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Parvizi T, Klotz S, Keritam O, Caliskan H, Imhof S, König T, Haider L, Traub-Weidinger T, Wagner M, Brunet T, Brugger M, Zimprich A, Rath J, Stögmann E, Gelpi E, Cetin H. Clinical heterogeneity within the ALS-FTD spectrum in a family with a homozygous optineurin mutation. Ann Clin Transl Neurol 2024. [PMID: 38689506 DOI: 10.1002/acn3.52075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Revised: 03/24/2024] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Mutations in the gene encoding for optineurin (OPTN) have been reported in the context of different neurodegenerative diseases including the amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and frontotemporal dementia (FTD) spectrum. Based on single case reports, neuropathological data in OPTN mutation carriers have revealed transactive response DNA-binding protein 43 kDa (TDP-43) pathology, in addition to accumulations of tau and alpha-synuclein. Herein, we present two siblings from a consanguineous family with a homozygous frameshift mutation in the OPTN gene and different clinical presentations. METHODS Both affected siblings underwent (i) clinical, (ii) neurophysiological, (iii) neuropsychological, (iv) radiological, and (v) laboratory examinations, and (vi) whole-exome sequencing (WES). Postmortem histopathological examination was conducted in the index patient, who deceased at the age of 41. RESULTS The index patient developed rapidly progressing clinical features of upper and lower motor neuron dysfunction as well as apathy and cognitive deterioration at the age of 41. Autopsy revealed an ALS-FTLD pattern associated with prominent neuronal and oligodendroglial TDP-43 pathology, and an atypical limbic 4-repeat tau pathology reminiscent of argyrophilic grain disease. The brother of the index patient exhibited behavioral changes and mnestic deficits at the age of 38 and was diagnosed with behavioral FTD 5 years later, without any evidence of motor neuron dysfunction. WES revealed a homozygous frameshift mutation in the OPTN gene in both siblings (NM_001008212.2: c.1078_1079del; p.Lys360ValfsTer18). INTERPRETATION OPTN mutations can be associated with extensive TDP-43 pathology and limbic-predominant tauopathy and present with a heterogeneous clinical phenotype within the ALS-FTD spectrum within the same family.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tandis Parvizi
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Comprehensive Center for Clinical Neurosciences and Mental Health, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Sigrid Klotz
- Comprehensive Center for Clinical Neurosciences and Mental Health, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Division of Neuropathology and Neurochemistry, Department of Neurology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Omar Keritam
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Comprehensive Center for Clinical Neurosciences and Mental Health, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Haluk Caliskan
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Sophie Imhof
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Comprehensive Center for Clinical Neurosciences and Mental Health, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Theresa König
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Comprehensive Center for Clinical Neurosciences and Mental Health, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Lukas Haider
- Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-Guided Therapy, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Queen Square Multiple Sclerosis Centre, Department of Neuroinflammation, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK
| | - Tatjana Traub-Weidinger
- Division of Nuclear Medicine, Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-Guided Therapy, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Matias Wagner
- Institute of Neurogenomics, Helmholtz Centrum, Munich, Germany
- Institute of Human Genetics, Technical University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Theresa Brunet
- Institute of Human Genetics, Technical University Munich, Munich, Germany
- Department of Pediatric Neurology, Developmental Medicine and Social Pediatrics, Dr. von Hauner's Children's Hospital, University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Melanie Brugger
- Institute of Human Genetics, Technical University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Alexander Zimprich
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Comprehensive Center for Clinical Neurosciences and Mental Health, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Jakob Rath
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Comprehensive Center for Clinical Neurosciences and Mental Health, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Elisabeth Stögmann
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Comprehensive Center for Clinical Neurosciences and Mental Health, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Ellen Gelpi
- Comprehensive Center for Clinical Neurosciences and Mental Health, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Division of Neuropathology and Neurochemistry, Department of Neurology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Hakan Cetin
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Comprehensive Center for Clinical Neurosciences and Mental Health, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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Shi Y, Huang L, Dong H, Yang M, Ding W, Zhou X, Lu T, Liu Z, Zhou X, Wang M, Zeng B, Sun Y, Zhong S, Wang B, Wang W, Yin C, Wang X, Wu Q. Decoding the spatiotemporal regulation of transcription factors during human spinal cord development. Cell Res 2024; 34:193-213. [PMID: 38177242 PMCID: PMC10907391 DOI: 10.1038/s41422-023-00897-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024] Open
Abstract
The spinal cord is a crucial component of the central nervous system that facilitates sensory processing and motor performance. Despite its importance, the spatiotemporal codes underlying human spinal cord development have remained elusive. In this study, we have introduced an image-based single-cell transcription factor (TF) expression decoding spatial transcriptome method (TF-seqFISH) to investigate the spatial expression and regulation of TFs during human spinal cord development. By combining spatial transcriptomic data from TF-seqFISH and single-cell RNA-sequencing data, we uncovered the spatial distribution of neural progenitor cells characterized by combinatorial TFs along the dorsoventral axis, as well as the molecular and spatial features governing neuronal generation, migration, and differentiation along the mediolateral axis. Notably, we observed a sandwich-like organization of excitatory and inhibitory interneurons transiently appearing in the dorsal horns of the developing human spinal cord. In addition, we integrated data from 10× Visium to identify early and late waves of neurogenesis in the dorsal horn, revealing the formation of laminas in the dorsal horns. Our study also illuminated the spatial differences and molecular cues underlying motor neuron (MN) diversification, and the enrichment of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) risk genes in MNs and microglia. Interestingly, we detected disease-associated microglia (DAM)-like microglia groups in the developing human spinal cord, which are predicted to be vulnerable to ALS and engaged in the TYROBP causal network and response to unfolded proteins. These findings provide spatiotemporal transcriptomic resources on the developing human spinal cord and potential strategies for spinal cord injury repair and ALS treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingchao Shi
- Guangdong Institute of Intelligence Science and Technology, Guangdong, China.
| | - Luwei Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Science, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Hao Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Science, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Meng Yang
- Changping Laboratory, Beijing, China
| | - Wenyu Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning, IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, New Cornerstone Science Laboratory, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiang Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Science, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Tian Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Science, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | | | - Xin Zhou
- Changping Laboratory, Beijing, China
- State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning, IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, New Cornerstone Science Laboratory, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Mengdi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Science, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Bo Zeng
- Changping Laboratory, Beijing, China
| | - Yinuo Sun
- Changping Laboratory, Beijing, China
| | - Suijuan Zhong
- Changping Laboratory, Beijing, China
- State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning, IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, New Cornerstone Science Laboratory, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Bosong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning, IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, New Cornerstone Science Laboratory, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Science, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | | | - Xiaoqun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Science, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
- Changping Laboratory, Beijing, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning, IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, New Cornerstone Science Laboratory, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China.
| | - Qian Wu
- Changping Laboratory, Beijing, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning, IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, New Cornerstone Science Laboratory, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China.
