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de Beukelaar TT, Mantini D. Monitoring Resistance Training in Real Time with Wearable Technology: Current Applications and Future Directions. Bioengineering (Basel) 2023; 10:1085. [PMID: 37760187 PMCID: PMC10525173 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering10091085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2023] [Revised: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Resistance training is an exercise modality that involves using weights or resistance to strengthen and tone muscles. It has become popular in recent years, with numerous people including it in their fitness routines to ameliorate their strength, muscle mass, and overall health. Still, resistance training can be complex, requiring careful planning and execution to avoid injury and achieve satisfactory results. Wearable technology has emerged as a promising tool for resistance training, as it allows monitoring and adjusting training programs in real time. Several wearable devices are currently available, such as smart watches, fitness trackers, and other sensors that can yield detailed physiological and biomechanical information. In resistance training research, this information can be used to assess the effectiveness of training programs and identify areas for improvement. Wearable technology has the potential to revolutionize resistance training research, providing new insights and opportunities for developing optimized training programs. This review examines the types of wearables commonly used in resistance training research, their applications in monitoring and optimizing training programs, and the potential limitations and challenges associated with their use. Finally, it discusses future research directions, including the development of advanced wearable technologies and the integration of artificial intelligence in resistance training research.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Dante Mantini
- Movement Control and Neuroplasticity Research Group, Department of Movement Sciences, KU Leuven, 3001 Leuven, Belgium;
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2
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Redij R, Kaur A, Muddaloor P, Sethi AK, Aedma K, Rajagopal A, Gopalakrishnan K, Yadav A, Damani DN, Chedid VG, Wang XJ, Aakre CA, Ryu AJ, Arunachalam SP. Practicing Digital Gastroenterology through Phonoenterography Leveraging Artificial Intelligence: Future Perspectives Using Microwave Systems. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 23:2302. [PMID: 36850899 PMCID: PMC9967043 DOI: 10.3390/s23042302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2023] [Revised: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Production of bowel sounds, established in the 1900s, has limited application in existing patient-care regimes and diagnostic modalities. We review the physiology of bowel sound production, the developments in recording technologies and the clinical application in various scenarios, to understand the potential of a bowel sound recording and analysis device-the phonoenterogram in future gastroenterological practice. Bowel sound production depends on but is not entirely limited to the type of food consumed, amount of air ingested and the type of intestinal contractions. Recording technologies for extraction and analysis of these include the wavelet-based filtering, autoregressive moving average model, multivariate empirical mode decompression, radial basis function network, two-dimensional positional mapping, neural network model and acoustic biosensor technique. Prior studies evaluate the application of bowel sounds in conditions such as intestinal obstruction, acute appendicitis, large bowel disorders such as inflammatory bowel disease and bowel polyps, ascites, post-operative ileus, sepsis, irritable bowel syndrome, diabetes mellitus, neurodegenerative disorders such as Parkinson's disease and neonatal conditions such as hypertrophic pyloric stenosis. Recording and analysis of bowel sounds using artificial intelligence is crucial for creating an accessible, inexpensive and safe device with a broad range of clinical applications. Microwave-based digital phonoenterography has huge potential for impacting GI practice and patient care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renisha Redij
- GIH Artificial Intelligence Laboratory (GAIL), Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Avneet Kaur
- Microwave Engineering and Imaging Laboratory (MEIL), Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Pratyusha Muddaloor
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Arshia K. Sethi
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Keirthana Aedma
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | | | - Keerthy Gopalakrishnan
- GIH Artificial Intelligence Laboratory (GAIL), Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
- Microwave Engineering and Imaging Laboratory (MEIL), Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Ashima Yadav
- Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Devanshi N. Damani
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Science Center, El Paso, TX 79995, USA
| | - Victor G. Chedid
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Xiao Jing Wang
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | | | | | - Shivaram P. Arunachalam
- GIH Artificial Intelligence Laboratory (GAIL), Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
- Microwave Engineering and Imaging Laboratory (MEIL), Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
- Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
- Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
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3
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Pattipaka S, Bae YM, Jeong CK, Park KI, Hwang GT. Perovskite Piezoelectric-Based Flexible Energy Harvesters for Self-Powered Implantable and Wearable IoT Devices. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 22:s22239506. [PMID: 36502209 PMCID: PMC9735637 DOI: 10.3390/s22239506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Revised: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
In the ongoing fourth industrial revolution, the internet of things (IoT) will play a crucial role in collecting and analyzing information related to human healthcare, public safety, environmental monitoring and home/industrial automation. Even though conventional batteries are widely used to operate IoT devices as a power source, these batteries have a drawback of limited capacity, which impedes broad commercialization of the IoT. In this regard, piezoelectric energy harvesting technology has attracted a great deal of attention because piezoelectric materials can convert electricity from mechanical and vibrational movements in the ambient environment. In particular, piezoelectric-based flexible energy harvesters can precisely harvest tiny mechanical movements of muscles and internal organs from the human body to produce electricity. These inherent properties of flexible piezoelectric harvesters make it possible to eliminate conventional batteries for lifetime extension of implantable and wearable IoTs. This paper describes the progress of piezoelectric perovskite material-based flexible energy harvesters for self-powered IoT devices for biomedical/wearable electronics over the last decade.
