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Khodadi S, Karbassi A, Tavakoli O, Baghdadi M, Zare Z. Simultaneous dairy wastewater treatment and bioelectricity production in a new microbial fuel cell using photosynthetic Synechococcus. Int Microbiol 2023; 26:741-756. [PMID: 36680697 DOI: 10.1007/s10123-023-00328-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Revised: 01/04/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Photosynthetic microbial fuel cell (PMFC) is a novel technology, which employs organic pollutants and organisms to produce electrons and biomass and capture CO2 by bio-reactions. In this study, a new PMFC was developed based on Synechococcus sp. as a biocathode, and dairy wastewater was used in the anode chamber. Different experiments including batch feed mode, semi-continuous feed mode, Synechococcus feedstock to the anode chamber, Synechococcus-Chlorella mixed system, the feedstock of treated wastewater to the cathode chamber, and use of extra nutrients in the anodic chamber were performed to investigate the behavior of the PMFC system. The results indicated that the PMFC with a semi-continuous feed mode is more effective than a batch mode for electricity generation and pollutant removal. Herein, maximum power density, chemical oxygen demand removal, and Coulombic efficiency were 6.95 mW/m2 (450 Ω internal resistance), 62.94, and 43.16%, respectively, through mixing Synechococcus sp. and Chlorella algae in the batch-fed mode. The maximum nitrate and orthophosphate removal rates were 98.83 and 68.5%, respectively, wherein treated wastewater in the anode was added to the cathode. No significant difference in Synechococcus growth rate was found between the cathodic chamber of PMFC and the control cultivation cell. The heating value of the biocathode biomass at maximum Synechococcus growth rate (adding glucose into the anode chamber) was 0.2235 MJ/Kg, indicating the cell's high ability for carbon dioxide recovery. This study investigated not only simultaneous bioelectricity production and dairy wastewater in a new PMFC using Synechococcus sp. but also studied several operational parameters and presented useful information about their effect on PMFC performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sahar Khodadi
- School of Environment, College of Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Abdolreza Karbassi
- School of Environment, College of Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Omid Tavakoli
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Majid Baghdadi
- School of Environment, College of Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zeinab Zare
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
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Bhuvanendran RK, Bhuvaneshwari S. Hybrid electrocoagulation reactor for dairy wastewater treatment and methodology for sludge reusability for the development of vermicompost. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:90960-90979. [PMID: 37468784 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-28805-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 07/21/2023]
Abstract
The dairy industry is a high-water-consuming sector, making water conservation crucial, especially in countries like India that are top milk producers and have large populations. This research evaluates the performance and effluent characterization of dairy effluent treatment systems in Kerala using modern, cost-effective technology to address this issue. A hybrid electrocoagulation reactor (HECR) is designed to operate simultaneously in coagulation, and the electrocoagulation process is proposed in this study. The wastewater treatment parameters of the HECR with those of six existing dairy effluent treatment plants using geological mapping and geographic information system (GIS) were studied. According to inverse distance weighted (IDW) interpolation findings, HECR's effluent treatment profile is comparable to existing technologies, with a minimum required retention time of 9.58 h. The results show the HECR treatment efficiency, removing up to 75.15% of turbidity and 94.5% of COD. Moreover, the sludge generated from HECR is transformed into nutrient-rich vermicompost by adding suitable fillers in the ratio of 5:1:3:1 (industrial dairy sludge/HECR sludge: cow dung, dry leaf, and seed vermicompost). The optimal conversion times for vermicompost developed from dairy industrial sludge are 40 days, with nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium (NPK) values per gram vermicompost of 8.86%, 3.18%, and 3.6%, respectively. For HECR sludge, on the 60th day, the observed NPK value for the developed vermicompost is at 4.76%, 1.46%, and 5.1%. Overall, this research offers a promising solution to treat dairy wastewater and transform generated waste sludge into a valuable resource, highlighting the importance of technology adaptation in the dairy industry.
