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Ding Y, Huang Y, Gao P, Thai A, Chilaparasetti AN, Gopi M, Xu X, Li C. Brain image data processing using collaborative data workflows on Texera. Front Neural Circuits 2024; 18:1398884. [PMID: 39050044 PMCID: PMC11266044 DOI: 10.3389/fncir.2024.1398884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2024] [Accepted: 06/20/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024] Open
Abstract
In the realm of neuroscience, mapping the three-dimensional (3D) neural circuitry and architecture of the brain is important for advancing our understanding of neural circuit organization and function. This study presents a novel pipeline that transforms mouse brain samples into detailed 3D brain models using a collaborative data analytics platform called "Texera." The user-friendly Texera platform allows for effective interdisciplinary collaboration between team members in neuroscience, computer vision, and data processing. Our pipeline utilizes the tile images from a serial two-photon tomography/TissueCyte system, then stitches tile images into brain section images, and constructs 3D whole-brain image datasets. The resulting 3D data supports downstream analyses, including 3D whole-brain registration, atlas-based segmentation, cell counting, and high-resolution volumetric visualization. Using this platform, we implemented specialized optimization methods and obtained significant performance enhancement in workflow operations. We expect the neuroscience community can adopt our approach for large-scale image-based data processing and analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunyan Ding
- Department of Computer Science, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States
| | - Yicong Huang
- Department of Computer Science, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States
| | - Pan Gao
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, School of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States
| | - Andy Thai
- Department of Computer Science, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States
| | | | - M. Gopi
- Department of Computer Science, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States
| | - Xiangmin Xu
- Department of Computer Science, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, School of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States
- The Center for Neural Circuit Mapping, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States
| | - Chen Li
- Department of Computer Science, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States
- The Center for Neural Circuit Mapping, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States
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Boehm D, Strantz C, Christoph J, Busch H, Ganslandt T, Unberath P. Data Visualization Support for Tumor Boards and Clinical Oncology: Protocol for a Scoping Review. JMIR Res Protoc 2024; 13:e53627. [PMID: 38441925 PMCID: PMC10951826 DOI: 10.2196/53627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Revised: 12/17/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 03/07/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Complex and expanding data sets in clinical oncology applications require flexible and interactive visualization of patient data to provide the maximum amount of information to physicians and other medical practitioners. Interdisciplinary tumor conferences in particular profit from customized tools to integrate, link, and visualize relevant data from all professions involved. OBJECTIVE The scoping review proposed in this protocol aims to identify and present currently available data visualization tools for tumor boards and related areas. The objective of the review will be to provide not only an overview of digital tools currently used in tumor board settings, but also the data included, the respective visualization solutions, and their integration into hospital processes. METHODS The planned scoping review process is based on the Arksey and O'Malley scoping study framework. The following electronic databases will be searched for articles published in English: PubMed, Web of Knowledge, and SCOPUS. Eligible articles will first undergo a deduplication step, followed by the screening of titles and abstracts. Second, a full-text screening will be used to reach the final decision about article selection. At least 2 reviewers will independently screen titles, abstracts, and full-text reports. Conflicting inclusion decisions will be resolved by a third reviewer. The remaining literature will be analyzed using a data extraction template proposed in this protocol. The template includes a variety of meta information as well as specific questions aiming to answer the research question: "What are the key features of data visualization solutions used in molecular and organ tumor boards, and how are these elements integrated and used within the clinical setting?" The findings will be compiled, charted, and presented as specified in the scoping study framework. Data for included tools may be supplemented with additional manual literature searches. The entire review process will be documented in alignment with the PRISMA-ScR (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews) flowchart. RESULTS The results of this scoping review will be reported per the expanded PRISMA-ScR guidelines. A preliminary search using PubMed, Web of Knowledge, and Scopus resulted in 1320 articles after deduplication that will be included in the further review process. We expect the results to be published during the second quarter of 2024. CONCLUSIONS Visualization is a key process in leveraging a data set's potentially available information and enabling its use in an interdisciplinary setting. The scoping review described in this protocol aims to present the status quo of visualization solutions for tumor board and clinical oncology applications and their integration into hospital processes. INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT IDENTIFIER (IRRID) DERR1-10.2196/53627.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominik Boehm
- Medical Center for Information and Communication Technology, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
- Bavarian Cancer Research Center (Bayerisches Zentrum für Krebsforschung), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Cosima Strantz
- Chair of Medical Informatics, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Jan Christoph
- Chair of Medical Informatics, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
- Junior Research Group (Bio-)medical Data Science, Faculty of Medicine, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle, Germany
| | - Hauke Busch
- Group for Medical Systems Biology, Lübeck Institute of Experimental Dermatology, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Thomas Ganslandt
- Chair of Medical Informatics, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Philipp Unberath
- Medical Center for Information and Communication Technology, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
- SRH Fürth University of Applied Sciences, Fürth, Germany
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Baldi BF, Vuong J, O’Donoghue SI. Assessing 2D visual encoding of 3D spatial connectivity. FRONTIERS IN BIOINFORMATICS 2024; 3:1232671. [PMID: 38323038 PMCID: PMC10845337 DOI: 10.3389/fbinf.2023.1232671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 02/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction: When visualizing complex data, the layout method chosen can greatly affect the ability to identify outliers, spot incorrect modeling assumptions, or recognize unexpected patterns. Additionally, visual layout can play a crucial role in communicating results to peers. Methods: In this paper, we compared the effectiveness of three visual layouts-the adjacency matrix, a half-matrix layout, and a circular layout-for visualizing spatial connectivity data, e.g., contacts derived from chromatin conformation capture experiments. To assess these visual layouts, we conducted a study comprising 150 participants from Amazon's Mechanical Turk, as well as a second expert study comprising 30 biomedical research scientists. Results: The Mechanical Turk study found that the circular layout was the most accurate and intuitive, while the expert study found that the circular and half-matrix layouts were more accurate than the matrix layout. Discussion: We concluded that the circular layout may be a good default choice for visualizing smaller datasets with relatively few spatial contacts, while, for larger datasets, the half- matrix layout may be a better choice. Our results also demonstrated how crowdsourcing methods could be used to determine which visual layouts are best for addressing specific data challenges in bioinformatics.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jenny Vuong
- The Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, NSW, Australia
- CSIRO Data61, Eveleigh, NSW, Australia
| | - Seán I. O’Donoghue
- The Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, NSW, Australia
- CSIRO Data61, Eveleigh, NSW, Australia
- School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, University of New South Wales, Kennsington, NSW, Australia
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4
