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Rao K, Rochon E, Singh A, Jagannathan R, Peng Z, Mansoor H, Wang B, Moulik M, Zhang M, Saraf A, Corti P, Shiva S. Myoglobin modulates the Hippo pathway to promote cardiomyocyte differentiation. iScience 2024; 27:109146. [PMID: 38414852 PMCID: PMC10897895 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2024.109146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2023] [Revised: 09/30/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 02/29/2024] Open
Abstract
The endogenous mechanisms that propagate cardiomyocyte differentiation and prevent de-differentiation remain unclear. While the expression of the heme protein myoglobin increases by over 50% during cardiomyocyte differentiation, a role for myoglobin in regulating cardiomyocyte differentiation has not been tested. Here, we show that deletion of myoglobin in cardiomyocyte models decreases the gene expression of differentiation markers and stimulates cellular proliferation, consistent with cardiomyocyte de-differentiation. Mechanistically, the heme prosthetic group of myoglobin catalyzes the oxidation of the Hippo pathway kinase LATS1, resulting in phosphorylation and inactivation of yes-associated protein (YAP). In vivo, myoglobin-deficient zebrafish hearts show YAP dephosphorylation and accelerated cardiac regeneration after apical injury. Similarly, myoglobin knockdown in neonatal murine hearts shows increased YAP dephosphorylation and cardiomyocyte cycling. These data demonstrate a novel role for myoglobin as an endogenous driver of cardiomyocyte differentiation and highlight myoglobin as a potential target to enhance cardiac development and improve cardiac repair and regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krithika Rao
- Heart, Lung, Blood Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | - Elizabeth Rochon
- Heart, Lung, Blood Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | - Anuradha Singh
- Heart, Lung, Blood Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | - Rajaganapathi Jagannathan
- Heart, Lung, Blood Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | - Zishan Peng
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Haris Mansoor
- Heart and Vascular Institute Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine and Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Bing Wang
- Molecular Therapy Lab, Stem Cell Research Center, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | - Mousumi Moulik
- Heart, Lung, Blood Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | - Manling Zhang
- Heart, Lung, Blood Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
- Division of Cardiology, Veteran Affair Pittsburgh Healthcare System, Pittsburgh, PA 15240, USA
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Anita Saraf
- Heart and Vascular Institute Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine and Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Paola Corti
- Heart, Lung, Blood Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Sruti Shiva
- Heart, Lung, Blood Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
- Department of Pharmacology & Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
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2
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Nasir NJM, Heemskerk H, Jenkins J, Hamadee NH, Bunte R, Tucker-Kellogg L. Myoglobin-derived iron causes wound enlargement and impaired regeneration in pressure injuries of muscle. eLife 2023; 12:85633. [PMID: 37267120 DOI: 10.7554/elife.85633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The reasons for poor healing of pressure injuries are poorly understood. Vascular ulcers are worsened by extracellular release of hemoglobin, so we examined the impact of myoglobin (Mb) iron in murine muscle pressure injuries (mPI). Tests used Mb-knockout or treatment with deferoxamine iron chelator (DFO). Unlike acute injuries from cardiotoxin, mPI regenerated poorly with a lack of viable immune cells, persistence of dead tissue (necro-slough), and abnormal deposition of iron. However, Mb-knockout or DFO-treated mPI displayed a reversal of the pathology: decreased tissue death, decreased iron deposition, decrease in markers of oxidative damage, and higher numbers of intact immune cells. Subsequently, DFO treatment improved myofiber regeneration and morphology. We conclude that myoglobin iron contributes to tissue death in mPI. Remarkably, a large fraction of muscle death in untreated mPI occurred later than, and was preventable by, DFO treatment, even though treatment started 12 hr after pressure was removed. This demonstrates an opportunity for post-pressure prevention to salvage tissue viability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nurul Jannah Mohamed Nasir
- Cancer & Stem Cell Biology, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
- Centre for Computational Biology, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Hans Heemskerk
- Cancer & Stem Cell Biology, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
- BioSyM and CAMP Interdisciplinary Research Group, Singapore-MIT Alliance for Research and Technology, CREATE, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Julia Jenkins
- Cancer & Stem Cell Biology, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
| | | | - Ralph Bunte
- Cancer & Stem Cell Biology, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Lisa Tucker-Kellogg
- Cancer & Stem Cell Biology, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
- Centre for Computational Biology, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
- BioSyM and CAMP Interdisciplinary Research Group, Singapore-MIT Alliance for Research and Technology, CREATE, Singapore, Singapore
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3
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Rau A, Passet B, Castille J, Daniel-Carlier N, Asset A, Lecardonnel J, Moroldo M, Jaffrézic F, Laloë D, Moazami-Goudarzi K, Vilotte JL. Potential genetic robustness of Prnp and Sprn double knockout mouse embryos towards ShRNA-lentiviral inoculation. Vet Res 2022; 53:54. [PMID: 35799279 PMCID: PMC9264527 DOI: 10.1186/s13567-022-01075-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
