1
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Evenden P, Vandoolaeghe Q, Lecluse Y, Gac AC, Delépée R, Weiswald LB, Boutet-Robinet E, Boulanger M, Bonassi S, Lebailly P, Meryet-Figuière M. Agricultural exposures and DNA damage in PBMC of female farmers measured using the alkaline comet assay. Int Arch Occup Environ Health 2024; 97:353-363. [PMID: 38430240 PMCID: PMC10999382 DOI: 10.1007/s00420-024-02049-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/03/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Several studies investigated the link between agricultural occupational exposures and DNA damage, in an attempt to bring elements of biological plausibility to the increased cancer risk associated with them. However, only a few of these studies focused on females. METHODS The comet assay was performed on PBMC (Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells) samples from 245 females working in open field farming and cattle raising, located in the Normandy area of France. Individual questionnaires on tasks performed were administered at the time of sampling to directly assess exposures. Environmental exposures were issued from a questionnaire assessing the farm productions. Linear regression analyses were done using the DNA damage scores. RESULTS Regarding direct exposures, several tasks associated with exposure to potentially harmful chemicals were not associated with DNA damage, but a longer duration of use of herbicide on meadows (p = 0.05) or of cleaning and upkeep of agricultural equipment (p = 0.06) revealed higher DNA damage levels, although the number of exposed women was low. Several indirect and/or environmental exposures were associated with DNA damage in multivariate analyses: a larger surface of meadows (p = 0.006) or the presence of poultry (p = 0.03) was associated with less DNA damage, while the presence of swine (p = 0.01) was associated with higher DNA damage. Smokers and former smokers had less DNA damage than non-smokers (p = 0.0008 and p = 0.03). CONCLUSIONS We report modified levels of DNA damage for those environmentally exposed to meadows, poultry and pig farming, underlining the need for a better knowledge of the potential health risks experienced by females in this setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Evenden
- Inserm U1086 ANTICIPE (Interdisciplinary Research Unit for Cancer Prevention and Treatment), Normandie Univ, Université de Caen Normandie, Caen, France
- Comprehensive Cancer Center François Baclesse, UNICANCER, Caen, France
| | - Q Vandoolaeghe
- Inserm U1086 ANTICIPE (Interdisciplinary Research Unit for Cancer Prevention and Treatment), Normandie Univ, Université de Caen Normandie, Caen, France
- Comprehensive Cancer Center François Baclesse, UNICANCER, Caen, France
| | - Y Lecluse
- Inserm U1086 ANTICIPE (Interdisciplinary Research Unit for Cancer Prevention and Treatment), Normandie Univ, Université de Caen Normandie, Caen, France
- Comprehensive Cancer Center François Baclesse, UNICANCER, Caen, France
| | - A C Gac
- Inserm U1086 ANTICIPE (Interdisciplinary Research Unit for Cancer Prevention and Treatment), Normandie Univ, Université de Caen Normandie, Caen, France
- Comprehensive Cancer Center François Baclesse, UNICANCER, Caen, France
| | - R Delépée
- Inserm U1086 ANTICIPE (Interdisciplinary Research Unit for Cancer Prevention and Treatment), Normandie Univ, Université de Caen Normandie, Caen, France
- Comprehensive Cancer Center François Baclesse, UNICANCER, Caen, France
| | - L B Weiswald
- Inserm U1086 ANTICIPE (Interdisciplinary Research Unit for Cancer Prevention and Treatment), Normandie Univ, Université de Caen Normandie, Caen, France
- Comprehensive Cancer Center François Baclesse, UNICANCER, Caen, France
| | - E Boutet-Robinet
- Toxalim (Research Centre in Food Toxicology), INRAE, ENVT, INP-Purpan, UPS, Université de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - M Boulanger
- Inserm U1086 ANTICIPE (Interdisciplinary Research Unit for Cancer Prevention and Treatment), Normandie Univ, Université de Caen Normandie, Caen, France
- Comprehensive Cancer Center François Baclesse, UNICANCER, Caen, France
| | - S Bonassi
- Department of Human Sciences and Quality of Life Promotion, San Raffaele University, Rome, Italy
- Unit of Clinical and Molecular Epidemiology, IRCCS San Raffaele Roma, Rome, Italy
| | - P Lebailly
- Inserm U1086 ANTICIPE (Interdisciplinary Research Unit for Cancer Prevention and Treatment), Normandie Univ, Université de Caen Normandie, Caen, France
- Comprehensive Cancer Center François Baclesse, UNICANCER, Caen, France
| | - M Meryet-Figuière
- Inserm U1086 ANTICIPE (Interdisciplinary Research Unit for Cancer Prevention and Treatment), Normandie Univ, Université de Caen Normandie, Caen, France.