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Affiliation(s)
- Srinivas Pattipaka
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Pukyong National University, 45, Yongso-ro, Nam-Gu, Busan 48513, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Min Bae
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Pukyong National University, 45, Yongso-ro, Nam-Gu, Busan 48513, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang Kyu Jeong
- Division of Advanced Materials Engineering, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwi-Il Park
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Geon-Tae Hwang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Pukyong National University, 45, Yongso-ro, Nam-Gu, Busan 48513, Republic of Korea
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4
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Mishra S, Mohanty S, Ramadoss A. Functionality of Flexible Pressure Sensors in Cardiovascular Health Monitoring: A Review. ACS Sens 2022; 7:2495-2520. [PMID: 36036627 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.2c00942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
As the highest percentage of global mortality is caused by several cardiovascular diseases (CVD), maintenance and monitoring of a healthy cardiovascular condition have become the primary concern of each and every individual. Simultaneously, recent progress and advances in wearable pressure sensor technology have provided many pathways to monitor and detect underlying cardiovascular illness in terms of irregularities in heart rate, blood pressure, and blood oxygen saturation. These pressure sensors can be comfortably attached onto human skin or can be implanted on the surface of vascular grafts for uninterrupted monitoring of arterial blood pressure. While the traditional monitoring systems are time-consuming, expensive, and not user-friendly, flexible sensor technology has emerged as a promising and dynamic practice to collect important health information at a comparatively low cost in a reliable and user-friendly way. This Review explores the importance and necessity of cardiovascular health monitoring while emphasizing the role of flexible pressure sensors in monitoring patients' health conditions to avoid adverse effects. A comprehensive discussion on the current research progress along with the real-time impact and accessibility of pressure sensors developed for cardiovascular health monitoring applications has been provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suvrajyoti Mishra
- School for Advanced Research in Petrochemicals: Laboratory for Advanced Research in Polymeric Materials (LARPM), Central Institute of Petrochemicals Engineering and Technology (CIPET), Bhubaneswar-751024, India
| | - Smita Mohanty
- School for Advanced Research in Petrochemicals: Laboratory for Advanced Research in Polymeric Materials (LARPM), Central Institute of Petrochemicals Engineering and Technology (CIPET), Bhubaneswar-751024, India
| | - Ananthakumar Ramadoss
- School for Advanced Research in Petrochemicals: Laboratory for Advanced Research in Polymeric Materials (LARPM), Central Institute of Petrochemicals Engineering and Technology (CIPET), Bhubaneswar-751024, India
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Song Y, Jiang J, Wang X, Yang D, Bai C. Prospect and application of Internet of Things technology for prevention of SARIs. CLINICAL EHEALTH 2020. [PMCID: PMC7148604 DOI: 10.1016/j.ceh.2020.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
The Internet of Things (IoT) includes three core procedures: full spectrum perception, reliable transmission, and intelligent processing. It can be applied for the prevention and control of SARI (severe acute respiratory infection). By combining sensors, information technology, artificial intelligence, and available dynamic networking devices, IoT could realize long-distance communication between hospitals, patients, and medical devices, which could ultimately improve current medical conditions.
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Haux R, Koch S, Lovell N, Marschollek M, Nakashima N, Wolf KH. Health-Enabling and Ambient Assistive Technologies: Past, Present, Future. Yearb Med Inform 2016; Suppl 1:S76-91. [PMID: 27362588 PMCID: PMC5171510 DOI: 10.15265/iys-2016-s008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND During the last decades, health-enabling and ambient assistive technologies became of considerable relevance for new informatics-based forms of diagnosis, prevention, and therapy. OBJECTIVES To describe the state of the art of health-enabling and ambient assistive technologies in 1992 and today, and its evolution over the last 25 years as well as to project where the field is expected to be in the next 25 years. In the context of this review, we define health-enabling and ambient assistive technologies as ambiently used sensor-based information and communication technologies, aiming at contributing to a person's health and health care as well as to her or his quality of life. METHODS Systematic review of all original articles with research focus in all volumes of the IMIA Yearbook of Medical Informatics. Surveying authors independently on key projects and visions as well as on their lessons learned in the context of health-enabling and ambient assistive technologies and summarizing their answers. Surveying authors independently on their expectations for the future and summarizing their answers. RESULTS IMIA Yearbook papers containing statements on health-enabling and ambient assistive technologies appear first in 2002. These papers form a minor part of published research articles in medical informatics. However, during recent years the number of articles published has increased significantly. Key projects were identified. There was a clear progress on the use of technologies. However proof of diagnostic relevance and therapeutic efficacy remains still limited. Reforming health care processes and focussing more on patient needs are required. CONCLUSIONS Health-enabling and ambient assistive technologies remain an important field for future health care and for interdisciplinary research. More and more publications assume that a person's home and their interaction therein, are becoming important components in health care provision, assessment, and management.
