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Evaluation of genome size and quantitative features of the dolipore septum as taxonomic predictors for the Serendipita 'williamsii' species complex. Fungal Biol 2020; 124:781-800. [PMID: 32883429 DOI: 10.1016/j.funbio.2020.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2019] [Revised: 05/23/2020] [Accepted: 06/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Despite multiple taxonomic revisions, several uncertainties at the genus and species level remain to be resolved within the Serendipitaceae family (Sebacinales). This volatile classification is attributed to the limited number of available axenic cultures and the scarcity of useful morphological traits. In the current study, we attempted to discover alternative taxonomic markers not relying on DNA sequences to differentiate among the closely related members of our Congolese Serendipita isolate collection and the reference strains S. indica (syn. Piriformospora indica) and S. williamsii (syn. P. williamsii). We demonstrated that nuclear distribution across hyphal cells and genome size (determined by flow cytometry) did not have enough resolving power, but quantitative and qualitative variations in the ultrastructure of the dolipore septa investigated by transmission electron microscopy did provide useful markers. Multivariate analysis revealed that subtle differences in ultrastructural characteristics of the parenthesome and the attached endoplasmic reticulum are most relevant when studying this fungal group. Moreover, the observed clustering pattern showed that there might be more diversity amongst the Congolese isolates within the S. 'williamsii' species complex than previously anticipated based on molecular data. Altogether, our results provide novel perspectives on the use of integrative approaches to support sebacinoid and Serendipitaceae taxonomy.
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2
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric C. Swann
- Department of Plant Biology, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - John W. Taylor
- Department of Plant Biology, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720
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3
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Müller WH, Stalpers JA, van Aelst AC, van der Krift TP, Boekhout T. Field emission gun-scanning electron microscopy of septal pore caps of selected species in theRhizoctonias.l. complex. Mycologia 2018. [DOI: 10.1080/00275514.1998.12026896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wally H. Müller
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, EMSA—Centraalbureau voor Schimmelcultures, Utrecht University, Padualaan 8, 3584 CH Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Joost A. Stalpers
- Centraalbureau voor Schimmelcultures, P.O. Box 273, 3740 AG Baarn, The Netherlands
| | - Adriaan C. van Aelst
- Department of Plant Cytology and Morphology, Agricultural University of Wageningen, Arboretumlaan 4, 6703 BD Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Theo P. van der Krift
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, EMSA, Utrecht University, Padualaan 8, 3584 CH Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Teun Boekhout
- Yeast Division of the Centraalbureau voor Schimmelcultures, Julianalaan 67, 2628 BC Delft, The Netherlands
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Kolařík M, Vohník M. When the ribosomal DNA does not tell the truth: The case of the taxonomic position of Kurtia argillacea, an ericoid mycorrhizal fungus residing among Hymenochaetales. Fungal Biol 2017; 122:1-18. [PMID: 29248111 DOI: 10.1016/j.funbio.2017.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2017] [Revised: 09/13/2017] [Accepted: 09/27/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The nuclear ribosomal DNA (nuc-rDNA) is widely used for the identification and phylogenetic reconstruction of Agaricomycetes. However, nuc-rDNA-based phylogenies may sometimes be in conflict with phylogenetic relationships derived from protein coding genes. In this study, the taxonomic position of the basidiomycetous mycobiont that forms the recently discovered sheathed ericoid mycorrhiza was investigated, because its nuc-rDNA is highly dissimilar to any other available fungal sequences in terms of nucleotide composition and length, and its nuc-rDNA-based phylogeny is inconclusive and significantly disagrees with protein coding sequences and morphological data. In the present work, this mycobiont was identified as Kurtia argillacea (= Hyphoderma argillaceum) residing in the order Hymenochaetales (Basidiomycota). Bioinformatic screening of the Kurtia ribosomal DNA sequence indicates that it represents a gene with a non-standard substitution rate or nucleotide composition heterogeneity rather than a deep paralogue or a pseudogene. Such a phenomenon probably also occurs in other lineages of the Fungi and should be taken into consideration when nuc-rDNA (especially that with unusual nucleotide composition) is used as a sole marker for phylogenetic reconstructions. Kurtia argillacea so far represents the only confirmed non-sebacinoid ericoid mycorrhizal fungus in the Basidiomycota and its intriguing placement among mostly saprobic and parasitic Hymenochaetales begs further investigation of its eco-physiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miroslav Kolařík
- Laboratory of Fungal Genetics and Metabolism, Institute of Microbiology, Czech Academy of Sciences (CAS), Vídeňská 1083, CZ-14220 Prague, Czech Republic.
