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Design and synthesis of oligo-lipidated arginyl peptide (OLAP) dimers with enhanced physicochemical activity, peptide stability and their antimicrobial actions against MRSA infections. Amino Acids 2018; 50:1329-1345. [PMID: 30066172 DOI: 10.1007/s00726-018-2607-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2018] [Accepted: 06/21/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Multi-drug resistant pathogens have been of increasing concern today. There is an urgent need for the discovery of more potent antibiotics. Cationic antimicrobial peptides (CAMPs) are known to be effective antimicrobial agents against resistant pathogens. However, poor activity under physiological conditions is one of the major limitations of CAMPS in clinical applications. In this study, a series of oligo-lipidated arginyl peptide OLAP dimers comprised of a saturated fatty acid chain (with m number of carbon units) and p repeating units of arginyl fatty acid chains (with n number of carbon units) were designed and studied for their antimicrobial activities as well as their physico-chemical property in various physiological conditions, such as in human serum albumin and high salt conditions. Our results showed that OLAP-11 exhibits potent antimicrobial activity against Gram-positive bacteria with improved physico-chemical activity in various physiological conditions. OLAP-11 is also less susceptible to human serum and trypsin degradation. The HPLC-MS analysis showed that the lipid-arginine bond is very stable. SYTOX Green assay and scanning electron microscopy both show that the OLAP-11 killed bacteria via inner membrane disruption. In addition, OLAP-11 is inner membrane targeting, making it difficult for bacteria to develop resistance. Overall, the design of the OLAP dimers provides an alternative approach to improve the physicochemical activity, peptide stability of CAMPs with potent inner membrane disruption and low in vitro toxicity to increase their potential for clinical applications in the future.
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Zaman M, Ehtram A, Chaturvedi SK, Nusrat S, Khan RH. Amyloidogenic behavior of different intermediate state of stem bromelain: A biophysical insight. Int J Biol Macromol 2016; 91:477-85. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2016.05.107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2016] [Revised: 04/20/2016] [Accepted: 05/30/2016] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Koh JJ, Lin H, Caroline V, Chew YS, Pang LM, Aung TT, Li J, Lakshminarayanan R, Tan DTH, Verma C, Tan AL, Beuerman RW, Liu S. N-Lipidated Peptide Dimers: Effective Antibacterial Agents against Gram-Negative Pathogens through Lipopolysaccharide Permeabilization. J Med Chem 2015. [PMID: 26214729 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.5b00628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Treating infections caused by multidrug-resistant Gram-negative pathogens is challenging, and there is concern regarding the toxicity of the most effective antimicrobials for Gram-negative pathogens. We hypothesized that conjugating a fatty acid moiety onto a peptide dimer could maximize the interaction with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and facilitate the permeabilization of the LPS barrier, thereby improving potency against Gram-negative pathogens. We systematically designed a series of N-lipidated peptide dimers that are active against Gram-negative bacteria, including carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE). The optimized lipid length was 6-10 carbons. At these lipid lengths, the N-lipidated peptide dimers exhibited strong LPS permeabilization. Compound 23 exhibited synergy with select antibiotics in most of the combinations tested. 23 and 32 also displayed rapid bactericidal activity. Importantly, 23 and 32 were nonhemolytic at 10 mg/mL, with no cellular or in vivo toxicity. These characteristics suggest that these compounds can overcome the limitations of current Gram-negative-targeted antimicrobials such as polymyxin B.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Jie Koh
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, The Academia , 20 College Road, Discovery Tower Level 6, 169856, Singapore.,Department of Ophthalmology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore , 119074, Singapore
| | - Huifen Lin
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, The Academia , 20 College Road, Discovery Tower Level 6, 169856, Singapore
| | - Vonny Caroline
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, The Academia , 20 College Road, Discovery Tower Level 6, 169856, Singapore
| | - Yu Siang Chew
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, The Academia , 20 College Road, Discovery Tower Level 6, 169856, Singapore
| | - Li Mei Pang
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, The Academia , 20 College Road, Discovery Tower Level 6, 169856, Singapore
| | - Thet Tun Aung
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, The Academia , 20 College Road, Discovery Tower Level 6, 169856, Singapore
| | - Jianguo Li
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, The Academia , 20 College Road, Discovery Tower Level 6, 169856, Singapore.,Bioinformatics Institute (A*STAR) , 30 Biopolis Street, 07-01 matrix, 138671, Singapore
| | - Rajamani Lakshminarayanan