The Shadoo and PrP prion protein family members are thought to be functionally related, but previous knockdown/knockout experiments in early mouse embryogenesis have provided seemingly contradictory results. In particular, Shadoo was found to be indispensable in the absence of PrP in knockdown analyses, but a double-knockout of the two had little phenotypic impact. We investigated this apparent discrepancy by comparing transcriptomes of WT, Prnp0/0 and Prnp0/0Sprn0/0 E6.5 mouse embryos following inoculation by Sprn- or Prnp-ShRNA lentiviral vectors. Our results suggest the possibility of genetic adaptation in Prnp0/0Sprn0/0 mice, thus providing a potential explanation for their previously observed resilience.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Rau
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, GABI, 78350, Jouy-en-Josas, France. .,BioEcoAgro Joint Research Unit, INRAE, Université de Liège, Université de Lille, Université de Picardie Jules Verne, 80203, Péronne, France.
| | - Bruno Passet
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, GABI, 78350, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Johan Castille
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, GABI, 78350, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | | | - Alexandre Asset
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, GABI, 78350, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Jérome Lecardonnel
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, GABI, 78350, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Marco Moroldo
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, GABI, 78350, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Florence Jaffrézic
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, GABI, 78350, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Denis Laloë
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, GABI, 78350, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | | | - Jean-Luc Vilotte
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, GABI, 78350, Jouy-en-Josas, France
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4
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Abu-Toamih Atamni HJ, Kontogianni G, Binenbaum I, Mott R, Himmelbauer H, Lehrach H, Chatziioannou A, Iraqi FA. Hepatic gene expression variations in response to high-fat diet-induced impaired glucose tolerance using RNAseq analysis in collaborative cross mouse population. Mamm Genome 2019; 30:260-275. [PMID: 31650267 DOI: 10.1007/s00335-019-09816-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2019] [Accepted: 10/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Hepatic gene expression is known to differ between healthy and type 2 diabetes conditions. Identifying these variations will provide better knowledge to the development of gene-targeted therapies. The aim of this study is to assess diet-induced hepatic gene expression of susceptible versus resistant CC lines to T2D development. Next-generation RNA-sequencing was performed for 84 livers of diabetic and non-diabetic mice of 41 different CC lines (both sexes) following 12 weeks on high-fat diet (42% fat). Data analysis revealed significant variations of hepatic gene expression in diabetic versus non-diabetic mice with significant sex effect, where 601 genes were differentially expressed (DE) in overall population (males and females), 718 genes in female mice, and 599 genes in male mice. Top prioritized DE candidate genes were Lepr, Ins2, Mb, Ckm, Mrap2, and Ckmt2 for the overall population; for females-only group were Hdc, Serpina12, Socs1, Socs2, and Mb, while for males-only group were Serpine1, Mb, Ren1, Slc4a1, and Atp2a1. Data analysis for sex differences revealed 193 DE genes in health (Top: Lepr, Cav1, Socs2, Abcg2, and Col5a3), and 389 genes DE between diabetic females versus males (Top: Lepr, Clps, Ins2, Cav1, and Mrap2). Furthermore, integrating gene expression results with previously published QTL, we identified significant variants mapped at chromosomes at positions 36-49 Mb, 62-71 Mb, and 79-99 Mb, on chromosomes 9, 11, and 12, respectively. Our findings emphasize the complexity of T2D development and that significantly controlled by host complex genetic factors. As well, we demonstrate the significant sex differences between males and females during health and increasing to extent levels during disease/diabetes. Altogether, opening the venue for further studies targets the discovery of effective sex-specific and personalized preventions and therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- H J Abu-Toamih Atamni
- Department of Clinical Microbiology and Immunology, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Ramat Aviv, 69978, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - G Kontogianni
- Institute of Biology, Medicinal Chemistry & Biotechnology, National Hellenic Research Foundation, Athens, Greece
| | - I Binenbaum
- Institute of Biology, Medicinal Chemistry & Biotechnology, National Hellenic Research Foundation, Athens, Greece.,Department of Biology, University of Patras, Patras, Greece
| | - R Mott
- Department of Genetics, University College of London, London, UK
| | - H Himmelbauer
- Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), Barcelona, Spain.,Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain.,University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences (BOKU), Vienna, Austria
| | - H Lehrach
- Department of Vertebrate Genomics, Max Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics, Berlin, Germany
| | - A Chatziioannou
- Institute of Biology, Medicinal Chemistry & Biotechnology, National Hellenic Research Foundation, Athens, Greece.,e-NIOS Applications PC, 17671, Kallithea, Greece
| | - Fuad A Iraqi
- Department of Clinical Microbiology and Immunology, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Ramat Aviv, 69978, Tel Aviv, Israel.
