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Rahmati S, Moeinafshar A, Rezaei N. The multifaceted role of extracellular vesicles (EVs) in colorectal cancer: metastasis, immune suppression, therapy resistance, and autophagy crosstalk. J Transl Med 2024; 22:452. [PMID: 38741166 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-024-05267-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are lipid bilayer structures released by all cells and widely distributed in all biological fluids. EVs are implicated in diverse physiopathological processes by orchestrating cell-cell communication. Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common cancers worldwide, with metastasis being the leading cause of mortality in CRC patients. EVs contribute significantly to the advancement and spread of CRC by transferring their cargo, which includes lipids, proteins, RNAs, and DNAs, to neighboring or distant cells. Besides, they can serve as non-invasive diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers for early detection of CRC or be harnessed as effective carriers for delivering therapeutic agents. Autophagy is an essential cellular process that serves to remove damaged proteins and organelles by lysosomal degradation to maintain cellular homeostasis. Autophagy and EV release are coordinately activated in tumor cells and share common factors and regulatory mechanisms. Although the significance of autophagy and EVs in cancer is well established, the exact mechanism of their interplay in tumor development is obscure. This review focuses on examining the specific functions of EVs in various aspects of CRC, including progression, metastasis, immune regulation, and therapy resistance. Further, we overview emerging discoveries relevant to autophagy and EVs crosstalk in CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soheil Rahmati
- Student Research Committee, Ramsar Campus, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Ramsar, Iran
- Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran
| | - Aysan Moeinafshar
- School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nima Rezaei
- Research Center for Immunodeficiencies, Children's Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Dr. Qarib St, Keshavarz Blvd, Tehran, 14194, Iran.
- Network of Immunity in Infection, Malignancy, and Autoimmunity (NIIMA), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran.
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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2
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LIU LEI, GUO NA, LI XIANGLING, XU QIAN, HE RUILONG, CHENG LIMIN, DANG CHUNYAN, BAI XINYU, BAI YIYING, WANG XIN, CHEN QIANHUI, ZHANG LI. miR-125b reverses cisplatin resistance by regulating autophagy via targeting RORA/BNIP3L axis in lung adenocarcinoma. Oncol Res 2024; 32:643-658. [PMID: 38560570 PMCID: PMC10972728 DOI: 10.32604/or.2023.044491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
The platinum-based chemotherapy is one of the most frequently used treatment protocols for lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD), and chemoresistance, however, usually results in treatment failure and limits its application in the clinic. It has been shown that microRNAs (miRNAs) play a significant role in tumor chemoresistance. In this study, miR-125b was identified as a specific cisplatin (DDP)-resistant gene in LUAD, as indicated by the bioinformatics analysis and the real-time quantitative PCR assay. The decreased serum level of miR-125b in LUAD patients was correlated with the poor treatment response rate and short survival time. MiR-125b decreased the A549/DDP proliferation, and the multiple drug resistance- and autophagy-related protein expression levels, which were all reversed by the inhibition of miR-125b. In addition, xenografts of human tumors in nude mice were suppressed by miR-125b, demonstrating that through autophagy regulation, miR-125b could reverse the DDP resistance in LUAD cells, both in vitro and in vivo. Further mechanistic studies indicated that miR-125b directly repressed the expression levels of RORA and its downstream BNIP3L, which in turn inhibited autophagy and reversed chemoresistance. Based on these findings, miR-125b in combination with DDP might be an effective treatment option to overcome DDP resistance in LUAD.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Mice
- Humans
- Cisplatin/pharmacology
- Cisplatin/therapeutic use