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, The Academia , 20 College Road, Discovery Tower Level 6, 169856, Singapore.,SRP Neuroscience and Behavioural Disorders, Duke-NUS Medical School , 169857, Singapore
| | - Donald T H Tan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore , 119074, Singapore.,Singapore National Eye Centre , 11 Third Hospital Avenue, 168751, Singapore
| | - Chandra Verma
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, The Academia , 20 College Road, Discovery Tower Level 6, 169856, Singapore.,Bioinformatics Institute (A*STAR) , 30 Biopolis Street, 07-01 matrix, 138671, Singapore.,School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University , 60 Nanyang Drive, 637551, Singapore.,Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore , 14 Science Drive 4, 117543, Singapore
| | - Ai Ling Tan
- Department of Pathology, Singapore General Hospital , 169608, Singapore
| | - Roger W Beuerman
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, The Academia , 20 College Road, Discovery Tower Level 6, 169856, Singapore.,SRP Neuroscience and Behavioural Disorders, Duke-NUS Medical School , 169857, Singapore
| | - Shouping Liu
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, The Academia , 20 College Road, Discovery Tower Level 6, 169856, Singapore.,SRP Neuroscience and Behavioural Disorders, Duke-NUS Medical School , 169857, Singapore
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Qadeer A, Zaman M, Khan RH. Inhibitory effect of post-micellar SDS concentration on thermal aggregation and activity of papain. BIOCHEMISTRY (MOSCOW) 2014; 79:785-96. [DOI: 10.1134/s0006297914080069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Balasubramanian A, Durairajpandian V, Elumalai S, Mathivanan N, Munirajan AK, Ponnuraj K. Structural and functional studies on urease from pigeon pea (Cajanus cajan). Int J Biol Macromol 2013; 58:301-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2013.04.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2013] [Revised: 03/30/2013] [Accepted: 04/10/2013] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Qadeer A, Rabbani G, Zaidi N, Ahmad E, Khan JM, Khan RH. 1-Anilino-8-naphthalene sulfonate (ANS) is not a desirable probe for determining the molten globule state of chymopapain. PLoS One 2012; 7:e50633. [PMID: 23209794 PMCID: PMC3510187 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0050633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2012] [Accepted: 10/23/2012] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
The molten globule (MG) state of proteins is widely detected through binding with 1-anilino-8-naphthalene sulphonate (ANS), a fluorescent dye. This strategy is based upon the assumption that when in molten globule state, the exposed hydrophobic clusters of protein are readily bound by the nonpolar anilino-naphthalene moiety of ANS molecules which then produce brilliant fluorescence. In this work, we explored the acid-induced unfolding pathway of chymopapain, a cysteine proteases from Carica papaya, by monitoring the conformational changes over a pH range 1.0–7.4 by circular dichroism, intrinsic fluorescence, ANS binding, acrylamide quenching, isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC) and dynamic light scattering (DLS). The spectroscopic measurements showed that although maximum ANS fluorescence intensity was observed at pH 1.0, however protein exhibited ∼80% loss of secondary structure which does not comply with the characteristics of a typical MG-state. In contrast at pH 1.5, chymopapain retains substantial amount of secondary structure, disrupted side chain interactions, increased hydrodynamic radii and nearly 30-fold increase in ANS fluorescence with respect to the native state, indicating that MG-state exists at pH 1.5 and not at pH 1.0. ITC measurements revealed that ANS molecules bound to chymopapain via hydrophobic interaction were more at pH 1.5 than at pH 1.0. However, a large number of ANS molecules were also involved in electrostatic interaction with protein at pH 1.0 which, together with hydrophobically interacted molecules, may be responsible for maximum ANS fluorescence. We conclude that maximum ANS-fluorescence alone may not be the criteria for determining the MG of chymopapain. Hence a comprehensive structural analysis of the intermediate is essentially required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atiyatul Qadeer
- Interdisciplinary Biotechnology Unit, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India
| | - Gulam Rabbani
- Interdisciplinary Biotechnology Unit, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India
| | - Nida Zaidi
- Interdisciplinary Biotechnology Unit, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India
| | - Ejaz Ahmad
- Interdisciplinary Biotechnology Unit, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India
| | - Javed M. Khan
- Interdisciplinary Biotechnology Unit, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India
| | - Rizwan H. Khan
- Interdisciplinary Biotechnology Unit, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India
- * E-mail:
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Povarova OI, Kuznetsova IM, Turoverov KK. Differences in the pathways of proteins unfolding induced by urea and guanidine hydrochloride: molten globule state and aggregates. PLoS One 2010; 5:e15035. [PMID: 21152408 PMCID: PMC2994796 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0015035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2010] [Accepted: 10/11/2010] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
