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Integrative Analysis of Transcriptome and Metabolome to Illuminate the Protective Effects of Didymin against Acute Hepatic Injury. Mediators Inflamm 2023; 2023:6051946. [PMID: 36687218 PMCID: PMC9851790 DOI: 10.1155/2023/6051946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2022] [Revised: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Based on the multiomics analysis, this study is aimed at investigating the underlying mechanism of didymin against acute liver injury (ALI). The mice were administrated with didymin for 2 weeks, followed by injection with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) plus D-galactosamine (D-Gal) to induce ALI. The pathological examination revealed that didymin significantly ameliorated LPS/D-Gal-induced hepatic damage. Also, it markedly reduced proinflammatory cytokines release by inhibiting the TLR4/NF-κB pathway activation, alleviating inflammatory injury. A transcriptome analysis proved 2680 differently expressed genes (DEGs) between the model and didymin groups and suggested that the PI3K/Akt and metabolic pathways might be the most relevant targets. Meanwhile, the metabolome analysis revealed 67 differently expressed metabolites (DEMs) between the didymin and model groups that were mainly clustered into the glycerophospholipid metabolism, which was consistent with the transcriptome study. Importantly, a comprehensive analysis of both the omics indicated a strong correlation between the DEGs and DEMs, and an in-depth study demonstrated that didymin alleviated metabolic disorder and hepatocyte injury likely by inhibiting the glycerophospholipid metabolism pathway through the regulation of PLA2G4B, LPCAT3, and CEPT1 expression. In conclusion, this study demonstrates that didymin can ameliorate LPS/D-Gal-induced ALI by inhibiting the glycerophospholipid metabolism and PI3K/Akt and TLR4/NF-κB pathways.
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Sucajtys-Szulc E, Debska-Slizien A, Rutkowski B, Szolkiewicz M, Swierczynski J, Smolenski RT. Hepatocyte Nuclear Factor 1α Proinflammatory Effect Linked to the Overexpression of Liver Nuclear Factor–κB in Experimental Model of Chronic Kidney Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23168883. [PMID: 36012158 PMCID: PMC9408856 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23168883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2022] [Revised: 08/01/2022] [Accepted: 08/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is associated with low-grade inflammation that activates nuclear factor–κB (NF–κB), which upregulates the expression of numerous NF–κB responsive genes, including the genes encoding IL-6, ICAM-1, VCAM-1, and MCP-1. Herein, we found the coordinated overexpression of genes encoding RelA/p65 (a subunit of NF–κB) and HNF1α in the livers of chronic renal failure (CRF) rats—an experimental model of CKD. The coordinated overexpression of RelA/p65 and HNF1α was associated with a significant increase in IL-6, ICAM-1, VCAM-1, and MCP-1 gene expressions. A positive correlation between liver RelA/p65 mRNA levels and a serum concentration of creatinine and BUN suggest that RelA/p65 gene transcription is tightly related to the progression of renal failure. The knockdown of HNF1α in the HepG2 cell line by siRNA led to a decrease in Rel A/p65 mRNA levels. This was associated with a decrease in IL-6, ICAM-1, VCAM-1, and MCP-1 gene expressions. The simultaneous repression of HNF-1α and RelA/p65 by clofibrate is tightly associated with the downregulation of IL-6, ICAM-1, VCAM-1, and MCP-1 gene expression. In conclusion, our findings suggest that NF–κB could be a downstream component of the HNF1α-initiated signaling pathway in the livers of CRF rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elzbieta Sucajtys-Szulc
- Department of Nephrology, Transplantology, and Internal Medicine, Medical University of Gdansk, Smoluchowskiego 17, 80-214 Gdansk, Poland
| | - Alicja Debska-Slizien
- Department of Nephrology, Transplantology, and Internal Medicine, Medical University of Gdansk, Smoluchowskiego 17, 80-214 Gdansk, Poland
| | - Boleslaw Rutkowski
- Department of Nephrology, Transplantology, and Internal Medicine, Medical University of Gdansk, Smoluchowskiego 17, 80-214 Gdansk, Poland
