1
|
Duncan DT, Cook SH, Wood EP, Regan SD, Chaix B, Tian Y, Chunara R. Structural racism and homophobia evaluated through social media sentiment combined with activity spaces and associations with mental health among young sexual minority men. Soc Sci Med 2023; 320:115755. [PMID: 36739708 PMCID: PMC10014849 DOI: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2023.115755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Revised: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Research suggests that structural racism and homophobia are associated with mental well-being. However, structural discrimination measures which are relevant to lived experiences and that evade self-report biases are needed. Social media and global-positioning systems (GPS) offer opportunity to measure place-based negative racial sentiment linked to relevant locations via precise geo-coding of activity spaces. This is vital for young sexual minority men (YSMM) of color who may experience both racial and sexual minority discrimination and subsequently poorer mental well-being. METHODS P18 Neighborhood Study (n = 147) data were used. Measures of place-based negative racial and sexual-orientation sentiment were created using geo-located social media as a proxy for racial climate via socially-meaningfully-defined places. Exposure to place-based negative sentiment was computed as an average of discrimination by places frequented using activity space measures per person. Outcomes were number of days of reported poor mental health in last 30 days. Zero-inflated Poisson regression analyses were used to assess influence of and type of relationship between place-based negative racial or sexual-orientation sentiment exposure and mental well-being, including the moderating effect of race/ethnicity. RESULTS We found evidence for a non-linear relationship between place-based negative racial sentiment and mental well-being among our racially and ethnically diverse sample of YSMM (p < .05), and significant differences in the relationship for different race/ethnicity groups (p < .05). The most pronounced differences were detected between Black and White non-Hispanic vs. Hispanic sexual minority men. At two standard deviations above the overall mean of negative racial sentiment exposure based on activity spaces, Black and White YSMM reported significantly more poor mental health days in comparison to Hispanic YSMM. CONCLUSIONS Effects of discrimination can vary by race/ethnicity and discrimination type. Experiencing place-based negative racial sentiment may have implications for mental well-being among YSMM regardless of race/ethnicity, which should be explored in future research including with larger samples sizes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dustin T Duncan
- Department of Epidemiology, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, NewYork, NY, USA
| | - Stephanie H Cook
- Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, New York University School of Global Public Health, New York, NY, USA; Department of Biostatistics, New York University School of Global Public Health, New York, NY, USA
| | - Erica P Wood
- Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, New York University School of Global Public Health, New York, NY, USA
| | - Seann D Regan
- Department of Epidemiology, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, NewYork, NY, USA
| | - Basile Chaix
- French National Institute of Health and Medical Research (INSERM), Sorbonne Université, Institut Pierre Louis D'Epidémiologie et de Santé Publique IPLESP, Nemesis Team, F75012, Paris, France
| | - Yijun Tian
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, New York University Tandon School of Engineering, New York, NY, USA
| | - Rumi Chunara
- Department of Biostatistics, New York University School of Global Public Health, New York, NY, USA; Department of Computer Science and Engineering, New York University Tandon School of Engineering, New York, NY, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Thorpe LE, Chunara R, Roberts T, Pantaleo N, Irvine C, Conderino S, Li Y, Hsieh PY, Gourevitch MN, Levine S, Ofrane R, Spoer B. Building Public Health Surveillance 3.0: Emerging Timely Measures of Physical, Economic, and Social Environmental Conditions Affecting Health. Am J Public Health 2022; 112:1436-1445. [PMID: 35926162 PMCID: PMC9480477 DOI: 10.2105/ajph.2022.306917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
In response to rapidly changing societal conditions stemming from the COVID-19 pandemic, we summarize data sources with potential to produce timely and spatially granular measures of physical, economic, and social conditions relevant to public health surveillance, and we briefly describe emerging analytic methods to improve small-area estimation. To inform this article, we reviewed published systematic review articles set in the United States from 2015 to 2020 and conducted unstructured interviews with senior content experts in public heath practice, academia, and industry. We identified a modest number of data sources with high potential for generating timely and spatially granular measures of physical, economic, and social determinants of health. We also summarized modeling and machine-learning techniques useful to support development of time-sensitive surveillance measures that may be critical for responding to future major events such as the COVID-19 pandemic. (Am J Public Health. 2022;112(10):1436-1445. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2022.306917).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lorna E Thorpe
