1
|
Hayashi T, Tiwary SK, Lim KRQ, Rocha-Resende C, Kovacs A, Weinheimer C, Mann DL. Refining the reproducibility of a murine model of stress-induced reversible cardiomyopathy. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2023; 324:H229-H240. [PMID: 36563015 PMCID: PMC9886343 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00684.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Revised: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Despite the many advantages of isoproterenol (Iso)-induced models of cardiomyopathy, the extant literature suggests that the reproducibility of the Iso-induced stress cardiomyopathy phenotype varies considerably depending on the dose of Iso used, the mode of administration of Iso (subcutaneous vs. intraperitoneal), and the species of the animal that is being studied. Recently, we have shown that a single injection of Iso into female C57BL/6J mice provokes transient myocardial injury that is characterized by a brisk release of troponin I within 1 h, as well as a self-limited myocardial inflammatory response that is associated with increased myocardial tissue edema, inferoapical regional left ventricular (LV) wall motion abnormalities, and a transient decrease in global LV function, which were completely recovered by day 7 after the Iso injection (i.e., stress-induced reversible cardiomyopathy). Here we expand upon this initial report in this model by demonstrating important sexually dimorphic differences in the response to Iso-induced tissue injury, the ensuing myocardial inflammatory response, and changes in LV structure and function. We also provide information with respect to enhancing the reproducibility in this model by optimizing animal welfare during the procedure. The acute Iso-induced myocardial injury model provides a low-cost, relatively high-throughput small-animal model that mimics human disease (e.g., Takotsubo cardiomyopathy). Given that the model can be performed in different genetic backgrounds, as well as different experimental conditions, the acute Iso injury model should provide the cardiovascular community with a valuable nonsurgical animal model for understanding the myocardial response to tissue injury.NEW & NOTEWORTHY The present study highlights the importance of sexual dimorphism with respect to isoproterenol injury, as well as the importance of animal handling and welfare to obtain reproducible results from investigator to investigator. Based on serial observations of animal recovery (locomotor activity and grooming behavior), troponin I release, and inflammation, we identified that the method used to restrain the mice for the intraperitoneal injection was the single greatest source of variability in this model.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tomohiro Hayashi
- Cardiovascular Division, Department of Medicine, Center for Cardiovascular Research, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, Missouri
| | - Sajal K Tiwary
- Cardiovascular Division, Department of Medicine, Center for Cardiovascular Research, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, Missouri
| | - Kenji Rowel Q Lim
- Cardiovascular Division, Department of Medicine, Center for Cardiovascular Research, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, Missouri
| | - Cibele Rocha-Resende
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Attila Kovacs
- Cardiovascular Division, Department of Medicine, Center for Cardiovascular Research, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, Missouri
| | - Carla Weinheimer
- Cardiovascular Division, Department of Medicine, Center for Cardiovascular Research, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, Missouri
| | - Douglas L Mann
- Cardiovascular Division, Department of Medicine, Center for Cardiovascular Research, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, Missouri
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Peter AK, Walker CJ, Ceccato T, Trexler CL, Ozeroff CD, Lugo KR, Perry AR, Anseth KS, Leinwand LA. Cardiac Fibroblasts Mediate a Sexually Dimorphic Fibrotic Response to β-Adrenergic Stimulation. J Am Heart Assoc 2021; 10:e018876. [PMID: 33998248 PMCID: PMC8483546 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.120.018876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Background Biological sex is an important modifier of cardiovascular disease and women generally have better outcomes compared with men. However, the contribution of cardiac fibroblasts (CFs) to this sexual dimorphism is relatively unexplored. Methods and Results Isoproterenol (ISO) was administered to rats as a model for chronic β‐adrenergic receptor (β‐AR)‐mediated cardiovascular disease. ISO‐treated males had higher mortality than females and also developed fibrosis whereas females did not. Gonadectomy did not abrogate this sex difference. To determine