1
|
Zeng F, Liu H, Xia X, Shu Y, Cheng W, Xu H, Yin G, Xie Q. Case Report: Brachydactyly Type A1 Induced by a Novel Variant of in-Frame Insertion in the IHH Gene. Front Genet 2022; 13:814786. [PMID: 35669189 PMCID: PMC9163809 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.814786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2021] [Accepted: 03/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Brachydactyly type A1 (BDA1) is an autosomal dominant inherited disease characterized by the shortness/absence of the middle phalanges, which can be induced by mutations in the Indian hedgehog gene (IHH). Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic, systemic autoimmune disease characterized by joint destruction, synovitis, and the presence of autoantibodies. In this study, the proband was diagnosed with both BDA1 and RA. We performed whole-exome sequencing in a four-generation Chinese family to investigate their inherited causal mutation to BDA1. A novel in-frame insertion variant in IHH: NM_002,181.4: c.383_415dup/p.(R128_H138dup) was identified in the BDA1 pedigree. This insertion of 11 amino acids was located in the highly conserved amino-terminal signaling domain of IHH and co-segregated with the disease status. This adds one to the total number of different IHH mutations found to cause BDA1. Moreover, we found a potential causal germline variant in CRY1 for a molecular biomarker of RA (i.e., a high level of anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide). Collectively, we identified novel variants in IHH for inherited BDA1, which highlights the important role of this gene in phalange development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Feier Zeng
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Huan Liu
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xuyang Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yang Shu
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, West China Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Wei Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Heng Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Department of Laboratory Medicine/Research Centre of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, West China Hospital, Chengdu, China
- *Correspondence: Heng Xu, ; Geng Yin, ; Qibing Xie,
| | - Geng Yin
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- *Correspondence: Heng Xu, ; Geng Yin, ; Qibing Xie,
| | - Qibing Xie
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- *Correspondence: Heng Xu, ; Geng Yin, ; Qibing Xie,
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Ozaki N, Okuda H, Kobayashi H, Harada KH, Inoue S, Youssefian S, Koizumi A. Deletion of 2 amino acids in IHH in a Japanese family with brachydactyly type A1. BMC Med Genomics 2021; 14:190. [PMID: 34315464 PMCID: PMC8314500 DOI: 10.1186/s12920-021-01042-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2020] [Accepted: 07/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Brachydactyly type A1 (BDA1) is an autosomal dominant disorder characterized by uniform shortening of the middle phalanges in all digits. It is associated with variants in the Indian Hedgehog (IHH) gene, which plays a key role in endochondral ossification. To date, heterozygous pathogenic IHH variants involving several codons, which are restricted to a specific region of the N-terminal active fragment of IHH, have been reported. The purpose of this study was to identify the pathogenic variant in a Japanese family with BDA1 and to evaluate its pathogenesis with regard to previous reports. METHODS The proband, a 9-year-old boy, his siblings, and his father had shortened digits and a short stature of variable severity. Based on physical examinations, radiographic findings and family history, they were diagnosed with BDA1. This family is the first case of an isolated malformation in Japan. Sanger sequencing of IHH was performed on these individuals and on the proband's unaffected mother. The significance of the variants was assessed using three-dimensional analysis methods. RESULTS Sanger sequencing showed a novel IHH heterozygous variant, NM_002181.4:c.544_549delTCAAAG(p.Ser182Lys183del) [NC_000002.12:g.219057461_219057466del].. These two residues are located outside the cluster region considered a hotspot of pathogenic variants. Three-dimensional modelling showed that S182 and K183 are located on the same surface as other residues associated with BDA1. Analysis of residue interactions across the interface between IHH and its interacting receptor protein revealed the presence of hydrogen bonds between them. CONCLUSIONS We report a novel variant, NM_002181.4:c.544_549delTCAAAG (p.Ser182Lys183del) [NC_000002.12:g.219057461_219057466del] in a Japanese family with BDA1. Indeed, neither variations in codons 182 or 183 nor with such two-amino-acid deletions in IHH have been reported previously. Although these two residues are located outside the cluster region considered a hotspot of pathogenic variants, we speculate that this variant causes BDA1 through impaired interactions between IHH and target receptor proteins in the same manner as other pathogenic variants located in the cluster region. This report expands the genetic spectrum of BDA1.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nozomu Ozaki
- Department of Pediatrics, Kadono-Sanjo Children's Clinic, Kyoto, Japan.