- Lung Neoplasms/drug therapy
- Lung Neoplasms/genetics
- Lung Neoplasms/pathology
- Mice, Nude
- Drug Resistance, Neoplasm/genetics
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Apoptosis/genetics
- Adenocarcinoma of Lung/drug therapy
- Adenocarcinoma of Lung/genetics
- MicroRNAs/genetics
- MicroRNAs/metabolism
- Autophagy/genetics
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic
- Nuclear Receptor Subfamily 1, Group F, Member 1/genetics
- Nuclear Receptor Subfamily 1, Group F, Member 1/metabolism
- Nuclear Receptor Subfamily 1, Group F, Member 1/pharmacology
- Membrane Proteins/genetics
- Membrane Proteins/metabolism
- Proto-Oncogene Proteins/genetics
- Tumor Suppressor Proteins
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Affiliation(s)
- LEI LIU
- Department of Immunology, Chengde Medical University, Chengde, 067000, China
| | - NA GUO
- Department of Immunology, Chengde Medical University, Chengde, 067000, China
| | - XIANGLING LI
- Department of Pathology, Chengde Medical University, Chengde, 067000, China
| | - QIAN XU
- Department of Pathology, Chengde Medical University, Chengde, 067000, China
| | - RUILONG HE
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical University, Chengde, 067000, China
| | - LIMIN CHENG
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical University, Chengde, 067000, China
| | - CHUNYAN DANG
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical University, Chengde, 067000, China
| | - XINYU BAI
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical University, Chengde, 067000, China
| | - YIYING BAI
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical University, Chengde, 067000, China
| | - XIN WANG
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical University, Chengde, 067000, China
| | - QIANHUI CHEN
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical University, Chengde, 067000, China
| | - LI ZHANG
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical University, Chengde, 067000, China
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3
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Akbari A, Noorbakhsh Varnosfaderani SM, Haeri MS, Fathi Z, Aziziyan F, Yousefi Rad A, Zalpoor H, Nabi-Afjadi M, Malekzadegan Y. Autophagy induced by Helicobacter Pylori infection can lead to gastric cancer dormancy, metastasis, and recurrence: new insights. Hum Cell 2024; 37:139-153. [PMID: 37924488 DOI: 10.1007/s13577-023-00996-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 11/06/2023]
Abstract
According to the findings of recent research, Helicobacter Pylori (H. pylori) infection is not only the primary cause of gastric cancer (GC), but it is also linked to the spread and invasion of GC through a number of processes and factors that contribute to virulence. In this study, we discussed that H. pylori infection can increase autophagy in GC tumor cells, leading to poor prognosis in such patients. Until now, the main concerns have been focused on H. pylori's role in GC development. According to our hypothesis, however, H. pylori infection may also lead to GC dormancy, metastasis, and recurrence by stimulating autophagy. Therefore, understanding how H. pylori possess these processes through its virulence factors and various microRNAs can open new windows for providing new prevention and/or therapeutic approaches to combat GC dormancy, metastasis, and recurrence which can occur in GC patients with H. pylori infection with targeting autophagy and eradicating H. pylori infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdullatif Akbari
- Shiraz Neuroscience Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
- Network of Immunity in Infection, Malignancy and Autoimmunity (NIIMA), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Melika Sadat Haeri
- Department of Biology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zeinab Fathi
- School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Aziziyan
- Network of Immunity in Infection, Malignancy and Autoimmunity (NIIMA), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Yousefi Rad
- Department of Biochemistry, Falavarjan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Hamidreza Zalpoor
- Shiraz Neuroscience Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
- Network of Immunity in Infection, Malignancy and Autoimmunity (NIIMA), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran.
| | - Mohsen Nabi-Afjadi
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.