| | - Marek Szolkiewicz
- Department of Nephrology, Transplantology, and Internal Medicine, Medical University of Gdansk, Smoluchowskiego 17, 80-214 Gdansk, Poland
- Department of Cardiology and Interventional Angiology, Kashubian Center for Heart and Vascular Diseases in Wejherowo, Pomeranian Hospitals, 84-200 Wejherowo, Poland
| | - Julian Swierczynski
- Koszalin State Higher Vocational School, Lesna 1, 75-582 Koszalin, Poland
- Department of Biochemistry, Medical University of Gdansk, Debinki 1, 80-211 Gdansk, Poland
| | - Ryszard Tomasz Smolenski
- Department of Biochemistry, Medical University of Gdansk, Debinki 1, 80-211 Gdansk, Poland
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-58-3491460
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Wang Z, Liang M, Li H, Liu B, Yang L. Rice protein suppresses 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal-induced inflammation owing to methionine availability. Appl Physiol Nutr Metab 2022; 47:826-838. [PMID: 35390263 DOI: 10.1139/apnm-2021-0575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
4-Hydroxy-2-nonenal (HNE) is one of the most important products of lipid peroxidation which induces inflammation. In order to investigate the effect of rice protein (RP) on suppressing HNE-induced inflammation and the role of methionine in regulating the anti-inflammatory function of RP, Wistar rats (male, weighing180-200 g) were ad libitum fed either a pellet diet with oral administration of methionine or ad libitum fed RP for two weeks. RP and methionine significantly reduced HNE levels and effectively suppressed the expressions of cyclooxygenase-2, tumor necrosis factor alpha, interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, and inducible nitric oxide synthase. The anti-inflammatory action of RP was evident from the upregulation of IL-10 and glutathione S-transferase, which played a role in the detoxification of HNE. The results show that the molecular mechanism responsible for the anti-inflammatory function of RP is the inhibition of nuclear factor-κB activation by the downregulation of protein kinase B/phosphoinositide 3 kinase. Further, this study demonstrates that methionine availability contributes to the suppression of HNE-induced inflammation through up-regulating IL-10 and GST in rats fed RP. Novelty: RP suppresses HNE-induced inflammation. Met plays a role in up-regulating IL-10 and GST. Met availability regulates the inhibition of NF-κB by RP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengxuan Wang
- Harbin Institute of Technology, 47822, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China;
| | - Mingcai Liang
- Harbin Institute of Technology, 47822, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China;
| | - Hui Li
- Harbin Institute of Technology, 47822, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China;
| | - Bingxiao Liu
- Harbin Institute of Technology, 47822, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China;
| | - Lin Yang
- Harbin Institute of Technology, 47822, Department of Food Science and Engineering, 92 West Dazhi Street, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China, 150001;
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Wang H, Wei X, Wei X, Sun X, Huang X, Liang Y, Xu W, Zhu X, Lin X, Lin J. 4-hydroxybenzo[d]oxazol-2(3H)-one ameliorates LPS/D-GalN-induced acute liver injury by inhibiting TLR4/NF-κB and MAPK signaling pathways in mice. Int Immunopharmacol 2020; 83:106445. [PMID: 32272395 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2020.106445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2019] [Revised: 03/16/2020] [Accepted: 03/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to synthesize 4-hydroxybenzo[d]oxazol-2(3H)-one (HBO) and to investigate its protective effects on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)/D-galactosamine (D-GalN)-induced acute liver injury. HBO (C7H5O3N) was synthesized based on 2-nitro-resorcinol and identified by physicochemical analysis. In the animal experiment, mice were pretreated with HBO (50, 100, 200 mg/kg) for 10 days. At the end of pretreatment, the animals were injected with LPS (10 µg/kg)/D-GalN (700 mg/kg). The