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Tesar EC, Mikolasevic I, Skocilic I, Redjovic A, Vucinic D, Marusic J, Djordjevic G. Prostate Cancer Scoring Index for Risk of Progression of Radioresistant Disease. J Pers Med 2023; 13:jpm13050870. [PMID: 37241040 DOI: 10.3390/jpm13050870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Revised: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer (Pca) is among the most common malignant diseases in men and the fourth leading cause of death worldwide. Surgery and radical radiotherapy (RT) remain the gold standard for the treatment of localized or locally advanced prostate cancer. The efficiency of radiotherapy treatment is limited by toxic side effects due to dose escalation. Cancer cells often develop radio-resistant mechanisms that are related to the DNA repair, inhibition of apoptosis or changes in cell cycle. Based on our earlier research on biomarkers that are involved in those cellular mechanisms (p53, bcl-2, NF-kb, Cripto-1 and Ki67 proliferation) and correlation with clinico-pathological parameters (age, PSA value, Gleason score, grade group, prognostic group), we created the numerical index for risk of tumor progression in patients with radioresistant tumors. For each of these parameters, the strength of association with disease progression was statistically assessed, and a specific number of points was assigned proportional to the strength of the correlation. Statistical analysis identified an optimal cut-off score of 22 or more as an indicator of significant risk for progression with a sensitivity of 91.7% and a specificity of 66.7%. The scoring system in the retrospective receiver operating characteristic analysis showed AUC of 0.82. The potential value of this scoring is the possibility of identifying patients with clinically significant radioresistant Pca.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ivana Mikolasevic
- Department of Radiotherapy and Oncology, UHC, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Rijeka, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia
| | - Iva Skocilic
- Department of Radiotherapy and Oncology, UHC, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Rijeka, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia
| | - Arnela Redjovic
- Department of Radiotherapy and Oncology, UHC, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Rijeka, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia
| | - Damir Vucinic
- Department of Radiotherapy and Oncology, UHC, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Rijeka, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia
| | - Jasna Marusic
- Department of Radiotherapy and Oncology, UHC, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Rijeka, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia
| | - Gordana Djordjevic
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Rijeka, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia
- Department of Pathology, UHC, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia
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2
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Alfahed A, Ebili HO, Almoammar NE, Alasiri G, AlKhamees OA, Aldali JA, Al Othaim A, Hakami ZH, Abdulwahed AM, Waggiallah HA. Prognostic Values of Gene Copy Number Alterations in Prostate Cancer. Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:genes14050956. [PMID: 37239316 DOI: 10.3390/genes14050956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Revised: 04/14/2023] [Accepted: 04/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Whilst risk prediction for individual prostate cancer (PCa) cases is of a high priority, the current risk stratification indices for PCa management have severe limitations. This study aimed to identify gene copy number alterations (CNAs) with prognostic values and to determine if any combination of gene CNAs could have risk stratification potentials. Clinical and genomic data of 500 PCa cases from the Cancer Genome Atlas stable were retrieved from the Genomic Data Commons and cBioPortal databases. The CNA statuses of a total of 52 genetic markers, including 21 novel markers and 31 previously identified potential prognostic markers, were tested for prognostic significance. The CNA statuses of a total of 51/52 genetic markers were significantly associated with advanced disease at an odds ratio threshold of ≥1.5 or ≤0.667. Moreover, a Kaplan-Meier test identified 27/52 marker CNAs which correlated with disease progression. A Cox Regression analysis showed that the amplification of MIR602 and deletions of MIR602, ZNF267, MROH1, PARP8, and HCN1 correlated with a progression-free survival independent of the disease stage and Gleason prognostic group grade. Furthermore, a binary logistic regression analysis identified twenty-two panels of markers with risk stratification potentials. The best model of 7/52 genetic CNAs, which included the SPOP alteration, SPP1 alteration, CCND1 amplification, PTEN deletion, CDKN1B deletion, PARP8 deletion, and NKX3.1 deletion, stratified the PCa cases into a localised and advanced disease with an accuracy of 70.0%, sensitivity of 85.4%, specificity of 44.9%, positive predictive value of 71.67%, and negative predictive value of 65.35%. This study validated prognostic gene level CNAs identified in previous studies, as well as identified new genetic markers with CNAs that could potentially impact risk stratification in PCa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdulaziz Alfahed
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Alkharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
| | - Henry Okuchukwu Ebili
- Department of Morbid Anatomy and Histopathology, Olabisi Onabanjo University, Ago-Iwoye P.M.B. 2002, Nigeria
| | - Nasser Eissa Almoammar
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Alkharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
| | - Glowi Alasiri
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud University, Riyadh 13317, Saudi Arabia
| | - Osama A AlKhamees
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), Riyadh 13317, Saudi Arabia
| | - Jehad A Aldali
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), Riyadh 13317, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ayoub Al Othaim
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Majmaah University, Al-Majmaah 11952, Saudi Arabia
| | - Zaki H Hakami
- Medical Laboratory Technology Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan 82817, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulhadi M Abdulwahed
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11362, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hisham Ali Waggiallah
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Alkharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
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3
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Madendere S, Türkkan G, Arda E, Yürüt Çaloğlu V, Kuyumcuoğlu U. Evaluation of Risk Groups for the Prediction of Biochemical Progression in Patients Undergoing Radical Prostatectomy. JOURNAL OF UROLOGICAL SURGERY 2022. [DOI: 10.4274/jus.galenos.2021.2021.0098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
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4
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Machine learning-based radiomics for multiple primary prostate cancer biological characteristics prediction with 18F-PSMA-1007 PET: comparison among different volume segmentation thresholds. Radiol Med 2022; 127:1170-1178. [DOI: 10.1007/s11547-022-01541-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
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5
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Fan X, Xie N, Chen J, Li T, Cao R, Yu H, He M, Wang Z, Wang Y, Liu H, Wang H, Yin X. Multiparametric MRI and Machine Learning Based Radiomic Models for Preoperative Prediction of Multiple Biological Characteristics in Prostate Cancer. Front Oncol 2022; 12:839621. [PMID: 35198452 PMCID: PMC8859464 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.839621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2021] [Accepted: 01/11/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives This study aims to develop and evaluate multiparametric MRI (MP-MRI)-based radiomic models as a noninvasive diagnostic method to predict several biological characteristics of prostate cancer. Methods A total of 252 patients were retrospectively included who underwent radical prostatectomy and MP-MRI examinations. The prediction characteristics of this study were as follows: Ki67, S100, extracapsular extension (ECE), perineural invasion (PNI), and surgical margin (SM). Patients were divided into training cohorts and validation cohorts in the ratio of 4:1 for each group. After lesion segmentation manually, radiomic features were extracted from MP-MRI images and some clinical factors were also included. Max relevance min redundancy (mRMR) and recursive feature elimination (RFE) based on random forest (RF) were adopted to select features. Six classifiers were included (SVM, KNN, RF, decision tree, logistic regression, XGBOOST) to find the best diagnostic performance among them. The diagnostic efficiency of the construction models was evaluated by ROC curves and quantified by AUC. Results RF performed best among the six classifiers for the four groups according to AUC values (Ki67 = 0.87, S100 = 0.80, ECE = 0.85, PNI = 0.82). The performance of SVM was relatively the best for SM (AUC = 0.77). The number and importance of DCE features ranked first in the models of each group. The combined models of MP-MRI and clinical characteristics showed no significant difference compared with MP-MRI models according to Delong’s tests. Conclusions Radiomics models based on MP-MRI have the potential to predict biological characteristics and are expected to be a noninvasive method to evaluate the risk stratification of prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuhui Fan
- Department of Radiology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ni Xie
- Institution for Clinical Research, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jingwen Chen
- Department of Radiology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Tiewen Li
- Department of Urology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Rong Cao
- Department of Radiology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Hongwei Yu
- Department of Radiology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Meijuan He
- Department of Radiology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zilin Wang
- Department of Radiology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yihui Wang
- Department of Radiology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Hao Liu
