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Rodríguez-Bies E, Rizo I, Peña-Vázquez M, Fuentes T, López-Lluch G. Pilates with whole body electromyostimulation exercise produces high levels of muscle damage. Sci Sports 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.scispo.2022.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Calistri E, Fuentes T, Morganti R, Sainato A, Manfredi B, Matteucci F, Pasqualetti F, Paiar F. PO-1383 Adjuvant versus salvage radiotherapy in patiens with prostate cancer: a monocentric experience. Radiother Oncol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(22)03347-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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3
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Fuentes T, Calistri E, Sainato A, Manfredi B, Matteucci F, Morganti R, Pasqualetti F, Paiar F. PO-1368 Prophylactic pelvic nodal RT vs only prostate bed irradiation in patients with prostatic cancer. Radiother Oncol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(22)03332-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Calbet JAL, Losa-Reyna J, Torres-Peralta R, Rasmussen P, Ponce-González JG, Sheel AW, de la Calle-Herrero J, Guadalupe-Grau A, Morales-Alamo D, Fuentes T, Rodríguez-García L, Siebenmann C, Boushel R, Lundby C. Limitations to oxygen transport and utilization during sprint exercise in humans: evidence for a functional reserve in muscle O2 diffusing capacity. J Physiol 2015; 593:4649-64. [PMID: 26258623 DOI: 10.1113/jp270408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2015] [Accepted: 08/05/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
To determine the contribution of convective and diffusive limitations to V̇(O2peak) during exercise in humans, oxygen transport and haemodynamics were measured in 11 men (22 ± 2 years) during incremental (IE) and 30 s all-out cycling sprints (Wingate test, WgT), in normoxia (Nx, P(IO2): 143 mmHg) and hypoxia (Hyp, P(IO2): 73 mmHg). Carboxyhaemoglobin (COHb) was increased to 6-7% before both WgTs to left-shift the oxyhaemoglobin dissociation curve. Leg V̇(O2) was measured by the Fick method and leg blood flow (BF) with thermodilution, and muscle O2 diffusing capacity (D(MO2)) was calculated. In the WgT mean power output, leg BF, leg O2 delivery and leg V̇(O2) were 7, 5, 28 and 23% lower in Hyp than Nx (P < 0.05); however, peak WgT D(MO2) was higher in Hyp (51.5 ± 9.7) than Nx (20.5 ± 3.0 ml min(-1) mmHg(-1), P < 0.05). Despite a similar P(aO2) (33.3 ± 2.4 and 34.1 ± 3.3 mmHg), mean capillary P(O2) (16.7 ± 1.2 and 17.1 ± 1.6 mmHg), and peak perfusion during IE and WgT in Hyp, D(MO2) and leg V̇(O2) were 12 and 14% higher, respectively, during WgT than IE in Hyp (both P < 0.05). D(MO2) was insensitive to COHb (COHb: 0.7 vs. 7%, in IE Hyp and WgT Hyp). At exhaustion, the Y equilibration index was well above 1.0 in both conditions, reflecting greater convective than diffusive limitation to the O2 transfer in both Nx and Hyp. In conclusion, muscle V̇(O2) during sprint exercise is not limited by O2 delivery, O2 offloading from haemoglobin or structure-dependent diffusion constraints in the skeletal muscle. These findings reveal a remarkable functional reserve in muscle O2 diffusing capacity.
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Affiliation(s)
- José A L Calbet
- Department of Physical Education, University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Campus Universitario de Tafira s/n, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Canary Islands, 35017, Spain.,Research Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences (IUIBS), University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, 35016 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Canary Islands, Spain
| | - José Losa-Reyna
- Department of Physical Education, University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Campus Universitario de Tafira s/n, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Canary Islands, 35017, Spain.,Research Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences (IUIBS), University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, 35016 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Canary Islands, Spain
| | - Rafael Torres-Peralta
- Department of Physical Education, University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Campus Universitario de Tafira s/n, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Canary Islands, 35017, Spain.,Research Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences (IUIBS), University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, 35016 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Canary Islands, Spain
| | - Peter Rasmussen
- Center for Integrative Human Physiology, Institute of Physiology, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Jesús Gustavo Ponce-González
- Department of Physical Education, University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Campus Universitario de Tafira s/n, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Canary Islands, 35017, Spain.,Research Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences (IUIBS), University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, 35016 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Canary Islands, Spain
| | - A William Sheel
- School of Kinesiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Jaime de la Calle-Herrero
- Department of Physical Education, University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Campus Universitario de Tafira s/n, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Canary Islands, 35017, Spain
| | - Amelia Guadalupe-Grau
- Department of Physical Education, University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Campus Universitario de Tafira s/n, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Canary Islands, 35017, Spain.,Research Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences (IUIBS), University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, 35016 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Canary Islands, Spain
| | - David Morales-Alamo
- Department of Physical Education, University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Campus Universitario de Tafira s/n, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Canary Islands, 35017, Spain.,Research Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences (IUIBS), University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, 35016 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Canary Islands, Spain
| | - Teresa Fuentes
- Department of Physical Education, University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Campus Universitario de Tafira s/n, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Canary Islands, 35017, Spain
| | - Lorena Rodríguez-García
- Department of Physical Education, University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Campus Universitario de Tafira s/n, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Canary Islands, 35017, Spain
| | - Christoph Siebenmann
- Center for Integrative Human Physiology, Institute of Physiology, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Robert Boushel
- School of Kinesiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.,Åstrand Laboratory, Swedish School of Sport and Health Sciences, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Carsten Lundby
- Center for Integrative Human Physiology, Institute of Physiology, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
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5
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Guerra B, Ponce-González JG, Morales-Alamo D, Guadalupe-Grau A, Kiilerich K, Fuentes T, Ringholm S, Biensø RS, Santana A, Lundby C, Pilegaard H, Calbet JAL. Leptin signaling in skeletal muscle after bed rest in healthy humans. Eur J Appl Physiol 2013; 114:345-57. [PMID: 24292882 DOI: 10.1007/s00421-013-2779-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2013] [Accepted: 11/18/2013] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aimed at determining the effects of bed rest on the skeletal muscle leptin signaling system. METHODS Deltoid and vastus lateralis muscle biopsies and blood samples were obtained from 12 healthy young men (mean ± SD, BMI 22.8 ± 2.7 kg/m(2)) before and after 7 days of bed rest. Leptin receptor isoforms (OB-Rs), suppressor of cytokine signaling 3 (SOCS3) and protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B (PTP1B) protein expression and signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) phosphorylation were analyzed by Western blot. RESULTS After bed rest basal insulin concentration was increased by 53% (P < 0.05), the homeostasis model assessment (HOMA) by 40% (P < 0.05), and serum leptin concentration by 35% (P < 0.05) with no changes in body fat mass. Although the soluble isoform of the leptin receptor (s-OBR) remained unchanged, the molar excess of leptin over sOB-R was increased by 1.4-fold after bed rest (P < 0.05). OB-Rs and SOCS3 protein expression, and STAT3 phosphorylation level remained unaffected in deltoid and vastus lateralis by bed rest, as PTP1B in the deltoid. PTP1B was increased by 90% with bed rest in the vastus lateralis (P < 0.05). There was a linear relationship between the increase in vastus lateralis PTP1B and the increase in both basal insulin concentrations (r = 0.66, P < 0.05) and HOMA (r = 0.68, P < 0.05) with bed rest. CONCLUSIONS One week of bed rest is associated with increased leptin levels without augmenting STAT3 phosphorylation indicating some degree of leptin resistance in skeletal muscle, which can be explained, at least in part, by an elevation of PTP1B protein content in the vastus lateralis muscle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Borja Guerra