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Gorini F, Tonacci A. Tumor Microbial Communities and Thyroid Cancer Development-The Protective Role of Antioxidant Nutrients: Application Strategies and Future Directions. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:1898. [PMID: 37891977 PMCID: PMC10604861 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12101898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Revised: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Thyroid cancer (TC), the most frequent malignancy of the endocrine system, has recorded an increasing incidence in the last decades. The etiology of TC remains at least partly unknown and, among modifiable risk factors, the gut microbiota and dietary nutrients (vitamins, essential microelements, polyphenols, probiotics) have been recognized to not only influence thyroid function, but exert critical effects on TC development and progression. Recent discoveries on the existence of tumor microbiota also in the TC microenvironment provide further evidence for the essential role of tumor microorganisms in TC etiology and severity, as well as acting as prognostic markers and as a potential target of adjuvant care in the treatment of TC patients. Therefore, in this review, we summarize current knowledge on the relationship of the tumor microbiome with the clinical tumor characteristics and TC progression, also illustrating the molecular mechanisms underlying this association, and how antioxidant nutrients may be used as a novel strategy to both control gut health and reduce the risk for TC. Furthermore, we discuss how new technologies might be exploited for the development of new foods with high nutritional values, antioxidant capability, and even attractiveness to the individual in terms of sensory and emotional features.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Gorini
- Institute of Clinical Physiology, National Research Council, 56124 Pisa, Italy;
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Tong T, Zhou Y, Huang Q, Xiao C, Bai Q, Deng B, Chen L. The regulation roles of miRNAs in Helicobacter pylori infection. CLINICAL & TRANSLATIONAL ONCOLOGY : OFFICIAL PUBLICATION OF THE FEDERATION OF SPANISH ONCOLOGY SOCIETIES AND OF THE NATIONAL CANCER INSTITUTE OF MEXICO 2023:10.1007/s12094-023-03094-9. [PMID: 36781601 DOI: 10.1007/s12094-023-03094-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2023]
Abstract
Helicobacter pylori is a kind of Gram-negative bacteria that parasitizes on human gastric mucosa. Helicobacter pylori infection is very common in human beings, which often causes gastrointestinal diseases, including chronic gastritis, duodenal ulcer and gastric cancer. MicroRNAs are a group of endogenous non-coding single stranded RNAs, which play an important role in cell proliferation, differentiation, autophagy, apoptosis and inflammation. In recent years, relevant studies have found that the expression of microRNA is changed after Helicobacter pylori infection, and then regulate the biological process of host cells. This paper reviews the regulation role of microRNAs on cell biological behavior through different signal pathways after Helicobacter pylori infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Tong
- Department of Public Health Laboratory Sciences, School of Public Health, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Typical Environmental Pollution and Health Hazards, School of Public Health, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, China.,Hengyang Engineering Technology Research Center, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, China
| | - You Zhou
- Department of Public Health Laboratory Sciences, School of Public Health, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Typical Environmental Pollution and Health Hazards, School of Public Health, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, China.,Hengyang Engineering Technology Research Center, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, China
| | - Qiaoling Huang
- Department of Public Health Laboratory Sciences, School of Public Health, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Typical Environmental Pollution and Health Hazards, School of Public Health, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, China.,Hengyang Engineering Technology Research Center, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, China
| | - Cui Xiao
- Department of Public Health Laboratory Sciences, School of Public Health, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Typical Environmental Pollution and Health Hazards, School of Public Health, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, China.,Hengyang Engineering Technology Research Center, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, China
| | - Qinqin Bai
- Department of Public Health Laboratory Sciences, School of Public Health, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Typical Environmental Pollution and Health Hazards, School of Public Health, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, China.,Hengyang Engineering Technology Research Center, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, China
| | - Bo Deng
- Department of Public Health Laboratory Sciences, School of Public Health, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Typical Environmental Pollution and Health Hazards, School of Public Health, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, China.,Hengyang Engineering Technology Research Center, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, China
| | - Lili Chen
- Department of Public Health Laboratory Sciences, School of Public Health, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, China. .,Hunan Key Laboratory of Typical Environmental Pollution and Health Hazards, School of Public Health, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, China. .,Hengyang Engineering Technology Research Center, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, China.
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6
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Ji Q, Han J, Liu J, Lv H, Wang L, Dong Y, Shi L. LncRNA THRIL promotes high glucose-induced proliferation and migration of human retina microvascular endothelial cells through enhancing autophagy. Acta Diabetol 2022; 59:369-380. [PMID: 34718852 DOI: 10.1007/s00592-021-01813-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2021] [Accepted: 10/08/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Diabetes retinopathy (DR) is associated with retinal microvascular system injury induced by high glucose (HG). This study aims to explore the role and mechanism of long non-coding RNA THRIL in regulating cell proliferation and migration of human retina microvascular endothelial cells (hRMECs) under HG condition. METHOD The gene and protein expression were detetced by RT-PCR and western blot, respectively. Cell proliferation and migration of hRMECs were examined using MTT assay and Transwell assay, respectively. The interaction between miR-125b-5p and THRIL or autophagy-related gene 4D (ATG4D) was analyzed using luciferase activity assay. RESULTS THRIL expression was induced by HG in hRMECs. THRIL overexpression enhanced the proliferation and migration of hRMECs induced by HG, whereas THRIL silencing yielded the opposite results. Furthermore, THRIL overexpression induced autophagy activation, and inhibition of autophagy by 3-methyladenine abrogated the promotory effects of THRIL overexpression on cell proliferation and migration of hRMECs. Mechanismly, THRIL inhibited miR-125b-5p to upregulate the expression of ATG4D (an important autophagy-related gene), thereby promoting autophagy. Moreover, miR-125b-5p overexpression or ATG4D silencing alone abolished the promoting effects of THRIL overexpression on HG-induced autophagy, proliferation and migration of hRMECs. CONCLUSIONS THRIL promotes HG-induced cell proliferation and migration of hRMECs through activation of autophagy via the miR-125b-5p/ATG4D axis. THRIL may serve as a potential therapeutic target for DR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingshan Ji
- Department of Ophthalmology, Affiliated First Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Anhui, 230001, China
| | - Jing Han
- Department of Ophthalmology, Affiliated First Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Anhui, 230001, China
| | - Jiajia Liu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Affiliated First Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Anhui, 230001, China
| | - Huayi Lv
- Department of Ophthalmology, Affiliated First Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Anhui, 230001, China
| | - Lisong Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Affiliated First Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Anhui, 230001, China
| | - Yiran Dong
- Department of Ophthalmology, Affiliated First Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Anhui, 230001, China
| | - Lei Shi
- Department of Ophthalmology, Affiliated First Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Anhui, 230001, China.
