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Espeso EA, Villarino M, Carreras M, Alonso-Guirado L, Alonso JM, Melgarejo P, Larena I. Altered nitrogen metabolism in biocontrol strains of Penicillium rubens. Fungal Genet Biol 2019; 132:103263. [PMID: 31419528 DOI: 10.1016/j.fgb.2019.103263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2019] [Revised: 07/31/2019] [Accepted: 08/11/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
The importance of the metabolic route of nitrogen in the fungus Penicillium rubens (strain PO212) is studied in relation to its biocontrol activity (BA). PO212 can resist a high concentration of chlorate anion and displays a classical nitrate-deficiency (nit-) phenotype resulting in poor colonial growth when nitrate is used as the main source of nitrogen. Analyses of genes implicated in nitrate assimilation evidenced the strong sequence conservation of PO212 and CH8 genome with penicillin producers such as reference strain P. rubens Wisconsin 54-1255, P2niaD18 and Pc3, however also revealed the presence of mutations. PO212 carries a mutation in the gene coding for zinc-binuclear cluster transcription factor NirA that specifically mediates the regulation of genes involved in nitrate assimilation. The nirA1 mutation causes an early stop of NirA factor, losing 66% of its sequence. The NirA1 mutant form is unable to mediate a nitrate-dependent regulation of nitrate and nitrite reductase coding genes. In this study, we study another isolate, CH8, with potential BA and nit- phenotype. A mutation in the nitrate permease coding gene crnA was found in CH8. An insertion of a guanine in the coding sequence cause a frameshift in CrnA with the loss of the last two transmembrane domains. Analysis of PO212 and CH8 isolates and complementation strains show the importance of NirA regulator in maintaining correct transcriptional levels of nitrate and nitrite reductases and suggest CrnA as the main nitrate transporter. the presence of alternative transporter for chlorate and the existence of a mechanism for preventing nitrite derived toxicity in Penicillum. BA of PO212 is partially altered when nirA1 mutation was complemented. This result and the finding of CH8, a novel biocontrol P. rubens strain with a nit- phenotype, suggest that nitrogen metabolism is a component of biocontrol capacity.
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Affiliation(s)
- E A Espeso
- Centro Investigaciones Biológicas, CSIC, Departamento de Biología Molecular y Celular, Ramiro de Maeztu, 9, Madrid 28040, Spain.
| | - M Villarino
- SGIT-INIA, Departamento de Protección Vegetal, Carretera de la Coruña, km 7, Madrid 28040, Spain.
| | - M Carreras
- SGIT-INIA, Departamento de Protección Vegetal, Carretera de la Coruña, km 7, Madrid 28040, Spain.
| | - L Alonso-Guirado
- Centro Investigaciones Biológicas, CSIC, Departamento de Biología Molecular y Celular, Ramiro de Maeztu, 9, Madrid 28040, Spain; Spanish National Cancer Research Centre CNIO, Genetic & Molecular Epidemiology Group, Madrid 28029, Spain(1).
| | - J M Alonso
- Centro Investigaciones Biológicas, CSIC, Departamento de Biología Molecular y Celular, Ramiro de Maeztu, 9, Madrid 28040, Spain
| | - P Melgarejo
- SGIT-INIA, Departamento de Protección Vegetal, Carretera de la Coruña, km 7, Madrid 28040, Spain.
| | - I Larena
- SGIT-INIA, Departamento de Protección Vegetal, Carretera de la Coruña, km 7, Madrid 28040, Spain.