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Lavikka K, Oikkonen J, Li Y, Muranen T, Micoli G, Marchi G, Lahtinen A, Huhtinen K, Lehtonen R, Hietanen S, Hynninen J, Virtanen A, Hautaniemi S. Deciphering cancer genomes with GenomeSpy: a grammar-based visualization toolkit. Gigascience 2024; 13:giae040. [PMID: 39101783 PMCID: PMC11299109 DOI: 10.1093/gigascience/giae040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2024] [Revised: 05/13/2024] [Accepted: 06/19/2024] [Indexed: 08/06/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Visualization is an indispensable facet of genomic data analysis. Despite the abundance of specialized visualization tools, there remains a distinct need for tailored solutions. However, their implementation typically requires extensive programming expertise from bioinformaticians and software developers, especially when building interactive applications. Toolkits based on visualization grammars offer a more accessible, declarative way to author new visualizations. Yet, current grammar-based solutions fall short in adequately supporting the interactive analysis of large datasets with extensive sample collections, a pivotal task often encountered in cancer research. FINDINGS We present GenomeSpy, a grammar-based toolkit for authoring tailored, interactive visualizations for genomic data analysis. By using combinatorial building blocks and a declarative language, users can implement new visualization designs easily and embed them in web pages or end-user-oriented applications. A distinctive element of GenomeSpy's architecture is its effective use of the graphics processing unit in all rendering, enabling a high frame rate and smoothly animated interactions, such as navigation within a genome. We demonstrate the utility of GenomeSpy by characterizing the genomic landscape of 753 ovarian cancer samples from patients in the DECIDER clinical trial. Our results expand the understanding of the genomic architecture in ovarian cancer, particularly the diversity of chromosomal instability. CONCLUSIONS GenomeSpy is a visualization toolkit applicable to a wide range of tasks pertinent to genome analysis. It offers high flexibility and exceptional performance in interactive analysis. The toolkit is open source with an MIT license, implemented in JavaScript, and available at https://genomespy.app/.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kari Lavikka
- Research Program in Systems Oncology, Research Programs Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jaana Oikkonen
- Research Program in Systems Oncology, Research Programs Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Yilin Li
- Research Program in Systems Oncology, Research Programs Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Taru Muranen
- Research Program in Systems Oncology, Research Programs Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Giulia Micoli
- Research Program in Systems Oncology, Research Programs Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Giovanni Marchi
- Research Program in Systems Oncology, Research Programs Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Alexandra Lahtinen
- Research Program in Systems Oncology, Research Programs Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Kaisa Huhtinen
- Research Program in Systems Oncology, Research Programs Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
- Cancer Research Unit, Institute of Biomedicine and FICAN West Cancer Centre, University of Turku, 20521 Turku, Finland
| | - Rainer Lehtonen
- Applied Tumor Genomics Research Program, Research Programs Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Sakari Hietanen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, 20521 Turku, Finland
| | - Johanna Hynninen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, 20521 Turku, Finland
| | - Anni Virtanen
- Department of Pathology, University of Helsinki and HUS Diagnostic Center, Helsinki University Hospital, 00260 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Sampsa Hautaniemi
- Research Program in Systems Oncology, Research Programs Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
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5
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Moon J, Posada-Quintero HF, Chon KH. Genetic data visualization using literature text-based neural networks: Examples associated with myocardial infarction. Neural Netw 2023; 165:562-595. [PMID: 37364469 DOI: 10.1016/j.neunet.2023.05.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2022] [Revised: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
Data visualization is critical to unraveling hidden information from complex and high-dimensional data. Interpretable visualization methods are critical, especially in the biology and medical fields, however, there are limited effective visualization methods for large genetic data. Current visualization methods are limited to lower-dimensional data and their performance suffers if there is missing data. In this study, we propose a literature-based visualization method to reduce high-dimensional data without compromising the dynamics of the single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) and textual interpretability. Our method is innovative because it is shown to (1) preserves both global and local structures of SNP while reducing the dimension of the data using literature text representations, and (2) enables interpretable visualizations using textual information. For performance evaluations, we examined the proposed approach to classify various classification categories including race, myocardial infarction event age groups, and sex using several machine learning models on the literature-derived SNP data. We used visualization approaches to examine clustering of data as well as quantitative performance metrics for the classification of the risk factors examined above. Our method outperformed all popular dimensionality reduction and visualization methods for both classification and visualization, and it is robust against missing and higher-dimensional data. Moreover, we found it feasible to incorporate both genetic and other risk information obtained from literature with our method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jihye Moon
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA.
| | | | - Ki H Chon
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA.
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Kumar R, Yadav G, Kuddus M, Ashraf GM, Singh R. Unlocking the microbial studies through computational approaches: how far have we reached? ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:48929-48947. [PMID: 36920617 PMCID: PMC10016191 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-26220-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2022] [Accepted: 02/24/2023] [Indexed: 04/16/2023]
Abstract
The metagenomics approach accelerated the study of genetic information from uncultured microbes and complex microbial communities. In silico research also facilitated an understanding of protein-DNA interactions, protein-protein interactions, docking between proteins and phyto/biochemicals for drug design, and modeling of the 3D structure of proteins. These in silico approaches provided insight into analyzing pathogenic and nonpathogenic strains that helped in the identification of probable genes for vaccines and antimicrobial agents and comparing whole-genome sequences to microbial evolution. Artificial intelligence, more precisely machine learning (ML) and deep learning (DL), has proven to be a promising approach in the field of microbiology to handle, analyze, and utilize large data that are generated through nucleic acid sequencing and proteomics. This enabled the understanding of the functional and taxonomic diversity of microorganisms. ML and DL have been used in the prediction and forecasting of diseases and applied to trace environmental contaminants and environmental quality. This review presents an in-depth analysis of the recent application of silico approaches in microbial genomics, proteomics, functional diversity, vaccine development, and drug design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajnish Kumar
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University Uttar Pradesh Lucknow Campus, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Surgery, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
| | - Garima Yadav
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University Uttar Pradesh Lucknow Campus, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Mohammed Kuddus
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, University of Hail, Hail, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ghulam Md Ashraf
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Health Sciences, and Sharjah Institute for Medical Research, University of Sharjah, Sharjah , 27272, United Arab Emirates
| | - Rachana Singh
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University Uttar Pradesh Lucknow Campus, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India.
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7
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Zhou J, Wang X, Wong JK, Wang H, Wang Z, Yang X, Yan X, Feng H, Qu H, Ying H, Chen W. DPVisCreator: Incorporating Pattern Constraints to Privacy-preserving Visualizations via Differential Privacy. IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON VISUALIZATION AND COMPUTER GRAPHICS 2023; 29:809-819. [PMID: 36166552 DOI: 10.1109/tvcg.2022.3209391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Data privacy is an essential issue in publishing data visualizations. However, it is challenging to represent multiple data patterns in privacy-preserving visualizations. The prior approaches target specific chart types or perform an anonymization model uniformly without considering the importance of data patterns in visualizations. In this paper, we propose a visual analytics approach that facilitates data custodians to generate multiple private charts while maintaining user-preferred patterns. To this end, we introduce pattern constraints to model users' preferences over data patterns in the dataset and incorporate them into the proposed Bayesian network-based Differential Privacy (DP) model PriVis. A prototype system, DPVisCreator, is developed to assist data custodians in implementing our approach. The effectiveness of our approach is demonstrated with quantitative evaluation of pattern utility under the different levels of privacy protection, case studies, and semi-structured expert interviews.
