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Okhue E, Kadiri HE, Ichipi-Ifukor PC, Ben-Azu B, Asagba SO, Achuba FI, Oyem JC. Prenatal double-hit with aluminium and cadmium mediate testicular atrophy and hypothalamic hypoplasia: the role of oxido-nitrergic stress and endocrine perturbations. Biometals 2024; 37:477-494. [PMID: 38190032 DOI: 10.1007/s10534-023-00563-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024]
Abstract
There is limited experimental evidence on the biochemical consequences of aluminium (Al) and cadmium (Cd) co-exposures during pregnancy and postnatal life.This study investigated the impacts of perinatal Al chloride (AlCl3) and Cd chloride (CdCl2) co-exposures on neuroendocrine functions in mice offspring during postnatal life. The study comprised of four pregnant experimental groups. Group 1 received AlCl3 (10 mg/kg), group 2 were administered CdCl2 (1.5 mg/kg), while group 3 received both AlCl3 (10 mg/kg) and CdCl2 (1.5 mg/kg) (AlCl3+CdCl2), and group 4 received saline (10 mL/kg) only and served as control group. All experimental animals were chemically exposed once daily from gestation days 7-20. Upon delivery, male pups were regrouped based on maternal chemical exposure on postnatal day 21 (PND 21) and allowed to grow to adulthood until PND 78, after which they were sacrificed for assessment of neuroendocrine markers and histological investigations. There was no statistical significance (p > 0.05) on follicle stimulating hormone, testosterone, estrogen and progesterone, thyroid stimulating hormone, thyroxine (T4) in all treatment groups relative to controls|. However, AlCl3 and AlCl3-CdCl2 significantly (p < 0.05) reduced triiodothyronine (T3) levels, with a profound increase in T3:T4 ratio by AlCl3, and AlCl3+CdCl2 compared to control. Furthermore, pups from pregnant mice treated with CdCl2 and AlCl3+CdCl2 demonstrated increased testicular malondialdehyde concentration with increased catalase activity relative to controls, suggesting oxidative imbalance. In addition, AlCl3, CdCl2, and AlCl3+CdCl2 exposures induced testicular and hypothalamic architectural disruption compared to controls, with marked architectural derangement in the AlCl3+CdCl2 group. Our findings suggest that prenatal co-exposures to Alcl3 and CdCl2 induce testicular and hypothalamic alterations in offspring via a testicular oxidative stress and thyrotoxicosis-dependent mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emmanuel Okhue
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Delta State University, Abraka, Nigeria
| | - Helen Ejiro Kadiri
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Delta State University, Abraka, Nigeria
| | | | - Benneth Ben-Azu
- DELSU Joint Canada-Israel Neuroscience and Biopsychiatry Laboratory, Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Delta State University, Abraka, Nigeria
| | | | | | - John Chukwuma Oyem
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Novena University, Ogume, Nigeria
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Wang Z, Wu P, Yang J, Jiang Y, Wang J, Lin C. Serum FT3/FT4, but not TSH is associated with handgrip strength in euthyroid U.S. population: evidence from NHANES. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2024; 15:1323026. [PMID: 38501102 PMCID: PMC10947195 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2024.1323026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 03/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective Although several studies have examined the relationship between thyroid function and muscle strength, their population primarily derived from Asian areas, and their results were controversial. Thus, this study aimed to explore the association between thyroid function and handgrip strength (HGS) in the U.S. population. Methods A total of 1,067 participants from NHANES were categorized into three different age groups including young (<45 years), middle (45~64 years), and old (≥65 years) age groups. Thyroid function was measured by the competitive binding immune-enzymatic