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology of the University, Domagkstr. 11, D-48129 Münster, Germany
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
18
|
|
19
|
De Rosa M, De Brasi D, Zarrilli S, Paesano L, Pivonello R, D'Agostino A, Longobardi S, Merola B, Lupoli G, Ogata T, Lombardi G. Short stature and azoospermia in a patient with Y chromosome long arm deletion. J Endocrinol Invest 1997; 20:623-8. [PMID: 9438922 DOI: 10.1007/bf03346921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
We report on a 42-year old male with short stature, azoospermia and a wide deletion of long arm of Y chromosome. On physical examination, the patient showed height of 149 cm (< 1 degree centile) and reduced volume (3 ml) and consistency of the testes. On hormonal evaluation, he showed increased serum gonadotropins and normal serum testosterone levels though its HCG stimulated levels were limited. Serum thyroid hormones were normal. Serum GH levels in baseline evaluation as well as after GHRH and GHRH + pyridostigmine administration were normal. Serum IGF I levels were lower than normal in baseline evaluation whereas its response to the GH administration was in the normal range. The bilateral testicular biopsy showed tubular atrophy, hyalinosis, interstitial sclerosis and a histological picture of a Sertoli cell only syndrome. Moreover the patient showed arthropathy, otopathy, small chin, small mouth and truncal obesity. On genetic evaluation, the patient showed a 46,X,delY (pter--q11.1:) karyotype and loss of several DNA loci on Yq. In fact he preserved short arm SRY, centromeric DYZ3 and more proximal euchromatic region Yq loci, including DYS270, DYS271, DYS272, DYS11, DYS273, DYS274, DYS148, DYS275, and missed more distal DNA loci from DYS246 to DYZ2. These results disclosed a wide Y long arm deletion, including all hypothized Yq azoospermia loci (except for AZFa and probably for one of the RBM genes, which lie proximally to the deletion) and possibly the Y-specific growth control region (GCY), mapped between DYS11 and DYS246 loci. This deletion is responsible for the complete azoospermia of the patient and probably also for his short stature, even if other factors could be implicated in the statural impairment. It further possibly allowed to relate the GCY gene(s) to the control of GH or IGF-I receptor or post-receptor pathway, being the alteration of this gene(s) consistent with the hormonal pattern of the patient.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M De Rosa
- Dipartimento di Endocrinologia ed Oncologia Molecolare e Clinica, Università Federico II, Napoli, Italia
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
20
|
Abstract
Eight adult, Finnish 47,XYY males were compared with population male and female controls and, in addition, three of them were compared with first-degree male relatives. Linear and angular measurements were made from standardized lateral cephalograms of patients and normal population controls from the "Kvantti" study series. In both comparisons the craniofacial dimensions in 47,XYY males were larger than those in population male and female controls. Their craniofacial proportions and plane angles were similar to those of normal men except for a larger lower facial height with posterior rotation of the mandible and a tendency to bimaxillary protrusion, a longer cranial base and a lesser cranial-base angle. Thus the supernumerary Y chromosomal gene(s) in 47,XYY males may result in larger craniofacial dimensions than in normal males, without substantial effects on dimensional ratios and plane angles. This general metric pattern is similar to that observed in relation to many adult body and head dimensions, and the dental arches and tooth crowns, of 47,XYY males. The foramen magnum in 47,XYY males was smaller in the sagittal plane than that of normal males and females.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Grön
- Department of Oral Development and Orthodontics, University of Oulu, Finland
| | | | | |
Collapse
|