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Tan D, Huang Z, Zhao Z, Chen X, Liu J, Wang D, Deng Z, Li W. Single‑cell sequencing, genetics, and epigenetics reveal mesenchymal stem cell senescence in osteoarthritis (Review). Int J Mol Med 2024; 53:2. [PMID: 37937669 PMCID: PMC10688769 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2023.5326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 11/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a chronic joint disease characterized by articular cartilage degeneration, secondary bone hyperplasia, inadequate extracellular matrix synthesis and degeneration of articular cartilage. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) can self‑renew and undergo multidirectional differentiation; they can differentiate into chondrocytes. Aging MSCs have a weakened ability to differentiate, and release various pro‑inflammatory cytokines, which may contribute to OA progression; the other mechanism contributing to OA is epigenetic regulation (for instance, DNA methylation, histone modification and regulation of non‑coding RNA). Owing to the self‑renewal and differentiation ability of MSCs, various MSC‑based exogenous cell therapies have been developed to treat OA. The efficacy of MSC‑based therapy is mainly attributed to cytokines, growth factors and the paracrine effect of exosomes. Recently, extensive studies have been conducted on MSC‑derived exosomes. Exosomes from MSCs can deliver a variety of DNA, RNA, proteins and lipids, thereby facilitating MSC migration and cartilage repair. Therefore, MSC‑derived exosomes are considered a promising therapy for OA. The present review summarized the association between MSC aging and OA in terms of genetics and epigenetics, and characteristics of MSC‑derived exosomes, and the mechanism to alleviate OA cartilage damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dunyong Tan
- Hand and Foot Surgery Department, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital (The First Hospital Affiliated to Shenzhen University), Shenzhen, Guangdong 518000, P.R. China
| | - Zeqi Huang
- Hand and Foot Surgery Department, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital (The First Hospital Affiliated to Shenzhen University), Shenzhen, Guangdong 518000, P.R. China
| | - Zhe Zhao
- Hand and Foot Surgery Department, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital (The First Hospital Affiliated to Shenzhen University), Shenzhen, Guangdong 518000, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoqiang Chen
- Hand and Foot Surgery Department, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital (The First Hospital Affiliated to Shenzhen University), Shenzhen, Guangdong 518000, P.R. China
| | - Jianquan Liu
- Hand and Foot Surgery Department, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital (The First Hospital Affiliated to Shenzhen University), Shenzhen, Guangdong 518000, P.R. China
| | - Daping Wang
- Hand and Foot Surgery Department, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital (The First Hospital Affiliated to Shenzhen University), Shenzhen, Guangdong 518000, P.R. China
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, P.R. China
| | - Zhiqin Deng
- Hand and Foot Surgery Department, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital (The First Hospital Affiliated to Shenzhen University), Shenzhen, Guangdong 518000, P.R. China
| | - Wencui Li
- Hand and Foot Surgery Department, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital (The First Hospital Affiliated to Shenzhen University), Shenzhen, Guangdong 518000, P.R. China
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Zhang XA, Kong H. Mechanism of HIFs in osteoarthritis. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1168799. [PMID: 37020556 PMCID: PMC10067622 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1168799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2023] [Accepted: 03/09/2023] [Indexed: 04/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a common disabling disease which has a high incidence rate in the elderly. Studies have found that many factors are involved in the pathogenesis of OA. Hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs) are core regulators that induce hypoxia genes, repair the cellular oxygen environment, and play an important role in the treatment of OA. For example, HIF-1α can maintain the stability of the articular cartilage matrix, HIF-2α is able to cause chondrocyte apoptosis and intensify in-flammatory response, and HIF-3α may be the target gene of HIF-1α and HIF-2α, thereby playing a negative regulatory role. This review examines the mechanism of HIFs in cartilage extracellular matrix degradation, apoptosis, inflammatory reaction, autophagy and then further expounds on the roles of HIFs in OA, consequently providing theoretical support for the pathogenesis of OA and a new target for OA treatment.