| | - Hiroko Okuda
- Department of Pain Pharmacogenetics, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Hatasu Kobayashi
- Environmental and Molecular Medicine, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Tsu, Japan
| | - Kouji H Harada
- Department of Health and Environmental Sciences, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Sumiko Inoue
- Department of Pain Pharmacogenetics, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan.,Department of Health and Environmental Sciences, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Shohab Youssefian
- Department of Pain Pharmacogenetics, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan.,Department of Molecular Biosciences, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Akio Koizumi
- Department of Pain Pharmacogenetics, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan.,Department of Health and Environmental Sciences, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan.,Institute of Public Health and Welfare, Kyoto-Hokenkai, Kyoto, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Yang Q, Wang J, Tian X, Shen F, Lan J, Zhang Q, Fan X, Yi S, Li M, Shen Y. A novel variant of IHH in a Chinese family with brachydactyly type 1. BMC Med Genet 2020; 21:60. [PMID: 32209048 PMCID: PMC7092535 DOI: 10.1186/s12881-020-01000-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2019] [Accepted: 03/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Background Brachydactyly type A1(BDA-1) is an autosomal dominant disorder which is caused by heterozygous pathogenic variants in a specific region of the N-terminal active fragment of Indian Hedgehog (IHH). The disorder is mainly characterized by shortening or missing of the middle phalanges. In this study, Our purpose is to identify the pathogenic variations associated with BDA-1 involved in a five-generation Chinese family. Methods A BDA-1 family with 8 affected and 14 unaffected family members was recruited. Whole exome sequencing (WES) was performed to identify the pathogenic variant in the proband, and which was later confirmed and segregated by Sanger sequencing. The significance of variants were assessed using several molecular and bioinformatics analysis methods. Results We uncovered a novel heterozygous missense variant c.299A > G (p.D100G) at the mutational hotspot of IHH gene following whole-exome sequencing of a Chinese family with BDA-1. The variant co-segregated with BDA-1 in the pedigree, showed 100% penetrance for phalange phenotype with variable expressivity. Conclusions In conclusion, this study reports a five-generation Chinese family with BDA-1 due to a novel pathogenic variant (c.299A > G (p.D100G)) of IHH and expands the clinical and genetic spectrum of BDA-1.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qi Yang
- Genetic and Metabolic Central Laboratory, Birth Defect Prevention Research Institute, Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Children's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, 530002, China
| | - Jin Wang
- Genetic and Metabolic Central Laboratory, Birth Defect Prevention Research Institute, Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Children's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, 530002, China
| | - Xiaoxian Tian
- Department of Ultrasonography, Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Children's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, 530002, China
| | - Fei Shen
- Genetic and Metabolic Central Laboratory, Birth Defect Prevention Research Institute, Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Children's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, 530002, China
| | - Jing Lan
- Department of Gynaecology, Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Children's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, 530002, China
| | - Qiang Zhang
- Genetic and Metabolic Central Laboratory, Birth Defect Prevention Research Institute, Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Children's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, 530002, China
| | - Xin Fan
- Genetic and Metabolic Central Laboratory, Birth Defect Prevention Research Institute, Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Children's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, 530002, China
| | - Shang Yi
- Genetic and Metabolic Central Laboratory, Birth Defect Prevention Research Institute, Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Children's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, 530002, China
| | - Mengting Li
- Genetic and Metabolic Central Laboratory, Birth Defect Prevention Research Institute, Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Children's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, 530002, China
| | - Yiping Shen