assays, while HGS was examined by a trained evaluator using a dynamometer. The weighted multiple linear regression models were used to examine the association between thyroid function and handgrip strength. The restricted cubic splines were employed to explore the non-linear relationship between these two variables. All statistical analyses were performed using the SPSS version 20.0 and R software. Results After adjustment for potential covariates, FT3/FT4, but not TSH was positively associated with HGS in middle age group (β=0.091, t=2.428, P=0.016). The subgroup analysis by sex revealed that the positive association between FT3/FT4 and HGS was observed in the middle age group for both male and female participants (β=0.163, t=2.121, P=0.035; β=0.157, t=2.180, P=0.031). The RCS analysis showed a statistically significant non-linear association between FT3/FT4 and HGS in overall population (P for non-linear=0.026). After adjustment for covariates, men with low HGS had a significant lower FT3/FT4 than those without low HGS in old age group (P=0.013). There was a significant increase in TSH level for female participants with low HGS in old age group compared to those with normal HGS (P=0.048). Conclusions This study demonstrated FT3/FT4, but not TSH, was positively associated with HGS in middle age group, and the different association was observed in men in middle age group when participants were stratified by sex. Future longitudinal cohort study should be conducted to reveal the causal relationship between thyroid function and muscle strength.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Cheng Lin
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, School of Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
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Hata S, Okada H, Minamida M, Hironaka J, Hasegawa Y, Kondo Y, Nakajima H, Kitagawa N, Okamura T, Hashimoto Y, Osaka T, Kitagawa N, Majima S, Senmaru T, Ushigome E, Nakanishi N, Asano M, Hamaguchi M, Fukui M. Associations between thyroid hormones and appendicular skeletal muscle index, and hand grip strength in people with diabetes: The KAMOGAWA-A study. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 2024; 209:111573. [PMID: 38346590 DOI: 10.1016/j.diabres.2024.111573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2023] [Revised: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Abstract
AIM To assess the effects of thyroid hormones on appendicular skeletal muscle index (SMI) and hand grip strength (HGS) in people with diabetes. METHODS This cross-sectional cohort included 1,135 participants with diabetes admitted to 3 hospitals in Japan. Multiple regression analysis was performed to determine the associations among thyroid hormone levels, SMI, and HGS. RESULTS Of the 1,135 participants, 480 were female. Their median (interquartile range) age, body mass index, durations of diabetes, and glycated haemoglobin levels were 68 years, 24.3 kg/m2, 10 years, and 7.6 %, respectively. The median (interquartile range) SMI (kg/m2) and hand grip strength of the cohort were 7.1 kg/m2 and 28.2 kg, respectively. Positive correlations between FT3 and the FT3/FT4 ratio with SMI and HGS was observed after adjusting for covariates in males. A negative correlation was found between the FT3/FT4 ratio and sarcopenia as a result of low SMI and low HGS in the male participants but not in females (p for interaction = 0.02). CONCLUSIONS FT3/FT4 ratios may impact skeletal muscles in people with diabetes-particularly in males. Assessments of FT3/FT4 ratios may represent key indicators of muscle mass and strength in males.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shinnosuke Hata
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto, Japan; Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Kyoto First Red Cross Hospital, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Okada
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto, Japan; Department of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Matsushita Memorial Hospital, Moriguchi, Japan.