- Comprehensive Cancer Center François Baclesse, UNICANCER, Caen, France.
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2
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Lahimer M, Abou Diwan M, Montjean D, Cabry R, Bach V, Ajina M, Ben Ali H, Benkhalifa M, Khorsi-Cauet H. Endocrine disrupting chemicals and male fertility: from physiological to molecular effects. Front Public Health 2023; 11:1232646. [PMID: 37886048 PMCID: PMC10598475 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1232646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The deleterious effects of chemical or non-chemical endocrine disruptors (EDs) on male fertility potential is well documented but still not fully elucidated. For example, the detection of industrial chemicals' metabolites in seminal plasma and follicular fluid can affect efficiency of the gametogenesis, the maturation and competency of gametes and has guided scientists to hypothesize that endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) may disrupt hormonal homoeostasis by leading to a wide range of hormonal control impairments. The effects of EDCs exposure on reproductive health are highly dependent on factors including the type of EDCs, the duration of exposure, individual susceptibility, and the presence of other co-factors. Research and scientists continue to study these complex interactions. The aim of this review is to summarize the literature to better understand the potential reproductive health risks of EDCs in France.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marwa Lahimer
- ART and Reproductive Biology Laboratory, University Hospital and School of Medicine, CHU Sud, Amiens, France
- PERITOX-(UMR-I 01), UPJV/INERIS, UPJV, CURS, Chemin du Thil, Amiens, France
- Exercise Physiology and Physiopathology: from Integrated to Molecular “Biology, Medicine and Health” (Code: LR19ES09), Sousse, Tunisia
| | - Maria Abou Diwan
- PERITOX-(UMR-I 01), UPJV/INERIS, UPJV, CURS, Chemin du Thil, Amiens, France
| | - Debbie Montjean
- Fertilys, Centres de Fertilité, Laval and Brossard, QC, Canada
| | - Rosalie Cabry
- ART and Reproductive Biology Laboratory, University Hospital and School of Medicine, CHU Sud, Amiens, France
- PERITOX-(UMR-I 01), UPJV/INERIS, UPJV, CURS, Chemin du Thil, Amiens, France
| | - Véronique Bach
- PERITOX-(UMR-I 01), UPJV/INERIS, UPJV, CURS, Chemin du Thil, Amiens, France
| | - Mounir Ajina
- Service of Reproductive Medicine, University Hospital Farhat Hached, Sousse, Tunisia
| | - Habib Ben Ali
- Laboratory Histology Embryology, Faculty of Medicine Sousse, University of Sousse, Sousse, Tunisia
| | - Moncef Benkhalifa
- ART and Reproductive Biology Laboratory, University Hospital and School of Medicine, CHU Sud, Amiens, France
- PERITOX-(UMR-I 01), UPJV/INERIS, UPJV, CURS, Chemin du Thil, Amiens, France
| | - Hafida Khorsi-Cauet
- ART and Reproductive Biology Laboratory, University Hospital and School of Medicine, CHU Sud, Amiens, France
- PERITOX-(UMR-I 01), UPJV/INERIS, UPJV, CURS, Chemin du Thil, Amiens, France
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3
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Salaverria I, Weigert O, Quintanilla-Martinez L. The clinical and molecular taxonomy of t(14;18)-negative follicular lymphomas. Blood Adv 2023; 7:5258-5271. [PMID: 37561599 PMCID: PMC10500559 DOI: 10.1182/bloodadvances.2022009456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Revised: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 08/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Follicular lymphoma (FL) is a neoplasm derived from germinal center B cells, composed of centrocytes and centroblasts, with at least a focal follicular growth pattern. The t(14;18) translocation together with epigenetic deregulation through recurrent genetic alterations are now recognized as the hallmark of FL. Nevertheless, FL is a heterogeneous disease, clinically, morphologically, and biologically. The existence of FL lacking the t(14;18) chromosomal alteration highlights the complex pathogenesis of FL, and indicates that there are alternative pathogenetic mechanisms that can induce a neoplasm with follicular center B-cell phenotype. Based on their clinical presentation, t(14;18)-negative FLs can be divided into 3 broad groups: nodal presentation, extranodal presentation, and those affecting predominantly children and young adults. Recent studies have shed some light