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Khathi A, Dagogo-Jack S. Editorial: Prediabetes and endocrine function. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1268552. [PMID: 37664837 PMCID: PMC10471125 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1268552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Andile Khathi
- School of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Sciences, Discipline of Human Physiology, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - Sam Dagogo-Jack
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes & Metabolism, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, United States
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Roumeliotis S, Liakopoulos V, Dounousi E, Mark PB. Oxidative Stress in End-Stage Renal Disease: Pathophysiology and Potential Interventions. Oxid Med Cell Longev 2023; 2023:9870138. [PMID: 37448556 PMCID: PMC10338128 DOI: 10.1155/2023/9870138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2023] [Accepted: 03/03/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Stefanos Roumeliotis
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, 1st Department of Internal Medicine, AHEPA Hospital, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54636 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Vassilios Liakopoulos
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, 1st Department of Internal Medicine, AHEPA Hospital, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54636 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Evangelia Dounousi
- Department of Nephrology, School of Medicine, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece
| | - Patrick B. Mark
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Molecular Sciences, Glasgow University, Glasgow, UK
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Lyoussi B, Laaroussi H, Cherkaoui-Tangi K, Hano C, Morel N. Hypoglycemic and Hypotensive Effects of Calycotome villosa Subsp. intermedia Seeds in Meriones shawi Rats: In Vivo, Ex Vivo, and In Vitro Investigations. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med 2023; 2023:3081102. [PMID: 37215635 PMCID: PMC10195170 DOI: 10.1155/2023/3081102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2022] [Revised: 02/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/31/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Calycotome villosa subsp. intermedia is used in traditional medicine for the prevention and self-treatment of a variety of illnesses, including diabetes mellitus, obesity, and hypertension. The present study aims to investigate the in vivo, ex vivo, and in vitro hypoglycemic and hypotensive effects of the lyophilized aqueous extract of Calycotome villosa subsp. intermedia seeds (CV) on Meriones shawi submitted to hypercaloric diet and physical inactivity (HCD/PI) for 12 weeks. This diet induces a type 2 diabetes/metabolic syndrome phenotype with hypertension. Furthermore, HCD/PI decreased aorta contraction due to noradrenaline, enhanced L-arginine, and depressed insulin-evoked relaxation, while the relaxing effects of the NO donor SNAP and of diazoxide were unchanged. In vivo experiments showed that the oral administration of the CV extract (50 mg/kg b.wt) for 3 consecutive weeks significantly attenuated the development of type 2 diabetes, obesity, dyslipidemia, and hypertension. These effects may involve the improvement of lipid metabolism, insulin sensitivity, systolic arterial pressure, and urine output. Additionally, ex vivo and in vitro investigations revealed that CV treatment improved vascular contraction to noradrenaline, induced a slight aorta relaxation in response to carbachol, increased the vasorelaxation effect evoked by insulin, and depressed the L-arginine evoked relaxation. However, CV did not change the endothelium-independent vasorelaxation response evoked by SNAP or diazoxide. Hence, the present study provides useful information and supports the traditional use of CV in the prevention and self-treatment of numerous ailments. Overall, it can be concluded that Calycotome villosa subsp. intermedia seed extracts might be useful in the management of type 2 diabetes and hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Badiaa Lyoussi
- Laboratory of Natural Substances, Pharmacology, Environment, Modeling, Health and Quality of Life (SNAMOPEQ), Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences Dhar Mehraz, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdallah University, 30000 Fez, Morocco
| | - Hassan Laaroussi
- Laboratory of Natural Substances, Pharmacology, Environment, Modeling, Health and Quality of Life (SNAMOPEQ), Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences Dhar Mehraz, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdallah University, 30000 Fez, Morocco
| | - Khadija Cherkaoui-Tangi
- Laboratory of Natural Substances, Pharmacology, Environment, Modeling, Health and Quality of Life (SNAMOPEQ), Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences Dhar Mehraz, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdallah University, 30000 Fez, Morocco
