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Bennett JP, Cataldi D, Liu YE, Kelly NN, Quon BK, Schoeller DA, Kelly T, Heymsfield SB, Shepherd JA. Development and validation of a rapid multicompartment body composition model using 3-dimensional optical imaging and bioelectrical impedance analysis. Clin Nutr 2024; 43:346-356. [PMID: 38142479 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2023.12.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Revised: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 12/26/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS The multicompartment approach to body composition modeling provides a more precise quantification of body compartments in healthy and clinical populations. We sought to develop and validate a simplified and accessible multicompartment body composition model using 3-dimensional optical (3DO) imaging and bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA). METHODS Samples of adults and collegiate-aged student-athletes were recruited for model calibration. For the criterion multicompartment model (Wang-5C), participants received measures of scale weight, body volume (BV) via air displacement, total body water (TBW) via deuterium dilution, and bone mineral content (BMC) via dual energy x-ray absorptiometry. The candidate model (3DO-5C) used stepwise linear regression to derive surrogate measures of BV using 3DO, TBW using BIA, and BMC using demographics. Test-retest precision of the candidate model was assessed via root mean square error (RMSE). The 3DO-5C model was compared to criterion via mean difference, concordance correlation coefficient (CCC), and Bland-Altman analysis. This model was then validated using a separate dataset of 20 adults. RESULTS 67 (31 female) participants were used to build the 3DO-5C model. Fat-free mass (FFM) estimates from Wang-5C (60.1 ± 13.4 kg) and 3DO-5C (60.3 ± 13.4 kg) showed no significant mean difference (-0.2 ± 2.0 kg; 95 % limits of agreement [LOA] -4.3 to +3.8) and the CCC was 0.99 with a similar effect in fat mass that reflected the difference in FFM measures. In the validation dataset, the 3DO-5C model showed no significant mean difference (0.0 ± 2.5 kg; 95 % LOA -3.6 to +3.7) for FFM with almost perfect equivalence (CCC = 0.99) compared to the criterion Wang-5C. Test-retest precision (RMSE = 0.73 kg FFM) supports the use of this model for more frequent testing in order to monitor body composition change over time. CONCLUSIONS Body composition estimates provided by the 3DO-5C model are precise and accurate to criterion methods when correcting for field calibrations. The 3DO-5C approach offers a rapid, cost-effective, and accessible method of body composition assessment that can be used broadly to guide nutrition and exercise recommendations in athletic settings and clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan P Bennett
- Graduate Program in Human Nutrition, University of Hawai'i at Manoa, Agricultural Science Building, 1955 East-West Rd, Honolulu, HI, 96822, USA; Department of Epidemiology, University of Hawai'i Cancer Center, 701 Ilalo St, Honolulu, HI, 96813, USA
| | - Devon Cataldi
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Hawai'i Cancer Center, 701 Ilalo St, Honolulu, HI, 96813, USA
| | - Yong En Liu
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Hawai'i Cancer Center, 701 Ilalo St, Honolulu, HI, 96813, USA
| | - Nisa N Kelly
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Hawai'i Cancer Center, 701 Ilalo St, Honolulu, HI, 96813, USA
| | - Brandon K Quon
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Hawai'i Cancer Center, 701 Ilalo St, Honolulu, HI, 96813, USA
| | - Dale A Schoeller
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1415 Linden Drive, Madison, WI, 53706, USA
| | - Thomas Kelly
- Hologic Inc, 250 Campus Drive, Marlborough, MA, 01752, USA
| | - Steven B Heymsfield
- Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Louisiana State University, 6400 Perkins Rd, Baton Rouge, LA, 70808, USA
| | - John A Shepherd
- Graduate Program in Human Nutrition, University of Hawai'i at Manoa, Agricultural Science Building, 1955 East-West Rd, Honolulu, HI, 96822, USA; Department of Epidemiology, University of Hawai'i Cancer Center, 701 Ilalo St, Honolulu, HI, 96813, USA.
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Iwasaka C, Yamada Y, Nishida Y, Hara M, Yasukata J, Miyoshi N, Shimanoe C, Nanri H, Furukawa T, Koga K, Horita M, Higaki Y, Tanaka K. Association of appendicular extracellular-to-intracellular water ratio with age, muscle strength, and physical activity in 8,018 community-dwelling middle-aged and older adults. Arch Gerontol Geriatr 2023; 108:104931. [PMID: 36701946 DOI: 10.1016/j.archger.2023.104931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Revised: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The appendicular extracellular-to-intracellular water ratio (Ap ECW/ICW) has recently gained attention as a non-invasive measurable marker of muscle quality. However, there is a lack of basic evidence regarding age-related changes, sex differences, contribution to muscle strength independent of skeletal muscle mass (SMM), and potential improvement through physical activity (PA) in Ap ECW/ICW. METHODS This cross-sectional study enrolled 8,018 middle-aged and older Japanese individuals (aged 45-75 years). The Ap ECW/ICW and SMM were measured using segmental bioelectrical impedance spectroscopy. Muscle strength was evaluated by measuring the handgrip strength (HGS) with a dynamometer, and the PA level (PAL) was measured with an accelerometer. We performed a linear regression analysis of the associations of the Ap ECW/ICW with age, HGS, and PAL. RESULTS The Ap ECW/ICW increased by 0.019 for men and 0.014 for women per 5-year increase in age (p < 0.001), and the age-related increase was greater in men than in women (p for interaction <0.001). The Ap ECW/ICW was more strongly associated with the HGS than with the SMM in both men and women (p < 0.001). PAL showed a significant inverse association with the Ap ECW/ICW in both men and women (p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Ap ECW/ICW is higher with age, and it varies by sex. The Ap ECW/ICW may reflect muscle strength more than the SMM, suggesting that the Ap ECW/ICW may be improved by PA. The findings from this study may provide a framework for further Ap ECW/ICW research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiharu Iwasaka
- Department of Physical Activity Research, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, Saga, Japan.