results showed that HBO significantly alleviated liver injury induced by LPS/D-GalN in mice. It remarkably decreased inflammatory response by reducing the levels of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-1β (IL-1β). Moreover, HBO notably attenuated hepatocyte apoptosis by inhibiting the release of Cytochrome C (Cyt C) from mitochondria into the cytoplasm and regulating the expression of B-cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2) family. Furthermore, the result showed that HBO inhibited the expressions of nuclear factor kappa-B p50 (NF-κBp50), toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), and myeloid differentiation factor 88 (MyD88), as well as the phosphorylation of inhibitor of nuclear factor kappa-B (IκB), inhibitor of nuclear factor kappa-B kinase-α/β (IKK-α/β), nuclear factor kappa-B p65 (NF-κBp65), suggesting that HBO had a certain influence on the TLR4/NF-κB pathway. In addition, the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathway was also affected by HBO, as evidenced by the decrease in the phosphorylation levels of extracellular regulated protein kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2), c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38). In conclusion, our study suggested that HBO could protect against LPS/D-GalN-induced liver injury, moreover, treatment with HBO appeared to be capable of further regulating the TLR4/NF-κB and MAPK signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyuan Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China
| | - Xiugui Wei
- Department of Pharmacology, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China
| | - Xian Wei
- Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Youjiang, Guangxi, China
| | - Xuemei Sun
- Department of Pharmacology, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China
| | - Xiukun Huang
- Department of Pharmacology, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China
| | - Yingqin Liang
- Department of Pharmacology, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China
| | - Wanpeng Xu
- Department of Pharmacology, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China
| | - Xunshuai Zhu
- Department of Pharmacology, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China
| | - Xing Lin
- Department of Pharmacology, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China.
| | - Jun Lin
- Department of Pharmacology, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China.
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Rosiglitazone Improves Glucocorticoid Resistance in a Sudden Sensorineural Hearing Loss by Promoting MAP Kinase Phosphatase-1 Expression. Mediators Inflamm 2019; 2019:7915730. [PMID: 31217747 PMCID: PMC6537012 DOI: 10.1155/2019/7915730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2018] [Accepted: 03/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, we investigated the role of MAP kinase phosphatase-1 (MKP-1) and rosiglitazone (RSG) in glucocorticoid resistance and glucocorticoid sensitivity, respectively, using a guinea pig model of lipopolysaccharide- (LPS-) induced sudden sensorineural hearing loss (SSHL). The pigs were divided into control, LPS, LPS+dexamethasone (DEX), LPS+RSG, and LPS+DEX+RSG groups. Their hearing was screened by auditory brainstem response measurement. Immunofluorescence staining was used to identify the location of MKP-1 in the inner ear. The expression levels of MKP-1 and the related proteins in the inner ear were detected using western blotting. The morphological changes in the cochlea were observed via hematoxylin-eosin staining. Severe hearing loss was observed in the LPS group, as opposed to the protection from hearing loss observed in the LPS+DEX+RSG group. A positive correlation was observed between MKP-1 expression levels and protection from hearing loss. RSG and DEX synergistically influenced inner ear inflammation. In conclusion, resistance of LPS-induced SSHL guinea pig models to glucocorticoids may result from impaired MKP-1 function in inner ear tissues, induced by glucocorticoids, impairing the inhibition of inflammation. Our findings present novel targets to develop potential therapeutics to treat inflammatory diseases of the inner ear.