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3
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Gibertini S, Ruggieri A, Cheli M, Maggi L. Protein Aggregates and Aggrephagy in Myopathies. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24098456. [PMID: 37176163 PMCID: PMC10179229 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24098456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Revised: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
A number of muscular disorders are hallmarked by the aggregation of misfolded proteins within muscle fibers. A specialized form of macroautophagy, termed aggrephagy, is designated to remove and degrade protein aggregates. This review aims to summarize what has been studied so far about the direct involvement of aggrephagy and the activation of the key players, among others, p62, NBR1, Alfy, Tollip, Optineurin, TAX1BP1 and CCT2 in muscular diseases. In the first part of the review, we describe the aggrephagy pathway with the involved proteins; then, we illustrate the muscular disorder histologically characterized by protein aggregates, highlighting the role of aggrephagy pathway abnormalities in these muscular disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Gibertini
- Neuroimmunology and Neuromuscular Diseases Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico "Carlo Besta", 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Alessandra Ruggieri
- Neuroimmunology and Neuromuscular Diseases Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico "Carlo Besta", 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Marta Cheli
- Neuroimmunology and Neuromuscular Diseases Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico "Carlo Besta", 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Maggi
- Neuroimmunology and Neuromuscular Diseases Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico "Carlo Besta", 20133 Milan, Italy
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Silva IAL, Varela D, Cancela ML, Conceição N. Zebrafish optineurin: genomic organization and transcription regulation. Genome 2022; 65:513-523. [PMID: 36037528 DOI: 10.1139/gen-2022-0019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Optineurin (OPTN) is involved in a variety of mechanisms such as autophagy, vesicle trafficking, and NF-κB signaling. Mutations in the OPTN gene have been associated with different pathologies including glaucoma, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and Paget's disease of bone. Since the relationship between fish and mammalian OPTN is not well understood the objective of the present work was to characterize the zebrafish optn gene and protein structure and to investigate its transcriptional regulation. Through a comparative in silico analysis, we observed that zebrafish optn presents genomic features similar to those of its human counterpart, including its neighboring genes and structure. A comparison of OPTN protein from different species revealed a high degree of conservation in its functional domains and 3D structure. Furthermore, our in vitro transient-reporter analysis identified a functional promoter in the upstream region of the zebrafish optn gene, along with a region important for its transcription regulation. Site-directed mutagenesis revealed that the NF-κB motif is responsible for the activation of this region. In conclusion, with this study, we characterize zebrafish optn and our results indicate that zebrafish can be considered as an alternative model to study OPTN's biological role in bone-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iris A L Silva
- University of Algarve, Faro, Portugal.,University of Algarve, Faro, Portugal;
| | - Débora Varela
- University of Algarve, Faro, Portugal.,University of Algarve, Faro, Portugal;
| | - M Leonor Cancela
- University of Algarve, Faro, Portugal.,University of Algarve, Faro, Portugal;
| | - Natércia Conceição
- University of Algarve Department of Biomedical Sciences and Medicine, Faro, Portugal;
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Yang L, Cheng Y, Jia X, Liu X, Li X, Zhang K, Shen D, Liu M, Guan Y, Liu Q, Cui L, Li X. Four novel optineurin mutations in patients with sporadic amyotrophic lateral sclerosis in Mainland China. Neurobiol Aging 2020; 97:149.e1-149.e8. [PMID: 32893042 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2020.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2019] [Revised: 07/29/2020] [Accepted: 08/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
This study was to investigate the genetic contribution of optineurin (OPTN), a gene associated with primary open-angle glaucoma and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), in Chinese patients with ALS. To gain additional insight into the spectrum and pathogenic relevance of this gene for ALS, we sequenced all the coding exons of OPTN and intron-exon boundaries in 398 patients with ALS [33 familial ALS (FALS), 365 unrelated sporadic ALS (SALS)] using next-generation sequencing. Six nonsynonymous variants were identified in 6 unrelated patients with SALS, in which one patient harbored 2 different OPTN variants and another carried an SETX mutation at the same time. Among those 6 variants, 4 were novel missense mutations: c.247C>T (p.R83C), c.676T>C (p.F226L), c.1699A>G (p.Y567A), and c.1713C>G (p.H571Q) (all heterozygous). The remaining 2 were already reported in previous studies. All 6 patients were spinal onset but showed differences in ALS subtypes as well as age of onset and disease progression. Taken together, we detected 4 novel missense OPTN mutations and 2 previously described mutations that might be causal for ALS, accounting for a mutant frequency of 1.10% (4/365) in patients with SALS after excluding 2 benign variants, and confirmed that OPTN mutations are common in Asian populations. In addition, our data suggested that variability in phenotype of the same mutation might partly be due to the oligogenic basis of ALS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Yang
- Department of Neurology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital (PUMCH), Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College (CAMS & PUMC), Beijing, China
| | - Yanfei Cheng
- Department of Neurology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital (PUMCH), Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College (CAMS & PUMC), Beijing, China
| | - Xinmiao Jia
- Department of Neurology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital (PUMCH), Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College (CAMS & PUMC), Beijing, China
| | - Xudong Liu
- Department of Neurology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital (PUMCH), Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College (CAMS & PUMC), Beijing, China
| | - Xiuli Li
- Beijing San Valley Medical Laboratory Co, Ltd, Beijing, China
| | - Kang Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital (PUMCH), Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College (CAMS & PUMC), Beijing, China
| | - Dongchao Shen
- Department of Neurology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital (PUMCH), Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College (CAMS & PUMC), Beijing, China
| | - Mingsheng Liu
- Department of Neurology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital (PUMCH), Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College (CAMS & PUMC), Beijing, China; Neuroscience Center, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College (CAMS & PUMC), Beijing, China
| | - Yuzhou Guan
- Department of Neurology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital (PUMCH), Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College (CAMS & PUMC), Beijing, China; Neuroscience Center, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College (CAMS & PUMC), Beijing, China
| | - Qing Liu
- Department of Neurology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital (PUMCH), Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College (CAMS & PUMC), Beijing, China; Neuroscience Center, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College (CAMS & PUMC), Beijing, China
| | - Liying Cui
- Department of Neurology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital (PUMCH), Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College (CAMS & PUMC), Beijing, China; Neuroscience Center, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College (CAMS & PUMC), Beijing, China.
| | - Xiaoguang Li
- Department of Neurology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital (PUMCH), Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College (CAMS & PUMC), Beijing, China; Neuroscience Center, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College (CAMS & PUMC), Beijing, China.