the cellular contribution to this phenotype, CFs were studied. CFs from both sexes had increased proliferation in vivo in response to ISO, but CFs from female hearts proliferated more than male cells. In addition, male CFs were significantly more activated to myofibroblasts by ISO. To investigate potential regulatory mechanisms for the sexually dimorphic fibrotic response, β‐AR mRNA and PKA (protein kinase A) activity were measured. In response to ISO treatment, male CFs increased expression of β1‐ and β2‐ARs, whereas expression of both receptors decreased in female CFs. Moreover, ISO‐treated male CFs had higher PKA activity relative to vehicle controls, whereas ISO did not activate PKA in female CFs. Conclusions Chronic in vivo β‐AR stimulation causes fibrosis in male but not female rat hearts. Male CFs are more activated than female CFs, consistent with elevated fibrosis in male rat hearts and may be caused by higher β‐AR expression and PKA activation in male CFs. Taken together, our data suggest that CFs play a substantial role in mediating sex differences observed after cardiac injury.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Angela K Peter
- BioFrontiers Institute University of Colorado Boulder CO.,Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology University of Colorado Boulder CO
| | - Cierra J Walker
- BioFrontiers Institute University of Colorado Boulder CO.,Materials Science and Engineering Program University of Colorado Boulder Boulder CO
| | - Tova Ceccato
- BioFrontiers Institute University of Colorado Boulder CO.,Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology University of Colorado Boulder CO
| | - Christa L Trexler
- BioFrontiers Institute University of Colorado Boulder CO.,Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology University of Colorado Boulder CO
| | - Christopher D Ozeroff
- BioFrontiers Institute University of Colorado Boulder CO.,Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology University of Colorado Boulder CO
| | | | - Amy R Perry
- BioFrontiers Institute University of Colorado Boulder CO
| | - Kristi S Anseth
- BioFrontiers Institute University of Colorado Boulder CO.,Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering University of Colorado Boulder CO
| | - Leslie A Leinwand
- BioFrontiers Institute University of Colorado Boulder CO.,Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology University of Colorado Boulder CO
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Walsh-Wilkinson E, Arsenault M, Couet J. Segmental analysis by speckle-tracking echocardiography of the left ventricle response to isoproterenol in male and female mice. PeerJ 2021; 9:e11085. [PMID: 33763310 PMCID: PMC7958899 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.11085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2020] [Accepted: 02/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
We studied by conventional and speckle-tracking echocardiography, the response of the left ventricle (LV) to a three-week continuous infusion of isoproterenol (Iso), a non-specific beta-adrenergic receptor agonist in male and female C57Bl6/J mice. Before and after Iso (30 mg/kg/day), we characterized LV morphology and function as well as global and segmental strain. We observed that Iso reduced LV ejection in both male (−8.7%) and female (−14.7%) mice. Several diastolic function parameters were negatively regulated in males and females such as E/A, E/E′, isovolumetric relaxation time. Global longitudinal (GLS) and circumferential (GCS) strains were reduced by Iso in both sexes, GLS by 31% and GCS by about 20%. For the segmental LV analysis, we measured strain, strain rate, reverse strain rate, peak speckle displacement and peak speckle velocity in the parasternal long axis. We observed that radial strain of the LV posterior segments were more severely modulated by Iso than those of the anterior wall in males. In females, on the other hand, both posterior and anterior wall segments were negatively impacted by Iso. Longitudinal strain showed similar results to the radial strain for both sexes. Strain rate, on the other hand, was only moderately changed by Iso. Reverse strain rate measurements (an index of diastolic function) showed that posterior LV segments were negatively regulated by Iso. We then studied the animals 5 and 17 weeks after Iso treatment. Compared to control mice, LV dilation was still present in males. Ejection fraction was decreased in mice of both sex compared to control animals. Diastolic function parameters, on the other hand, were back to normal. Taken together, our study indicates that segmental strain analysis can identify LV regions that are more negatively affected by a cardiotoxic agent such as Iso. In addition, cessation of Iso was not accompanied with a complete restoration of cardiac function after four months.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elisabeth Walsh-Wilkinson
