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Castells-Sala C, Martínez-Ramos C, Vallés-Lluch A, Monleón Pradas M, Semino C. in vitro development of bioimplants made up of elastomeric scaffolds with peptide gel filling seeded with human subcutaneous adipose tissue-derived progenitor cells. J Biomed Mater Res A 2015; 103:3419-30. [PMID: 25903327 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.35482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2015] [Revised: 03/31/2015] [Accepted: 04/13/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Myocardial tissue lacks the ability to regenerate itself significantly following a myocardial infarction. Thus, new strategies that could compensate this lack are of high interest. Cardiac tissue engineering (CTE) strategies are a relatively new approach that aims to compensate the tissue loss using combination of biomaterials, cells and bioactive molecules. The goal of the present study was to evaluate cell survival and growth, seeding capacity and cellular phenotype maintenance of subcutaneous adipose tissue-derived progenitor cells in a new synthetic biomaterial scaffold platform. Specifically, here we tested the effect of the RAD16-I peptide gel in microporous poly(ethyl acrylate) polymers using two-dimensional PEA films as controls. Results showed optimal cell adhesion efficiency and growth in the polymers coated with the self-assembling peptide RAD16-I. Importantly, subATDPCs seeded into microporous PEA scaffolds coated with RAD16-I maintained its phenotype and were able to migrate outwards the bioactive patch, hopefully toward the infarcted area once implanted. These data suggest that this bioimplant (scaffold/RAD16-I/cells) can be suitable for further in vivo implantation with the aim to improve the function of affected tissue after myocardial infarction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Castells-Sala
- Tissue Engineering Laboratory, Bioengineering Department, Institut Químic De Sarrià, Universitat Ramon Llull, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Cristina Martínez-Ramos
- Center for Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, Universitat Politècnica De Valencia, Cno. De Vera S/N, Valencia, 46022, Spain
| | - Ana Vallés-Lluch
- Center for Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, Universitat Politècnica De Valencia, Cno. De Vera S/N, Valencia, 46022, Spain
| | - Manuel Monleón Pradas
- Center for Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, Universitat Politècnica De Valencia, Cno. De Vera S/N, Valencia, 46022, Spain
| | - Carlos Semino
- Tissue Engineering Laboratory, Bioengineering Department, Institut Químic De Sarrià, Universitat Ramon Llull, Barcelona, Spain
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Abdelli LS, Singla DK. A CD63(+ve)/c-kit(+ve) stem cell population isolated from the mouse heart. Mol Cell Biochem 2015; 406:101-9. [PMID: 25920449 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-015-2428-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2015] [Accepted: 04/23/2015] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Cardiac cell regeneration from endogenous cardiac stem cells (CSCs) following MI is rather low. Therefore, identifying mechanisms to boost endogenous CSC activation and participation in cardiac repair appears to be the most promising strategy for MI patients. We previously engineered tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases-1 (TIMP-1) overexpressing embryonic stem (ES-TIMP-1) cells and transplanted them into the infarcted murine heart. Collected data demonstrated that TIMP-1 enhanced transplanted ES cell engraftment, survival and differentiation into cardiac myocytes post-transplantation. Therefore, we postulated that there may be a new stem cell population present in the heart that is regulated by extracellular protein TIMP-1. Furthermore, we hypothesized that this cell population has a potential for cell proliferation and differentiation into cardiac cell types. Therefore, we isolated CSCs from 4 weeks old C57BL/6 mice and cultured them in vitro in presence of ESCM, ES-TIMP-1-CM or TIMP-1. Our immunostaining data demonstrated the existence of a novel CSC subpopulation, CD63(+ve)/c-kit(+ve). When treated with TIMP-1, these cells showed significantly (p < 0.05) increased proliferation rates compared to control cells, enhanced TIMP-1 receptor (CD63), along with improved expression of phospho and total β-catenin proteins as demonstrated by Western blot analysis. Next, we demonstrate significantly (p < 0.05) improved cardiac myocyte, vascular smooth muscle cell, and endothelial cell differentiation. Furthermore, our RT-PCR data shows increase in cardiac gene (GATA-4, Mef2C, and Nkx-2.5) expression when compared to ESCM and control cells. Collectively, these data, for the first time, establish the existence of a new CD63(+ve)/c-kit(+ve) CSC subpopulation that has a significant potential for proliferation and differentiation into cardiac cell types once stimulated with TIMP-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Latifa S Abdelli
- Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, Biomolecular Science Center, College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, 4110 Libra Drive, Building #20; Room # 320A, Orlando, FL, 32816, USA
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Tomov ML, Olmsted ZT, Paluh JL. The Human Embryoid Body Cystic Core Exhibits Architectural Complexity Revealed by use of High Throughput Polymer Microarrays. Macromol Biosci 2015; 15:892-900. [PMID: 25810210 DOI: 10.1002/mabi.201500051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2015] [Revised: 03/04/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