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6
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Guo Q, Wang J, Weng Q. The diverse role of optineurin in pathogenesis of disease. Biochem Pharmacol 2020; 180:114157. [PMID: 32687832 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2020.114157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2020] [Revised: 07/11/2020] [Accepted: 07/14/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Optineurin is a widely expressed protein that possesses multiple functions. Growing evidence suggests that mutation or dysregulation of optineurin can cause several neurodegenerative diseases, including amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, primary open-angle glaucoma, and Huntington's disease, as well as inflammatory digestive disorders such as Crohn's disease. Optineurin engages in vesicular trafficking, receptor regulation, immune reactions, autophagy, and distinct signaling pathways including nuclear factor kappa beta, by which optineurin contributes to cellular death and related diseases, indicating its potential as a therapeutic target. In this review, we discuss the major functions and signaling pathways of optineurin. Furthermore, we illustrate the influence of optineurin mutation or dysregulation to region-specific pathogenesis as well as potential applications of optineurin in therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingyi Guo
- Center for Drug Safety Evaluation and Research, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Jincheng Wang
- Center for Drug Safety Evaluation and Research, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
| | - Qinjie Weng
- Center for Drug Safety Evaluation and Research, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
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7
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Weil R, Laplantine E, Curic S, Génin P. Role of Optineurin in the Mitochondrial Dysfunction: Potential Implications in Neurodegenerative Diseases and Cancer. Front Immunol 2018; 9:1243. [PMID: 29971063 PMCID: PMC6018216 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.01243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2018] [Accepted: 05/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Optineurin (Optn) is a 577 aa protein encoded by the Optn gene. Mutations of Optn are associated with normal tension glaucoma and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, and its gene has also been linked to the development of Paget’s disease of bone and Crohn’s disease. Optn is involved in diverse cellular functions, including NF-κB regulation, membrane trafficking, exocytosis, vesicle transport, reorganization of actin and microtubules, cell cycle control, and autophagy. Besides its role in xenophagy and autophagy of aggregates, Optn has been identified as a primary autophagy receptor, among the five adaptors that translocate to mitochondria during mitophagy. Mitophagy is a selective macroautophagy process during which irreparable mitochondria are degraded, preventing accumulation of defective mitochondria and limiting the release of reactive oxygen species and proapoptotic factors. Mitochondrial quality control via mitophagy is central to the health of cells. One of the important surveillance pathways of mitochondrial health is the recently defined signal transduction pathway involving the mitochondrial PTEN-induced putative kinase 1 (PINK1) protein and the cytosolic RING-between-RING ubiquitin ligase Parkin. Both of these proteins, when mutated, have been identified in certain forms of Parkinson’s disease. By targeting ubiquitinated mitochondria to autophagosomes through its association with autophagy related proteins, Optn is responsible for a critical step in mitophagy. This review reports recent discoveries on the role of Optn in mitophagy and provides insight into its link with neurodegenerative diseases. We will also discuss the involvement of Optn in other pathologies in which mitophagy dysfunctions are involved including cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Weil
- Laboratory of Signaling and Pathogenesis, Institut Pasteur, CNRS UMR3691, Paris, France
| | - Emmanuel Laplantine
- Laboratory of Signaling and Pathogenesis, Institut Pasteur, CNRS UMR3691, Paris, France
| | - Shannel Curic
- Laboratory of Signaling and Pathogenesis, Institut Pasteur, CNRS UMR3691, Paris, France
| | - Pierre Génin
- Laboratory of Signaling and Pathogenesis, Institut Pasteur, CNRS UMR3691, Paris, France
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8
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Toth RP, Atkin JD. Dysfunction of Optineurin in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and Glaucoma. Front Immunol 2018; 9:1017. [PMID: 29875767 PMCID: PMC5974248 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.01017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2018] [Accepted: 04/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Neurodegenerative disorders, including amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), frontotemporal dementia, and glaucoma, affect millions of people worldwide. ALS is caused by the loss of motor neurons in the spinal cord, brainstem, and brain, and genetic mutations are responsible for 10% of all ALS cases. Glaucoma is characterized by the loss of retinal ganglion cells and is the most common cause of irreversible blindness. Interestingly, mutations in OPTN, encoding optineurin, are associated with both ALS and glaucoma. Optineurin is a highly abundant protein involved in a wide range of cellular processes, including the inflammatory response, autophagy, Golgi maintenance, and vesicular transport. In this review, we summarize the role of optineurin in cellular mechanisms implicated in neurodegenerative disorders, including neuroinflammation, autophagy, and vesicular trafficking, focusing in particular on the consequences of expression of mutations associated with ALS and glaucoma. This review, therefore showcases the impact of optineurin dysfunction in ALS and glaucoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reka P Toth
- Motor Neuron Disease Research Centre, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Julie D Atkin
- Motor Neuron Disease Research Centre, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Department of Biochemistry, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
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9
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Ryan TA, Tumbarello DA. Optineurin: A Coordinator of Membrane-Associated Cargo Trafficking and Autophagy. Front Immunol 2018; 9:1024. [PMID: 29867991 PMCID: PMC5962687 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.01024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2018] [Accepted: 04/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Optineurin is a multifunctional adaptor protein intimately involved in various vesicular trafficking pathways. Through interactions with an array of proteins, such as myosin VI, huntingtin, Rab8, and Tank-binding kinase 1, as well as via its oligomerisation, optineurin has the ability to act as an adaptor, scaffold, or signal regulator to coordinate many cellular processes associated with the trafficking of membrane-delivered cargo. Due to its diverse interactions and its distinct functions, optineurin is an essential component in a number of homeostatic pathways, such as protein trafficking and organelle maintenance. Through the binding of polyubiquitinated cargoes via its ubiquitin-binding domain, optineurin also serves as a selective autophagic receptor for the removal of a wide range of substrates. Alternatively, it can act in an ubiquitin-independent manner to mediate the clearance of protein aggregates. Regarding its disease associations, mutations in the optineurin gene are associated with glaucoma and have more recently been found to correlate with Paget’s disease of bone and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). Indeed, ALS-associated mutations in optineurin result in defects in neuronal vesicular localisation, autophagosome–lysosome fusion, and secretory pathway function. More recent molecular and functional analysis has shown that it also plays a role in mitophagy, thus linking it to a number of other neurodegenerative conditions, such as Parkinson’s. Here, we review the role of optineurin in intracellular membrane trafficking, with a focus on autophagy, and describe how upstream signalling cascades are critical to its regulation. Current data and contradicting reports would suggest that optineurin is an important and selective autophagy receptor under specific conditions, whereby interplay, synergy, and functional redundancy with other receptors occurs. We will also discuss how dysfunction in optineurin-mediated pathways may lead to perturbation of critical cellular processes, which can drive the pathologies of number of diseases. Therefore, further understanding of optineurin function, its target specificity, and its mechanism of action will be critical in fully delineating its role in human disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas A Ryan
- Biological Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - David A Tumbarello
- Biological Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
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Goutman SA, Chen KS, Paez-Colasante X, Feldman EL. Emerging understanding of the genotype-phenotype relationship in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. HANDBOOK OF CLINICAL NEUROLOGY 2018; 148:603-623. [PMID: 29478603 DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-444-64076-5.00039-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a progressive, noncurable neurodegenerative disorder of the upper and lower motor neurons causing weakness and death within a few years of symptom onset. About 10% of patients with ALS have a family history of the disease; however, ALS-associated genetic mutations are also found in sporadic cases. There are over 100 ALS-associated mutations, and importantly, several genetic mutations, including C9ORF72, SOD1, and TARDBP, have led to mechanistic insight into this complex disease. In the clinical realm, knowledge of ALS genetics can also help explain phenotypic heterogeneity, aid in genetic counseling, and in the future may help direct treatment efforts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen A Goutman
- Department of Neurology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States.
