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Krüger-Genge A, Tondera C, Hauser S, Braune S, Görs J, Roch T, Klopfleisch R, Neffe AT, Lendlein A, Pietzsch J, Jung F. Immunocompatibility and non-thrombogenicity of gelatin-based hydrogels. Clin Hemorheol Microcirc 2021; 77:335-350. [PMID: 33337355 DOI: 10.3233/ch-201028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Immunocompatibility and non-thrombogenicity are important requirements for biomedical applications such as vascular grafts. Here, gelatin-based hydrogels formed by reaction of porcine gelatin with increasing amounts of lysine diisocyanate ethyl ester were investigated in vitro in this regard. In addition, potential adverse effects of the hydrogels were determined using the "Hen's egg test on chorioallantoic membrane" (HET-CAM) test and a mouse model.The study revealed that the hydrogels were immunocompatible, since complement activation was absent and a substantial induction of reactive oxygen species generating monocytes and neutrophils could not be observed in whole human blood. The density as well as the activation state of adherent thrombocytes was comparable to medical grade polydimethylsiloxane, which was used as reference material. The HET-CAM test confirmed the compatibility of the hydrogels with vessel functionality since no bleedings, thrombotic events, or vessel destructions were observed. Only for the samples synthesized with the highest LDI amount the number of growing blood vessels in the CAM was comparable to controls and significantly higher than for the softer materials. Implantation into mice showed the absence of adverse or toxic effects in spleen, liver, or kidney, and only a mild lymphocytic activation in the form of a follicular hyperplasia in draining lymph nodes (slightly increased after the implantation of the material prepared with the lowest LDI content). These results imply that candidate materials prepared with mid to high amounts of LDI are suitable for the coating of the blood contacting surface of cardiovascular implants.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Krüger-Genge
- Institute of Biomaterial Science and Berlin-Brandenburg Centre for Regenerative Therapies (BCRT), Helmholtz Zentrum Geesthacht, Teltow, Germany
| | - C Tondera
- Department of Radiopharmaceutical and Chemical Biology, Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Dresden, Germany.,School of Science, Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, Technical University Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - S Hauser
- Department of Radiopharmaceutical and Chemical Biology, Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Dresden, Germany
| | - S Braune
- Institute of Biomaterial Science and Berlin-Brandenburg Centre for Regenerative Therapies (BCRT), Helmholtz Zentrum Geesthacht, Teltow, Germany
| | - J Görs
- Institute of Biomaterial Science and Berlin-Brandenburg Centre for Regenerative Therapies (BCRT), Helmholtz Zentrum Geesthacht, Teltow, Germany
| | - T Roch
- Institute of Biomaterial Science and Berlin-Brandenburg Centre for Regenerative Therapies (BCRT), Helmholtz Zentrum Geesthacht, Teltow, Germany.,Helmholtz Virtual Institute - Multifunctional Biomaterials for Medicine, Teltow and Berlin, Germany
| | - R Klopfleisch
- Institute of Veterinary Pathology, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - A T Neffe
- Institute of Biomaterial Science and Berlin-Brandenburg Centre for Regenerative Therapies (BCRT), Helmholtz Zentrum Geesthacht, Teltow, Germany.,Helmholtz Virtual Institute - Multifunctional Biomaterials for Medicine, Teltow and Berlin, Germany
| | - A Lendlein
- Institute of Biomaterial Science and Berlin-Brandenburg Centre for Regenerative Therapies (BCRT), Helmholtz Zentrum Geesthacht, Teltow, Germany.,Helmholtz Virtual Institute - Multifunctional Biomaterials for Medicine, Teltow and Berlin, Germany.,Institute of Chemistry, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
| | - J Pietzsch
- Department of Radiopharmaceutical and Chemical Biology, Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Dresden, Germany.,School of Science, Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, Technical University Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - F Jung
- Institute of Biomaterial Science and Berlin-Brandenburg Centre for Regenerative Therapies (BCRT), Helmholtz Zentrum Geesthacht, Teltow, Germany.,Helmholtz Virtual Institute - Multifunctional Biomaterials for Medicine, Teltow and Berlin, Germany
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Al-Karagholi MAM, Sode M, Gozalov A, Ashina M. The vascular effect of glibenclamide: A systematic review. CEPHALALGIA REPORTS 2019. [DOI: 10.1177/2515816319884937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective: To systematically review the vascular effects of glibenclamide. Background: Infusion of adenosine triphosphate (ATP)-sensitive potassium (KATP) channel opener (KCO) levcromakalim dilates cranial arteries and induces headache and migraine attacks. Recent data show that levcromakalim-induced vasodilation is associated with headache. Glibenclamide is a KATP channel blocker that may alter the vascular tone and thus has an impact on headache or migraine prevention. Methods: A search through PubMed was undertaken for studies investigating the vascular effects of glibenclamide in vitro as well as in vivo published until July 2019. Results: We identified 58 articles; 31 in vitro studies, 24 in vivo studies and 3 studies with both. The main findings were that glibenclamide inhibited levcromakalim-induced and other KCOs-induced vasodilation, while the basal vascular tone remained unchanged. Conclusion: Glibenclamide could inhibit vasodilation by KCOs, and further studies are needed to clarify the vascular effect of glibenclamide on human cranial arteries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Al-Mahdi Al-Karagholi