- Department of Research and Development, Yizhun Medical AI Technology Co. Ltd., Beijing, China
| | - Han Wang
- Department of Radiology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Institution for Clinical Research, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Department of Radiology, Jiading Branch of Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaorui Yin
- Department of Radiology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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6
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Gun E, Ocal I. Cribriform glands are associated with worse outcome than other pattern 4 subtypes: A study of prognostic and clinicopathological characteristics of prostate adenocarcinoma with an emphasis on Grade Groups. Int J Clin Pract 2021; 75:e14722. [PMID: 34390077 DOI: 10.1111/ijcp.14722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2021] [Accepted: 08/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM Although prostate adenocarcinoma is the most common cancer in men, survival is quite high and with the help of histopathological examination using the updated classification, patient management strategies are developing. We aimed to evaluate the correlation between the histopathological features and biochemical recurrence (BCR) in patients who underwent radical prostatectomy (RP) using the new classification. METHODS A total of 285 prostate adenocarcinoma cases that underwent RP between January 2009 and December 2017 and followed up for at least 3 months were included in the study. The cases were re-evaluated according to WHO-ISUP 2016 classification and the findings were recorded. RESULTS The mean age was 63,4 years. Gleason scores of the cases were as follows: 3+3 144 cases (50.5%), 3+4 81 cases (28.4%), 4+3 28 cases (9.8%), 4+4 7 cases (2.5%) , 3+5 6 cases (2.1%), 5+3 2 cases (0.7%), 4+5 17 cases (6%). There were 198 (69,5%) pT2, 54 (18,9%) pT3a and 33 (11,6%) pT3b cases. The mean follow-up time was 44,1 months and BCR was detected in 97 cases (34%). The relationship between the Group Grades and BCR was statistically significant. BCR rate increased as the tumour volume and the percentage of pattern 4 increased (P < .001).There was a significant correlation between preoperative PSA value, extraprostatic extension, seminal vesicle invasion, surgical margin positivity, tumour volume, pattern 4 percentage, presence of cribriform glands and BCR and recurrence-free survival in both univariate and multivariate analysis and recurrence-free survival was also affected by these parameters. Among the morphological subtypes of Pattern 4, recurrence-free survival decreased as the incidence of cribriform glands increased (P < .001). CONCLUSION Histopathological evaluation is important in predicting BCR in prostate adenocarcinoma, the Group Grade system seems to be helpful in this regard. More studies are needed to prove the relatively worse prognostic effect of cribriform glands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eylul Gun
- Department of Pathology, Izmir Katip Celebi University Ataturk Training and Research Hospital, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Irfan Ocal
- Department of Pathology, Izmir Katip Celebi University Ataturk Training and Research Hospital, Izmir, Turkey
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7
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Taheri D, Roohani E, Izadpanahi MH, Dolatkhah S, Aghaaliakbari F, Daneshpajouhnejad P, Gharaati MR, Mazdak H, Fesharakizadeh S, Beinabadi Y, Kazemi R, Rahbar M. Diagnostic utility of a-methylacyl COA racemase in prostate cancer of the Iranian population. JOURNAL OF RESEARCH IN MEDICAL SCIENCES 2021; 26:46. [PMID: 34484378 PMCID: PMC8384007 DOI: 10.4103/jrms.jrms_311_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2019] [Revised: 03/26/2020] [Accepted: 03/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Background: Considering the great variations in the reported prevalence of prostate cancer across the world possibly due to different genetic and environmental backgrounds, we aimed to determine the expression pattern and the diagnostic utility of α-methylacyl coenzyme A racemase (AMACR) among Iranian patients with prostate adenocarcinoma. Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional study, formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissues of 58 patients with a definitive pathologic diagnosis of prostatic adenocarcinoma were evaluated. The expression of AMACR, intensity, and extensity of its staining was determined in selected samples by immunohistochemical technique. Results: AMACR expression was significantly higher in neoplastic compared to normal tissue (P < 0.05). The expression of AMACR was significantly associated with the age of the patients (P = 0.04). The intensity of the staining was associated with the grade of the prostate adenocarcinoma (P = 0.04). There was no significant relationship between AMACR expression and perineural invasion. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value of AMACR were 90%, 96%, 96%, and 90%, respectively. Conclusion: Findings from our study indicate that AMACR could be used as a diagnostic tool for the diagnosis of prostate adenocarcinoma. However, due to false-positive staining in the mimicker of prostatic adenocarcinoma, it is recommended to use it in combination with basal cell markers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana Taheri
- Department of Pathology, Isfahan Kidney Diseases Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Elham Roohani
- Department of Pathology, Isfahan Kidney Diseases Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hossein Izadpanahi
- Department of Urology, Isfahan Urology and Kidney Transplantation Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | | | | | - Parnaz Daneshpajouhnejad
- Department of Pathology, Isfahan Kidney Diseases Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.,Student Research Committee, Isfahan Medical Students' Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Gharaati
- Department of Urology, Isfahan Urology and Kidney Transplantation Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Hamid Mazdak
- Department of Urology, Isfahan Urology and Kidney Transplantation Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | | | | | - Reza Kazemi
- Department of Urology, Isfahan Urology and Kidney Transplantation Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mahtab Rahbar
- Department of Pathology, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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8
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Amori G, Sugawara E, Shigematsu Y, Akiya M, Kunieda J, Yuasa T, Yamamoto S, Yonese J, Takeuchi K, Inamura K. Tumor B7-H3 expression in diagnostic biopsy specimens and survival in patients with metastatic prostate cancer. Prostate Cancer Prostatic Dis 2021; 24:767-774. [PMID: 33558663 DOI: 10.1038/s41391-021-00331-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2020] [Revised: 01/06/2021] [Accepted: 01/20/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prostate cancer spans a broad spectrum from indolent to deadly disease. In the management of prostate cancer, diagnostic biopsy specimens are important sources of data that inform the selection of treatment. B7-H3 (CD276), an immune checkpoint molecule, has emerged as a promising immunotherapy target. B7-H3 expression is related to adverse clinical outcomes in various types of cancer; however, little is known concerning the association between tumor B7-H3 expression in diagnostic biopsy specimens and clinical outcome in patients with metastatic prostate cancer. METHODS We evaluated tumor B7-H3 expression levels in diagnostic biopsy specimens from 135 patients with metastatic prostate cancer and 113 patients with localized prostate cancer. RESULTS High B7-H3 expression was more frequently observed in patients with metastatic cancer than in those with localized cancer (31 vs. 12%; p = 0.0003). In patients with localized cancer, the B7-H3 expression status was not associated with biochemical recurrence-free survival. However, among patients with metastatic cancer, high B7-H3 expression was independently associated with high disease-specific mortality (multivariable hazard ratio [HR] = 2.72; p = 0.047) and overall mortality rates (multivariable HR = 2.04; p = 0.025). CONCLUSIONS Tumor B7-H3 expression in diagnostic biopsy specimens may be a useful biomarker for identifying highly aggressive metastatic prostate cancer. Given the potential utility of anti-B7-H3 immunotherapy, this information may aid in stratifying prostate cancer based on its responsiveness to B7-H3-targeted treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gulanbar Amori
- Division of Pathology, The Cancer Institute, Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Pathology, The Cancer Institute Hospital, Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Emiko Sugawara
- Division of Pathology, The Cancer Institute, Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Pathology, The Cancer Institute Hospital, Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yasuyuki Shigematsu
- Division of Pathology, The Cancer Institute, Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Pathology, The Cancer Institute Hospital, Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masashi Akiya
- Division of Pathology, The Cancer Institute, Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Pathology, The Cancer Institute Hospital, Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Junko Kunieda
- Division of Pathology, The Cancer Institute, Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Comprehensive Pathology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takeshi Yuasa
- Department of Urology, The Cancer Institute Hospital, Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shinya Yamamoto
- Department of Urology, The Cancer Institute Hospital, Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Junji Yonese
- Department of Urology, The Cancer Institute Hospital, Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kengo Takeuchi
- Division of Pathology, The Cancer Institute, Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Pathology, The Cancer Institute Hospital, Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research, Tokyo, Japan.,Pathology Project for Molecular Targets, The Cancer Institute, Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kentaro Inamura
- Division of Pathology, The Cancer Institute, Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research, Tokyo, Japan. .,Department of Pathology, The Cancer Institute Hospital, Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research, Tokyo, Japan.