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Sinitsyn AP, Rubtsova EA, Shashkov IA, Rozhkova AM, Sinitsyna OA, Kondrat’eva EG, Zorov IN, Merzlov DA, Osipov DO, Matys VY. Preparation and properties of new biocatalysts for the degradation of nonstarch plant polysaccharides. Catal Ind 2017. [DOI: 10.1134/s2070050417040092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Lima JO, Pereira JF, Araújo EFD, Queiroz MVD. Pectin lyase overproduction by Penicillium griseoroseum mutants resistant to catabolite repression. Braz J Microbiol 2017; 48:602-606. [PMID: 28237679 PMCID: PMC5498439 DOI: 10.1016/j.bjm.2016.12.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2016] [Revised: 12/09/2016] [Accepted: 12/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Expression of pectinolytic genes is regulated by catabolic repression limiting the production of pectin lyase (PL) if the natural inducer, pectin, is missing from the growth medium. Here, we report the isolation of Penicillium griseoroseum mutants resistant to 2-deoxy-d-glucose (DG) that show resistance to catabolite repression and overproduce PL. Three spontaneous and nine UV-induced mutants were obtained. Some mutants produced sectors (segments morphologically different) that were also studied. The mutants were analyzed for pectinases production on pectinase-agar plates and five mutants and two sectors showing larger clearing zones than the wild type were selected for quantitative assay. Although PL production higher than the wild type has been found, phenotype instability was observed for most of the mutants and, after transfers to nonselective medium, the DG resistance was no longer present. Only mutants M03 and M04 were stable maintaining the DG-resistance phenotype. When growing for 120 h in liquid medium containing glucose with or without pectin, both mutants showed higher PL production. In the presence of glucose as sole carbon source, the mutant M03 produced 7.8-fold more PL than the wild type. Due its phenotypic stability and PL overproduction, the mutant M03 presents potential for industrial applications.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jorge Fernando Pereira
- Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Departamento de Microbiologia, Viçosa, MG, Brazil; Embrapa Trigo, Passo Fundo, RS, Brazil
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Bazzolli DMS, Reis KCP, Teixeira JA, Ribon AOB, de Queiroz MV, de Araújo EF. The minimal regulatory region necessary for the expression of the Penicillium griseoroseum plg1 gene. ANN MICROBIOL 2015; 65:1145-1148. [DOI: 10.1007/s13213-014-0873-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
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Ribeiro Corrêa TL, de Queiroz MV, de Araújo EF. Cloning, recombinant expression and characterization of a new phytase from Penicillium chrysogenum. Microbiol Res 2015; 170:205-12. [DOI: 10.1016/j.micres.2014.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2013] [Revised: 06/09/2014] [Accepted: 06/15/2014] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Teixeira JA, Nogueira GB, de Queiroz MV, de Araújo EF. Genome organization and assessment of high copy number and increased expression of pectinolytic genes from Penicillium griseoroseum: a potential heterologous system for protein production. J Ind Microbiol Biotechnol 2014; 41:1571-80. [PMID: 25099254 DOI: 10.1007/s10295-014-1486-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2013] [Accepted: 01/08/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The fungus Penicillium griseoroseum has the potential for application on an industrial scale as a host for the production of homologous and heterologous proteins, mainly because it does not produce some mycotoxins or secrete proteases under the growth conditions for pectinase production. However, for the fungus to be used effectively as an expression heterologous system, an understanding of the organization of its genome, as well as the mechanisms of gene expression and protein production, is required. In the present study, the size of the P. griseoroseum genome was estimated to be 29.8-31.5 Mb, distributed among four chromosomes. An analysis of plg1 and pgg2 pectinolytic genes expression and copy number in recombinant multi-copy strains of P. griseoroseum demonstrated that an increase in the number of gene copies could increase enzyme production, but the transcription could be affected by the gene integration