| | - Yosuke Yamada
- Department of Physical Activity Research, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuichiro Nishida
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, Saga, Japan
| | - Megumi Hara
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, Saga, Japan
| | - Jun Yasukata
- Department of Sports and Health Sciences, Faculty of Human Sciences, University of East Asia, Yamaguchi, Japan
| | - Nobuyuki Miyoshi
- Department of Childhood Care Education, Seika Women's Junior College, Fukuoka, Japan
| | | | - Hinako Nanri
- Department of Physical Activity Research, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, Tokyo, Japan; Laboratory of Gut Microbiome for Health, Collaborative Research Center for Health and Medicine, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, Osaka, Japan
| | - Takuma Furukawa
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, Saga, Japan
| | - Kayoko Koga
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, Saga, Japan
| | - Mikako Horita
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, Saga, Japan
| | - Yasuki Higaki
- Laboratory of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Sports and Health Science, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Keitaro Tanaka
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, Saga, Japan
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Hioka A, Akazawa N, Okawa N, Nagahiro S. Extracellular water-to-total body water ratio is an essential confounding factor in bioelectrical impedance analysis for sarcopenia diagnosis in women. Eur Geriatr Med 2022; 13:789-794. [PMID: 35536459 DOI: 10.1007/s41999-022-00652-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2022] [Accepted: 04/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The extracellular water-to-total body water ratio (ECW/TBW) is used in bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) for measuring muscle mass; however, ECW/TBW may be affected by several factors common in older individuals. Here, we assessed the relationships of ECW/TBW with handgrip strength, gait speed, and skeletal muscle mass index (SMI) in older women. METHODS In this cross-sectional study, 73 community-dwelling women aged ≥ 65 years who could independently perform activities of daily living were included. ECW/TBW was measured using direct segmental multifrequency BIA. The participants were divided into ECW/TBW < 0.40 (n = 54) and ECW/TBW ≥ 0.40 (n = 19) groups, with the latter indicating overhydration. SMI was calculated as appendicular skeletal muscle mass/(height)2 (kg/m2). The relationships of SMI with handgrip strength and gait speed were assessed using partial correlation coefficients. Age, number of medications, pain, and medical history were treated as control variables. RESULTS The average age of participants was 77.6 ± 6.0 years. The SMI was significantly related to handgrip strength (partial correlation coefficient = 0.293, P = 0.016) but not to gait speed (partial correlation coefficient = - 0.183, P = 0.138). Similarly, the SMI of the ECW/TBW < 0.40 group was significantly related to handgrip strength (partial correlation coefficient = 0.372, P = 0.009) but not gait speed (partial correlation coefficient = - 0.267, P = 0.066); however, the SMI of the ECW/TBW ≥ 0.40 group was not related to either variable. CONCLUSION ECW/TBW represents a confounding factor, which should be considered when using BIA for sarcopenia diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akemi Hioka
- Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Health and Welfare, Tokushima Bunri University, 180 Hoji, Yamashiro-cho, Tokushima City, 770-8514, Japan
| | - Naoki Akazawa
- Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Health and Welfare, Tokushima Bunri University, 180 Hoji, Yamashiro-cho, Tokushima City, 770-8514, Japan.
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Angleys H, Østergaard L. Modeling the measurement bias in interstitial glucose concentrations derived from microdialysis in skeletal muscle. Physiol Rep 2022; 10:e15252. [PMID: 35439357 PMCID: PMC9017984 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.15252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2022] [Revised: 03/17/2022] [Accepted: 03/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Muscle tissue utilizes glucose as a fuel during exercise and stores glucose in form of glycogen during rest. The associated glucose transport includes delivery of glucose from blood plasma into the interstitial space and subsequent, GLUT-4 facilitated diffusion into muscle cells. The extent to which the vascular endothelium acts as a barrier to glucose transport, however, remains debated. While accurate measurements of interstitial glucose concentration (IGC) are key to resolve this debate, these are also challenging as removal of interstitial fluid may perturb glucose transport and therefore bias IGC measurements. We developed a three-compartment model to infer IGC in skeletal muscle from its local metabolism and blood flow. The model predicts that IGC remains within 5% of that of blood plasma during resting conditions but decreases more as metabolism increases. Next, we determined how microdialysis protocols affect IGC. Our model analysis suggests that microdialysis-based IGC measurements underestimate true values. Notably, reported increases in muscle capillary permeability surface area product (PS) to glucose under the condition of elevated metabolism may owe in part to such measurements bias. Our study demonstrates that microdialysis may be associated with significant measurement bias in the context of muscle IGC assessment. Reappraising literature data with this bias in mind, we find that muscle capillary endothelium may represent less of a barrier to glucose transport in muscle than previously believed. We discuss the impact of glucose removal on the microdialysis relative recovery and means of correcting microdialysis IGC values.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hugo Angleys
- Center of Functionally Integrative Neuroscience & MINDLabAarhus UniversityAarhusDenmark
| | - Leif Østergaard
- Center of Functionally Integrative Neuroscience & MINDLabAarhus UniversityAarhusDenmark
- Department of NeuroradiologyAarhus University HospitalAarhusDenmark
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Umehara T, Kaneguchi A, Kawakami W, Katayama N, Kito N. Association of muscle mass and quality with hand grip strength in elderly patients with heart failure. Heart Vessels 2022; 37:1380-1386. [PMID: 35233647 DOI: 10.1007/s00380-022-02046-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Accepted: 02/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
In patients with heart failure, it is unknown whether the extracellular water (ECW)/intracellular water (ICW) ratio is associated with muscle strength, and thus, it is not well understood whether poor muscle quality contributes to muscular weakness. This study examined the relationship among hand grip strength, skeletal muscle mass index (SMI), and upper limb ECW/ICW ratio in patients with heart failure. This study followed a cross-sectional design. Demographic data, medical information, and hand grip strength were collected. The SMI and ECW/ICW ratio were measured using bio-impedance analysis (BIA). Hierarchical multiple regression analysis was conducted to identify factors associated with hand grip strength. 51 patients with heart failure were analyzed for this study (mean age 84.58 ± 7.18). Hierarchical multiple regression analysis identified SMI as well as upper limb ECW/ICW ratio as factors associated with hand grip strength, independent of age, sex, body mass index, and Life Space Assessment scores. Standardized partial regression coefficients representing the magnitude of involvement of each independent variable were 0.33 and - 0.16. The coefficient of determination adjusted for degrees of freedom (R2), representing the contribution rate of the regression equation, was 0.830. We revealed that loss of hand grip strength in patients with heart failure is associated with not only with a decrease in skeletal muscle mass, but also with a decline in muscle quality, characterized by an increased upper limb ECW/ICW ratio. BIA is a simple and useful method to measure the ECW/ICW ratio, and in turn, the muscle quality, in patients with heart failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takuya Umehara
- Department of Rehabilitation, Faculty of Rehabilitation, Hiroshima International University, Kurose-Gakuendai 555-36, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima, Japan.