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Mousazadeh M, Niaragh EK, Usman M, Khan SU, Sandoval MA, Al-Qodah Z, Khalid ZB, Gilhotra V, Emamjomeh MM. A critical review of state-of-the-art electrocoagulation technique applied to COD-rich industrial wastewaters. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:43143-43172. [PMID: 34164789 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-14631-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2021] [Accepted: 05/25/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Electrocoagulation (EC) is one of the emerging technologies in groundwater and wastewater treatment as it combines the benefits of coagulation, sedimentation, flotation, and electrochemical oxidation processes. Extensive research efforts implementing EC technology have been executed over the last decade to treat chemical oxygen demand (COD)-rich industrial wastewaters with the aim to protect freshwater streams (e.g., rivers, lakes) from pollution. A comprehensive review of the available recent literature utilizing EC to treat wastewater with high COD levels is presented. In addition, recommendations are provided for future studies to improve the EC technology and broaden its range of application. This review paper introduces some technologies which are often adopted for industrial wastewater treatment. Then, the EC process is compared with those techniques as a treatment for COD-rich wastewater. The EC process is considered as the most privileged technology by different research groups owing to its ability to deal with abundant volumes of wastewater. After, the application of EC as a single and combined treatment for COD-rich wastewaters is thoroughly reviewed. Finally, this review attempts to highlight the potentials and limitations of EC. Related to the EC process in batch operation mode, the best operational conditions are found at 10 V and 60 min of voltage and reaction time, respectively. These last values guarantee high COD removal efficiencies of > 90%. This review also concludes that considerably large operation costs of the EC process appears to be the serious drawback and renders it as an unfeasible approach for handling of COD rich wastewaters. In the end, this review has attempted to highlights the potential and limitation of EC and suggests that vast notably research in the field of continuous flow EC system is essential to introduce this technology as a convincing wastewater technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milad Mousazadeh
- Student research committee, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Health, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran
| | - Elnaz Karamati Niaragh
- Civil and Environmental Engineering Department, Amirkabir University of Technology (Tehran Polytechnic), Tehran, Iran
| | - Muhammad Usman
- Institute for Water Resources and Water Supply, Hamburg University of Technology, Am Schwarzenberg-Campus 3, 20173, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Saif Ullah Khan
- Department of Civil Engineering, Zakir Husain College of Engineering & Technology, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, U.P., 202001, India
| | - Miguel Angel Sandoval
- Departamento de Química de los Materiales, Laboratorio de Electroquímica Medio Ambiental, LEQMA, Universidad de Santiago de Chile USACH, Casilla 40, Correo 33, Santiago, Chile
- División de Ciencias Naturales y Exactas, Departamento de Ingeniería Química, Universidad de Guanajuato, Noria Alta S/N, 36050, Guanajuato, Guanajuato, México
| | - Zakaria Al-Qodah
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Al-Balqa Applied University, Amman, Jordan
| | - Zaied Bin Khalid
- Universiti Malaysia Pahang (UMP), 26300 Gambang, Kuantan, Pahang, Malaysia
| | - Vishakha Gilhotra
- Department of Botanical and Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab, India
| | - Mohammad Mahdi Emamjomeh
- Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Research Institute for Prevention of Non-Communicable Diseases, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran.
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Carmona-Carmona PF, Linares-Hernández I, Teutli-Sequeira EA, López-Rebollar BM, Álvarez-Bastida C, Mier-Quiroga MDLA, Vázquez-Mejía G, Martínez-Miranda V. Industrial wastewater treatment using magnesium electrocoagulation in batch and continuous mode. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND HEALTH. PART A, TOXIC/HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCES & ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING 2021; 56:269-288. [PMID: 33499749 DOI: 10.1080/10934529.2020.1868823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2020] [Revised: 12/16/2020] [Accepted: 12/18/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
In the present study, the electrocoagulation (EC) performance of a Mg-Mg system was applied for the industrial wastewater treatment, from an industrial park that covers different activities such as: food, automotive, pharmaceutical, chemistry and cosmetics, after primary clarification. The effects of major operating parameters such as pH, reaction time, and current density were investigated for chemical oxygen demand (COD), color, and turbidity removal efficiency. The batch system was found convenient, achieving 63.52% COD, 96% color, and 99.32% turbidity removal at optimized operating conditions of pH 7.12, reaction time of 75 min, and current density of 201.5 A/m2. On the other hand, for continuous EC, the process removed approximately 46.58%, 95.96%, and 87.19% of the COD, color, and turbidity respectively, at 90 min of retention time, current density 440 A/m2, and a rate of 20 mL/min. Additionally, concerning nutrient removal (N and P), the EC system with Mg electrodes was highly efficient; batch treatment removed 97% of total phosphorus and 67% of ammoniacal nitrogen, whereas the continuous treatment removed 98.5% of total phosphorus and 83% of ammoniacal nitrogen. The sludge characterization before and after EC treatment was made by SEM, EDS, Fluorescence spectroscopy, IR spectroscopy. Minerals such as chlorite, crossite, richterite, pyroaurite, langbeinite as weel as aliphatic and polysubstituted aromatics compounds, sulfates and phosphates inorganic ions, and organic phosphorus were reduced. The energy cost in the batch EC is US$0.05/m3. A numerical CFD model was used to estimate the velocity fields and guarantee the presence of turbulent kinetic energy within a continuous flow reactor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Perla Fabiola Carmona-Carmona
