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Shen X, He J, Zhang N, Li Y, Lei X, Sun C, Muhammad A, Shao Y. Assessing the quality and eco-beneficial microbes in the use of silkworm excrement compost. WASTE MANAGEMENT (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2024; 183:163-173. [PMID: 38759274 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2024.05.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2024] [Revised: 05/09/2024] [Accepted: 05/12/2024] [Indexed: 05/19/2024]
Abstract
Sericulture has become widespread globally, and the utilization of artificial diets produces a substantial quantity of silkworm excrement. Although silkworm excrement can be composted for environmentally friendly disposal, the potential utility of the resulting compost remains underexplored. The aim of this study was to assess the quality of this unique compost and screen for eco-beneficial microbes, providing a new perspective on microbial research in waste management, especially in sustainable agriculture. The low-concentration compost application exhibited a greater plant growth-promoting effect, which was attributed to an appropriate nutritional value (N, P, K, and dissolved organic matter) and the presence of plant growth-promoting bacteria (PGPB) within the compost. Encouraged by the "One Health" concept, the eco-benefits of potent PGPB, namely, Klebsiella pneumoniae and Bacillus licheniformis, in sericulture were further evaluated. For plants, K. pneumoniae and B. licheniformis increased plant weight by 152.44 % and 130.91 %, respectively. We also found that even a simple synthetic community composed of the two bacteria performed better than any single bacterium. For animals, K. pneumoniae significantly increased the silkworm (Qiufeng × Baiyu strain) cocoon shell weight by 111.94 %, which could increase sericulture profitability. We also elucidated the mechanism by which K. pneumoniae assisted silkworms in degrading tannic acid, a common plant-derived antifeedant, thereby increasing silkworm feed efficiency. Overall, these findings provide the first data revealing multiple beneficial interactions among silkworm excrement-derived microbes, plants, and animals, highlighting the importance of focusing on microbes in sustainable agriculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqiang Shen
- Max Planck Partner Group, Institute of Sericulture and Apiculture, Faculty of Agriculture, Life and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jintao He
- Max Planck Partner Group, Institute of Sericulture and Apiculture, Faculty of Agriculture, Life and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Nan Zhang
- Max Planck Partner Group, Institute of Sericulture and Apiculture, Faculty of Agriculture, Life and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yu Li
- Max Planck Partner Group, Institute of Sericulture and Apiculture, Faculty of Agriculture, Life and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoyu Lei
- Max Planck Partner Group, Institute of Sericulture and Apiculture, Faculty of Agriculture, Life and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chao Sun
- Analysis Center of Agrobiology and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Abrar Muhammad
- Max Planck Partner Group, Institute of Sericulture and Apiculture, Faculty of Agriculture, Life and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yongqi Shao
- Max Planck Partner Group, Institute of Sericulture and Apiculture, Faculty of Agriculture, Life and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Silkworm and Bee Resource Utilization and Innovation of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China; Key Laboratory for Molecular Animal Nutrition, Ministry of Education, Hangzhou, China.
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Zeng Z, Tong X, Yang Y, Zhang Y, Deng S, Zhang G, Dai F. Pediococcus pentosaceus ZZ61 enhances growth performance and pathogenic resistance of silkworm Bombyx mori by regulating gut microbiota and metabolites. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2024; 402:130821. [PMID: 38735341 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2024.130821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2024] [Revised: 05/05/2024] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/14/2024]
Abstract
Probiotics have attracted considerable attention in animal husbandry due to their positive effect on animal growth and health. This study aimed to screen candidate probiotic strain promoting the growth and health of silkworm and reveal the potential mechanisms. A novel probiotic Pediococcus pentosaceus strain (ZZ61) substantially promoted body weight gain, feed efficiency, and silk yield. These effects were likely mediated by changes in the intestinal digestive enzyme activity and nutrient provisioning (e.g., B vitamins) of the host, improving nutrient digestion and assimilation. Additionally, P. pentosaceus produced antimicrobial compounds and increased the antioxidant capacity to protect the host against pathogenic infection. Furthermore, P. pentosaceus affected the gut microbiome and altered the levels of gut metabolites (e.g., glycine and glycerophospholipids), which in turn promotes host nutrition and health. This study contributes to an improved understanding of the interactions between probiotic and host and promotes probiotic utilization in sericulture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhu Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Resource Insects, College of Sericulture, Textile and Biomass Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China.