| | - Kevin S Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | | | - Eva L Feldman
- Department of Neurology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
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11
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Markovinovic A, Cimbro R, Ljutic T, Kriz J, Rogelj B, Munitic I. Optineurin in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: Multifunctional adaptor protein at the crossroads of different neuroprotective mechanisms. Prog Neurobiol 2017; 154:1-20. [PMID: 28456633 DOI: 10.1016/j.pneurobio.2017.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2017] [Revised: 04/09/2017] [Accepted: 04/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
When optineurin mutations showed up on the amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) landscape in 2010, they differed from most other ALS-causing genes. They seemed to act by loss- rather than gain-of-function, and it was unclear how a polyubiquitin-binding adaptor protein, which was proposed to regulate a variety of cellular functions including cell signaling and vesicle trafficking, could mediate neuroprotection. This review discusses the considerable progress that has been made since then. A large number of mutations in optineurin and optineurin-interacting proteins TANK-binding kinase (TBK1) and p62/SQSTM-1 have been found in the ALS patients, suggesting a common neuroprotective pathway. Moreover, functional studies of the ALS-causing optineurin mutations and the recently established optineurin ubiquitin-binding deficient and knockout mouse models helped identify three major mechanisms likely to mediate neuroprotection: regulation of autophagy, mitigation of (chronic) inflammatory signaling, and blockade of necroptosis. These three processes crosstalk, and require multiple levels of control, many of which can be mediated by optineurin. Based on the role of optineurin in multiple processes and the unexpected finding that targeted optineurin deletion in microglia and oligodendrocytes ultimately leads to the same phenotype of axonal degeneration despite different initial defects, we propose that the failure of the weakest link in the optineurin neuroprotective network is sufficient to disturb homeostasis and set-off the domino effect that could ultimately lead to neurodegeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Markovinovic
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Department of Biotechnology, University of Rijeka, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia
| | - Raffaello Cimbro
- Division of Rheumatology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Tereza Ljutic
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Department of Biotechnology, University of Rijeka, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia
| | - Jasna Kriz
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Faculty of Medicine, Research Centre of the Mental Health Institute of Quebec, Laval University, Quebec, Quebec G1J 2G3, Canada
| | - Boris Rogelj
- Department of Biotechnology, Jožef Stefan Institute, Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, University of Ljubljana, Biomedical Research Institute BRIS, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Ivana Munitic
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Department of Biotechnology, University of Rijeka, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia.
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12
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Nishiyama A, Niihori T, Warita H, Izumi R, Akiyama T, Kato M, Suzuki N, Aoki Y, Aoki M. Comprehensive targeted next-generation sequencing in Japanese familial amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Neurobiol Aging 2017; 53:194.e1-194.e8. [PMID: 28160950 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2017.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2016] [Revised: 12/02/2016] [Accepted: 01/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is an adult-onset neurodegenerative disease characterized by loss of motor neurons. We have recently identified SOD1 and FUS mutations as the most common causes in a consecutive series of 111 familial ALS pedigrees in Japan. To reveal possible genetic causes for the remaining 51 patients with familial ALS (45 pedigrees), we performed targeted next-generation sequencing of 35 known ALS/motor neuron diseases-related genes. Known variants in ANG, OPTN, SETX, and TARDBP were identified in 6 patients. A novel likely pathogenic homozygous variant in ALS2 was identified in 1 patient. In addition, 18 patients harbored 1-3 novel variants of uncertain significance, whereas hexanucleotide repeat expansions in C9ORF72 were not detected using repeat-primed polymerase chain reaction. Collectively, in our Japanese cohort, the frequencies of SOD1, FUS, SETX, TARDBP, ANG, and OPTN variants were 32%, 11%, 2%, 2%, 1%, and 1%, respectively. These findings indicate considerable differences in the genetic variations associated with familial ALS across populations. Further genetic analyses and functional studies of novel variants are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayumi Nishiyama
- Department of Neurology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan; Department of Medical Genetics, Tohoku University School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Niihori
- Department of Medical Genetics, Tohoku University School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Warita
- Department of Neurology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Rumiko Izumi
- Department of Neurology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Akiyama
- Department of Neurology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Masaaki Kato
- Department of Neurology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Naoki Suzuki
- Department of Neurology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Yoko Aoki
- Department of Medical Genetics, Tohoku University School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Masashi Aoki
- Department of Neurology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan.
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Minegishi Y, Nakayama M, Iejima D, Kawase K, Iwata T. Significance of optineurin mutations in glaucoma and other diseases. Prog Retin Eye Res 2016; 55:149-181. [DOI: 10.1016/j.preteyeres.2016.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2016] [Revised: 08/18/2016] [Accepted: 08/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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14
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Fifita JA, Williams KL, Sundaramoorthy V, Mccann EP, Nicholson GA, Atkin JD, Blair IP. A novel amyotrophic lateral sclerosis mutation in OPTN induces ER stress and Golgi fragmentation in vitro. Amyotroph Lateral Scler Frontotemporal Degener 2016; 18:126-133. [DOI: 10.1080/21678421.2016.1218517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer A. Fifita
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia,
| | - Kelly L. Williams
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia,
| | - Vinod Sundaramoorthy
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia,
| | - Emily P. Mccann
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia,
| | - Garth A. Nicholson
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia,
- Northcott Neuroscience Laboratory, ANZAC Research Institute, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia,
- Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia,
- Molecular Medicine Laboratory, Concord Hospital, Concord, New South Wales, Australia, and
| | - Julie D. Atkin
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia,
- Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Victoria, Australia
| | - Ian P. Blair
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia,
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Shahrizaila N, Sobue G, Kuwabara S, Kim SH, Birks C, Fan DS, Bae JS, Hu CJ, Gourie-Devi M, Noto Y, Shibuya K, Goh KJ, Kaji R, Tsai CP, Cui L, Talman P, Henderson RD, Vucic S, Kiernan MC. Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and motor neuron syndromes in Asia. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 2016; 87:821-30. [PMID: 27093948 DOI: 10.1136/jnnp-2015-312751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2016] [Accepted: 03/23/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
While the past 2 decades have witnessed an increasing understanding of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) arising from East Asia, particularly Japan, South Korea, Taiwan and China, knowledge of ALS throughout the whole of Asia remains limited. Asia represents >50% of the world population, making it host to the largest patient cohort of ALS. Furthermore, Asia represents a diverse population in terms of ethnic, social and cultural backgrounds. In this review, an overview is presented that covers what is currently known of ALS in Asia from basic epidemiology and genetic influences, through to disease characteristics including atypical phenotypes which manifest a predilection for Asians. With the recent establishment of the Pan-Asian Consortium for Treatment and Research in ALS to facilitate collaborations between clinicians and researchers across the region, it is anticipated that Asia and the Pacific will contribute to unravelling the uncertainties in ALS.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Shahrizaila
- Faculty of Medicine, Neurology Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia Brain and Mind Centre, University of Sydney, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia
| | - G Sobue
- Department of Neurology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - S Kuwabara
- Department of Neurology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - S H Kim
- Department of Neurology, Hanyang University Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Carol Birks
- International Alliance of ALS/MND Associations, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - D S Fan
- Department of Neurology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - J S Bae