into the genetic alterations of t(14;18)-negative FL. Within the group of t(14;18)-negative FL with nodal presentation, cases with STAT6 mutations are increasingly recognized as a distinctive molecular subgroup, often cooccurring with CREBBP and/or TNFRSF14 mutations. FL with BCL6 rearrangement shows clinicopathological similarities to its t(14;18)-positive counterpart. In contrast, t(14;18)-negative FL in extranodal sites is characterized mainly by TNFRSF14 mutations in the absence of chromatin modifying gene mutations. FL in children have a unique molecular landscape when compared with those in adults. Pediatric-type FL (PTFL) is characterized by MAP2K1, TNFRSF14, and/or IRF8 mutations, whereas large B-cell lymphoma with IRF4 rearrangement is now recognized as a distinct entity, different from PTFL. Ultimately, a better understanding of FL biology and heterogeneity should help to understand the clinical differences and help guide patient management and treatment decisions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Itziar Salaverria
- Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer, Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer, Madrid, Spain
| | - Oliver Weigert
- Laboratory for Experimental Leukemia and Lymphoma Research, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Hospital, Munich, Germany
- Department of Medicine III, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Hospital, Munich, Germany
| | - Leticia Quintanilla-Martinez
- Institute of Pathology and Neuropathology and Comprehensive Cancer Center Tübingen, University Hospital Tübingen, Eberhard-Karls University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
- Cluster of Excellence iFIT “Image-guided and functionally Instructed Tumor therapies,” Eberhard-Karls University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
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4
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Lucchesi CA, Vasilatis DM, Mantrala S, Chandrasekar T, Mudryj M, Ghosh PM. Pesticides and Bladder Cancer: Mechanisms Leading to Anti-Cancer Drug Chemoresistance and New Chemosensitization Strategies. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:11395. [PMID: 37511154 PMCID: PMC10380322 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241411395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Revised: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Multiple risk factors have been associated with bladder cancer. This review focuses on pesticide exposure, as it is not currently known whether agricultural products have a direct or indirect effect on bladder cancer, despite recent reports demonstrating a strong correlation. While it is known that pesticide exposure is associated with an increased risk of bladder cancer in humans and dogs, the mechanism(s) by which specific pesticides cause bladder cancer initiation or progression is unknown. In this narrative review, we discuss what is currently known about pesticide exposure and the link to bladder cancer. This review highlights multiple pathways modulated by pesticide exposure with direct links to bladder cancer oncogenesis/metastasis (MMP-2, TGF-β, STAT3) and chemoresistance (drug efflux, DNA repair, and apoptosis resistance) and potential therapeutic tactics to counter these pesticide-induced affects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher A. Lucchesi
- VA Northern California Health Care System, Mather, CA 95655, USA; (D.M.V.); (M.M.)
- Department of Surgical & Radiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Demitria M. Vasilatis
- VA Northern California Health Care System, Mather, CA 95655, USA; (D.M.V.); (M.M.)
- Department of Urological Surgery, School of Medicine, University of California Davis, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA
| | - Saisamkalpa Mantrala
- VA Northern California Health Care System, Mather, CA 95655, USA; (D.M.V.); (M.M.)
| | - Thenappan Chandrasekar
- Department of Urological Surgery, School of Medicine, University of California Davis, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA
| | - Maria Mudryj
- VA Northern California Health Care System, Mather, CA 95655, USA; (D.M.V.); (M.M.)
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of California Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Paramita M. Ghosh
- VA Northern California Health Care System, Mather, CA 95655, USA; (D.M.V.); (M.M.)