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Affiliation(s)
- R. Haux
- Peter L. Reichertz Institute for Medical Informatics, University of Braunschweig - Institute of Technology and Hannover Medical School, Germany
| | - S. Koch
- Health Informatics Centre, LIME, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - N.H. Lovell
- Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, UNSW, Sydney, Australia
| | - M. Marschollek
- Peter L. Reichertz Institute for Medical Informatics, University of Braunschweig - Institute of Technology and Hannover Medical School, Germany
| | - N. Nakashima
- Medical Information Center, Kyushu University Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - K.-H. Wolf
- Peter L. Reichertz Institute for Medical Informatics, University of Braunschweig - Institute of Technology and Hannover Medical School, Germany
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7
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Xu B, Akhtar A, Liu Y, Chen H, Yeo WH, Park S, Boyce B, Kim H, Yu J, Lai HY, Jung S, Zhou Y, Kim J, Cho S, Huang Y, Bretl T, Rogers JA. An Epidermal Stimulation and Sensing Platform for Sensorimotor Prosthetic Control, Management of Lower Back Exertion, and Electrical Muscle Activation. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2016; 28:4462-71. [PMID: 26469201 PMCID: PMC4833675 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201504155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2015] [Revised: 09/10/2015] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
The design of an ultrathin, conformal electronic device that integrates electrotactile stimulation with electromyography, temperature, and strain sensing in a single, simple platform is reported. Experiments demonstrate simultaneous use of multiple modes of operation of this type of device in the sensorimotor control of robotic systems, in the monitoring of lower back exertion and in muscle stimulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baoxing Xu
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22904, USA; Department of Materials Science and Engineering Beckman Institute, and Frederick Seitz Materials Research Laboratory, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Aadeel Akhtar
- Neuroscience Program, Medical Scholars Program, Beckman Institute, and Coordinated Science Laboratory, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Yuhao Liu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering Beckman Institute, and Frederick Seitz Materials Research Laboratory, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Hang Chen
- Department of Engineering Mechanics and Center for Mechanics and Materials, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; Department of Mechanical Engineering and Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Center for Engineering and Health and Skin Disease Research Center, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
| | - Woon-Hong Yeo
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering Beckman Institute, and Frederick Seitz Materials Research Laboratory, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA; Department of Mechanical and Nuclear Engineering, Center for Rehabilitation Science and Engineering, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23284, USA
| | - Sung Park
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering Beckman Institute, and Frederick Seitz Materials Research Laboratory, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Brandon Boyce
- Department of Aerospace Engineering, Beckman Institute, and Coordinated Science Laboratory, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Hyunjin Kim
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering Beckman Institute, and Frederick Seitz Materials Research Laboratory, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Jiwoo Yu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering Beckman Institute, and Frederick Seitz Materials Research Laboratory, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Hsin-Yen Lai
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering Beckman Institute, and Frederick Seitz Materials Research Laboratory, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Sungyoung Jung
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering Beckman Institute, and Frederick Seitz Materials Research Laboratory, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Yuhao Zhou
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering Beckman Institute, and Frederick Seitz Materials Research Laboratory, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Jeonghyun Kim
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering Beckman Institute, and Frederick Seitz Materials Research Laboratory, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Seongkyu Cho
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering Beckman Institute, and Frederick Seitz Materials Research Laboratory, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Yonggang Huang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Center for Engineering and Health and Skin Disease Research Center, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
| | - Timothy Bretl
- Department of Aerospace Engineering, Beckman Institute, and Coordinated Science Laboratory, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - John A. Rogers
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering Beckman Institute, and Frederick Seitz Materials Research Laboratory, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
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Abstract
The loss of urinary bladder control/sensation, also known as urinary incontinence (UI), is a common clinical problem in autistic children, diabetics, and the elderly. UI not only causes discomfort for patients but may also lead to kidney failure, infections, and even death. The increase of bladder urine volume/pressure above normal ranges without sensation of UI patients necessitates the need for bladder sensors. Currently, a catheter-based sensor is introduced directly through the urethra into the bladder to measure pressure variations. Unfortunately, this method is inaccurate because measurement is affected by disturbances in catheter lines as well as delays in response time owing to the inertia of urine inside the bladder. Moreover, this technique can cause infection during prolonged use; hence, it is only suitable for short-term measurement. Development of discrete wireless implantable sensors to measure bladder volume/pressure would allow for long-term monitoring within the bladder, while maintaining the patient’s quality of life. With the recent advances in microfabrication, the size of implantable bladder sensors has been significantly reduced. However, microfabricated sensors face hostility from the bladder environment and require surgical intervention for implantation inside the bladder. Here, we explore the various types of implantable bladder sensors and current efforts to solve issues like hermeticity, biocompatibility, drift, telemetry, power, and compatibility issues with popular imaging tools such as computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging. We also discuss some possible improvements/emerging trends in the design of an implantable bladder sensor.
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Abstract
There is compelling evidence that endothelial cells of the brain and periphery are dysfunctional in Alzheimer's disease. There is evidence for a fundamental defect in, or abnormal aging of, endothelial progenitor cells in atherosclerosis. The possibility that endothelial cell defects are a primary cause for Alzheimer's disease or other dementias can be researched by molecular and cell biology studies as well as cell trafficking studies using recently demonstrated molecular imaging methods. The evidence for abnormal endothelial function and the methods to explore this hypothesis are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas F Budinger
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Department of Bioengineering, UC Berkeley, USA
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10
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Maltz J, C Ng T, Li D, Wang J, Wang K, Bergeron W, Martin R, Budinger T. The Trauma Patient Tracking System: implementing a wireless monitoring infrastructure for emergency response. CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS : ... ANNUAL INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF THE IEEE ENGINEERING IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY SOCIETY. IEEE ENGINEERING IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY SOCIETY. ANNUAL CONFERENCE 2012; 2005:2441-6. [PMID: 17282731 DOI: 10.1109/iembs.2005.1616962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
In mass trauma situations, emergency personnel are challenged with the task of prioritizing the care of many injured victims. We propose a trauma patient tracking system (TPTS) where first-responders tag all patients with a wireless monitoring device that continuously reports the location of each patient. The system can be used not only to prioritize patient care, but also to determine the time taken for each patient to receive treatment. This is important in training emergency personnel and in identifying bottlenecks in the disaster response process. In situations where biochemical agents are involved, a TPTS may be employed to determine sites of cross-contamination. In order to track patient location in both outdoor and indoor environments, we employ both Global Positioning System (GPS) and Television/ Radio Frequency (TVRF) technologies. Each patient tag employs IEEE 802.11 (Wi-Fi)/TCP/IP networking to communicate with a central server via any available Wi-Fi basestation. A key component to increase TPTS fault-tolerance is a mobile Wi-Fi basestation that employs redundant Internet connectivity to ensure that tags at the disaster scene can send information to the central server even when local infrastructure is unavailable for use. We demonstrate the robustness of the system in tracking multiple patients in a simulated trauma situation in an urban environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan Maltz
- Department of Functional Imaging, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720.