- Lorna E. Thorpe, Nicholas Pantaleo, Sarah Conderino, Yuruo Li, Marc N. Gourevitch, Shoshanna Levine, Rebecca Ofrane, and Benjamin Spoer are with the Department of Population Health, New York University (NYU) Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY. Rumi Chunara is with the Department of Computer Science and Engineering, NYU Tandon School of Engineering, New York, NY. Tim Roberts is with the Medical Library, NYU Grossman School of Medicine. Caleb Irvine is with the Department of Medicine, NYU Grossman School of Medicine. Pei Yang Hsieh was with the Department of Population Health, NYU Grossman School of Medicine at the time of writing this article
| | - Rumi Chunara
- Lorna E. Thorpe, Nicholas Pantaleo, Sarah Conderino, Yuruo Li, Marc N. Gourevitch, Shoshanna Levine, Rebecca Ofrane, and Benjamin Spoer are with the Department of Population Health, New York University (NYU) Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY. Rumi Chunara is with the Department of Computer Science and Engineering, NYU Tandon School of Engineering, New York, NY. Tim Roberts is with the Medical Library, NYU Grossman School of Medicine. Caleb Irvine is with the Department of Medicine, NYU Grossman School of Medicine. Pei Yang Hsieh was with the Department of Population Health, NYU Grossman School of Medicine at the time of writing this article
| | - Tim Roberts
- Lorna E. Thorpe, Nicholas Pantaleo, Sarah Conderino, Yuruo Li, Marc N. Gourevitch, Shoshanna Levine, Rebecca Ofrane, and Benjamin Spoer are with the Department of Population Health, New York University (NYU) Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY. Rumi Chunara is with the Department of Computer Science and Engineering, NYU Tandon School of Engineering, New York, NY. Tim Roberts is with the Medical Library, NYU Grossman School of Medicine. Caleb Irvine is with the Department of Medicine, NYU Grossman School of Medicine. Pei Yang Hsieh was with the Department of Population Health, NYU Grossman School of Medicine at the time of writing this article
| | - Nicholas Pantaleo
- Lorna E. Thorpe, Nicholas Pantaleo, Sarah Conderino, Yuruo Li, Marc N. Gourevitch, Shoshanna Levine, Rebecca Ofrane, and Benjamin Spoer are with the Department of Population Health, New York University (NYU) Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY. Rumi Chunara is with the Department of Computer Science and Engineering, NYU Tandon School of Engineering, New York, NY. Tim Roberts is with the Medical Library, NYU Grossman School of Medicine. Caleb Irvine is with the Department of Medicine, NYU Grossman School of Medicine. Pei Yang Hsieh was with the Department of Population Health, NYU Grossman School of Medicine at the time of writing this article
| | - Caleb Irvine
- Lorna E. Thorpe, Nicholas Pantaleo, Sarah Conderino, Yuruo Li, Marc N. Gourevitch, Shoshanna Levine, Rebecca Ofrane, and Benjamin Spoer are with the Department of Population Health, New York University (NYU) Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY. Rumi Chunara is with the Department of Computer Science and Engineering, NYU Tandon School of Engineering, New York, NY. Tim Roberts is with the Medical Library, NYU Grossman School of Medicine. Caleb Irvine is with the Department of Medicine, NYU Grossman School of Medicine. Pei Yang Hsieh was with the Department of Population Health, NYU Grossman School of Medicine at the time of writing this article
| | - Sarah Conderino
- Lorna E. Thorpe, Nicholas Pantaleo, Sarah Conderino, Yuruo Li, Marc N. Gourevitch, Shoshanna Levine, Rebecca Ofrane, and Benjamin Spoer are with the Department of Population Health, New York University (NYU) Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY. Rumi Chunara is with the Department of Computer Science and Engineering, NYU Tandon School of Engineering, New York, NY. Tim Roberts is with the Medical Library, NYU Grossman School of Medicine. Caleb Irvine is with the Department of Medicine, NYU Grossman School of Medicine. Pei Yang Hsieh was with the Department of Population Health, NYU Grossman School of Medicine at the time of writing this article
| | - Yuruo Li
- Lorna E. Thorpe, Nicholas Pantaleo, Sarah Conderino, Yuruo Li, Marc N. Gourevitch, Shoshanna Levine, Rebecca Ofrane, and Benjamin Spoer are with the Department of Population Health, New York University (NYU) Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY. Rumi Chunara is with the Department of Computer Science and Engineering, NYU Tandon School of Engineering, New York, NY. Tim Roberts is with the Medical Library, NYU Grossman School of Medicine. Caleb Irvine is with the Department of Medicine, NYU Grossman School of Medicine. Pei Yang Hsieh was with the Department of Population Health, NYU Grossman School of Medicine at the time of writing this article
| | - Pei Yang Hsieh
- Lorna E. Thorpe, Nicholas Pantaleo, Sarah Conderino, Yuruo Li, Marc N. Gourevitch, Shoshanna Levine, Rebecca Ofrane, and Benjamin Spoer are with the Department of Population Health, New York University (NYU) Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY. Rumi Chunara is with the Department of Computer Science and Engineering, NYU Tandon School of Engineering, New York, NY. Tim Roberts is with the Medical Library, NYU Grossman School of Medicine. Caleb Irvine is with the Department of Medicine, NYU Grossman School of Medicine. Pei Yang Hsieh was with the Department of Population Health, NYU Grossman School of Medicine at the time of writing this article
| | - Marc N Gourevitch
