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Das A, Wang X, Devonshire K, Lyons EJ, Popescu I, Zhou Z, Li J, Sembrat J, Pilewski J, Zou C, Alder JK, Chen BB, Snyder ME, McDyer JF. IL-10 Is Critical for Regulation of Cytotoxic CD4+NKG7+ T Cells in Lung Allograft Rejection but Is Not Required for Allograft Acceptance. JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY (BALTIMORE, MD. : 1950) 2024; 213:898-905. [PMID: 39072690 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.2400279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2024] [Accepted: 07/08/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024]
Abstract
Lung transplant remains the primary therapeutic option for patients with end-stage lung disease, but long-term survival rates remain suboptimal compared with other solid organ transplants. Acute cellular rejection (ACR) is a significant challenge in lung transplant recipients, with T cell-mediated mechanisms playing a major role. IL-10 is known for its immunoregulatory function, although its specific role in lung allograft rejection remains unclear. Using the mouse orthotopic lung transplant model, we investigated the role of IL-10 in regulating alloeffector T cell responses. Unexpectedly, we found that IL-10 was not required for early costimulation blockade-induced allograft acceptance. However, IL-10 deficiency or blockade resulted in increased CD4+ T cell numbers, proliferation, graft infiltration, and alloeffector responses. In the absence of IL-10, CD4+ T cell responses predominated over CD8 responses during ACR in contrast to wild-type mice. Type 1 immunity (IFN-γ) responses along with elevated CD4+NKG7+ and CD4+CD107a+ responses predominated during ACR, highlighting a critical regulatory role for IL-10 in modulating CD4+ T cell alloimmune responses. We further demonstrated increased colocalization of NKG7 and CD107a in CD4+ T cells from IL-10-deficient allografts, suggesting coordination in cytotoxic activity. Together, our findings highlight a critical role for IL-10 in regulation of cytotoxic CD4+NKG7+ T cells, an effector population that needs further investigation to elucidate their role in lung allograft rejection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antu Das
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - Xingan Wang
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - Kaitlyn Devonshire
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - Emily J Lyons
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - Iulia Popescu
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - Zihe Zhou
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - Jingmei Li
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - John Sembrat
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - Joseph Pilewski
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - Chunbin Zou
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - Jonathan K Alder
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - Bill B Chen
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA
- Aging Institute, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - Mark E Snyder
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - John F McDyer
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA
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Yu J, Xu C, Wen Z, Wang G, Gil Silva AA, Brown MJ, Sanchez PG, Wang X. Shock lung is not "wet" but characterized as necroptotic inflammation in a mouse model of hypotension. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2023; 165:e40-e53. [PMID: 35850733 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtcvs.2022.06.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2021] [Revised: 04/21/2022] [Accepted: 06/17/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Hypotension episodes before or after donor brain death are assumed to trigger hypoxia-reoxygenation, causing diffuse alveolar-capillary damage via necrosis. However, alveolar-capillary membranes have direct access to oxygen in alveoli. We hypothesized hypotension-induced lung injury is not diffuse alveolar-capillary damage but interstitial inflammation resulting from nonhypoxic lung ischemia and systemic responses to hypoxic extrapulmonary ischemia. METHODS The 4-hour hypotension model was established by subjecting C57BL/6J mice to 4-hour hypotension at 15 ± 5 mm Hg of mean artery pressure and resuscitated with whole shed blood and norepinephrine. Nonhypoxic lung ischemia model was established by 4-hour left pulmonary artery ligation. At 24 hours postprocedure, an arterial blood gas analysis and a gastroduodenal occult blood test were conducted. Lung samples were assessed for histology, cytokine transcripts, regulated cell death, and alveolar-capillary permeability. RESULTS The 4-hour hypotension model had an intraoperative mortality rate of 17.7% (41/231) and a stress-ulcer bleeding rate of 15.3% (29/190). No signs of alveolar flooding were observed in both models. Four-hour hypotension without stress ulcer showed normal oxygenation and permeability but increased interstitial infiltration, transcription of Tnf and Il1b, phosphorylation of MLKL and RIPK3, and cleaved caspase 3 compared with 4-hour pulmonary artery ligation and naïve control. Animals that developed stress ulcer presented with worse pulmonary infiltration, intracellular edema, and oxygenation but just slightly increased permeability. Immunoblotting showed significant upregulations of protein expression and phosphorylation of MLKL and RIPK3, cleaved Caspase-3, but not its prototype in 4-hour hypotension with stress ulcer. CONCLUSIONS Hypotensive lung injury is essentially a nonhypoxic ischemia-reperfusion injury enhanced by systemic responses. It is predominated by necroptosis-induced inflammation rather than necrosis-induced diffuse alveolar-capillary damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junyi Yu
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pa; Acute Lung Injury Center of Excellence, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pa; Department of Breast Neoplastic Surgery (25th Ward), Hunan Tumor Hospital, The Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Che Xu
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pa; Acute Lung Injury Center of Excellence, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pa; Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zongmei Wen
- Department of Anesthesia, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Guifang Wang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Agustin Alejandro Gil Silva
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pa
| | - Mark J Brown
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pa
| | - Pablo G Sanchez
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pa
| | - Xingan Wang
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pa; Acute Lung Injury Center of Excellence, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pa; Thomas E. Starzl Transplantation Institute, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pa.
