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Liu W, Huang Z, Xia J, Cui Z, Li L, Qi Z, Liu W. Gene Expression Profile Associated with Asmt Knockout-Induced Depression-Like Behaviors and Exercise Effects in Mouse Hypothalamus. Biosci Rep 2022:BSR20220800. [PMID: 35771226 DOI: 10.1042/BSR20220800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2022] [Revised: 06/16/2022] [Accepted: 06/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Sleep disorder caused by abnormal circadian rhythm is one of the main symptoms and risk factors of depression. As a known hormone regulating circadian rhythms, melatonin (MT) is also namely N-acetyl-5-methoxytryptamine. N-acetylserotonin methyltransferase (Asmt) is the key rate-limiting enzyme of MT synthesis and has been reportedly associated with depression. Although 50–90% of patients with depression have sleep disorders, there are no effective treatment ways in the clinic. Exercise can regulate circadian rhythm and play an important role in depression treatment. In the present study, we showed that Asmt knockout induced depression-like behaviors, which were ameliorated by swimming exercise. Moreover, swimming exercise increased serum levels of MT and 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) in Asmt knockout mice. In addition, the microarray data identified 10 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in KO mice compared with WT mice and 29 DEGs in KO mice after swimming exercise. Among the DEGs, the direction and magnitude of change in epidermal growth factor receptor pathway substrate 8-like 1 (Eps8l1) and phospholipase C-β 2 (Plcb2) were confirmed by qRT-PCR partly. Subsequent bioinformatic analysis showed that these DEGs were enriched significantly in the p53 signaling pathway, long-term depression and estrogen signaling pathway. In the protein–protein interaction (PPI) networks, membrane palmitoylated protein 1 (Mpp1) and p53-induced death domain protein 1 (Pidd1) were hub genes to participate in the pathological mechanisms of depression and exercise intervention. These findings may provide new targets for the treatment of depression.
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Luo K, Zhang L, Liao Y, Zhou H, Yang H, Luo M, Qing C. Effects and mechanisms of Eps8 on the biological behaviour of malignant tumours (Review). Oncol Rep 2021; 45:824-834. [PMID: 33432368 PMCID: PMC7859916 DOI: 10.3892/or.2021.7927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2020] [Accepted: 12/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Epidermal growth factor receptor pathway substrate 8 (Eps8) was initially identified as the substrate for the kinase activity of EGFR, improving the responsiveness of EGF, which is involved in cell mitosis, differentiation and other physiological functions. Numerous studies over the last decade have demonstrated that Eps8 is overexpressed in most ubiquitous malignant tumours and subsequently binds with its receptor to activate multiple signalling pathways. Eps8 not only participates in the regulation of malignant phenotypes, such as tumour proliferation, invasion, metastasis and drug resistance, but is also related to the clinicopathological characteristics and prognosis of patients. Therefore, Eps8 is a potential tumour diagnosis and prognostic biomarker and even a therapeutic target. This review aimed to describe the structural characteristics, role and related molecular mechanism of Eps8 in malignant tumours. In addition, the prospect of Eps8 as a target for cancer therapy is examined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaili Luo
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Yunnan Key Laboratory of Pharmacology for Natural Products, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan 650500, P.R. China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Department of Gynecology, Yunnan Tumor Hospital and The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University; Kunming, Yunnan 650118, P.R. China
| | - Yuan Liao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Yunnan Key Laboratory of Pharmacology for Natural Products, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan 650500, P.R. China
| | - Hongyu Zhou
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Yunnan Key Laboratory of Pharmacology for Natural Products, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan 650500, P.R. China
| | - Hongying Yang
- Department of Gynecology, Yunnan Tumor Hospital and The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University; Kunming, Yunnan 650118, P.R. China
| | - Min Luo
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Yunnan Key Laboratory of Pharmacology for Natural Products, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan 650500, P.R. China
| | - Chen Qing
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Yunnan Key Laboratory of Pharmacology for Natural Products, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan 650500, P.R. China