- Department of Neurology, Kangdong Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - C J Hu
- Department of Neurology, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - M Gourie-Devi
- Department of Neurology, Institute of Human Behaviour and Allied Sciences (IHBAS), New Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Y Noto
- Brain and Mind Centre, University of Sydney, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia Department of Neurology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - K Shibuya
- Brain and Mind Centre, University of Sydney, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia Department of Neurology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - K J Goh
- Faculty of Medicine, Neurology Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - R Kaji
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Institute of Health Biosciences, University of Tokushima Graduate School, Tokushima, Japan
| | - C P Tsai
- Department of Neurology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital and National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - L Cui
- Department of Neurology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - P Talman
- Neurology Unit, Calvary Health Care, Bethlehem Hospital, Caulfield, Victoria, Australia
| | - R D Henderson
- Department of Neurology, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Herston, Queensland, Australia
| | - S Vucic
- The Brain Dynamics Centre, Westmead Millennium Institute, Westmead, NSW and Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - M C Kiernan
- Brain and Mind Centre, University of Sydney, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia
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Zufiría M, Gil-Bea FJ, Fernández-Torrón R, Poza JJ, Muñoz-Blanco JL, Rojas-García R, Riancho J, López de Munain A. ALS: A bucket of genes, environment, metabolism and unknown ingredients. Prog Neurobiol 2016; 142:104-129. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pneurobio.2016.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2015] [Revised: 03/22/2016] [Accepted: 05/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Akiyama T, Warita H, Kato M, Nishiyama A, Izumi R, Ikeda C, Kamada M, Suzuki N, Aoki M. Genotype-phenotype relationships in familial amyotrophic lateral sclerosis with FUS/TLS mutations in Japan. Muscle Nerve 2016; 54:398-404. [PMID: 26823199 DOI: 10.1002/mus.25061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/25/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION We investigated possible genotype-phenotype correlations in Japanese patients with familial amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (FALS) carrying fused in sarcoma/translated in liposarcoma (FUS/TLS) gene mutations. METHODS A consecutive series of 111 Japanese FALS pedigrees were screened for copper/zinc superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1) and FUS/TLS gene mutations. Clinical data, including onset age, onset site, disease duration, and extramotor symptoms, were collected. RESULTS Nine different FUS/TLS mutations were found in 12 pedigrees. Most of the patients with FUS/TLS-linked FALS demonstrated early onset in the brainstem/upper cervical region, and relatively short disease duration. A few mutations exhibited phenotypes that were distinct from typical cases. Frontotemporal dementia was present in 1 patient. CONCLUSIONS This study revealed a characteristic phenotype in FUS/TLS-linked FALS patients in Japan. FUS/TLS screening is recommended in patients with FALS with this phenotype. Muscle Nerve 54: 398-404, 2016.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tetsuya Akiyama
- Department of Neurology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8574, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Warita
- Department of Neurology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8574, Japan
| | - Masaaki Kato
- Department of Neurology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8574, Japan
| | - Ayumi Nishiyama
- Department of Neurology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8574, Japan
| | - Rumiko Izumi
- Department of Neurology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8574, Japan
| | - Chikako Ikeda
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Masaki Kamada
- Department of Neurological Intractable Disease Research, Kagawa University Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa, Japan
| | - Naoki Suzuki
- Department of Neurology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8574, Japan
| | - Masashi Aoki
- Department of Neurology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8574, Japan
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18
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Nakamura R, Sone J, Atsuta N, Tohnai G, Watanabe H, Yokoi D, Nakatochi M, Watanabe H, Ito M, Senda J, Katsuno M, Tanaka F, Li Y, Izumi Y, Morita M, Taniguchi A, Kano O, Oda M, Kuwabara S, Abe K, Aiba I, Okamoto K, Mizoguchi K, Hasegawa K, Aoki M, Hattori N, Tsuji S, Nakashima K, Kaji R, Sobue G. Next-generation sequencing of 28 ALS-related genes in a Japanese ALS cohort. Neurobiol Aging 2015; 39:219.e1-8. [PMID: 26742954 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2015.11.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2015] [Revised: 11/23/2015] [Accepted: 11/28/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
We investigated the frequency and contribution of variants of the 28 known amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS)-related genes in Japanese ALS patients. We designed a multiplex, polymerase chain reaction-based primer panel to amplify the coding regions of the 28 ALS-related genes and sequenced DNA samples from 257 Japanese ALS patients using an Ion Torrent PGM sequencer. We also performed exome sequencing and identified variants of the 28 genes in an additional 251 ALS patients using an Illumina HiSeq 2000 platform. We identified the known ALS pathogenic variants and predicted the functional properties of novel nonsynonymous variants in silico. These variants were confirmed by Sanger sequencing. Known pathogenic variants were identified in 19 (48.7%) of the 39 familial ALS patients and 14 (3.0%) of the 469 sporadic ALS patients. Thirty-two sporadic ALS patients (6.8%) harbored 1 or 2 novel nonsynonymous variants of ALS-related genes that might be deleterious. This study reports the first extensive genetic screening of Japanese ALS patients. These findings are useful for developing genetic screening and counseling strategies for such patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryoichi Nakamura
- Department of Neurology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Jun Sone
- Department of Neurology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Naoki Atsuta
- Department of Neurology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Genki Tohnai
- Department of Neurology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Hazuki Watanabe
- Department of Neurology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan; Department of Neurology, Japanese Red Cross Nagoya Daiichi Hospital, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Daichi Yokoi
- Department of Neurology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Masahiro Nakatochi
- Bioinformatics Section, Center for Advanced Medicine and Clinical Research, Nagoya University Hospital, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Hirohisa Watanabe
- Department of Neurology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan; Brain and Mind Research Center, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Mizuki Ito
- Department of Neurology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Jo Senda
- Department of Neurology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan; Department of Neurology, Komaki City Hospital, Komaki, Japan
| | - Masahisa Katsuno
- Department of Neurology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Fumiaki Tanaka
- Department of Neurology and Stroke Medicine, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Yuanzhe Li
- Department of Neurology, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuishin Izumi
- Department of Neurology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Mitsuya Morita
- Division of Neurology, Department of Internal Medicine, Jichi Medical University, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Akira Taniguchi
- Department of Neurology, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Tsu, Japan
| | - Osamu Kano
- Division of Neurology, Department of Internal Medicine, Toho University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masaya Oda
- Department of Neurology, Vihara Hananosato Hospital, Miyoshi, Japan
| | - Satoshi Kuwabara
- Department of Neurology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Koji Abe
- Department of Neurology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Okayama, Japan
| | - Ikuko Aiba
- Department of Neurology, National Hospital Organization Higashinagoya National Hospital, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Koichi Okamoto
- Department of Neurology, Geriatrics Research Institute and Hospital, Maebashi, Japan
| | - Kouichi Mizoguchi
- Department of Neurology, National Hospital Organization Shizuoka-Fuji Hospital, Fujinomiya, Japan
| | - Kazuko Hasegawa
- Division of Neurology, National Hospital Organization, Sagamihara National Hospital, Sagamihara, Japan
| | - Masashi Aoki
- Department of Neurology, Tohoku University School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Nobutaka Hattori
- Department of Neurology, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shoji Tsuji
- Department of Neurology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kenji Nakashima
- Division of Neurology, Department of Brain and Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, Yonago, Japan
| | - Ryuji Kaji
- Department of Neurology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Gen Sobue
- Department of Neurology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan; Research Division of Dementia and Neurodegenerative Disease, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan.