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9
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Singh J, Thachil T, Eapen MS, Lim A, Sufyan W, Rawson R, Duncan H, De Ieso P, Sohal SS. Immunohistochemical investigation of cytokine expression levels as biomarkers in transrectal ultrasound-guided needle biopsy specimens of prostate adenocarcinoma. Mol Clin Oncol 2021; 15:191. [PMID: 34405051 DOI: 10.3892/mco.2021.2353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2020] [Accepted: 06/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Cytokines influence the biological behaviour of prostate cancer (PC) and may influence patient outcome and serve as useful prognostic biomarkers. The aim of the present study was to evaluate cytokine expression levels in prostatic needle biopsy specimens and the association with clinicopathological characteristics of patients with PC. A total of 18 patients with PC who underwent transrectal ultrasound (TRUS) guided prostate biopsy were included in the clinical study. These patients were naïve to radiotherapy (RT) or androgen deprivation therapy prior to TRUS biopsy and clinical follow up data was collected. Cytokine expression levels were analysed by using immunohistochemistry and Spearman's correlation test was used to determine the correlation between cytokine expression and clinicopathological characteristics. Expression levels of pro-inflammatory TNF-α and IL-6 decreased as Gleason score (GS) increased; however, a statistically significant difference was not detected. A statically significant correlation was observed between needle biopsy specimen and pre-RT plasma sample expression levels of pro-inflammatory TNF-α and IL-6 (P=0.01 and P=0.05, respectively) and anti-inflammatory TGF-β1 (P=0.05). However, further studies are needed to confirm these results using a larger sample size to confirm the prognostic value of pro-inflammatory TNF-α and IL-6 and anti-inflammatory TGF-β1 in patients with PC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jagtar Singh
- College of Health and Human Sciences, Charles Darwin University, Northern Territory 0810, Australia.,Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Health Sciences, College of Health and Medicine, University of Tasmania, Launceston, Tasmania 7248, Australia
| | - Thanuja Thachil
- Ballarat Austin Radiation Oncology Centre, Victoria 3350, Australia
| | - Mathew Suji Eapen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Health Sciences, College of Health and Medicine, University of Tasmania, Launceston, Tasmania 7248, Australia
| | - Aijye Lim
- Department of Anatomical Pathology, Royal Darwin Hospital 0810, Australia
| | - Wajiha Sufyan
- Department of Anatomical Pathology, Royal Darwin Hospital 0810, Australia
| | - Robert Rawson
- Department of Anatomical Pathology, Royal Darwin Hospital 0810, Australia
| | - Henry Duncan
- Urology Department, Darwin Private Hospital, Northern Territory 0810, Australia
| | - Paolo De Ieso
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Victoria 3000, Australia
| | - Sukhwinder Singh Sohal
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Health Sciences, College of Health and Medicine, University of Tasmania, Launceston, Tasmania 7248, Australia
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10
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Ayyad SM, Shehata M, Shalaby A, Abou El-Ghar M, Ghazal M, El-Melegy M, Abdel-Hamid NB, Labib LM, Ali HA, El-Baz A. Role of AI and Histopathological Images in Detecting Prostate Cancer: A Survey. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 21:2586. [PMID: 33917035 PMCID: PMC8067693 DOI: 10.3390/s21082586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2021] [Revised: 03/29/2021] [Accepted: 04/04/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Prostate cancer is one of the most identified cancers and second most prevalent among cancer-related deaths of men worldwide. Early diagnosis and treatment are substantial to stop or handle the increase and spread of cancer cells in the body. Histopathological image diagnosis is a gold standard for detecting prostate cancer as it has different visual characteristics but interpreting those type of images needs a high level of expertise and takes too much time. One of the ways to accelerate such an analysis is by employing artificial intelligence (AI) through the use of computer-aided diagnosis (CAD) systems. The recent developments in artificial intelligence along with its sub-fields of conventional machine learning and deep learning provide new insights to clinicians and researchers, and an abundance of research is presented specifically for histopathology images tailored for prostate cancer. However, there is a lack of comprehensive surveys that focus on prostate cancer using histopathology images. In this paper, we provide a very comprehensive review of most, if not all, studies that handled the prostate cancer diagnosis using histopathological images. The survey begins with an overview of histopathological image preparation and its challenges. We also briefly review the computing techniques that are commonly applied in image processing, segmentation, feature selection, and classification that can help in detecting prostate malignancies in histopathological images.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah M. Ayyad
- Computers and Systems Department, Faculty of Engineering, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35511, Egypt; (S.M.A.); (N.B.A.-H.); (L.M.L.); (H.A.A.)
| | - Mohamed Shehata
- BioImaging Laboratory, Bioengineering Department, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40292, USA; (M.S.); (A.S.)
| | - Ahmed Shalaby
- BioImaging Laboratory, Bioengineering Department, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40292, USA; (M.S.); (A.S.)
| | - Mohamed Abou El-Ghar
- Department of Radiology, Urology and Nephrology Center, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt;
| | - Mohammed Ghazal
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, College of Engineering, Abu Dhabi University, Abu Dhabi 59911, United Arab Emirates;
| | - Moumen El-Melegy
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Assiut University, Assiut 71511, Egypt;
| | - Nahla B. Abdel-Hamid
- Computers and Systems Department, Faculty of Engineering, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35511, Egypt; (S.M.A.); (N.B.A.-H.); (L.M.L.); (H.A.A.)
| | - Labib M. Labib
- Computers and Systems Department, Faculty of Engineering, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35511, Egypt; (S.M.A.); (N.B.A.-H.); (L.M.L.); (H.A.A.)
| | - H. Arafat Ali
- Computers and Systems Department, Faculty of Engineering, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35511, Egypt; (S.M.A.); (N.B.A.-H.); (L.M.L.); (H.A.A.)
| | - Ayman El-Baz
- BioImaging Laboratory, Bioengineering Department, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40292, USA; (M.S.); (A.S.)
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11
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Clairefond S, Ouellet V, Péant B, Barrès V, Karakiewicz PI, Mes-Masson AM, Saad F. Expression of ERBB Family Members as Predictive Markers of Prostate Cancer Progression and Mortality. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:1688. [PMID: 33918389 PMCID: PMC8038288 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13071688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2021] [Revised: 03/25/2021] [Accepted: 03/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND EGFR, ERBB2, ERBB3, and ERBB4 are growth receptors of the ERBB family implicated in the development of epithelial cancers. Studies have suggested a role for EGFR and ERBB3 in the development of prostate cancer (PC), while the involvement of ERBB2 and ERBB4 remains unclear. In this study, we evaluated the expression of all members of the ERBB family in PC tissue from a large cohort and determined their contribution, alone or in combination, as prognostic markers. METHODS Using immunofluorescence coupled with digital image analyses, we quantified the expression of EGFR, ERBB2, ERBB3, and ERBB4 on radical prostatectomy specimens (n = 285) arrayed on six tissue microarrays. By combining EGFR, ERBB2, and ERBB3 protein expression in a decision tree model, we identified an association with biochemical recurrence (log rank = 25.295, p < 0.001), development of bone metastases (log rank = 23.228, p < 0.001), and cancer-specific mortality (log rank = 24.586, p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Our study revealed that specific protein expression patterns of ERBB family members are associated with an increased risk of PC progression and mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sylvie Clairefond
- Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal (CRCHUM) et Institut du Cancer de Montréal (ICM), Montreal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada; (S.C.); (V.O.); (B.P.); (V.B.); (P.I.K.); (A.-M.M.-M.)