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8
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Li J, Miao B, Wang S, Dong W, Xu H, Si C, Wang W, Duan S, Lou J, Bao Z, Zeng H, Yang Z, Cheng W, Zhao F, Zeng J, Liu XS, Wu R, Shen Y, Chen Z, Chen S, Wang M. Hiplot: a comprehensive and easy-to-use web service for boosting publication-ready biomedical data visualization. Brief Bioinform 2022; 23:6620876. [PMID: 35788820 DOI: 10.1093/bib/bbac261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 41.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2022] [Revised: 05/18/2022] [Accepted: 05/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Complex biomedical data generated during clinical, omics and mechanism-based experiments have increasingly been exploited through cloud- and visualization-based data mining techniques. However, the scientific community still lacks an easy-to-use web service for the comprehensive visualization of biomedical data, particularly high-quality and publication-ready graphics that allow easy scaling and updatability according to user demands. Therefore, we propose a community-driven modern web service, Hiplot (https://hiplot.org), with concise and top-quality data visualization applications for the life sciences and biomedical fields. This web service permits users to conveniently and interactively complete a few specialized visualization tasks that previously could only be conducted by senior bioinformatics or biostatistics researchers. It covers most of the daily demands of biomedical researchers with its equipped 240+ biomedical data visualization functions, involving basic statistics, multi-omics, regression, clustering, dimensional reduction, meta-analysis, survival analysis, risk modelling, etc. Moreover, to improve the efficiency in use and development of plugins, we introduced some core advantages on the client-/server-side of the website, such as spreadsheet-based data importing, cross-platform command-line controller (Hctl), multi-user plumber workers, JavaScript Object Notation-based plugin system, easy data/parameters, results and errors reproduction and real-time updates mode. Meanwhile, using demo/real data sets and benchmark tests, we explored statistical parameters, cancer genomic landscapes, disease risk factors and the performance of website based on selected native plugins. The statistics of visits and user numbers could further reflect the potential impact of this web service on relevant fields. Thus, researchers devoted to life and data sciences would benefit from this emerging and free web service.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianfeng Li
- Shanghai Institute of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, National Research Center for Translational Medicine at Shanghai, Ruijin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Benben Miao
- College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China
| | - Shixiang Wang
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei Dong
- Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Houshi Xu
- Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Chenchen Si
- Department of Histology, Embryology, Genetics and Developmental Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Reproductive Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Urology, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Songqi Duan
- College of Food Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Yaan, China
| | - Jiacheng Lou
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Zhiwei Bao
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hailuan Zeng
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan Institute for Metabolic Diseases, and Human Phenome Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zengzeng Yang
- Qinghai Academy of Animal and Veterinary Science, State Key Laboratory of Plateau Ecology and Agriculture in the Three River Head Waters Region, Qinghai Provincial Key Laboratory of Adaptive Management on Alpine Grassland Qinghai University, Xining, China
| | - Wenyan Cheng
- Shanghai Institute of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, National Research Center for Translational Medicine at Shanghai, Ruijin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Fei Zhao
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.,University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jianming Zeng
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau, China
| | - Xue-Song Liu
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, China
| | - Renxie Wu
- College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China
| | - Yang Shen
- Shanghai Institute of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, National Research Center for Translational Medicine at Shanghai, Ruijin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhu Chen
- Shanghai Institute of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, National Research Center for Translational Medicine at Shanghai, Ruijin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Saijuan Chen
- Shanghai Institute of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, National Research Center for Translational Medicine at Shanghai, Ruijin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Mingjie Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Wu T, Xiao CL, Lam TTY, Yu G. Editorial: Biomedical Data Visualization: Methods and Applications. Front Genet 2022; 13:890775. [PMID: 35571011 PMCID: PMC9092592 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.890775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Tianzhi Wu
- Department of Bioinformatics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chuan-Le Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Tommy Tsan-Yuk Lam
- State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, School of Public Health, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Laboratory of Data Discovery for Health Limited, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Guangchuang Yu
- Department of Bioinformatics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Guangchuang Yu,
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Chen T, Liu Y, Huang L. ImageGP: An easy-to-use data visualization web server for scientific researchers. IMETA 2022; 1:e5. [PMID: 38867732 PMCID: PMC10989750 DOI: 10.1002/imt2.5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 190] [Impact Index Per Article: 95.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Revised: 01/18/2022] [Accepted: 01/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2024]
Abstract
Data visualization plays a crucial role in illustrating results and sharing knowledge among researchers. Though many types of visualization tools are widely used, most of them require enough coding experience or are designed for specialized usages, or are not free. Here, we present ImageGP, a specialized visualization platform designed for biology and chemistry data illustration. ImageGP could generate generalized plots like lines, bars, scatters, boxes, sets, heatmaps, and histograms with the most common input content in a user-friendly interface. Normally plotting using ImageGP only needs a few mouse clicks. For some plots, one only needs to just paste data and click submit to get the visualization results. Additionally, ImageGP supplies up to 26 parameters to meet customizable requirements. ImageGP also contains specialized plots like volcano plot, functional enrichment plot for most omics-data analysis, and other four specialized functions for microbiome analysis. Since 2017, ImageGP has been running for nearly 5 years and serving 336,951 visits from all over the world. Together, ImageGP (http://www.ehbio.com/ImageGP/) is an effective and efficient tool for experimental researchers to comprehensively visualize and interpret data generated from wet-lab and dry-lab.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tong Chen
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Dao‐di HerbsNational Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Yong‐Xin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Innovation Academy for Seed DesignChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
- CAS Center for Excellence in Biotic InteractionsUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
- CAS‐JIC Centre of Excellence for Plant and Microbial Science, Institute of Genetics and Developmental BiologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Luqi Huang
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Dao‐di HerbsNational Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical SciencesBeijingChina
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Özkaya AB, Geyik C. From viability to cell death: Claims with insufficient evidence in high-impact cell culture studies. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0250754. [PMID: 35192623 PMCID: PMC8863264 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0250754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2021] [Accepted: 01/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background
Reliability of preclinical research is of critical concern. Prior studies have demonstrated the low reproducibility of research results and recommend implementing higher standards to improve overall quality and robustness of research. One understudied aspect of this quality issue is the harmony between the research hypotheses and the experimental design in published work.
Methods and findings
In this study we focused on highly cited cell culture studies and investigated whether commonly asserted cell culture claims such as viability, cytotoxicity, proliferation rate, cell death and apoptosis are backed with sufficient experimental evidence or not. We created an open access database containing 280 claims asserted by 103 different high-impact articles as well as the results of this study. Our findings revealed that only 64% of all claims were sufficiently supported by evidence and there were concerning misinterpretations such as considering the results of tetrazolium salt reduction assays as indicators of cell death or apoptosis.