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Bock JM, Kruse NT, Donnelly C, Hirai DM, Craig JC, Colburn TD, Musch TI, Poole DC, Rosenberry R, Tian F, Liu H, Nelson MD, Piknova B, Willis WT, Zuo L, Zhou T, Riveros-Rivera A, Cristancho E, Gunga HC. Commentaries on Viewpoint: Managing the power grid: How myoglobin can regulate Po 2 and energy distribution in skeletal muscle. J Appl Physiol (1985) 2019; 126:791-794. [PMID: 30907709 DOI: 10.1152/japplphysiol.01107.2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Joshua M Bock
- Department of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation Science, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa
| | - Nicholas T Kruse
- Department of Internal Medicine, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa
| | - Chris Donnelly
- Institute of Sport Sciences and Department of Physiology, University of Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Daniel M Hirai
- Department of Health and Kinesiology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana
| | - Jesse C Craig
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah,Geriatric Research, Education, and Clinical Center, Salt Lake City VAMC, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Trenton D Colburn
- Department of Kinesiology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas
| | - Timothy I Musch
- Department of Kinesiology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas,Department of Anatomy and Physiology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas
| | - David C Poole
- Department of Kinesiology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas,Department of Anatomy and Physiology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas
| | - Ryan Rosenberry
- Department of Kinesiology, University of Texas at Arlington, Texas
| | - Fenghua Tian
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Texas at Arlington, Texas
| | - Hanli Liu
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Texas at Arlington, Texas
| | - Michael D Nelson
- Department of Kinesiology, University of Texas at Arlington, Texas,Department of Bioengineering, University of Texas at Arlington, Texas
| | - Barbora Piknova
- Molecular Medicine Branch, NIDDK National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | | | - Li Zuo
- Radiologic Sciences and Respiratory Therapy Division, School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio,Interdisciplinary Biophysics Graduate Program, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio,Department of Biology, University of Maine, Presque Isle, Maine
| | - Tingyang Zhou
- Radiologic Sciences and Respiratory Therapy Division, School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio,Interdisciplinary Biophysics Graduate Program, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Alain Riveros-Rivera
- Institute of Physiology, Center for Space Medicine and Extreme Environments, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany
| | - Edgar Cristancho
- Department of Biology. Universidad Nacional de Colombia. Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Hanns-Christian Gunga
- Institute of Physiology, Center for Space Medicine and Extreme Environments, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany
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6
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Chintapalli SV, Anishkin A, Adams SH. Exploring the entry route of palmitic acid and palmitoylcarnitine into myoglobin. Arch Biochem Biophys 2018; 655:56-66. [PMID: 30092229 DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2018.07.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2018] [Revised: 07/23/2018] [Accepted: 07/31/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Myoglobin, besides its role in oxygen turnover, has gained recognition as a potential regulator of lipid metabolism. Previously, we confirmed the interaction of fatty acids and acylcarnitines with Oxy-Myoglobin, using both molecular dynamic simulations and Isothermal Titration Calorimetry studies. However, those studies were limited to testing only the binding sites derived from homology to fatty acid binding proteins and predictions using automated docking. To explore the entry mechanisms of the lipid ligands into myoglobin, we conducted molecular dynamic simulations of murine Oxy- and Deoxy-Mb structures with palmitate or palmitoylcarnitine starting at different positions near the protein surface. The simulations indicated that both ligands readily (under ∼10-20 ns) enter the Oxy-Mb structure through a dynamic area ("portal region") near heme, known to be the entry point for small molecule gaseous ligands like O2, CO and NO. The entry is not observed with Deoxy-Mb where lipid ligands move away from protein surface, due to a compaction of the entry portal and the heme-containing crevice in the Mb protein upon O2 removal. The results suggest quick spontaneous binding of lipids to Mb driven by hydrophobic interactions, strongly enhanced by oxygenation, and consistent with the emergent role of Mb in lipid metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sree V Chintapalli
- Arkansas Children's Nutrition Center -and- Department of Pediatrics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, USA.