- Genetic and Metabolic Central Laboratory, Birth Defect Prevention Research Institute, Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Children's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, 530002, China. .,Department of Medical Genetics and Molecular Diagnostic Laboratory, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200127, China. .,Division of Genetics and Genomics, Boston Children's Hospital; Department of Neurology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Boegheim IJM, Leegwater PAJ, van Lith HA, Back W. Current insights into the molecular genetic basis of dwarfism in livestock. Vet J 2017; 224:64-75. [PMID: 28697878 DOI: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2017.05.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2016] [Revised: 05/03/2017] [Accepted: 05/26/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Impairment of bone growth at a young age leads to dwarfism in adulthood. Dwarfism can be categorised as either proportionate, an overall size reduction without changes in body proportions, or disproportionate, a size reduction in one or more limbs, with changes in body proportions. Many forms of dwarfism are inherited and result from structural disruptions or disrupted signalling pathways. Hormonal disruptions are evident in Brooksville miniature Brahman cattle and Z-linked dwarfism in chickens, caused by mutations in GH1 and GHR. Furthermore, mutations in IHH are the underlying cause of creeper achondroplasia in chickens. Belgian blue cattle display proportionate dwarfism caused by a mutation in RNF11, while American Angus cattle dwarfism is caused by a mutation in PRKG2. Mutations in EVC2 are associated with dwarfism in Japanese brown cattle and Tyrolean grey cattle. Fleckvieh dwarfism is caused by mutations in the GON4L gene. Mutations in COL10A1 and COL2A1 cause dwarfism in pigs and Holstein cattle, both associated with structural disruptions, while several mutations in ACAN are associated with bulldog-type dwarfism in Dexter cattle and dwarfism in American miniature horses. In other equine breeds, such as Shetland ponies and Friesian horses, dwarfism is caused by mutations in SHOX and B4GALT7. In Texel sheep, chondrodysplasia is associated with a deletion in SLC13A1. This review discusses genes known to be involved in these and other forms of dwarfism in livestock.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Iris J M Boegheim
- Department of Equine Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Yalelaan 112-114, NL-3584 CM Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Peter A J Leegwater
- Department of Clinical Sciences of Companion Animals, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, NL-3508 TD Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Hein A van Lith
- Division of Animal Welfare and Laboratory Animal Science, Department of Animals in Science and Society, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Yalelaan 2, NL-3584 CM Utrecht, The Netherlands; Brain Centre Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Universiteitsweg 100, NL-3584 CG Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Willem Back
- Department of Equine Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Yalelaan 112-114, NL-3584 CM Utrecht, The Netherlands.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Salian S, Shukla A, Nishimura G, Girisha KM. Severe Form of Brachydactyly Type A1 in a Child with a c.298G > A Mutation in IHH Gene. J Pediatr Genet 2017; 6:177-180. [PMID: 28794911 DOI: 10.1055/s-0037-1599201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2016] [Accepted: 01/23/2017] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Brachydactyly type A1 (BDA1) is characterized by short middle phalanges. We report the case of a child with a severe form of BDA1 with complete absence of the middle phalanges of all extremities. He had c.298G > A (p.D100N) mutation in IHH gene.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Smrithi Salian
- Department of Medical Genetics, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal University, Manipal, India
| | - Anju Shukla
- Department of Medical Genetics, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal University, Manipal, India
| | - Gen Nishimura
- Department of Pediatric Imaging, Tokyo Metropolitan Children's Medical Center, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Katta M Girisha
- Department of Medical Genetics, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal University, Manipal, India
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Ma G, Yu J, Xiao Y, Chan D, Gao B, Hu J, He Y, Guo S, Zhou J, Zhang L, Gao L, Zhang W, Kang Y, Cheah KSE, Feng G, Guo X, Wang Y, Zhou CZ, He L. Indian hedgehog mutations causing brachydactyly type A1 impair Hedgehog signal transduction at multiple levels. Cell Res 2011; 21:1343-57. [PMID: 21537345 DOI: 10.1038/cr.2011.76] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Brachydactyly type A1 (BDA1), the first recorded Mendelian autosomal dominant disorder in humans, is characterized by a shortening or absence of the middle phalanges. Heterozygous missense mutations in the Indian Hedgehog (IHH) gene have been identified as a cause of BDA1; however, the biochemical consequences of these mutations are