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Yang F, Li X, Zhang Y, Ren Y, Zhang J, Xiao K. Prediction of potential mechanisms of rhubarb therapy for colorectal cancer based on network pharmacological analysis and molecular docking. Medicine (Baltimore) 2024; 103:e37477. [PMID: 38518016 PMCID: PMC10957024 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000037477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 03/24/2024] Open
Abstract
The objective of this study was to investigate the potential targets and mechanism of Rheum palmatum L in the treatment of colorectal cancer based on the network pharmacology and molecular docking, which could provide the theoretical basis for clinical applications. The potential components were screened using TCMSP database and articles. The gene targets of colorectal cancer were screened through the Genecards database and Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man database. Then, the common targets of components and colorectal cancer were used to construct the network diagram of active components and targets in Cytoscape 3.7.0. The protein-protein interaction (PPI) diagram was generated using String database, and the targets were further analyzed by gene ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes. Molecular docking between gene targets and active components was analyzed via AutoDock, and visualized through PyMol. Among this study, main targets might be TP53, EGF, MYC, CASP3, JUN, PTGS2, HSP90AA1, MMP9, ESR1, PPARG. And 10 key elements might associate with them, such as aloe-emodin, beta-sitosterol, gallic acid, eupatin, emodin, physcion, cis-resveratrol, rhein, crysophanol, catechin. The treatment process was found to involve nitrogen metabolism, p53 signaling pathway, and various cancer related pathway, as well as the AGE-RAGE signaling pathway, estrogen signaling pathway, interleukin-17 signaling pathway and thyroid hormone signaling pathway. The molecular docking was verified the combination between key components and their respective target proteins. Network pharmacological analysis demonstrated that R palmatum was could regulated p53, AGE-RAGE, interleukin-17 and related signaling pathway in colorectal cancer, which might provide a scientific basis of mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Yang
- Changzhi People’s Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Changzhi, Shanxi Province, P.R. China
| | - Xinghua Li
- Changzhi People’s Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Changzhi, Shanxi Province, P.R. China
| | - Yujie Zhang
- Changzhi People’s Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Changzhi, Shanxi Province, P.R. China
| | - Yun Ren
- Changzhi People’s Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Changzhi, Shanxi Province, P.R. China
| | - Jiao Zhang
- Changzhi People’s Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Changzhi, Shanxi Province, P.R. China
| | - Keyuan Xiao
- Changzhi People’s Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Changzhi, Shanxi Province, P.R. China
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Zhang WJ, Zhang LP, Lin SJ, Wang CY, Le YG. P2 purinergic receptors regulate the progression of colorectal cancer. Purinergic Signal 2023:10.1007/s11302-023-09983-6. [PMID: 38153612 DOI: 10.1007/s11302-023-09983-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 12/29/2023] Open
Abstract
More and more studies have revealed that P2 purinergic receptors play a key role in the progression of colorectal cancer (CRC). P2X and P2Y purinergic receptors can be used as promoters and regulators of CRC and play a dual role in the progression of CRC. CRC microenvironment is rich in ATP and its cleavage products (ADP, AMP, Ado), which act as activators of P2X and P2Y purinergic receptors. The activation of P2X and P2Y purinergic receptors regulates the progression of CRC mainly by regulating the function of immune cells and mediating different signal pathways. In this paper, we focus on the specific mechanisms and functional roles of P2X7, P2Y12, and P2Y2 receptors in the growth and progression of CRC. The antagonistic effects of these selective antagonists of P2X purinergic receptors on the growth, invasion, and metastasis of CRC were further discussed. Moreover, different studies have reported that P2X7 receptor can be used as an effective predictor of patients with CRC. All these indicate that P2 purinergic receptors are a key regulator of CRC. Therefore, antagonizing P2 purinergic receptors may be an innovative treatment for CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Jun Zhang
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang City, 343000, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Li-Peng Zhang
- Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Nanchang University, Nanchang City, 343000, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Si-Jian Lin
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang City, 343000, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Cheng-Yi Wang
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang City, 343000, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Yi-Guan Le
- Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Nanchang University, Nanchang City, 343000, Jiangxi Province, China.