- Département de Médecine, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC H3T 1J4, Canada
| | - Véronique Ouellet
- Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal (CRCHUM) et Institut du Cancer de Montréal (ICM), Montreal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada; (S.C.); (V.O.); (B.P.); (V.B.); (P.I.K.); (A.-M.M.-M.)
| | - Benjamin Péant
- Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal (CRCHUM) et Institut du Cancer de Montréal (ICM), Montreal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada; (S.C.); (V.O.); (B.P.); (V.B.); (P.I.K.); (A.-M.M.-M.)
| | - Véronique Barrès
- Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal (CRCHUM) et Institut du Cancer de Montréal (ICM), Montreal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada; (S.C.); (V.O.); (B.P.); (V.B.); (P.I.K.); (A.-M.M.-M.)
| | - Pierre I. Karakiewicz
- Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal (CRCHUM) et Institut du Cancer de Montréal (ICM), Montreal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada; (S.C.); (V.O.); (B.P.); (V.B.); (P.I.K.); (A.-M.M.-M.)
- Département de Chirurgie, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC H3C 3J7, Canada
| | - Anne-Marie Mes-Masson
- Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal (CRCHUM) et Institut du Cancer de Montréal (ICM), Montreal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada; (S.C.); (V.O.); (B.P.); (V.B.); (P.I.K.); (A.-M.M.-M.)
- Département de Médecine, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC H3T 1J4, Canada
| | - Fred Saad
- Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal (CRCHUM) et Institut du Cancer de Montréal (ICM), Montreal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada; (S.C.); (V.O.); (B.P.); (V.B.); (P.I.K.); (A.-M.M.-M.)
- Département de Chirurgie, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC H3C 3J7, Canada
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12
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PUMA and NOXA Expression in Tumor-Associated Benign Prostatic Epithelial Cells Are Predictive of Prostate Cancer Biochemical Recurrence. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12113187. [PMID: 33138186 PMCID: PMC7692508 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12113187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2020] [Revised: 10/26/2020] [Accepted: 10/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Given that treatment decisions in prostate cancer (PC) are often based on risk, there remains a need to find clinically relevant prognostic biomarkers to stratify PC patients. We evaluated PUMA and NOXA expression in benign and tumor regions of the prostate using immunofluorescence techniques and determined their prognostic significance in PC. METHODS PUMA and NOXA expression levels were quantified on six tissue microarrays (TMAs) generated from radical prostatectomy samples (n = 285). TMAs were constructed using two cores of benign tissue and two cores of tumor tissue from each patient. Association between biomarker expression and biochemical recurrence (BCR) at 3 years was established using log-rank (LR) and multivariate Cox regression analyses. RESULTS Kaplan-Meier analysis showed a significant association between BCR and extreme levels (low or high) of PUMA expression in benign epithelial cells (LR = 8.831, p = 0.003). Further analysis revealed a significant association between high NOXA expression in benign epithelial cells and BCR (LR = 14.854, p < 0.001). The combination of extreme PUMA and high NOXA expression identified patients with the highest risk of BCR (LR = 16.778, p < 0.001) in Kaplan-Meier and in a multivariate Cox regression analyses (HR: 2.935 (1.645-5.236), p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS The combination of PUMA and NOXA protein expression in benign epithelial cells was predictive of recurrence following radical prostatectomy and was independent of PSA at diagnosis, Gleason score and pathologic stage.
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13
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Report From the International Society of Urological Pathology (ISUP) Consultation Conference on Molecular Pathology of Urogenital Cancers. I. Molecular Biomarkers in Prostate Cancer. Am J Surg Pathol 2020; 44:e15-e29. [PMID: 32044806 DOI: 10.1097/pas.0000000000001450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The combined clinical and molecular heterogeneity of prostate cancer necessitates the use of prognostic, predictive, and diagnostic biomarkers to assist the clinician with treatment selection. The pathologist plays a critical role in guiding molecular biomarker testing in prostate cancer and requires a thorough knowledge of the current testing options. In the setting of clinically localized prostate cancer, prognostic biomarkers such as Ki-67 labeling, PTEN loss or mRNA-based genomic signatures can be useful to help determine whether definitive therapy is required. In the setting of advanced disease, predictive biomarkers, such as the presence of DNA repair deficiency mediated by BRCA2 loss or mismatch repair gene defects, may suggest the utility of poly-ADP ribosylase inhibition or immune checkpoint blockade. Finally, androgen receptor-related biomarkers or diagnostic biomarkers indicating the presence of small cell neuroendocrine prostate cancer may help guide the use of androgen receptor signaling inhibitors and chemotherapy. In this review, we examine the current evidence for several prognostic, predictive and diagnostic tissue-based molecular biomarkers in prostate cancer management. For each assay, we summarize a recent survey of the International Society of Urology Pathology (ISUP) members on current testing practices and include recommendations for testing that emerged from the ISUP Working Group on Molecular Pathology of Prostate Cancer and the 2019 Consultation Conference on Molecular Pathology of Urogenital Cancers.
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14
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Bai X, Jiang Y, Zhang X, Wang M, Tian J, Mu L, Du Y. The Value of Prostate-Specific Antigen-Related Indexes and Imaging Screening in the Diagnosis of Prostate Cancer. Cancer Manag Res 2020; 12:6821-6826. [PMID: 32801907 PMCID: PMC7414922 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s257769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2020] [Accepted: 07/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective The aim of this study was to explore the value of the prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels, the ratio of free PSA to total PSA (fPSA/TPSA), the PSA density (PSAD), digital rectal examination (DRE), transrectal prostate ultrasound (TRUS), and multiparameter MRI (MP-MRI) in the differential diagnosis of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and prostate cancer (PCa). Methods From February 2016 to September 2019, data from 620 patients who underwent systematic transrectal ultrasound-guided prostate biopsy (STURS-PB) in our hospital were retrospectively collected, including the PSA levels, the fPSA/TPSA ratio, the PSAD, DRE, TRUS, MP-MRI, prostate volume, and other clinical data. Results Among the 620 patients, 249 patients were in the PCa group, and 371 patients in the BPH group. The positive puncture rate was 40.16%. The positive predictive values of DRE, TRUS, mpMRI, and TPSA levels for PCa were 39.91%, 39.38%, 64.14%, and 41.57%, respectively; the sensitivity of these parameters was 37.35%, 51.41%, 74.69%, and 57.43%, respectively; and the specificity of these parameters was 62.26%, 46.90%, 71.97%, and 45.82%, respectively. When the TPSA concentration was in the range of 4-20 ng/mL, the positive puncture rate of STURS-PB was 23.18%, with a high rate of misdiagnosis. When the TPSA concentration was in the range of 4-20 ng/mL, the fPSA/TPSA ratio was 0.15, the PSAD was 0.16, the comprehensive evaluation of PCa was optimal (the sensitivity of these parameters was 88.85% and 84.09%, respectively; the specificity was 80.17% and 67.29%, respectively; the positive predictive value was 57.41% and 51.39%, respectively). When the TPSA concentration >4 ng/mL, the fPSA/TPSA ratio ≤0.15 and the PSAD ≥0.16, the sensitivity, specificity, and correctness index of the PCa and BPH diagnosis were 80.54%, 82.75%, and 67.07%, respectively. Conclusion When using DRE, TRUS, and MP-MRI to screen for PCa, MP-MRI has a relatively high sensitivity and specificity. Using these three thresholds (TPSA >4 ng/mL combined with an fPSA/TPSA ratio ≤0.15 and a PSAD ≥0.16) is significantly better than using TPSA levels alone for the differential diagnosis of PCa and BPH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojing Bai
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, People's Republic of China.,Oncology Research Lab, Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Ministry of Education, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, People's Republic of China
| | - Yumei Jiang
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, People's Republic of China.,Oncology Research Lab, Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Ministry of Education, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinwei Zhang
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, People's Republic of China.,Oncology Research Lab, Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Ministry of Education, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, People's Republic of China
| | - Meiyu Wang
- Department of Imaging, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, People's Republic of China
| | - Juanhua Tian
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, People's Republic of China
| | - Lijun Mu
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuefeng Du
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, People's Republic of China.,Oncology Research Lab, Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Ministry of Education, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, People's Republic of China
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15