| | - Xiaoling Tong
- State Key Laboratory of Resource Insects, College of Sericulture, Textile and Biomass Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China.
| | - Yi Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Resource Insects, College of Sericulture, Textile and Biomass Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China.
| | - Yuli Zhang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Sericultural Genetic Improvement and Efficient Breeding, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning 530007, China.
| | - Shuwen Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Resource Insects, College of Sericulture, Textile and Biomass Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China.
| | - Guizheng Zhang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Sericultural Genetic Improvement and Efficient Breeding, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning 530007, China.
| | - Fangyin Dai
- State Key Laboratory of Resource Insects, College of Sericulture, Textile and Biomass Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China.
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Subrahmanyam G, Thirupathaiah Y, Vijay N, Debnath R, Arunkumar KP, Gadwala M, Sangannavar PA, Manthira Moorthy S, Chutia M. Contrasting gut bacteriomes unveiled between wild Antheraea assamensis Helfer (Lepidoptera: Saturniidae) and domesticated Bombyx mori L. (Lepidoptera: Bombycidae) silkworms. Mol Biol Rep 2024; 51:666. [PMID: 38777963 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-024-09629-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 05/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Insect gut microbiomes play a fundamental role in various aspects of insect physiology, including digestion, nutrient metabolism, detoxification, immunity, growth and development. The wild Muga silkworm, Antheraea assamensis Helfer holds significant economic importance, as it produces golden silk. METHODS AND RESULTS In the current investigation, we deciphered its intricate gut bacteriome through high-throughput 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing. Further, to understand bacterial community dynamics among silkworms raised under outdoor environmental conditions, we compared its gut bacteriomes with those of the domesticated mulberry silkworm, Bombyx mori L. Most abundant bacterial phyla identified in the gut of A. assamensis were Proteobacteria (78.1%), Bacteroidetes (8.0%) and Firmicutes (6.6%), whereas the most-abundant phyla in B. mori were Firmicutes (49-86%) and Actinobacteria (10-36%). Further, Gammaproteobacteria (57.1%), Alphaproteobacteria (10.47%) and Betaproteobacteria (8.28%) were the dominant bacterial classes found in the gut of A. assamensis. The predominant bacterial families in A. assamensis gut were Enterobacteriaceae (27.7%), Comamonadaceae (9.13%), Pseudomonadaceae (9.08%) Flavobacteriaceae (7.59%) Moraxellaceae (7.38%) Alteromonadaceae (6.8%) and Enterococcaceae (4.46%). In B. mori, the most-abundant bacterial families were Peptostreptococcaceae, Enterococcaceae, Lactobacillaceae and Bifidobacteriaceae, though all showed great variability among the samples. The core gut bacteriome of A. assamensis consisted of Pseudomonas, Acinetobacter, Variovorax, Myroides, Alteromonas, Enterobacter, Enterococcus, Sphingomonas, Brevundimonas, Oleispira, Comamonas, Oleibacter Vagococcus, Aminobacter, Marinobacter, Cupriavidus, Aeromonas, and Bacillus. Comparative gut bacteriome analysis revealed a more complex gut bacterial diversity in wild A. assamensis silkworms than in domesticated B. mori silkworms, which contained a relatively simple gut bacteriome as estimated by OTU richness. Predictive functional profiling of the gut bacteriome suggested that gut bacteria in A. assamensis were associated with a wide range of physiological, nutritional, and metabolic functions, including biodegradation of xenobiotics, lipid, amino acid, carbohydrate metabolism, and biosynthesis of secondary metabolites and amino acids. CONCLUSIONS These results showed great differences in the composition and diversity of gut bacteria between the two silkworm species. Both insect species harbored core bacterial taxa commonly found in insects, but the relative abundance and composition of these taxa varied markedly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gangavarapu Subrahmanyam
- Seri-biotech Research Laboratory, Central Silk Board, Ministry of Textiles, Govt. of India, Kodathi, Carmelram Post, Bangalore, Karnataka, 560035, India.