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Zuo C, Xu YS, He PF, Zhang WJ. ATP ion channel P2X7 receptor as a regulatory molecule in the progression of colorectal cancer. Eur J Med Chem 2023; 261:115877. [PMID: 37857146 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2023.115877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Revised: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023]
Abstract
Large amounts of adenosine triphosphate (ATP), a natural P2X7 receptor activator, are released during colorectal carcinogenesis. P2X7 receptor activation regulates the activity of colorectal cancer (CRC) cells by mediating intracellular signal transduction. Importantly, the opening and activation of membrane pores of P2X7 receptor are different, which can play a dual role in promoting or inhibiting the progression of CRC. These can also depend on P2X7 receptor to regulate the activities of immune cells in the microenvironment, play the functions of immune regulation, immune escape and immune monitoring. While the use of P2X7 receptor antagonists (such as BBG, A438079 and A740003) can play a certain inhibitory pharmacological role on the activity of CRC. Therefore, in this paper, the mechanism and immunomodulatory function of P2X7 receptor involved in the progression of CRC were discussed. Moreover, we discussed the effect of antagonizing the activity of P2X7 receptor on the progression of CRC. So P2X7 receptor may be a new pharmacological molecular target for the treatment of CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Zuo
- Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Nanchang University, Nanchang City, Jiangxi province, 343000, China
| | - Yong-Sheng Xu
- Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Nanchang University, Nanchang City, Jiangxi province, 343000, China
| | - Peng-Fei He
- Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Nanchang University, Nanchang City, Jiangxi province, 343000, China
| | - Wen-Jun Zhang
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Nanchang University, Nanchang City, Jiangxi province, 343000, China.
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Lai J, Liu X, Su H, Zhu Y, Xin K, Huang M, Luo S, Tang H. Emodin inhibits bladder inflammation and fibrosis in mice with interstitial cystitis by regulating JMJD3. Acta Cir Bras 2023; 38:e385123. [PMID: 38055393 DOI: 10.1590/acb385123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2022] [Accepted: 07/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Interstitial cystitis/bladder pain syndrome (IC/BPS) is a devastating urological chronic pelvic pain condition. In search of a potential treatment, we investigated the effect of emodin on IC/BPS inflammation and fibrosis, and explore the potential mechanism. METHODS An experimental model of interstitial cystitis was induced by cyclophosphamide, and human bladder smooth muscle cells were treated with lipopolysaccharide to establish the cell model in vitro. In both models, inflammation- and fibrosis-related indexes were measured after emodin administration. Furthermore, the specific antagonists were used to dig for the mechanisms underlying the response to emodin treatment. RESULTS Emodin significantly ameliorated management of cystitis, reduced the amount of inflammatory cytokines (tumor necrosis factor-α, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1, interleukin-1β, interleukin-8, and interleukin-6) in models, as well as reducing the synthesis of fibrosis marker including collagen1, collagen3, vimentin, fibronectin and α-smooth muscle actin. Further mechanism studies demonstrated that emodin inhibited inflammatory reaction and fibrosis through blocking lysine-specific demethylase 6B (JMJD3) expression via JAK/STAT, NF-κB and TGF-β/SMAD pathways. CONCLUSIONS Our study reveals the critical role of emodin-JMJD3 signaling in interstitial cystitis by regulating inflammation, fibrosis, and extracellular matrix deposition in cells and tissues, and these findings provide an avenue for effective treatment of patients with cystitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junyu Lai
- Southwest Medical University - Affiliated TCM Hospital - Department of Urology - Luzhou (Sichuan) - China
| | - Xing Liu
- Southwest Medical University - Affiliated Hospital - Department of Urology - Luzhou (Sichuan) - China
| | - Hongwei Su
- Southwest Medical University - Affiliated TCM Hospital - Department of Urology - Luzhou (Sichuan) - China
| | - Yongsheng Zhu
- Southwest Medical University - Affiliated TCM Hospital - Department of Urology - Luzhou (Sichuan) - China
| | - Ke Xin
- Southwest Medical University - Affiliated Hospital - Department of Urology - Luzhou (Sichuan) - China
| | - Mingwei Huang
- Southwest Medical University - Affiliated TCM Hospital - Department of Urology - Luzhou (Sichuan) - China
| | - Songtao Luo
- Southwest Medical University - Affiliated TCM Hospital - Department of Urology - Luzhou (Sichuan) - China
| | - Hai Tang
- Southwest Medical University - Affiliated TCM Hospital - Department of Urology - Luzhou (Sichuan) - China
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McDonald SJ, Bullard BM, VanderVeen BN, Cardaci TD, Huss AR, Fan D, Hofseth LJ, Murphy EA. Panaxynol alleviates colorectal cancer in a murine model via suppressing macrophages and inflammation. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 2023; 325:G318-G333. [PMID: 37489869 PMCID: PMC10642997 DOI: 10.1152/ajpgi.00119.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Revised: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 07/26/2023]