- Departamento de Educación Física, University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Campus Universitario de Tafira, 35017, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Canary Island, Spain,
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6
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Fuentes T, Ponce-González JG, Morales-Alamo D, de Torres-Peralta R, Santana A, De Pablos-Velasco P, Olmedillas H, Guadalupe-Grau A, Rodríguez-García L, Serrano-Sanchez JA, Guerra B, Calbet JAL. Isoinertial and isokinetic sprints: muscle signalling. Int J Sports Med 2012. [PMID: 23180212 DOI: 10.1055/s-0032-1312583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
To determine if the muscle signalling response to a 30 s all-out sprint exercise is modulated by the exercise mode and the endocrine response, 27 healthy volunteers were divided in 2 groups that performed isokinetic (10 men and 5 women) and isoinertial (7 men and 5 women) Wingate tests. Blood samples and vastus lateralis muscle biopsies were taken before, immediately after, 30 and 120 min after the sprints. Groups were comparable in age, height, body weight, percentage of body fat, peak power per kg of lower extremities lean mass (Pmax) and muscle fibre types. However, the isoinertial group achieved a 25% greater mean power (Pmean). Sprint exercise elicited marked increases in the musculus vastus lateralis AMPKα, ACCβ, STAT3, STAT5 and ERK1/2 phosphorylation (all P<0.05). The AMPKα, STAT3, and ERK1/2 phosphorylation responses were more marked after the isoinertial than isokinetic test (interaction: P<0.01). The differences in muscle signalling could not be accounted for by differences in Pmax, although Pmean could explain part of the difference in AMPKα phosphorylation. The leptin, insulin, glucose, GH, IL-6, and lactate response were similar in both groups. In conclusion, the muscle signalling response to sprint exercise differs between isoinertial and isokinetic sprints.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Fuentes
- Department of Physical Education, University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Campus Universitario de Tafira s/n, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, 35017, Spain
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7
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Derbré F, Gomez-Cabrera MC, Nascimento AL, Sanchis-Gomar F, Martinez-Bello VE, Tresguerres JAF, Fuentes T, Gratas-Delamarche A, Monsalve M, Viña J. Age associated low mitochondrial biogenesis may be explained by lack of response of PGC-1α to exercise training. Age (Dordr) 2012; 34:669-79. [PMID: 21590341 PMCID: PMC3337936 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-011-9264-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2010] [Accepted: 04/28/2011] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Low mitochondriogenesis is critical to explain loss of muscle function in aging and in the development of frailty. The aim of this work was to explain the mechanism by which mitochondriogenesis is decreased in aging and to determine to which extent it may be prevented by exercise training. We used aged rats and compared them with peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ coactivator-1α deleted mice (PGC-1α KO). PGC-1α KO mice showed a significant decrease in the mitochondriogenic pathway in muscle. In aged rats, we found a loss of exercise-induced expression of PGC-1α, nuclear respiratory factor-1 (NRF-1), and of cytochrome C. Thus muscle mitochondriogenesis, which is activated by exercise training in young animals, is not in aged or PGC-1α KO ones. Other stimuli to increase PGC-1α synthesis apart from exercise training, namely cold induction or thyroid hormone treatment, were effective in young rats but not in aged ones. To sum up, the low mitochondrial biogenesis associated with aging may be due to the lack of response of PGC-1α to different stimuli. Aged rats behave as PGC-1α KO mice. Results reported here highlight the role of PGC-1α in the loss of mitochondriogenesis associated with aging and point to this important transcriptional coactivator as a target for pharmacological interventions to prevent age-associated sarcopenia.
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MESH Headings
- Aging/genetics
- Aging/metabolism
- Aging/pathology
- Animals
- Blotting, Western
- Disease Models, Animal
- Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel
- Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental
- Male
- Mice
- Microscopy, Electron
- Mitochondria, Heart/metabolism
- Mitochondria, Heart/ultrastructure
- Organelle Biogenesis
- Oxidative Stress/physiology
- Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor Gamma Coactivator 1-alpha
- Physical Conditioning, Animal/physiology
- RNA, Messenger/biosynthesis
- RNA, Messenger/genetics
- RNA-Binding Proteins/biosynthesis
- RNA-Binding Proteins/genetics
- Rats
- Rats, Wistar
- Sarcopenia/genetics
- Sarcopenia/metabolism
- Sarcopenia/pathology
- Transcription Factors/biosynthesis
- Transcription Factors/genetics
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Affiliation(s)
- Frederic Derbré
- Laboratory “Movement Sport and Health Sciences”, University Rennes, Rennes, France
| | - Mari Carmen Gomez-Cabrera
- Department of Physiology, University of Valencia, Fundacion Investigacion Hospital Clinico Universitario/INCLIVA, Valencia, Spain
| | - Ana Lucia Nascimento
- Department of Physiology, University of Valencia, Fundacion Investigacion Hospital Clinico Universitario/INCLIVA, Valencia, Spain
| | - Fabian Sanchis-Gomar
- Department of Physiology, University of Valencia, Fundacion Investigacion Hospital Clinico Universitario/INCLIVA, Valencia, Spain
| | - Vladimir Essau Martinez-Bello
- Department of Physiology, University of Valencia, Fundacion Investigacion Hospital Clinico Universitario/INCLIVA, Valencia, Spain
| | | | - Teresa Fuentes
- Department of Physical Education, University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Canary Island, Spain
| | | | - Maria Monsalve
- Fundación Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jose Viña
- Department of Physiology, University of Valencia, Fundacion Investigacion Hospital Clinico Universitario/INCLIVA, Valencia, Spain
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Valencia, Av. Blasco Ibañez, 15, Valencia, 46010 Spain
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Boushel R, Fuentes T, Hellsten Y, Saltin B. Opposing effects of nitric oxide and prostaglandin inhibition on muscle mitochondrial Vo(2) during exercise. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 2012; 303:R94-100. [PMID: 22552792 DOI: 10.1152/ajpregu.00044.2012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Nitric oxide (NO) and prostaglandins (PG) together play a role in regulating blood flow during exercise. NO also regulates mitochondrial oxygen consumption through competitive binding to cytochrome-c oxidase. Indomethacin uncouples and inhibits the electron transport chain in a concentration-dependent manner, and thus, inhibition of NO and PG synthesis may regulate both muscle oxygen delivery and utilization. The purpose of this study was to examine the independent and combined effects of NO and PG synthesis blockade (L-NMMA and indomethacin, respectively) on mitochondrial respiration in human muscle following knee extension exercise (KEE). Specifically, this study examined the physiological effect of NO, and the pharmacological effect of indomethacin, on muscle mitochondrial function. Consistent with their mechanism of action, we hypothesized that inhibition of nitric oxide synthase (NOS) and PG synthesis would have opposite effects on muscle mitochondrial respiration. Mitochondrial respiration was measured ex vivo by high-resolution respirometry in saponin-permeabilized fibers following 6 min KEE in control (CON; n = 8), arterial infusion of N(G)-monomethyl-L-arginine (L-NMMA; n = 4) and Indo (n = 4) followed by combined inhibition of NOS and PG synthesis (L-NMMA + Indo, n = 8). ADP-stimulated state 3 respiration (OXPHOS) with substrates for complex I (glutamate, malate) was reduced 50% by Indo. State 3 O(2) flux with complex I and II substrates was reduced less with both Indo (20%) and L-NMMA + Indo (15%) compared with CON. The results indicate that indomethacin reduces state 3 mitochondrial respiration primarily at complex I of the respiratory chain, while blockade of NOS by L-NMMA counteracts the inhibition by Indo. This effect on muscle mitochondria, in concert with a reduction of blood flow accounts for in vivo changes in muscle O(2) consumption during combined blockade of NOS and PG synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Boushel
- Heart and Circulatory Unit, Department of Biomedical Sciences; Mitochondrial Research Laboratory, Department of Anaesthesia Bispebjerg Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