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11
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Sanni A, Vilches A, Toumazou C. Inductive and ultrasonic multi-tier interface for low-power, deeply implantable medical devices. IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON BIOMEDICAL CIRCUITS AND SYSTEMS 2012; 6:297-308. [PMID: 23853174 DOI: 10.1109/tbcas.2011.2175390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
We report the development of a novel multi-tier interface which enables the wireless, noninvasive transfer of sufficient amounts of power as well as the collection and transmission of data from low-power, deeply implantable analog sensors. The interface consists of an inductive coupling subsystem and an ultrasonic subsystem. The designed and experimentally verified inductive subsystem ensures that 5 W of power is transferred across 10 mm of air gap between a single pair of PCB spiral coils with an efficiency of 83% using our prototype CMOS logic gate-based driver circuit. The implemented ultrasonic subsystem, based on ultrasonic PZT ceramic discs driven in their low-frequency, radial/planar-excitation mode, further ensures that 29 μW of power is delivered 70 mm deeper inside a homogenous liquid environment-with no acoustic matching layer employed-with an efficiency of 1%. Overall system power consumption is 2.3 W. The implant is intermittently powered every 800 msec; charging a capacitor which provides sufficient power for a duration of ~ 18 msec; sufficient for an implant μC operating at a frequency of 500 KHz to transmit a nibble (4 bits) of digitized sensed data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayodele Sanni
- Electrical and Electronic Engineering Department, Centre for Bio-inspired Technology, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, London SW7 2AZ, UK.
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12
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Abstract
Healthcare information, and to some extent patient management, is progressing toward a wireless digital future. This change is driven partly by a desire to improve the current state of medicine using new technologies, partly by supply-and-demand economics, and partly by the utility of wireless devices. Wired technology can be cumbersome for patient monitoring and can restrict the behavior of the monitored patients, introducing bias or artifacts. However, wireless technologies, while mitigating some of these issues, have introduced new problems such as data dropout and "information overload" for the clinical team. This review provides an overview of current wireless technology used for patient monitoring and disease management. We identify some of the major related issues and describe some existing and possible solutions. In particular, we discuss the rapidly evolving fields of telemedicine and mHealth in the context of increasingly resource-constrained healthcare systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gari D Clifford
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Department of Engineering Science, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7DQ, United Kingdom.
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13
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Carranza N, Febles V, Hernández JA, Bardasano JL, Monteagudo JL, Fernández de Aldecoa JC, Ramos V. Patient safety and electromagnetic protection: a review. HEALTH PHYSICS 2011; 100:530-541. [PMID: 21451324 DOI: 10.1097/hp.0b013e3181f0cad5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
A systematic literature review was carried out to study patient security and possible harmful effects, immunity and interferences on medical devices, and effectiveness and transmission problems in healthcare and hospital environments due to electromagnetic interferences. The objective was to determine already-reported cases of patient security, immunity of medical devices, and transmission/reception failure in order to evaluate safety and security of patients. Literature published in the last 10 years has been reviewed by searching in bibliographic databases, journals, and proceedings of conferences. Search strategies developed in electronic databases identified a total of 820 references, with 50 finally being included. The study reveals the existence of numerous publications on interferences in medical devices due to radiofrequency fields. However, literature on effectiveness, transmission problems and measurements of electromagnetic fields is limited. From the studies collected, it can be concluded that several cases of serious interferences in medical instruments have been reported. Measures of electromagnetic fields in healthcare environments have been also reported, concluding that special protective measures should be taken against electromagnetic interferences by incoming radio waves.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noemí Carranza
- Telemedicine and eHealth research Unit, Health Institute Carlos III, C/Sinesio Delgado 6, 28029 Madrid, Spain
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Rasouli M, Phee LSJ. Energy sources and their development for application in medical devices. Expert Rev Med Devices 2011; 7:693-709. [PMID: 20822391 DOI: 10.1586/erd.10.20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Electronic medical devices have become an indispensable part of modern healthcare. Currently, a wide variety of electronic medical devices are being used to monitor physiological parameters of the body, perform therapy and supplement or even entirely replace complex biological functions. Cardiac pacemakers, cardioverter-defibrillators and cochlear implants are a few examples of such medical devices. Proper functionality of these devices relies heavily on the continuous supply of a sufficient amount of electricity to them. In this sense, a reliable, safe and convenient method for the provision of energy is very crucial. Various approaches have been developed to fulfil the divergent and challenging energy requirements of medical devices. In this article, we present a brief overview of the energy requirements of medical devices and review the existing and emerging energy sources for application in these devices, particularly wearable and implantable devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahdi Rasouli
- Robotics Research Centre, School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore
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15
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Carranza N, Ramos V, Lizana FG, García J, del Pozo A, Monteagudo JL. A Literature Review of Transmission Effectiveness and Electromagnetic Compatibility in Home Telemedicine Environments to Evaluate Safety and Security. Telemed J E Health 2010; 16:818-26. [DOI: 10.1089/tmj.2010.0036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Noemí Carranza
- Telemedicine and eHealth Research Unit, Carlos III Health Institute, Madrid, Spain
| | - Victoria Ramos
- Telemedicine and eHealth Research Unit, Carlos III Health Institute, Madrid, Spain
| | - Francisca G. Lizana
- Agencia de Evaluación de Tenologías Sanitarias, Carlos III Health Institute, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jorge García
- Telemedicine and eHealth Research Unit, Carlos III Health Institute, Madrid, Spain
| | - Alejando del Pozo
- Telemedicine and eHealth Research Unit, Carlos III Health Institute, Madrid, Spain
| | - José Luis Monteagudo
- Telemedicine and eHealth Research Unit, Carlos III Health Institute, Madrid, Spain
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16
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Evaluation of the Cadi ThermoSENSOR wireless skin-contact thermometer against ear and axillary temperatures in children. J Pediatr Nurs 2010; 25:176-86. [PMID: 20430278 PMCID: PMC7127543 DOI: 10.1016/j.pedn.2008.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2008] [Revised: 11/09/2008] [Accepted: 12/12/2008] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The Cadi ThermoSENSOR skin-contact thermometer measures body temperature continuously and transmits readings wirelessly to a central server. This study evaluated the ThermoSENSOR against ear temperatures (ETs) measured by a Braun ThermoScan ear thermometer and axillary temperatures (ATs) measured by a Terumo digital clinical thermometer. The test participants consisted of 109 children aged 6 months to 16 years from a pediatric ward. The sensor was attached to the lower abdomen at least 15 minutes before the first measurement. ET, AT, and ThermoSENSOR temperatures (TTs) were recorded up to three times at the usual measurement times. The TTs differed from ETs by -0.23 degrees C +/- 0.47 degrees C (mean +/- standard deviation, n = 271) and from ATs by +0.21 degrees C +/- 0.46 degrees C (n = 270). The ETs differed from ATs by +0.43 degrees C +/- 0.42 degrees C (n = 315). These results suggest that the TTs were comparable to the ETs and ATs.