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Li C, Ji Y, Tang L, Zhang N, He J, Ye S, Liu X, Fan D. Optineurin mutations in patients with sporadic amyotrophic lateral sclerosis in China. Amyotroph Lateral Scler Frontotemporal Degener 2015; 16:485-9. [PMID: 26503823 DOI: 10.3109/21678421.2015.1089909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chengyu Li
- Department of Neurology, Peking University Third Hospital, Haidian District, Beijing, China
| | - Ying Ji
- Department of Neurology, Peking University Third Hospital, Haidian District, Beijing, China
| | - Lu Tang
- Department of Neurology, Peking University Third Hospital, Haidian District, Beijing, China
| | - Nan Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Peking University Third Hospital, Haidian District, Beijing, China
| | - Ji He
- Department of Neurology, Peking University Third Hospital, Haidian District, Beijing, China
| | - Shan Ye
- Department of Neurology, Peking University Third Hospital, Haidian District, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaolu Liu
- Department of Neurology, Peking University Third Hospital, Haidian District, Beijing, China
| | - Dongsheng Fan
- Department of Neurology, Peking University Third Hospital, Haidian District, Beijing, China
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20
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Bury JJ, Highley JR, Cooper-Knock J, Goodall EF, Higginbottom A, McDermott CJ, Ince PG, Shaw PJ, Kirby J. Oligogenic inheritance of optineurin (OPTN) and C9ORF72 mutations in ALS highlights localisation of OPTN in the TDP-43-negative inclusions of C9ORF72-ALS. Neuropathology 2015; 36:125-34. [PMID: 26303227 DOI: 10.1111/neup.12240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2015] [Revised: 07/24/2015] [Accepted: 07/25/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is characterized by motor neurone loss resulting in muscle weakness, spasticity and ultimately death. 5-10% are caused by inherited mutations, most commonly C9ORF72, SOD1, TARDBP and FUS. Rarer genetic causes of ALS include mutation of optineurin (mt OPTN). Furthermore, optineurin protein has been localized to the ubiquitylated aggregates in several neurodegenerative diseases, including ALS. This study: (i) investigated the frequency of mt OPTN in ALS patients in England; (ii) characterized the clinical and neuropathological features of ALS associated with a mt OPTN; and (iii) investigated optineurin neuropathology in C9ORF72-related ALS (C9ORF72-ALS). We identified a heterozygous p.E322K missense mutation in exon 10 of OPTN in one familial ALS patient who additionally had a C9ORF72 mutation. This patient had bulbar, limb and respiratory disease without cognitive problems. Neuropathology revealed motor neurone loss, trans-activation response DNA protein 43 (TDP-43)-positive neuronal and glial cytoplasmic inclusions together with TDP-43-negative neuronal cytoplasmic inclusions in extra motor regions that are characteristic of C9ORF72-ALS. We have demonstrated that both TDP-43-positive and negative inclusion types had positive staining for optineurin by immunohistochemistry. We went on to show that optineurin was present in TDP-43-negative cytoplasmic extra motor inclusions in C9ORF72-ALS cases that do not carry mt OPTN. We conclude that: (i) OPTN mutations are associated with ALS; (ii) optineurin protein is present in a subset of the extramotor inclusions of C9ORF72-ALS; (iii) It is not uncommon for multiple ALS-causing mutations to occur in the same patient; and (iv) studies of optineurin are likely to provide useful dataregarding the pathophysiology of ALS and neurodegeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna J Bury
- Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience (SITraN), Department of Neuroscience, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - J Robin Highley
- Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience (SITraN), Department of Neuroscience, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Johnathan Cooper-Knock
- Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience (SITraN), Department of Neuroscience, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Emily F Goodall
- Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience (SITraN), Department of Neuroscience, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Adrian Higginbottom
- Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience (SITraN), Department of Neuroscience, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Christopher J McDermott
- Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience (SITraN), Department of Neuroscience, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Paul G Ince
- Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience (SITraN), Department of Neuroscience, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Pamela J Shaw
- Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience (SITraN), Department of Neuroscience, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Janine Kirby
- Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience (SITraN), Department of Neuroscience, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
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21
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Dual Role of Autophagy in Neurodegenerative Diseases: The Case of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis. CURRENT TOPICS IN NEUROTOXICITY 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-13939-5_4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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22
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Paulus JD, Link BA. Loss of optineurin in vivo results in elevated cell death and alters axonal trafficking dynamics. PLoS One 2014; 9:e109922. [PMID: 25329564 PMCID: PMC4199637 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0109922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2014] [Accepted: 09/12/2014] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Mutations in Optineurin have been associated with ALS, glaucoma, and Paget’s disease of bone in humans, but little is known about how these mutations contribute to disease. Most of the cellular consequences of Optineurin loss have come from in vitro studies, and it remains unclear whether these same defects would be seen in vivo. To answer this question, we assessed the cellular consequences of Optineurin loss in zebrafish embryos to determine if they showed the same defects as have been described in the in vitro studies. We found that loss of Optineurin resulted in increased cell death, as well as subtle cell morphology, cell migration and vesicle trafficking defects. However, unlike experiments on cells in culture, we found no indication that the Golgi apparatus was disrupted or that NF-κB target genes were upregulated. Therefore, we conclude that in vivo loss of Optineurin shows some, but not all, of the defects seen in in vitro work.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeremiah D. Paulus
- Department of Cell Biology, Neurobiology and Anatomy, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States of America
| | - Brian A. Link
- Department of Cell Biology, Neurobiology and Anatomy, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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23