- Lorna E. Thorpe, Nicholas Pantaleo, Sarah Conderino, Yuruo Li, Marc N. Gourevitch, Shoshanna Levine, Rebecca Ofrane, and Benjamin Spoer are with the Department of Population Health, New York University (NYU) Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY. Rumi Chunara is with the Department of Computer Science and Engineering, NYU Tandon School of Engineering, New York, NY. Tim Roberts is with the Medical Library, NYU Grossman School of Medicine. Caleb Irvine is with the Department of Medicine, NYU Grossman School of Medicine. Pei Yang Hsieh was with the Department of Population Health, NYU Grossman School of Medicine at the time of writing this article
| | - Shoshanna Levine
- Lorna E. Thorpe, Nicholas Pantaleo, Sarah Conderino, Yuruo Li, Marc N. Gourevitch, Shoshanna Levine, Rebecca Ofrane, and Benjamin Spoer are with the Department of Population Health, New York University (NYU) Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY. Rumi Chunara is with the Department of Computer Science and Engineering, NYU Tandon School of Engineering, New York, NY. Tim Roberts is with the Medical Library, NYU Grossman School of Medicine. Caleb Irvine is with the Department of Medicine, NYU Grossman School of Medicine. Pei Yang Hsieh was with the Department of Population Health, NYU Grossman School of Medicine at the time of writing this article
| | - Rebecca Ofrane
- Lorna E. Thorpe, Nicholas Pantaleo, Sarah Conderino, Yuruo Li, Marc N. Gourevitch, Shoshanna Levine, Rebecca Ofrane, and Benjamin Spoer are with the Department of Population Health, New York University (NYU) Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY. Rumi Chunara is with the Department of Computer Science and Engineering, NYU Tandon School of Engineering, New York, NY. Tim Roberts is with the Medical Library, NYU Grossman School of Medicine. Caleb Irvine is with the Department of Medicine, NYU Grossman School of Medicine. Pei Yang Hsieh was with the Department of Population Health, NYU Grossman School of Medicine at the time of writing this article
| | - Benjamin Spoer
- Lorna E. Thorpe, Nicholas Pantaleo, Sarah Conderino, Yuruo Li, Marc N. Gourevitch, Shoshanna Levine, Rebecca Ofrane, and Benjamin Spoer are with the Department of Population Health, New York University (NYU) Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY. Rumi Chunara is with the Department of Computer Science and Engineering, NYU Tandon School of Engineering, New York, NY. Tim Roberts is with the Medical Library, NYU Grossman School of Medicine. Caleb Irvine is with the Department of Medicine, NYU Grossman School of Medicine. Pei Yang Hsieh was with the Department of Population Health, NYU Grossman School of Medicine at the time of writing this article
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Davis BD, McKnight DE, Teodorescu D, Quan-Haase A, Chunara R, Fyshe A, Lizotte DJ. Quantifying depression-related language on social media during the COVID-19 pandemic. Int J Popul Data Sci 2022; 5:1716. [PMID: 35516163 PMCID: PMC9052361 DOI: 10.23889/ijpds.v5i4.1716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction The COVID-19 pandemic had clear impacts on mental health. Social media presents an opportunity for assessing mental health at the population level. Objectives 1) Identify and describe language used on social media that is associated with discourse about depression. 2) Describe the associations between identified language and COVID-19 incidence over time across several geographies. Methods We create a word embedding based on the posts in Reddit's /r/Depression and use this word embedding to train representations of active authors. We contrast these authors against a control group and extract keywords that capture differences between the two groups. We filter these keywords for face validity and to match character limits of an information retrieval system, Elasticsearch. We retrieve all geo-tagged posts on Twitter from April 2019 to June 2021 from Seattle, Sydney, Mumbai, and Toronto. The tweets are scored with BM25 using the keywords. We call this score rDD. We compare changes in average score over time with case counts from the pandemic's beginning through June 2021. Results We observe a pattern in rDD across all cities analyzed: There is an increase in rDD near the start of the pandemic which levels off over time. However, in Mumbai we also see an increase aligned with a second wave of cases. Conclusions Our results are concordant with other studies which indicate that the impact of the pandemic on mental health was highest initially and was followed by recovery, largely unchanged by subsequent waves. However, in the Mumbai data we observed a substantial rise in rDD with a large second wave. Our results indicate possible un-captured heterogeneity across geographies, and point to a need for a better understanding of this differential impact on mental health.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Brent D. Davis
- Department of Computer Science, Western University, London, ON, Canada, N6A 3K7
| | - Dawn Estes McKnight
- Department of Computing Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2R3
| | - Daniela Teodorescu
- Department of Computing Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2R3
| | - Anabel Quan-Haase
- Department of Sociology, Western University, London, ON, Canada, N6A 3K7
- Faculty of Information and Media Studies, Western University, London, ON, Canada, N6A 3K7
| | - Rumi Chunara
- Department of Computer Science & Engineering, New York University, New York, NY, 10003
- Department of Biostatistics, New York University, New York, NY, 10003
| | - Alona Fyshe
- Department of Computing Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2R3
- Department of Psychology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada, T6G2R3
| | - Daniel J. Lizotte
- Department of Computer Science, Western University, London, ON, Canada, N6A 3K7
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Western University, London, ON,N6A 3K7