position. Placing a copy of the plg1 gene under the control of the gpd promoter of Aspergillus nidulans yielded a 200-fold increase in transcription levels compared to the endogenous gene, and two copies of the pgg2 gene produced an 1100-fold increase compared with the endogenous gene. These results demonstrated that transcription, translation, and protein secretion in the fungus P. griseoroseum respond to an increased number of gene copies in the genome. The processing capacity and efficiency of protein secretion in P. griseoroseum are consistent with our premise that this fungus can be used for the industrial-scale production of several enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janaina Aparecida Teixeira
- Departamento de Microbiologia/BIOAGRO, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, MG, CEP 36570-000, Brazil
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Corrêa T, Zubieta M, Teixeira J, de Queiroz M, de Araújo E. Carboxyl ester hydrolase from Penicillium expansum
: cloning, characterization and overproduction by Penicillium griseoroseum. J Appl Microbiol 2013; 115:114-24. [DOI: 10.1111/jam.12215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2013] [Revised: 03/27/2013] [Accepted: 04/01/2013] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- T.L.R. Corrêa
- Department of Microbiology/BIOAGRO; Federal University of Viçosa (Universidade Federal de Viçosa); Viçosa MG Brazil
| | - M.P. Zubieta
- Department of Microbiology/BIOAGRO; Federal University of Viçosa (Universidade Federal de Viçosa); Viçosa MG Brazil
| | - J.A. Teixeira
- Department of Microbiology/BIOAGRO; Federal University of Viçosa (Universidade Federal de Viçosa); Viçosa MG Brazil
| | - M.V. de Queiroz
- Department of Microbiology/BIOAGRO; Federal University of Viçosa (Universidade Federal de Viçosa); Viçosa MG Brazil
| | - E.F. de Araújo
- Department of Microbiology/BIOAGRO; Federal University of Viçosa (Universidade Federal de Viçosa); Viçosa MG Brazil
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Teixeira JA, Corrêa TLR, de Queiroz MV, de Araújo EF. pH-dependent effect of pectinase secretion in Penicillium griseoroseum
recombinant strains. J Basic Microbiol 2013; 54:133-41. [DOI: 10.1002/jobm.201200325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2012] [Accepted: 09/29/2012] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Janaina Aparecida Teixeira
- Department of Microbiology/BIOAGRO; Federal University of Viçosa (Universidade Federal de Viçosa); Viçosa-MG Brazil
| | - Thamy Lívia Ribeiro Corrêa
- Department of Microbiology/BIOAGRO; Federal University of Viçosa (Universidade Federal de Viçosa); Viçosa-MG Brazil
| | - Marisa Vieira de Queiroz
- Department of Microbiology/BIOAGRO; Federal University of Viçosa (Universidade Federal de Viçosa); Viçosa-MG Brazil
| | - Elza Fernandes de Araújo
- Department of Microbiology/BIOAGRO; Federal University of Viçosa (Universidade Federal de Viçosa); Viçosa-MG Brazil
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Nogueira GB, Queiroz MV, Ribeiro RA, Araújo EF. Structural and functional characterization of the Colletotrichum lindemuthianum nit1 gene, which encodes a nitrate eductase enzyme. Genet Mol Res 2013; 12:420-33. [PMID: 23420367 DOI: 10.4238/2013.february.8.7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Colletotrichum lindemuthianum is the causal agent of plant bean anthracnose, one of the most important diseases affecting the common bean. We investigated the structure and expression of the nit1 gene (nitrate reductase) of C. lindemuthianum. The nit1 gene open reading frame contains 2787 bp, interrupted by a single 69-bp intron. The predicted protein has 905 amino acids; it shows high identity with the nitrate reductase of C. higginsianum (79%) and C. graminicola (73%). Expression of nit1 in C. lindemuthianum was evaluated in mycelia grown on different nitrogen sources under conditions of activation and repression. The gene was expressed after 15 min of induction with nitrate, reaching maximum expression at 360 min. The transcription was repressed in mycelia grown in media enriched with ammonia, urea or glutamine. Twenty nit1⁻ mutants were obtained in a medium treated with chlorate. Ten of these mutants were characterized by DNA hybridization, which identified point mutations, a deletion and an insertion. These rearrangements in the nit1 gene in the different mutants may have occurred through activity of transposable elements.