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7
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Wang Y, Du J, Wu X, Abdelrehem A, Ren Y, Liu C, Zhou X, Wang S. Crosstalk between autophagy and microbiota in cancer progression. Mol Cancer 2021; 20:163. [PMID: 34895252 PMCID: PMC8665582 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-021-01461-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2021] [Accepted: 11/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Autophagy is a highly conserved catabolic process seen in eukaryotes and is essentially a lysosome-dependent protein degradation pathway. The dysregulation of autophagy is often associated with the pathogenesis of numerous types of cancers, and can not only promote the survival of cancer but also trigger the tumor cell death. During cancer development, the microbial community might predispose cells to tumorigenesis by promoting mucosal inflammation, causing systemic disorders, and may also regulate the immune response to cancer. The complex relationship between autophagy and microorganisms can protect the body by activating the immune system. In addition, autophagy and microorganisms can crosstalk with each other in multifaceted ways to influence various physiological and pathological responses involved in cancer progression. Various molecular mechanisms, correlating the microbiota disorders and autophagy activation, control the outcomes of protumor or antitumor responses, which depend on the cancer type, tumor microenvironment and disease stage. In this review, we mainly emphasize the leading role of autophagy during the interaction between pathogenic microorganisms and human cancers and investigate the various molecular mechanisms by which autophagy modulates such complicated biological processes. Moreover, we also highlight the possibility of curing cancers with multiple molecular agents targeting the microbiota/autophagy axis. Finally, we summarize the emerging clinical trials investigating the therapeutic potential of targeting either autophagy or microbiota as anticancer strategies, although the crosstalk between them has not been explored thoroughly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Wang
- Department of Maxillofacial and Otorhinolaryngological Oncology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, 300060 China
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin Cancer Institute, Tianjin, 300060 China
- National Clinical Research Center of Cancer, Tianjin, 300060 China
| | - Jiang Du
- Department of Maxillofacial and Otorhinolaryngological Oncology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, 300060 China
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin Cancer Institute, Tianjin, 300060 China
- National Clinical Research Center of Cancer, Tianjin, 300060 China
| | - Xuemei Wu
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Gastroenterology and Hepatology Institute, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300052 China
- Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Disease, Tianjin Medical University, Ministry of Education, Tianjin, 300070 China
| | - Ahmed Abdelrehem
- Department of Craniomaxillofacial and Plastic Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Yu Ren
- Tianjin Research Center of Basic Medical Science, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070 China
| | - Chao Liu
- Department of Maxillofacial and Otorhinolaryngological Oncology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, 300060 China
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin Cancer Institute, Tianjin, 300060 China
- National Clinical Research Center of Cancer, Tianjin, 300060 China
| | - Xuan Zhou
- Department of Maxillofacial and Otorhinolaryngological Oncology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, 300060 China
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin Cancer Institute, Tianjin, 300060 China
- National Clinical Research Center of Cancer, Tianjin, 300060 China
| | - Sinan Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Gastroenterology and Hepatology Institute, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300052 China
- Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Disease, Tianjin Medical University, Ministry of Education, Tianjin, 300070 China
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