| | - Akinori Kaneguchi
- Department of Rehabilitation, Faculty of Rehabilitation, Hiroshima International University, Kurose-Gakuendai 555-36, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Wataru Kawakami
- Department of Rehabilitation, Kure Kyosai Hospital, Nishichuo 2-3-28, Kure, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Nobuhisa Katayama
- Department of Rehabilitation, Kure Kyosai Hospital, Nishichuo 2-3-28, Kure, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Nobuhiro Kito
- Department of Rehabilitation, Faculty of Rehabilitation, Hiroshima International University, Kurose-Gakuendai 555-36, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima, Japan
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Enhanced echo intensity and a higher extracellular water-to-intracellular water ratio are helpful clinical signs for detecting muscle degeneration in patients with knee osteoarthritis. Clin Rheumatol 2021; 40:4207-4215. [PMID: 33999290 DOI: 10.1007/s10067-021-05763-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2021] [Revised: 04/30/2021] [Accepted: 05/03/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Enhanced muscle echo intensity (EI) with ultrasound imaging and a higher extracellular water-to-intracellular water (ECW/ICW) ratio with segmental-bioelectrical impedance spectroscopy (S-BIS) represent muscle quality loss. This study aimed to clarify quadriceps muscle degeneration characteristics, focusing on muscle quality changes in patients with knee osteoarthritis (OA). METHOD Forty-one women with knee OA (mean age, 71.4±6.0 years) and 27 healthy women (mean age, 75.6±4.9 years) participated. Ultrasonography was used to evaluate the muscle thickness (MT) and the EI of each quadriceps compartment. The ECW/ICW ratio was obtained by S-BIS. MT, EI, and ECW/ICW ratio differences between the two groups were tested using univariate analysis of variance, adjusting for age and body mass index. Logistic regression analyses were performed with the group as the dependent variable, and the MT and EI of the vastus medialis (VM) and the ECW/ICW ratio as independent variables. RESULTS Patients with knee OA had a significant decrease in VM MT, enhanced VM, and vastus intermedius EIs and a higher ECW/ICW ratio compared with healthy participants. Logistic regression analysis showed that the VM EI (odds ratio [OR], 1.19; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.06-1.35) and the ECW/ICW ratio were independently associated with knee OA (OR, 1.19; 95% CI, 1.00-1.42). CONCLUSIONS VM EI and the ECW/ICW ratio, rather than VM MT, characterised quadriceps muscle degeneration in patients with knee OA. Therefore, enhanced EI and a higher ECW/ICW ratio are helpful clinical signs for detecting muscle degeneration in patients with knee OA. Key Points •Echo intensity (EI) of the vastus medialis and the extracellular-to-intracellular water (ECW/ICW) ratio significantly increased in patients with knee osteoarthritis OA). •Enhanced EI and a higher ECW/ICW ratio are useful clinical signs for detecting muscle degeneration in patients with knee OA.
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Krššák M, Lindeboom L, Schrauwen‐Hinderling V, Szczepaniak LS, Derave W, Lundbom J, Befroy D, Schick F, Machann J, Kreis R, Boesch C. Proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy in skeletal muscle: Experts' consensus recommendations. NMR IN BIOMEDICINE 2021; 34:e4266. [PMID: 32022964 PMCID: PMC8244035 DOI: 10.1002/nbm.4266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2019] [Revised: 12/21/2019] [Accepted: 01/15/2020] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
1 H-MR spectroscopy of skeletal muscle provides insight into metabolism that is not available noninvasively by other methods. The recommendations given in this article are intended to guide those who have basic experience in general MRS to the special application of 1 H-MRS in skeletal muscle. The highly organized structure of skeletal muscle leads to effects that change spectral features far beyond simple peak heights, depending on the type and orientation of the muscle. Specific recommendations are given for the acquisition of three particular metabolites (intramyocellular lipids, carnosine and acetylcarnitine) and for preconditioning of experiments and instructions to study volunteers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Krššák
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine III & High Field MR Centre, Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image guided TherapyMedical University of ViennaViennaAustria
| | - Lucas Lindeboom
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine and Department of Nutrition and Movement ScienceMaastricht University Medical CenterMaastrichtThe Netherlands
| | - Vera Schrauwen‐Hinderling
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine and Department of Nutrition and Movement ScienceMaastricht University Medical CenterMaastrichtThe Netherlands
| | - Lidia S. Szczepaniak
- Biomedical Research Consulting in Magnetic Resonance SpectroscopyAlbuquerqueNew Mexico
| | - Wim Derave
- Department of Movement and Sports SciencesGhent UniversityGhentBelgium
| | - Jesper Lundbom
- Department of Diagnostics and TherapeuticsUniversity of HelsinkiHelsinkiFinland
| | | | - Fritz Schick
- Section on Experimental Radiology, Department of Diagnostic and Interventional RadiologyUniversity Hospital TübingenTübingenGermany
| | - Jürgen Machann
- Section on Experimental Radiology, Department of Diagnostic and Interventional RadiologyUniversity Hospital TübingenTübingenGermany
- Institute for Diabetes Research and Metabolic Diseases (IDM) of the Helmholtz Center Munich at the University of TübingenTübingenGermany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD)TübingenGermany
| | - Roland Kreis
- Departments of Radiology and Biomedical ResearchUniversity and InselspitalBernSwitzerland
| | - Chris Boesch
- Departments of Radiology and Biomedical ResearchUniversity and InselspitalBernSwitzerland
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Hioka A, Akazawa N, Okawa N, Nagahiro S. Increased total body extracellular-to-intracellular water ratio in community-dwelling elderly women is associated with decreased handgrip strength and gait speed. Nutrition 2021; 86:111175. [PMID: 33631617 DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2021.111175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2020] [Revised: 12/17/2020] [Accepted: 01/21/2021] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE As the extracellular-to-intracellular water (ECW/ICW) ratio of the thigh is negatively associated with knee extension strength or gait speed in the elderly, an increase in the total body ECW/ICW ratio in the elderly is considered to be related to a decrease in physical function. However, these relationships have not been properly investigated. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship of handgrip strength and gait speed with the total body ECW/ICW ratio in community-dwelling elderly women. METHODS The present study used a cross-sectional design. We enrolled 71 community-dwelling women, ≥65 y of age, who could independently perform activities of daily living. The total body ECW/ICW ratio was measured using bioelectrical impedance analysis. Relationships between the total body ECW/ICW ratio and grip strength and gait speed were assessed using Pearson's correlation coefficient. Additionally, stepwise multiple regression analysis was used to identify the factors that were independently associated with handgrip strength and gait speed. The independent variables considered were the total body ECW/ICW ratio, age, body mass index, number of medications, presence of pain, and a history of certain conditions. RESULTS The results indicated that an increased total body ECW/ICW ratio in community-dwelling elderly women was associated with a decreased handgrip strength and gait speed. Furthermore, the total body ECW/ICW ratio was significantly, independently associated with handgrip strength even after adjusting for confounding factors. CONCLUSION These findings suggest that the total body ECW/ICW ratio may indicate health conditions in community-dwelling elderly women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akemi Hioka
- Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Health and Welfare, Tokushima Bunri University, Tokushima City, Japan
| | - Naoki Akazawa
- Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Health and Welfare, Tokushima Bunri University, Tokushima City, Japan.