- Department of Urological Surgery, School of Medicine, University of California Davis, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California Davis, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA
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5
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Hryhorczuk D, Dardynskaia I, Hirt C, Dardynskiy O, Turner W, Ruestow P, Bartell S, Steenland K, Zvinchuk O, Baccarelli AA. t(14;18) Translocations in Dioxin-Exposed Workers. J Occup Environ Med 2022; 64:331-339. [PMID: 34740219 DOI: 10.1097/jom.0000000000002427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine if occupational exposure to dioxins is associated with an increased frequency of t(14;18) translocations. METHODS A cross-sectional analysis of serum dioxin levels and t(14;18) frequencies in peripheral blood mononuclear cells in 218 former chemical plant workers and 150 population controls. RESULTS The workers had significantly higher geometric mean serum levels of 2,3,7,8-TCDD (26.2 vs 2.5 ppt) and TEQ (73.8 vs 17.7 ppt) than controls. There were no significant differences in the prevalence or frequency of t(14;18) translocations in the workers compared to controls. Among former workers with current or past chloracne who were t(14;18) positive, the frequency of translocations significantly increased with quartiles of 2,3,7,8-TCDD and TEQ. CONCLUSION Chloracne appears to modulate the association between dioxin exposure and increased frequency of t(14;18) translocations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Hryhorczuk
- Division of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago School of Public Health, Chicago, Illinois (Dr Hryhorczuk, Dr Dardynskaia); Center for Global Health, University of Illinois College of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois (Dr Hryhorczuk, Dr Dardynskiy); Department of Internal Medicine C, Hematology and Oncology, Greifswald University, Greifswald, Germany (Dr Hirt); Environmental and Earth Sciences, Exponent, Atlanta, Georgia (Mr Turner); City of Chicago Department of Public Health, Chicago, Illinois (Dr Ruestow); Program in Public Health, University of California at Irvine, Irvine, California (Dr Bartell); Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia (Dr Steenland); Institute of Pediatrics, Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kyiv, Ukraine (Dr Zvinchuk); Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, New York, New York (Dr Baccarelli)
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6
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Reliability of baseline self-reported information in the AGRICAN cohort. Cancer Causes Control 2022; 33:331-342. [PMID: 34984593 DOI: 10.1007/s10552-021-01516-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2021] [Accepted: 11/01/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE An important challenge in epidemiology is to ensure the reliability of collected data. Very few studies have been conducted in farming populations. We assessed the reliability of self-reported data on lifestyle, reproductive history, health and agricultural activities and tasks from the AGRICAN cohort. METHODS Our analysis focused on 739 individuals from the 181,842 cohort members who completed the questionnaire twice between 2005 and 2007 with a median time interval of 452 days. Consistency in the responses to questionnaire items (lifestyle, health and agricultural activities including pesticide treatments) was assessed by the percentage of exact agreement (PA), Cohen's Kappa value (K) and the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC). RESULTS Agreement was substantial to almost perfect for education, smoking, reproductive history and most health indicators (K/ICC > 0.61). Agreement was moderate for alcohol consumption and fair for diet. Agreement was substantial for animal and crop farming activities and tasks such as pesticide use on crops and protective equipment use (PA 81-99%, K/ICC 0.61-0.96). Most tasks showed moderate to substantial agreement, except a few with low agreement. Substantial to perfect agreement was observed for the duration of tasks, based on exact years of beginning and ending. CONCLUSION Farmers' answers appeared reliable for most occupational data, including data used to assess individual exposure to specific pesticides, and for most potential confounders.
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7
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Moubadder L, McCullough LE, Flowers CR, Koff JL. Linking Environmental Exposures to Molecular Pathogenesis in Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma Subtypes. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2020; 29:1844-1855. [PMID: 32727723 DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.epi-20-0228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2020] [Revised: 05/27/2020] [Accepted: 07/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-Hodgkin lymphoma comprises a heterogeneous group of hematologic malignancies, with about 60 subtypes that arise via various pathogenetic mechanisms. Although establishing etiology for specific NHL subtypes has been historically difficult given their relative rarity, environmental exposures have been repeatedly implicated as risk factors across many subtypes. Large-scale epidemiologic investigations have pinpointed chemical exposures in particular, but causality has not been established, and the exact biologic mechanisms underpinning these associations are unclear. Here we review chemical exposures that have been associated with development of NHL subtypes and discuss their biologic plausibility based on current research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leah Moubadder
- Department of Epidemiology, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Lauren E McCullough
- Department of Epidemiology, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Christopher R Flowers
- Department of Lymphoma & Myeloma, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Jean L Koff
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia.