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Jiang G. Design challenges of implantable pressure monitoring system. Front Neurosci 2010; 4:29. [PMID: 20582269 PMCID: PMC2891810 DOI: 10.3389/neuro.20.002.2010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2010] [Accepted: 02/08/2010] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Pressure in various organs and body parts, such as blood vessels, heart, brain, eyes, bladder and GI tracts, is an important indication of health. Long term, continuous pressure monitoring is critically needed for a number of applications. When combined with existing neuro-prosthetics devices, they may provide better solutions to many neural disorders. First efforts toward a long-term implantable pressure monitoring system were initiated more than 40 years ago. However, a reliable, safe and implantable pressure sensor for long-term applications is not yet commercially available. This paper attempts to reveal the design challenges associated with the development of a long-term implantable pressure sensor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangqiang Jiang
- Alfred E. Mann Foundation for Scientific Research Santa Clarita, CA, USA.
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18
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Chen G, Rodriguez-Villegas E. System-level design trade-offs for truly wearable wireless medical devices. ANNUAL INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF THE IEEE ENGINEERING IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY SOCIETY. IEEE ENGINEERING IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY SOCIETY. ANNUAL INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE 2010; 2010:1441-1444. [PMID: 21096352 DOI: 10.1109/iembs.2010.5626703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Power and current management in emerging wearable medical devices, intended to continuously monitor physiological signals, are crucial design issues. The overall size of the electronic part of these systems is generally going to be dominated by the size of the batteries. Unfortunately, the options of smaller batteries do not only come at the expense of a lower capacity and hence shorter operation time. It also significantly constrains the amount of available current that can be used by different electronic blocks, as well as their operating power supply voltage. This paper discusses all the typical power and current management system level issues in the design of a typical miniature wearable wireless medical device. The discussion is illustrated with experimental results obtained with two devices built using two of the currently most popular low power commercial transceivers in the market, the Texas Instruments (TI) CC2500 and the Nordic Semiconductor nRF24L01+. The numbers presented can be used as a more realistic guidance of the energy per bit required in a real system implementation, as opposed to the ideal figures normally quoted by the manufacturers. Furthermore the analysis in this paper can also be extrapolated to the design of future wireless monitoring wearable devices with further optimized radio transceivers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangwei Chen
- Electrical and Electronic Engineering Department, Imperial College London, SW7 2AZ, UK.
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19
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Kolahi J, Fazilati M. Bluetooth technology for prevention of dental caries. Med Hypotheses 2009; 73:1067-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mehy.2009.04.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2009] [Revised: 04/17/2009] [Accepted: 04/22/2009] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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20
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Alley MS, Naramore WJ, Chou NY, Winchester LW. Wireless application in intravenous infiltration detection system. ANNUAL INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF THE IEEE ENGINEERING IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY SOCIETY. IEEE ENGINEERING IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY SOCIETY. ANNUAL INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE 2009; 2008:977-80. [PMID: 19162821 DOI: 10.1109/iembs.2008.4649318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The IrDA wireless protocol has been applied to a fiber optics based point-of-care system for the detection of intravenous infiltration. The system is used for monitoring patients under infusion therapy. It is optimized for portability by incorporating a battery source and wireless communication. The IrDA protocol provides secure data communication between the electronic module of the system and the PDAs carried by the nurses. The PDA is used for initiating the actions of the electronic module and for data transfer. Security is provided by specially designed software and hardware.
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21
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Lee KH. Application of u-Health to Emergency Medical Service System. JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION 2009. [DOI: 10.5124/jkma.2009.52.12.1148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Kang Hyun Lee
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Korea.
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22
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Abstract
We consider the practical aspects of justifying, planning, implementing, and budgeting for an electronic medical record. Examples include the decision about integrating versus replacing old systems, the timing of implementation for each clinical area, preparation for installing computerized order entry, a discussion about how to implement physician progress notes, and a discussion about how electronic nursing systems interact with the EMR. Integration of other systems such as PACS and EKGs are discussed. Wireless integration and telemedicine also are addressed, as well as backup, redundant systems and budgeting. The reader will gain a full understanding of the scope of the problems involved in implementing an EMR, and will have a step-by-step description of how to approach the task.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lloyd N Friedman
- Pulmonary and Critical Care Section, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.