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Taniguchi M, Ikezoe T, Kamitani T, Tsuboyama T, Ito H, Matsuda S, Tabara Y, Matsuda F, Ichihashi N. Extracellular-to-intracellular water ratios are associated with functional disability levels in patients with knee osteoarthritis: results from the Nagahama Study. Clin Rheumatol 2021; 40:2889-2896. [PMID: 33486595 DOI: 10.1007/s10067-021-05591-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2020] [Revised: 01/09/2021] [Accepted: 01/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION/OBJECTIVES To test the hypothesis that greater extracellular-to-intracellular water (ECW/ICW) ratios in lower-limb muscles are associated with worsened functional abilities in patients with knee osteoarthritis (OA). METHODS We analyzed data from 787 participants (82.2% female; mean age, 69.6 ± 5.3 years) from the Nagahama Prospective Cohort who were ≥60 years old and had radiographically confirmed bilateral knee OA. The Knee Scoring System (KSS) was used to assess functional abilities. Lower-limb ECW/ICW ratios and skeletal mass index values were determined with multi-frequency bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA). Multiple linear regression analysis was used to test for associations between ECW/ICW ratios and functional abilities. Subgroup analyses based on OA severities and symptomaticity were also conducted. RESULTS Increased ECW/ICW ratios were associated with a 4.38-point decrease in the KSS function scores (95% confidence interval [CI], 3.15-5.62 points) after adjusting for covariates. This association varied according to the degree of knee symptoms, especially in individuals with radiologically mild OA. ECW/ICW ratios in individuals with asymptomatic mild OA were associated with a 2.14-point decrease in the KSS function score (95% CI, 0.32-3.96 points), whereas those in individuals with severe symptomatic mild OA were associated with a 6.16-point decrease (95% CI, 2.13-10.19 points). CONCLUSIONS Our findings indicate that higher ECW/ICW ratios are associated with greater functional disability in patients with knee OA. Therefore, ECW/ICW ratio measurements with multi-frequency BIA can serve as valuable indicators for functional disability in patients with knee OA. Key Points • Higher extracellular-to-intracellular water (ECW/ICW) ratios are associated with greater functional disability levels in patients with knee osteoarthritis (OA). • ECW/ICW ratios are useful clinical signs as a biomarker for poor functional abilities in patients with knee OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masashi Taniguchi
- Department of Physical Therapy, Human Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, 53-Kawahara-cho, Shogoin, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan.
| | - Tome Ikezoe
- Department of Physical Therapy, Human Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, 53-Kawahara-cho, Shogoin, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
| | - Tsukasa Kamitani
- Department of Healthcare Epidemiology, School of Public Health in the Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Tadao Tsuboyama
- Department of Physical Therapy, Human Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, 53-Kawahara-cho, Shogoin, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan.,Department of Physical Therapy, School of Health Sciences, Bukkyo University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Hiromu Ito
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Shuichi Matsuda
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yasuharu Tabara
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Fumihiko Matsuda
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Noriaki Ichihashi
- Department of Physical Therapy, Human Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, 53-Kawahara-cho, Shogoin, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
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Ismail AH, Gross T, Schlieper G, Walter M, Eitner F, Floege J, Leonhardt S. Monitoring transcellular fluid shifts during episodes of intradialytic hypotension using bioimpedance spectroscopy. Clin Kidney J 2019; 14:149-155. [PMID: 33564413 PMCID: PMC7857820 DOI: 10.1093/ckj/sfz123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2019] [Accepted: 08/11/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Transcellular fluid shifts during dialysis treatment could be related to the frequency and severity of intradialytic hypotension (IDH). We investigated that (i) in addition to ultrafiltration, extracellular fluid (ECF) is further depleted by transcellular fluid shifts and (ii) changes in intracellular fluid (ICF), which have been overlooked so far, or if they were considered, are not understood, might be due to these fluid shifts. Methods Thirty-six patients were categorized as haemodynamically stable, asymptomatic IDH or unstable (symptomatic IDH) according to their changes in systolic blood pressure and associated clinical symptoms. Their intradialytic changes in body fluids were studied using bioimpedance spectroscopy measurements and compared among groups. Results For IDH-prone patients, data showed a rapid drop in ECF that was more than expected from the ultrafiltration rate (UFR) profile and was associated with a significant increase in ICF (P = 0.001). Study of accumulative loss profiles of ECF revealed a loss in ECF up to 300 ml, more than that predicted from UFR for unstable patients. Conclusions The considerable discrepancy between the expected and measured loss in ECF might provide evidence of transcellular fluid shifts possibly induced by changes in plasma osmolarity due to haemodialysis. Moreover, the results suggest a pattern of fluid removal in IDH-prone patients that significantly differs from that in haemodynamically stable patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdul Hamid Ismail
- Philips Chair for Medical Information Technology, Helmholtz-Institute for Biomedical Engineering, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Theresa Gross
- Department of Nephrology (Medical Clinic II), RWTH Aachen University Hospital, Aachen, Germany
| | - Georg Schlieper
- Department of Nephrology (Medical Clinic II), RWTH Aachen University Hospital, Aachen, Germany
| | - Marian Walter
- Philips Chair for Medical Information Technology, Helmholtz-Institute for Biomedical Engineering, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Frank Eitner
- Cardiovascular II Department, Research & Development, Pharmaceuticals, Bayer AG, Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Jürgen Floege
- Department of Nephrology (Medical Clinic II), RWTH Aachen University Hospital, Aachen, Germany
| | - Steffen Leonhardt
- Philips Chair for Medical Information Technology, Helmholtz-Institute for Biomedical Engineering, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
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11