| | - Andriy Anishkin
- Department of Biology, University of Maryland, College Park, USA
| | - Sean H Adams
- Arkansas Children's Nutrition Center -and- Department of Pediatrics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, USA
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7
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Postnikova GB, Shekhovtsova EA. Myoglobin: Oxygen Depot or Oxygen Transporter to Mitochondria? A Novel Mechanism of Myoglobin Deoxygenation in Cells (review). BIOCHEMISTRY (MOSCOW) 2018; 83:168-183. [PMID: 29618303 DOI: 10.1134/s0006297918020098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
In this review, we shortly summarize the data of our studies (and also corresponding studies of other authors) on the new mechanism of myoglobin (Mb) deoxygenation in a cell, according to which Mb acts as an oxygen transporter, and its affinity for the ligand, like in other transporting proteins, is regulated by the interaction with the target, in our case, mitochondria (Mch). We firstly found that contrary to previously formulated and commonly accepted concepts, oxymyoglobin (MbO2) deoxygenation occurs only via interaction of the protein with respiring mitochondria (low pO2 values are necessary but not sufficient for this process to proceed). Detailed studies of the mechanism of Mb-Mch interaction by various physicochemical methods using natural and artificial bilayer phospholipid membranes showed that: (i) the rate of MbO2 deoxygenation in the presence of respiring Mch fully coincides with the rate of O2 uptake by mitochondria from a solution irrespectively of their state (native coupled, freshly frozen, or FCCP-uncoupled), i.e. it is determined by the respiratory activity of Mch; (ii) Mb nonspecifically binds to membrane phospholipids of the outer mitochondrial membrane, while any Mb-specific protein or phospholipid sites on it are lacking; (iii) oxygen uptake by Mch from a solution and the uptake of Mb-bound oxygen are two different processes, as their rates are differently affected by proteins (e.g. lysozyme) that compete with MbO2 for binding to the mitochondrial membrane; (iv) electrostatic forces significantly contribute to the Mb-membrane interactions; the dependence of these interactions on ionic strength is provided by the local electrostatic interactions between anionic groups of phospholipids (the heads) and invariant Lys and Arg residues near the Mb heme pocket; (v) interactions of Mb with phospholipid membranes promote conformational changes in the protein, primarily in its heme pocket, without significant alterations in the protein secondary and tertiary structures; and (vi) Mb-membrane interactions lead to decrease in the affinity of myoglobin for O2, which could be monitored by the increase in the MbO2 autooxidation rate under aerobic conditions and under anaerobic ones, by the shift in the MbO2/Mb(2) equilibrium towards the ligand-free protein. The decrease in the affinity of Mb for the ligand should facilitate O2 dissociation from MbO2 at physiological pO2 values in cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- G B Postnikova
- Institute of Cell Biophysics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, Moscow Region, 142290, Russia.
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8
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Ankyrin Repeat Domain 1 Protein: A Functionally Pleiotropic Protein with Cardiac Biomarker Potential. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:ijms18071362. [PMID: 28672880 PMCID: PMC5535855 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18071362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2017] [Revised: 06/20/2017] [Accepted: 06/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The ankyrin repeat domain 1 (ANKRD1) protein is a cardiac-specific stress-response protein that is part of the muscle ankyrin repeat protein family. ANKRD1 is functionally pleiotropic, playing pivotal roles in transcriptional regulation, sarcomere assembly and mechano-sensing in the heart. Importantly, cardiac ANKRD1 has been shown to be highly induced in various cardiomyopathies and in heart failure, although it is still unclear what impact this may have on the pathophysiology of heart failure. This review aims at highlighting the known properties, functions and regulation of ANKRD1, with focus on the underlying mechanisms that may be involved. The current views on the actions of ANKRD1 in cardiovascular disease and its utility as a candidate cardiac biomarker with diagnostic and/or prognostic potential are also discussed. More studies of ANKRD1 are warranted to obtain deeper functional insights into this molecule to allow assessment of its potential clinical applications as a diagnostic or prognostic marker and/or as a possible therapeutic target.