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8
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Alves AA, Franco FC, Godoy FR, Aguiar Ramos JS, Nunes HF, Soares TN, de Melo E Silva D. The importance of understanding the distribution of GSTM1 and GSTT1 genotypes and haplotypes in a region with intense agriculture activity. Heliyon 2019; 5:e02815. [PMID: 31872100 PMCID: PMC6911878 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2019.e02815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2019] [Revised: 08/09/2019] [Accepted: 11/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Brazil is one of the largest pesticide consumers in the world, mainly due to its intense agricultural activity. The State of Goias, situated in Central Brazil, is a region recognized as an essential producer of soy, corn, beans, sorghum, sugar cane, and cotton. In this study, we evaluated 602 unrelated individuals, distributed in central and southern regions in Goias, presenting combined frequencies (haplotypes) of the GSTT1 and GSTM1 genes. In all municipalities, the frequency of the GSTT1 null genotype was 38.2% and of the GSTM1 null genotype was 50.3%. Goiania, the capital of Goias, presented the highest frequencies of GSTT1 and GSTM1 null genotypes, probably due to a founder effect of non-representative colonizing ancestors. So, the ancestral population adapted to the environment, with the frequencies observed in Goiania. However, nowadays, as there is excessive use of pesticides, the community becomes susceptible to the harmful effects of xenobiotics exposure, mainly due to the high frequency of GSTT1 and GSTM1 null genotypes. As in Goias, the consumption of pesticides has shown considerable growth, haplotypes with null alleles are of high risk for the population. Our results indicated that it is essential to understand the frequencies of the GSTT1 and GSTM1 genes for the monitoring of risk groups, like farmers, who have contact with pesticides, directly or indirectly, as well as assisting in the development of preventive medicine practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Arruda Alves
- Laboratório de Mutagênese, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Genética e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brasil
| | - Fernanda Craveiro Franco
- Laboratório de Virologia Animal, Instituto de Patologia Tropical, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brasil
| | - Fernanda Ribeiro Godoy
- Laboratório de Mutagênese, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Genética e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brasil.,Escola de Ciências Biológicas e Agrárias, Campus II, Núcleo de Pesquisas Replicon, Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brasil
| | - Jheneffer Sonara Aguiar Ramos
- Laboratório de Mutagênese, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Genética e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brasil
| | - Hugo Freire Nunes
- Laboratório de Mutagênese, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Genética e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brasil
| | - Thannya Nascimento Soares
- Laboratório de Genética e Biodiversidade, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Genética e Biologia Molecular. Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brasil
| | - Daniela de Melo E Silva
- Laboratório de Mutagênese, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Genética e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brasil.,Laboratório de Genética e Biodiversidade, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Genética e Biologia Molecular. Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brasil
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9
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Leon ME, Schinasi LH, Lebailly P, Beane Freeman LE, Nordby KC, Ferro G, Monnereau A, Brouwer M, Tual S, Baldi I, Kjaerheim K, Hofmann JN, Kristensen P, Koutros S, Straif K, Kromhout H, Schüz J. Pesticide use and risk of non-Hodgkin lymphoid malignancies in agricultural cohorts from France, Norway and the USA: a pooled analysis from the AGRICOH consortium. Int J Epidemiol 2019; 48:1519-1535. [PMID: 30880337 PMCID: PMC6857760 DOI: 10.1093/ije/dyz017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pesticides are commonly used in agriculture, and previous studies endorsed the need to further investigate the possible association between their use and risk of lymphoid malignancies in agricultural workers. METHODS We investigated the relationship of ever use of 14 selected pesticide chemical groups and 33 individual active chemical ingredients with non-Hodgkin lymphoid malignancies (NHL) overall or major subtypes, in a pooled analysis of three large agricultural worker cohorts. Pesticide use was derived from self-reported history of crops cultivated combined with crop-exposure matrices (France and Norway) or self-reported lifetime use of active ingredients (USA). Cox regression models were used to estimate cohort-specific hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs), which were combined using random effects meta-analysis to calculate meta-HRs. RESULTS During follow-up, 2430 NHL cases were diagnosed in 316 270 farmers accruing 3 574 815 person-years under risk. Most meta-HRs suggested no association. Moderately elevated meta-HRs were seen for: NHL and ever use of terbufos (meta-HR = 1.18, 95% CI: 1.00-1.39); chronic lymphocytic leukaemia/small lymphocytic lymphoma and deltamethrin (1.48, 1.06-2.07); and diffuse large B-cell lymphoma and glyphosate (1.36, 1.00-1.85); as well as inverse associations of NHL with the broader groups of organochlorine insecticides (0.86, 0.74-0.99) and phenoxy herbicides (0.81, 0.67-0.98), but not with active ingredients within these groups, after adjusting for exposure to other pesticides. CONCLUSIONS Associations of pesticides with NHL appear to be subtype- and chemical-specific. Non-differential exposure misclassification was an important limitation, showing the need for refinement of exposure estimates and exposure-response analyses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria E Leon