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Ponce-González JG, Guadalupe-Grau A, Rodríguez-González FG, Dorado C, Olmedillas H, Fuentes T, Rodríguez-García L, Díaz-Chico BN, Calbet JAL. Androgen receptor gene polymorphisms and the fat-bone axis in young men and women. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011; 33:644-50. [PMID: 21940984 DOI: 10.2164/jandrol.111.014415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Androgen receptor (AR) CAG(n) (polyglutamine) and GGN(n) (polyglycine) repeat polymorphisms determine part of the androgenic effect and may influence adiposity. The association of fat mass, and its regional distribution, with the AR CAG(n) and GGN(n) polymorphisms was studied in 319 and 78 physically active nonsmoker men and women (mean ± SD: 28.3 ± 7.6 and 24.8 ± 6.2 years old, respectively). The length of CAG and GGN repeats was determined by polymerase chain reaction and fragment analysis, and confirmed by DNA sequencing of selected samples. Men were grouped as CAG short (CAG(S)) if harboring repeat lengths ≤ 21, the rest as CAG long (CAG(L)). The corresponding cutoff CAG number for women was 22. GGN was considered short (GGN(S)) if GGN ≤ 23, the rest as GGN long (GGN(L)). No association between AR polymorphisms and adiposity or the hormonal variables was observed in men. Neither was there a difference in the studied variables between men harboring CAG(L) + GGN(L),CAG(S) + GGN(S),CAG(S) + GGN(L), and CAG(L) + GGN(S) combinations. However, in women, GGN(n) was linearly related to the percentage of body fat (r = 0.30, P < .05), the percentage of fat in the trunk (r = 0.28, P < .05), serum leptin concentration (r = 0.40, P < .05), and serum osteocalcin concentration (r = 0.32, P < .05). In men, free testosterone was inversely associated with adiposity and serum leptin concentration, and positively with osteocalcin, even after accounting for differences in CAG(n), GGN(n), or both. In summary, this study shows that the AR repeat polymorphism has little influence on absolute and relative fat mass or its regional distribution in physically active men. In young women, GGN length is positively associated with adiposity, leptin, and osteocalcin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesú Gustavo Ponce-González
- Department of Physical Education, University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Campus Universitario de Tafira s/n, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
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10
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Fuentes T, Guerra B, Ponce-González JG, Morales-Alamo D, Guadalupe-Grau A, Olmedillas H, Rodríguez-García L, Feijoo D, De Pablos-Velasco P, Fernández-Pérez L, Santana A, Calbet JAL. Skeletal muscle signaling response to sprint exercise in men and women. Eur J Appl Physiol 2011; 112:1917-27. [PMID: 21928060 DOI: 10.1007/s00421-011-2164-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2011] [Accepted: 09/02/2011] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
To determine if there is a sex dimorphism in the skeletal muscle signaling response to sprint exercise, 17 men and ten women performed a 30-s Wingate test. Muscle biopsies were taken before, immediately after the exercise and at 30 and 120 min during the recovery period. Thr(172)-AMPKα, Ser(221)-ACCβ, Thy(705)-STAT3, Thr(202)/Thy(204)-ERK1/2 and Thr(180)/Thy(182)-p38MAPK phosphorylation responses to sprint exercise were not statistically different between men and women. AMPKα phosphorylation was enhanced fourfold 30 min after the sprint exercise in males and females (P < 0.01). ACCβ phosphorylation was enhanced by about threefold just after the sprint test exercise and 30 min into the recovery period in males and females (P < 0.01). STAT3 phosphorylation was increased 2 h after the Wingate test compared to the value observed right after the end of the exercise (P < 0.05), and 30 min after the Wingate test there was a 2.5-fold increase in ERK1/2 phosphorylation, compared to both the pre-exercise and to the value observed right after the Wingate test (both, P < 0.05). In conclusion, the skeletal muscle signaling response to a single bout of sprint exercise mediated by AMPK, ACC, STAT3, ERK and p38MAPK is not statistically different between men and women. Marked increases in AMPKα, ACCβ, STAT3 and ERK phosphorylation were observed after a single 30-s all-out sprint (Wingate test) in the vastus lateralis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teresa Fuentes
- Department of Physical Education, Campus Universitario de Tafira, University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, 35017 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
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11
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Guerra B, Olmedillas H, Guadalupe-Grau A, Ponce-González JG, Morales-Alamo D, Fuentes T, Chapinal E, Fernández-Pérez L, De Pablos-Velasco P, Santana A, Calbet JAL. Is sprint exercise a leptin signaling mimetic in human skeletal muscle? J Appl Physiol (1985) 2011; 111:715-25. [PMID: 21659488 DOI: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00805.2010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
This study was designed to determine whether sprint exercise activates signaling cascades linked to leptin actions in human skeletal muscle and how this pattern of activation may be interfered by glucose ingestion. Muscle biopsies were obtained in 15 young healthy men in response to a 30-s sprint exercise (Wingate test) randomly distributed into two groups: the fasting (n = 7, C) and the glucose group (n = 8, G), who ingested 75 g of glucose 1 h before the Wingate test. Exercise elicited different patterns of JAK2, STAT3, STAT5, ERK1/2, p38 MAPK phosphorylation, and SOCS3 protein expression during the recovery period after glucose ingestion. Thirty minutes after the control sprint, STAT3 and ERK1/2 phosphorylation levels were augmented (both, P < 0.05). SOCS3 protein expression was increased 120 min after the control sprint but PTP1B protein expression was unaffected. Thirty and 120 min after the control sprint, STAT5 phosphorylation was augmented (P < 0.05). Glucose abolished the 30 min STAT3 and ERK1/2 phosphorylation and the 120 min SOCS3 protein expression increase while retarding the STAT5 phosphorylation response to sprint. Activation of these signaling cascades occurred despite a reduction of circulating leptin concentration after the sprint. Basal JAK2 and p38 MAPK phosphorylation levels were reduced and increased (both P < 0.05), respectively, by glucose ingestion prior to exercise. During recovery, JAK2 phosphorylation was unchanged and p38 MAPK phosphorylation was transiently reduced when the exercise was preceded by glucose ingestion. In conclusion, sprint exercise performed under fasting conditions is a leptin signaling mimetic in human skeletal muscle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Borja Guerra
- Department of Physical Education, University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
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12
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Olmedillas H, Guerra B, Guadalupe-Grau A, Santana A, Fuentes T, Dorado C, Serrano-Sanchez J, Calbet JAL. Training, Leptin Receptors and SOCS3 in Human Muscle. Int J Sports Med 2011; 32:319-26. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0030-1269892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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13
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Guadalupe-Grau A, Rodríguez-González FG, Ponce-González JG, Dorado C, Olmedillas H, Fuentes T, Pérez-Gómez J, Sanchís-Moysi J, Díaz-Chico BN, Calbet JAL. Bone mass and the CAG and GGN androgen receptor polymorphisms in young men. PLoS One 2010; 5:e11529. [PMID: 20634949 PMCID: PMC2902510 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0011529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2010] [Accepted: 06/17/2010] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background To determine whether androgen receptor (AR) CAG (polyglutamine) and GGN (polyglycine) polymorphisms influence bone mineral density (BMD), osteocalcin and free serum testosterone concentration in young men. Methodology/Principal Findings Whole body, lumbar spine and femoral bone mineral content (BMC) and BMD, Dual X-ray Absorptiometry (DXA), AR repeat polymorphisms (PCR), osteocalcin and free testosterone (ELISA) were determined in 282 healthy men (28.6±7.6 years). Individuals were grouped as CAG short (CAGS) if harboring repeat lengths of ≤21 or CAG long (CAGL) if CAG >21, and GGN was considered short (GGNS) or long (GGNL) if GGN ≤23 or >23. There was an inverse association between logarithm of CAG and GGN length and Ward's Triangle BMC (r = −0.15 and −0.15, P<0.05, age and height adjusted). No associations between CAG or GGN repeat length and regional BMC or BMD were observed after adjusting for age. Whole body and regional BMC and BMD values were similar in men harboring CAGS, CAGL, GGNS or GGNL AR repeat polymorphisms. Men harboring the combination CAGL+GGNL had 6.3 and 4.4% higher lumbar spine BMC and BMD than men with the haplotype CAGS+GGNS (both P<0.05). Femoral neck BMD was 4.8% higher in the CAGS+GGNS compared with the CAGL+GGNS men (P<0.05). CAGS, CAGL, GGNS, GGNL men had similar osteocalcin concentration as well as the four CAG-GGN haplotypes studied. Conclusion AR polymorphisms have an influence on BMC and BMD in healthy adult humans, which cannot be explained through effects in osteoblastic activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amelia Guadalupe-Grau
- Department of Physical Education, University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Canary Islands, Spain
| | - Francisco Germán Rodríguez-González
- Molecular Endocrinology Group, Department of Biochemistry and Physiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Las Palmas of Gran Canaria, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Canary Islands, Spain
- Canary Islands Cancer Research Institute (ICIC), Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Canary Islands, Spain
| | - Jesús Gustavo Ponce-González
- Department of Physical Education, University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Canary Islands, Spain
| | - Cecilia Dorado
- Department of Physical Education, University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Canary Islands, Spain