- Secteur des Sciences de la Santé, Université Catholique de Louvain, Bruxelles, Belgium
| | - Christophe Hano
- Department of Biological Chemistry, University of Orleans, Eure et Loir Campus, Chartres, France
| | - Nicole Morel
- Secteur des Sciences de la Santé, Université Catholique de Louvain, Bruxelles, Belgium
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He Y, Wang Y, Yang K, Jiao J, Zhan H, Yang Y, Lv D, Li W, Ding W. Maslinic Acid: A New Compound for the Treatment of Multiple Organ Diseases. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27248732. [PMID: 36557864 PMCID: PMC9786823 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27248732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 12/03/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Maslinic acid (MA) is a pentacyclic triterpene acid, which exists in many plants, including olive, and is highly safe for human beings. In recent years, it has been reported that MA has anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anti-tumor, hypoglycemic, neuroprotective and other biological activities. More and more experimental data has shown that MA has a good therapeutic effect on multiple organ diseases, indicating that it has great clinical application potential. In this paper, the extraction, purification, identification and analysis, biological activity, pharmacokinetics in vivo and molecular mechanism of MA in treating various organ diseases are reviewed. It is hoped to provide a new idea for MA to treat various organ diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan He
- Department of Fundamental Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1166 Liutai Avenue, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Yi Wang
- Department of Fundamental Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1166 Liutai Avenue, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Kun Yang
- Department of Fundamental Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1166 Liutai Avenue, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Jia Jiao
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1166 Liutai Avenue, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Hong Zhan
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1166 Liutai Avenue, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Youjun Yang
- Department of Fundamental Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1166 Liutai Avenue, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - De Lv
- Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Weihong Li
- Department of Fundamental Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1166 Liutai Avenue, Chengdu 611137, China
- Correspondence: (W.L.); (W.D.); Tel.: +86-28-6180-0219 (W.L. & W.D.); Fax: +86-28-6180-0225 (W.L. & W.D.)
| | - Weijun Ding
- Department of Fundamental Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1166 Liutai Avenue, Chengdu 611137, China
- Correspondence: (W.L.); (W.D.); Tel.: +86-28-6180-0219 (W.L. & W.D.); Fax: +86-28-6180-0225 (W.L. & W.D.)
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Matee KR, Akinnuga AM, Siboto A, Ngubane P, Khathi A. Bredemolic acid restores glucose utilization and attenuates oxidative stress in palmitic acid-induced insulin-resistant C2C12 cells. Endocr Regul 2022; 56:126-33. [PMID: 35489052 DOI: 10.2478/enr-2022-0014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective. Due to insulin resistance and oxidative stress that are associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), T2DM has become a prevalent metabolic disorder that presents various side effects. However, alternative antidiabetic treatment has commonly been used in treating diabetes mellitus in diabetic patients. In our previous studies, bredemolic acid has been reported as an antidiabetic agent that improves glucose uptake, ameliorates insulin resistance, and oxidative stress in the liver, heart, kidney, and skeletal muscle of prediabetic rats. However, these effects have not been validated in vitro. Therefore, this study was aimed to investigate the effects of bredemolic acid on insulin-mediated glucose utilization, lipid peroxidation, and the total antioxidant capacity (TOAC) in palmitic acid-induced insulin-resistant C2C12 skeletal muscle cells in vitro. Methods. Insulin resistance was induced in the skeletal muscle cells after 4 h of exposure to palmitic acid (0.5 mmol/l). Different cell groups were incubated in culture media DMEM supplemented with fetal calf serum (10%), penicillin/streptomycin (1%), and L-glutamine (1%) and then treated with either insulin (4 µg/ml) or bredemolic acid (12.5 mmol/l) or with both. Thereafter, the cells were seeded in 24- or 96-well plates for determination of the cell viability, glucose utilization, glycogen formation, and antioxidant capacity. Results. The results showed that bredemolic acid significantly improved TOAC and promoted glucose utilization via attenuation of lipid peroxidation and increased glycogen formation in the insulin-resistant cells, respectively. Conclusion. This study showed that bredemolic acid restored the insulin resistance through improved glucose utilization, glycogen formation, and TOAC in the skeletal muscle cells.