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Sadeghinia A, Moghaddas S, Tavakolpour S, Teimourpour A, Danespazhooh M, Mahmoudi H. Treatment of port wine stains with 595-nm pulsed dye laser in 27 pediatric patients: A prospective study in the Iranian population. J COSMET LASER THER 2019; 21:373-377. [PMID: 31524027 DOI: 10.1080/14764172.2019.1661489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Port wine stain (PWS) is a congenital vascular malformation, which is visible at the birth as the red patches, mostly on the face and neck. Previous studies have shown good efficacy and safety of 595-nm pulsed dye laser (PDL). Here, we have conducted a prospective study to assess the efficacy and safety profile of pediatrics with PWS, treated with 595-nm PDL. Twenty-seven patients (10 males and 17 females) with the mean age of 5.7 ± 2.8 (range 1-13) years old were included in the study. Following 6.2 (range 4-10) sessions of treatment, 70.74 ± 18.5% of improvement was detected three months after the final session. Fourteen (51.8%) patients achieved a higher than 75% of improvement; nine (33.4%) patients experienced 50%-75% improvement; four (14.8%) patients experienced a less than 50% improvement. V1 involvement and a marked improvement within the first five sessions found to be good prognostic factors. Regarding age, sex, skin type, color and size of the PWS, no significant association with therapeutic response were detected. Blister and crust, atrophic macules, and hyperpigmentation were noted in six (22.2%), one (3.7%), and one (3.7%), respectively. In conclusion, 595-nm PDL looks an effective and relatively safe therapeutic approach in the treatment of Iranian pediatric PWS patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Sadeghinia
- Department of Dermatology, Razi Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Saba Moghaddas
- Department of Dermatology, Razi Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Soheil Tavakolpour
- Department of Dermatology, Razi Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amir Teimourpour
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Danespazhooh
- Department of Dermatology, Razi Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamidreza Mahmoudi
- Department of Dermatology, Razi Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Tang Y, Wang XW, Liu ZH, Sun YM, Tang YX, Zhou DH. Chaperone-mediated autophagy substrate proteins in cancer. Oncotarget 2017; 8:51970-51985. [PMID: 28881704 PMCID: PMC5584305 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.17583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2017] [Accepted: 04/07/2017] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
All intracellular proteins undergo continuous synthesis and degradation. Chaperone-mediated autophagy (CMA) is necessary to maintain cellular homeostasis through turnover of cytosolic proteins (substrate proteins). This degradation involves a series of substrate proteins including both cancer promoters and suppressors. Since activating or inhibiting CMA pathway to treat cancer is still debated, targeting to the CMA substrate proteins provides a novel direction. We summarize the cancer-associated substrate proteins which are degraded by CMA. Consequently, CMA substrate proteins catalyze the glycolysis which contributes to the Warburg effect in cancer cells. The fact that the degradation of substrate proteins based on the CMA can be altered by posttranslational modifications such as phosphorylation or acetylation. In conclusion, targeting to CMA substrate proteins develops into a new anticancer therapeutic approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Tang
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Xiong-Wen Wang
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Zhan-Hua Liu
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Yun-Ming Sun
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Zhoushan, Zhoushan 316000, China
| | - Yu-Xin Tang
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Zhoushan, Zhoushan 316000, China
| | - Dai-Han Zhou
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China
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Abstract
EPS8 was first identified as a tyrosine kinase substrate, that plays a role in EGFR-mediated mitogenic signaling. Recent research has shown that EPS8 is overexpressed in most types of cancer, for example breast cancer, colon cancer, cervical cancer and even hematologic malignancies. EPS8 is involved in many signaling pathways related to tumorigenesis, proliferation, migration and metastasis, and is a biomarker for poor prognosis of cancer patients. This review aims to provide a comprehensive picture of the role of EPS8 in cellular processes and its significance to tumorigenesis. Furthermore, this review focuses on the potential role of EPS8 as a therapeutic cancer target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Hua Li
- Department of Hematology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 510282 Guangzhou, China
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Abstract
The HDM2-p53 loop is crucial for monitoring p53 level and human pathologies. Therefore, identification of novel molecules involved in this regulatory loop is necessary for understanding the dynamic regulation of p53 and treatment of human diseases. Here, we characterized that the ribosomal protein L6 binds to and suppresses the E3 ubiquitin ligase activity of HDM2, and subsequently attenuates HDM2-mediated p53 polyubiquitination and degradation. The enhanced p53 activity further slows down cell cycle progression and leads to cell growth inhibition. Conversely, the level of p53 is dramatically decreased upon the depletion of RPL6, indicating that RPL6 is essential for p53 stabilization. We also found that RPL6 translocalizes from the nucleolus to nucleoplasm under ribosomal stress, which facilitates its binding with HDM2. The interaction of RPL6 and HDM2 drives HDM2-mediated RPL6 polyubiquitination and proteasomal degradation. Longer treatment of actinomycin D increases RPL6 ubiquitination and destabilizes RPL6, and thereby putatively attenuates p53 response until the level of L6 subsides. Therefore, RPL6 and HDM2 form an autoregulatory feedback loop to monitor the level of p53 in response to ribosomal stress. Together, our study identifies the crucial function of RPL6 in regulating HDM2-p53 pathway, which highlights the importance of RPL6 in human genetic diseases and cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongmei Bai