- Instituto Interamericano de Tecnología y Ciencias del Agua (IITCA), Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, Unidad San Cayetano, Toluca, Estado de México, México
| | - Ivonne Linares-Hernández
- Instituto Interamericano de Tecnología y Ciencias del Agua (IITCA), Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, Unidad San Cayetano, Toluca, Estado de México, México
| | | | - Boris Miguel López-Rebollar
- Instituto Interamericano de Tecnología y Ciencias del Agua (IITCA), Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, Unidad San Cayetano, Toluca, Estado de México, México
| | - Carolina Álvarez-Bastida
- Instituto Interamericano de Tecnología y Ciencias del Agua (IITCA), Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, Unidad San Cayetano, Toluca, Estado de México, México
| | - Miroslava de Los Angeles Mier-Quiroga
- Instituto Interamericano de Tecnología y Ciencias del Agua (IITCA), Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, Unidad San Cayetano, Toluca, Estado de México, México
| | - Guadalupe Vázquez-Mejía
- Instituto Interamericano de Tecnología y Ciencias del Agua (IITCA), Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, Unidad San Cayetano, Toluca, Estado de México, México
| | - Verónica Martínez-Miranda
- Instituto Interamericano de Tecnología y Ciencias del Agua (IITCA), Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, Unidad San Cayetano, Toluca, Estado de México, México
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Ogando FIB, Xastre T, Simões E, Aguiar CLD. Removal of color and turbidity in sugarcane juice treated by electrocoagulation with aluminum electrodes. BRAZILIAN JOURNAL OF FOOD TECHNOLOGY 2021. [DOI: 10.1590/1981-6723.23620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Abstract The liming (Ca(OH)2 addition) and sulfitation (HSO3- addition) is the conventional treatment for purification of sugarcane juice (SCJ) in sugar cane mills to crystal sugar production. Although, the sulfite has been associated to human health problems, this industrial step kept untouchable or few studies have been made to change this scenery. This work aimed to evaluate the variables which influence the electrocoagulation performance on the SCJ purification as a sulfur-free crystal sugar process. A fractional factorial design with the surface response methodology was used to evaluate the influence of voltage, pH, soluble solids total (Brix), temperature and distance between the electrodes in the electrocoagulation process. The outputs were turbidity, juice color, sucrose contents (as pol%juice) and Reducing Sugars (RS). Residual aluminum was analyzed by voltammetry to control de aluminum releasing into the treated juice. The electrocoagulation reduced color and turbidity, in special at low pH (2.5), highest voltage (25 V) and minimal distance of electrode (1.0 cm). Although in this conditions, sucrose was converted into RS indicating partial hydrolysis. In this work, the most part of residual aluminum went to floated and precipitated phases (76.8% and 18.1%, respectively), whereas only 5.1% remained in the SCJ clarified. Electrocoagulation/electroflotation proved to be a potential technique as a substitute for sulfitation in SJC treatment, which ensures the production of safe food for humans.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Taís Xastre
- Metrohm Brasil Instrumentação Analítica Ltda, Brasil
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Vidu R, Matei E, Predescu AM, Alhalaili B, Pantilimon C, Tarcea C, Predescu C. Removal of Heavy Metals from Wastewaters: A Challenge from Current Treatment Methods to Nanotechnology Applications. TOXICS 2020; 8:E101. [PMID: 33182698 PMCID: PMC7711730 DOI: 10.3390/toxics8040101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2020] [Revised: 11/05/2020] [Accepted: 11/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/07/2022]
Abstract
Removing heavy metals from wastewaters is a challenging process that requires constant attention and monitoring, as heavy metals are major wastewater pollutants that are not biodegradable and thus accumulate in the ecosystem. In addition, the persistent nature, toxicity and accumulation of heavy metal ions in the human body have become the driving force for searching new and more efficient water treatment technologies to reduce the concentration of heavy metal in waters. Because the conventional techniques will not be able to keep up with the growing demand for lower heavy metals levels in drinking water and wastewaters, it is becoming increasingly challenging to implement technologically advanced alternative water treatments. Nanotechnology offers a number of advantages compared to other methods. Nanomaterials are more efficient in terms of cost and volume, and many process mechanisms are better and faster at nanoscale. Although nanomaterials have already proved themselves in water technology, there are specific challenges related to their stability, toxicity and recovery, which led to innovations to counteract them. Taking into account the multidisciplinary research of water treatment for the removal of heavy metals, the present review provides an updated report on the main technologies and materials used for the removal of heavy metals with an emphasis on nanoscale materials and processes involved in the heavy metals removal and detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruxandra Vidu
- Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering, University Politehnica of Bucharest,060042 Bucharest, Romania or (R.V.); (C.P.); (C.T.); (C.P.)
- Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Ecaterina Matei
- Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering, University Politehnica of Bucharest,060042 Bucharest, Romania or (R.V.); (C.P.); (C.T.); (C.P.)
| | - Andra Mihaela Predescu
- Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering, University Politehnica of Bucharest,060042 Bucharest, Romania or (R.V.); (C.P.); (C.T.); (C.P.)
| | - Badriyah Alhalaili
- Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials Program, Kuwait Institute for Scientific Research, Kuwait City 13109, Kuwait;
| | - Cristian Pantilimon
- Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering, University Politehnica of Bucharest,060042 Bucharest, Romania or (R.V.); (C.P.); (C.T.); (C.P.)
| | - Claudia Tarcea
- Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering, University Politehnica of Bucharest,060042 Bucharest, Romania or (R.V.); (C.P.); (C.T.); (C.P.)
| | - Cristian Predescu
- Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering, University Politehnica of Bucharest,060042 Bucharest, Romania or (R.V.); (C.P.); (C.T.); (C.P.)
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Mateen QS, Khan SU, Islam DT, Khan NA, Farooqi IH. Copper (II) removal in a column reactor using electrocoagulation: Parametric optimization by response surface methodology using central composite design. WATER ENVIRONMENT RESEARCH : A RESEARCH PUBLICATION OF THE WATER ENVIRONMENT FEDERATION 2020; 92:1350-1362. [PMID: 32198904 DOI: 10.1002/wer.1332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2019] [Revised: 02/12/2020] [Accepted: 02/25/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
In the present work, electrocoagulation was applied for copper removal from aqueous solution employing iron electrodes in a cylindrical reactor. A four-factorial central composite design (CCD) based on response surface methodology (RSM) was applied to study the effect of various process parameters on removal efficiency and energy consumption as the responses. On optimization, maximum removal efficiency up to 95% was attained with energy consumption as 0.903 W-hour per gram removal of Cu (II) at applied current 0.26 A, initial copper concentration of 27.8 ppm, application time of 5.4 min and pH 7. The interaction between the process variables was evaluated by using the obtained 3-D plots. The models generated were validated by analysis of variance (ANOVA). Studies carried on Cu (II) removal rate showed adsorption suited pseudo-Ist order kinetics best. Overall, the electrocoagulation process proved efficient, low cost and a promising alternative to conventional treatment procedures in removing Cu (II). PRACTITIONER POINTS: Adsorption over hydroxide/polyhydroxide complexes of Fe assisted in enhanced removal of Cu (II) by EC. Higher concentrations treated at lower current but longer duration reduces energy. pH was found to be the deterministic factor for coagulation. CCD-based optimization reduced energy consumption substantially.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qazi Shabihul Mateen
- Department of Civil Engineering, Zakir Husain College of Engineering & Technology, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, UP, India
| | - Saif Ullah Khan
- Department of Civil Engineering, Zakir Husain College of Engineering & Technology, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, UP, India
| | - Dar Tafazul Islam
- Department of Biochemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology, Delhi, India
| | - Nadeem Ahmad Khan
- Department of Civil Engineering, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, India
| | - Izharul Haq Farooqi
- Department of Civil Engineering, Zakir Husain College of Engineering & Technology, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, UP, India
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Evaluation of Electrochemical Methods for Poultry Slaughterhouse Wastewater Treatment. SUSTAINABILITY 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/su12125110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/07/2022]
Abstract
Understanding the efficiency of different wastewater treatment technologies tested under real conditions is essential for successful decision making by engineers and managers. In this study, real poultry slaughterhouse wastewater coming from defeathering, cooling, and evisceration processes was treated using a lab-scale electrochemical process by use of iron-iron (Fe-Fe), iron-graphite (Fe-Gr) and aluminum-graphite (Al-Gr) electrode combinations. A water quality index (WQI) was developed and used as a tool for evaluating and classifying the effectiveness of different electrode combinations. The Al-Gr electrode combination showed an impressive performance achieving an “excellent” status for all of the three studied sources of wastewater with a WQI ranging from 13 to 34. The Fe-Gr electrode combination showed an “excellent” status performance for the wastewater from the cooling process as classified by the WQI and “good water” class for the defeathering and evisceration processes. The lower performance, which was highly affected by the increase in turbidity, was observed for the Fe-Fe electrode combination with a “poor water” status for the wastewater coming from defeathering and cooling processes and “good water” status for evisceration process.