- Universite Laval, Groupe de recherche sur les valvulopathies, Centre de recherche de l'Institut universitaire de cardiologie et de pneumologie de Quebec, Quebec, Canada
| | - Marie Arsenault
- Universite Laval, Groupe de recherche sur les valvulopathies, Centre de recherche de l'Institut universitaire de cardiologie et de pneumologie de Quebec, Quebec, Canada
| | - Jacques Couet
- Universite Laval, Groupe de recherche sur les valvulopathies, Centre de recherche de l'Institut universitaire de cardiologie et de pneumologie de Quebec, Quebec, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Yusifov A, Chhatre VE, Zumo JM, Cook RF, McNair BD, Schmitt EE, Woulfe KC, Bruns DR. Cardiac response to adrenergic stress differs by sex and across the lifespan. GeroScience 2021; 43:1799-1813. [PMID: 33651247 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-021-00345-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2020] [Accepted: 02/21/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The aging heart is well-characterized by a diminished responsiveness to adrenergic activation. However, the precise mechanisms by which age and sex impact adrenergic-mediated cardiac function remain poorly described. In the current investigation, we compared the cardiac response to adrenergic stress to gain mechanistic understanding of how the response to an adrenergic challenge differs by sex and age. Juvenile (4 weeks), adult (4-6 months), and aged (18-20 months) male and female mice were treated with the β-agonist isoproterenol (ISO) for 1 week. ISO-induced morphometric changes were age- and sex-dependent as juvenile and adult mice of both sexes had higher left ventricle weights while aged mice did not increase cardiac mass. Adults increased myocyte cell size and deposited fibrotic matrix in response to ISO, while juvenile and aged animals did not show evidence of hypertrophy or fibrosis. Juvenile females and adults underwent expected changes in systolic function with higher heart rate, ejection fraction, and fractional shortening. However, cardiac function in aged animals was not altered in response to ISO. Transcriptomic analysis identified significant differences in gene expression by age and sex, with few overlapping genes and pathways between groups. Fibrotic and adrenergic signaling pathways were upregulated in adult hearts. Juvenile hearts upregulated genes in the adrenergic pathway with few changes in fibrosis, while aged mice robustly upregulated fibrotic gene expression without changes in adrenergic genes. We suggest that the response to adrenergic stress significantly differs across the lifespan and by sex. Mechanistic definition of these age-related pathways by sex is critical for future research aimed at treating age-related cardiac adrenergic desensitization.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aykhan Yusifov
- Division of Kinesiology and Health, University of Wyoming, Laramie, WY, USA
| | | | - Jacob M Zumo
- School of Medicine, WWAMI Medical Education, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Ross F Cook
- Division of Kinesiology and Health, University of Wyoming, Laramie, WY, USA
| | - Benjamin D McNair
- Division of Kinesiology and Health, University of Wyoming, Laramie, WY, USA
| | - Emily E Schmitt
- Division of Kinesiology and Health, University of Wyoming, Laramie, WY, USA.,School of Medicine, WWAMI Medical Education, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Kathleen C Woulfe
- Divisions of Cardiology and Geriatric Medicine, University of Colorado-Denver, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Danielle R Bruns
- Division of Kinesiology and Health, University of Wyoming, Laramie, WY, USA. .,School of Medicine, WWAMI Medical Education, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Nijenkamp LLAM, Bollen IAE, Niessen HWM, dos Remedios CG, Michels M, Poggesi C, Ho CY, Kuster DWD, van der Velden J. Sex-specific cardiac remodeling in early and advanced stages of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0232427. [PMID: 32369506 PMCID: PMC7199944 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0232427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2020] [Accepted: 04/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is the most frequent genetic cardiac disease with a prevalence of 1:500 to 1:200. While most patients show obstructive HCM and a relatively stable clinical phenotype (stage II), a small group of patients progresses to end-stage HCM (stage IV) within a relatively brief period. Previous research has shown sex-differences in stage II HCM with more diastolic dysfunction in female than in male patients. Moreover, female patients more often show progression to heart failure. Here we investigated if differences in