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Yoo JI, Choi H, Song SY, Park KS, Lee DH, Ha YC. Relationship between water intake and skeletal muscle mass in elderly Koreans: A nationwide population-based study. Nutrition 2018; 53:38-42. [PMID: 29655775 DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2018.01.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2017] [Revised: 01/07/2018] [Accepted: 01/12/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The purposes of this study were to evaluate the correlation between sarcopenia and water intake and investigate lack of daily water intake in the presence of sarcopenia in an elderly population. METHODS Data from 3656 participants (1582 men and 2074 women) were analyzed using the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Sarcopenia was defined in accordance with the criteria of the Asia Working Group for Sarcopenia. Water intake was assessed using the dietary water adequacy ratio and was calculated by dividing the daily water intake from fluid by the recommended daily amount of 1000 mL in men and 900 mL in women. RESULTS Water intake from food (g/d and cup/d) and dietary water adequacy ratio (mL) were significantly lower in the sarcopenia group (757.8 g, 890.1 g, and 0.74 mL in men; 511.9 g, 757.8 g, and 0.70 mL in women, respectively) than in the non-sarcopenia group (878.4 g, 1015.1 g, and 0.81 mL in men; 581.3 g, 790.5 g, 0.74 mL in women, respectively). In elderly men, the odds ratio of sarcopenia in the lowest quartile increased to 1.47 (range, 1.13-1.91) in Model 2 compared with that in the highest quartile. In elderly women, the odds ratio of sarcopenia in the lowest quartile increased to 1.50 (range, 1.08-2.08) in Model 2 compared with that in the highest quartile. CONCLUSIONS The prevalence of sarcopenia in the elderly population was related to inadequate dietary water intake after adjusting for covariates. Adequate water intake in the elderly should be recommended to prevent dehydration-related complications, including sarcopenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Il Yoo
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Jinju, Korea; Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea
| | - Hana Choi
- Department of Rehabilitation medicine, Dankook University College of Medicine, Cheonan, Korea
| | - Sang-Yoon Song
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Jinju, Korea
| | - Ki-Soo Park
- Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea; Department of Preventive medicine, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, Jinju, Korea
| | - Dong-Hoon Lee
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yong-Chan Ha
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
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12
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Yamada Y, Yoshida T, Yokoyama K, Watanabe Y, Miyake M, Yamagata E, Yamada M, Kimura M. The Extracellular to Intracellular Water Ratio in Upper Legs is Negatively Associated With Skeletal Muscle Strength and Gait Speed in Older People. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2017; 72:293-298. [PMID: 27422438 DOI: 10.1093/gerona/glw125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2016] [Accepted: 06/16/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Skeletal muscles contain a large volume of water that is classified into intracellular (ICW) and extracellular (ECW) water fractions. Nuclear magnetic resonance-based biomarkers suggest that increased water T2 heterogeneities, as well as elevated water T2 relaxation in the quadriceps occurs in the elderly when compared with young adults. However, nuclear magnetic resonance is difficult to apply to a large-scale study or a clinical setting for sarcopenia and frailty screening. Segmental bioelectrical impedance spectroscopy is a unique tool used to assess the segmental ratio of ECW/ICW in the limbs. We evaluated 405 community-living people aged between 65 and 90 years. ECW and ICW in the upper legs were assessed by segmental bioelectrical impedance spectroscopy. Isometric knee extension strength, gait speed, and skeletal muscle mass were measured. Thigh ECW/ICW was negatively correlated with knee extension strength and gait speed (r = -.617 and -.431, respectively, p < .001) and increased with age (p < .001). Thigh ECW/ICW was a significant predictor of knee extension strength and gait speed independent of age, sex, body mass index, and skeletal muscle mass. Relative expansion of ECW against ICW in the thigh muscles is a factor in decreased muscle quality and a biomarker of muscle aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yosuke Yamada
- Department of Nutritional Science, National Institute of Health and Nutrition, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tsukasa Yoshida
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Kyoto, Japan.,Senior Citizen's Welfare Section, Kameoka City Government, Kameoka, Japan
| | | | - Yuya Watanabe
- Department of Health and Sports Sciences, Kyoto Gakuen University, Kameoka, Japan
| | - Motoko Miyake
- Department of Health and Sports Sciences, Kyoto Gakuen University, Kameoka, Japan
| | - Emi Yamagata
- Faculty of Nursing, Doshisha Women's College of Liberal Arts, Kyotanabe, Japan
| | - Minoru Yamada
- Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Misaka Kimura
- Department of Health and Sports Sciences, Kyoto Gakuen University, Kameoka, Japan
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13
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Yamada Y, Nishizawa M, Uchiyama T, Kasahara Y, Shindo M, Miyachi M, Tanaka S. Developing and Validating an Age-Independent Equation Using Multi-Frequency Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis for Estimation of Appendicular Skeletal Muscle Mass and Establishing a Cutoff for Sarcopenia. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2017; 14:ijerph14070809. [PMID: 28753945 PMCID: PMC5551247 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph14070809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2017] [Revised: 07/13/2017] [Accepted: 07/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Background: Appendicular skeletal muscle (or lean) mass (ALM) estimated using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) is considered to be a preferred method for sarcopenia studies. However, DXA is expensive, has limited portability, and requires radiation exposure. Bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) is inexpensive, easy to use, and portable; thus BIA might be useful in sarcopenia investigations. However, a large variety of models have been commercially supplied by different companies, and for most consumer products, the equations estimating ALM are not disclosed. It is therefore difficult to use these equations for research purposes. In particular, the BIA equation is often age-dependent, which leads to fundamental difficulty in examining age-related ALM loss. The aims of the current study were as follows: (1) to develop and validate an equation to estimate ALM using multi-frequency BIA (MF-BIA) based on theoretical models, and (2) to establish sarcopenia cutoff values using the equation for the Japanese population. Methods: We measured height (Ht), weight, and ALM obtained using DXA and a standing-posture 8-electrode MF-BIA (5, 50, 250 kHz) in 756 Japanese individuals aged 18 to 86-years-old (222 men and 301 women as developing equation group and 97 men and 136 women as a cross validation group). The traditional impedance index (Ht²/Z50) and impedance ratio of high and low frequency (Z250/Z₅) of hand to foot values were calculated. Multiple regression analyses were conducted with ALM as dependent variable in men and women separately. Results: We created the following equations: ALM = (0.6947 × (Ht²/Z50)) + (-55.24 × (Z250/Z₅)) + (-10,940 × (1/Z50)) + 51.33 for men, and ALM = (0.6144 × (Ht²/Z50)) + (-36.61 × (Z250/Z₅)) + (-9332 × (1/Z50)) + 37.91 for women. Additionally, we conducted measurements in 1624 men and 1368 women aged 18 to 40 years to establish sarcopenia cutoff values in the Japanese population. The mean values minus 2 standard deviations of the skeletal muscle mass index (ALM/Ht²) in these participants were 6.8 and 5.7 kg/m² in men and women, respectively. Conclusion: The current study established and validated a theoretical and age-independent equation using MF-BIA to estimate ALM and provided reasonable sarcopenia cutoff values.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yosuke Yamada
- Department of Nutrition and Metabolism, National Institute of Health and Nutrition, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, 1-23-1 Toyama, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8636, Japan.