| | - Megumi Minamida
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Junya Hironaka
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yuka Hasegawa
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yuriko Kondo
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Hanako Nakajima
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Nobuko Kitagawa
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Takuro Okamura
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yoshitaka Hashimoto
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto, Japan; Department of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Matsushita Memorial Hospital, Moriguchi, Japan
| | - Takafumi Osaka
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto, Japan; Department of Diabetology, Kameoka Municipal Hospital, Kameoka, Japan
| | - Noriyuki Kitagawa
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Ayabe City Hospital, Ayabe, Japan
| | - Saori Majima
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Takafumi Senmaru
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Emi Ushigome
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Naoko Nakanishi
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Mai Asano
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto, Japan; Division of Metabolism and Rheumatology, Japanese Red Cross Kyoto Daini Hospital, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Masahide Hamaguchi
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto, Japan; Department of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Ayabe City Hospital, Ayabe, Japan
| | - Michiaki Fukui
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto, Japan
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Zhang X, Si G, Lu H, Zhang W, Zheng S, Huang Z, Liu L, Xue Y, Zheng G. SARS-CoV-2 omicron variant clearance delayed in breakthrough cases with elevated fasting blood glucose. Virol J 2022; 19:148. [PMID: 36100916 PMCID: PMC9468532 DOI: 10.1186/s12985-022-01877-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2022] [Accepted: 08/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Omicron variant (B.1.1.529) is a dominant variant worldwide. However, the risk factors for Omicron variant clearance are yet unknown. The present study aimed to investigate the risk factors for early viral clearance of Omicron variant in patients with a history of inactivated vaccine injection. Methods Demographic, clinical, and epidemiological data from 187 patients were collected retrospectively during the Omicron variant wave. Results 73/187 and 114/187 patients were administered two and three doses of vaccine, respectively. The median duration of SARS-CoV-2 RNA positivity was 9 days, and the difference between patients with two and three vaccine injections was insignificant (P = 0.722). Fever was the most common symptom (125/187), and most patients (98.4%) had a fever for < 7 days. The RNA was undetectable in 65/187 patients on day 7. Univariable logistic analysis showed that baseline glucose, uric acid, lymphocytes count, platelet count, and CD4+ T lymphocyte count were associated with SARS-CoV-2 RNA-positivity on day 7. Multivariable analysis showed that glucose ≥ 6.1 mmol/L and CD4+T lymphocytes count were independent risk factors for RNA positivity on day 7. 163/187 patients had an undetectable RNA test on day 14, and uric acid was the only independent risk factor for RNA positivity. Moreover, baseline glucose was negatively correlated with uric acid and CD4+ and CD8+ T cell count, while uric acid was positively correlated with CD4+ and CD8+ T cell count. Conclusions Omicron variant clearance was delayed in breakthrough cases with elevated fasting blood glucose, irrespective of the doses of inactivated vaccine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiujun Zhang
- Institute of Hepatology, The Third People's Hospital of Changzhou, No. 300 Lanling North Road, Changzhou, 213000, Jiangsu, China.,Department of Infectious Diseases, The Third People's Hospital of Changzhou, Changzhou, China
| | - Guocan Si
- Institute of Hepatology, The Third People's Hospital of Changzhou, No. 300 Lanling North Road, Changzhou, 213000, Jiangsu, China.,Department of Infectious Diseases, The Third People's Hospital of Changzhou, Changzhou, China
| | - Huifen Lu
- Institute of Hepatology, The Third People's Hospital of Changzhou, No. 300 Lanling North Road, Changzhou, 213000, Jiangsu, China.,Department of Infectious Diseases, The Third People's Hospital of Changzhou, Changzhou, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Institute of Hepatology, The Third People's Hospital of Changzhou, No. 300 Lanling North Road, Changzhou, 213000, Jiangsu, China.,Department of Infectious Diseases, The Third People's Hospital of Changzhou, Changzhou, China
| | - Shuqin Zheng
- Institute of Hepatology, The Third People's Hospital of Changzhou, No. 300 Lanling North Road, Changzhou, 213000, Jiangsu, China.,Department of Infectious Diseases, The Third People's Hospital of Changzhou, Changzhou, China
| | - Zeyu Huang
- Institute of Hepatology, The Third People's Hospital of Changzhou, No. 300 Lanling North Road, Changzhou, 213000, Jiangsu, China
| | - Longgen Liu
- Institute of Hepatology, The Third People's Hospital of Changzhou, No. 300 Lanling North Road, Changzhou, 213000, Jiangsu, China.,Department of Infectious Diseases, The Third People's Hospital of Changzhou, Changzhou, China
| | - Yuan Xue
- Institute of Hepatology, The Third People's Hospital of Changzhou, No. 300 Lanling North Road, Changzhou, 213000, Jiangsu, China. .,Department of Infectious Diseases, The Third People's Hospital of Changzhou, Changzhou, China.
| | - Guojun Zheng
- Institute of Hepatology, The Third People's Hospital of Changzhou, No. 300 Lanling North Road, Changzhou, 213000, Jiangsu, China. .,Clinical Laboratory, The Third People's Hospital of Changzhou, Changzhou, China.
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