| | - Yeruva Thirupathaiah
- Central Sericultural Research & Training Institute, Central Silk Board, Manandawadi Road, Srirampura, Mysore, Karnataka, 570008, India
| | - N Vijay
- Central Muga Eri Research & Training Institute, Central Silk Board, Ministry of Textiles, Govt. of India, Lahdoigarh, Jorhat, Assam, 785700, India
| | - Rajal Debnath
- Seri-biotech Research Laboratory, Central Silk Board, Ministry of Textiles, Govt. of India, Kodathi, Carmelram Post, Bangalore, Karnataka, 560035, India
| | - K P Arunkumar
- Central Muga Eri Research & Training Institute, Central Silk Board, Ministry of Textiles, Govt. of India, Lahdoigarh, Jorhat, Assam, 785700, India
| | - Mallikarjuna Gadwala
- Central Sericultural Research & Training Institute, Central Silk Board, Manandawadi Road, Srirampura, Mysore, Karnataka, 570008, India
| | - Prashant A Sangannavar
- Central Silk Board, Ministry of Textiles, Govt. of India, B.T.M. Layout, Madivala, Bangalore, Karnataka, 560068, India
| | - S Manthira Moorthy
- Seri-biotech Research Laboratory, Central Silk Board, Ministry of Textiles, Govt. of India, Kodathi, Carmelram Post, Bangalore, Karnataka, 560035, India
| | - Mahananda Chutia
- Muga Eri Silkworm Seed Organization, Central Silk Board, Reshom Nagar, Khanapara, Guwahati, Assam, 781022, India
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Wang G, Ding X, Yang J, Ma L, Sun X, Zhu R, Lu R, Xiao Z, Xing Z, Liu J, Pan Z, Xu S, Sima Y. Effects of Habitual Dietary Change on the Gut Microbiota and Health of Silkworms. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:1722. [PMID: 38339000 PMCID: PMC10855636 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25031722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2024] [Revised: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 01/27/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Diet plays a crucial role in shaping the gut microbiota and overall health of animals. Traditionally, silkworms are fed fresh mulberry leaves, and artificial diets do not support good health. The aim of this study was to explore the relationship between the dietary transition from artificial diets to mulberry leaves and the effects on the gut microbiota and physiological changes in silkworms as a model organism. With the transition from artificial diets to mulberry leaves, the diversity of the silkworm gut microbiota increased, and the proportion of Enterococcus and Weissella, the dominant gut bacterial species in silkworms reared on artificial diets, decreased, whereas the abundance of Achromobacter and Rhodococcus increased. Dietary transition at different times, including the third or fifth instar larval stages, resulted in significant differences in the growth and development, immune resistance, and silk production capacity of silkworms. These changes might have been associated with the rapid adaptation of the intestinal microbiota of silkworms to dietary transition. This study preliminarily established a dietary transition-gut microbial model in silkworms based on the conversion from artificial diets to mulberry leaves, thus providing an important reference for future studies on the mechanisms through which habitual dietary changes affect host physiology through the gut microbiome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guang Wang
- School of Biology and Basic Medical Sciences, Suzhou Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China; (G.W.); (S.X.)
- Institute of Agricultural Biotechnology & Ecology (IABE), Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Xueyan Ding
- School of Biology and Basic Medical Sciences, Suzhou Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China; (G.W.); (S.X.)
- Institute of Agricultural Biotechnology & Ecology (IABE), Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Jiameng Yang
- School of Biology and Basic Medical Sciences, Suzhou Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China; (G.W.); (S.X.)
- Institute of Agricultural Biotechnology & Ecology (IABE), Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Lu Ma
- School of Biology and Basic Medical Sciences, Suzhou Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China; (G.W.); (S.X.)