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Han T, Lv Y, Wang S, Hu T, Hong H, Fu Z. PPARγ overexpression regulates cholesterol metabolism in human L02 hepatocytes. J Pharmacol Sci 2019; 139:1-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphs.2018.09.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2018] [Revised: 08/17/2018] [Accepted: 09/18/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
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Li Y, Wang N, Jiang Y. Geraniol protects against lipopolysaccharide and D-galactosamine-induced fulminant hepatic failure by activating PPARγ. Microb Pathog 2018; 128:7-12. [PMID: 30550845 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2018.11.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2018] [Revised: 11/16/2018] [Accepted: 11/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Geraniol (GOH), a natural component of plant essential oils, exhibits potent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. The aim of this study was to assess the protective effects and mechanisms of GOH on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)/d-galactosamine (D-GalN)-induced fulminant hepatic failure (FHF). Mice were treated with GOH (12.5, 25, and 50 μg/kg) 1 h before challenging LPS (60 mg/kg) and D-GalN (800 mg/kg). 8 h later LPS/D-GlaN treatment, mice were sacrificed and the serum and the liver tissues were collected for testing. The liver pathological changes were assessed by H & E staining. MPO activity, MDA level in liver tissues, and AST, ALT levels in serum were detected by specific detection kits. The levels of TNF-α and IL-1β were detected by ELISA. The expression of NF-κB and PPARγ were detected by western blot analysis and qRT-PCR. The results showed that GOH had a protective effect on LPS/D-GalN-induced FHF, as evidence by the attenuation of liver pathological injury, MPO activity, MDA level, and serum AST and ALT levels. GOH reduced liver TNF-α and IL-1β levels through inhibiting NF-κB signaling pathway activation. Furthermore, GOH increased PPARγ expression in FHF induced by LPS/D-GalN. In conclusion, the present study proved that GOH protects against LPS/D-GalN-induced FHF through inhibiting inflammatory response and increasing PPARγ expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Li
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China.
| | - Nian Wang
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Science Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410083, China
| | - Yongfang Jiang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China.
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Silva AKS, Peixoto CA. Role of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease inflammation. Cell Mol Life Sci 2018; 75:2951-2961. [PMID: 29789866 PMCID: PMC11105365 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-018-2838-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2018] [Revised: 04/13/2018] [Accepted: 05/07/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Overweight and obesity have been identified as the most important risk factors for many diseases, including cardiovascular disease, type 2 diabetes and lipid disorders, such as non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). The metabolic changes associated with obesity are grouped to define metabolic syndrome, which is one of the main causes of morbidity and mortality in industrialized countries. NAFLD is considered to be the hepatic manifestation of metabolic syndrome and is one of the most prevalent liver diseases worldwide. Inflammation plays an important role in the development of numerous liver diseases, contributing to the progression to more severe stages, such as non-alcoholic steatohepatitis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) are binder-activated nuclear receptors that are involved in the transcriptional regulation of lipid metabolism, energy balance, inflammation and atherosclerosis. Three isotypes are known: PPAR-α, PPARδ/β and PPAR-γ. These isotypes play different roles in diverse tissues and cells, including the inflammatory process. In this review, we discuss current knowledge on the role PPARs in the hepatic inflammatory process involved in NAFLD as well as new pharmacological strategies that target PPARs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda Karolina Soares Silva
- Laboratory of Ultrastructure, Aggeu Magalhães Institute (IAM), Avenida Professor Moraes Rego, s/n, Cidade Universitária, Recife, PE, 50670-420, Brazil
- Biological Sciences of the Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, PE, Brazil
| | - Christina Alves Peixoto
- Laboratory of Ultrastructure, Aggeu Magalhães Institute (IAM), Avenida Professor Moraes Rego, s/n, Cidade Universitária, Recife, PE, 50670-420, Brazil.
