食管鳞癌中RECK和MMP-9蛋白表达的相关性及临床病理意义

Expression of RNF180 and RECK in gastric carcinoma

AIM: To detect the expression of ring finger protein 180 (RNF180) and reversion-inducing-cysteine-rich protein with Kazal motifs (RECK) in gastric carcinoma.

METHODS: Western blot and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) were used to detect the expression of RECK and RNF180 in gastric cancer, pericarcinomatous tissue and normal gastric mucosal tissue.

RESULTS: The positive rates of RNF180 expression in gastric cancer and pericarcinomatous tissue were significantly lower than that in normal gastric mucosal tissue (68.7%, 28.4% vs 6.1%, P < 0.05). RECK expression was significantly lower in gastric carcinoma and pericarcinomatous tissue than in normal gastric mucosal tissue (71.4%, 31.6% vs 5.3%, P < 0.05).

CONCLUSION: RNF180 and RECK expression in gastric cancer is significantly reduced, suggesting that they may play an important role in the development of gastric cancer.

Clinical pathological significance of expression of TWEAK and its receptor Fn14 in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma

AIM: To explore the role of TWEAK and its receptor Fn14 in the development, progression, invasion and metastasis of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC).

METHODS: Immunohistochemistry was used to detect the expression of TWEAK and Fn14 in 45 cases of ESCC specimens, 22 cases of adjacent atypical hyperplasia epithelial specimens and 22 cases of normal esophageal epithelial specimens.

RESULTS: The expression of TWEAK protein was closely correlated with tumor infiltration, lymphatic metastasis and TNM grade in ESCC (χ² = 6.455, 11.645 and 4.185, all P < 0.05). The positive rate of TWEAK protein expression in normal esophageal epithelium, adjacent atypical hyperplasia epithelium and ESCC were 27.3% (6/22), 40.9% (9/22) and 64.4% (29/45), respectively, showing a significant upward trend (χ² = 9.018, P < 0. 05). The expression of Fn14 protein was closely correlated with the tumor grade, infiltration, lymphatic metastasis and TNM grade in ESCC (χ² = 10.873, 12.513, 9.244 and 13.137, all P < 0. 05). The positive rate of Fn14 protein expression in normal esophageal epithelium, adjacent atypical hyperplasia epithelium and ESCC were 22.7% (5/22), 59.1% (13/22) and 62.2%(28/45), also showing a significant upward trend ( χ² = 9.872, P < 0.05). There was a positive correlation between the expression of TWEAK and Fn14 in ESCC ( γ_p = 0.091, P < 0.05).

CONCLUSION: TWEAK and Fn14 play an important role in the development, infiltration, and metastasis of ESCC.

Clinical significance of expression of mTOR and p-p70S6K in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma

AIM: To explore the relationship of expression of mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) and its downstream effector ribosomal S6 kinase (p70S6K) with the development, progression, invasion and metastasis of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC).

METHODS: Immunohistochemistry was used to detect the protein expression of mTOR and phosphorylated p70S6K (p-p70S6K) in 35 ESCC specimens, 15 tumor-adjacent atypical hyperplastic epithelial specimens, and 15 normal esophageal epithelial specimens.

RESULTS: The expression of mTOR protein was closely correlated with tumor TNM grade in ESCC (χ² = 9.121, P < 0.01). The positive rates of mTOR protein expression in normal esophageal epithelium, tumor-adjacent atypical hyperplastic epithelium and carcinoma were 20% (3/15), 46.7% (7/15) and 62.9% (22/35), respectively, with a significant difference among the three groups (χ² = 7.767, P < 0.05). The expression levels of p-p70S6K protein were closely correlated with lymph node metastasis and TNM grade in ESCC (χ² = 5.846, 4.523, both P < 0.05). The positive rates of p-p70S6K protein expression in normal esophageal epithelium, tumor-adjacent atypical hyperplastic epithelium and carcinoma were 33.3% (5/15), 73.3% (11/15) and 74.3% (26/35), respectively, with a significant difference among the three groups (χ² = 8.350, P < 0.05). There is a positive correlation between the protein expression levels of mTOR and p-p70S6K (γ_p = 0.346, P = 0.006).