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Couthouis J, Raphael AR, Daneshjou R, Gitler AD. Targeted exon capture and sequencing in sporadic amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. PLoS Genet 2014; 10:e1004704. [PMID: 25299611 PMCID: PMC4191946 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1004704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2014] [Accepted: 08/25/2014] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a devastating neurodegenerative disease that results in progressive degeneration of motor neurons, ultimately leading to paralysis and death. Approximately 10% of ALS cases are familial, with the remaining 90% of cases being sporadic. Genetic studies in familial cases of ALS have been extremely informative in determining the causative mutations behind ALS, especially as the same mutations identified in familial ALS can also cause sporadic disease. However, the cause of ALS in approximately 30% of familial cases and in the majority of sporadic cases remains unknown. Sporadic ALS cases represent an underutilized resource for genetic information about ALS; therefore, we undertook a targeted sequencing approach of 169 known and candidate ALS disease genes in 242 sporadic ALS cases and 129 matched controls to try to identify novel variants linked to ALS. We found a significant enrichment in novel and rare variants in cases versus controls, indicating that we are likely identifying disease associated mutations. This study highlights the utility of next generation sequencing techniques combined with functional studies and rare variant analysis tools to provide insight into the genetic etiology of a heterogeneous sporadic disease. Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), also known as Charcot disease or Lou Gehrig's disease, is one of the most common neuromuscular diseases worldwide. This disease is characterized by a progressive degeneration of motor neurons, leading to patient death within a few years after onset. Despite the fact that most ALS cases are sporadic, most of the ALS genetic studies have focused on familial forms, leading to the genetic determination of cause for 70% of cases of familial ALS but for only 10% of sporadic ALS cases. This, coupled with the dearth of families available for study, suggests that researchers should begin tapping into the relatively untouched reservoir of available sporadic samples to identify novel genetic causes of sporadic ALS. Here we take advantage of high-throughput target sequencing techniques to test four different hypotheses about the genetic causes of ALS in sporadic ALS and uncover new candidate genes and pathways implicated in ALS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julien Couthouis
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, United States of America
| | - Alya R. Raphael
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, United States of America
| | - Roxana Daneshjou
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, United States of America
| | - Aaron D. Gitler
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Casci I, Pandey UB. A fruitful endeavor: modeling ALS in the fruit fly. Brain Res 2014; 1607:47-74. [PMID: 25289585 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2014.09.064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2014] [Revised: 09/26/2014] [Accepted: 09/27/2014] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
For over a century Drosophila melanogaster, commonly known as the fruit fly, has been instrumental in genetics research and disease modeling. In more recent years, it has been a powerful tool for modeling and studying neurodegenerative diseases, including the devastating and fatal amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). The success of this model organism in ALS research comes from the availability of tools to manipulate gene/protein expression in a number of desired cell-types, and the subsequent recapitulation of cellular and molecular phenotypic features of the disease. Several Drosophila models have now been developed for studying the roles of ALS-associated genes in disease pathogenesis that allowed us to understand the molecular pathways that lead to motor neuron degeneration in ALS patients. Our primary goal in this review is to highlight the lessons we have learned using Drosophila models pertaining to ALS research. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled ALS complex pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ian Casci
- Department of Pediatrics, Child Neurology and Neurobiology, Children׳s Hospital of Pittsburgh, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA 15224, USA; Human Genetics Graduate Program, University of Pittsburgh School of Public Health, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | - Udai Bhan Pandey
- Department of Pediatrics, Child Neurology and Neurobiology, Children׳s Hospital of Pittsburgh, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA 15224, USA.
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Abstract
Our understanding of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), a fatal neurodegenerative disease, is expanding rapidly as its genetic causes are uncovered. The pace of new gene discovery over the last 5 years has accelerated, providing new insights into the pathogenesis of disease and highlighting biological pathways as targets for therapeutic development. This article reviews our current understanding of the heritability of ALS and provides an overview of each of the major ALS genes, highlighting their phenotypic characteristics and frequencies as a guide for clinicians evaluating patients with ALS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew B Harms
- Neuromuscular Division, Department of Neurology, Hope Center for Neurological Disorders, Washington University School of Medicine, 660 South Euclid Avenue, St Louis, MO 63110, USA.
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Soong BW, Lin KP, Guo YC, Lin CCK, Tsai PC, Liao YC, Lu YC, Wang SJ, Tsai CP, Lee YC. Extensive molecular genetic survey of Taiwanese patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Neurobiol Aging 2014; 35:2423.e1-6. [PMID: 24908169 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2014.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2014] [Accepted: 05/05/2014] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Identification of genetic mutations has been of burgeoning importance in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) in recent years. The aim of this study was to determine the frequency and spectrum of mutations in major ALS-causing genes in a Taiwanese ALS cohort of Han Chinese origin. Mutational analyses of the SOD1, TARDBP, FUS, OPTN, VCP, UBQLN2, SQSTM1, PFN1, HNRNPA1, and HNRNPA2B1 genes were carried out by direct sequencing in 161 unrelated patients with ALS, including 30 with familial ALS (FALS) and 131 with sporadic ALS (SALS). The CAG repeat size in ATXN2 and the GGGGCC repeat expansion in C9ORF72 of the patients were also investigated. Mutations were identified in 33 patients (20.5%, 33/161), including 22 with FALS and 11 with SALS. Mutations were identified most frequently in SOD1 (7.5%). Three mutations are novel, including SOD1 p.G10A, SOD1 p.D83N, and OPTN p.L494W. These findings broaden the spectrum of ALS-causing mutations and are indispensable for designing optimal strategies of mutational analysis and genetic counseling of ALS for patients of Chinese origin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing-Wen Soong
- Department of Neurology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Neurology, National Yang-Ming University School of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan; Brain Research Center, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Kon-Ping Lin
- Department of Neurology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Neurology, National Yang-Ming University School of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yuh-Cherng Guo
- Department of Neurology, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan; School of Medicine, College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chou-Ching K Lin
- Department of Neurology, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, Tainan, Taiwan; Department of Neurology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Chien Tsai
- Department of Neurology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Brain Research Center, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Chu Liao
- Department of Neurology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Neurology, National Yang-Ming University School of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Chun Lu
- Department of Neurology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shuu-Jiun Wang
- Department of Neurology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Neurology, National Yang-Ming University School of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan; Brain Research Center, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan; Institute of Brain Science, National Yang-Ming University School of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Piao Tsai
- Department of Neurology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Neurology, National Yang-Ming University School of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Yi-Chung Lee
- Department of Neurology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Neurology, National Yang-Ming University School of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan; Brain Research Center, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.