Conclusions
Our analysis revealed a discordance between experimental findings and the way they were presented and discussed in the manuscripts. To improve quality of pre-clinical research, we require clear nomenclature by which different cell culture claims are distinctively categorized; materials and methods sections to be written more meticulously; and cell culture methods to be selected and utilized more carefully. In this paper we recommend a nomenclature for selected cell culture claims as well as a methodology for collecting evidence to support those claims.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Burak Özkaya
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, İzmir University of Economics, İzmir, Turkey
- * E-mail:
| | - Caner Geyik
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, İstinye University, İstanbul, Turkey
- ISUMKAM Molecular Cancer Research Center, İstinye University, Istanbul, Turkey
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12
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Maritan M, Autin L, Karr J, Covert MW, Olson AJ, Goodsell DS. Building Structural Models of a Whole Mycoplasma Cell. J Mol Biol 2022; 434:167351. [PMID: 34774566 PMCID: PMC8752489 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmb.2021.167351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2021] [Revised: 11/04/2021] [Accepted: 11/05/2021] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Building structural models of entire cells has been a long-standing cross-discipline challenge for the research community, as it requires an unprecedented level of integration between multiple sources of biological data and enhanced methods for computational modeling and visualization. Here, we present the first 3D structural models of an entire Mycoplasma genitalium (MG) cell, built using the CellPACK suite of computational modeling tools. Our model recapitulates the data described in recent whole-cell system biology simulations and provides a structural representation for all MG proteins, DNA and RNA molecules, obtained by combining experimental and homology-modeled structures and lattice-based models of the genome. We establish a framework for gathering, curating and evaluating these structures, exposing current weaknesses of modeling methods and the boundaries of MG structural knowledge, and visualization methods to explore functional characteristics of the genome and proteome. We compare two approaches for data gathering, a manually-curated workflow and an automated workflow that uses homologous structures, both of which are appropriate for the analysis of mesoscale properties such as crowding and volume occupancy. Analysis of model quality provides estimates of the regularization that will be required when these models are used as starting points for atomic molecular dynamics simulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martina Maritan
- Department of Integrative Structural and Computational Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, 92037 USA. https://twitter.com/MartinaMaritan
| | - Ludovic Autin
- Department of Integrative Structural and Computational Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, 92037 USA. https://twitter.com/grinche
| | - Jonathan Karr
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Markus W Covert
- Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Arthur J Olson
- Department of Integrative Structural and Computational Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, 92037 USA
| | - David S Goodsell
- Department of Integrative Structural and Computational Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, 92037 USA; RCSB Protein Data Bank and Institute for Quantitative Biomedicine, Rutgers, the State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA.
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13
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristen M. Naegle
- Biomedical Engineering and the Center for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, United States of America
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14
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Xu S, Chen M, Feng T, Zhan L, Zhou L, Yu G. Use ggbreak to Effectively Utilize Plotting Space to Deal With Large Datasets and Outliers. Front Genet 2021; 12:774846. [PMID: 34795698 PMCID: PMC8593043 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2021.774846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2021] [Accepted: 10/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
With the rapid increase of large-scale datasets, biomedical data visualization is facing challenges. The data may be large, have different orders of magnitude, contain extreme values, and the data distribution is not clear. Here we present an R package ggbreak that allows users to create broken axes using ggplot2 syntax. It can effectively use the plotting area to deal with large datasets (especially for long sequential data), data with different magnitudes, and contain outliers. The ggbreak package increases the available visual space for a better presentation of the data and detailed annotation, thus improves our ability to interpret the data. The ggbreak package is fully compatible with ggplot2 and it is easy to superpose additional layers and applies scale and theme to adjust the plot using the ggplot2 syntax. The ggbreak package is open-source software released under the Artistic-2.0 license, and it is freely available on CRAN (https://CRAN.R-project.org/package=ggbreak) and Github (https://github.com/YuLab-SMU/ggbreak).
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuangbin Xu
- Department of Bioinformatics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Meijun Chen
- Department of Bioinformatics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Tingze Feng
- Department of Bioinformatics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Li Zhan
- Department of Bioinformatics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lang Zhou
- Department of Bioinformatics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Guangchuang Yu
- Department of Bioinformatics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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15
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Martin EJ, Meagher TR, Barker D. Using sound to understand protein sequence data: new sonification algorithms for protein sequences and multiple sequence alignments. BMC Bioinformatics 2021; 22:456. [PMID: 34556048 PMCID: PMC8459479 DOI: 10.1186/s12859-021-04362-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The use of sound to represent sequence data-sonification-has great potential as an alternative and complement to visual representation, exploiting features of human psychoacoustic intuitions to convey nuance more effectively. We have created five parameter-mapping sonification algorithms that aim to improve knowledge discovery from protein sequences and small protein multiple sequence alignments. For two of these algorithms, we investigated their effectiveness at conveying information. To do this we focussed on subjective assessments of user experience. This entailed a focus group session and survey research by questionnaire of individuals engaged in bioinformatics research. RESULTS For single protein sequences, the success of our sonifications for conveying features was supported by both the survey and focus group findings. For protein multiple sequence alignments, there was limited evidence that the sonifications successfully conveyed information. Additional work is required to identify effective algorithms to render multiple sequence alignment sonification useful to researchers. Feedback from both our survey and focus groups suggests future directions for sonification of multiple alignments: animated visualisation indicating the column in the multiple alignment as the sonification progresses, user control of sequence navigation, and customisation of the sound parameters. CONCLUSIONS Sonification approaches undertaken in this work have shown some success in conveying information from protein sequence data. Feedback points out future directions to build on the sonification approaches outlined in this paper. The effectiveness assessment process implemented in this work proved useful, giving detailed feedback and key approaches for improvement based on end-user input. The uptake of similar user experience focussed effectiveness assessments could also help with other areas of bioinformatics, for example in visualisation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edward J. Martin
- School of Informatics, Informatics Forum, University of Edinburgh, 10 Crichton Street, Edinburgh, EH8 9AB UK
- Institute of Evolutionary Biology, School of Biological Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Charlotte Auerbach Road, The King’s Buildings, Edinburgh, EH9 3FL UK
| | - Thomas R. Meagher
- Centre for Biological Diversity, School of Biology, University of St Andrews, Sir Harold Mitchell Building, Greenside Place, St Andrews, KY16 9TH UK
| | - Daniel Barker
- Institute of Evolutionary Biology, School of Biological Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Charlotte Auerbach Road, The King’s Buildings, Edinburgh, EH9 3FL UK
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16
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O’Donoghue SI, Schafferhans A, Sikta N, Stolte C, Kaur S, Ho BK, Anderson S, Procter JB, Dallago C, Bordin N, Adcock M, Rost B. SARS-CoV-2 structural coverage map reveals viral protein assembly, mimicry, and hijacking mechanisms. Mol Syst Biol 2021; 17:e10079. [PMID: 34519429 PMCID: PMC8438690 DOI: 10.15252/msb.202010079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2020] [Revised: 08/05/2021] [Accepted: 08/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
We modeled 3D structures of all SARS-CoV-2 proteins, generating 2,060 models that span 69% of the viral proteome and provide details not available elsewhere. We found that ˜6% of the proteome mimicked human proteins, while ˜7% was implicated in hijacking mechanisms that reverse post-translational modifications, block host translation, and disable host defenses; a further ˜29% self-assembled into heteromeric states that provided insight into how the viral replication and translation complex forms. To make these 3D models more accessible, we devised a structural coverage map, a novel visualization method to show what is-and is not-known about the 3D structure of the viral proteome. We integrated the coverage map into an accompanying online resource (https://aquaria.ws/covid) that can be used to find and explore models corresponding to the 79 structural states identified in this work. The resulting Aquaria-COVID resource helps scientists use emerging structural data to understand the mechanisms underlying coronavirus infection and draws attention to the 31% of the viral proteome that remains structurally unknown or dark.