It was shown that at low concentrations guanidine hydrochloride (GdnHCl) can cause aggregation of proteins in partially folded state and that fluorescent dye 1-anilinonaphthalene-8-sulfonic acid (ANS) binds with these aggregates rather than with hydrophobic clusters on the surface of protein in molten globule state. That is why the increase in ANS fluorescence intensity is often recorded in the pathway of protein denaturation by GdnHCl, but not by urea. So what was previously believed to be the molten globule state in the pathway of protein denaturation by GdnHCl, in reality, for some proteins represents the aggregates of partially folded molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga I. Povarova
- Laboratory of Structural Dynamics, Stability and Folding of Proteins, Institute of Cytology of the Russian Academy of Science, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Irina M. Kuznetsova
- Laboratory of Structural Dynamics, Stability and Folding of Proteins, Institute of Cytology of the Russian Academy of Science, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Konstantin K. Turoverov
- Laboratory of Structural Dynamics, Stability and Folding of Proteins, Institute of Cytology of the Russian Academy of Science, St. Petersburg, Russia
- * E-mail:
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Oztug Durer ZA, Cohlberg JA, Dinh P, Padua S, Ehrenclou K, Downes S, Tan JK, Nakano Y, Bowman CJ, Hoskins JL, Kwon C, Mason AZ, Rodriguez JA, Doucette PA, Shaw BF, Valentine JS. Loss of metal ions, disulfide reduction and mutations related to familial ALS promote formation of amyloid-like aggregates from superoxide dismutase. PLoS One 2009; 4:e5004. [PMID: 19325915 PMCID: PMC2659422 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0005004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2008] [Accepted: 03/03/2009] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Mutations in the gene encoding Cu-Zn superoxide dismutase (SOD1) are one of the causes of familial amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (FALS). Fibrillar inclusions containing SOD1 and SOD1 inclusions that bind the amyloid-specific dye thioflavin S have been found in neurons of transgenic mice expressing mutant SOD1. Therefore, the formation of amyloid fibrils from human SOD1 was investigated. When agitated at acidic pH in the presence of low concentrations of guanidine or acetonitrile, metalated SOD1 formed fibrillar material which bound both thioflavin T and Congo red and had circular dichroism and infrared spectra characteristic of amyloid. While metalated SOD1 did not form amyloid-like aggregates at neutral pH, either removing metals from SOD1 with its intramolecular disulfide bond intact or reducing the intramolecular disulfide bond of metalated SOD1 was sufficient to promote formation of these aggregates. SOD1 formed amyloid-like aggregates both with and without intermolecular disulfide bonds, depending on the incubation conditions, and a mutant SOD1 lacking free sulfhydryl groups (AS-SOD1) formed amyloid-like aggregates at neutral pH under reducing conditions. ALS mutations enhanced the ability of disulfide-reduced SOD1 to form amyloid-like aggregates, and apo-AS-SOD1 formed amyloid-like aggregates at pH 7 only when an ALS mutation was also present. These results indicate that some mutations related to ALS promote formation of amyloid-like aggregates by facilitating the loss of metals and/or by making the intramolecular disulfide bond more susceptible to reduction, thus allowing the conversion of SOD1 to a form that aggregates to form resembling amyloid. Furthermore, the occurrence of amyloid-like aggregates per se does not depend on forming intermolecular disulfide bonds, and multiple forms of such aggregates can be produced from SOD1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeynep A. Oztug Durer
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, California State University Long Beach, Long Beach, California, United States of America
| | - Jeffrey A. Cohlberg
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, California State University Long Beach, Long Beach, California, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | - Phong Dinh
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, California State University Long Beach, Long Beach, California, United States of America
| | - Shelby Padua
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, California State University Long Beach, Long Beach, California, United States of America
| | - Krista Ehrenclou
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, California State University Long Beach, Long Beach, California, United States of America
| | - Sean Downes
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, California State University Long Beach, Long Beach, California, United States of America
| | - James K. Tan
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, California State University Long Beach, Long Beach, California, United States of America
| | - Yoko Nakano
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, California State University Long Beach, Long Beach, California, United States of America
| | - Christopher J. Bowman