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Das A, Wang X, Wei J, Hoji A, Coon TA, Popescu I, Brown M, Frizzell S, Iasella CJ, Noda K, Sembrat J, Devonshire K, Hannan SJ, Snyder ME, Pilewski J, Sanchez PG, Chandra D, Mallampalli RK, Alder JK, Chen BB, McDyer JF. Cross-Regulation of F-Box Protein FBXL2 with T-bet and TNF-α during Acute and Chronic Lung Allograft Rejection. JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY (BALTIMORE, MD. : 1950) 2022; 209:1788-1795. [PMID: 36113884 PMCID: PMC9588753 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.2200245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Chronic lung allograft dysfunction is the major barrier to long-term survival in lung transplant recipients. Evidence supports type 1 alloimmunity as the predominant response in acute/chronic lung rejection, but the immunoregulatory mechanisms remain incompletely understood. We studied the combinatorial F-box E3 ligase system: F-box protein 3 (FBXO3; proinflammatory) and F-box and leucine-rich repeat protein 2 (FBXL2; anti-inflammatory and regulates TNFR-associated factor [TRAF] protein). Using the mouse orthotopic lung transplant model, we evaluated allografts from BALB/c → C57BL/6 (acute rejection; day 10) and found significant induction of FBXO3 and diminished FBXL2 protein along with elevated T-bet, IFN-γ, and TRAF proteins 1-5 compared with isografts. In the acute model, treatment with costimulation blockade (MR1/CTLA4-Ig) resulted in attenuated FBXO3, preserved FBXL2, and substantially reduced T-bet, IFN-γ, and TRAFs 1-5, consistent with a key role for type 1 alloimmunity. Immunohistochemistry revealed significant changes in the FBXO3/FBXL2 balance in airway epithelia and infiltrating mononuclear cells during rejection compared with isografts or costimulation blockade-treated allografts. In the chronic lung rejection model, DBA/2J/C57BL/6F1 > DBA/2J (day 28), we observed persistently elevated FBXO3/FBXL2 balance and T-bet/IFN-γ protein and similar findings from lung transplant recipient lungs with chronic lung allograft dysfunction versus controls. We hypothesized that FBXL2 regulated T-bet and found FBXL2 was sufficient to polyubiquitinate T-bet and coimmunoprecipitated with T-bet on pulldown experiments and vice versa in Jurkat cells. Transfection with FBXL2 diminished T-bet protein in a dose-dependent manner in mouse lung epithelial cells. In testing type 1 cytokines, TNF-α was found to negatively regulate FBXL2 protein and mRNA levels. Together, our findings show the combinatorial E3 ligase FBXO3/FBXL2 system plays a role in the regulation of T-bet through FBXL2, with negative cross-regulation of TNF-α on FBXL2 during lung allograft rejection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antu Das
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine; Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, 15213, USA
| | - Xingan Wang
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine; Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, 15213, USA
| | - Jianxin Wei
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine; Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, 15213, USA
| | - Aki Hoji
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine; Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, 15213, USA
| | - Tiffany A. Coon
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine; Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, 15213, USA
| | - Iulia Popescu
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine; Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, 15213, USA
| | - Mark Brown
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine; Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, 15213, USA
| | - Sheila Frizzell
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine; Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, 15213, USA
| | - Carlo J. Iasella
- Department of Pharmacy and Therapeutics, University of Pittsburgh School of Pharmacy; Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, 15213, USA
| | - Kentaro Noda
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine; Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, 15213, USA
| | - John Sembrat
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine; Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, 15213, USA
| | - Kaitlyn Devonshire
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine; Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, 15213, USA
| | - Stefanie J. Hannan
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine; Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, 15213, USA
| | - Mark E. Snyder
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine; Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, 15213, USA
| | - Joseph Pilewski
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine; Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, 15213, USA
| | - Pablo G. Sanchez
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine; Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, 15213, USA
| | - Divay Chandra
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine; Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, 15213, USA
| | - Rama K. Mallampalli
- Department of Medicine, Ohio State University School of Medicine; Columbus, Ohio, 43210, USA
| | - Jonathan K. Alder
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine; Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, 15213, USA
| | - Bill B. Chen
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine; Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, 15213, USA,Aging Institute, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine; Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, 15213, USA
| | - John F. McDyer
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine; Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, 15213, USA
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