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MESH Headings
- Amino Acid Transport Systems, Neutral/chemistry
- Amino Acid Transport Systems, Neutral/genetics
- Amino Acid Transport Systems, Neutral/metabolism
- Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2/chemistry
- Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2/genetics
- Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2/metabolism
- Binding Sites
- COVID-19/genetics
- COVID-19/metabolism
- COVID-19/virology
- Computational Biology/methods
- Coronavirus Envelope Proteins/chemistry
- Coronavirus Envelope Proteins/genetics
- Coronavirus Envelope Proteins/metabolism
- Coronavirus Nucleocapsid Proteins/chemistry
- Coronavirus Nucleocapsid Proteins/genetics
- Coronavirus Nucleocapsid Proteins/metabolism
- Host-Pathogen Interactions/genetics
- Humans
- Mitochondrial Membrane Transport Proteins/chemistry
- Mitochondrial Membrane Transport Proteins/genetics
- Mitochondrial Membrane Transport Proteins/metabolism
- Mitochondrial Precursor Protein Import Complex Proteins
- Models, Molecular
- Molecular Mimicry
- Neuropilin-1/chemistry
- Neuropilin-1/genetics
- Neuropilin-1/metabolism
- Phosphoproteins/chemistry
- Phosphoproteins/genetics
- Phosphoproteins/metabolism
- Protein Binding
- Protein Conformation, alpha-Helical
- Protein Conformation, beta-Strand
- Protein Interaction Domains and Motifs
- Protein Interaction Mapping/methods
- Protein Multimerization
- Protein Processing, Post-Translational
- SARS-CoV-2/chemistry
- SARS-CoV-2/genetics
- SARS-CoV-2/metabolism
- Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus/chemistry
- Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus/genetics
- Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus/metabolism
- Viral Matrix Proteins/chemistry
- Viral Matrix Proteins/genetics
- Viral Matrix Proteins/metabolism
- Viroporin Proteins/chemistry
- Viroporin Proteins/genetics
- Viroporin Proteins/metabolism
- Virus Replication
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Affiliation(s)
- Seán I O’Donoghue
- Garvan Institute of Medical ResearchDarlinghurstNSWAustralia
- CSIRO Data61CanberraACTAustralia
- School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences (UNSW)KensingtonNSWAustralia
| | - Andrea Schafferhans
- Garvan Institute of Medical ResearchDarlinghurstNSWAustralia
- Department of Bioengineering SciencesWeihenstephan‐Tr. University of Applied SciencesFreisingGermany
- Department of InformaticsBioinformatics & Computational BiologyTechnical University of MunichMunichGermany
| | - Neblina Sikta
- Garvan Institute of Medical ResearchDarlinghurstNSWAustralia
| | | | - Sandeep Kaur
- Garvan Institute of Medical ResearchDarlinghurstNSWAustralia
- School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences (UNSW)KensingtonNSWAustralia
| | - Bosco K Ho
- Garvan Institute of Medical ResearchDarlinghurstNSWAustralia
| | | | | | - Christian Dallago
- Department of InformaticsBioinformatics & Computational BiologyTechnical University of MunichMunichGermany
| | - Nicola Bordin
- Institute of Structural and Molecular BiologyUniversity College LondonLondonUK
| | | | - Burkhard Rost
- Department of InformaticsBioinformatics & Computational BiologyTechnical University of MunichMunichGermany
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17
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Lockwood TE, Westerhausen MT, Doble PA. Pew 2: Open-Source Imaging Software for Laser Ablation-Inductively Coupled Plasma-Mass Spectrometry. Anal Chem 2021; 93:10418-10423. [PMID: 34283564 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.1c02138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Open-sourced software is a key component of the mass spectrometry imaging field, where transparency in data processing is vital. Imaging of trace elements and immunohistochemically labeled biomolecules in tissue sections is typically performed using laser ablation-inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS). However, efficient and facile processing of images is hampered by a lack of verifiable and user-friendly software that supports multiple LA-ICP-MS platforms. In this technical note, we introduce Pew2, a LA-ICP-MS specific and feature-rich open-source image processing software that is compatible with common ICP-MS vendors. Pew2 is designed to be fast and easy to use and adheres to modern visualization philosophies to maximize productivity and to minimize data interpretation errors and image anomalies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas E Lockwood
- The Atomic Medicine Initiative, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, New South Wales 2007, Australia
| | - Mika T Westerhausen
- The Atomic Medicine Initiative, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, New South Wales 2007, Australia
| | - Philip A Doble
- The Atomic Medicine Initiative, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, New South Wales 2007, Australia
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18
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Díaz I, Enguita JM, González A, García D, Cuadrado AA, Chiara MD, Valdés N. Morphing projections: a new visual technique for fast and interactive large-scale analysis of biomedical datasets. Bioinformatics 2021; 37:1571-1580. [PMID: 33245098 DOI: 10.1093/bioinformatics/btaa989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2020] [Revised: 11/09/2020] [Accepted: 11/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
MOTIVATION Biomedical research entails analyzing high dimensional records of biomedical features with hundreds or thousands of samples each. This often involves using also complementary clinical metadata, as well as a broad user domain knowledge. Common data analytics software makes use of machine learning algorithms or data visualization tools. However, they are frequently one-way analyses, providing little room for the user to reconfigure the steps in light of the observed results. In other cases, reconfigurations involve large latencies, requiring a retraining of algorithms or a large pipeline of actions. The complex and multiway nature of the problem, nonetheless, suggests that user interaction feedback is a key element to boost the cognitive process of analysis, and must be both broad and fluid. RESULTS In this article, we present a technique for biomedical data analytics, based on blending meaningful views in an efficient manner, allowing to provide a natural smooth way to transition among different but complementary representations of data and knowledge. Our hypothesis is that the confluence of diverse complementary information from different domains on a highly interactive interface allows the user to discover relevant relationships or generate new hypotheses to be investigated by other means. We illustrate the potential of this approach with three case studies involving gene expression data and clinical metadata, as representative examples of high dimensional, multidomain, biomedical data. AVAILABILITY AND IMPLEMENTATION Code and demo app to reproduce the results available at https://gitlab.com/idiazblanco/morphing-projections-demo-and-dataset-preparation. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ignacio Díaz
- Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Oviedo, Gijón 33204, Spain
| | - José M Enguita
- Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Oviedo, Gijón 33204, Spain
| | - Ana González
- Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Oviedo, Gijón 33204, Spain