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Electrocoagulation: A Promising Method to Treat and Reuse Mineral Processing Wastewater with High COD. WATER 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/w12020595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Mineral processing wastewater contains large amounts of reagents which can lead to severe environmental problems, such as high chemical oxygen demand (COD). Inspired by the wastewater treatment in such industries as those of textiles, food, and petrochemistry, in the present work, electrocoagulation (EC) is applied for the first time to explore its feasibility in the treatment of wastewater with an initial COD of 424.29 mg/L from a Pb/Zn sulfide mineral flotation plant and its effect on water reuse. Typical parameters, such as anode materials, current density, initial pH, and additives, were characterized to evaluate the performance of the EC method. The results showed that, under optimal conditions, i.e., iron anode, pH 7.1, electrolysis time 70 min, 19.23 mA/cm2 current density, and 4.1 g/L activated carbon, the initial COD can be reduced to 72.9 mg/L, corresponding to a removal rate of 82.8%. In addition, compared with the untreated wastewater, EC-treated wastewater was found to benefit the recovery of galena and sphalerite, with galena recovery increasing from 25.01% to 36.06% and sphalerite recovery increasing from 59.99% to 65.33%. This study confirmed that EC is a promising method for the treatment and reuse of high-COD-containing wastewater in the mining industry, and it possesses great potential for wide industrial applications.
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Suitability of aluminum material on sugar industry wastewater with chemical and electrochemical treatment processes. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INDUSTRIAL CHEMISTRY 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s40090-019-00196-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
AbstractAluminum is a valuable material, which can be used for water and wastewater treatment. It exists in metal as well as in salt form. The efficiency of water and wastewater treatment depends upon the technology applied to treat. Sugarcane industry is coming under those industries which have a large amount of freshwater and release large amount of effluent. The goal of this research work is to study the behavior of aluminum metal and salt for the treatment of sugar industry wastewater on chemical oxidation and electrochemical oxidation. The effect of pH, dosing, temperature and catalysis on metal and salt has been also studied with both treatment methods. The results show that maximum 90% of chemical oxygen demand and 94% of color removal can be achieved with an aluminum electrode (electrocoagulation) at optimum conditions, pH 7, current density 178 A/m2, electrode distance 20 mm, and salt solution 0.5 M NaCl. In the same way, 81% chemical oxygen demand and 85% color removal were achieved with alum for the 0.5 M lime solution, at 50 mM mass loading, 21 °C operating temperature and optimum pH of 7, respectively. The sludge generated after treatment was also analyzed with settling filtration, thermal, FTIR and SEM.