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23
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Wu WH, Bui AAT, Batalin MA, Au LK, Binney JD, Kaiser WJ. MEDIC: medical embedded device for individualized care. Artif Intell Med 2008; 42:137-52. [PMID: 18207716 DOI: 10.1016/j.artmed.2007.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2006] [Revised: 11/27/2007] [Accepted: 11/28/2007] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Presented work highlights the development and initial validation of a medical embedded device for individualized care (MEDIC), which is based on a novel software architecture, enabling sensor management and disease prediction capabilities, and commercially available microelectronic components, sensors and conventional personal digital assistant (PDA) (or a cell phone). METHODS AND MATERIALS In this paper, we present a general architecture for a wearable sensor system that can be customized to an individual patient's needs. This architecture is based on embedded artificial intelligence that permits autonomous operation, sensor management and inference, and may be applied to a general purpose wearable medical diagnostics. RESULTS A prototype of the system has been developed based on a standard PDA and wireless sensor nodes equipped with commercially available Bluetooth radio components, permitting real-time streaming of high-bandwidth data from various physiological and contextual sensors. We also present the results of abnormal gait diagnosis using the complete system from our evaluation, and illustrate how the wearable system and its operation can be remotely configured and managed by either enterprise systems or medical personnel at centralized locations. CONCLUSION By using commercially available hardware components and software architecture presented in this paper, the MEDIC system can be rapidly configured, providing medical researchers with broadband sensor data from remote patients and platform access to best adapt operation for diagnostic operation objectives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Winston H Wu
- University of California, Los Angeles, 420 Westwood Plaza, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.
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Kumar S, Kambhatla K, Hu F, Lifson M, Xiao Y. Ubiquitous computing for remote cardiac patient monitoring: a survey. Int J Telemed Appl 2008; 2008:459185. [PMID: 18604301 PMCID: PMC2442250 DOI: 10.1155/2008/459185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2008] [Accepted: 04/22/2008] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
New wireless technologies, such as wireless LAN and sensor networks, for telecardiology purposes give new possibilities for monitoring vital parameters with wearable biomedical sensors, and give patients the freedom to be mobile and still be under continuous monitoring and thereby better quality of patient care. This paper will detail the architecture and quality-of-service (QoS) characteristics in integrated wireless telecardiology platforms. It will also discuss the current promising hardware/software platforms for wireless cardiac monitoring. The design methodology and challenges are provided for realistic implementation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunil Kumar
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA 92182, USA
| | - Kashyap Kambhatla
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA 92182, USA
- Computational Science Research Center, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA 92182, USA
| | - Fei Hu
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487, USA
| | - Mark Lifson
- Department of Computer Engineering, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, NY 14623, USA
| | - Yang Xiao
- Department of Computer Science, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487, USA
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25
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Wu WH, Bui AAT, Batalin MA, Liu D, Kaiser WJ. Incremental Diagnosis Method for Intelligent Wearable Sensor Systems. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007; 11:553-62. [PMID: 17912972 DOI: 10.1109/titb.2007.897579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
This paper presents an incremental diagnosis method (IDM) to detect a medical condition with the minimum wearable sensor usage by dynamically adjusting the sensor set based on the patient's state in his/her natural environment. The IDM, comprised of a naive Bayes classifier generated by supervised training with Gaussian clustering, is developed to classify patient motion in-context (due to a medical condition) and in real-time using a wearable sensor system. The IDM also incorporates a utility function, which is a simple form of expert knowledge and user preferences in sensor selection. Upon initial in-context detection, the utility function decides which sensor is to be activated next. High-resolution in-context detection with minimum sensor usage is possible because the necessary sensor can be activated or requested at the appropriate time. As a case study, the IDM is demonstrated in detecting different severity levels of a limp with minimum usage of high diagnostic resolution sensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Winston H Wu
- Department of Electrical Engineering, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.
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26
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Cooke SJ, Hinch SG, Wikelski M, Andrews RD, Kuchel LJ, Wolcott TG, Butler PJ. Biotelemetry: a mechanistic approach to ecology. Trends Ecol Evol 2007; 19:334-43. [PMID: 16701280 DOI: 10.1016/j.tree.2004.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 363] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Remote measurement of the physiology, behaviour and energetic status of free-living animals is made possible by a variety of techniques that we refer to collectively as 'biotelemetry'. This set of tools ranges from transmitters that send their signals to receivers up to a few kilometers away to those that send data to orbiting satellites and, more frequently, to devices that log data. They enable researchers to document, for long uninterrupted periods, how undisturbed organisms interact with each other and their environment in real time. In spite of advances enabling the monitoring of many physiological and behavioural variables across a range of taxa of various sizes, these devices have yet to be embraced widely by the ecological community. Our review suggests that this technology has immense potential for research in basic and applied animal ecology. Efforts to incorporate biotelemetry into broader ecological research programs should yield novel information that has been challenging to collect historically from free-ranging animals in their natural environments. Examples of research that would benefit from biotelemetry include the assessment of animal responses to different anthropogenic perturbations and the development of life-time energy budgets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven J Cooke
- Centre for Applied Conservation Research, Department of Forest Sciences, University of British Columbia, 2424 Main Mall, Vancouver, BC, Canada, V6T 1Z4.