- Institute of Agricultural Biotechnology & Ecology (IABE), Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Xiaoning Sun
- School of Biology and Basic Medical Sciences, Suzhou Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China; (G.W.); (S.X.)
- Institute of Agricultural Biotechnology & Ecology (IABE), Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Ruihong Zhu
- School of Biology and Basic Medical Sciences, Suzhou Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China; (G.W.); (S.X.)
- Institute of Agricultural Biotechnology & Ecology (IABE), Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Riming Lu
- School of Biology and Basic Medical Sciences, Suzhou Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China; (G.W.); (S.X.)
- Institute of Agricultural Biotechnology & Ecology (IABE), Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Zhitian Xiao
- School of Biology and Basic Medical Sciences, Suzhou Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China; (G.W.); (S.X.)
- Institute of Agricultural Biotechnology & Ecology (IABE), Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Zhiyi Xing
- School of Biology and Basic Medical Sciences, Suzhou Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China; (G.W.); (S.X.)
- Institute of Agricultural Biotechnology & Ecology (IABE), Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Jingbin Liu
- School of Biology and Basic Medical Sciences, Suzhou Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China; (G.W.); (S.X.)
- Institute of Agricultural Biotechnology & Ecology (IABE), Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Zhonghua Pan
- School of Biology and Basic Medical Sciences, Suzhou Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China; (G.W.); (S.X.)
- Institute of Agricultural Biotechnology & Ecology (IABE), Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Shiqing Xu
- School of Biology and Basic Medical Sciences, Suzhou Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China; (G.W.); (S.X.)
- Institute of Agricultural Biotechnology & Ecology (IABE), Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Yanghu Sima
- School of Biology and Basic Medical Sciences, Suzhou Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China; (G.W.); (S.X.)
- Institute of Agricultural Biotechnology & Ecology (IABE), Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
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5
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Šigutová H, Pyszko P, Šigut M, Czajová K, Kostovčík M, Kolařík M, Hařovská D, Drozd P. Concentration-dependent effect of plant secondary metabolites on bacterial and fungal microbiomes in caterpillar guts. Microbiol Spectr 2024; 12:e0299423. [PMID: 37991377 PMCID: PMC10783044 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.02994-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 11/23/2023] Open
Abstract
IMPORTANCE The caterpillar gut is an excellent model system for studying host-microbiome interactions, as it represents an extreme environment for microbial life that usually has low diversity and considerable variability in community composition. Our study design combines feeding caterpillars on a natural and artificial diet with controlled levels of plant secondary metabolites and uses metabarcoding and quantitative PCR to simultaneously profile bacterial and fungal assemblages, which has never been performed. Moreover, we focus on multiple caterpillar species and consider diet breadth. Contrary to many previous studies, our study suggested the functional importance of certain microbial taxa, especially bacteria, and confirmed the previously proposed lower importance of fungi for caterpillar holobiont. Our study revealed the lack of differences between monophagous and polyphagous species in the responses of microbial assemblages to plant secondary metabolites, suggesting the limited role of the microbiome in the plasticity of the herbivore diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hana Šigutová
- Department of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Science, University of Ostrava, Ostrava, Czechia
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Palacký University, Olomouc, Czechia
| | - Petr Pyszko
- Department of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Science, University of Ostrava, Ostrava, Czechia
| | - Martin Šigut
- Department of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Science, University of Ostrava, Ostrava, Czechia
- Institute of Microbiology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Prague, Czechia
| | - Kateřina Czajová
- Department of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Science, University of Ostrava, Ostrava, Czechia
| | - Martin Kostovčík
- Institute of Microbiology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Prague, Czechia
| | - Miroslav Kolařík
- Institute of Microbiology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Prague, Czechia
| | - Denisa Hařovská
- Department of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Science, University of Ostrava, Ostrava, Czechia
- Institute of Microbiology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Prague, Czechia
| | - Pavel Drozd
- Department of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Science, University of Ostrava, Ostrava, Czechia