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Gülhan Ö, Mahi B. The Role of AMACR, CD10, TMPRSS2-ERG, and p27 Protein Expression Among Different Gleason Grades of Prostatic Adenocarcinoma on Needle Biopsy. Clin Med Insights Oncol 2020; 14:1179554920947322. [PMID: 35185351 PMCID: PMC8855389 DOI: 10.1177/1179554920947322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2020] [Accepted: 07/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We examined the immunohistochemical expression of α-methyl acyl coenzyme A racemase (AMACR), CD10, TMPRSS2-ERG, and p27 in prostate adenocarcinoma tumors with different Gleason growth patterns and nonneoplastic prostate tissues to elucidate their roles in prostate carcinogenesis and histological aggressiveness. MATERIAL AND METHODS In total, 80 archival core biopsy tissues diagnosed as prostate carcinoma, benign prostate hyperplasia, and atrophy cases were included. Immunoreactivity was evaluated by calculating the percentage of positively stained cells and the staining intensity. The mean values and test of significance were obtained using the Kruskal-Wallis test. RESULTS We obtained mostly intense immunoreactivity for AMACR, CD10, and ERG in adenocarcinomas. Although no significant differences were noted regarding AMACR and ERG expression, samples with Gleason growth patterns 3 and 5 tended to be strongly positive for ERG. Pattern 3 tumors exhibited the weakest positivity for CD10. The p27 expression was strong and diffuse in nonneoplastic prostate tissues. The loss of p27 expression was more frequent for pattern 5 tumors. CONCLUSION ERG and AMACR were powerful markers to detect cancer. Especially, ERG is evident in early tumors may reflect its interaction with functional androgen receptors in cancer initiation. Pattern 5 tumors associated with stroma may have been exposed to more stromal substrates and upregulate their CD10 content as a protein degrader. We suggest that CD10 expression is associated with an increasing tumor grade. Decreased concentrations of p27 protein might be implicated in prostate carcinogenesis and may be a useful immunohistochemical adjunct in predicting histological aggressiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Özdemir Gülhan
- Department of Pathology, Mengücek Gazi Training and Research Hospital, Erzincan Binali Yıldırım University, Erzincan, Turkey
| | - Balcı Mahi
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Kirikkale University, Kırıkkale, Turkey
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16
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Nóbrega MD, Cilião HL, Souza MFD, Souza MRD, Serpeloni JM, Fuganti PE, Cólus IMDS. Association of polymorphisms of PTEN, AKT1, PI3K, AR, and AMACR genes in patients with prostate cancer. Genet Mol Biol 2020; 43:e20180329. [PMID: 32484847 PMCID: PMC7271063 DOI: 10.1590/1678-4685-gmb-2018-0329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2018] [Accepted: 07/31/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Polymorphic variants in the PTEN (rs2735343), PI3K (rs2699887), AKT1 (rs2494750), AR (rs17302090), and AMACR (rs3195676) genes were evaluated as possible molecular markers of susceptibility, prognosis, and progression of prostate cancer (PCa), in a case-control study. Samples consisted of 277 patients with PCa and 277 controls from Londrina, PR, Brazil. SNPs were analyzed by real-time PCR. A family history of cancer, including PCa, as well as level of schooling were risk factors for PCa. The data were obtained via logistic regression, using odds ratios with a CI 95%. The genotypes of AKT1 and AKT1+AR demonstrated an association with protection for the disease. The combination of SNPs with the histopathological tumor data between allele variants of AMACR, AKT1+AR, and AKT1+AMACR indicated an association with protection against seminal vesicle invasion. The polymorphisms AKT1+AR and PI3K+AR were associated with protection against tumor bilaterality. The genotype combinations PTEN+AMACR and PTEN+AR were associated with the risk of extracapsular extension. Of the five genes studied, two were associated with protection for PCa, four were associated with protection for some prognostic variables, and only one was associated with risk. Thus, these SNPs are candidates for markers to discriminate men with better or worse prognosis for PCa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monyse de Nóbrega
- Universidade Estadual de Londrina (UEL), Departamento de Biologia Geral, Londrina, PR, Brazil
| | - Heloisa Lizotti Cilião
- Universidade Estadual de Londrina (UEL), Departamento de Biologia Geral, Londrina, PR, Brazil
| | | | - Milene Roldão de Souza
- Universidade Estadual de Londrina (UEL), Departamento de Biologia Geral, Londrina, PR, Brazil
| | - Juliana Mara Serpeloni
- Universidade Estadual de Londrina (UEL), Departamento de Biologia Geral, Londrina, PR, Brazil
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17
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Kamel MG, Istanbuly S, Abd-Elhay FAE, Mohamed MYF, Huu-Hoai L, Sadik M, Dibas M, Huy NT. Examined and Positive Lymph Node Counts Are Associated with Mortality in Prostate Cancer: A Population-Based Analysis. Urol Int 2020; 104:699-709. [PMID: 32268338 DOI: 10.1159/000505410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2019] [Accepted: 12/11/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prostate cancer (PCa) is the third leading cause of death from cancer in the United States. We aimed to disclose the prognostic values of examined (dissected) lymph node (ELN), negative lymph node (NLN), and positive (metastatic) lymph node (PLN) counts and lymph node (LNs) ratio in PCa patients. METHODS We extracted data of PCa patients diagnosed between 2004 and 2015 from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) program. We included patients with a histologically confirmed diagnosis having at least one ELN and with the PCa as the primary tumor only. RESULTS We have included 96,064 patients. Multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression modelsdisclosed that patients having more ELNs were associated with better survival. However, we demonstrated that patients having more PLNs were associated with worse survival. Additionally, older age, unmarried patients, with Gleason's score of 8-10, T4 and M1 stages and those who received chemotherapy and/or radiation but did not receive surgery were significantly associated with worse PCa survival. CONCLUSIONS We have disclosed several independent predictors affecting PCa patients including age, marital status, Gleason's score, T and N stages, having received therapy, surgery, and ELN and PLN counts. Moreover, we demonstrated that patients with lower ELN and higher PLN counts were a high-risk group. We strongly recommend adding the ELN and/or PLN counts into consideration during patient staging/treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Gomaa Kamel
- Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, Minia, Egypt.,Online Research Club, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Sedralmontaha Istanbuly
- Online Research Club, Nagasaki, Japan.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Aleppo, Aleppo, Syrian Arab Republic
| | | | | | - Le Huu-Hoai
- Online Research Club, Nagasaki, Japan.,Saigon General Hospital, Ho Chi Minh, Vietnam
| | - Mohamed Sadik
- Online Research Club, Nagasaki, Japan.,Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mahmoud Dibas
- Online Research Club, Nagasaki, Japan.,Sulaiman Al Rajhi Colleges, Al Bukayriya, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nguyen Tien Huy
- Department of Clinical Product Development, Institute of Tropical Medicine (NEKKEN), School of Tropical Medicine and Global Health, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan, .,Evidence Based Medicine Research Group & Faculty of Applied Sciences, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh, Vietnam,
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18
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Harraz AM, Atia N, Ismail A, Shady A, Farg H, Gabr H, Fouda M, Abol-Enein H, Abdel-Aziz AF. Evaluation of serum fatty acid binding protein-4 (FABP-4) as a novel biomarker to predict biopsy outcomes in prostate biopsy naïve patients. Int Urol Nephrol 2020; 52:1483-1490. [PMID: 32166568 DOI: 10.1007/s11255-020-02426-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2019] [Accepted: 02/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To investigate the role of serum fatty acid-binding protein-4 (FABP-4) as a surrogate of obesity and metabolic syndrome in the prediction of the outcome of prostate biopsy. METHODS A prospective pilot study was conducted for patients undergoing prostate needle biopsy (PNB) for clinically suspected prostate cancer (PCa) between June 2016 and August 2017. Fifty consecutive patients with biopsy-proven PCa were included as study group and 50 consecutive patients with negative biopsy were included as a control group. Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve was used to calculate the area under the curve (AUC) to compare the accuracy of the different parameters in the diagnosis as well as the presence of high-grade PCa (Gleason score 8-9) at PNB. Predictors of the outcome were analyzed using univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis. RESULTS FABP-4 (AUC: 0.75; P < 0.001) and PSA-density (AUC: 0.84; P < 0.001) were the most accurate to detect PCa at PNB. On multivariate analysis, FABP-4 > 22.5 ng/ml (OR: 16.6; 95% CI 2.8-98; P = 0.002) and PSA-density > 0.38 ng/ml/ml OR: 17.7; 95% CI 5.3-59; P < 0.001) were independent predictors of PCa detection. Regarding high-grade PCa at PNB, FABP-4 (AUC: 0.79; P < 0.001) and %Free-PSA (AUC: 0.75; P < 0.001) were the most accurate. Independent predictors of high-grade PCa were FABP-4 > 32.3 ng/ml OR: 9.2; 95% CI 1.8-45; P = 0.006) and %Free-PSA ≤ 21.9 (OR: 5.5; 95% CI 1.1-27; P = 0.03). CONCLUSIONS FABP-4 is an independent predictor for both the diagnosis and high-grade Gleason score at PNB. This novel biomarker might have a promising role in optimizing PNB outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed M Harraz
- Urology Department, Urology and Nephrology Center, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt.