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Diabetic nephropathy has been a devastating complication. Clinically, there is an urgent need for nephroprotective agents to delay the onset of diabetic nephropathy and ameliorate its symptoms. Maslinic acid is a pentacyclic triterpene acid with protective effect on multiple organs against oxidative stress and inflammation. In this research, we hypothesized that maslinic acid protects renal function against diabetic nephropathy. METHODS C57BL/6 J male mice administrated with 50 mg/kg of Streptozocin (STZ) daily were used to establish diabetic mouse model (blood glucose levels > 300 mg/dL). Urinary levels of albumin, total proteins, and creatinine were analyzed by an automatic analyzer. H&E staining was used to evaluate renal damage. qRT-PCR and ELISA were performed to investigate the inflammation and oxidative stress in renal tissues. Western blot was used to assess the activation of AMPK signaling. RESULTS Maslinic acid treatment alleviated the loss of body weight and blood glucose in diabetic mice. Renal structure and function were protected by maslinic acid in diabetic mice. 20 mg/kg maslinic acid treatment for 8 weeks significantly alleviated the oxidative stress and inflammation in the kidney of diabetic rats. Maslinic acid treatment activated the renal AMPK/SIRT1 signaling pathway. CONCLUSION Maslinic acid ameliorates diabetic nephropathy and activates the renal AMPK/SIRT1 signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huijuan Gao
- Department of endocrinology, Daqing Oilfield General Hospital, No. 9 Zhongkang Street, Daqing, 163001, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Hong Wu
- Department of endocrinology, Daqing Longnan Hospital, Aiguo Road No. 35, Daqing, 163453, Heilongjiang Province, China.
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Naidoo K, Ngubane PS, Khathi A. Investigating the Effects of Diet-Induced Pre-Diabetes on the Functioning of Calcium-Regulating Organs in Male Sprague Dawley Rats: Effects on Selected Markers. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:914189. [PMID: 35898447 PMCID: PMC9309376 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.914189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2022] [Accepted: 06/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Derangements to the functioning of calcium-regulating organs have been associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), a condition preceded by pre-diabetes. Type 2 diabetes has shown to promote renal calcium wastage, intestinal calcium malabsorption and increased bone resorption. However, the changes to the functioning of calcium-regulating organs in pre-diabetes are not known. Subsequently, the effects of diet-induced pre-diabetes on the functioning of calcium-regulating organs in a rat model for pre-diabetes was investigated in this study. Male Sprague Dawley rats were separated into two groups (n=6, each group): non-pre-diabetic (NPD) group and a diet-induced pre-diabetic (DIPD) group for 20 weeks. After the experimental period, postprandial glucose and HOMA-IR were analysed in addition to plasma and urinary calcium concentrations. Gene expressions of intestinal vitamin D (VDR), intestinal calbindin-D9k, renal 1-alpha hydroxylase and renal transient receptor potential vanilloid 5 (TRPV5) expressions in addition to plasma osteocalcin and urinary deoxypyridinoline concentrations were analysed at week 20. The results demonstrated significantly increased concentrations of postprandial glucose, HOMA-IR and urinary calcium in addition to unchanged plasma calcium levels in the DIPD group by comparison to NPD. Renal TRPV5, renal 1-alpha hydroxylase, intestinal VDR and intestinal calbindin-D9k expressions were increased in the DIPD group by comparison to NPD. Furthermore, plasma osteocalcin levels were increased and urine deoxypyridinoline levels were decreased in the DIPD group by comparison to NPD. These observations may suggest that calcium-regulating organs compensate for the changes to calcium homeostasis by inducing increased renal calcium reabsorption, increased intestinal calcium absorption and decreased bone resorption followed by increased bone formation.
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