- State Key Lab of Protein and Plant Gene Research, School of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
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Abstract
Small, submicroscopic, genomic deletions and duplications (1 kb to 10 Mb) constitute up to 15% of all mutations underlying human monogenic diseases. Novel genomic technologies such as microarray-based comparative genomic hybridization (array CGH) allow the mapping of genomic copy number alterations at this submicroscopic level, thereby directly linking disease phenotypes to gene dosage alterations. At present, the entire human genome can be scanned for deletions and duplications at over 30,000 loci simultaneously by array CGH ( approximately 100 kb resolution), thus entailing an attractive gene discovery approach for monogenic conditions, in particular those that are associated with reproductive lethality. Here, we review the present and future potential of microarray-based mapping of genes underlying monogenic diseases and discuss our own experience with the identification of the gene for CHARGE syndrome. We expect that, ultimately, genomic copy number scanning of all 250,000 exons in the human genome will enable immediate disease gene discovery in cases exhibiting single exon duplications and/or deletions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisenka E L M Vissers
- Department of Human Genetics, Nijmegen Centre for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, PO Box 9101 6500 HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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Abstract
Noonan syndrome is a pleiomorphic autosomal dominant disorder with short stature, facial dysmorphia, webbed neck, and heart defects. In the past decade, progress has been made in elucidating the pathogenesis of this disorder using a positional cloning approach. Noonan syndrome is now known to be a genetically heterogeneous disorder with nearly one half of cases caused by gain-of-function mutations in PTPN11, the gene encoding the protein tyrosine phosphatase SHP-2. Similar germ line mutations cause two related genetic disorders, Noonan-like disorder with multiple giant cell lesion syndrome and LEOPARD syndrome, and somatic PTPN11 mutations can underlie certain pediatric hematopoietic malignancies, including juvenile myelomonocytic, acute lymphoblastic, and acute myelogenous leukemias. A mouse model of PTPN11-related Noonan syndrome was recently generated, providing a reagent for studying disease pathogenesis in greater depth as well as experimenting with novel therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Tartaglia
- Dipartimento di Biologia Cellulare e Neuroscienze, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, 299-00161 Rome, Italy.
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Gharib H, Cook DM, Saenger PH, Bengtsson BA, Feld S, Nippoldt TB, Rodbard HW, Seibel JA, Vance ML, Zimmerman D. American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists medical guidelines for clinical practice for growth hormone use in adults and children--2003 update. Endocr Pract 2003; 9:64-76. [PMID: 12917095 DOI: 10.4158/ep.9.1.64] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Abstract
Eps8, originally identified as a substrate for the kinase activity of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), displays a domain organization typical of a signaling molecule that includes a putative N-terminal PTB domain, a central SH3 domain, and a C-terminal "effector region". This latter region directs Eps8 localization within the cell and is sufficient to activate the GTPase, Rac, leading to actin cytoskeletal remodeling. Eps8 binds, through its SH3 domain, to either Abi1 (also called E3b1) or RN-tre. Abi1 scaffolds together Eps8 and Sos1, a dual specificity guanine nucleotide exchange factor for Ras and Rac proteins, thus facilitating the formation of a trimeric complex, in turn required for activation of Rac. On the other hand, RN-tre, a Rab5 GTPase activating protein, by entering in a complex with Eps8, inhibits EGFR internalization. Furthermore, RN-tre competes with Abi1 for binding to Eps8, diverting the latter from its Rac-activating function. Thus, depending on its engagement in different complexes, Eps8 participates to EGFR signaling through Rac and endocytosis through Rab5.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pier Paolo Di Fiore
- Department of Experimental Oncology, European Institute of Oncology, Via Ripamonti, 435, 20141 Milan, Italy.
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Abstract
Four temporal bone specimens, obtained from three individuals 1--6 years of age with Noonan syndrome (NS), were studied histopathologically. All four specimens were accompanied by similar inner ear abnormalities including the reduced number of spiral ganglion cells, enlarged lateral semicircular canal, and dislocated endolymphatic sac and vestibular aqueduct. The mean population of spiral ganglion cells (15,699 cells) was approximately half of those (32,978 cells) in four age-matched control cases. In addition, they had several middle ear abnormalities including the remaining mesenchyme and dehiscence of the facial canal. To our knowledge, this is the first report to describe the histopathological temporal bone findings in patients with NS. We discuss the implications of the observed abnormalities with regard to clinical issues.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Miura
- Division of Otopathology, Department of Otolaryngology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Suite 153, Eye and Ear Institute Building, 203 Lothrop Street, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
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