Abstract
Currently available colorectal cancer (CRC) therapies have limited efficacy and severe adverse effects that may be overcome with the alternative use of natural compounds. We previously reported that panaxynol (PA), a bioactive component in American ginseng, possesses anticancer properties in vitro and suppresses murine colitis through its proapoptotic and anti-inflammatory properties. Because colitis is a predisposing factor of CRC and inflammation is a major driver of CRC, we sought to evaluate the therapeutic potential of PA in CRC. Azoxymethane-dextran sodium sulfate (AOM/DSS) mice (C57BL/6) were administered 2.5 mg/kg PA or vehicle 3 times/wk via oral gavage over 12 wk. PA improved clinical symptoms (P ≤ 0.05) and reduced tumorigenesis (P ≤ 0.05). This improvement may be reflective of PA's restorative effect on intestinal barrier function; PA upregulated the expression of essential tight junction and mucin genes (P ≤ 0.05) and increased the abundance of mucin-producing goblet cells (P ≤ 0.05). Given that macrophages play a substantial role in the pathogenesis of CRC and that we previously demonstrated that PA targets macrophages in colitis, we next assessed macrophages. We show that PA reduces the relative abundance of colonic macrophages within the lamina propria (P ≤ 0.05), and this was consistent with a reduction in the expression of important markers of macrophages and inflammation (P ≤ 0.05). We further confirmed PA's inhibitory effects on macrophages in vitro under CRC conditions (P ≤ 0.05). These results suggest that PA is a promising therapeutic compound to treat CRC and improve clinical symptoms given its ability to inhibit macrophages and modulate the inflammatory environment in the colon.NEW & NOTEWORTHY We report that panaxynol (PA) reduces colorectal cancer (CRC) by improving the colonic and tumor environment. Specifically, we demonstrate that PA improves crypt morphology, upregulates crucial tight junction and mucin genes, and promotes the abundance of mucin-producing goblet cells. Furthermore, PA reduces macrophages and associated inflammation, important drivers of CRC, in the colonic environment. This present study provides novel insights into the potential of PA as a therapeutic agent to ameliorate CRC tumorigenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sierra J McDonald
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina, United States
| | - Brooke M Bullard
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina, United States
| | - Brandon N VanderVeen
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina, United States
| | - Thomas D Cardaci
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina, United States
| | - Alexander R Huss
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina, United States
| | - Daping Fan
- Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, School of Medicine, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina, United States
| | - Lorne J Hofseth
- Department of Drug Discovery and Biomedical Sciences, University of South Carolina College of Pharmacy, Columbia, South Carolina, United States
| | - E Angela Murphy
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina, United States
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McDonald SJ, Bullard BM, VanderVeen BN, Cardaci TD, Chatzistamou I, Fan D, Murphy EA. Emodin reduces surgical wounding-accelerated tumor growth and metastasis via macrophage suppression in a murine triple-negative breast cancer model. Physiol Rep 2023; 11:e15813. [PMID: 37821408 PMCID: PMC10567645 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.15813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Revised: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023] Open
Abstract
It has been suspected that tumor resection surgery itself may accelerate breast cancer (BC) lung metastasis in some patients. Emodin, a natural anthraquinone found in the roots and rhizomes of various plants, exhibits anticancer activity. We examined the perioperative use of emodin in our established surgery wounding murine BC model. Emodin reduced primary BC tumor growth and metastasis in the lungs in both sham and surgical wounded mice, consistent with a reduction in proliferation and enhanced apoptosis (primary tumor and lungs). Further, emodin reduced systemic inflammation, most notably the number of monocytes in the peripheral blood and reduced pro-tumoral M2 macrophages in the primary tumor and the lungs. Consistently, we show that emodin reduces gene expression of select macrophage markers and associated cytokines in the primary tumor and lungs of wounded mice. Overall, we demonstrate that emodin is beneficial in mitigating surgical wounding accelerated lung metastasis in a model of triple-negative BC, which appears to be mediated, at least in part, by its actions on macrophages. These data support the development of emodin as a safe, low-cost, and effective agent to be used perioperatively to alleviate the surgery triggered inflammatory response and consequential metastasis of BC to the lungs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sierra J. McDonald