| | - Hugo Olmedillas
- Department of Physical Education, University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Canary Islands, Spain
| | - Teresa Fuentes
- Department of Physical Education, University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Canary Islands, Spain
| | - Jorge Pérez-Gómez
- Department of Physical Education, University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Canary Islands, Spain
| | - Joaquín Sanchís-Moysi
- Department of Physical Education, University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Canary Islands, Spain
| | - Bonifacio Nicolás Díaz-Chico
- Molecular Endocrinology Group, Department of Biochemistry and Physiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Las Palmas of Gran Canaria, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Canary Islands, Spain
- Canary Islands Cancer Research Institute (ICIC), Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Canary Islands, Spain
| | - José A. L. Calbet
- Department of Physical Education, University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Canary Islands, Spain
- * E-mail:
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Ponce-Gonzalez JG, Morales-Alamo D, Fuentes T, Guadalupe-Grau A, Olmedillas H, Rodriguez-Garcia L, Losa J, Feijoo D, Santana A, Calbet JAL, Guerra B. AMPK Phosporylation, Sirt1 And PGC-1a Protein Expression After Sprint Exercise In Fed And Fasted Conditions. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2010. [DOI: 10.1249/01.mss.0000386392.67551.29] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Guadalupe-Grau A, Ponce-Gonzalez JG, Morales-Alamo D, Rodriguez-Garcia L, Fuentes T, Losa J, Feijoo D, Olmedillas H, Santana A, Guerra B, Calbet JA. Influence of Hypoxia and Oxidative Stress on Plasma Leptin Responses to Sprint Exercise in Humans. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2010. [DOI: 10.1249/01.mss.0000385759.62638.07] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Alamo DM, Ponce-González JG, Guadalupe-Grau A, Olmedillas H, Fuentes T, Rodríguez-García L, González-Freire M, Losa J, Feijo D, Guerra B, Calbet JAL. Is Oxidative Stress Involved In Fatigue During High Intensity Sprint Exercise In Severe Acute Hypoxia? Med Sci Sports Exerc 2010. [DOI: 10.1249/01.mss.0000385037.08856.37] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Olmedillas H, Sanchis-Moysi J, Fuentes T, Guadalupe-Grau A, Ponce-González JG, Morales-Alamo D, Santana A, Dorado C, Calbet JAL, Guerra B. Muscle hypertrophy and increased expression of leptin receptors in the musculus triceps brachii of the dominant arm in professional tennis players. Eur J Appl Physiol 2010; 108:749-58. [PMID: 20187280 DOI: 10.1007/s00421-009-1281-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
In rodents, endurance training increases leptin sensitivity in skeletal muscle; however, little is known about the effects of exercise on the leptin signalling system in human skeletal muscle. Thus, to determine whether chronic muscle loading increases leptin receptor (OB-R170) protein expression, body composition dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry was assessed in nine professional male tennis players (24 +/- 4 years old) and muscle biopsies were obtained from the dominant (DTB) and non-dominant (NDTB) arm triceps brachii (TB), and also from the right vastus lateralis (VL). In each biopsy, the protein content of OB-R170, perilipin A, suppressor of cytokine signalling 3 (SOCS3), protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B (PTP1B) and signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) phosphorylation were determined by western blot. The DTB had 15% greater lean mass (P < 0.05) and 62% greater OB-R170 protein expression (P < 0.05) than the NDTB. SOCS3 and PTP1B protein expression was similar in both arms, while STAT3 phosphorylation was reduced in the NDTB. OB-R170 protein content was also higher in DTB than in VL (P < 0.05). In summary, this study shows that the functional isoform of the leptin receptor is up-regulated in the hypertrophied TB. The latter combined with the fact that both SOCS3 and PTP1B protein expression were unaltered is compatible with increased leptin sensitivity in this muscle. Our findings are also consistent with a role of leptin signalling in muscle hypertrophy in healthy humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hugo Olmedillas
- Department of Physical Education, University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Campus Universitario de Tafira s/n, 35017 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Canary Island, Spain
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18
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Guerra B, Guadalupe-Grau A, Fuentes T, Ponce-González JG, Morales-Alamo D, Olmedillas H, Guillén-Salgado J, Santana A, Calbet JAL. SIRT1, AMP-activated protein kinase phosphorylation and downstream kinases in response to a single bout of sprint exercise: influence of glucose ingestion. Eur J Appl Physiol 2010; 109:731-43. [PMID: 20217115 DOI: 10.1007/s00421-010-1413-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/17/2010] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
This study was designed to examine potential in vivo mechanisms of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) phosphorylation inhibition and its downstream signaling consequences during the recovery period after a single bout of sprint exercise. Sprint exercise induces Thr(172)-AMPK phosphorylation and increased PGC-1alpha mRNA, by an unknown mechanism. Muscle biopsies were obtained in 15 young healthy men in response to a 30-s sprint exercise (Wingate test) randomly distributed into two groups: the fasting (n = 7, C) and the glucose group (n = 8, G), who ingested 75 g of glucose 1 h before exercising to inhibit AMPKalpha phosphorylation. Exercise elicited different patterns of Ser(221)-ACCbeta, Ser(473)-Akt and Thr(642)-AS160 phosphorylation, during the recovery period after glucose ingestion. Thirty minutes after the control sprint, Ser(485)-AMPKalpha1/Ser(491)-AMPKalpha2 phosphorylation was reduced by 33% coinciding with increased Thr(172)-AMPKalpha phosphorylation (both, P < 0.05). Glucose abolished the 30-min Thr(172)-AMPKalpha phosphorylation. Ser(221)-ACCbeta phosphorylation was elevated immediately following and 30 min after exercise in C and G, implying a dissociation between Thr(172)-AMPKalpha and Ser(221)-ACCbeta phosphorylation. Two hours after the sprint, PGC-1alpha protein expression remained unchanged while SIRT1 (its upstream deacetylase) was increased. Glucose ingestion abolished the SIRT1 response without any significant effect on PGC-1alpha protein expression. In conclusion, glucose ingestion prior to a sprint exercise profoundly affects Thr(172)-AMPKalpha phosphorylation and its downstream signaling during the recovery period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Borja Guerra
- Department of Physical Education, University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Campus Universitario de Tafira, 35017, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Canary Islands, Spain
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Fuentes T, Ara I, Guadalupe-Grau A, Larsen S, Stallknecht B, Olmedillas H, Santana A, Helge JW, Calbet JAL, Guerra B. Leptin receptor 170 kDa (OB-R170) protein expression is reduced in obese human skeletal muscle: a potential mechanism of leptin resistance. Exp Physiol 2009; 95:160-71. [PMID: 19717488 DOI: 10.1113/expphysiol.2009.049270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
To examine whether obesity-associated leptin resistance could be due to down-regulation of leptin receptors (OB-Rs) and/or up-regulation of suppressor of cytokine signalling 3 (SOCS3) and protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B (PTP1B) in skeletal muscle, which blunt janus kinase 2-dependent leptin signalling and signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) phosphorylation and reduce AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and acetyl-coenzyme A carboxylase (ACC) phosphorylation. Deltoid and vastus lateralis muscle biopsies were obtained from 20 men: 10 non-obese control subjects (mean +/- s.d. age, 31 +/- 5 years; height, 184 +/- 9 cm; weight, 91 +/- 13 kg; and percentage body fat, 24.8 +/- 5.8%) and 10 obese (age, 30 +/- 7 years; height, 184 +/- 8 cm; weight, 115 +/- 8 kg; and percentage body fat, 34.9 +/- 5.1%). Skeletal muscle OB-R170 (OB-R long isoform) protein expression was 28 and 25% lower (both P < 0.05) in arm and leg muscles, respectively, of obese men compared with control subjects. In normal-weight subjects, SOCS3 protein expression, and STAT3, AMPKalpha and ACCbeta phosphorylation, were similar in the deltoid and vastus lateralis muscles. In obese subjects, the deltoid muscle had a greater amount of leptin receptors than the vastus lateralis, whilst SOCS3 protein expression was increased and basal STAT3, AMPKalpha and ACCbeta phosphorylation levels were reduced in the vastus lateralis compared with the deltoid muscle (all P < 0.05). In summary, skeletal muscle leptin receptors and leptin signalling are reduced in obesity, particularly in the leg muscles.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Fuentes
- Department of Physical Education, University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Campus Universitario de Tafira, 35017 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Canary Island, Spain