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27
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Ling SC, Polymenidou M, Cleveland DW. Converging mechanisms in ALS and FTD: disrupted RNA and protein homeostasis. Neuron 2013; 79:416-38. [PMID: 23931993 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2013.07.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1189] [Impact Index Per Article: 108.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/24/2013] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Breakthrough discoveries identifying common genetic causes for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and frontotemporal dementia (FTD) have transformed our view of these disorders. They share unexpectedly similar signatures, including dysregulation in common molecular players including TDP-43, FUS/TLS, ubiquilin-2, VCP, and expanded hexanucleotide repeats within the C9ORF72 gene. Dysfunction in RNA processing and protein homeostasis is an emerging theme. We present the case here that these two processes are intimately linked, with disease-initiated perturbation of either leading to further deviation of both protein and RNA homeostasis through a feedforward loop including cell-to-cell prion-like spread that may represent the mechanism for relentless disease progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuo-Chien Ling
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093-0670, USA
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28
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Iguchi Y, Katsuno M, Ikenaka K, Ishigaki S, Sobue G. Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: an update on recent genetic insights. J Neurol 2013; 260:2917-27. [PMID: 24085347 DOI: 10.1007/s00415-013-7112-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2013] [Revised: 09/10/2013] [Accepted: 09/12/2013] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a devastating neurodegenerative disease affecting both upper and lower motor neurons. The prognosis for ALS is extremely poor, but there is a limited course of treatment with only one approved medication. A most striking recent discovery is that TDP-43 is identified as a key molecule that is associated with both sporadic and familial forms of ALS. TDP-43 is not only a pathological hallmark, but also a genetic cause for ALS. Subsequently, a number of ALS-causative genes have been found. Above all, the RNA-binding protein, such as FUS, TAF15, EWSR1 and hnRNPA1, have structural and functional similarities to TDP-43, and physiological functions of some molecules, including VCP, UBQLN2, OPTN, FIG4 and SQSTM1, are involved in a protein degradation system. These discoveries provide valuable insight into the pathogenesis of ALS, and open doors for developing an effective disease-modifying therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yohei Iguchi
- Department of Neurology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya, 466-8550, Japan
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29
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A novel optineurin truncating mutation and three glaucoma-associated missense variants in patients with familial amyotrophic lateral sclerosis in Germany. Neurobiol Aging 2013; 34:1516.e9-15. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2012.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2012] [Revised: 08/22/2012] [Accepted: 09/07/2012] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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30
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Maruyama H, Kawakami H. Optineurin and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2012; 13:528-32. [PMID: 23279185 DOI: 10.1111/ggi.12022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/15/2012] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis is a devastating disease, and thus it is important to identify the causative gene and resolve the mechanism of the disease. We identified optineurin as a causative gene for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. We found three types of mutations: a homozygous deletion of exon 5, a homozygous Q398X nonsense mutation and a heterozygous E478G missense mutation within its ubiquitin-binding domain. Optineurin negatively regulates the tumor necrosis factor-α-induced activation of nuclear factor kappa B. Nonsense and missense mutations abolished this function. Mutations related to amyotrophic lateral sclerosis also negated the inhibition of interferon regulatory factor-3. The missense mutation showed a cyotoplasmic distribution different from that of the wild type. There are no specific clinical symptoms related to optineurin. However, severe brain atrophy was detected in patients with homozygous deletion. Neuropathologically, an E478G patient showed transactive response DNA-binding protein of 43 kDa-positive neuronal intracytoplasmic inclusions in the spinal and medullary motor neurons. Furthermore, Golgi fragmentation was identified in 73% of this patient's anterior horn cells. In addition, optineurin is colocalized with fused in sarcoma in the basophilic inclusions of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis with fused in sarcoma mutations, and in basophilic inclusion body disease. These findings strongly suggest that optineurin is involved in the pathogenesis of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hirofumi Maruyama
- Department of Epidemiology, Research Institute for Radiation Biology and Medicine, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan.
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31
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Johnson L, Miller JW, Gkazi AS, Vance C, Topp SD, Newhouse SJ, Al-Chalabi A, Smith BN, Shaw CE. Screening for OPTN mutations in a cohort of British amyotrophic lateral sclerosis patients. Neurobiol Aging 2012; 33:2948.e15-7. [PMID: 22892313 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2012.06.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2012] [Accepted: 06/28/2012] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Variants within the optineurin gene (OPTN) are recognized as causative mutations for primary open angle glaucoma. However, 4 different nonsynonymous and 3 different exonic deletion OPTN mutations have recently been identified in Japanese amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) patients. We sought to characterize OPTN genetic variation in a British cohort of ALS cases of Northern European origin. The coding portion of the gene (exons 4-16) was sequenced in a minimum of 75 familial and 120 sporadic ALS patients and an additional 300 sporadic cases in exons previously identified as harboring mutations in Northern European ALS patients. Ten variants were identified, 8 of which are present in single nucleotide polymorphism databases. Two novel synonymous changes were detected in exon 6 from 2 familial ALS cases. These are not predicted to alter splicing and are therefore unlikely to be pathogenic. We conclude that OPTN mutations associated with ALS are rare in British ALS patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren Johnson
- Centre for Neurodegeneration Research, Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London, King's Health Partners, UK
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32
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Iida A, Hosono N, Sano M, Kamei T, Oshima S, Tokuda T, Nakajima M, Kubo M, Nakamura Y, Ikegawa S. Novel deletion mutations of OPTN in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis in Japanese. Neurobiol Aging 2012; 33:1843.e19-24. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2011.12.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2011] [Revised: 12/10/2011] [Accepted: 12/28/2011] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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Polymenidou M, Lagier-Tourenne C, Hutt KR, Bennett CF, Cleveland DW, Yeo GW. Misregulated RNA processing in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Brain Res 2012; 1462:3-15. [PMID: 22444279 PMCID: PMC3707312 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2012.02.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 124] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2012] [Revised: 02/24/2012] [Accepted: 02/24/2012] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) research is undergoing an era of unprecedented discoveries with the identification of new genes as major genetic causes of this disease. These discoveries reinforce the genetic, clinical and pathological overlap between ALS and frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD). Common causes of these diseases include mutations in the RNA/DNA-binding proteins, TDP-43 and FUS/TLS and most recently, hexanucleotide expansions in the C9orf72 gene, discoveries that highlight the overlapping pathogenic mechanisms that trigger ALS and FTLD. TDP-43 and FUS/TLS, both of which participate in several steps of RNA processing, are abnormally aggregated and mislocalized in ALS and FTLD, while the expansion in the C9orf72 pre-mRNA strongly suggests sequestration of one or more RNA binding proteins in pathologic RNA foci. Hence, ALS and FTLD converge in pathogenic pathways disrupting the regulation of RNA processing. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled RNA-Binding Proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalini Polymenidou
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093-6070, USA
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093-6070, USA
| | - Clotilde Lagier-Tourenne
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093-6070, USA
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093-6070, USA
| | - Kasey R. Hutt
- Stem Cell Program and Institute for Genomic Medicine, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093-6070, USA
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093-6070, USA
| | - C. Frank Bennett
- Isis Pharmaceuticals, 2855 Gazelle Court, Carlsbad, CA 92010, USA
| | - Don W. Cleveland
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093-6070, USA
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093-6070, USA
| | - Gene W. Yeo
- Stem Cell Program and Institute for Genomic Medicine, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093-6070, USA
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093-6070, USA
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Naruse H, Takahashi Y, Kihira T, Yoshida S, Kokubo Y, Kuzuhara S, Ishiura H, Amagasa M, Murayama S, Tsuji S, Goto J. Mutational analysis of familial and sporadic amyotrophic lateral sclerosis withOPTNmutations in Japanese population. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012; 13:562-6. [DOI: 10.3109/17482968.2012.684213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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