| | - Martin Vohník
- Department of Mycorrhizal Symbioses, Institute of Botany CAS, CZ-252 43 Průhonice, Czech Republic; Department of Experimental Plant Biology, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Viničná 5, CZ-128 44 Prague, Czech Republic
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Rajchenberg M, Pildain MB, Bianchinotti MV, Barroetaveña C. The phylogenetic position of poroid Hymenochaetaceae (Hymenochaetales, Basidiomycota) from Patagonia, Argentina. Mycologia 2017; 107:754-67. [DOI: 10.3852/14-170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2014] [Accepted: 03/10/2015] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - María Belén Pildain
- Centro Forestal CIEFAP–CONICET, CC14, 9200 Esquel, Chubut, Argentina and Universidad Nacional de la Patagonia SJ Bosco, Ruta 259 km 16.2, 9200 Esquel, Chubut, Argentina
| | - María V. Bianchinotti
- Laboratorio Biología de Algas y Hongos, Departamento Biología, Bioquímica y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional del Sur, San Juan 670, B8000ICN Bahía Blanca, Argentina
| | - Carolina Barroetaveña
- Centro Forestal CIEFAP–CONICET, CC14, 9200 Esquel, Chubut, Argentina and Universidad Nacional de la Patagonia SJ Bosco, Ruta 259 km 16.2, 9200 Esquel, Chubut, Argentina
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van Driel KG, Humbel BM, Verkleij AJ, Stalpers J, Müller WH, Boekhout T. Septal pore complex morphology in the Agaricomycotina (Basidiomycota) with emphasis on the Cantharellales and Hymenochaetales. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009; 113:559-76. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mycres.2008.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2007] [Revised: 12/10/2008] [Accepted: 12/16/2008] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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7
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Jenkinson TS, Celio GJ, Padamsee M, Dentinger BTM, Meyer ML, McLaughlin DJ. Conservation of cytoplasmic organization in the cystidia of Suillus species. Mycologia 2008; 100:539-47. [PMID: 18833747 DOI: 10.3852/07-095r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Cystidia of Suillus americanus and S. granulatus (Boletales) were examined cytochemically and ultrastructurally with cells prepared by freeze substitution. We present the first study showing ultrastructural details and cytological functions of the cystidium to be conserved in two closely related species. The results are presented for inclusion in the AFTOL Structural and Biochemical Database <http://aftol.umn.edu> to aid in the application of morphological characters to phylogenetic studies. The cystidia of these Suillus species appear to be united by a series of conserved characters, including specialized secretion mechanisms, smooth tubular endoplasmic reticulum and abundant free ribosomes. The conservation of these subcellular traits among members of this genus suggests that ultrastructural details of cystidia may provide a suite of phylogenetically informative characters. Inclusion of such characters in phylogenetic analyses might resolve or provide support for monophyletic groups at the level of family or genus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas S Jenkinson
- Department of Plant Biology, University of Minnesota, Saint Paul, Minnesota 55108, USA
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Müller WH, Koster AJ, Humbel BM, Ziese U, Verkleij AJ, van Aelst AC, van der Krift TP, Montijn RC, Boekhout T. Automated electron tomography of the septal pore cap in Rhizoctonia solani. J Struct Biol 2000; 131:10-8. [PMID: 10945965 DOI: 10.1006/jsbi.2000.4243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Dolipore septa and septal pore caps (SPCs) in filamentous basidiomycetes may play an important role in maintaining the integrity of hyphal cells. We have investigated the ultrastructure of the dolipore septum and the SPC in Rhizoctonia solani hyphal cells after high-pressure freezing, freeze substitution, and Spurr embedding. We visualized the SPC with associated cell ultrastructures in three dimensions by automated electron tomography of thick-sectioned cells, followed by 3D tomographic reconstructions. Using these methods we were able to document the passage of mitochondria through the SPC, small tubular membranous structures at the entrance of the septal pore channel, filamentous structures connecting the inner side of the SPC with pore-plugging material, thin filaments anchoring the pore-plugging material with the plasma membrane, small vesicles attached to the plugging material, and tubular endoplasmic reticulum continuous with the base of the SPC. We hypothesize that the SPC, the filamentous structures, the plugging material, and the endoplasmic reticulum act in a coordinated fashion to maintain cellular integrity, intercellular communication, and the transport of solutes and cell organelles in the filamentous fungus R. solani.
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Affiliation(s)
- W H Müller
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, EMSA, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Padualaan 8, 3584 CH, The Netherlands
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Hoch HC, Howard RJ. Conventional chemical fixations induce artifactual swelling of dolipore septa. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1981. [DOI: 10.1016/0147-5975(81)90018-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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11
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Moore RT. Taxonomic Significance of Septal Ultrastructure With Particular Reference to the Jelly Fungi. Mycologia 1978. [DOI: 10.1080/00275514.1978.12020316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Royall T. Moore
- School of Biological and Environmental Studies, The New University of Ulster, Coleraine, County Londonderry, Northern Ireland BT52 1SA
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Kozar F, MacDonald BR, Weijer J. Ultrastructure of the dikaryotic form of Cyathus bulleri Brodie. Folia Microbiol (Praha) 1977; 22:518-22. [PMID: 924282 DOI: 10.1007/bf02884485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The fine structure of the dikaryotic form of Cyathus bulleri Brodie was generally found to be similar to that of other hyphal forms of the Basidiomycetes. The nuclear walls were doubled, porous and in some cases connected to the endoplasmic reticulum. The presence of typical as well as filamentous and U-shaped mitochondria was confirmed. Other cellular structures and organelles, among them vacuoles, vesicular and myelinoid-like bodies, often associated with the cell membranes, glycogen and ribosomes were also observed in the cytoplasm. The presence of the dolipore/parenthesome apparatus and clamp connections typical of the Basidiomycetes was established.
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Craig G, Newsam R, Gull K, Wood D. Subhymenial branching and dolipore septation in Agaricus bisporus. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1977. [DOI: 10.1016/s0007-1536(77)80063-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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14
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van der Valk P, Marchant R, Wessels JG. Ultrastructural localization of polysaccharides in the wall and septum of the basidiomycete Schizophyllum commune. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1977. [DOI: 10.1016/s0147-5975(77)80032-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Gull K. Differentiation of septal ultrastructure according to cell type in the basidiomycete, Agrocybe praecox. JOURNAL OF ULTRASTRUCTURE RESEARCH 1976; 54:89-94. [PMID: 1249850 DOI: 10.1016/s0022-5320(76)80011-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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