CONCLUSION: High expression of mTOR and p-p70S6K was detected in ESCC. mTOR and p-p70S6K play an important role in the carcinogenesis, invasion and metastasis of ESCC. The expression of mTOR and p-p70S6K may be used as molecular parameters for early diagnosis and prognostic evaluation of ESCC.

Clinical and pathological significance of MIC-1 and uPA expression in gastric carcinoma

AIM: To investigate the expression of macrophage inhibitory cytokine-1 (MIC-1) and urokinase plasminogen activator (uPA) in gastric carcinoma and to analyze their clinical and pathological significance.

METHODS: Fifty-five gastric carcinoma tissue samples obtained from patients treated from Jan 2009 to May 2010 at the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University were used to detect MIC-1 and uPA protein expression by immunohistochemistry. Twenty normal gastric epithelial tissue samples were used as controls. Correlation between MIC-1 and uPA expression and clinical and pathological parameters of gastric carcinoma was then analyzed.

RESULTS: The positive rate of MIC-1 expression in gastric carcinoma was significantly higher than that in normal gastric epithelial tissue (56.4% vs 20.0%, χ² = 7.792, P < 0.05). The expression of MIC-1 protein was closely correlated with tumor grade, infiltration and lymph node metastasis in gastric carcinoma (χ² = 6.781, 11.071, 12.806, all P < 0.05). The positive rate of uPA expression in gastric carcinoma was also significantly higher than that in normal gastric epithelial tissue (61.8% vs 25.0%, χ² = 7.965, P < 0.05). The expression of uPA protein was also closely correlated with tumor grade, infiltration and lymph node metastasis in gastric carcinoma (χ² = 13.803, 14.561, 10.668, all P < 0.05). There was a positive correlation between the expression of MIC-1 and uPA (γ_p = 0.591, P < 0.05).

CONCLUSION: The expression of MIC-1 and uPA may be associated with gastric carcinogenesis. Detection of MIC-1 and uPA expression can be used for evaluation of the biological behavior of gastric carcinoma.

Clinical pathological significance of HMGA1 and HMGA2 protein expression in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma

AIM: To explore the relationship of the protein expression of high mobility group protein AT-hook 1 (HMGA1) and HMGA2 with the development, progression, invasion and metastasis of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.

METHODS: Sixty-two patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma treated at Anyang Tumor Hospital from February 2006 to March 2006 were included in this study. Immunohistochemistry was used to detect the protein expression of HMGA1 and HMGA2 in 62 esophageal squamous cell carcinoma specimens, 31 tumor adjacent atypical hyperplastic epithelial specimens, and 62 normal esophageal epithelial specimens.

RESULTS: The expression of HMGA1 protein was closely correlated with tumor grade, infiltration, lymphatic metastasis and TNM grade in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (χ² = 6.649, 6.175, 5.921 and 11.341, respectively; all P < 0.05). The positive rates of HMGA1 protein expression in normal esophageal epithelium, tumor-adjacent atypical hyperplastic epithelium and carcinoma were 8.1% (5/62), 58.1% (18/31) and 69.4% (43/62), respectively, with a significant difference among the three groups (χ² = 51.429, P < 0.01). The expression of HMGA2 protein was closely correlated with lymphatic metastasis and TNM grade in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (χ² = 8.276 and 17.851, respectively; both P < 0.05). The positive rates of HMGA2 protein expression in normal esophageal epithelium, tumor-adjacent atypical hyperplastic epithelium and carcinoma were 71.0% (44/62), 48.4% (15/31) and 4.8% (3/62), respectively, with a significant difference among the three groups (χ² = 57.621, P < 0.01). There is a positive correlation between the protein expression of HMGA1 and HMGA2 (γ_p = 0.346, P = 0.006).

CONCLUSION: HMGA1 and HMGA2 play an important role in the carcinogenesis, infiltration and metastasis of esophageal carcinoma. Combined detection of HMGA1 and HMGA2 expression may be used as a molecular parameter for early diagnosis and prognostic evaluation of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.

Clinical pathological significance of MIC-1 and uPA expression in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma

AIM: To explore the relationship of the protein expression of macrophage inhibitory cytokine-1 (MIC-1) and urokinase plasminogen activator (uPA) with the development, progression, invasion and metastasis of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC).