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Zhang S, Song F, Wang J, Li X, Zhang Y, Zhou W, Xu L. Gut microbiota facilitate adaptation of invasive moths to new host plants. THE ISME JOURNAL 2024; 18:wrae031. [PMID: 38423525 PMCID: PMC10980833 DOI: 10.1093/ismejo/wrae031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Revised: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
Gut microbiota are important in the adaptation of phytophagous insects to their plant hosts. However, the interaction between gut microbiomes and pioneering populations of invasive insects during their adaptation to new hosts, particularly in the initial phases of invasion, has been less studied. We studied the contribution of the gut microbiome to host adaptation in the globally recognized invasive pest, Hyphantria cunea, as it expands its range into southern China. The southern population of H. cunea shows effective adaptation to Metasequoia glyptostroboides and exhibits greater larval survival on Metasequoia than the original population. Genome resequencing revealed no significant differences in functions related to host adaptation between the two populations. The compatibility between southern H. cunea populations and M. glyptostroboides revealed a correlation between the abundance of several gut bacteria genera (Bacteroides, Blautia, and Coprococcus) and H. cunea survival. Transplanting the larval gut microbiome from southern to northern populations enhanced the adaptability of the latter to the previously unsuitable plant M. glyptostroboides. This research provides evidence that the gut microbiome of pioneering populations can enhance the compatibility of invasive pests to new hosts and enable more rapid adaptation to new habitats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shouke Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China
| | - Feng Song
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China
| | - Jie Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China
| | - Xiayu Li
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, China
| | - Yuxin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, China
| | - Wenwu Zhou
- Ministry of Agricultural and Rural Affairs Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insect Pests & Key Laboratory of Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Insect Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Letian Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, China
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Sun C, Shao Y, Iqbal J. Insect Insights at the Single-Cell Level: Technologies and Applications. Cells 2023; 13:91. [PMID: 38201295 PMCID: PMC10777908 DOI: 10.3390/cells13010091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Revised: 12/23/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Single-cell techniques are a promising way to unravel the complexity and heterogeneity of transcripts at the cellular level and to reveal the composition of different cell types and functions in a tissue or organ. In recent years, advances in single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) have further changed our view of biological systems. The application of scRNA-seq in insects enables the comprehensive characterization of both common and rare cell types and cell states, the discovery of new cell types, and revealing how cell types relate to each other. The recent application of scRNA-seq techniques to insect tissues has led to a number of exciting discoveries. Here we provide an overview of scRNA-seq and its application in insect research, focusing on biological applications, current challenges, and future opportunities to make new discoveries with scRNA-seq in insects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Sun
- Analysis Center of Agrobiology and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China;
| | - Yongqi Shao
- Institute of Sericulture and Apiculture, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Junaid Iqbal
- Institute of Sericulture and Apiculture, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
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8
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Xia X, Wang Q, Gurr GM, Vasseur L, Han S, You M. Gut bacteria mediated adaptation of diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella, to secondary metabolites of host plants. mSystems 2023; 8:e0082623. [PMID: 37909778 PMCID: PMC10734469 DOI: 10.1128/msystems.00826-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/29/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023] Open
Abstract
IMPORTANCE In this study, we identify an important role of gut bacteria in mediating the adaptation of diamondback moth (DBM) to plant secondary metabolites. We demonstrate that kaempferol's presence in radish seedlings greatly reduces the fitness of DBM with depleted gut biota. Reinstatement of gut biota, particularly Enterobacter sp. EbPXG5, improved insect performance by degrading kaempferol. This bacterium was common in the larval gut of DBM, lining the epithelium as a protective film. Our work highlights the role of symbiotic bacteria in insect herbivore adaptation to plant defenses and provides a practical and mechanistic framework for developing a more comprehensive understanding of insect-gut microbe-host plant co-evolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofeng Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, Institute of Applied Ecology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