| | - Diego García
- Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Oviedo, Gijón 33204, Spain
| | - Abel A Cuadrado
- Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Oviedo, Gijón 33204, Spain
| | - María D Chiara
- Institute of Sanitary Research of the Principado de Asturias, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, Oviedo 33011, Spain.,CIBERONC (Network of Biomedical Research in Cancer), Madrid 28029, Spain
| | - Nuria Valdés
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Hospital Universitario de Cabueñes, Gijón 33204, Spain
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19
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González-Sánchez JC, Ibrahim MFR, Leist IC, Weise K, Russell R. Mechnetor: a web server for exploring protein mechanism and the functional context of genetic variants. Nucleic Acids Res 2021; 49:W366-W374. [PMID: 34076240 PMCID: PMC8262711 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkab399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2021] [Revised: 04/06/2021] [Accepted: 05/31/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Advances in DNA sequencing and proteomics mean that researchers must now regularly interrogate thousands of positional gene/protein changes in order to find those relevant for potential clinical application or biological insights. The abundance of already known information on protein interactions, mechanism, and tertiary structure provides the possible means to understand these changes rapidly, though a careful and systematic integration of these diverse datasets is first needed. For this purpose, we developed Mechnetor, a tool that allows users to quickly explore and visualize integrated mechanistic data for proteins or interactions of interest. Central to the system is a careful cataloguing of diverse sources of protein interaction mechanism, and an efficient means to visualize interactions between relevant and/or known protein regions. The result is a finer resolution interaction network that provides more immediate clues as to points of intervention or mechanistic understanding. Users can import protein, interactions, genetic variants or post-translational modifications and see these data in the best known mechanistic context. We demonstrate the tool with topical examples in human genetic diseases and cancer genomics. The tool is freely available at: mechnetor.russelllab.org.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Carlos González-Sánchez
- BioQuant, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg 69120, Germany
- Biochemistry Center (BZH), Heidelberg University, Heidelberg 69120, Germany
| | - Mustafa F R Ibrahim
- BioQuant, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg 69120, Germany
- Biochemistry Center (BZH), Heidelberg University, Heidelberg 69120, Germany
| | - Ivo C Leist
- BioQuant, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg 69120, Germany
- Biochemistry Center (BZH), Heidelberg University, Heidelberg 69120, Germany
| | - Kyle R Weise
- BioQuant, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg 69120, Germany
- Biochemistry Center (BZH), Heidelberg University, Heidelberg 69120, Germany
| | - Robert B Russell
- BioQuant, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg 69120, Germany
- Biochemistry Center (BZH), Heidelberg University, Heidelberg 69120, Germany
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20
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O'Donoghue SI. Grand Challenges in Bioinformatics Data Visualization. FRONTIERS IN BIOINFORMATICS 2021; 1:669186. [PMID: 36303723 PMCID: PMC9581027 DOI: 10.3389/fbinf.2021.669186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2021] [Accepted: 04/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Seán I. O'Donoghue
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, NSW, Australia
- School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, University of New South Wales, Kensington, NSW, Australia
- CSIRO Data61, Eveleigh, NSW, Australia
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21
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De Santis I, Zanoni M, Arienti C, Bevilacqua A, Tesei A. Density Distribution Maps: A Novel Tool for Subcellular Distribution Analysis and Quantitative Biomedical Imaging. SENSORS 2021; 21:s21031009. [PMID: 33540807 PMCID: PMC7867329 DOI: 10.3390/s21031009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2021] [Revised: 01/26/2021] [Accepted: 01/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Subcellular spatial location is an essential descriptor of molecules biological function. Presently, super-resolution microscopy techniques enable quantification of subcellular objects distribution in fluorescence images, but they rely on instrumentation, tools and expertise not constituting a default for most of laboratories. We propose a method that allows resolving subcellular structures location by reinforcing each single pixel position with the information from surroundings. Although designed for entry-level laboratory equipment with common resolution powers, our method is independent from imaging device resolution, and thus can benefit also super-resolution microscopy. The approach permits to generate density distribution maps (DDMs) informative of both objects’ absolute location and self-relative displacement, thus practically reducing location uncertainty and increasing the accuracy of signal mapping. This work proves the capability of the DDMs to: (a) improve the informativeness of spatial distributions; (b) empower subcellular molecules distributions analysis; (c) extend their applicability beyond mere spatial object mapping. Finally, the possibility of enhancing or even disclosing latent distributions can concretely speed-up routine, large-scale and follow-up experiments, besides representing a benefit for all spatial distribution studies, independently of the image acquisition resolution. DDMaker, a Software endowed with a user-friendly Graphical User Interface (GUI), is also provided to support users in DDMs creation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilaria De Santis
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (DIMEC), Alma Mater Studiorum, University of Bologna, I-40138 Bologna, Italy;
- Interdepartmental Centre Alma Mater Research Institute on Global Challenges and Climate Change (Alma Climate), University of Bologna, I-40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Michele Zanoni
- Biosciences Laboratory, IRCCS Istituto Scientifico Romagnolo per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori (IRST) “Dino Amadori”, I-47014 Meldola, Italy; (M.Z.); (C.A.); (A.T.)
| | - Chiara Arienti
- Biosciences Laboratory, IRCCS Istituto Scientifico Romagnolo per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori (IRST) “Dino Amadori”, I-47014 Meldola, Italy; (M.Z.); (C.A.); (A.T.)
| | - Alessandro Bevilacqua
- Advanced Research Center on Electronic Systems (ARCES) for Information and Communication Technologies “E. De Castro”, University of Bologna, I-40125 Bologna, Italy
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering (DISI), University of Bologna, I-40136 Bologna, Italy
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-051-20-9-5409
| | - Anna Tesei
- Biosciences Laboratory, IRCCS Istituto Scientifico Romagnolo per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori (IRST) “Dino Amadori”, I-47014 Meldola, Italy; (M.Z.); (C.A.); (A.T.)