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Priya M, Jeyanthi J. Removal of COD, oil and grease from automobile wash water effluent using electrocoagulation technique. Microchem J 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2019.104070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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Haffad H, Zbair M, Anfar Z, Ahsaine HA, Bouhlal H, Khallok H. Removal of reactive red-198 dye using chitosan as an adsorbent: optimization by Central composite design coupled with response surface methodology. TOXIN REV 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/15569543.2019.1584822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hassan Haffad
- Laboratooire de Chimie Organique, Bio-organique et Environnement (LCOBE), Faculté des sciences El Jadida, Université Chouaïb Doukkali, El Jadida, Morocco
| | - Mohamed Zbair
- Laboratoire de Catalyse et Corrosion des Matériaux LCCM, Faculté des sciences El Jadida, Université Chouaïb Doukkali, El Jadida, Morocco
| | - Zakaria Anfar
- Laboratoire Matériaux et Environnement LME, Faculté des Sciences, Université Ibn Zohr, Cité Dakhla, Morocco
| | - Hassan Ait Ahsaine
- Laboratoire Matériaux et Environnement LME, Faculté des Sciences, Université Ibn Zohr, Cité Dakhla, Morocco
| | - Hicham Bouhlal
- Laboratoire Chimie Physique, L’Equipe de Thermodynamique, Surface et Catalyse (ETSC), Faculté des sciences El Jadida, Université Chouaïb Doukkali, El Jadida, Morocco
| | - Hamza Khallok
- Team of Energy, Materials and Environment, Faculté des sciences El Jadida, Université Chouaïb Doukkali, El Jadida, Morocco
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Efficient Removal of Hexavalent Chromium from Wastewater with Electro-Reduction. Processes (Basel) 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/pr7010041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Removal of hexavalent chromium had attracted much attention as it is a hazardous contaminant. An electrocoagulation-like technology electro-reduction was applied. The chromium (VI) in the wastewater was reduced to chromium (III) by the electron supplied by electricity power and Fe2+, formed from corrosion of steel electrodes in acidic conditions. The mechanism and parameters affecting the reaction were investigated. The results optimized by response surface methodology indicated that the influence of single factor on the reduction efficiency followed the order: A: dosage of H2SO4 > C: reaction time > D: reaction temperature > B: current intensity. The reduction efficiency was hardly affected by current intensity, while it was increased with the increasing of reaction time and acid concentration. The reducing agent, Fe2+ an and extra free electron, acted as a reducing agent and could easily reduce hexavalent chromium to trivalent chromium at high temperatures in an acidic medium.
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Badeenezhad A, Azhdarpoor A, Bahrami S, Yousefinejad S. Removal of methylene blue dye from aqueous solutions by natural clinoptilolite and clinoptilolite modified by iron oxide nanoparticles. MOLECULAR SIMULATION 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/08927022.2018.1564077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad Badeenezhad
- School of Health, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | | | - Shima Bahrami
- School of Health, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
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Izadi A, Hosseini M, Najafpour Darzi G, Nabi Bidhendi G, Pajoum Shariati F. Treatment of paper-recycling wastewater by electrocoagulation using aluminum and iron electrodes. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH SCIENCE & ENGINEERING 2018; 16:257-264. [PMID: 30728997 PMCID: PMC6277348 DOI: 10.1007/s40201-018-0314-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2018] [Accepted: 09/05/2018] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Treatment of industrial wastewater by electrocoagulation (EC) is one of the most efficient methods to remove pollutants. Paper-recycling wastewater is a complex mixture containing toxic and recalcitrant substances, indicating complexity and difficulty of its treatment. The aim of the present study was to assess the effectiveness of paper-recycling wastewater treatment by EC process using aluminum (Al) and iron (Fe) plate electrodes. Removal of chemical oxygen demand (COD), total suspended solids (TSS), color and ammonia from paper-recycling mill effluent was evaluated at various electrolysis times (10-60 min), voltage (4-13 V) and pH (3.5-11). The optimum process conditions for the maximum removal of COD, TSS, color and ammonia from paper-recycling industry wastewater have been found to be pH value of 7, treatment time of 60 min and voltage of 10 V. Under optimum operating conditions, the removal capacities of COD, TSS, color and ammonia were 79.5%, 83.4%, 98.5% and 85.3%, respectively. It can be concluded that EC could be considered as an effective alternative for treatment of paper-recycling wastewater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Izadi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Babol Noshirvani University of Technology, P.O.B. 484, Babol, Iran
| | - Morteza Hosseini
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Babol Noshirvani University of Technology, P.O.B. 484, Babol, Iran
| | - Ghasem Najafpour Darzi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Babol Noshirvani University of Technology, P.O.B. 484, Babol, Iran
| | | | - Farshid Pajoum Shariati
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
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Changmai M, Pasawan M, Purkait M. A hybrid method for the removal of fluoride from drinking water: Parametric study and cost estimation. Sep Purif Technol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2018.05.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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