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Huang W, Wu X, Xiang S, Qiao M, Li H, Zhu Y, Zhu Z, Zhao Z. Regulatory of miRNAs in tri-lineage differentiation of C3H10T1/2. Stem Cell Res Ther 2022; 13:521. [PMID: 36414991 PMCID: PMC9682817 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-022-03205-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2022] [Accepted: 10/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are non-coding single-stranded RNA molecules encoded by endogenous genes, which play a vital role in cell generation, metabolism, apoptosis and stem cell differentiation. C3H10T1/2, a mesenchymal cell extracted from mouse embryos, is capable of osteogenic differentiation, adipogenic differentiation and chondrogenic differentiation. Extensive studies have shown that not only miRNAs can directly trigger targeted genes to regulate the tri-lineage differentiation of C3H10T1/2, but it also can indirectly regulate the differentiation by triggering different signaling pathways or various downstream molecules. This paper aims to clarify the regulatory roles of different miRNAs on C3H10T1/2 differentiation, and discussing their balance effect among osteogenic differentiation, adipogenic differentiation and chondrogenic differentiation of C3H10T1/2. We also review the biogenesis of miRNAs, Wnt signaling pathways, MAPK signaling pathways and BMP signaling pathways and provide some specific examples of how these signaling pathways act on C3H10T1/2 tri-lineage differentiation. On this basis, we hope that a deeper understanding of the differentiation and regulation mechanism of miRNAs in C3H10T1/2 can provide a promising therapeutic method for the clinical treatment of bone defects, osteoporosis, osteoarthritis and other diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoyue Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuaixi Xiang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Mingxin Qiao
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Hanfei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Yujie Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhou Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, People's Republic of China.
| | - Zhihe Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, People's Republic of China.
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Liu J, Tang G, Liu W, Zhou Y, Fan C, Zhang W. MiR-20a-5p facilitates cartilage repair in osteoarthritis via suppressing mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase 2. Bioengineered 2022; 13:13801-13814. [PMID: 35707845 PMCID: PMC9276018 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2022.2084270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell (BMSC) chondrogenic differentiation contributes to the treatment of osteoarthritis (OA). Numerous studies have indicated that microRNAs (miRNAs) regulate the pathogenesis and development of multiple disorders, including OA. Nevertheless, the role of miR-20a-5p in OA remains obscure. Forty male C57BL/6 mice were divided into four groups and were surgically induced OA or underwent sham surgery in the presence or absence of miR-20a-5p. Flow cytometry was implemented to detect surface markers of BMSCs. Reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction revealed the upregulation of miR-20a-5p during BMSC chondrogenic differentiation. Western blotting displayed that miR-20a-5p inhibition decreased protein levels of cartilage matrix markers but enhanced those of catabolic and hypertrophic chondrocyte markers in BMSCs. Alcian blue staining, hematoxylin‑eosin staining and micro-CT revealed that miR-20a-5p inhibition restrained chondrogenic differentiation and miR-20a-5p overexpression promoted the repair of damaged cartilage and subchondral bone, respectively. Luciferase reporter assay identified that mitogen activated protein kinase kinase kinase 2 (Map3k2) was a target of miR-20a-5p in BMSCs. Moreover, the expression of miR-20a-5p and Map3k2 was negatively correlated in murine cartilage tissues. Knocking down Map3k2 could rescue the suppressive influence of miR-20a-5p inhibition on chondrogenic differentiation of BMSCs. In conclusion, miR-20a-5p facilitates BMSC chondrogenic differentiation and contributes to cartilage repair in OA by suppressing Map3k2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiazhi Liu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Guo Tang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Songjiang District Central Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenjun Liu
- Department of Orthopaedics, South Hospital of Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Yi Zhou
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Cunyi Fan
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
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Deng J, Zong Z, Su Z, Chen H, Huang J, Niu Y, Zhong H, Wei B. Recent Advances in Pharmacological Intervention of Osteoarthritis: A Biological Aspect. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:772678. [PMID: 34887766 PMCID: PMC8649959 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.772678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2021] [Accepted: 10/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a degenerative joint disease in the musculoskeletal system with a relatively high incidence and disability rate in the elderly. It is characterized by the degradation of articular cartilage, inflammation of the synovial membrane, and abnormal structure in the periarticular and subchondral bones. Although progress has been made in uncovering the molecular mechanism, the etiology of OA is still complicated and unclear. Nevertheless, there is no treatment method that can effectively prevent or reverse the deterioration of cartilage and bone structure. In recent years, in the field of pharmacology, research focus has shifted to disease prevention and early treatment rather than disease modification in OA. Biologic agents become more and more attractive as their direct or indirect intervention effects on the initiation or development of OA. In this review, we will discuss a wide spectrum of biologic agents ranging from DNA, noncoding RNA, exosome, platelet-rich plasma (PRP), to protein. We searched for key words such as OA, DNA, gene, RNA, exosome, PRP, protein, and so on. From the pharmacological aspect, stem cell therapy is a very special technique, which is not included in this review. The literatures ranging from January 2016 to August 2021 were included and summarized. In this review, we aim to help readers have a complete and precise understanding of the current pharmacological research progress in the intervention of OA from the biological aspect and provide an indication for the future translational studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinxia Deng
- Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Zhixian Zong
- Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Zhanpeng Su
- Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Haicong Chen
- Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Jianping Huang
- College of Dentistry, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea.,Department of Stomatology, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Yanru Niu
- Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Huan Zhong
- Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Bo Wei
- Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
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