unclear. In this paper, we analyzed three BDA1 mutations (E95K, D100E, and E131K) in the N-terminal fragment of Indian Hedgehog (IhhN). Structural analysis showed that the E95K mutation changes a negatively charged area to a positively charged area in a calcium-binding groove, and that the D100E mutation changes the local tertiary structure. Furthermore, we showed that the E95K and D100E mutations led to a temperature-sensitive and calcium-dependent instability of IhhN, which might contribute to an enhanced intracellular degradation of the mutant proteins via the lysosome. Notably, all three mutations affected Hh binding to the receptor Patched1 (PTC1), reducing its capacity to induce cellular differentiation. We propose that these are common features of the mutations that cause BDA1, affecting the Hh tertiary structure, intracellular fate, binding to the receptor/partners, and binding to extracellular components. The combination of these features alters signaling capacity and range, but the impact is likely to be variable and mutation-dependent. The potential variation in the signaling range is characterized by an enhanced interaction with heparan sulfate for IHH with the E95K mutation, but not the E131K mutation. Taken together, our results suggest that these IHH mutations affect Hh signaling at multiple levels, causing abnormal bone development and abnormal digit formation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gang Ma
- Bio-X Center, Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders (Ministry of Education), Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, China
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
7
|
Byrnes AM, Racacho L, Nikkel SM, Xiao F, MacDonald H, Underhill TM, Bulman DE. Mutations in GDF5 presenting as semidominant brachydactyly A1. Hum Mutat 2011; 31:1155-62. [PMID: 20683927 DOI: 10.1002/humu.21338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Brachydactyly A1 (BDA1) is an autosomal dominant disorder characterized by shortness of all middle phalanges of the hands and toes, shortness of the proximal phalanges of the first digit, and short stature. Missense mutations in the Indian Hedgehog gene (IHH) are known to cause BDA1, and a second locus has been mapped to chromosome 5p. In a consanguineous French Canadian kindred with BDA1, both IHH and the 5p locus were excluded. Microsatellites flanking GDF5 on chromosome 20q were found to cosegregate with the disease. Sequencing of the GDF5 coding region revealed that a mildly affected individual in the family was heterozygous, and that all of the severely affected individuals were homozygous for a novel missense c.1195C>T mutation that predicts a p.Arg399Cys substitution at a highly conserved amino acid. Functional analysis demonstrated that although the p.Arg399Cys mutant is able to stimulate chondrogenesis, it is much less effective than wild-type GDF5. This data confirms genetic heterogeneity in BDA1, demonstrates that mutations upstream of IHH can result in BDA1, and shows that BDA1 can result from semidominant mutations in GDF5.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ashley M Byrnes
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, and University of Ottawa Centre for Neuromuscular Disease, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
8
|
Byrnes AM, Racacho L, Grimsey A, Hudgins L, Kwan AC, Sangalli M, Kidd A, Yaron Y, Lau YL, Nikkel SM, Bulman DE. Brachydactyly A-1 mutations restricted to the central region of the N-terminal active fragment of Indian Hedgehog. Eur J Hum Genet 2009; 17:1112-20. [PMID: 19277064 PMCID: PMC2986602 DOI: 10.1038/ejhg.2009.18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2008] [Revised: 01/21/2009] [Accepted: 01/30/2009] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Mutations in the gene Indian Hedgehog (IHH) that cause Brachydactyly A-1 (BDA1) have been restricted to a specific region of the N-terminal active fragment of Indian Hedgehog involving codons 95, 100, 131, and 154. We describe two novel mutations in codons 128 and 130, not previously implicated in BDA1. Furthermore, we identified an independent mutation at codon 131 and we also describe a New Zealand family, which carries the 'Farabee' founder mutation and haplotype. All of the BDA1 mutations occur in a restricted area of the N-terminal active fragment of the IHH and are in contrast to those mutations causing an autosomal recessive acrocapitofemoral dysplasia, whose mutations are located at the distal N- and C-terminal regions of IHH-N and are physically separated from the BDA1-causing mutations. The identification of multiple independent mutations in codons 95, 100, and now in 131, implicate a discrete function for this region of the protein. Finally, we present a clinical review of all reported and confirmed cases of BDA1, highlighting features of the disorder, which add to the spectrum of the IHH mutations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ashley M Byrnes