| | - Miyuki Nishizawa
- TANITA Body Weight Scientific Institute, TANITA Corporation, 1-14-2 Maeno, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo 174-8630, Japan.
| | - Tomoka Uchiyama
- TANITA Body Weight Scientific Institute, TANITA Corporation, 1-14-2 Maeno, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo 174-8630, Japan.
| | - Yasuhiro Kasahara
- TANITA Body Weight Scientific Institute, TANITA Corporation, 1-14-2 Maeno, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo 174-8630, Japan.
| | - Mikio Shindo
- TANITA Body Weight Scientific Institute, TANITA Corporation, 1-14-2 Maeno, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo 174-8630, Japan.
| | - Motohiko Miyachi
- Department of Physical Activity Research, National Institute of Health and Nutrition, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, 1-23-1 Toyama, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8636, Japan.
| | - Shigeho Tanaka
- Department of Nutrition and Metabolism, National Institute of Health and Nutrition, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, 1-23-1 Toyama, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8636, Japan.
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14
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Birzniece V, Khaw CH, Nelson AE, Meinhardt U, Ho KKY. A critical evaluation of bioimpedance spectroscopy analysis in estimating body composition during GH treatment: comparison with bromide dilution and dual X-ray absorptiometry. Eur J Endocrinol 2015; 172:21-8. [PMID: 25326135 DOI: 10.1530/eje-14-0660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To compare estimates by bioimpedance spectroscopy analysis (BIS) of extracellular water (ECW), fat mass (FM), and fat-free mass (FFM) against standard techniques of bromide dilution and dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) during intervention that causes significant changes in water compartments and body composition. METHODS Body composition analysis using BIS, bromide dilution, and DXA was performed in 71 healthy recreational athletes (43 men, 28 women; aged 18-40 years; BMI 24 ± 0.4 kg/m(2)) who participated in a double-blinded, randomized, placebo-controlled study of GH and testosterone treatment. The comparison of BIS with bromide dilution and DXA was analyzed using linear regression and the Bland-Altman method. RESULTS At baseline, there was a significant correlation between BIS and bromide dilution-derived estimates for ECW, and DXA for FM and FFM (P<0.001). ECW by BIS was 3.5 ± 8.1% lower compared with bromide dilution, while FM was 22.4 ± 26.8% lower and FFM 13.7 ± 7.5% higher compared with DXA (P<0.01). During treatment, the change in ECW was similar between BIS and bromide dilution, whereas BIS gave a significantly greater reduction in FM (19.4 ± 44.8%) and a greater increase in FFM (5.6 ± 3.0%) compared with DXA (P<0.01). Significant differences in body composition estimates between the BIS and DXA were observed only in men, particularly during the treatment that caused greatest change in water compartments and body composition. CONCLUSION In healthy adults, bioimpedance spectroscopy is an acceptable tool for measuring ECW; however, BIS overestimates FFM and substantially underestimates FM compared with DXA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vita Birzniece
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research and Department of EndocrinologySt Vincent's Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, AustraliaThe University of NSWSydney, New South Wales, AustraliaSchool of MedicineUniversity of Western Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, AustraliaCentre for Pediatric EndocrinologyZurich, SwitzerlandCentres for Health ResearchPrincess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia Garvan Institute of Medical Research and Department of EndocrinologySt Vincent's Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, AustraliaThe University of NSWSydney, New South Wales, AustraliaSchool of MedicineUniversity of Western Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, AustraliaCentre for Pediatric EndocrinologyZurich, SwitzerlandCentres for Health ResearchPrincess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia Garvan Institute of Medical Research and Department of EndocrinologySt Vincent's Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, AustraliaThe University of NSWSydney, New South Wales, AustraliaSchool of MedicineUniversity of Western Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, AustraliaCentre for Pediatric EndocrinologyZurich, SwitzerlandCentres for Health ResearchPrincess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Chong-Hui Khaw
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research and Department of EndocrinologySt Vincent's Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, AustraliaThe University of NSWSydney, New South Wales, AustraliaSchool of MedicineUniversity of Western Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, AustraliaCentre for Pediatric EndocrinologyZurich, SwitzerlandCentres for Health ResearchPrincess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Anne E Nelson
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research and Department of EndocrinologySt Vincent's Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, AustraliaThe University of NSWSydney, New South Wales, AustraliaSchool of MedicineUniversity of Western Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, AustraliaCentre for Pediatric EndocrinologyZurich, SwitzerlandCentres for Health ResearchPrincess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Udo Meinhardt
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research and Department of EndocrinologySt Vincent's Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, AustraliaThe University of NSWSydney, New South Wales, AustraliaSchool of MedicineUniversity of Western Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, AustraliaCentre for Pediatric EndocrinologyZurich, SwitzerlandCentres for Health ResearchPrincess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia Garvan Institute of Medical Research and Department of EndocrinologySt Vincent's Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, AustraliaThe University of NSWSydney, New South Wales, AustraliaSchool of MedicineUniversity of Western Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, AustraliaCentre for Pediatric EndocrinologyZurich, SwitzerlandCentres for Health ResearchPrincess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Ken K Y Ho