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9
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Knapp AE, Goldberg D, Delavar H, Trisko BM, Tang K, Hogan MC, Wagner PD, Breen EC. Skeletal myofiber VEGF regulates contraction-induced perfusion and exercise capacity but not muscle capillarity in adult mice. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 2016; 311:R192-9. [PMID: 27225953 DOI: 10.1152/ajpregu.00533.2015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2015] [Accepted: 05/17/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
A single bout of exhaustive exercise signals expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in the exercising muscle. Previous studies have reported that mice with life-long deletion of skeletal myofiber VEGF have fewer capillaries and a severe reduction in endurance exercise. However, in adult mice, VEGF gene deletion conditionally targeted to skeletal myofibers limits exercise capacity without evidence of capillary regression. To explain this, we hypothesized that adult skeletal myofiber VEGF acutely regulates skeletal muscle perfusion during muscle contraction. A tamoxifen-inducible skeletal myofiber-specific VEGF gene deletion mouse (skmVEGF-/-) was used to reduce skeletal muscle VEGF protein by 90% in adult mice. Three weeks after inducing deletion of the skeletal myofiber VEGF gene, skmVEGF-/- mice exhibited diminished maximum running speed (-10%, P < 0.05) and endurance capacity (-47%; P < 0.05), which did not persist after 8 wk. In skmVEGF-/- mice, gastrocnemius complex time to fatigue measured in situ was 71% lower than control mice. Contraction-induced perfusion measured by optical imaging during a period of electrically stimulated muscle contraction was 85% lower in skmVEGF-/- than control mice. No evidence of capillary rarefication was detected in the soleus, gastrocnemius, and extensor digitorum longus (EDL) up to 8 wk after tamoxifen-induced VEGF ablation, and contractility and fatigue resistance of the soleus measured ex vivo were also unchanged. The force-frequency of the EDL showed a small right shift, but fatigue resistance did not differ between EDL from control and skmVEGF-/- mice. These data suggest myofiber VEGF is required for regulating perfusion during periods of contraction and may in this manner affect endurance capacity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy E Knapp
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Daniel Goldberg
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Hamid Delavar
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Breanna M Trisko
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Kechun Tang
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Michael C Hogan
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Peter D Wagner
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Ellen C Breen
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
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10
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Glancy B, Hsu LY, Dao L, Bakalar M, French S, Chess DJ, Taylor JL, Picard M, Aponte A, Daniels MP, Esfahani S, Cushman S, Balaban RS. In vivo microscopy reveals extensive embedding of capillaries within the sarcolemma of skeletal muscle fibers. Microcirculation 2015; 21:131-47. [PMID: 25279425 DOI: 10.1111/micc.12098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2013] [Accepted: 10/03/2013] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To provide insight into mitochondrial function in vivo, we evaluated the 3D spatial relationship between capillaries, mitochondria, and muscle fibers in live mice. METHODS 3D volumes of in vivo murine TA muscles were imaged by MPM. Muscle fiber type, mitochondrial distribution, number of capillaries, and capillary-to-fiber contact were assessed. The role of Mb-facilitated diffusion was examined in Mb KO mice. Distribution of GLUT4 was also evaluated in the context of the capillary and mitochondrial network. RESULTS MPM revealed that 43.6 ± 3.3% of oxidative fiber capillaries had ≥50% of their circumference embedded in a groove in the sarcolemma, in vivo. Embedded capillaries were tightly associated with dense mitochondrial populations lateral to capillary grooves and nearly absent below the groove. Mitochondrial distribution, number of embedded capillaries, and capillary-to-fiber contact were proportional to fiber oxidative capacity and unaffected by Mb KO. GLUT4 did not preferentially localize to embedded capillaries. CONCLUSIONS Embedding capillaries in the sarcolemma may provide a regulatory mechanism to optimize delivery of oxygen to heterogeneous groups of muscle fibers. We hypothesize that mitochondria locate to PV regions due to myofibril voids created by embedded capillaries, not to enhance the delivery of oxygen to the mitochondria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian Glancy
- Laboratory of Cardiac Energetics, NHLBI, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
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11
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Souza KDP, Nunes MT. Neonatal hyper- and hypothyroidism alter the myoglobin gene expression program in adulthood. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015; 47:670-8. [PMID: 25098716 PMCID: PMC4165294 DOI: 10.1590/1414-431x20142875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2014] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Myoglobin acts as an oxygen store and a reactive oxygen species acceptor in muscles.