- Institute of Science and Technology on Neuroimmunomodulation (INCT-NIM), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
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Ateyya H, Nader MA, El-Sherbeeny NA. Beneficial effects of rosiglitazone and losartan combination in diabetic rats. Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2018; 96:215-220. [DOI: 10.1139/cjpp-2017-0332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Diabetes with vascular complication needs strict interventions to retard possible serious complications. This research estimated the possible interaction of rosiglitazone (RGN) with losartan (Los) in diabetic rats. Male Sprague–Dawley rats were randomly divided into nondiabetic rats, diabetic rats, and diabetic rats that received RGN, Los, or a combination of RGN and Los. Measurement of serum glucose, vascular adhesion molecule-1, interleukin-6, tumor necrosis factor-α, aortic lipid peroxide (malondialdehyde), glutathione, superoxide dismutase, and total nitrate/nitrite levels was done. Also, the effects of RGN on the relaxation created by acetylcholine and sodium nitroprusside, contraction of isolated aortic rings provoked by phenylephrine and angiotensin II were determined. Results revealed that RGN or Los had a vasodilating effect to variable degrees indicated by enhanced effects on both acetylcholine-induced relaxation and the antagonistic effect on angiotensin II and phenylephrine-stimulated contraction of diabetic aortas with significant amelioration in serum glucose, vascular adhesion molecule-1, interleukin-6, and tumor necrosis factor-α levels and aortic oxidant/antioxidant balance. Treatment of diabetic rats with a combination of RGN and Los produced a more pronounced effect on the measured parameters compared to the diabetic, RGN-, and Los-treated groups. These findings point out the beneficial effects of RGN and Los combination in diabetic rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hayam Ateyya
- College of Pharmacy, Taibah University, El-Madinah El-Munawarah, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Egypt
| | - Manar A. Nader
- College of Pharmacy, Taibah University, El-Madinah El-Munawarah, Saudi Arabia
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Egypt
| | - Nagla A. El-Sherbeeny
- College of Pharmacy, Taibah University, El-Madinah El-Munawarah, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Egypt
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Wang W, Li X, Xu J. Magnesium isoglycyrrhizinate attenuates D-galactosamine/lipopolysaccharides induced acute liver injury of rat via regulation of the p38-MAPK and NF-κB signaling pathways. Immunopharmacol Immunotoxicol 2018; 40:262-267. [PMID: 29486613 DOI: 10.1080/08923973.2018.1441300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Acute hepatic failure involves in serious inflammatory responses and leads to a high mortality. Magnesium isoglycyrrhizinate (MgIG), a magnesium salt of 18-α glycyrrhizic acid (GA) stereoisomer, has been shown anti-inflammatory activity previously. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to investigate the protective effects of MgIG, a hepatocyte protective agent, on D-galactosamine and lipopolysaccharide (D-GaIN/LPS)-induced acute liver injury in rats, and meanwhile explore the molecular mechanism. MATERIALS AND METHODS Male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were injected with D-GaIN/LPS (800 mg/kgBW/10 μg/kgBW) with or without administration of MgIG (225 mg/kg once 6 h after D-GaIN/LPS injection and MgIG 45 mg/kg twice in another 12 h, intraperitoneal injection). Rats were sacrificed 24 h after D-GaIN/LPS injection, the blood and liver samples were collected for future inflammation and hepatotoxicity analyses. RESULTS MgIG significantly inhibited D-GaIN/LPS-induced inflammatory cytokines production and hepatotoxicity as indicated by both diagnostic indicators of liver damage [aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels] and histopathological analysis. Western blot analysis demonstrated that MgIG significantly decreased p38-mitogen activated protein kinase (MAPK) and nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) activation induced by D-GaIN/LPS. CONCLUSION The results indicated that the protective effects of MgIG on D-GaIN/LPS-induced acute liver injury might be correlated with its capacity to regulate the p38-MAPK and NF-κB signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Wang
- a Department of Infectious Diseases , Peking University Third Hospital , Beijing , P R China
| | - XiaoGuang Li
- a Department of Infectious Diseases , Peking University Third Hospital , Beijing , P R China
| | - Jie Xu
- a Department of Infectious Diseases , Peking University Third Hospital , Beijing , P R China
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Association between periodontitis and the risk of palindromic rheumatism: A nationwide, population-based, case-control study. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0182284. [PMID: 28771535 PMCID: PMC5542542 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0182284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2017] [Accepted: 07/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To estimate the association between a history of periodontitis (PD) and the risk of incident palindromic rheumatism (PR). METHODS Using a nationwide, administrative database, this study identified 4,421 newly-diagnosed PR cases from 2007 to 2012 and randomly selected 44,210 non-PR controls matched (1:10) for sex, age and the year of the index date. After adjusting for comorbid diabetes mellitus, we estimated the odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) using conditional logistic regression analysis to quantify the association between a history of PD and the risk of PR. The influences of the lag time and severity of PD were examined by calculating ORs for subgroups of patients based on the time interval between the last PD-related visit and the index date and PD-related cumulative cost and number of visit. RESULTS This study showed an association between a history of PD and incident PR (OR, 1.51; 95% CI, 1.41-1.61). The association remained significant after variation of PD definitions. The magnitude of the association was greater in those with shorter lag time between the latest date of PD diagnosis and PR index date and those who had a higher number of visits for PD or a greater cumulative cost for PD-related visits. After excluding 569 PR patients who developed rheumatoid arthritis after the index date, we found a consistent time- and dose-dependent association between PD and PR risk. CONCLUSION This study demonstrated a time- and dose-dependent association between PD exposure and PR risk.