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22
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Avraam D, Wilson R, Butters O, Burton T, Nicolaides C, Jones E, Boyd A, Burton P. Privacy preserving data visualizations. EPJ DATA SCIENCE 2021; 10:2. [PMID: 33442528 PMCID: PMC7790778 DOI: 10.1140/epjds/s13688-020-00257-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2020] [Accepted: 12/10/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Data visualizations are a valuable tool used during both statistical analysis and the interpretation of results as they graphically reveal useful information about the structure, properties and relationships between variables, which may otherwise be concealed in tabulated data. In disciplines like medicine and the social sciences, where collected data include sensitive information about study participants, the sharing and publication of individual-level records is controlled by data protection laws and ethico-legal norms. Thus, as data visualizations - such as graphs and plots - may be linked to other released information and used to identify study participants and their personal attributes, their creation is often prohibited by the terms of data use. These restrictions are enforced to reduce the risk of breaching data subject confidentiality, however they limit analysts from displaying useful descriptive plots for their research features and findings. Here we propose the use of anonymization techniques to generate privacy-preserving visualizations that retain the statistical properties of the underlying data while still adhering to strict data disclosure rules. We demonstrate the use of (i) the well-known k-anonymization process which preserves privacy by reducing the granularity of the data using suppression and generalization, (ii) a novel deterministic approach that replaces individual-level observations with the centroids of each k nearest neighbours, and (iii) a probabilistic procedure that perturbs individual attributes with the addition of random stochastic noise. We apply the proposed methods to generate privacy-preserving data visualizations for exploratory data analysis and inferential regression plot diagnostics, and we discuss their strengths and limitations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Demetris Avraam
- Population Health Sciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK
- Department of Business and Public Administration, University of Cyprus, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Rebecca Wilson
- Population Health Sciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK
- Department of Public Health, Policy and Systems, Institute of Population Health, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Oliver Butters
- Population Health Sciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK
- Department of Public Health, Policy and Systems, Institute of Population Health, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Thomas Burton
- Department of Computer Science, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Christos Nicolaides
- Department of Business and Public Administration, University of Cyprus, Nicosia, Cyprus
- Nireas Research Center, University of Cyprus, Nicosia, Cyprus
- Sloan School of Management, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Elinor Jones
- Department of Statistical Science, University College London, London, UK
| | - Andy Boyd
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Paul Burton
- Population Health Sciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK
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23
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Genomic Investigation into the Virulome, Pathogenicity, Stress Response Factors, Clonal Lineages, and Phylogenetic Relationship of Escherichia coli Strains Isolated from Meat Sources in Ghana. Genes (Basel) 2020; 11:genes11121504. [PMID: 33327465 PMCID: PMC7764966 DOI: 10.3390/genes11121504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2020] [Revised: 11/29/2020] [Accepted: 12/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Escherichia coli are among the most common foodborne pathogens associated with infections reported from meat sources. This study investigated the virulome, pathogenicity, stress response factors, clonal lineages, and the phylogenomic relationship of E. coli isolated from different meat sources in Ghana using whole-genome sequencing. Isolates were screened from five meat sources (beef, chevon, guinea fowl, local chicken, and mutton) and five areas (Aboabo, Central market, Nyorni, Victory cinema, and Tishegu) based in the Tamale Metropolis, Ghana. Following microbial identification, the E. coli strains were subjected to whole-genome sequencing. Comparative visualisation analyses showed different DNA synteny of the strains. The isolates consisted of diverse sequence types (STs) with the most common being ST155 (n = 3/14). Based Upon Related Sequence Types (eBURST) analyses of the study sequence types identified four similar clones, five single-locus variants, and two satellite clones (more distantly) with global curated E. coli STs. All the isolates possessed at least one restriction-modification (R-M) and CRISPR defence system. Further analysis revealed conserved stress response mechanisms (detoxification, osmotic, oxidative, and periplasmic stress) in the strains. Estimation of pathogenicity predicted a higher average probability score (Pscore ≈ 0.937), supporting their pathogenic potential to humans. Diverse virulence genes that were clonal-specific were identified. Phylogenomic tree analyses coupled with metadata insights depicted the high genetic diversity of the E. coli isolates with no correlation with their meat sources and areas. The findings of this bioinformatic analyses further our understanding of E. coli in meat sources and are broadly relevant to the design of contamination control strategies in meat retail settings in Ghana.
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24
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Khomtchouk BB, Tran DT, Vand KA, Might M, Gozani O, Assimes TL. Cardioinformatics: the nexus of bioinformatics and precision cardiology. Brief Bioinform 2020; 21:2031-2051. [PMID: 31802103 PMCID: PMC7947182 DOI: 10.1093/bib/bbz119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2019] [Revised: 08/08/2019] [Accepted: 08/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death worldwide, causing over 17 million deaths per year, which outpaces global cancer mortality rates. Despite these sobering statistics, most bioinformatics and computational biology research and funding to date has been concentrated predominantly on cancer research, with a relatively modest footprint in CVD. In this paper, we review the existing literary landscape and critically assess the unmet need to further develop an emerging field at the multidisciplinary interface of bioinformatics and precision cardiovascular medicine, which we refer to as 'cardioinformatics'.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bohdan B Khomtchouk
- Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- VA Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Section of Computational Biomedicine and Biomedical Data Science, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Diem-Trang Tran
- School of Computing, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | | | - Matthew Might
- Hugh Kaul Personalized Medicine Institute, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Or Gozani
- Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Themistocles L Assimes
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- VA Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA, USA
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25
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Abstract
We live in a contemporary society surrounded by visuals, which, along with software options and electronic distribution, has created an increased importance on effective scientific visuals. Unfortunately, across scientific disciplines, many figures incorrectly present information or, when not incorrect, still use suboptimal data visualization practices. Presented here are ten principles that serve as guidance for authors who seek to improve their visual message. Some principles are less technical, such as determining the message before starting the visual, while other principles are more technical, such as how different color combinations imply different information. Because figure making is often not formally taught and figure standards are not readily enforced in science, it is incumbent upon scientists to be aware of best practices in order to most effectively tell the story of their data. Visuals are an increasingly important form of science communication, yet many scientists are not well trained in design principles for effective messaging. Despite challenges, many visuals can be improved by taking some simple steps before, during, and after their creation. This article presents some sequential principles that are designed to improve visual messages created by scientists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen R. Midway
- Department of Oceanography and Coastal Sciences, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA
- Corresponding author
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26
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Poronnik P, Sellwood MJ. Bioscience education 2030 and beyond: Where will technology take the curriculum? BIOCHEMISTRY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY EDUCATION : A BIMONTHLY PUBLICATION OF THE INTERNATIONAL UNION OF BIOCHEMISTRY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2020; 48:563-567. [PMID: 32745335 DOI: 10.1002/bmb.21393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2020] [Accepted: 05/22/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
This brief review explores the ever-increasing role that technological affordances may play in the 21C biochemistry and molecular biology curriculum. We consider the need to develop digital and creative fluencies in our students and the importance of creativity and visualization in learning science. The potential of virtual reality (VR) platforms to complement these goals are discussed with a number of examples. Finally, we look into the future where to see how VR might fit into a future curriculum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philip Poronnik
- Discipline of Physiology, School of Medical Sciences, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Matthew J Sellwood
- Discipline of Physiology, School of Medical Sciences, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia
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27
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Ho SY, Tan S, Sze CC, Wong L, Goh WWB. What can Venn diagrams teach us about doing data science better? INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF DATA SCIENCE AND ANALYTICS 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s41060-020-00230-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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28
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Kaur S, Peters TJ, Yang P, Luu LDW, Vuong J, Krycer JR, O'Donoghue SI. Temporal ordering of omics and multiomic events inferred from time-series data. NPJ Syst Biol Appl 2020; 6:22. [PMID: 32678105 PMCID: PMC7366653 DOI: 10.1038/s41540-020-0141-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2020] [Accepted: 06/18/2020] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Temporal changes in omics events can now be routinely measured; however, current analysis methods are often inadequate, especially for multiomics experiments. We report a novel analysis method that can infer event ordering at better temporal resolution than the experiment, and integrates omic events into two concise visualizations (event maps and sparklines). Testing our method gave results well-correlated with prior knowledge and indicated it streamlines analysis of time-series data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandeep Kaur
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, NSW, 2010, Australia.,University of New South Wales, Kensington, NSW, 2052, Australia
| | - Timothy J Peters
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, NSW, 2010, Australia
| | - Pengyi Yang
- School of Mathematics and Statistics, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, 2006, Australia.,Children's Medical Research Institute, Westmead, NSW, 2145, Australia
| | | | - Jenny Vuong
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, NSW, 2010, Australia.,Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation, Eveleigh, NSW, 2015, Australia
| | - James R Krycer
- School of Mathematics and Statistics, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, 2006, Australia.,School of Life and Environmental Sciences, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, 2006, Australia
| | - Seán I O'Donoghue
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, NSW, 2010, Australia. .,University of New South Wales, Kensington, NSW, 2052, Australia. .,Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation, Eveleigh, NSW, 2015, Australia.