- International Joint Research Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control, Ministry of Education, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management for Fujian‐Taiwan Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Fuzhou, China
- Fujian‐Taiwan Joint Innovation Centre for Ecological Control of Crop Pests, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Qian Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, Institute of Applied Ecology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
- International Joint Research Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control, Ministry of Education, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management for Fujian‐Taiwan Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Fuzhou, China
- Fujian‐Taiwan Joint Innovation Centre for Ecological Control of Crop Pests, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Geoff M. Gurr
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, Institute of Applied Ecology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
- International Joint Research Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control, Ministry of Education, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management for Fujian‐Taiwan Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Fuzhou, China
- Graham Centre, Charles Sturt University, Orange, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Liette Vasseur
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, Institute of Applied Ecology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
- International Joint Research Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control, Ministry of Education, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management for Fujian‐Taiwan Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Fuzhou, China
- Department of Biological Sciences, Brock University, St. Catharines, Ontario, Canada
| | - Shuncai Han
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, Institute of Applied Ecology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
- International Joint Research Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control, Ministry of Education, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management for Fujian‐Taiwan Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Fuzhou, China
- Fujian‐Taiwan Joint Innovation Centre for Ecological Control of Crop Pests, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Minsheng You
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, Institute of Applied Ecology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
- International Joint Research Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control, Ministry of Education, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management for Fujian‐Taiwan Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Fuzhou, China
- Fujian‐Taiwan Joint Innovation Centre for Ecological Control of Crop Pests, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
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9
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Morrill A, Forbes MR, Vesterinen EJ, Tamminen M, Sääksjärvi IE, Kaunisto KM. Molecular Characterisation of Faecal Bacterial Assemblages Among Four Species of Syntopic Odonates. MICROBIAL ECOLOGY 2023; 87:16. [PMID: 38108886 PMCID: PMC10728244 DOI: 10.1007/s00248-023-02328-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
Factors such as host species, phylogeny, diet, and both timing and location of sampling are thought to influence the composition of gut-associated bacteria in insects. In this study, we compared the faecal-associated bacterial taxa for three Coenagrion and one Enallagma damselfly species. We expected high overlap in representation of bacterial taxa due to the shared ecology and diet of these species. Using metabarcoding based on the 16S rRNA gene, we identified 1513 sequence variants, representing distinct bacterial 'taxa'. Intriguingly, the damselfly species showed somewhat different magnitudes of richness of ZOTUs, ranging from 480 to 914 ZOTUs. In total, 921 (or 60.8% of the 1513) distinct ZOTUs were non-shared, each found only in one species, and then most often in only a single individual. There was a surfeit of these non-shared incidental ZOTUs in the Enallagma species accounting for it showing the highest bacterial richness and accounting for a sample-wide pattern of more single-species ZOTUs than expected, based on comparisons to the null model. Future studies should address the extent to which faecal bacteria represent non-incidental gut bacteria and whether abundant and shared taxa are true gut symbionts. Pictures of odonates adopted from Norske Art databank under Creative Commons License (CC BY 4.0).
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Affiliation(s)
- A Morrill
- Department of Biology, Carleton University, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - M R Forbes
- Department of Biology, Carleton University, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - E J Vesterinen
- Department of Biology, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - M Tamminen
- Department of Biology, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | | | - K M Kaunisto
- Biodiversity Unit, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.