- Danish Headache Center, Department of Neurology, Rigshospitalet Glostrup, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Glostrup, Denmark
| | - Michael Sode
- Danish Headache Center, Department of Neurology, Rigshospitalet Glostrup, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Glostrup, Denmark
| | - Aydin Gozalov
- Danish Headache Center, Department of Neurology, Rigshospitalet Glostrup, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Glostrup, Denmark
| | - Messoud Ashina
- Danish Headache Center, Department of Neurology, Rigshospitalet Glostrup, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Glostrup, Denmark
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Wei EP, Hamm RJ, Baranova AI, Povlishock JT. The long-term microvascular and behavioral consequences of experimental traumatic brain injury after hypothermic intervention. J Neurotrauma 2009; 26:527-37. [PMID: 19245307 DOI: 10.1089/neu.2008.0797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) has been demonstrated to induce cerebral vascular dysfunction that is reflected in altered responses to various vasodilators. While previous reports have focused primarily on the short-term vascular alterations, few have examined these vascular changes for more than 7 days, or have attempted to correlate these alterations with any persisting behavioral changes or potential therapeutic modulation. Accordingly, we evaluated the long-term microvascular and behavioral consequences of experimental TBI and their therapeutic modulation via hypothermia. In this study, one group was injured with no treatment, another group was injured and 1 h later was treated with 120 min of hypothermia followed by slow rewarming, and a third group was non-injured. Animals equipped with cranial windows for visualization of the pial microvasculature were challenged with various vasodilators, including acetylcholine, hypercapnia, adenosine, pinacidil, and sodium nitroprusside, at either 1 or 3 weeks post-TBI. In addition, all animals were tested for vestibulomotor tasks at 1 week post-TBI, and animals surviving for 3 weeks post-TBI were tested in a Morris water maze (MWM). The results of this investigation demonstrated that TBI resulted in long-term vascular dysfunction in terms of altered vascular reactivity to various vasodilators, which was significantly improved with the use of a delayed 120-min hypothermic treatment. In contrast, data from the MWM task indicated that injured animals revealed persistent deficits in the spatial memory test performance, with hypothermia exerting no protective effects. Collectively, these data illustrate that TBI can evoke long-standing brain vascular and spatial memory dysfunction that manifest different responses to hypothermic intervention. These findings further illustrate the complexity of TBI and highlight the fact that the chosen hypothermic intervention may not necessarily exert a global protective response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enoch P Wei
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Virginia Commonwealth University Medical Center, Richmond, Virginia 23298-0709, USA
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Murphy TV, Kotecha N, Hill MA. Endothelium-independent constriction of isolated, pressurized arterioles by Nomega-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME). Br J Pharmacol 2007; 151:602-9. [PMID: 17471179 PMCID: PMC2013995 DOI: 10.1038/sj.bjp.0707262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Nitric oxide synthase (NOS) inhibitors cause vasoconstriction in pressurized arterioles with myogenic tone. This suggests either tonic production of NO modulates myogenic tone or a direct, NOS-independent effect of the NOS inhibitors. The nature of the contractile effect of the nitric oxide synthase inhibitor N(omega)-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME, 100 microM) on pressurised arterioles was investigated. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH Segments of rat cremaster muscle first-order arteriole were cannulated on glass micropipettes and maintained at an intraluminal pressure of 50, 70 or 120 mmHg. KEY RESULTS L-NAME and the related compound L-NA (100 microM) constricted pressurized vessels with myogenic tone. Removal of the endothelium did not cause constriction or alter myogenic tone, however the constrictor effect of L-NAME persisted. The constrictor effect of L-NAME was abolished by L-arginine (1 mM). Other NO and cGMP pathway inhibitors, including the nNOS inhibitor 7-nitroindazole (100 muM), the NO scavenger carboxy-PTIO (100 microM), the guanylate cyclase inhibitor ODQ (10 microM) and the cGMP inhibitor Rp-8CPT-cGMPS (10 microM) did not cause constriction of the arterioles. L-NAME caused a small (3-4 mV) but not statistically significant depolarization of the arteriolar smooth muscle at both pressures. The constrictor effect was not prevented by the K(+)-channel antagonist tetraethyl ammonium (TEA, 1 mM) or the K(ATP) channel antagonist glibenclamide (1 microM). CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS These observations demonstrate that L-NAME causes an endothelium- and NOS-independent contraction of vascular smooth muscle in isolated skeletal muscle arterioles. It is suggested that the underlying mechanism relates to an arginine binding interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- T V Murphy
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Medical Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
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Long W, Zhang L, Longo LD. Fetal and adult cerebral artery K(ATP) and K(Ca) channel responses to long-term hypoxia. J Appl Physiol (1985) 2002; 92:1692-701. [PMID: 11896039 DOI: 10.1152/japplphysiol.01110.2001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
High-altitude long-term hypoxia (LTH) alters cerebral vascular contractile and relaxation responses in both fetus and adult. We tested the hypotheses that LTH-mediated vascular responses were secondary to altered K+ channel function and that in the fetus these responses differ from those of the adult. In middle cerebral arteries (MCA) from both nonpregnant adult and fetal (approximately 140 days gestation) sheep, which were either acclimatized to high altitude (3,820 m) or sea-level controls, we measured norepinephrine (NE)-induced contractions and intracellular Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]i) simultaneously, in the presence or absence of different K+ channel openers or blockers. In adult MCA, LTH was associated with approximately 20% decrease in NE-induced tension and [Ca2+]i, with a significant increase in Ca2+ sensitivity. In contrast, in fetal MCA, LTH failed to affect significantly NE-induced contraction or [Ca2+]i but significantly decreased the ATP-sensitive K+ (K(ATP)) channel and Ca2+-activated K+ (K(Ca)) channel-mediated relaxation. The significant effect of K(ATP) and K(Ca) channel activators on the relaxation responses and the fact that K+ channels play a key role in myogenic tone support the hypotheses that K+ channels play an important role in hypoxia-mediated responses. These results also support the hypothesis of significant developmental differences with maturation from fetus to adult.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Long
- Center for Perinatal Biology, Department of Physiology, Loma Linda University, School of Medicine, Loma Linda, California 92350, USA.
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Okada T, Watanabe Y, Brusilow SW, Traystman RJ, Koehler RC. Interaction of glutamine and arginine on cerebrovascular reactivity to hypercapnia. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2000; 278:H1577-84. [PMID: 10775136 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.2000.278.5.h1577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Glutamine is purported to inhibit recycling of citrulline to arginine and to limit nitric oxide release in vitro. However, vasoactive effects of glutamine have not been clearly demonstrated in vivo. During hyperammonemia, impaired cerebrovascular reactivity to CO(2) is related to glutamine accumulation. We tested the hypotheses that 1) glutamine infusion in the absence of hyperammonemia impairs cerebrovascular CO(2) reactivity and 2) arginine infusion preserves CO(2) reactivity during glutamine infusion and during hyperammonemia. Pentobarbital sodium-anesthetized rats were equipped with a closed cranial window for measuring pial arteriolar diameter. Intravenous infusion of 3 mmol. kg(-1). h(-1) of L-glutamine for 6 h produced threefold increases in plasma and cerebrospinal fluid concentrations. Dilation to hypercapnia was reduced by 45% compared with that of a time control group at 6 h but not at 3 h of glutamine infusion. Coinfusion of 2 mmol. kg(-1). h(-1) of L-arginine with glutamine maintained the hypercapnic vasodilation at the control value. Infusion of ammonium acetate at a rate known to produce threefold increases in cortical tissue glutamine concentration resulted in no significant hypercapnic vasodilation. Coinfusion of arginine with ammonium acetate maintained hypercapnic vasodilation at 60% of the control value. Arginine infusion did not augment hypercapnic vasodilation in a control group. We conclude that glutamine modulates cerebrovascular CO(2) reactivity in vivo. Glutamine probably acts by limiting arginine availability because the vascular inhibitory effect required >3 h to develop and because arginine infusion counteracted the vascular effect of both endogenously and exogenously produced increases in glutamine.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Okada
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine and Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, USA
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