METHODS: The protein expression of MIC-1 and uPA was detected by immunohistochemistry using the streptavidin-peroxidase method in 45 ESCC specimens, 22 tumor-adjacent atypical hyperplastic epithelial specimens and 45 normal esophageal epithelial specimens.

RESULTS: The expression of MIC-1 protein was closely correlated with tumor grade, infiltration, TNM grade and lymphatic metastasis in ESCC (all P < 0.05). The expression of uPA protein was closely correlated with tumor TNM grade and lymphatic metastasis in ESCC (both P < 0.05). The positive rates of MIC-1 expression in ESCC, tumor-adjacent atypical hyperplastic epithelium and normal esophageal epithelium were 64.4% (29/45), 40.9% (9/22) and 13.3% (6/45), respectively, with a significant difference among the three groups (χ² = 24.673, P < 0.01). The positive rates of UPA protein expression in ESCC, tumor-adjacent atypical hyperplastic epithelium and normal esophageal epithelium were 68.9% (31/45), 27.3% (6/22) and 24.4% (11/45), respectively, with a significant difference among the three groups (P < 0.01). There is a positive correlation between the protein expression of MIC-1 and uPA (γ_p = 0.403, P < 0.01).

CONCLUSION: MIC-1 and uPA play important roles in the carcinogenesis, infiltration and metastasis of ESCC. Combined detection of MIC-1 and uPA expression may be a promising molecular parameter for early diagnosis and prognostic evaluation of ESCC.

Clinical significance of TKTL1 expression in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma

AIM: To investigate the expression of transketolase like-1 (TKTL1) protein and mRNA and to analyze its clinical significance in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC).

METHODS: The expression of TKTL1 protein and mRNA was detected by immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization in 62 ESCC specimens, 31 tumor-adjacent atypical hyperplastic epithelial specimens, and 62 normal esophageal mucosal specimens, respectively.

RESULTS: The positive rates of TKTL1 protein expression in normal esophageal epithelium, tumor-adjacent atypical hyperplastic epithelium and ESCC were 17.7% (11/62), 29.0% (9/31) and 53.2% (33/62), respectively, with significant differences among the three groups (all P < 0.05). TKTL1 protein expression was closely correlated with infiltrative depth, lymphatic metastasis and TNM grade in ESCC (all P < 0.05). The positive rates of TKTL1 mRNA expression in normal esophageal epithelium, tumor-adjacent atypical hyperplastic epithelium and ESCC were 4.8% (3/62), 22.6% (7/31) and 43.5% (27/62), respectively, with significant difference among the three groups (all P < 0.05). TKTL1 mRNA expression was closely associated with infiltrative depth, lymphatic metastasis and TNM grade in ESCC (all P < 0.05). There is a positive correlation between TKTL1 mRNA and protein expression (γ_p = 0.302, P < 0.01).

CONCLUSION: TKTL1 expression may be associated with the development, invasion and metastasis of ESSC.

Clinical significance of hypoxia-inducible factor-2α expression in gastric carcinoma

AIM: To investigate the clinical significance of hypoxia-inducible factor-2α (HIF-2α) expression in gastric carcinoma.

METHODS: Immunohistochemistry and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) were used to detect HIF-2α protein and mRNA expression in 36 gastric carcinoma specimens and 36 normal gastric epithelial specimens. The relationship between HIF-2α expression and clinicopathologic parameters of gastric carcinoma was analyzed.

RESULTS: The positive rate of HIF-2α expression in gastric carcinoma was significantly higher than that in normal gastric epithelium (83.3% vs 8.30%, P < 0.05). The positive rate of HIF-2α expression in gastric carcinoma was correlated with tumor differentiation and lymph node metastasis (both P < 0.05). The positive rate and relative level of HIF-2α mRNA expression in gastric carcinoma were significantly higher than those in normal gastric epithelium (77.8% vs 5.6%, 0.755 ± 0.238 vs 0.581 ± 0.147, both P < 0.05). High expression of HIF-2α mRNA in gastric carcinoma was correlated with tumor differentiation and lymph node metastasis (both P < 0.05).

CONCLUSION: HIF-2α expression may be associated with the genesis and development of gastric carcinoma and can be used for judging tumor biological behavior.