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Affiliation(s)
- G B Nogueira
- Departamento de Microbiologia, Instituto de Biotecnologia Aplicada à Agropecuária, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, MG, Brasil
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Teixeira JA, Ribeiro JB, Gonçalves DB, de Queiroz MV, de Araújo EF. Overproduction of Polygalacturonase by Penicillium griseoroseum Recombinant Strains and Functional Analysis by Targeted Disruption of the pgg2 Gene. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2013; 169:1965-77. [DOI: 10.1007/s12010-013-0121-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2012] [Accepted: 01/14/2013] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Gonçalves DB, Teixeira JA, Bazzolli DMS, Queiroz MVD, Araújo EFD. Use of response surface methodology to optimize production of pectinases by recombinant Penicillium griseoroseum T20. Biocatalysis and Agricultural Biotechnology 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcab.2011.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Abstract
AIMS To obtain recombinant strains of Penicillium griseoroseum that produce high levels of pectin lyase (PL) and polygalacturonase (PG) simultaneously. METHODS AND RESULTS A strain with high production of PL was transformed with the plasmid pAN52pgg2, containing the gene encoding PG of P. griseoroseum, under control of the gpd promoter gene from Aspergillus nidulans. Southern blot analysis demonstrated that all strain had at least one copy of pAN52pgg2 integrated into the genome. The recombinant strain P. griseoroseum T20 produced levels of PL and PG that were 266- and 27-fold greater, respectively, than the wild-type strain. Furthermore, the extracellular protein profile of recombinant T20 showed two protein bands of c. 36 and 38 kDa, associated with PL and PG, respectively. CONCLUSIONS This recombinant strain T20 produces PL and PG using carbon sources of low costs, and an enzyme preparation that is free of cellulolytic and proteolytic activities. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY PL and PG play an important role in the degradation of pectin. Owing to their use in the juice and wines industries, there is a growing interest in the inexpensive production of these enzymes. This work describes an efficient system of protein expression and secretion using the fungus P. griseoroseum.
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Affiliation(s)
- J A Teixeira
- Departamento de Microbiologia/BIOAGRO, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa-MG, Brazil
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Cardoso PG, Teixeira JA, de Queiroz MV, de Araújo EF. Pectin lyase production by recombinant Penicillium griseoroseum strain 105. Can J Microbiol 2010; 56:831-7. [DOI: 10.1139/w10-072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Recombinant Penicillium griseoroseum strain 105 overproduces an extracellular pectin lyase (PL) under the transcriptional control of the strong gpdA promoter of Aspergillus nidulans . Our aim was to evaluate PL production by recombinant P. griseoroseum strain 105 in submerged fermentation system bioreactors BioFloIII and BioFloIV using 2 or 10 L working volumes under different growth conditions and to analyze the production of cellulase, polygalacturonase, pectin methylesterase, and protease. PL overproduction by recombinant P. griseoroseum strain 105 was 112 times higher than that of P. griseoroseum PG63 grown in sugarcane juice. Cellulases and proteases were not detected in the culture filtrate, and evaluation for extracellular proteins in the culture medium by SDS–PAGE showed the presence of a 36 kDa predominant band, similar to the molecular mass estimated from the nucleotide sequence of plg1 gene for PL of P. griseoroseum strain 105. This recombinant strain provides the advantage of PL production, which predominates over other extracellular proteins usually present in most commercial pectinase preparations, using sugarcane juice as a substrate of low cost.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrícia Gomes Cardoso
- Departamento de Biologia, Setor de Microbiologia, Universidade Federal de Lavras, Lavras-MG, Brazil
- Departamento de Microbiologia, Instituto de Biotecnologia Aplicada à Agropecuária (BIOAGRO), Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa-MG, Brazil
| | - Janaina Aparecida Teixeira
- Departamento de Biologia, Setor de Microbiologia, Universidade Federal de Lavras, Lavras-MG, Brazil
- Departamento de Microbiologia, Instituto de Biotecnologia Aplicada à Agropecuária (BIOAGRO), Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa-MG, Brazil