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10
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Du XX, Cao SK, Xiao HY, Yang CJ, Zeng AP, Chen G, Yu H. Feeding Spodoptera exigua larvae with gut-derived Escherichia sp. increases larval juvenile hormone levels inhibiting cannibalism. Commun Biol 2023; 6:1086. [PMID: 37884600 PMCID: PMC10603045 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-023-05466-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Feed quality influences insect cannibalistic behavior and gut microbial communities. In the present study, Spodoptera exigua larvae were fed six different artificial diets, and one of these diets (Diet 3) delayed larval cannibalistic behavior and reduced the cannibalism ratio after ingestion. Diet 3-fed larvae had the highest gut bacterial load (1.396 ± 0.556 × 1014 bacteria/mg gut), whereas Diet 2-fed larvae had the lowest gut bacterial load (3.076 ± 1.368 × 1012 bacteria/mg gut). The gut bacterial composition and diversity of different diet-fed S. exigua larvae varied according to the 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis. Enterobacteriaceae was specific to the Diet 3-fed larval gut. Fifteen culturable bacterial isolates were obtained from the midgut of Diet 3-fed larvae. Of these, ten belonged to Escherichia sp. After administration with Diet 1- or 2-fed S. exigua larvae, two bacterial isolates (SePC-12 and -37) delayed cannibalistic behavior in both tested larval groups. Diet 2-fed larvae had the lowest Juvenile hormone (JH) concentration and were more aggressive against intraspecific predation. However, SePC-12 loading increased the JH hormone levels in Diet 2-fed larvae and inhibited their cannibalism. Bacteria in the larval midgut are involved in the stabilization of JH levels, thereby regulating host larval cannibalistic behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing-Xing Du
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Biology and Control of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, Hunan, China
- College of Plant Protection, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, Hunan, China
| | - Sheng-Kai Cao
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Biology and Control of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, Hunan, China
- College of Plant Protection, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, Hunan, China
| | - Hua-Yan Xiao
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Biology and Control of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, Hunan, China
- College of Plant Protection, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, Hunan, China
| | - Chang-Jin Yang
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Biology and Control of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, Hunan, China
- College of Plant Protection, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, Hunan, China
| | - Ai-Ping Zeng
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Biology and Control of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, Hunan, China
- College of Plant Protection, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, Hunan, China
| | - Gong Chen
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Biology and Control of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, Hunan, China
- College of Plant Protection, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, Hunan, China
| | - Huan Yu
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Biology and Control of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, Hunan, China.
- College of Plant Protection, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, Hunan, China.
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Gogoi P, Boruah JLH, Yadav A, Debnath R, Saikia R. Comparative seasonal analysis of Eri silkworm (Samia ricini Donovan) gut composition: implications for lignocellulose degradation. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:109198-109213. [PMID: 37768488 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-29893-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Abstract
Conversion of biomass such as lignocelluloses to an alternative energy source can contribute to sustainable development. Recently, biomass-degrading enzymes are reported to be common resources in insect-microbe interacting systems. Northeast India harbors ample sericigenous insect resources which are exploited for their silk products. Samia ricini Donovan is an economically important poly-phytophagous silkmoth capable of digesting foliage from different plant species, suggesting the versatility of a robust gut system. Here, a gut bacterial profile was determined by 16S rRNA gene characterization across the holometabolous life cycle during the summer and winter seasons, revealing 3 phyla, 13 families, and 22 genera. Comparative analysis among the seasonal gut isolates revealed a high diversity in summer, predominated by the genus Bacillus due to its high occurrence in all developmental stages. Shannon's diversity index demonstrated the second and fourth instars of summer as well as the fifth instar of winter to be relatively better developmental stages for gut bacteria assembly. Bacterial community shifts in concert to host developmental changes were found to be apparent between early instars and late instars in summer, which differed from those of winter. Forty-three and twenty-nine gut bacterial isolates were found to be cellulolytic and xylanolytic enzyme producers, respectively. The present results illustrate the gut microbiota of S. ricini over the seasons and support the holometabolous life cycle effect as the most likely factor shaping the gut bacterial microbiota. These findings may provide leads for the development of new cleaner and environmentally friendly lignocellulose-degrading enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parishmita Gogoi
- Biological Sciences and Technology Division, CSIR-North East Institute of Science and Technology, Jorhat, 785006, Assam, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, Uttar Pradesh, Kamala Nehru Nagar, Sector 19, Ghaziabad, 201002, India
| | - Jyoti Lakshmi Hati Boruah
- Biological Sciences and Technology Division, CSIR-North East Institute of Science and Technology, Jorhat, 785006, Assam, India
| | - Archana Yadav
- Biological Sciences and Technology Division, CSIR-North East Institute of Science and Technology, Jorhat, 785006, Assam, India
| | - Rajal Debnath
- Seri-Biotech Research Laboratory, Central Silk Board, Bangalore, 560035, India
| | - Ratul Saikia
- Biological Sciences and Technology Division, CSIR-North East Institute of Science and Technology, Jorhat, 785006, Assam, India.
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, Uttar Pradesh, Kamala Nehru Nagar, Sector 19, Ghaziabad, 201002, India.
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