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Guadalupe-Grau A, Rodríguez-González FG, Dorado C, Olmedillas H, Fuentes T, Pérez-Gómez J, Delgado-Guerra S, Vicente-Rodríguez G, Ara I, Guerra B, Arteaga-Ortiz R, Calbet JAL, Díaz-Chico BN. Androgen receptor gene polymorphisms lean mass and performance in young men. Br J Sports Med 2009; 45:95-100. [PMID: 19617210 DOI: 10.1136/bjsm.2009.060285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
The exon-1 of the androgen receptor (AR) gene contains two repeat length polymorphisms which modify either the amount of AR protein inside the cell (GGN(n), polyglycine) or its transcriptional activity (CAG(n), polyglutamine). Shorter CAG and/or GGN repeats provide stronger androgen signalling and vice versa. To test the hypothesis that CAG and GGN repeat AR polymorphisms affect muscle mass and various variables of muscular strength phenotype traits, the length of CAG and GGN repeats was determined by PCR and fragment analysis and confirmed by DNA sequencing of selected samples in 282 men (28.6 ± 7.6 years). Individuals were grouped as CAG short (CAG(S)) if harbouring repeat lengths of ≤ 21 and CAG long (CAG(L)) if CAG >21. GGN was considered short (GGN(S)) or long (GGN(L)) if GGN ≤ 23 or >23, respectively. No significant differences in lean body mass or fitness were observed between the CAG(S) and CAG(L) groups, or between GGN(S) and GGN(L) groups, but a trend for a correlation was found for the GGN repeat and lean mass of the extremities (r=-0.11, p=0.06). In summary, the lengths of CAG and GGN repeat of the AR gene do not appear to influence lean mass or fitness in young men.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amelia Guadalupe-Grau
- Department of Physical Education, University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Campus Universitario de Tafi ra s/n, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, 35017, Spain
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Fuentes T, Guadalupe-Grau A, Olmedillas H, Delgado-Guerra S, Ponze-González JG, Morales-Álamo D, Rodríguez-García L, Guerra B, López-Calbet JA, Dorado C. Plasma Free Testosterone, Regional Fat Mass And Plasma Leptin Concentration In Men. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2009. [DOI: 10.1249/01.mss.0000355577.81868.e3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Affiliation(s)
- Amelia Guadalupe-Grau
- Department of Physical Education, University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Canary Islands, Spain
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23
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Ponce-González JG, Rodríguez-González FG, Guadalupe-Grau A, Fuentes T, Pérez-Gómez J, Olmedillas H, Delgado-Guerra S, Rodríguez-García L, Dorado C, Calbet JAL, Díaz-Chico N. Androgen Receptor Gene Repeat Polymorphism, Leptin And Fat Mass In Young Men And Women. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2009. [DOI: 10.1249/01.mss.0000356133.74694.d0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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24
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Guerra B, Fuentes T, Delgado-Guerra S, Guadalupe-Grau A, Olmedillas H, Santana A, Ponce-Gonzalez JG, Dorado C, Calbet JAL. Gender dimorphism in skeletal muscle leptin receptors, serum leptin and insulin sensitivity. PLoS One 2008; 3:e3466. [PMID: 18941624 PMCID: PMC2565105 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0003466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2008] [Accepted: 09/01/2008] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
To determine if there is a gender dimorphism in the expression of leptin receptors (OB-R170, OB-R128 and OB-R98) and the protein suppressor of cytokine signaling 3 (SOCS3) in human skeletal muscle, the protein expression of OB-R, perilipin A, SOCS3 and alpha-tubulin was assessed by Western blot in muscle biopsies obtained from the m. vastus lateralis in thirty-four men (age = 27.1+/-6.8 yr) and thirty-three women (age = 26.7+/-6.7 yr). Basal serum insulin concentration and HOMA were similar in both genders. Serum leptin concentration was 3.4 times higher in women compared to men (P<0.05) and this difference remained significant after accounting for the differences in percentage of body fat or soluble leptin receptor. OB-R protein was 41% (OB-R170, P<0.05) and 163% (OB-R128, P<0.05) greater in women than men. There was no relationship between OB-R expression and the serum concentrations of leptin or 17beta-estradiol. In men, muscle OB-R128 protein was inversely related to serum free testosterone. In women, OB-R98 and OB-R128 were inversely related to total serum testosterone concentration, and OB-R128 to serum free testosterone concentration. SOCS3 protein expression was similar in men and women and was not related to OB-R. In women, there was an inverse relationship between the logarithm of free testosterone and SCOS3 protein content in skeletal muscle (r = -0.46, P<0.05). In summary, there is a gender dimorphism in skeletal muscle leptin receptors expression, which can be partly explained by the influence of testosterone. SOCS3 expression in skeletal muscle is not up-regulated in women, despite very high serum leptin concentrations compared to men. The circulating form of the leptin receptor can not be used as a surrogate measure of the amount of leptin receptors expressed in skeletal muscles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Borja Guerra
- Department of Physical Education, University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Campus Universitario de Tafira s/n, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
| | - Teresa Fuentes
- Department of Physical Education, University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Campus Universitario de Tafira s/n, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
| | - Safira Delgado-Guerra
- Department of Physical Education, University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Campus Universitario de Tafira s/n, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
| | - Amelia Guadalupe-Grau
- Department of Physical Education, University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Campus Universitario de Tafira s/n, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
| | - Hugo Olmedillas
- Department of Physical Education, University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Campus Universitario de Tafira s/n, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
| | - Alfredo Santana
- Department of Physical Education, University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Campus Universitario de Tafira s/n, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
- Genetic Unit, Chilhood Hospital-Materno Infantil de Las Palmas, del Sur s/n, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
- Research Unit, Hospital de Gran Canaria Dr. Negrín, Bco Ballena s/n, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
| | - Jesus Gustavo Ponce-Gonzalez
- Department of Physical Education, University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Campus Universitario de Tafira s/n, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
| | - Cecilia Dorado
- Department of Physical Education, University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Campus Universitario de Tafira s/n, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
| | - José A. L. Calbet
- Department of Physical Education, University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Campus Universitario de Tafira s/n, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
- * E-mail:
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Graell J, Lopez M, Fuentes T, Echeverría G, Lara I. Quality and Volatile Emission Changes of `Mondial Gala' Apples during On-tree Maturation and Postharvest Storage in Air or Controlled Atmosphere. FOOD SCI TECHNOL INT 2008. [DOI: 10.1177/1082013208094119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Starch index (SI), color, firmness, titratable acidity (TA), soluble solids content (SSC), ethylene production, and aroma volatile emission were recorded weekly during on-tree maturation of `Mondial Gala' apples. Fruit were harvested on commercial date and held for 3.5 and 6.5 months in regular atmosphere (RA) or in three controlled atmospheres (CA) (2% O2 :2% CO2, 1% O2 : 1 % CO2 and 1% O2 :3% CO2). After each storage period plus 0 and 7 days at 20 °C, color, firmness, TA, SSC, aroma volatile emission, acetaldehyde and ethanol concentrations, and sensory acceptability were evaluated. At orchard, changes in SI, SSC, background color, and aroma volatile emission were almost concomitant or slightly previous to the increase in ethylene production. During storage, all three CA conditions, regardless of storage period, led to better preservation of standard quality. CA-stored fruit also received higher acceptability scores, although aroma volatile emission was decreased in response to these storage conditions. At the end of long storage (plus shelf life period), fruit stored in 1 :1 atmosphere showed a good retention of firmness and TA in comparison to the rest of CA-fruit. Fruit stored under all considered CA conditions showed similar aroma volatile emission after 3.5 or 6.5 months of storage. Storage period had no apparent influence on the aroma volatile emission of CA-stored apples, with the exception of fruit stored in 2:2 atmosphere immediately upon removal from storage. No significant differences in sensory acceptability were found either for fruit stored under different CA conditions during 3.5 months immediately after transfer to 20 °C. In contrast, fruit stored in either 1 : 1 or 2: 2 atmospheres during 6.5 months were better accepted by consumers than those stored in 1 : 3 atmosphere upon removal from cold storage. However, these differences disappeared after 7 days of shelf-life at 20 °C.
