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Tian M, Mu X, Fan D, Liu Z, Liu Q, Yue K, Song Z, Luo J, Zhang S. A Transformable Mucoadhesive Microgel Network for Noninvasive Multimodal Imaging And Radioprotection of a Large Area of the Gastrointestinal Tract. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023; 35:e2303436. [PMID: 37364891 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202303436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Revised: 06/04/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
The lack of noninvasive imaging and modulation of a large area of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract constrain the diagnosis and treatment of many GI-related diseases. Recent advances use novel mucoadhesive materials to coat a part of the GI tract and then modulate its functions. High mucoadhesion is the key factor of the partial coating, but also the limitation for not spreading and covering the lower GI tract. Here, a bismuth-pectin organic-inorganic hybrid complex is screened and engineered into a transformable microgel network (Bi-GLUE) with high flowability and mucoadhesion, such that it can quickly transit through and coat a large area of the GI tract. In murine and porcine models, Bi-GLUE delivers contrast agents to achieve real-time, large-area GI-tract imaging under X-ray or magnetic resonance modalities and to facilitate the non-invasive diagnosis of familial adenomatous polyposis. Moreover, Bi-GLUE, like an intracorporal radiation shield, decreases the radiotoxicity in a whole-abdomen irradiation rat model. This transformable microgel network offers a new direction that can modulate a large area of the GI tract and may have broad applications for GI-related conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Tian
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200030, China
| | - Xin Mu
- Advanced Therapies, Siemens Healthineers Ltd., Shanghai, 200126, China
- School of Biomedical Engineering, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, 201210, China
| | - Dongyue Fan
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200030, China
- Einthoven Laboratory for Vascular and Regenerative Medicine, Division of Thrombosis and Hemostasis, Department of Internal Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, 2333 ZA, Netherlands
| | - Zhen Liu
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200030, China
| | - Qi Liu
- South China Advanced Institute for Soft Matter Science and Technology, School of Emergent Soft Matter, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Kan Yue
- South China Advanced Institute for Soft Matter Science and Technology, School of Emergent Soft Matter, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Zhiling Song
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200030, China
| | - Jie Luo
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200030, China
| | - Shiyi Zhang
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200030, China
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Abstract
Fluoroscopic esophagography is a widely available, safe, and inexpensive test for detecting gastroesophageal reflux disease. In this article, we review the technique for performing a high-quality esophagram, including upright, double-contrast views of the esophagus and cardia with high-density barium; prone, single-contrast views of the esophagus with low-density barium; and evaluation of gastroesophageal reflux. We then discuss the radiographic findings associated with gastroesophageal reflux disease, including esophageal dysmotility, reflux esophagitis, peptic strictures, and Barrett's esophagus. Finally, we consider the differential diagnosis for the various radiographic findings associated with this condition. When carefully performed and interpreted, the esophagram is a useful test for evaluating gastroesophageal reflux disease and its complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marc S Levine
- Department of Radiology, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, 3400 Spruce Street, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.
| | - Laura R Carucci
- Department of Radiology, Virginia Commonwealth University Medical Center, 1250 East Marshall Street, Richmond, VA, 23219, USA
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Abstract
The esophagus may be involved by a variety of morphologic abnormalities, including nodules and plaques, ulceration, distal esophageal strictures and rings, upper or midesophageal strictures, and diffuse narrowing (also known as a small-caliber esophagus). The use of a pattern approach for evaluating esophageal disease on barium studies facilitates diagnosis of a host of pathologic conditions associated with these morphologic abnormalities. This article therefore presents an approach for diagnosing esophageal disease on barium studies that emphasizes the radiographic and clinical features used to differentiate the underlying causes of disease and the diagnostic pitfalls associated with performing and interpreting these studies.
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Consensus Statement of Society of Abdominal Radiology Disease-Focused Panel on Barium Esophagography in Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease. AJR Am J Roentgenol 2016; 207:1009-1015. [DOI: 10.2214/ajr.16.16323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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Neumann H, Neurath MF, Vieth M, Lever FM, Meijer GJ, Lips IM, McMahon BP, Ruurda J, van Hillegersberg R, Siersema P, Levine MS, Scharitzer M, Pokieser P, Zerbib F, Savarino V, Zentilin P, Savarino E, Chan WW. Innovative techniques in evaluating the esophagus; imaging of esophageal morphology and function; and drugs for esophageal disease. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2013; 1300:11-28. [DOI: 10.1111/nyas.12233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Helmut Neumann
- Department of Medicine I; University of Erlangen; Erlangen Germany
| | | | - Michael Vieth
- Institute of Pathology; Klinikum Bayreuth; Bayreuth Germany
| | | | - Gert J. Meijer
- Department of Radiation Oncology; UMC Utrecht; Utrecht the Netherlands
| | - Irene M. Lips
- Department of Radiation Oncology; UMC Utrecht; Utrecht the Netherlands
| | - Barry P. McMahon
- Trinity Academic Gastroenterology Group; Tallaght Hospital; Dublin Ireland
| | - J.P. Ruurda
- Departments of Surgery and Gastroenterolgy; University Medical Center Utrecht; Utrecht the Netherlands
| | - R. van Hillegersberg
- Departments of Surgery and Gastroenterolgy; University Medical Center Utrecht; Utrecht the Netherlands
| | - P. Siersema
- Departments of Surgery and Gastroenterolgy; University Medical Center Utrecht; Utrecht the Netherlands
| | - Marc S. Levine
- Department of Gastrointestinal Radiology; University of Pennsylvania Medical Center; Philadelphia Pennsylvania
- Department of Radiology; Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania; Philadelphia Pennsylvania
| | | | - Peter Pokieser
- Department of Radiology; Medical University of Vienna; Vienna Austria
| | - Frank Zerbib
- Department of Gastroenterology; CHU Bordeaux, Saint Andre Hospital; Bordeaux France
| | | | | | - Edoardo Savarino
- Department of Surgical; Oncological and Gastroenterological Sciences; University of Padua; Padua Italy
| | - Walter W. Chan
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Endoscopy; Brigham and Women's Hospital; Harvard Medical School; Boston Massachusetts
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