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Mhasawade V, Elghafari A, Duncan DT, Chunara R. Role of the Built and Online Social Environments on Expression of Dining on Instagram. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:E735. [PMID: 31979291 PMCID: PMC7037839 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17030735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2019] [Revised: 01/15/2020] [Accepted: 01/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Online social communities are becoming windows for learning more about the health of populations, through information about our health-related behaviors and outcomes from daily life. At the same time, just as public health data and theory has shown that aspects of the built environment can affect our health-related behaviors and outcomes, it is also possible that online social environments (e.g., posts and other attributes of our online social networks) can also shape facets of our life. Given the important role of the online environment in public health research and implications, factors which contribute to the generation of such data must be well understood. Here we study the role of the built and online social environments in the expression of dining on Instagram in Abu Dhabi; a ubiquitous social media platform, city with a vibrant dining culture, and a topic (food posts) which has been studied in relation to public health outcomes. Our study uses available data on user Instagram profiles and their Instagram networks, as well as the local food environment measured through the dining types (e.g., casual dining restaurants, food court restaurants, lounges etc.) by neighborhood. We find evidence that factors of the online social environment (profiles that post about dining versus profiles that do not post about dining) have different influences on the relationship between a user's built environment and the social dining expression, with effects also varying by dining types in the environment and time of day. We examine the mechanism of the relationships via moderation and mediation analyses. Overall, this study provides evidence that the interplay of online and built environments depend on attributes of said environments and can also vary by time of day. We discuss implications of this synergy for precisely-targeting public health interventions, as well as on using online data for public health research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vishwali Mhasawade
- Department of Computer Science & Engineering, Tandon School of Engineering, New York University, Brooklyn, NY 11201, USA; (V.M.); (A.E.)
| | - Anas Elghafari
- Department of Computer Science & Engineering, Tandon School of Engineering, New York University, Brooklyn, NY 11201, USA; (V.M.); (A.E.)
| | - Dustin T. Duncan
- Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA;
| | - Rumi Chunara
- Department of Computer Science & Engineering, Tandon School of Engineering, New York University, Brooklyn, NY 11201, USA; (V.M.); (A.E.)
- Department of Biostatistics, College of Global Public Health, New York University, New York, NY 10003, USA
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Naslund JA, Gonsalves PP, Gruebner O, Pendse SR, Smith SL, Sharma A, Raviola G. Digital Innovations for Global Mental Health: Opportunities for Data Science, Task Sharing, and Early Intervention. CURRENT TREATMENT OPTIONS IN PSYCHIATRY 2019; 6:337-351. [PMID: 32457823 PMCID: PMC7250369 DOI: 10.1007/s40501-019-00186-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Globally, individuals living with mental disorders are more likely to have access to a mobile phone than mental health care. In this commentary, we highlight opportunities for expanding access to and use of digital technologies to advance research and intervention in mental health, with emphasis on the potential impact in lower resource settings. RECENT FINDINGS Drawing from empirical evidence, largely from higher income settings, we considered three emerging areas where digital technology will potentially play a prominent role: supporting methods in data science to further our understanding of mental health and inform interventions, task sharing for building workforce capacity by training and supervising non-specialist health workers, and facilitating new opportunities for early intervention for young people in lower resource settings. Challenges were identified related to inequities in access, threats of bias in big data analyses, risks to users, and need for user involvement to support engagement and sustained use of digital interventions. SUMMARY For digital technology to achieve its potential to transform the ways we detect, treat, and prevent mental disorders, there is a clear need for continued research involving multiple stakeholders, and rigorous studies showing that these technologies can successfully drive measurable improvements in mental health outcomes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- John A. Naslund
- Department of Global Health and Social Medicine, Harvard Medical School, 641 Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | | | - Oliver Gruebner
- Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Prevention Institute, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Department of Geography, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Sachin R. Pendse
- Microsoft Research India, Bangalore, India
- Georgia Institute of Technology, School of Interactive Computing, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | | | | | - Giuseppe Raviola
- Department of Global Health and Social Medicine, Harvard Medical School, 641 Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| |
Collapse
|