| | - Nora Atia
- Faculty of Science, Biochemistry Department, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Amani Ismail
- Urology Department, Urology and Nephrology Center, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Abdallah Shady
- Radiology Department, Urology and Nephrology Center, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Hashim Farg
- Radiology Department, Urology and Nephrology Center, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Hady Gabr
- Radiology Department, Urology and Nephrology Center, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Fouda
- Radiology Department, Urology and Nephrology Center, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Hassan Abol-Enein
- Urology Department, Urology and Nephrology Center, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - A F Abdel-Aziz
- Faculty of Science, Biochemistry Department, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
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19
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Hectors SJ, Said D, Gnerre J, Tewari A, Taouli B. Luminal Water Imaging: Comparison With Diffusion-Weighted Imaging (DWI) and PI-RADS for Characterization of Prostate Cancer Aggressiveness. J Magn Reson Imaging 2020; 52:271-279. [PMID: 31961049 DOI: 10.1002/jmri.27050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2019] [Revised: 12/14/2019] [Accepted: 12/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Luminal water imaging (LWI), a multicomponent T2 mapping technique, has shown promise for prostate cancer (PCa) detection and characterization. PURPOSE To 1) quantify LWI parameters and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) in PCa and benign peripheral zone (PZ) tissues; and 2) evaluate the diagnostic performance of LWI, ADC, and PI-RADS parameters for differentiation between low- and high-grade PCa lesions. STUDY TYPE Prospective. SUBJECTS Twenty-six PCa patients undergoing prostatectomy (mean age 59 years, range 46-72 years). FIELD STRENGTH/SEQUENCE Multiparametric MRI at 3.0T, including diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) and LWI T2 mapping. ASSESSMENT LWI parameters and ADC were quantified in index PCa lesions and benign PZ. STATISTICAL TESTS Differences in MRI parameters between PCa and benign PZ were assessed using Wilcoxon signed tests. Spearman correlation of pathological grade group (GG) with LWI parameters, ADC, and PI-RADS was evaluated. The utility of each of the parameters for differentiation between low-grade (GG ≤2) and high-grade (GG ≥3) PCa was determined by Mann-Whitney U tests and ROC analyses. RESULTS Twenty-six index lesions were analyzed (mean size 1.7 ± 0.8 cm, GG: 1 [n = 1; 4%], 2 [n = 14, 54%], 3 [n = 8, 31%], 5 [n = 3, 12%]). LWI parameters and ADC both showed high diagnostic performance for differentiation between benign PZ and PCa (highest area under the curve [AUC] for LWI parameter T2,short [AUC = 0.98, P < 0.001]). The LWI parameters luminal water fraction (LWF) and amplitude of long T2 component Along significantly correlated with GG (r = -0.441, P = 0.024 and r = -0.414, P = 0.036, respectively), while PI-RADS, ADC, and the other LWI parameters did not (P = 0.132-0.869). LWF and Along also showed significant differences between low-grade and high-grade PCa (AUC = 0.776, P = 0.008 and AUC = 0.758, P = 0.027, respectively). Maximum diagnostic performance for discrimination of high-grade PCa was found with combined LWI parameters (AUC 0.891, P = 0.001). DATA CONCLUSION LWI parameters, in particular in combination, showed superior diagnostic performance for differentiation between low-grade and high-grade PCa compared to ADC and PI-RADS assessment. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2020;52:271-279.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefanie J Hectors
- BioMedical Engineering and Imaging Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA.,Department of Radiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA.,Department of Radiology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Daniela Said
- BioMedical Engineering and Imaging Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA.,Department of Radiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA.,Department of Radiology, Universidad de los Andes, Santiago, Chile
| | - Jeffrey Gnerre
- Department of Radiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Ashutosh Tewari
- Department of Urology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Bachir Taouli
- BioMedical Engineering and Imaging Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA.,Department of Radiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
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20
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Kammerer-Jacquet SF, Ahmad A, Møller H, Sandu H, Scardino P, Soosay G, Beltran L, Cuzick J, Berney DM. Ki-67 is an independent predictor of prostate cancer death in routine needle biopsy samples: proving utility for routine assessments. Mod Pathol 2019; 32:1303-1309. [PMID: 30976102 PMCID: PMC8647491 DOI: 10.1038/s41379-019-0268-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2018] [Revised: 03/06/2019] [Accepted: 03/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Standard clinical parameters fail to accurately differentiate indolent from aggressive prostate cancer. Our previous studies showed that immunohistochemical testing for Ki-67 improved prediction of prostate cancer death in a previous cohort of conservatively treated clinically localized prostate cancer. However there is a need for validation of usage with whole biopsy sections rather than tissue micro-arrays for use in routine diagnostics. Prostate cancer biopsy cases were identified in the UK, between 1990 and 2003, treated conservatively. Tumor extent and prostate-specific antigen (PSA) serum measurements were available. Biopsy cases were centrally reviewed by three uropathologists and Gleason conformed to contemporary ISUP 2014 criteria. Follow-up was through cancer registries up until 2012. Deaths were divided into those from prostate cancer and those from other causes. The percentage of Ki-67 in tumor cells was evaluated by immunohistochemistry on whole biopsy sections and was available for 756 patients. This percentage was used in analysis of cancer specific survival using a Cox proportional hazards model. In univariate analysis, the interquartile hazard ratio (HR) (95% confidence intervals) for continuous Ki-67 was 1.68 (1.49, 1.89), χ12 = 47.975, P < 0.001. In grade groups 1 and 2, continuous Ki-67 was a statistically significant predictor of time to death from prostate cancer, HR (95% CI) = 1.97 (1.34, 2.88), χ12 = 9.017, p = 0.003. In multivariate analysis, continuous Ki-67 added significant predictive information to that provided by grade groups, extent of disease and serum PSA, HR (95% CI) = 1.34 (1.16, 1.54), Δχ12 = 13.703, P < 0.001. We now advocate the introduction of Ki-67 as a viable and practicable prognostic biomarker in clinical practice. The association of Ki-67 with mortality was highest in grade groups 1 and 2, showing that Ki-67 can be used as a routine biomarker in patients being considered for active surveillance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Solène-Florence Kammerer-Jacquet
- Department of Molecular Oncology, Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, EC1A 7BE, UK. .,Department of Pathology, University Hospital of Rennes, Université de Rennes 1, Université Bretagne Loire, 35000, Rennes, France.