functional and structural properties of the heart may underlie sex-differences in disease progression from stage II to stage IV HCM. Cardiac tissue from stage II and IV patients was obtained during myectomy (n = 54) and heart transplantation (n = 10), respectively. Isometric force was measured in membrane-permeabilized cardiomyocytes to define active and passive myofilament force development. Titin isoform composition was assessed using gel electrophoresis, and the amount of fibrosis and capillary density were determined with histology. In accordance with disease stage-dependent adverse cardiac remodeling end-stage patients showed a thinner interventricular septal wall and larger left ventricular and atrial diameters compared to stage II patients. Cardiomyocyte contractile properties and fibrosis were comparable between stage II and IV, while capillary density was significantly lower in stage IV compared to stage II. Women showed more adverse cellular remodeling compared to men at stage II, evident from more compliant titin, more fibrosis and lower capillary density. However, the disease stage-dependent reduction in capillary density was largest in men. In conclusion, the more severe cellular remodeling in female compared to male stage II patients suggests a more advanced disease stage at the time of myectomy in women. Changes in cardiomyocyte contractile properties do not explain the progression of stage II to stage IV, while reduced capillary density may underlie disease progression to end-stage heart failure.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Louise L. A. M. Nijenkamp
- Physiology, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- * E-mail:
| | - Ilse A. E. Bollen
- Physiology, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Hans W. M. Niessen
- Pathology and Cardiac Surgery, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - Michelle Michels
- Department of Cardiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Corrado Poggesi
- Dipartimento di Medicina Sperimentale e Clinica, Università degli Studi di Firenze, Firenze, Italy
| | - Carolyn Y. Ho
- Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States of America
| | - Diederik W. D. Kuster
- Physiology, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Netherlands Heart Institute, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Jolanda van der Velden
- Physiology, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Netherlands Heart Institute, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Pasini E, Comini L, Dioguardi FS, Grossetti F, Olivares A, Zanelli E, Aquilani R, Scalvini S. Hypoalbuminemia as a marker of protein metabolism disarrangement in patients with stable chronic heart failure. Minerva Med 2020; 111:226-238. [PMID: 32166926 DOI: 10.23736/s0026-4806.20.06244-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite therapeutic advances, chronic heart failure (CHF)-related mortality and hospitalization is still unacceptably high. Evidence shows that muscular wasting, sarcopenia, cachexia are independent predictors of mortality and morbidity in CHF and are signs of protein metabolism disarrangement (PMD), which involve all body proteins including circulating one. We postulate that circulating human serum albumin (HSA) could be a marker of PMD and catabolic low-grade inflammation (LGI) in CHF patients. METHODS One hundred sixty-six stable CHF patients (73% males), with optimized therapy referred to cardiac rehabilitation, were retrospectively divided into three groups based on their HSA concentration: ≥3.5 g/dL (normal value), 3.2-3.49 g/dL (low value); ≤3.19 g/dL (severe value). Hematochemical analyses (including circulating proteins and inflammatory markers) and body mass composition (by Bioelectrical Impedance Vector Analysis) were collected and compared. Correlations and multivariate regression were performed. RESULTS Despite being overweight (BMI=27 kg/m2), 75% of patients had reduced HSA (<3.5 g/dL) with suspectable sarcopenia, and 35% of all patients had remarkably lower albumin concentrations (<3.19 g/dL). Hypoalbuminemic patients were disable, older, with reduced muscular proteins, bilirubin and hemoglobin, increased extracellular water and LGI (P<0.01). HSA correlated with all of these parameters (all: P<0.01). Age, LGI, BMI, free-fat Mass, and bilirubin were independent predictors of HSA concentration. All these findings were male-dependent. CONCLUSIONS HSA could be considered a simple marker of PMD and LGI in CHF patients. Evaluation of PMD and gender differences should be considered in new CHF clinical trials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Evasio Pasini
- Cardiac Rehabilitation of the Institute of Lumezzane, Clinical Scientific Institutes Maugeri IRCCS, Brescia, Italy -
| | - Laura Comini
- Clinical Scientific Institutes Maugeri IRCCS, Scientific Direction of the Institute of Lumezzane, Brescia, Italy