- Regenerative Medicine Program, Ottawa Health Research Institute, and the University of Ottawa Centre for Neuromuscular Disease, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Lemuel Racacho
- Regenerative Medicine Program, Ottawa Health Research Institute, and the University of Ottawa Centre for Neuromuscular Disease, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Allison Grimsey
- Regenerative Medicine Program, Ottawa Health Research Institute, and the University of Ottawa Centre for Neuromuscular Disease, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Louanne Hudgins
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Medical Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Andrea C Kwan
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Medical Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Michel Sangalli
- Department of Obstetrics, Wellington Hospital, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - Alexa Kidd
- Central and Southern Regional Genetics Services, Wellington Hospital, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - Yuval Yaron
- Genetic Institute, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Yu-Lung Lau
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Sarah M Nikkel
- Department of Genetics, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Dennis E Bulman
- Regenerative Medicine Program, Ottawa Health Research Institute, and the University of Ottawa Centre for Neuromuscular Disease, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Stattin EL, Lindén B, Lönnerholm T, Schuster J, Dahl N. Brachydactyly type A1 associated with unusual radiological findings and a novel Arg158Cys mutation in the Indian hedgehog (IHH) gene. Eur J Med Genet 2009; 52:297-302. [PMID: 19464397 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmg.2009.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2008] [Accepted: 05/12/2009] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Brachydactyly type A1 (BDA1; MIM 112500) is characterized by shortness or absence of the middle phalanx of the hands and feet. The condition is caused by heterozygous mutations in the Indian hedgehog (IHH) gene or a yet unidentified gene on chromosome 5p13. We investigated six affected members of a large Swedish family segregating autosomal dominant brachymesophalangia. Affected individuals show hypoplasia of the ulnar styloid processes, ulna minus, osteoarthritis, normal length of all distal phalanges and shortening or absence of the middle phalanges. Stationary ossicles or sesamoid bones were observed at the metacarpal heads in all patients. Genetic analysis of the family showed that the IHH-gene was linked to the disease (Z(max) 3.42 at theta 0.00) and sequence analysis of IHH revealed a novel c.472C > T transition in all affected family members. The mutation results in a p.158Arg > Cys substitution located in the highly conserved amino-terminal domain of IHH. This domain is of importance for the interaction between IHH and the Patched receptor. Our combined findings add radiological findings to the BDA1 phenotype and confirm a critical functional domain of IHH.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eva-Lena Stattin
- Department of Medical Biosciences, Medical and Clinical genetics, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
10
|
Lodder E, Hoogeboom A, Coert J, de Graaff E. Deletion of 1 amino acid in Indian hedgehog leads to brachydactylyA1. Am J Med Genet A 2008; 146A:2152-4. [DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.32441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
|
11
|
Zhu G, Ke X, Liu Q, Li J, Chen B, Shao C, Gong Y. Recurrence of the D100N mutation in a Chinese family with brachydactyly type A1: evidence for a mutational hot spot in the Indian hedgehog gene. Am J Med Genet A 2007; 143A:1246-8. [PMID: 17486609 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.31728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Guoming Zhu
- Key Laboratory for Experimental Teratology of the Ministry of Education and Institute of Medical Genetics, Shandong University School of Medicine, Jinan, and Department of Orthopaedics, Hospital of Weihai Economic and Technical Development Zone, China
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
12
|
Liu M, Wang X, Cai Z, Tang Z, Cao K, Liang B, Ren X, Liu JY, Wang QK. A novel heterozygous mutation in the Indian hedgehog gene (IHH) is associated with brachydactyly type A1 in a Chinese family. J Hum Genet 2006; 51:727-731. [PMID: 16871364 DOI: 10.1007/s10038-006-0012-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2006] [Accepted: 05/07/2006] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Brachydactyly type A1 (BDA1) is caused by mutations in the Indian hedgehog gene, IHH, on chromosome 2q35-36. In this study, a large five-generation Chinese family with BDA1 was identified and characterized. All affected family members demonstrated significant homogeneous phenotype and some unique clinical features different from those associated with the reported BDA1 mutations in IHH. Linkage analysis showed that the BDA1 gene in the family was linked to marker D2S126 close to IHH with a LOD score of 4.74 at a recombination fraction of 0. DNA sequence analysis revealed a heterozygous C to T transition at nucleotide 461 of IHH, resulting in a novel T154I substitution. The T154I mutation co-segregated with all affected individuals in the family, and was not present in normal family members or 200 normal controls. These results expand the spectrum of clinical phenotype associated with IHH mutations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mugen Liu