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Affiliation(s)
- J. Graell
- Area de Poscosecha, UdL-IRTA, XaRTA Avda. Rovira Roure 191, 25198 Lleida, Spain,
| | - M.L. Lopez
- Area de Poscosecha, UdL-IRTA, XaRTA Avda. Rovira Roure 191, 25198 Lleida, Spain
| | - T. Fuentes
- Area de Poscosecha, UdL-IRTA, XaRTA Avda. Rovira Roure 191, 25198 Lleida, Spain
| | - G. Echeverría
- Area de Poscosecha, UdL-IRTA, XaRTA Avda. Rovira Roure 191, 25198 Lleida, Spain
| | - I. Lara
- Area de Poscosecha, UdL-IRTA, XaRTA Avda. Rovira Roure 191, 25198 Lleida, Spain
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Olmedillas H, Fuentes T, Delgado‐Guerra S, Guadalupe‐Grau A, Bernales O, Dorado C, Santana A, Guerra B, Calbet JA. Effects of combined strength and endurance training on the expression of leptin receptors in human skeletal muscle. FASEB J 2008. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.22.1_supplement.962.7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hugo Olmedillas
- Physical EducationUniversity of Las Palmas de Gran CanariaLas Palmas de Gran CanariaSpain
| | - Teresa Fuentes
- Physical EducationUniversity of Las Palmas de Gran CanariaLas Palmas de Gran CanariaSpain
| | - Safira Delgado‐Guerra
- Physical EducationUniversity of Las Palmas de Gran CanariaLas Palmas de Gran CanariaSpain
| | - Amelia Guadalupe‐Grau
- Physical EducationUniversity of Las Palmas de Gran CanariaLas Palmas de Gran CanariaSpain
| | - Oscar Bernales
- Physical EducationUniversity of Las Palmas de Gran CanariaLas Palmas de Gran CanariaSpain
| | - Cecilia Dorado
- Physical EducationUniversity of Las Palmas de Gran CanariaLas Palmas de Gran CanariaSpain
| | - Alfredo Santana
- Physical EducationUniversity of Las Palmas de Gran CanariaLas Palmas de Gran CanariaSpain
- Genetic UnitChillhood Hospital Materno‐Infantil Las PalmasLas Palmas de Gran CanariaSpain
| | - Borja Guerra
- Physical EducationUniversity of Las Palmas de Gran CanariaLas Palmas de Gran CanariaSpain
| | - Jose Al Calbet
- Physical EducationUniversity of Las Palmas de Gran CanariaLas Palmas de Gran CanariaSpain
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Guerra B, Fuentes T, Delgado‐Guerra S, Guadalupe‐Grau A, Olmedillas H, Santana A, Dorado C, Calbet JA. Gender dymorphism in muscle leptin receptors. FASEB J 2008. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.22.1_supplement.962.3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Borja Guerra
- Physical EducationUniversity of Las Palmas de Gran CanariaLas Palmas de Gran CanariaSpain
| | - Teresa Fuentes
- Physical EducationUniversity of Las Palmas de Gran CanariaLas Palmas de Gran CanariaSpain
| | - Safira Delgado‐Guerra
- Physical EducationUniversity of Las Palmas de Gran CanariaLas Palmas de Gran CanariaSpain
| | - Amelia Guadalupe‐Grau
- Physical EducationUniversity of Las Palmas de Gran CanariaLas Palmas de Gran CanariaSpain
| | - Hugo Olmedillas
- Physical EducationUniversity of Las Palmas de Gran CanariaLas Palmas de Gran CanariaSpain
| | - Alfredo Santana
- Physical EducationUniversity of Las Palmas de Gran CanariaLas Palmas de Gran CanariaSpain
- Genetic UnitChilhood Hospital‐Materno Infantil de Las PalmasLas Palmas de Gran CanariaSpain
| | - Cecilia Dorado
- Physical EducationUniversity of Las Palmas de Gran CanariaLas Palmas de Gran CanariaSpain
| | - José A.L. Calbet
- Physical EducationUniversity of Las Palmas de Gran CanariaLas Palmas de Gran CanariaSpain
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Abstract
Human skeletal muscle expresses leptin receptor mRNA; however, it remains unknown whether leptin receptors (OB-R) are also expressed at the protein level. Fourteen healthy men (age = 33.1 +/- 2.0 yr, height = 175.9 +/- 1.7 cm, body mass = 81.2 +/- 3.8 kg, body fat = 22.5 +/- 1.9%; means +/- SE) participated in this investigation. The expression of OB-R protein was determined in skeletal muscle, subcutaneous adipose tissue, and hypothalamus using a polyclonal rabbit anti-human leptin receptor. Three bands with a molecular mass close to 170, 128, and 98 kDa were identified by Western blot with the anti-OB-R antibody. All three bands were identified in skeletal muscle: the 98-kDa and 170-kDa bands were detected in hypothalamus, and the 98-kDa and 128-kDa bands were detected in thigh subcutaneous adipose tissue. The 128-kDa isoform was not detected in four subjects, whereas in the rest its occurrence was fully explained by the presence of intermuscular adipose tissue, as demonstrated using an anti-perilipin A antibody. No relationship was observed between the basal concentration of leptin in serum and the 170-kDa band density. In conclusion, a long isoform of the leptin receptor with a molecular mass close to 170 kDa is expressed at the protein level in human skeletal muscle. The amount of 170-kDa protein appears to be independent of the basal concentration of leptin in serum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Borja Guerra
- Department of Physical Education, University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Canary Island, Spain.