| | - Amar Ahmad
- UK Centre for Cancer Prevention, Wolfson Institute of Preventive Medicine, Queen Mary University of London, EC1A 7BE London, UK
| | - Henrik Møller
- Cancer Epidemiology and Population Health, King’s College London, SE1 9RT London, UK
| | - Holly Sandu
- UK Centre for Cancer Prevention, Wolfson Institute of Preventive Medicine, Queen Mary University of London, EC1A 7BE London, UK
| | - Peter Scardino
- Department of Urology, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, 10065 NY, USA
| | - Geraldine Soosay
- Department of Pathology, Queen’s Hospital, Essex, RM7 0AG Romford, UK
| | - Luis Beltran
- Department of Molecular Oncology, Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, EC1A 7BE London, UK
| | - Jack Cuzick
- UK Centre for Cancer Prevention, Wolfson Institute of Preventive Medicine, Queen Mary University of London, EC1A 7BE London, UK
| | - Daniel M Berney
- Department of Molecular Oncology, Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, EC1A 7BE London, UK
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21
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Wen YA, Zhou BW, Lv DJ, Shu FP, Song XL, Huang B, Wang C, Zhao SC. Phosphoglycerate mutase 1 knockdown inhibits prostate cancer cell growth, migration, and invasion. Asian J Androl 2019; 20:178-183. [PMID: 29271400 PMCID: PMC5858104 DOI: 10.4103/aja.aja_57_17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Phosphoglycerate mutase 1 (PGAM1) is upregulated in many cancer types and involved in cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and apoptosis. However, the relationship between PGAM1 and prostate cancer is poorly understood. The present study investigated the changes in PGAM1 expression in prostate cancer tissues compared with normal prostate tissues and examined the cellular function of PGAM1 and its relationship with clinicopathological variables. Immunohistochemistry and Western blotting revealed that PGAM1 expression was upregulated in prostate cancer tissues and cell lines. PGAM1 expression was associated with Gleason score (P = 0.01) and T-stage (P = 0.009). Knockdown of PGAM1 by siRNA in PC-3 and 22Rv1 prostate cancer cell lines inhibited cell proliferation, migration, and invasion and enhanced cancer cell apoptosis. In a nude mouse xenograft model, PGAM1 knockdown markedly suppressed tumor growth. Deletion of PGAM1 resulted in decreased expression of Bcl-2, enhanced expression of Bax, caspases-3 and inhibition of MMP-2 and MMP-9 expression. Our results indicate that PGAM1 may play an important role in prostate cancer progression and aggressiveness, and that it might be a valuable marker of poor prognosis and a potential therapeutic target for prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao-An Wen
- Department of Urology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University/The First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Bo-Wei Zhou
- Department of Urology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University/The First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Dao-Jun Lv
- Department of Urology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University/The First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Fang-Peng Shu
- Department of Urology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University/The First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Xian-Lu Song
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Affiliated Cancer Hospital and Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510095, China
| | - Bin Huang
- Department of Urology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University/The First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Chong Wang
- Department of Urology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University/The First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Shan-Chao Zhao
- Department of Urology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University/The First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
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22
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Saidova AA, Potashnikova DM, Tvorogova AV, Maly IV, Hofmann WA, Vorobjev IA. Specific and reliable detection of Myosin 1C isoform A by RTqPCR in prostate cancer cells. PeerJ 2018; 6:e5970. [PMID: 30498638 PMCID: PMC6251347 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.5970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2018] [Accepted: 10/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Prostate cancer (PC) diagnostics and treatment often present a challenging task due to cancer subtype heterogeneity and differential disease progression in patient subgroups. Hence, the critical issue is finding a reliable and sensitive diagnostic and prognostic PC marker, especially for cases of biopsies with low percentages of cancer cells. Isoform A of myosin 1C was shown to be expressed in PC cells and responsible for their invasive properties, however, its feasibility for diagnostic purposes remains to be elucidated. Methods To verify the role of myosin 1C isoform A mRNA expression as a putative prostate cancer marker we performed RT qPCR normalized by three reference genes (GAPDH, YWHAZ, HPRT1) on PC3, RWPE-1, LNCaP and 22Rv1 cell lines. Myosin 1C isoform A detection specificity was confirmed by immunofluorescence staining, cancer and non-cancer prostate cell lines were immunophenotyped by flow cytometry. Results Median normalized mRNA expression level of myosin 1C isoform A in PC cells (PC3 and 22Rv1) is two orders of magnitude higher compared to RWPE-1 cells, which functionally correspond to benign prostate cells. Myosin 1C isoform A expression allows PC cell detection even at a dilution ratio of 1:1000 cancer to non-cancer cells. At the protein level, the mean fluorescence intensity of myosin 1C isoform A staining in PC3 nuclei was only twice as high as in RWPE-1, while the immunophenotypes of both cell lines were similar (CD44+/CD90-/CD133-/CD57-/CD24+-). Conclusions We report a distinct difference in myosin 1C isoform A mRNA levels in malignant (PC3) and benign (RWPE-1) prostate cell lines and suggest a combination of three reference genes for accurate data normalization. For the first time we provide an immunophenotype comparison of RWPE-1 and PC3 cells and demonstrate that RT qPCR analysis of MYO 1C A using appropriate reference genes is sufficient for PC detection even in low-abundance cancer specimens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleena A Saidova
- Biological Faculty, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Daria M Potashnikova
- Biological Faculty, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia.,Laboratory of Atherothrombosis, Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry, Moscow, Russia
| | - Anna V Tvorogova
- A.N. Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Ivan V Maly
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, United States of America
| | - Wilma A Hofmann
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, United States of America
| | - Ivan A Vorobjev
- Biological Faculty, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia.,A.N. Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia.,Department of Biology, School of Science and Technology, Nazarbayev University, Astana, Kazakhstan
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23
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Nunes-Xavier CE, Mingo J, López JI, Pulido R. The role of protein tyrosine phosphatases in prostate cancer biology. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2018; 1866:102-113. [PMID: 30401533 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2018.06.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2018] [Revised: 06/18/2018] [Accepted: 06/28/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PCa) is the most frequent malignancy in the male population of Western countries. Although earlier detection and more active surveillance have improved survival, it is still a challenge how to treat advanced cases. Since androgen receptor (AR) and AR-related signaling pathways are fundamental in the growth of normal and neoplastic prostate cells, targeting androgen synthesis or AR activity constitutes the basis of the current hormonal therapies in PCa. However, resistance to these treatments develops, both by AR-dependent and -independent mechanisms. Thus, alternative therapeutic approaches should be developed to target more efficiently advanced disease. Protein tyrosine phosphatases (PTPs) are direct regulators of the protein- and residue-specific phosphotyrosine (pTyr) content of cells, and dysregulation of the cellular Tyr phosphorylation/dephosphorylation balance is a major driving event in cancer, including PCa. Here, we review the current knowledge on the role of classical PTPs in the growth, differentiation, and survival of epithelial prostate cells, and their potential as important players and therapeutic targets for modulation in PCa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline E Nunes-Xavier
- Department of Tumor Biology, Institute of Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital Radiumhospitalet, N-0310 Oslo, Norway; Biomarkers in Cancer Unit, Biocruces Health Research Institute, 48903 Barakaldo, Bizkaia, Spain
| | - Janire Mingo
- Biomarkers in Cancer Unit, Biocruces Health Research Institute, 48903 Barakaldo, Bizkaia, Spain
| | - José I López
- Biomarkers in Cancer Unit, Biocruces Health Research Institute, 48903 Barakaldo, Bizkaia, Spain; Department of Pathology, Cruces University Hospital, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), 48903 Barakaldo, Bizkaia, Spain
| | - Rafael Pulido
- Biomarkers in Cancer Unit, Biocruces Health Research Institute, 48903 Barakaldo, Bizkaia, Spain; Ikerbasque, Basque Foundation for Science, 48011 Bilbao, Spain.
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24
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Cancer molecular markers: A guide to cancer detection and management. Semin Cancer Biol 2018; 52:39-55. [PMID: 29428478 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2018.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2017] [Revised: 11/04/2017] [Accepted: 02/05/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Cancer is generally caused by the molecular alterations which lead to specific mutations. Advances in molecular biology have provided an impetus to the study of cancers with valuable prognostic and predictive significance. Over the hindsight various attempts have been undertaken by scientists worldwide, in the management of cancer; where, we have witnessed a number of molecular markers which allow the early detection of cancers and lead to a decrease in its mortality rate. Recent advances in oncology have led to the discovery of cancer markers that has allowed early detection and targeted therapy of tumors. In this context, current review provides a detail outlook on various molecular markers for diagnosis, prognosis and management of therapeutic response in cancer patients.