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27
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Tam W, Allen R, Hoe YSG, Khoo IJ, Huang S, Outland K, Gurewitsch E. A wireless device for measuring hand-applied forces. CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS : ... ANNUAL INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF THE IEEE ENGINEERING IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY SOCIETY. IEEE ENGINEERING IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY SOCIETY. ANNUAL CONFERENCE 2007; 2004:2121-4. [PMID: 17272142 DOI: 10.1109/iembs.2004.1403622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
We report on a wireless, electromyography (EMG)-based, force-measuring system developed to quantify hand-applied loads without interfering with grasping function. A portable surface EMG device detects and converts to voltage output biopotentials generated by muscle contractions in the forearm and upper arm during hand-gripping and traction activities. After amplifying and bandpass filtering, our radio frequency (RF)-based design operating at approximately 916 MHz wirelessly transmits those voltages to a data acquisition (DAQ) system up to 20 meters away. A separate calibration system is used to relate an individual user's EMG signal to known pull and clenching forces during specific applications. Real-time EMG data is processed and displayed in software developed with LabView (National Instruments, Austin, TX). Data is then converted to force data using individual calibration curves. With EMG electrodes placed over any major forearm muscle, calibration curves for seven subjects demonstrated linearity (R(2) > 0.9) and repeatability (<10% of average slope) to 110 newtons (N). Preliminary results in clinical application on newborn delivery suggest that this approach may be effective in providing an unobtrusive and accurate method of measuring hand-applied forces in applications such as rehabilitation and training.
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Affiliation(s)
- William Tam
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
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29
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Development of polymer-based sensors for integration into a wireless data acquisition system suitable for monitoring environmental and physiological processes. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006; 23:253-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bioeng.2006.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2006] [Revised: 07/21/2006] [Accepted: 07/24/2006] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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30
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Abstract
In the development of policies for wireless technologies, it is important for healthcare organizations to reduce risks to patients from use of wireless devices. Policy should be devised for instructing hospital staff, visitors, and patients, avoiding unwarranted restrictions but not ignoring evidence regarding potential interference problems, and allowing comparison with other clinical facilities of benefits of policy. To inform policy developers and a general audience of hospital personnel, a review was conducted on the safety of wireless devices for communication within hospitals. This review targeted electromagnetic interference effects of devices on medical devices and summarises key recommendations from published reports and international standards. There is consensus that the highest risk of interference occurs with two-way radios used by emergency crews, followed by mobile phones, while radio local area networks produce negligible interference. Wireless technologies are deemed suitable for use throughout hospital areas including intensive care units and operating rooms, given that recommended separation distances from medical equipment are observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justin Boyle
- CSIRO E-Health Research Centre, a joint venture between Australia's Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation and the Queensland Government, Brisbane, Australia.
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31
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Katsis CD, Ganiatsas G, Fotiadis DI. An integrated telemedicine platform for the assessment of affective physiological states. Diagn Pathol 2006; 1:16. [PMID: 16879757 PMCID: PMC1564150 DOI: 10.1186/1746-1596-1-16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2006] [Accepted: 08/01/2006] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
AUBADE is an integrated platform built for the affective assessment of individuals. The system performs evaluation of the emotional state by classifying vectors of features extracted from: facial Electromyogram, Respiration, Electrodermal Activity and Electrocardiogram. The AUBADE system consists of: (a) a multisensorial wearable, (b) a data acquisition and wireless communication module, (c) a feature extraction module, (d) a 3D facial animation module which is used for the projection of the obtained data through a generic 3D face model; whereas the end-user will be able to view the facial expression of the subject in real time, (e) an intelligent emotion recognition module, and (f) the AUBADE databases where the acquired signals along with the subject's animation videos are saved. The system is designed to be applied to human subjects operating under extreme stress conditions, in particular car racing drivers, and also to patients suffering from neurological and psychological disorders. AUBADE's classification accuracy into five predefined emotional classes (high stress, low stress, disappointment, euphoria and neutral face) is 86.0%. The pilot system applications and components are being tested and evaluated on Maserati's car. racing drivers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christos D Katsis
- Dept. of Medical Physics, Medical School, University of Ioannina, GR 45 110 Ioannina, Greece
- Unit of Medical Technology and Intelligent Information Systems, Dept. of Computer Science, University of Ioannina, GR 45 110 Ioannina, Greece
| | - George Ganiatsas
- Unit of Medical Technology and Intelligent Information Systems, Dept. of Computer Science, University of Ioannina, GR 45 110 Ioannina, Greece
| | - Dimitrios I Fotiadis
- Unit of Medical Technology and Intelligent Information Systems, Dept. of Computer Science, University of Ioannina, GR 45 110 Ioannina, Greece
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Linder SP, Wendelken SM, Wei E, McGrath SP. Using the morphology of photoplethysmogram peaks to detect changes in posture. J Clin Monit Comput 2006; 20:151-8. [PMID: 16688391 DOI: 10.1007/s10877-006-9015-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2005] [Accepted: 02/21/2006] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
The morphology of the pulsatile component of the photoplethysmogram (PPG) has been shown to vary with physiology, but changes in the morphology caused by the baroreflex response to orthostatic stress have not been investigated. Using two FDA approved Nonin pulse oximeters placed on the finger and ear, we monitored 11 subjects, for three trials each, as they stood from a supine position. Each cardiac cycle was automatically extracted from the PPG waveform and characterized using statistics corresponding to normalized peak width, instantaneous heart rate, and amplitude of the pulsatile component of the ear PPG. A nonparametric Wilcoxon rank sum test was then used to detect in real-time changes in these features with p < 0.01. In all 33 trials, the standing event was detected as an abrupt change in at least two of these features, with only one false alarm. In 26 trials, an abrupt change was detected in all three features, with no false alarms. An increase in the normalize peak width was detected before an increase in heart rate, and in 21 trials a peak in the feature was detected before or as standing commenced. During standing, the pulse rate always increases, and then amplitude of the ear PPG constricts by a factor of two or more. We hypothesis that the baroreflex first reduces the percentage of time blood flow is stagnant during the cardiac cycle, then increases the hear rate, and finally vasoconstricts the peripheral tissue in order to reestablishing a nominal blood pressure. These three features therefore can be used as a detector of the baroreflex response to changes in posture or other forms of blood volume sequestration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen P Linder
- Department of Computer Science, Thayer School of Engineering, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH 03755, USA.