| | - Marisa Vieira de Queiroz
- Departamento de Biologia, Setor de Microbiologia, Universidade Federal de Lavras, Lavras-MG, Brazil
- Departamento de Microbiologia, Instituto de Biotecnologia Aplicada à Agropecuária (BIOAGRO), Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa-MG, Brazil
| | - Elza Fernandes de Araújo
- Departamento de Biologia, Setor de Microbiologia, Universidade Federal de Lavras, Lavras-MG, Brazil
- Departamento de Microbiologia, Instituto de Biotecnologia Aplicada à Agropecuária (BIOAGRO), Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa-MG, Brazil
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Chang P, Scharfenstein LL, Wei Q, Bhatnagar D. Development and refinement of a high-efficiency gene-targeting system for Aspergillus flavus. J Microbiol Methods 2010; 81:240-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mimet.2010.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2010] [Revised: 02/19/2010] [Accepted: 03/04/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Navarrete K, Roa A, Vaca I, Espinosa Y, Navarro C, Chávez R. Molecular characterization of the niaD and pyrG genes from Penicillium camemberti, and their use as transformation markers. Cell Mol Biol Lett 2009; 14:692-702. [PMID: 19562269 PMCID: PMC6276012 DOI: 10.2478/s11658-009-0028-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2009] [Accepted: 06/23/2009] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Genetic manipulation of the filamentous fungus Penicillium camemberti has been limited by a lack of suitable genetics tools for this fungus. In particular, there is no available homologous transformation system. In this study, the nitrate reductase (niaD) and orotidine-5'-monophosphate decarboxylase (pyrG) genes from Penicillium camemberti were characterized, and their suitability as metabolic molecular markers for transformation was evaluated. The genes were amplified using PCR-related techniques, and sequenced. The niaD gene is flanked by the nitrite reductase (niiA) gene in a divergent arrangement, being part of the putative nitrate assimilation cluster in P. camemberti. pyrG presents several polymorphisms compared with a previously sequenced pyrG gene from another P. camemberti strain, but almost all are silent mutations. Southern blot assays indicate that one copy of each gene is present in P. camemberti. Northern blot assays showed that the pyrG gene is expressed in minimal and rich media, and the niaD gene is expressed in nitrate, but not in reduced nitrogen sources. The functionality of the two genes as transformation markers was established by transforming A. nidulans pyrG- and niaD-deficient strains. Higher transformation efficiencies were obtained with a pyrG-containing plasmid. This is the first study yielding a molecular and functional characterization of P. camemberti genes that would be useful as molecular markers for transformation, opening the way for the future development of a non-antibiotic genetic transformation system for this fungus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katherinne Navarrete
- Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Química y Biología, Universidad de Santiago de Chile (USACH), Alameda 3363, Estación Central, 9170022 Santiago, Chile
| | - Amanda Roa
- Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Química y Biología, Universidad de Santiago de Chile (USACH), Alameda 3363, Estación Central, 9170022 Santiago, Chile
| | - Inmaculada Vaca
- Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Chile, Las Palmeras 3425, Ñuñoa, Santiago, Chile
| | - Yeison Espinosa
- Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Química y Biología, Universidad de Santiago de Chile (USACH), Alameda 3363, Estación Central, 9170022 Santiago, Chile
| | - Claudio Navarro
- Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Química y Biología, Universidad de Santiago de Chile (USACH), Alameda 3363, Estación Central, 9170022 Santiago, Chile
| | - Renato Chávez
- Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Química y Biología, Universidad de Santiago de Chile (USACH), Alameda 3363, Estación Central, 9170022 Santiago, Chile
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Cardoso PG, Ribeiro JB, Teixeira JA, de Queiroz MV, de Araújo EF. Overexpression of the plg1 gene encoding pectin lyase in Penicillium griseoroseum. J Ind Microbiol Biotechnol 2008; 35:159-66. [DOI: 10.1007/s10295-007-0277-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2007] [Accepted: 10/27/2007] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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