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research and Department of EndocrinologySt Vincent's Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, AustraliaThe University of NSWSydney, New South Wales, AustraliaSchool of MedicineUniversity of Western Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, AustraliaCentre for Pediatric EndocrinologyZurich, SwitzerlandCentres for Health ResearchPrincess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia Garvan Institute of Medical Research and Department of EndocrinologySt Vincent's Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, AustraliaThe University of NSWSydney, New South Wales, AustraliaSchool of MedicineUniversity of Western Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, AustraliaCentre for Pediatric EndocrinologyZurich, SwitzerlandCentres for Health ResearchPrincess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia Garvan Institute of Medical Research and Department of EndocrinologySt Vincent's Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, AustraliaThe University of NSWSydney, New South Wales, AustraliaSchool of MedicineUniversity of Western Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, AustraliaCentre for Pediatric EndocrinologyZurich, SwitzerlandCentres for Health ResearchPrincess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
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15
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Abstract
BACKGROUND It was previously demonstrated that drinking water significantly elevates the resting energy expenditure (REE) in adults, and that low water intake is associated with obesity and lesser success in weight reduction. This study addressed the potential of water drinking to increase the REE in children, as an additional tool for weight management. OBJECTIVE To examine the effect of drinking water on the REE of overweight children. DESIGN A total of 21 overweight, otherwise-healthy children (age 9.9±1.4 years, 11 males) drank 10 ml kg(-1) cold water (4 °C). REE was measured before and after water ingestion, for 66 min. The main outcome measure was the change in mean REE from baseline values. RESULTS Immediately after drinking water, there was a transient decrease in REE, from a baseline value of 3.32±1.15 kilojoule (kJ) per min to 2.56±0.66 kJ per min at minute 3 (P=0.005). A subsequent rise in REE was then observed, which was significantly higher than baseline after 24 min (3.89±0.78 kJ/min (P=0.021)), and at most time points thereafter. Maximal mean REE values were seen at 57 min after water drinking (4.16±1.43 kJ per min (P=0.004)), which were 25% higher than baseline. REE was significantly correlated with age, height, weight and fat-free mass; the correlations with maximal REE values after water drinking were stronger than with baseline REE values. CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrated an increase of up to 25% in REE following the drinking of 10 ml kg(-1) of cold water in overweight children, lasting for over 40 min. Consuming the recommended daily amount of water for children could result in an energy expenditure equivalent to an additional weight loss of about 1.2 kg per year. These findings reinforce the concept of water-induced REE elevation shown in adults, suggesting that water drinking could assist overweight children in weight loss or maintenance, and may warrant emphasis in dietary guidelines against the obesity epidemic.
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16
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Cui MH, Hwang JH, Tomuta V, Dong Z, Stein DT. Cross contamination of intramyocellular lipid signals through loss of bulk magnetic susceptibility effect differences in human muscle using 1H-MRSI at 4 T. J Appl Physiol (1985) 2007; 103:1290-8. [PMID: 17673557 DOI: 10.1152/japplphysiol.01088.2006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Cross contamination of intramyocellular lipid (IMCL) signals through loss of bulk magnetic susceptibility (BMS) differences was detected in human muscles using proton magnetic resonance spectroscopic imaging (1H-MRSI) at 4 T by varying nominal voxel sizes on healthy subjects. In soleus muscle the IMCL content estimated in 1.00-ml-sized voxels was 15% and 30% higher than that in 0.25-ml voxels for nonobese ( P < 0.05) and obese ( P < 0.01) subjects, respectively, whereas no effect was observed on IMCL estimation in tibialis posterior (TP) and tibialis anterior (TA) regions for different voxel sizes. The unbiased 0.25-ml voxel size 1H-MRSI method was applied to measure IMCL content in nonobese sedentary (NOB-Sed), moderately trained (Ath), sedentary obese (OB), and Type 2 diabetic mellitus (DM) subjects. IMCL content in soleus was greatest in OB, with decreasing content in DM, Ath, and NOB-Sed, respectively (12.6 ± 1.6, 9.7 ± 1.8, 7.4 ± 1.0, 4.9 ± 0.5 mmol/kg wet wt; P < 0.05 by ANOVA; P < 0.05 OB vs. NOB-Sed or Ath). In TA, IMCL was equivalently elevated in DM and OB, which was higher than in Ath or NOB-Sed, respectively (4.2 ± 0.4 and 4.2 ± 0.7 vs. 2.7 ± 0.5 and 1.5 ± 0.3 mmol/kg wet wt; ANOVA, P < 0.05; P < 0.05 DM or OB vs. NOB-Sed). We conclude that IMCL content is overestimated when voxel size exceeds 0.25 ml despite measurement by optimized high-resolution 1H-MRSI at high field. When IMCL is measured unbiased by concomitant obesity, we find that it is strongly influenced by muscle type, training status, and the presence of obesity and Type 2 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min-Hui Cui
- Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Gruss MRRC Rm. 205, 1300 Morris Park Ave., Bronx, NY 10461, USA.
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17
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Guerra B, Santana A, Fuentes T, Delgado-Guerra S, Cabrera-Socorro A, Dorado C, Calbet JAL. Leptin receptors in human skeletal muscle. J Appl Physiol (1985) 2007; 102:1786-92. [PMID: 17234799 DOI: 10.1152/japplphysiol.01313.2006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Human skeletal muscle expresses leptin receptor mRNA; however, it remains unknown whether leptin receptors (OB-R) are also expressed at the protein level. Fourteen healthy men (age = 33.1 +/- 2.0 yr, height = 175.9 +/- 1.7 cm, body mass = 81.2 +/- 3.8 kg, body fat = 22.5 +/- 1.9%; means +/- SE) participated in this investigation. The expression of OB-R protein was determined in skeletal muscle, subcutaneous adipose tissue, and hypothalamus using a polyclonal rabbit anti-human leptin receptor. Three bands with a molecular mass close to 170, 128, and 98 kDa were identified by Western blot with the anti-OB-R antibody. All three bands were identified in skeletal muscle: the 98-kDa and 170-kDa bands were detected in hypothalamus, and the 98-kDa and 128-kDa bands were detected in thigh subcutaneous adipose tissue. The 128-kDa isoform was not detected in four subjects, whereas in the rest its occurrence was fully explained by the presence of intermuscular adipose tissue, as demonstrated using an anti-perilipin A antibody. No relationship was observed between the basal concentration of leptin in serum and the 170-kDa band density. In conclusion, a long isoform of the leptin receptor with a molecular mass close to 170 kDa is expressed at the protein level in human skeletal muscle. The amount of 170-kDa protein appears to be independent of the basal concentration of leptin in serum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Borja Guerra
- Department of Physical Education, University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Canary Island, Spain.