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12
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Hu K, Gong X, Ai Q, Lin L, Dai J, Cai L, Jiang R, Ge P, Zhang L. Endogenous AMPK acts as a detrimental factor in fulminant hepatitis via potentiating JNK-dependent hepatocyte apoptosis. Cell Death Dis 2017; 8:e2637. [PMID: 28252653 PMCID: PMC5386558 DOI: 10.1038/cddis.2017.62] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2016] [Revised: 01/19/2017] [Accepted: 01/24/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The energy sensor AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is crucial for energy homeostasis. Recent studies have revealed that AMPK is involved in various energy-intensive pathological processes such as inflammation and apoptosis. The physiological functions of hepatic AMPK have been well studied, but the pathological significance of AMPK in liver disorders remains largely unknown. In the present study, the phosphorylation status and the roles of AMPK were investigated in mice with lipopolysaccharide (LPS)/d-galactosamine (D-Gal)-induced fulminant hepatitis. The experimental data indicated that the phosphorylation of hepatic AMPK increased in mice with LPS/D-Gal-induced fulminant hepatitis. Pretreatment with the AMPK inhibitor compound C enhanced the early production of pro-inflammatory cytokines but suppressed the late activation of the caspase cascade, reduced the number of TUNEL-positive cells, decreased the elevation of aminotransferases, alleviated the histological abnormalities and improved the survival rate of LPS/D-Gal-insulted mice. Pretreatment with compound C suppressed LPS/D-Gal-induced phosphorylation of JNK. Inhibition of JNK alleviated LPS/D-Gal-induced liver injury, but the level of p53 remained unchanged in mice exposed to LPS/D-Gal. Post-insult treatment with the AMPK activator A-769662 further increased the phosphorylation levels of AMPK and JNK, enhanced hepatocyte apoptosis and deteriorated liver injury, all of these effects could be reversed by co-administration of the AMPK inhibitor or JNK inhibitor. Interestingly, post-insult treatment with the AMPK inhibitor also resulted in beneficial outcomes. These data suggested that AMPK might be a late detrimental factor in LPS/D-Gal-induced hepatitis via potentiating JNK-dependent hepatocyte apoptosis and AMPK might become a pharmacological target for the intervention of fulminant hepatitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Hu
- Department of Pathophysiology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xianqiong Gong
- Department of Pathophysiology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Hepatology Center, Xiamen Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xiamen, Fujian Province, China
| | - Qing Ai
- Department of Physiology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Ling Lin
- Department of Pathophysiology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jie Dai
- Hospital of Chongqing University of Arts and Sciences, Chongqing, China
| | - Lu Cai
- Department of Pathogenic Biology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Rong Jiang
- Laboratory of Stem cell and Tissue Engineering, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Pu Ge
- Department of Pathophysiology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Li Zhang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Laboratory of Stem cell and Tissue Engineering, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
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Cao X, Zhang L, Chen C, Wang Q, Guo L, Ma Q, Deng P, Zhu G, Li B, Pi Y, Long C, Zhang L, Yu Z, Zhou Z, Li J. The critical role of ABCG1 and PPARγ/LXRα signaling in TLR4 mediates inflammatory responses and lipid accumulation in vascular smooth muscle cells. Cell Tissue Res 2016; 368:145-157. [DOI: 10.1007/s00441-016-2518-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2016] [Accepted: 09/27/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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