We examined myoglobin mRNA in rat cardiac ventricle and skeletal muscles during the
first 42 days of life and the impact of transient neonatal hypo- and hyperthyroidism
on the myoglobin gene expression pattern. Cardiac ventricle and skeletal muscles of
Wistar rats at 7-42 days of life were quickly removed, and myoglobin mRNA was
determined by Northern blot analysis. Rats were treated with propylthiouracil (5-10
mg/100 g) and triiodothyronine (0.5-50 µg/100 g) for 5, 15, or 30 days after birth to
induce hypo- and hyperthyroidism and euthanized either just after treatment or at 90
days. During postnatal (P) days 7-28, the ventricle myoglobin mRNA remained
unchanged, but it gradually increased in skeletal muscle (12-fold). Triiodothyronine
treatment, from days P0-P5, increased the skeletal muscle myoglobin mRNA 1.5- to
4.5-fold; a 2.5-fold increase was observed in ventricle muscle, but only when
triiodothyronine treatment was extended to day P15. Conversely, hypothyroidism at P5
markedly decreased (60%) ventricular myoglobin mRNA. Moreover, transient
hyperthyroidism in the neonatal period increased ventricle myoglobin mRNA (2-fold),
and decreased heart rate (5%), fast muscle myoglobin mRNA (30%) and body weight (20%)
in adulthood. Transient hypothyroidism in the neonatal period also permanently
decreased fast muscle myoglobin mRNA (30%) and body weight (14%). These results
indicated that changes in triiodothyronine supply in the neonatal period alter the
myoglobin expression program in ventricle and skeletal muscle, leading to specific
physiological repercussions and alterations in other parameters in adulthood.
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Affiliation(s)
- K de Picoli Souza
- Faculdade de Ciências Biológicas e Ambientais, Universidade Federal da Grande Dourados, Dourados, MS, Brasil
| | - M T Nunes
- Departamento de Fisiologia e Biofísica, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brasil
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The elusive importance of being a mitochondrial Ca2+ uniporter. Cell Calcium 2014; 55:139-45. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ceca.2014.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2014] [Accepted: 02/07/2014] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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Clanton TL, Hogan MC, Gladden LB. Regulation of cellular gas exchange, oxygen sensing, and metabolic control. Compr Physiol 2013; 3:1135-90. [PMID: 23897683 DOI: 10.1002/cphy.c120030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Cells must continuously monitor and couple their metabolic requirements for ATP utilization with their ability to take up O2 for mitochondrial respiration. When O2 uptake and delivery move out of homeostasis, cells have elaborate and diverse sensing and response systems to compensate. In this review, we explore the biophysics of O2 and gas diffusion in the cell, how intracellular O2 is regulated, how intracellular O2 levels are sensed and how sensing systems impact mitochondrial respiration and shifts in metabolic pathways. Particular attention is paid to how O2 affects the redox state of the cell, as well as the NO, H2S, and CO concentrations. We also explore how these agents can affect various aspects of gas exchange and activate acute signaling pathways that promote survival. Two kinds of challenges to gas exchange are also discussed in detail: when insufficient O2 is available for respiration (hypoxia) and when metabolic requirements test the limits of gas exchange (exercising skeletal muscle). This review also focuses on responses to acute hypoxia in the context of the original "unifying theory of hypoxia tolerance" as expressed by Hochachka and colleagues. It includes discourse on the regulation of mitochondrial electron transport, metabolic suppression, shifts in metabolic pathways, and recruitment of cell survival pathways preventing collapse of membrane potential and nuclear apoptosis. Regarding exercise, the issues discussed relate to the O2 sensitivity of metabolic rate, O2 kinetics in exercise, and influences of available O2 on glycolysis and lactate production.
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Affiliation(s)
- T L Clanton
- Department of Applied Physiology and Kinesiology, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA.