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29
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Visual storytelling enhances knowledge dissemination in biomedical science. J Biomed Inform 2020; 107:103458. [PMID: 32445856 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbi.2020.103458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2019] [Revised: 05/02/2020] [Accepted: 05/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Research findings in biomedical science are often summarized in statistical plots and sophisticated data presentations. Such visualizations are challenging for people who lack the appropriate scientific background or even experts who work in other areas. Scientists have to maximize knowledge dissemination by improving the communication of their findings to the public. To address the need for compelling and successful information visualizations in biomedical science, we propose a new theoretical framework for Visual Storytelling and illustrate its potential application through two visual stories, one on vaccine safety and one on cancer immunotherapy. In both examples, we rely on solid data and combine multiple media (photographs, illustrations, choropleth maps, tables, graphs, and charts) with text to create powerful visual stories for the selected target audiences. If fully validated, the proposed theory may shed light into non-traditional techniques for building visual stories and further the agenda of creating compelling information visualizations.
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30
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Seide SE, Jensen K, Kieser M. Utilizing radar graphs in the visualization of simulation and estimation results in network meta-analysis. Res Synth Methods 2020; 12:96-105. [PMID: 32367691 DOI: 10.1002/jrsm.1412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2019] [Revised: 04/02/2020] [Accepted: 04/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Traditional visualization in meta-analysis uses forest plots to illustrate the combined treatment effect, along with the respective results from primary trials. While the purpose of visualization is clear in the pairwise setting, additional treatments broaden the focus and extend the results to be illustrated in network meta-analysis. The complexity increases further in situations where all potential contrasts in the network are compared to a predefined fixed value of interest, such as the 95% coverage evaluated against the nominal value of 95% in simulation studies. We propose utilizing radar graphs to illustrate results from network meta-analysis in cases where the interest lies in the comparison of estimated results (after fitting a network meta-analysis in a specific data set) or a performance measure (simulation study) to a pre-defined fixed reference value. Accounting for the complex high-dimensional data structure, the general picture of the full network is captured at once without increasing the space needed for visualization. Especially in large simulation studies, where multiple scenarios need to be visually combined to gain an overview on different scenarios, this type of illustration facilitates the discussion of results. Further properties, such as the expected variation due to the Monte-Carlo error or the differentiation between directly and indirectly estimated treatment contrasts in simulation studies, as well as the indication of well-connected and sparsely connected treatments in an applied network meta-analysis, can additionally be included in the visualization. While we used the radar-graph mainly for a simulation study, other applications are suitable whenever relative contributions of treatment (contrasts) are of interest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Svenja E Seide
- Institute of Medical Biometry and Informatics, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Katrin Jensen
- Institute of Medical Biometry and Informatics, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Meinhard Kieser
- Institute of Medical Biometry and Informatics, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
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31
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Alexandrov T. Spatial Metabolomics and Imaging Mass Spectrometry in the Age of Artificial Intelligence. Annu Rev Biomed Data Sci 2020; 3:61-87. [PMID: 34056560 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-biodatasci-011420-031537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Spatial metabolomics is an emerging field of omics research that has enabled localizing metabolites, lipids, and drugs in tissue sections, a feat considered impossible just two decades ago. Spatial metabolomics and its enabling technology-imaging mass spectrometry-generate big hyper-spectral imaging data that have motivated the development of tailored computational methods at the intersection of computational metabolomics and image analysis. Experimental and computational developments have recently opened doors to applications of spatial metabolomics in life sciences and biomedicine. At the same time, these advances have coincided with a rapid evolution in machine learning, deep learning, and artificial intelligence, which are transforming our everyday life and promise to revolutionize biology and healthcare. Here, we introduce spatial metabolomics through the eyes of a computational scientist, review the outstanding challenges, provide a look into the future, and discuss opportunities granted by the ongoing convergence of human and artificial intelligence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Theodore Alexandrov
- Structural and Computational Biology Unit, European Molecular Biology Laboratory, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany.,Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, USA
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32
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Nayak S, Iwasa JH. Preparing scientists for a visual future: Visualization is a powerful tool for research and communication but requires training and support. EMBO Rep 2019; 20:e49347. [PMID: 31608553 DOI: 10.15252/embr.201949347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The increasing complexity of biological data along with the need to communicate results requires visualization. It requires more training and support though to help scientists create efficient visual representations of their work.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shraddha Nayak
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Janet H Iwasa
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
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33
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Nusrat S, Harbig T, Gehlenborg N. Tasks, Techniques, and Tools for Genomic Data Visualization. COMPUTER GRAPHICS FORUM : JOURNAL OF THE EUROPEAN ASSOCIATION FOR COMPUTER GRAPHICS 2019; 38:781-805. [PMID: 31768085 PMCID: PMC6876635 DOI: 10.1111/cgf.13727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Genomic data visualization is essential for interpretation and hypothesis generation as well as a valuable aid in communicating discoveries. Visual tools bridge the gap between algorithmic approaches and the cognitive skills of investigators. Addressing this need has become crucial in genomics, as biomedical research is increasingly data-driven and many studies lack well-defined hypotheses. A key challenge in data-driven research is to discover unexpected patterns and to formulate hypotheses in an unbiased manner in vast amounts of genomic and other associated data. Over the past two decades, this has driven the development of numerous data visualization techniques and tools for visualizing genomic data. Based on a comprehensive literature survey, we propose taxonomies for data, visualization, and tasks involved in genomic data visualization. Furthermore, we provide a comprehensive review of published genomic visualization tools in the context of the proposed taxonomies.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Nusrat
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - T Harbig
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - N Gehlenborg
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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34
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FluxVisualizer, a Software to Visualize Fluxes through Metabolic Networks. Processes (Basel) 2018. [DOI: 10.3390/pr6050039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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