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33
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Johannessen EA, Wang L, Reid SWJ, Cumming DRS, Cooper JM. Implementation of radiotelemetry in a lab-in-a-pill format. LAB ON A CHIP 2006; 6:39-45. [PMID: 16372067 DOI: 10.1039/b507312j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
A miniaturised lab-in-a-pill device has been produced incorporating a temperature and pH sensor with wireless communication using the 433.92 MHz ISM band. The device has been designed in order to enable real time in situ measurements in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, and accordingly, issues concerning the resolution and accuracy of the data, and the lifetime of the device have been considered. The sensors, which will measure two key parameters reflecting the physiological environment in the GI (as indicators for disease) were both controlled by an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC). The data were sampled at 10-bit resolution prior to communication off chip as a single interleaved data stream. This incorporated a power saving serial bitstream data compression algorithm that was found to extend the service lifetime of the pill by 70%. An integrated on-off keying (OOK) radio transmitter was used to send the signal to a local receiver (base station), prior to acquisition on a computer. A permanent magnet was also incorporated in the device to enable non-visual tracking of the system. We report on the implementation of this device, together with an initial study sampling from within the porcine GI tract, showing that measurements from the lab-on-a-pill, in situ, was within 90% of literature values.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erik A Johannessen
- Dept. Electronic and Electrical Engineering, University of Glasgow, Rankine Building, 79-85 Oakfield Avenue, Glasgow G12 8LT, UK
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Koch S. Home telehealth--current state and future trends. Int J Med Inform 2005; 75:565-76. [PMID: 16298545 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijmedinf.2005.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 253] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2005] [Revised: 09/05/2005] [Accepted: 09/06/2005] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The purpose of this paper is to give an overview about the state of the art in research on home telehealth in an international perspective. METHOD The study is based on a review of the scientific literature published between 1990 and 2003 and retrieved via Medline in January/February 2004. All together, the abstracts of 578 publications have been analyzed. RESULTS The majority of publications (44%) comes from the United States, followed by UK and Japan. Most publications deal with vital sign parameter (VSP) measurement and audio/video consultations ("virtual visits"). Publications about IT tools for improved information access and communication as well as decision support for staff, patients and relatives are relatively sparse. Clinical application domains are mainly chronic diseases, the elderly population and paediatrics. CONCLUSIONS Internationally, we observe a trend towards tools and services not only for professionals but also for patients and citizens. However, their impact on the patient-provider relationship and their design for special user groups, such as elderly and/or disabled needs to be further explored. In general, evaluation studies are rare and further research is critical to determine the impacts and benefits, and limitations, of potential solutions and to overcome a number of hinders and restrictions, such as - the lack of standards to combine incompatible information systems; - the lack of an evaluation framework considering legal, ethical, organisational, clinical, usability and technical aspects; - the lack of proper guidelines for practical implementation of home telehealth solutions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabine Koch
- Centre for eHealth, Uppsala University, Uppsala University Hospital 82/1, S-751 85 Uppsala, Sweden.
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35
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Seo J, Choi J, Choi B, Jeong DU, Park K. The Development of a Nonintrusive Home-Based Physiologic Signal Measurement System. Telemed J E Health 2005; 11:487-95. [PMID: 16149896 DOI: 10.1089/tmj.2005.11.487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
This paper describes the development of a nonintrusive health-monitoring house system that has been developed for monitoring patients' health status. The system functions unobtrusively and leaves patients free to conduct daily activities. Installed sensors and devices in the house monitor biosignals such as bedside electrocardiogram (ECG), snoring, weight, and movement pattern. The network in the house was constructed using asymmetric digital subscriber line (ADSL) and Bluetooth technologies and it is capable of transmitting monitored signals to the remote hospital server through the home server. The system is found to be effective in monitoring patients' daily activity and health status in a nonconstraining manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinwoo Seo
- Interdisciplinary Program in Medical and Biological Engineering, Graduate School, Seoul National University, Republic of Korea.
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Arshak A, Arshak K, Waldron D, Morris D, Korostynska O, Jafer E, Lyons G. Review of the potential of a wireless MEMS and TFT microsystems for the measurement of pressure in the GI tract. Med Eng Phys 2005; 27:347-56. [PMID: 15863344 DOI: 10.1016/j.medengphy.2004.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2004] [Revised: 10/12/2004] [Accepted: 11/03/2004] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Telemetry capsules have existed since the 1950s and were used to measure temperature, pH or pressure inside the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. It was hoped that these capsules would replace invasive techniques in the diagnosis of function disorders in the GI tract. However, problems such as signal loss and uncertainty of the pills position limited their use in a clinical setting. In this paper, a review of the capabilities of MicroElectroMechanical Systems (MEMS) and thick film technology (TFT) for the fabrication of a wireless pressure sensing microsystem is presented. The circuit requirements and methods of data transfer are examined. The available fabrication methods for MEMS sensors are also discussed and examples of wireless sensors are given. Finally the limitations of each technology are examined.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Arshak
- Department of Physics, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland.
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Istepanian R, Jovanov E, Zhang YT. Introduction to the special section on M-Health: beyond seamless mobility and global wireless health-care connectivity. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2005; 8:405-14. [PMID: 15615031 DOI: 10.1109/titb.2004.840019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 174] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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