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Ye J, Chen Z, Wang T, Tong J, Li X, Jiang J, Chen E, Lu Y. Role of tissue disorder markers in the evaluation of disease progress and outcome prediction: a prospective cohort study in non-cardiac critically ill patients. J Clin Lab Anal 2011; 24:376-84. [PMID: 21089167 DOI: 10.1002/jcla.20397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation (APACHE) has a remarkable association with clinical syndrome, life expectancy, and length of ward stay. But the defects are obvious. It is crucial to detect an effective and convenient evaluation method to monitor disease progress and predict outcome. OBJECTIVE To determine whether myoglobin (Mb) and other five tissue disorder biomarkers, troponin-I, creatine-kinase, creatine kinase-muscle brain, aspartate aminotransferase, and lactate dehydrogenase are independent predictors of disease progress and mortality in non-cardiac critical illness. METHODS A prospective study with 179 patients admitted to the Intensive Care Unit was conducted. All serum tissue disorder markers and APACHE-II score were measured within 24 hr of admission. RESULTS All the six biomarkers were significantly correlated with disease severity stratified by APACHE-II and outcome. Serial blood samples were taken from 17 patients on detection of two new organs failure. The occurrence of organs failure was significantly associated with the elevation of Mb, troponin-I, and APACHE-II. Multivariate analysis demonstrated that elevated Mb was the principal risk factor related to mortality either during hospitalization or 180-day followup. Kaplan-Meier method and log-rank test also showed that patients with elevated Mb levels had significantly shorter survival. The mortality was higher in patients with both Mb>500 ng/ml and APACHE-II>20 than in those with only Mb>500 ng/ml or APACHE-II>20. CONCLUSION All the six tissue disorder markers are predictors of disease severity, organ failure, and outcome in non-cardiac critically illness. Among them, Mb plays a pivotable role. The combined use of Mb and APACHE-II suggest an effective method to determine the outcome of critical ill syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Ye
- Emergency Department, Shanghai Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Molojavyi A, Lindecke A, Raupach A, Moellendorf S, Köhrer K, Gödecke A. Myoglobin-deficient mice activate a distinct cardiac gene expression program in response to isoproterenol-induced hypertrophy. Physiol Genomics 2010; 41:137-45. [PMID: 20145201 DOI: 10.1152/physiolgenomics.90297.2008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Myoglobin knockout mice (myo-/-) adapt to the loss of myoglobin by the activation of a variety of compensatory mechanisms acting on the structural and functional level. To analyze to what extent myo-/- mice would tolerate cardiac stress we used the model of chronic isoproterenol application to induce cardiac hypertrophy in myo-/- mice and wild-type (WT) controls. After 14 days of isoproterenol infusion cardiac hypertrophy in WT and myo-/- mice reached a similar level. WT mice developed lung edema and left ventricular dilatation suggesting the development of heart failure. In contrast, myo-/- mice displayed conserved cardiac function and no signs of left ventricular dilatation. Analysis of the cardiac gene expression profiles using 40K mouse oligonucleotide arrays showed that isoproterenol affected the expression of 180 genes in WT but only 92 genes of myo-/- hearts. Only 40 of these genes were regulated in WT as well as in myo-/- hearts. In WT hearts a pronounced induction of genes of the extracellular matrix occurred suggesting a higher level of cardiac remodeling. myo-/- hearts showed altered transcription of genes involved in carbon metabolism, inhibition of apoptosis and muscular repair. Interestingly, a subset of genes that was altered in myo-/- mice already under basal conditions was differentially expressed in WT hearts under isoproterenol treatment. In summary, our data show a high capacity of myoglobin-deficient mice to adapt to catecholamine induced cardiac stress which is associated with activation of a distinct cardiac gene expression program.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrei Molojavyi
- Institut für Herz- und Kreislaufphysiologie, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, 40001 Düsseldorf, Germany
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Kanatous SB, Mammen PPA, Rosenberg PB, Martin CM, White MD, Dimaio JM, Huang G, Muallem S, Garry DJ. Hypoxia reprograms calcium signaling and regulates myoglobin expression. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2008; 296:C393-402. [PMID: 19005161 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00428.2008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Myoglobin is an oxygen storage molecule that is selectively expressed in cardiac and slow-twitch skeletal muscles that have a high oxygen demand. Numerous studies have implicated hypoxia in the regulation of myoglobin expression as an adaptive response to hypoxic stress. However, the details of this relationship remain undefined. In the present study, adult mice exposed to 10% oxygen for periods up to 3 wk exhibited increased myoglobin expression only in the working heart, whereas myoglobin was either diminished or unchanged in skeletal muscle groups. In vitro and in vivo studies revealed that hypoxia in the presence or absence of exercise-induced stimuli reprograms calcium signaling and modulates myoglobin gene expression. Hypoxia alone significantly altered calcium influx in response to cell depolarization or depletion of endoplasmic reticulum calcium stores, which inhibited the expression of myoglobin. In contrast, our whole animal and transcriptional studies indicate that hypoxia in combination with exercise enhanced the release of calcium from the sarcoplasmic reticulum via the ryanodine receptors triggered by caffeine, which increased the translocation of nuclear factor of activated T-cells into the nucleus to transcriptionally activate myoglobin expression. The present study unveils a previously unrecognized mechanism where the hypoxia-mediated regulation of calcium transients from different intracellular pools modulates myoglobin gene expression. In addition, we observed that changes in myoglobin expression, in response to hypoxia, are not dependent on hypoxia-inducible factor-1 or changes in skeletal muscle fiber type. These studies enhance our understanding of hypoxia-mediated gene regulation and will have broad applications for the treatment of myopathic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shane B Kanatous
- Department of Biology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
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Wagner PD, Olfert IM, Tang K, Breen EC. Muscle-targeted deletion of VEGF and exercise capacity in mice. Respir Physiol Neurobiol 2005; 151:159-66. [PMID: 16344007 DOI: 10.1016/j.resp.2005.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2005] [Revised: 09/13/2005] [Accepted: 09/14/2005] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Methods to study exercise are evolving from classically integrative organ approaches towards the more fundamental cellular reactions. While in vitro cellular and molecular methods are well established, only recently has in vivo molecular manipulation been widely used. This review discusses two complementary methods for determining in vivo the significance of one gene thought important to exercise: vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). Because VEGF deletion is embryonically lethal, its study requires conditional and/or organ-targeted strategies. We inactivated the muscle VEGF gene in two ways:
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter D Wagner
- Division of Physiology, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, DEPT 0623A, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA.