In pluripotent stem cell differentiation, embryoid bodies (EBs) provide a three-dimensional [3D] multicellular precursor in lineage specification. The internal structure of EBs is not well characterized yet is predicted to be an important parameter to differentiation. Here, we use custom SU-8 molds to generate transparent lithography-templated arrays of polydimethylsiloxane (LTA-PDMS) for high throughput analysis of human embryonic stem cell (hESC) EB formation and internal architecture. EBs formed in 200 and 500 μm diameter microarray wells by use of single cells, 2D clusters, or 3D early aggregates were compared. We observe that 200 μm EBs are monocystic versus 500 μm multicystic EBs that contain macro, meso and microsized cysts. In adherent differentiation of 500 μm EBs, the multicystic character impairs the 3D to 2D transition creating non-uniform monolayers. Our findings reveal that EB core structure has a size-dependent character that influences its architecture and cell population uniformity during early differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin L Tomov
- SUNY Polytechnic Institute, Colleges of Nanoscale Science and Engineering, Nanobioscience, Nanofab East, 257 Fuller Road, Albany, New York, 12203, USA
| | - Zachary T Olmsted
- SUNY Polytechnic Institute, Colleges of Nanoscale Science and Engineering, Nanobioscience, Nanofab East, 257 Fuller Road, Albany, New York, 12203, USA
| | - Janet L Paluh
- SUNY Polytechnic Institute, Colleges of Nanoscale Science and Engineering, Nanobioscience, Nanofab East, 257 Fuller Road, Albany, New York, 12203, USA. ,
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Oliveira-Sales EB, Maquigussa E, Semedo P, Pereira LG, Ferreira VM, Câmara NO, Bergamaschi CT, Campos RR, Boim MA. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) prevented the progression of renovascular hypertension, improved renal function and architecture. PLoS One 2013; 8:e78464. [PMID: 24223811 PMCID: PMC3817204 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0078464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2013] [Accepted: 09/12/2013] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Renovascular hypertension induced by 2 Kidney-1 Clip (2K-1C) is a renin-angiotensin-system (RAS)-dependent model, leading to renal vascular rarefaction and renal failure. RAS inhibitors are not able to reduce arterial pressure (AP) and/or preserve the renal function, and thus, alternative therapies are needed. Three weeks after left renal artery occlusion, fluorescently tagged mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) (2×105 cells/animal) were injected weekly into the tail vein in 2K-1C hypertensive rats. Flow cytometry showed labeled MSC in the cortex and medulla of the clipped kidney. MSC prevented a further increase in the AP, significantly reduced proteinuria and decreased sympathetic hyperactivity in 2K-1C rats. Renal function parameters were unchanged, except for an increase in urinary volume observed in 2K-1C rats, which was not corrected by MSC. The treatment improved the morphology and decreased the fibrotic areas in the clipped kidney and also significantly reduced renal vascular rarefaction typical of 2K-1C model. Expression levels of IL-1β, TNF-α angiotensinogen, ACE, and Ang II receptor AT1 were elevated, whereas AT2 levels were decreased in the medulla of the clipped kidney. MSC normalized these expression levels. In conclusion, MSC therapy in the 2K-1C model (i) prevented the progressive increase of AP, (ii) improved renal morphology and microvascular rarefaction, (iii) reduced fibrosis, proteinuria and inflammatory cytokines, (iv) suppressed the intrarenal RAS, iv) decreased sympathetic hyperactivity in anesthetized animals and v) MSC were detected at the CNS suggesting that the cells crossed the blood-brain barrier. This therapy may be a promising strategy to treat renovascular hypertension and its renal consequences in the near future.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Blood Pressure
- Blood-Brain Barrier/cytology
- Blood-Brain Barrier/metabolism
- Fluorescent Dyes
- Gene Expression
- Hypertension, Renovascular/genetics
- Hypertension, Renovascular/metabolism
- Hypertension, Renovascular/pathology
- Hypertension, Renovascular/therapy
- Interleukin-1beta/genetics
- Interleukin-1beta/metabolism
- Kidney/metabolism
- Kidney/pathology
- Male
- Mesenchymal Stem Cell Transplantation
- Mesenchymal Stem Cells/cytology
- Mesenchymal Stem Cells/physiology
- Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A/genetics
- Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A/metabolism
- Proteinuria/genetics
- Proteinuria/metabolism
- Proteinuria/pathology
- Proteinuria/therapy
- Rats
- Rats, Wistar
- Receptor, Angiotensin, Type 1/genetics
- Receptor, Angiotensin, Type 1/metabolism
- Receptor, Angiotensin, Type 2/genetics
- Receptor, Angiotensin, Type 2/metabolism
- Renal Artery/surgery
- Renin-Angiotensin System/genetics
- Treatment Outcome
- Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha/genetics
- Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha/metabolism
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Edgar Maquigussa
- Departament of Medicine, Renal Division, Federal University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Patricia Semedo
- Departament of Medicine, Renal Division, Federal University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Luciana G. Pereira
- Departament of Medicine, Renal Division, Federal University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Vanessa M. Ferreira
- Departament of Medicine, Renal Division, Federal University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Niels O. Câmara