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, California State University Long Beach, Long Beach, California, United States of America
| | - Jessica L. Hoskins
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, California State University Long Beach, Long Beach, California, United States of America
| | - Chuhee Kwon
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, California State University Long Beach, Long Beach, California, United States of America
| | - Andrew Z. Mason
- Department of Biological Sciences, California State University Long Beach, Long Beach, California, United States of America
| | - Jorge A. Rodriguez
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Peter A. Doucette
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Bryan F. Shaw
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Joan Selverstone Valentine
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
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Harrison RS, Sharpe PC, Singh Y, Fairlie DP. Amyloid peptides and proteins in review. Rev Physiol Biochem Pharmacol 2007; 159:1-77. [PMID: 17846922 DOI: 10.1007/112_2007_0701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Amyloids are filamentous protein deposits ranging in size from nanometres to microns and composed of aggregated peptide beta-sheets formed from parallel or anti-parallel alignments of peptide beta-strands. Amyloid-forming proteins have attracted a great deal of recent attention because of their association with over 30 diseases, notably neurodegenerative conditions like Alzheimer's, Huntington's, Parkinson's, Creutzfeldt-Jacob and prion disorders, but also systemic diseases such as amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (Lou Gehrig's disease) and type II diabetes. These diseases are all thought to involve important conformational changes in proteins, sometimes termed misfolding, that usually produce beta-sheet structures with a strong tendency to aggregate into water-insoluble fibrous polymers. Reasons for such conformational changes in vivo are still unclear. Intermediate aggregated state(s), rather than precipitated insoluble polymeric aggregates, have recently been implicated in cellular toxicity and may be the source of aberrant pathology in amyloid diseases. Numerous in vitro studies of short and medium length peptides that form amyloids have provided some clues to amyloid formation, with an alpha-helix to beta-sheet folding transition sometimes implicated as an intermediary step leading to amyloid formation. More recently, quite a few non-pathological amyloidogenic proteins have also been identified and physiological properties have been ascribed, challenging previous implications that amyloids were always disease causing. This article summarises a great deal of current knowledge on the occurrence, structure, folding pathways, chemistry and biology associated with amyloidogenic peptides and proteins and highlights some key factors that have been found to influence amyloidogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- R S Harrison
- Centre for Drug Design and Development, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, University of Queensland, QLD 4072, Brisbane, Australia
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The formation of amyloid fibril-like hen egg-white lysozyme species induced by temperature and urea concentration-dependent denaturation. KOREAN J CHEM ENG 2007. [DOI: 10.1007/s11814-007-0042-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Khoudi H, Beauregard M. The de novo designed nutritive protein MB-1Trp does not resist proteolytic degradation in alfalfa leaves. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2005; 43:1039-43. [PMID: 16386425 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2005.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2005] [Revised: 06/15/2005] [Accepted: 10/23/2005] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
We previously reported on a de novo designed protein "milk bundle-1Trp" (MB-1Trp) as a source of selected essential amino acids (EAA) for ruminant feeding. Here, we attempt to express this de novo designed protein in alfalfa. The microbial version of the gene encoding the protein was modified in order to achieve two expression strategies in transgenic alfalfa plants. Chimeric MB-1Trp genes alone or fused to a signal peptide and an endoplasmic reticulum retention sequence were introduced into alfalfa via Agrobacterium-mediated transformation. Polymerase chain reaction and reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction analysis performed on individual transgenic lines demonstrated that the MB-1Trp gene was correctly integrated and transcribed into mRNA. However, under our conditions, it was impossible to detect MB-1Trp protein expression in any of the transgenic plants analyzed. In order to assess MB-1Trp stability in alfalfa, Escherichia coli-derived MB-1Trp was incubated with proteins extracted from leaves of a non-transgenic plant. This study revealed a high susceptibility of mature MB-1Trp to alfalfa proteases, which may have contributed to its lack of accumulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Habib Khoudi
- Plant Biology Research Group, Département de chimie-biologie, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, C.P. 500, Trois-Rivières, Que., Canada G9A5H7
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