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology & Immunology, School of MedicineUniversity of South CarolinaColumbiaSouth CarolinaUSA
| | - Brooke M. Bullard
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology & Immunology, School of MedicineUniversity of South CarolinaColumbiaSouth CarolinaUSA
| | - Brandon N. VanderVeen
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology & Immunology, School of MedicineUniversity of South CarolinaColumbiaSouth CarolinaUSA
| | - Thomas D. Cardaci
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology & Immunology, School of MedicineUniversity of South CarolinaColumbiaSouth CarolinaUSA
| | - Ioulia Chatzistamou
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology & Immunology, School of MedicineUniversity of South CarolinaColumbiaSouth CarolinaUSA
| | - Daping Fan
- Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, School of MedicineUniversity of South CarolinaColumbiaSouth CarolinaUSA
- AcePre, LLCColumbiaSouth CarolinaUSA
| | - E. Angela Murphy
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology & Immunology, School of MedicineUniversity of South CarolinaColumbiaSouth CarolinaUSA
- AcePre, LLCColumbiaSouth CarolinaUSA
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Bernardazzi C, Castelo-Branco MTL, Pêgo B, Ribeiro BE, Rosas SLB, Santana PT, Machado JC, Leal C, Thompson F, Coutinho-Silva R, de Souza HSP. The P2X7 Receptor Promotes Colorectal Inflammation and Tumorigenesis by Modulating Gut Microbiota and the Inflammasome. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23094616. [PMID: 35563010 PMCID: PMC9099551 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23094616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Revised: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 04/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Given the role of the P2X7 receptor (P2X7R) in inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), we investigated its role in the development and progression of colitis-associated colorectal cancer (CA-CRC). Methods: CA-CRC was induced in P2X7R+/+ and P2X7R−/− mice with azoxymethane (AOM) combined with dextran sodium sulfate (DSS). In a therapeutic protocol, P2X7R+/+ mice were treated with a P2X7R-selective inhibitor (A740003). Mice were evaluated with follow-up video endoscopy with endoluminal ultrasound biomicroscopy. Colon tissue was analyzed for histological changes, densities of immune cells, expression of transcription factors, cytokines, genes, DNA methylation, and microbiome composition of fecal samples by sequencing for 16S rRNA. Results: The P2X7R+/+ mice displayed more ulcers, tumors, and greater wall thickness, than the P2X7R−/− and the P2X7R+/+ mice treated with A740003. The P2X7R+/+ mice showed increased accumulation of immune cells, production of proinflammatory cytokines, activation of intracellular signaling pathways, and upregulation of NLRP3 and NLRP12 genes, stabilized after the P2X7R-blockade. Microbial changes were observed in the P2X7R−/− and P2X7R+/+-induced mice, partially reversed by the A740003 treatment. Conclusions: Regulatory mechanisms activated downstream of the P2X7R in combination with signals from a dysbiotic microbiota result in the activation of intracellular signaling pathways and the inflammasome, amplifying the inflammatory response and promoting CA-CRC development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudio Bernardazzi
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85724, USA;
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-913, Brazil; (M.T.L.C.-B.); (B.P.); (B.E.R.); (S.L.B.R.); (P.T.S.)
| | - Morgana Teixeira Lima Castelo-Branco
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-913, Brazil; (M.T.L.C.-B.); (B.P.); (B.E.R.); (S.L.B.R.); (P.T.S.)
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-590, Brazil
| | - Beatriz Pêgo
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-913, Brazil; (M.T.L.C.-B.); (B.P.); (B.E.R.); (S.L.B.R.); (P.T.S.)
| | - Beatriz Elias Ribeiro
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-913, Brazil; (M.T.L.C.-B.); (B.P.); (B.E.R.); (S.L.B.R.); (P.T.S.)
| | - Siane Lopes Bittencourt Rosas
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-913, Brazil; (M.T.L.C.-B.); (B.P.); (B.E.R.); (S.L.B.R.); (P.T.S.)
| | - Patrícia Teixeira Santana
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-913, Brazil; (M.T.L.C.-B.); (B.P.); (B.E.R.); (S.L.B.R.); (P.T.S.)
| | - João Carlos Machado
- Biomedical Engineering Program, COPPE, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-901, Brazil;
| | - Camille Leal
- Institute of Biology, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-599, Brazil; (C.L.); (F.T.)
| | - Fabiano Thompson
- Institute of Biology, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-599, Brazil; (C.L.); (F.T.)
| | - Robson Coutinho-Silva
- Institute of Biophysics Carlos Chagas Filho, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-590, Brazil;
| | - Heitor Siffert Pereira de Souza
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-913, Brazil; (M.T.L.C.-B.); (B.P.); (B.E.R.); (S.L.B.R.); (P.T.S.)
- D’Or Institute for Research and Education (IDOR), Rua Diniz Cordeiro 30, Botafogo, Rio de Janeiro 22281-100, Brazil
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +55-21-39382669
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