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Vallée JP, Ivancevic MK, Nguyen D, Morel DR, Jaconi M. Current status of cardiac MRI in small animals. MAGNETIC RESONANCE MATERIALS IN PHYSICS BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE 2004; 17:149-56. [PMID: 15605278 DOI: 10.1007/s10334-004-0066-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2004] [Revised: 08/27/2004] [Accepted: 09/15/2004] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) on small animals is possible but remains challenging and not well standardized. This publication aims to provide an overview of the current techniques, applications and challenges of cardiac MRI in small animals for researchers interested in moving into this field. Solutions have been developed to obtain a reliable cardiac trigger in both the rat and the mouse. Techniques to measure ventricular function and mass have been well validated and are used by several research groups. More advanced techniques like perfusion imaging, delayed enhancement or tag imaging are emerging. Regarding cardiac applications, not only coronary ischemic disease but several other pathologies or conditions including cardiopathies in transgenic animals have already benefited from these new developments. Therefore, cardiac MRI has a bright future for research in small animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- J-P Vallée
- Digital Imaging Unit, Radiology and Medical Informatics Department, Geneva University Hospitals, CH-1211, Geneva 14, Switzerland.
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Flögel U, Gödecke A, Klotz LO, Schrader J. Role of myoglobin in the antioxidant defense of the heart. FASEB J 2004; 18:1156-8. [PMID: 15132981 DOI: 10.1096/fj.03-1382fje] [Citation(s) in RCA: 121] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Although the primary function of myoglobin (Mb) has been considered to be cellular O2 storage and supply, recent studies have shown that Mb in addition can act as NO oxidase. Here we report that Mb also significantly contributes to the attenuation of oxidative stress in cardiac muscle. In support of this hypothesis, we found that in isolated perfused hearts of Mb-deficient (myo-/-) mice oxidative challenge by intracoronary infused H2O2 (1-300 microM) or superoxide formed by 2,3-dimethoxy-1,4-naphtoquinone (0.1-30 microM), respectively, depressed cardiac contractility to a greater extent than in wild-type (WT) hearts, e.g., up to [H2O2] = 10 microM there was a significant left ventricular developed pressure (LVDP) decrease in myo-/- hearts only (90.4+/-4.2 vs. 98.1+/-0.7% of control, n=6, P<0.05). Likewise in an ischemia/reperfusion protocol, myo-/- hearts showed a delayed recovery of postischemic function as compared with WT controls (e.g., LVDP was 35.6+/-7.5 vs. 22.4+/-5.3 mmHg, respectively, after 10 min of reperfusion, P<0.05, n=8), which correlated well with an enhanced release of reactive oxygen species in myo-/- hearts as measured by online lucigenin-enhanced chemiluminescence [e.g. 465+/-87 relative light units (RLU) in myo-/- vs. 287+/-73 RLU in WT after 2.5 min of reperfusion, P<0.05, n=8]. (31)P NMR spectroscopy revealed concomitantly a more pronounced phosphocreatine overshoot during reperfusion in the knockout but only minute alterations in ATP and pHi. Our data show that lack of Mb leads to increased vulnerability of cardiac function to oxidative challenge either pharmacologically induced or endogenously generated. We propose that Mb is a key element influencing redox pathways in cardiac muscle to functionally and metabolically protect the heart from oxidative damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ulrich Flögel
- Institut für Herz- und Kreislaufphysiologie, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Universitätsstrasse 1, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany.
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