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25
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Metalloproteinase 11, potential marker and molecular target in advanced and castration-resistant prostate cancer. Culture study of peritumoral fibroblasts. Actas Urol Esp 2017; 41:376-382. [PMID: 28161070 DOI: 10.1016/j.acuro.2016.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2016] [Accepted: 12/12/2016] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To analyze the expression of metalloprotein 11 (MMP11) in cultured fibroblasts obtained from human prostate tumors with different clinical and pathological characteristics. MATERIAL AND METHODS For this study we analyzed samples of transrectal prostate biopsies from tumors with different characteristics, treated with or whithout androgen deprivation (AD). After optimization of the culture method, fibroblasts were isolated and cultured to perform the study (PCR) of MMP11 mRNA. RESULTS Finally, 37 cases were studied: 5 samples of benign prostatic hyperplasia, 14 cases with localized neoplasms (7 high-risk according to the D'Amico classification), 5 with metastasic tumors (bone metastases), and 13 treated with AD therapy, of which 6 fulfilled the requirements to be defined as resistant to castration. In tumors without AD therapy, MMP11 expression was significantly higher (P=.001) in fibroblasts of higher grade tumors. A significant (P=.001) correlation was found between PSA and expression of MMP11 in fibroblast s and a significant increase of MMP11 expression in metastatic tumors. In tumors with AD therapy, a significantly greater expression of MMP11 was observed in resistant to castration patients than in those sensitive to castration (P=.003). CONCLUSION In advanced prostate tumors or in stages of increased tumor aggressiveness, the production of MMP11 by fibroblasts is significantly greater than in non-metastatic tumors or in AD sensitive tumors.
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26
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In prostate cancer needle biopsies, detections of PTEN loss by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) and by immunohistochemistry (IHC) are concordant and show consistent association with upgrading. Virchows Arch 2016; 468:607-17. [DOI: 10.1007/s00428-016-1904-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2015] [Revised: 12/15/2015] [Accepted: 01/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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27
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Huang L, Li M, Wang D, He J, Wu W, Zeng Q, Li J, Xiao M, Hu J, He Y, Li Y, Mai L, Liu W. Overexpressed Rce1 is positively correlated with tumor progression and predicts poor prognosis in prostate cancer. Hum Pathol 2016; 47:109-14. [DOI: 10.1016/j.humpath.2015.08.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2015] [Revised: 08/18/2015] [Accepted: 08/20/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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28
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Troyer DA, Jamaspishvili T, Wei W, Feng Z, Good J, Hawley S, Fazli L, McKenney JK, Simko J, Hurtado-Coll A, Carroll PR, Gleave M, Lance R, Lin DW, Nelson PS, Thompson IM, True LD, Brooks JD, Squire JA. A multicenter study shows PTEN deletion is strongly associated with seminal vesicle involvement and extracapsular extension in localized prostate cancer. Prostate 2015; 75:1206-15. [PMID: 25939393 PMCID: PMC4475421 DOI: 10.1002/pros.23003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2014] [Accepted: 03/20/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Loss of the phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) tumor suppressor gene is a promising marker of aggressive prostate cancer. Active surveillance and watchful waiting are increasingly recommended to patients with small tumors felt to be low risk, highlighting the difficulties of Gleason scoring in this setting. There is an urgent need for predictive biomarkers that can be rapidly deployed to aid in clinical decision-making. Our objectives were to assess the incidence and ability of PTEN alterations to predict aggressive disease in a multicenter study. METHODS We used recently developed probes optimized for sensitivity and specificity in a four-color FISH deletion assay to study the Canary Retrospective multicenter Prostate Cancer Tissue Microarray (TMA). This TMA was constructed specifically for biomarker validation from radical prostatectomy specimens, and is accompanied by detailed clinical information with long-term follow-up. RESULTS In 612 prostate cancers, the overall rate of PTEN deletion was 112 (18.3%). Hemizygous PTEN losses were present in 55/612 (9.0%) of cancers, whereas homozygous PTEN deletion was observed in 57/612 (9.3%) of tumors. Significant associations were found between PTEN status and pathologic stage (P < 0.0001), seminal vesicle invasion (P = 0.0008), extracapsular extension (P < 0.0001), and Gleason score (P = 0.0002). In logistic regression analysis of clinical and pathological variables, PTEN deletion was significantly associated with extracapsular extension, seminal vesicle involvement, and higher Gleason score. In the 406 patients in which clinical information was available, PTEN homozygous (P = 0.009) deletion was associated with worse post-operative recurrence-free survival (number of events = 189), pre-operative prostate specific antigen (PSA) (P < 0.001), and pathologic stage (P = 0.03). CONCLUSION PTEN status assessed by FISH is an independent predictor for recurrence-free survival in multivariate models, as were seminal vesicle invasion, extracapsular extension, and Gleason score, and preoperative PSA. Furthermore, these data demonstrate that the assay can be readily introduced at first diagnosis in a cost effective manner analogous to the use of FISH for analysis of HER2/neu status in breast cancer. Combined with published research beginning 17 years ago, both the data and tools now exist to implement a PTEN assay in the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dean A Troyer
- Eastern Virginia Medical School, Pathology and Microbiology and Molecular BiologyNorfolk, Virginia
- Department of Pathology, University of Texas Health Science Center at San AntonioSan Antonio, Texas
| | - Tamara Jamaspishvili
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, Queen’s UniversityKingston, Ontario, Canada
| | - Wei Wei
- Department of Biostatistics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer CenterHouston, Texas
| | - Ziding Feng
- Department of Biostatistics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer CenterHouston, Texas
| | - Jennifer Good
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, Queen’s UniversityKingston, Ontario, Canada
| | - Sarah Hawley
- Canary FoundationCanary Center at Stanford, 3155 Porter DrivePalo Alto
| | - Ladan Fazli
- The Prostate Center at Vancouver General Hospital, University of British ColumbiaVancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | | | - Jeff Simko
- Department of Pathology, University of California San FranciscoSan Francisco, California
- Department of Urology, University of California San FranciscoSan Francisco, California
| | - Antonio Hurtado-Coll
- The Prostate Center at Vancouver General Hospital, University of British ColumbiaVancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Peter R Carroll
- Department of Urology, University of California San FranciscoSan Francisco, California
| | - Martin Gleave
- The Prostate Center at Vancouver General Hospital, University of British ColumbiaVancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Raymond Lance
- Department of Urology, Eastern Virginia Medical SchoolNorfolk, Virginia
| | - Daniel W Lin
- Department of Urology, University of WashingtonSeattle, Washington
| | - Peter S Nelson
- Division of Human Biology, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research CenterSeattle, Washington
| | - Ian M Thompson
- Department of Urology, University of Texas Health Science Center at San AntonioSan Antonio, Texas
| | - Lawrence D True
- Department of Pathology, University of Washington Medical CenterSeattle, Washington
| | - James D Brooks
- Department of Urology, Stanford UniversityStanford, California
| | - Jeremy A Squire
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, Queen’s UniversityKingston, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Pathology and Forensic Medicine, University of São Paulo at Ribeirão PretoBrazil
- * Correspondence to: Dr. Jeremy A. Squire, PhD, Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, Queen’s University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada; Department of Pathology and Forensic Medicine, University of São Paulo at Ribeirão Preto, Brazil. E-mail:
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29
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Jia X, Sun Y, Wang B. Gray level entropy matrix is a superior predictor than multiplex ELISA in the detection of reactive stroma and metastatic potential of high-grade prostatic adenocarcinoma. IUBMB Life 2015; 66:847-53. [PMID: 25631296 DOI: 10.1002/iub.1337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2014] [Accepted: 12/01/2014] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaopeng Jia
- Department of Urology; The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University; Shijiazhuang Hebei China
| | - Yanan Sun
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology; Bethune International Peace Hospital of PLA; Shijiazhuang Hebei China
| | - Baozhi Wang
- Department of Human Anatomy; School of Basic Medical Sciences, Hebei Medical University; Shijiazhuang Hebei China
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