- Center for Human Genome Research and College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430074, People's Republic of China
| | - Xu Wang
- Center for Human Genome Research and College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430074, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhou Cai
- Center for Human Genome Research and College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430074, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhaohui Tang
- Center for Human Genome Research and College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430074, People's Republic of China
| | - Kangsheng Cao
- Liangfeng Middle School, Yuqing, Guizhou, 564405, People's Republic of China
| | - Bo Liang
- Institute of Radiology, the Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430022, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiang Ren
- Center for Human Genome Research and College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430074, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Yu Liu
- Center for Human Genome Research and College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430074, People's Republic of China
| | - Qing K Wang
- Center for Human Genome Research and College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430074, People's Republic of China.
- Department of Molecular Cardiology, Lerner Research Institute, and Center for Cardiovascular Genetics, The Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH, 44195, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Affiliation(s)
- Santhosh Girirajan
- Department of Human Genetics, P. O. Box #980441, Medical College of Virginia Campus, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
14
|
McCready ME, Grimsey A, Styer T, Nikkel SM, Bulman DE. A century later Farabee has his mutation. Hum Genet 2005; 117:285-7. [PMID: 15886999 DOI: 10.1007/s00439-005-1289-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2004] [Accepted: 01/25/2005] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
|
15
|
Abstract
In 1903, Farabee analyzed the heredity of the human digital malformation, brachydactyly, the first recorded disorder of the autosomal dominant Mendelian trait. In 1951, Bell classified this type of brachydactyly as type A1 (BDA1). Over 100 cases from different ethnic groups have so far been reported. However, the real breakthrough in identifying the cause of BDA1 has only taken place in the last few years with the progress of the mapping and identification of one of the genes responsible for this disorder, thus providing an answer for a century old riddle. In this article, we attempt to review the current state of knowledge on the genetic features of BDA1 with its century-old history and signalling pathway of IHH, and also discuss genotype-phenotype correlation not only of BDA1, but also of all types of brachydactyly.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bo Gao
- Institute for Nutritional Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China.
| | | |
Collapse
|
16
|
Abstract
Hirschsprung disease (HSCR) is characterized by the absence of ganglion cells along a variable length of the intestine. HSCR has a complex genetic aetiology with 50% of the patients unexplained by mutations in the major HSCR genes. The Ihh gene is involved in the development of the enteric nervous system (ENS) and Ihh mutant mice present with a phenotype reminiscent of HSCR. The requirement of Ihh signalling for the proper development of the ENS, together with the evidence presented by the Ihh murine model, prompted us to investigate the involvement of the human IHH gene in HSCR. Sequence analysis revealed seven single nucleotide polymorphisms, six of which were new. Allele and haplotype frequencies were compared between cases and controls, and, among the cases, between genders, between different phenotypes, and between patients with different mutation status in the main HSCR genes. Despite the involvement of IHH in the development of the ENS, IHH is not a major gene in HSCR. Nevertheless, as the manifestation of the HSCR phenotype is genetic background dependent, polymorphic loci should be tested simultaneously to characterize gene-gene interaction. The involvement of IHH in other intestinal anomalies should be investigated.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M-M Garcia-Barceló
- Department of Surgery, Division of Paediatric Surgery, University of Hong Kong Medical Center, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|