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Guerra B, Santana A, Fuentes T, Delgado‐Guerra S, Socorro AC, Dorado C, Calbet JAL. Leptin receptors in human skeletal muscle. FASEB J 2007. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.21.6.a942-b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Borja Guerra
- Department of Physical EducationUniversity of Las Palmas de Gran CanariaEdf. Educación Física. Campus Universitario de Tafira s/n., Las Palmas de Gran Canaria35017Spain
| | - Alfredo Santana
- Genetic UnitChilhood Hospital‐Materno Infantil de Las PalmasAvenida Marítima del Sur S/N, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria35016Spain
| | - Teresa Fuentes
- Department of Physical EducationUniversity of Las Palmas de Gran CanariaEdf. Educación Física. Campus Universitario de Tafira s/n., Las Palmas de Gran Canaria35017Spain
| | - Safira Delgado‐Guerra
- Department of Physical EducationUniversity of Las Palmas de Gran CanariaEdf. Educación Física. Campus Universitario de Tafira s/n., Las Palmas de Gran Canaria35017Spain
| | - Alfredo Cabrera Socorro
- Department of AnatomyUniversity of La LagunaFaculty of Medicine. Campus de Ciencias de la Salud. Ofra S/N., Santa Cruz de Tenerife38071Spain
| | - Cecilia Dorado
- Department of Physical EducationUniversity of Las Palmas de Gran CanariaEdf. Educación Física. Campus Universitario de Tafira s/n., Las Palmas de Gran Canaria35017Spain
| | - José AL Calbet
- Department of Physical EducationUniversity of Las Palmas de Gran CanariaEdf. Educación Física. Campus Universitario de Tafira s/n., Las Palmas de Gran Canaria35017Spain
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Calbet JAL, Guerra B, Fuentes T, Delgado‐Guerra S, Dorado C, Santana A. Determination of fat tissue infiltration in human skeletal muscle biopsies. FASEB J 2007. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.21.6.a1357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- José AL Calbet
- Deparment of Physical EducationUniversity of Las Palmas de Gran CanariaEdf. Educación Física. Campus Universitario de Tafira S/N.Las Palmas de Gran Canaria35017Spain
| | - Borja Guerra
- Deparment of Physical EducationUniversity of Las Palmas de Gran CanariaEdf. Educación Física. Campus Universitario de Tafira S/N.Las Palmas de Gran Canaria35017Spain
| | - Teresa Fuentes
- Deparment of Physical EducationUniversity of Las Palmas de Gran CanariaEdf. Educación Física. Campus Universitario de Tafira S/N.Las Palmas de Gran Canaria35017Spain
| | - Safira Delgado‐Guerra
- Deparment of Physical EducationUniversity of Las Palmas de Gran CanariaEdf. Educación Física. Campus Universitario de Tafira S/N.Las Palmas de Gran Canaria35017Spain
| | - Cecilia Dorado
- Deparment of Physical EducationUniversity of Las Palmas de Gran CanariaEdf. Educación Física. Campus Universitario de Tafira S/N.Las Palmas de Gran Canaria35017Spain
| | - Alfredo Santana
- Genetic UnitChilhood Hospital‐Materno Infantil de Las PalmasAvd. Marítima del Sur S/N.Las Palmas de Gran Canaria35016Spain
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Echeverría G, Lara I, Fuentes T, López M, Graell J, Puy J. Assessment of Relationships between Sensory and Instrumental Quality of Controlled-atmosphere-stored ‘Fuji’ Apples by Multivariate Analysis. J Food Sci 2006. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2621.2004.tb09951.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Reblet C, Alejo A, Fuentes T, Pró-Sistiaga P, Mendizabal-Zubiaga J, Bueno-López JL. Expression of calcium-binding proteins in the proliferative zones around the corticostriatal junction of rabbits during pre- and postnatal development. Brain Res Bull 2005; 66:461-4. [PMID: 16144632 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2005.02.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2004] [Accepted: 11/01/2004] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Herein we asked whether cells expressing calcium-binding proteins around the corticostriatal junction are of pallial or subpallial origin. Brains of rabbit embryos between embryonic day E18 and E28 and postnatal day 0-P22 were immunoreacted with monoclonal antibodies raised against calretinin, calbindin and parvalbumin. At E18-E21, calbindin- and calretinin-immunoreactive cells were seen in distinct proliferative zones in the vicinity of the corticostriatal junction. Whereas calbindin-immunoreactive neurons were in the ventricular zone of the ventral pallium (the medial wall of the lateral ventricular angle), calretinin-immunoreactive cells were, nearby, in the subventricular zone of the subpallium at the lateral edge of the lateral ganglionic eminence. From E25 to P22, both calbindin- and calretinin-immunoreactive cells appeared in the pallial ventricular and subventricular zones around the lateral ventricular angle. Some of these cells resembled migratory neuroblasts. Parvalbumin-immunoreactive cells appeared at P5-P10, albeit they were almost negligible in the proliferative zones around the corticostriatal junction and the lateral ventricular angle. The results suggest that a number of the calbindin-expressing neurons that are generated in mid-gestation and postnatally are of pallial origin. They also indicate that only a few of the late-generated calretinin-immunoreactive cells may have a pallial source. The origin of the parvalbumin-immunoreactive cells was not ascertained in the present study.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Reblet
- Department of Neurosciences, School of Medicine and Dentistry, The University of the Basque Country, Leioa, Spain.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Salgado
- Servicio de Medicina Interna, Hospital General Básico de la Serranía, Málaga, Spain.
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Galindo A, Vargas ML, García Estañ J, Fuentes T, Hernández J. Synergistic interaction of diazepam with 3',5'-cyclic adenosine monophosphate-elevating agents on rat aortic rings. Eur J Pharmacol 2001; 428:269-75. [PMID: 11675045 DOI: 10.1016/s0014-2999(01)01335-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
We investigated the effect of the phosphodiesterase type 4 (PDE4) inhibitory activity of diazepam on the arterial wall. To this purpose, we examined the interaction of diazepam with 3',5'-cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cyclic AMP)-elevating agents on vasodilatation and cyclic AMP levels in rat aortic rings precontracted with phenylephrine. The involvement of benzodiazepine receptors was also studied. Diazepam (5-100 microM) produced a relaxation of this preparation which was neither mimicked by gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), nor antagonized by flumazenil and 1-(2-chlorophenyl)-N-methyl-N-(1-methylpropyl)-3-isoquinolinecarboxamide (PK 11195), inhibitors of central or peripheral type benzodiazepine receptors, respectively. The diazepam-induced relaxation was potentiated by the presence of isoprenaline (10 nM), forskolin (50 nM) or milrinone (0.1 microM). Furthermore, diazepam increased the enhancement of cyclic AMP levels induced by these three agents in this tissue. Our results demonstrate a functional and biochemical synergistic interaction of diazepam with cyclic AMP-elevating agents on rat aortic rings.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Galindo
- Departamento de Farmacología y Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Murcia, Espinardo-Murcia, Spain
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Mulero F, Nicolás F, Castellón MI, Fuentes T, de la Cruz P, Roca V, Abad L, Nuño de La Rosa JA. [99m Tc-MIBI scintigraphy compared to mammography in the diagnosis of breast cancer in dense, operated and young women breasts]. Rev Esp Med Nucl 2000; 19:344-9. [PMID: 11062110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/18/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Breast scintimammography with 99mTc-MIBI has proven to be a useful complement to mammography in the diagnosis of breast cancer in the female population. Although the mammography, along with a physical examination, is the backbone of breast cancer diagnosis, there are groups of patients in whom the mammography has an even lower specificity. OBJECTIVE Our study has aimed to assess the usefulness of breast 99mTc-MIBI scintimammography in those situations in which the mammography was indeterminate, such as, in dense breasts, young females or breasts with architectural distortion after surgery or radiation therapy. MATERIALS AND METHODS We studied 109 females with mammographically dense breasts, 8 young females under 30 and 24 patients who had undergone previous surgery or radiation therapy. All cases were studied to rule out breast cancer. Final diagnosis was established with excisional biopsy. RESULTS In dense breasts MIBI scintimammography sensitivity was 88% and the mammography one 81%. MIBI scintimammography specificity was 90% and the mammography 28%. In young females MIBI scintimammography sensitivity was 100% and the mammography 50%, MIBI scintimammography specificity 100% and the mammography 20%. In previous surgery, MIBI scintimammography sensitivity was 80% and the mammography 80%, MIBI scintimammography specificity 100% and the mammography 42%. CONCLUSION Breast scintimammography with 99mTc-MIBI is an excellent diagnostic technique with high specificity. Undoubtedly it is complementary to mammography in those cases where mammography has major limitations such as dense breasts, young females and breasts with severe scarring after surgery or radiation therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Mulero
- Servicio de Medicina Nuclear. Hospital Universitario Virgen de la Arrixaca. Murcia.
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Mulero F, Roca V, Nicolás F, Castellón I, Fuentes T, Abad L, Illana J, Nuño de la Rosa JA. [Usefulness of quantification and visual analysis of the uptake of (99m)Tc-MIBI in the diagnosis of mammary lesions]. Rev Esp Med Nucl 2000; 19:192-8. [PMID: 11062082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/18/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Scintigraphy studies with (99m)Tc-MIBI are widely used in the diagnosis of non-invasive breast cancer and their results have been verified by many studies. However, the scintigraphic technique produces erroneous false negative and positive results. This study aims to verify how the different characteristics of the uptake of (99m)Tc-MIBI (intensity, size, morphology, etc.) can help to increase sensitivity and specificity of breast scintigraphy. MATERIALS AND METHODS We have studied 201 patients (84 breast cancer and 117 benign lesions). All of them underwent a breast scintigraphy with (99m)Tc-MIBI and anatomopathological study. A semiquantitative analysis (by T/F indexes) and visual study were performed in the lesions that presented radiodrug uptake. RESULTS Eleven false positive results and 8 false negative results were obtained in the study of the 201 patients. The analysis of the T/F indexes did not demonstrate any significant differences between the benign and malignant lesions (p>0,05). There is a statistically significant correlation (p<0.05) between the tracer uptake morphology and the AP diagnosis and between the localization of the lesion in a breast quadrant and the uptake intensity. CONCLUSIONS Quantification of (99m)Tc-MIBI uptake by T/F indexes does not provide any conclusive data on the lesion's malignancy, however, a more detailed analysis of the characteristics of the tracer uptake would permit us to make the correct diagnosis and would reduce the false positive and negative results of this technique.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Mulero
- Servicio de Medicina Nuclear, Hospital Universitario Virgen de la Arrixaca, Murcia.