- Immunology Department, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Cassia T. Bergamaschi
- Cardiovascular Division – Department of Physiology, Federal University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ruy R. Campos
- Cardiovascular Division – Department of Physiology, Federal University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Mirian A. Boim
- Departament of Medicine, Renal Division, Federal University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
- * E-mail:
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Yan B, Singla RD, Abdelli LS, Singal PK, Singla DK. Regulation of PTEN/Akt pathway enhances cardiomyogenesis and attenuates adverse left ventricular remodeling following thymosin β4 Overexpressing embryonic stem cell transplantation in the infarcted heart. PLoS One 2013; 8:e75580. [PMID: 24086577 PMCID: PMC3782449 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0075580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2013] [Accepted: 08/13/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Thymosin β4 (Tβ4), a small G-actin sequestering peptide, mediates cell proliferation, migration, and angiogenesis. Whether embryonic stem (ES) cells, overexpressing Tβ4, readily differentiate into cardiac myocytes in vitro and in vivo and enhance cardioprotection following transplantation post myocardial infarction (MI) remains unknown. Accordingly, we established stable mouse ES cell lines, RFP-ESCs and Tβ4-ESCs, expressing RFP and an RFP-Tβ4 fusion protein, respectively. In vitro, the number of spontaneously beating embryoid bodies (EBs) was significantly increased in Tβ4-ESCs at day 9, 12 and 15, compared with RFP-ESCs. Enhanced expression of cardiac transcriptional factors GATA-4, Mef2c and Txb6 in Tβ4-EBs, as confirmed with real time-PCR analysis, was accompanied by the increased number of EB areas stained positive for sarcomeric α-actin in Tβ4-EBs, compared with the RFP control, suggesting a significant increase in functional cardiac myocytes. Furthermore, we transplanted Tβ4-ESCs into the infarcted mouse heart and performed morphological and functional analysis 2 weeks after MI. There was a significant increase in newly formed cardiac myocytes associated with the Notch pathway, a decrease in apoptotic nuclei mediated by an increase in Akt and a decrease in levels of PTEN. Cardiac fibrosis was significantly reduced, and left ventricular function was significantly augmented in the Tβ4-ESC transplanted group, compared with controls. It is concluded that genetically modified Tβ4-ESCs, potentiates their ability to turn into cardiac myocytes in vitro as well as in vivo. Moreover, we also demonstrate that there was a significant decrease in both cardiac apoptosis and fibrosis, thus improving cardiac function in the infarcted heart.
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Affiliation(s)
- Binbin Yan
- Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida, United States of America
| | - Reetu D. Singla
- Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida, United States of America
| | - Latifa S. Abdelli
- Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida, United States of America
| | - Pawan K. Singal
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, St. Boniface General Hospital Research Centre, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Dinender K. Singla
- Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Chen B, Wright B, Sahoo R, Connon CJ. A Novel Alternative to Cryopreservation for the Short-Term Storage of Stem Cells for Use in Cell Therapy Using Alginate Encapsulation. Tissue Eng Part C Methods 2013. [DOI: 10.1089/ten.tec.2012.0489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Bo Chen
- Stem Cells and Nanomaterials Laboratory, School of Chemistry, Food and Pharmacy, University of Reading, Reading, United Kingdom
| | - Bernice Wright
- Stem Cells and Nanomaterials Laboratory, School of Chemistry, Food and Pharmacy, University of Reading, Reading, United Kingdom
| | - Rashmita Sahoo
- Stem Cells and Nanomaterials Laboratory, School of Chemistry, Food and Pharmacy, University of Reading, Reading, United Kingdom
| | - Che J. Connon
- Stem Cells and Nanomaterials Laboratory, School of Chemistry, Food and Pharmacy, University of Reading, Reading, United Kingdom
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Abstract
Cellular cardiomyoplasty is a cell therapy using stem cells or progenitor cells for myocardial regeneration to improve cardiac function and mitigate heart failure. Since we first published cellular cardiomyoplasty in 1989, this procedure became the innovative method to treat damaged myocardium other than heart transplantation. A significant improvement in cardiac function, metabolism, and perfusion is generally observed in experimental and clinical studies, but the improvement is mild and incomplete. Although safety, feasibility, and efficacy have been well documented for the procedure, the beneficial mechanisms remain unclear and optimization of the procedure requires further study. This chapter briefly reviews the stem cells used for cellular cardiomyoplasty and their clinical outcomes with possible improvements in future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth K Lamb
- Department of Surgery, James H. Quillen College of Medicine, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, TN, USA
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Biomaterials for stem cell culture and seeding for the generation and delivery of cardiac myocytes. Curr Opin Organ Transplant 2012; 17:681-7. [DOI: 10.1097/mot.0b013e32835a34a6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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