| | | | | | - Adriana Olivares
- Clinical Scientific Institutes Maugeri IRCCS, Scientific Direction of the Institute of Lumezzane, Brescia, Italy
| | - Emanuela Zanelli
- Cardiac Rehabilitation of the Institute of Lumezzane, Clinical Scientific Institutes Maugeri IRCCS, Brescia, Italy
| | - Roberto Aquilani
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Simonetta Scalvini
- Cardiac Rehabilitation of the Institute of Lumezzane, Clinical Scientific Institutes Maugeri IRCCS, Brescia, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Medzikovic L, Aryan L, Eghbali M. Connecting sex differences, estrogen signaling, and microRNAs in cardiac fibrosis. J Mol Med (Berl) 2019; 97:1385-1398. [PMID: 31448389 DOI: 10.1007/s00109-019-01833-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2019] [Revised: 07/24/2019] [Accepted: 08/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Sex differences are evident in the pathophysiology of heart failure (HF). Progression of HF is promoted by cardiac fibrosis and no fibrosis-specific therapies are currently available. The fibrotic response is mediated by cardiac fibroblasts (CFs), and a central event is their phenotypic transition to pro-fibrotic myofibroblasts. These myofibroblasts may arise from various cellular origins including resident CFs and epicardial and endothelial cells. Both female subjects in clinical studies and female animals in experimental studies generally present less cardiac fibrosis compared with males. This difference is at least partially considered attributable to the ovarian hormone 17β-estradiol (E2). E2 signals via estrogen receptors to regulate genes are involved in the fibrotic response and myofibroblast transition. Besides protein-coding genes, E2 also regulates transcription of microRNA that modulate cardiac fibrosis. Sex dimorphism, E2, and miRNAs form multi-level regulatory networks in the pathophysiology of cardiac fibrosis, and the mechanism of these networks is not yet fully deciphered. Therefore, this review is aimed at summarizing current knowledge on sex differences, E2, and estrogen receptors in cardiac fibrosis, emphasizing on microRNAs and myofibroblast origins. KEY MESSAGES: • E2 and ERs regulate cardiac fibroblast function. • E2 and ERs may distinctly affect male and female cardiac fibrosis pathophysiology. • Sex, E2, and miRNAs form multi-level regulatory networks in cardiac fibrosis. • Sex-dimorphic and E2-regulated miRNAs affect mesenchymal transition.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lejla Medzikovic
- Department of Anesthesiology, Division of Molecular Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California, Los Angeles, BH-550 CHS, Los Angeles, CA, 90095-7115, USA
| | - Laila Aryan
- Department of Anesthesiology, Division of Molecular Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California, Los Angeles, BH-550 CHS, Los Angeles, CA, 90095-7115, USA
| | - Mansoureh Eghbali
- Department of Anesthesiology, Division of Molecular Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California, Los Angeles, BH-550 CHS, Los Angeles, CA, 90095-7115, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Zhang Y, Liu B, Zhao R, Zhang S, Yu XY, Li Y. The Influence of Sex on Cardiac Physiology and Cardiovascular Diseases. J Cardiovasc Transl Res 2019; 13:3-13. [PMID: 31264093 DOI: 10.1007/s12265-019-09898-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2019] [Accepted: 06/25/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death world-wide. Most of treatment strategies were based on studies conducted on male patients. Studies have shown that significant differences exist between the two sexes in the development of CVD. There are certain differences between men and women in the structure and physiological functions of the heart such as left ventricular mass index, resting heart rate, and contractile function. Accordingly, the pathological features of the heart such as the extend of hypertrophy, fibrosis, and remodeling are also different. In addition, different genders also affect clinical symptoms, responses to treatment and prognosis in the development of CVD. Therefore, it is important to take these differences into consideration when design treatment options for men and women.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yu Zhang
- Institute for Cardiovascular Science and Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Bin Liu
- Department of Cardiology, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130041, Jilin, People's Republic of China
| | - Ranzun Zhao
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563000, Guizhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Saidan Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Xi-Yong Yu
- Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510080, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Yangxin Li
- Institute for Cardiovascular Science and Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Machuki JO, Zhang HY, Geng J, Fu L, Adzika GK, Wu L, Shang W, Wu J, Kexue L, Zhao Z, Sun H. Estrogen regulation of cardiac cAMP-L-type Ca 2+ channel pathway modulates sex differences in basal contraction and responses to β 2AR-mediated stress in left ventricular apical myocytes. Cell Commun Signal 2019; 17:34. [PMID: 30987657 PMCID: PMC6466778 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-019-0346-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2018] [Accepted: 03/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Backgrounds/Aim Male and female hearts have many structural and functional differences. Here, we investigated the role of estrogen (E2) in the mechanisms of sex differences in contraction through the cAMP-L-type Ca2+channel pathway in adult mice left ventricular (LV) apical myocytes at basal and stress state. Methods Isolated LV apical myocytes from male, female (Sham) and ovariectomised mice (OVX) were used to investigate contractility, Ca2+ transients and L-type Ca2+ channel (LTCC) function. The levels of β2AR, intracellular cAMP, phosphodiesterase (PDE 3 and PDE 4), RyR2, PLB, SLN, and SERCA2a were compared among the experimental groups. Results We found that (1) intracellular cAMP, ICaL density, contraction and Ca2+ transient amplitudes were larger in Sham and OVX + E2 myocytes compared to male and OVX. (2) The mRNA expression of PDE 3 and 4 were lower in Sham and OVX + E2 groups compared with male and OVX groups. Treatment of myocytes with IBMX (100 μM) increased contraction and Ca2+ transient amplitude in both sexes and canceled differences between them. (3) β2AR-mediated stress decreased cAMP concentration and peak contraction and Ca2+ transient amplitude only in male and OVX groups but not in Sham or OVX + E2 groups suggesting a cardioprotective role of E2 in female mice. (4) Pretreatment of OVX myocytes with GPR30 antagonist G15 (100 nM) abolished the effects of E2, but ERα and ERβ antagonist ICI 182,780 (1 μM) did not. Moreover, activation of GPR30 with G1 (100 nM) replicated the effects of E2 on cAMP, contraction and Ca2+ transient amplitudes suggesting that the acute effects of E2 were mediated by GPR30 via non-genomic signaling. (5) mRNA expression of RyR2 was higher in myocytes from Sham than those of male while PLB and SLN were higher in male than Sham but no sex differences were observed in the mRNA of SERCA2a. Conclusion Collectively, these results demonstrate that E2 modulates the expression of genes related to the cAMP-LTCC pathway and contributes to sex differences in cardiac contraction and responses to stress. We also show that estrogen confers cardioprotection against cardiac stress by non-genomic acute signaling via GPR30.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Hong-Yuan Zhang
- Physiology Department, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, Jiangsu, China.,Institute of Cardiovascular Disease Research, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221002, China
| | - Juan Geng
- Physiology Department, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, Jiangsu, China.,Institute of Cardiovascular Disease Research, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221002, China
| | - Lu Fu
- Physiology Department, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, Jiangsu, China
| | - Gabriel Komla Adzika
- Physiology Department, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, Jiangsu, China
| | - Lijuan Wu
- Physiology Department, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, Jiangsu, China.,Institute of Cardiovascular Disease Research, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221002, China
| | - Wenkang Shang
- Institute of Cardiovascular Disease Research, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221002, China
| | - Jinxia Wu
- Physiology Department, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, Jiangsu, China
| | - Li Kexue
- Physiology Department, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhiwei Zhao
- Institute of Cardiovascular Disease Research, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221002, China
| | - Hong Sun
- Physiology Department, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, Jiangsu, China.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Dronjak S, Stefanovic B, Jovanovic P, Spasojevic N, Jankovic M, Jeremic I, Hoffmann M. Altered cardiac gene expression of noradrenaline enzymes, transporter and β-adrenoceptors in rat model of rheumatoid arthritis. Auton Neurosci 2017; 208:165-169. [DOI: 10.1016/j.autneu.2017.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2017] [Revised: 10/04/2017] [Accepted: 10/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
|