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Martinez-Pellús AE, Merino P, Bru M, Canovas J, Seller G, Sapiña J, Fuentes T, Moro J. Endogenous endotoxemia of intestinal origin during cardiopulmonary bypass. Role of type of flow and protective effect of selective digestive decontamination. Intensive Care Med 1997; 23:1251-7. [PMID: 9470081 DOI: 10.1007/s001340050494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the possible related factors to endotoxemia and cytokine activation during the ischemic phase of extracorporeal surgery, and the effect of selective digestive decontamination (SDD) as a preventive measure. DESIGN Prospective, open, randomized trial. SETTING Two multidisciplinary ICUs (tertiary care hospitals). PATIENTS One hundred consecutive patients undergoing cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB), randomly allocated to two groups; gut decontamination (group I = 50 cases) and controls (group II = 50 cases). INTERVENTIONS Preoperative administration of oral non-absorbable antibiotics (polymyxin E, tobramycin and amphotericin B) versus no administration. MEASUREMENTS AND RESULTS The assessment of decontamination by means of the bacteriologic control of rectal swabs. Determinations of gastric intramucosal pH (gastric pHi) and plasma endotoxin, tumor necrosis factor (TNF) aNd interleukin-6 (IL-6) before surgery and during the ischemic and reperfusion phases of bypass. Rectal aerobic Gram-negative bacilli (AGNB) were significantly reduced in the treated patients and in 56% total eradication was achieved. Endotoxin, TNF and IL-6 plasma levels were significantly lower in this group. By contrast, both endotoxin and TNF/IL-6 levels and gastric pHi correlated with the type of surgical flow (pulsatile versus non-pulsatile). CONCLUSIONS SDD reduces the gut content of enterobacteria. This may explain the lower endotoxin and cytokine levels detected in decontaminated patients. In addition to SDD, the type of flow employed during bypass seems to influence endotoxemia and cytokine levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- A E Martinez-Pellús
- Intensive Care Unit, Hospital Universitario Virgen del la Arrixaca, El Palmar Murcia, Spain
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Martinez E, Fuentes T, Collado MC, Hernández J. Discrepancy between inotropic response and cyclic AMP production induced by isoprenaline and forskolin in rat ventricle strips. Res Commun Mol Pathol Pharmacol 1997; 96:157-67. [PMID: 9226750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
The effects of isoprenaline and forskolin were studied on contractile response and cyclic AMP levels in the right ventricle strips of the rat heart. Isoprenaline, in concentrations ranging from 10 nM to 1 microM, significantly increased, in a concentration-dependent manner, the contractile force in this preparation. Forskolin (1-10 microM), which directly stimulates adenylate cyclase, also produced a concentration-dependent increase in cardiac contractility. The mean EC50 (microM) for the contractile action of isoprenaline was 0.08 +/- 0.014 and that of forskolin 7.3 +/- 1.1 being about 70 times less potent than isoprenaline. However, isoprenaline (0.1 microM) and forskolin (8 microM), which produced about the same inotropic response, increased tissue cyclic AMP levels by about two and five fold respectively, when compared to the basal value. These figures further indicate that while the intracellular levels of cyclic AMP in rat ventricular myocardium may be an important determinant of positive inotropism, the connection between the two parameters is more complex than the simple ratio between the tension generated and the amount of cyclic AMP found inside the cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Martinez
- Departmento de Farmacologia, Facultad de Medicina, Murcia, Spain
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Martinez-Pellús AE, Merino P, Bru M, Conejero R, Seller G, Muñoz C, Fuentes T, Gonzalez G, Alvarez B. Can selective digestive decontamination avoid the endotoxemia and cytokine activation promoted by cardiopulmonary bypass? Crit Care Med 1993; 21:1684-91. [PMID: 8222684 DOI: 10.1097/00003246-199311000-00017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the effect of selective digestive decontamination on endotoxemia and cytokine activation during the ischemic phase of cardiopulmonary bypass surgery. DESIGN Prospective, open, randomized, controlled trial. SETTING Two multidisciplinary intensive care units in tertiary care hospitals. PATIENTS Eighty consecutive patients randomly allocated to two groups: selective digestive decontamination (group 1, n = 40) and controls (group 2, n = 40). INTERVENTIONS Preoperative administration of oral antibiotics (polymyxin E, tobramycin, and amphotericin B) vs. untreated controls. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS Assessment of decontamination by bacteriologic evaluation of rectal swabs (colony-forming units [cfu]/mL) were made in each group, along with circulating endotoxin, tumor necrosis factor and interleukin-6 (IL-6) determinations before surgery, during ischemic and reperfusion phases of bypass, and at 4 hrs and at 24 hrs after surgery. Group 1 patients showed that rectal bacteria decreased ten-fold after treatment for 24 hrs, thousand-fold after 48 hrs, and registered 0 cfu/mL after digestive decontamination was administered for > 72 hrs. Endotoxin and IL-6 assays showed significantly lower values in this latter group vs. those circulating concentrations of control patients. On the other hand, both endotoxin and IL-6 concentrations correlated positively with the duration of surgical ischemia. CONCLUSIONS Selective digestive decontamination reduces the gut content of enterobacteria, with complete elimination after 3 days of treatment. This fact could explain the lower endotoxin and cytokine concentrations found in the blood samples of patients who had been fully decontaminated. Duration of aortic cross-clamping is an important factor in generating endotoxemia and in the activation of cytokines.
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Affiliation(s)
- A E Martinez-Pellús
- Intensive Care Unit, University Hospital Virgen de la Arrixaca, Alicante, Spain
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Abstract
Potassium deficiency produced different effects in the kidney of male or female mice. While in female, potassium deficiency caused a marked renal hypertrophy with no significant changes in testosterone-regulated enzymes, such as ornithine decarboxylase and beta-glucuronidase, in the male the same treatment provoked a marked fall of these enzymes owing to a dramatic decrease in plasma testosterone. Potassium replenishment restored plasma testosterone and renal enzymatic activities. These results show for the first time, that potassium modulates circulating testosterone and suggest that this cation could exert an important regulatory role in controlling androgen actions.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Sánchez-Capelo
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Murcia, Spain
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Laorden ML, Miralles F, Fuentes T, López F, Canteras M. Effects of stress and stress-therapy on plasma beta-endorphin-like immunoreactivity. Methods Find Exp Clin Pharmacol 1984; 6:671-4. [PMID: 6099457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Beta-Endorphin-like immunoreactivity (B-ELI) was determined in the plasma of ten patients in presurgical stress conditions and after administration of dehydrobenzperidol (DHB, n = 3) and DHB plus fentanyl (Innovar, n = 7). Human B-ELI was determined by radioimmunoassay. The B-ELI was extracted from plasma with ODS-silica columns. B-ELI plasma levels increased significantly (P less than 0.02) during stress (7,7 +/- 1.2 fmol/ml and 23.3 +/- 4.1 fmol/ml for the control and stress, respectively). After administration of DHB plus fentanyl, a significant decrease (p less than 0.05) of B-ELI plasma levels was observed as compared with the presurgical stress conditions (10.1 +/- 0.8 fmol/ml and 21.1 +/- 5.2 fmol/ml, respectively), whereas no significant difference was observed (p greater than 0.05) in B-ELI plasma levels obtained in the DHB group compared with presurgical stress conditions (10.4 +/- 5.0 fmol/ml, and 28.3 +/- 7.1 fmol/ml, respectively). These results suggest a direct correlation between the emotional stressful situation of presurgery and increase in B-ELI plasma levels. The findings obtained with administration of DHB plus fentanyl seem to lend support to the hypothesis that this premedication is a good stress therapy.
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Miralles F, Fuentes T, Laorden ML, Olaso MJ, López F, Puig MM, Nuño de la Rosa JA. [Relation between preoperative and hospital stress and plasma levels of beta-endorphin]. Arch Neurobiol (Madr) 1984; 47:67-71. [PMID: 6089691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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