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18
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Stookey JD, Barclay D, Arieff A, Popkin BM. The altered fluid distribution in obesity may reflect plasma hypertonicity. Eur J Clin Nutr 2006; 61:190-9. [PMID: 17021599 DOI: 10.1038/sj.ejcn.1602521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study explored whether the increased extracellular relative to intracellular fluid (ECF/ICF) ratio in obesity might reflect osmotic effects of elevated plasma solute concentrations. DESIGN Cross-sectional, epidemiological survey. SETTING AND SUBJECTS The present analysis used nationally representative data from the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey on community-dwelling adults (aged 40-59 years) in the US without evidence of glucose dysregulation or chronic disease (n=1285). INTERVENTION Body mass index (BMI) was estimated from measured height and weight. Total body reactance, an index of body fluid distribution, was determined by bioelectrical impedance analysis. Plasma tonicity (the cumulative index of osmotically effective plasma solute) was estimated from plasma glucose, sodium and potassium. Sex-specific relative odds of lower reactance (<or=50 Omega/m for women, <or=40 Omega/m for men) and plasma hypertonicity (tonicity >or=295 mmol/l) associated with overweight (25<or=BMI <30) and obesity (BMI>or=30) were estimated using logistic regression models that controlled for sociodemographic variables, smoking, leisure-time physical activity, total energy intake, serum creatinine, plasma insulin and glucose. Multinomial logistic regression models tested for associations between weight status and specific serum solute. RESULTS Independent of covariates, in men and women, overweight and obesity were associated with increased odds of lower reactance and hypertonicity. Overweight and obese individuals with lower reactance had significantly higher serum sodium than normal weight individuals. CONCLUSIONS Elevated plasma solute concentrations are associated with obesity in free-living adults. Physicians and researchers should be alert to a possible link between hypertonicity and obesity. SPONSORSHIP Grants from the NIH, Nestle Waters.
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Affiliation(s)
- J D Stookey
- Children's Hospital of Oakland Research Institute, Oakland, CA 94609, USA.
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19
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Topchyan A, Tatarinov A, Sarvazyan N, Sarvazyan A. Ultrasound velocity in human muscle in vivo: perspective for edema studies. ULTRASONICS 2006; 44:259-64. [PMID: 16574182 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultras.2006.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2006] [Revised: 02/08/2006] [Accepted: 02/09/2006] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
The present study examines the association of the changes in ultrasound velocity measured at 1 MHz using 1.5 micros duration tone burst in the human soleus muscle in vivo with several pathologies including patients with chronic renal failure (CRF) and disorders of the cardiovascular system. Total 127 subjects were investigated, with approximately equal number of male and female subjects uniformly distributed by age, from 15 to 70 years old. Since molecular composition of the tissue is thought to have greater effect on the bulk ultrasound velocity, potential contribution of both water and fat, two main variable components of a muscle, were taken into account. Observed negative correlation of ultrasound velocity with the body mass index was considered a result of an elevated fat content. Based on the obtained data, presence of leg edemas results in a measurably lower ultrasound velocity in the soleus muscle. Unless patients had visibly detected leg edema, no difference between healthy individuals, patients with chronic heart failure, or CRF was found. Despite relatively high individual variations in velocity, ranging from 1530 to 1615 m/s, a statistically significant gender correlated difference between average values of the velocity was observed. No dependence of velocity on subject age was detected. An indirect confirmation of the muscle fluid homeostasis was revealed in patients with CRF undergoing hemodialysis procedure. After hemodialysis, a significantly smaller increase (0.3% in average) of ultrasound velocity in the soleus muscle was observed than otherwise could be expected if a uniform relative loss of total body fluids was assumed (1-1.3%). In general, the study findings set a premise for using ultrasound velocity as a potential quantitative parameter for edema assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alevtina Topchyan
- Division of Pathology, Armenian National Institute of Health, Yerevan, Armenia
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20
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Sarvazyan A, Tatarinov A, Sarvazyan N. Ultrasonic assessment of tissue hydration status. ULTRASONICS 2005; 43:661-71. [PMID: 15982471 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultras.2005.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2005] [Revised: 03/13/2005] [Accepted: 03/13/2005] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Tissue water content is an important diagnostic parameter that can be used for estimation of water loss in muscles such as common dehydration during high endurance exercises. It could be also applied for evaluation of the increased fluids content in the tissue caused by the variety of pathological conditions or edemas. Ultrasonic method for tissue water content monitoring is based on the premise that the speed of a bulk or compression sound wave is determined mainly by the molecular content of the tissue. Most soft tissues, including muscles that consist of about 70-80% water, exhibit shift of the ultrasound velocity associated with the change in their water content. In the present paper, we tested the feasibility of assessing changes in tissue water content by measurements of ultrasound velocity in ex vivo animal muscle tissues. An increase in the ultrasound velocity correlated with the volumetric water loss in the tissue was observed when other tissue components (proteins, fat) remained constant. Possibility to assess muscle dehydration with 1% accuracy was confirmed in model dehydration experiments, where ultrasound velocity slope of about 3 m/s per 1% of water loss was revealed at measurement error less than 2 m/s. Hence, the ultrasonic approach can provide basis for a convenient, lightweight system in sports medicine for monitoring total body hydration during long-term endurance exercise in hot conditions, as well as for edemas monitoring and other medical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Armen Sarvazyan
- Artann Laboratories, 1457 Lower Ferry Road, West Trenton, NJ 08618-1414, USA.
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