- Section of Environment and Radiation, International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), Lyon, France
| | - Leah H Schinasi
- Section of Environment and Radiation, International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), Lyon, France
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Pierre Lebailly
- ANTICIPE, U1086 INSERM, Université de Caen Normandie, and Centre de Lutte Contre le Cancer François Baclesse, Caen, France
| | - Laura E Beane Freeman
- Occupational and Environmental Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute (NCI), Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Karl-Christian Nordby
- Department of Occupational Medicine and Epidemiology, National Institute of Occupational Health (STAMI), Oslo, Norway
| | - Gilles Ferro
- Section of Environment and Radiation, International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), Lyon, France
| | - Alain Monnereau
- Hematological Malignancies Registry of Gironde, Bergonie Institute, Comprehensive Cancer Centre, Bordeaux, France
- University of Bordeaux, INSERM U1219 Center - EPICENE Team, CHU de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Maartje Brouwer
- Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences (IRAS), Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Séverine Tual
- ANTICIPE, U1086 INSERM, Université de Caen Normandie, and Centre de Lutte Contre le Cancer François Baclesse, Caen, France
| | - Isabelle Baldi
- CHU de Bordeaux, Service de Médecine du Travail et Pathologie Professionnelle, Bordeaux, France
| | | | - Jonathan N Hofmann
- Occupational and Environmental Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute (NCI), Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Petter Kristensen
- Department of Occupational Medicine and Epidemiology, National Institute of Occupational Health (STAMI), Oslo, Norway
| | - Stella Koutros
- Occupational and Environmental Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute (NCI), Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Kurt Straif
- Section of Evidence Synthesis and Classification, International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), Lyon, France
| | - Hans Kromhout
- Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences (IRAS), Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Joachim Schüz
- Section of Environment and Radiation, International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), Lyon, France
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10
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Sujobert P, Salles G. [Follicular lymphoma: An update]. Presse Med 2019; 48:850-858. [PMID: 31447334 DOI: 10.1016/j.lpm.2019.07.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2019] [Accepted: 07/18/2019] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Follicular lymphoma, the second most common lymphoma, is characterized by its slow growth and is often considered incurable in advanced stages. Progresses in biology have contributed to better understand the complex and successive mechanisms of development of this pathology, whose diagnosis is based on a lymph node biopsy. However, the prognosis of the patients is heterogeneous and several indexes have been proposed to identify groups of patients with a similar life expectancy, in order to guide the therapeutic choices. The treatment has been modified in the last 20 years by the emergence of anti-CD20 monoclonal antibodies which constitute, alone or in combination, of the cornerstone of therapeutic management. After staging using, in particular, 18-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography, the therapeutic strategy will be adapted for each patient, ranging from simple watchful waiting to a combination of chemotherapy and anti-CD20 antibodies. Relapses (which often require a new lymph node biopsy to eliminate a possible histological transformation into an aggressive lymphoma with poorer prognosis) remain common but are still accessible to effective therapeutic interventions. Thanks to these advances, the median life expectancy of patients with follicular lymphoma now exceeds 15 years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierre Sujobert
- Groupement hospitalier Sud, hospices civils de Lyon, service d'hématologie biologique, 69310 Lyon, France; Inserm U1052 CNRS 5286, centre de recherche en cancérologie de Lyon (CRCL), équipe « clinical and experimental models of lymphomagenesis », 69600 Lyon, France; Université de Lyon, université Claude-Bernard Lyon 1, faculté de médecine et de Maïeutique Lyon-Sud-Charles-Mérieux, 69600 Lyon, France
| | - Gilles Salles
- Inserm U1052 CNRS 5286, centre de recherche en cancérologie de Lyon (CRCL), équipe « clinical and experimental models of lymphomagenesis », 69600 Lyon, France; Université de Lyon, université Claude-Bernard Lyon 1, faculté de médecine et de Maïeutique Lyon-Sud-Charles-Mérieux, 69600 Lyon, France; Groupement hospitalier Sud, hospices civils de Lyon, service d'hématologie clinique, 69310 Lyon, France.
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Le M, Ghazawi FM, Alakel A, Netchiporouk E, Rahme E, Zubarev A, Powell M, Moreau L, Roshdy O, Glassman SJ, Sasseville D, Popradi G, Litvinov IV. Incidence and mortality trends and geographic patterns of follicular lymphoma in Canada. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019; 26:e473-e481. [PMID: 31548815 DOI: 10.3747/co.26.4625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Background Follicular lymphoma (fl) is the most common indolent lymphoma and the 2nd most common non-Hodgkin lymphoma, accounting for 10%-20% of all lymphomas in the Western world. Epidemiologic and geographic trends of fl in Canada have not been investigated. Our study's objective was to analyze incidence and mortality rates and the geographic distribution of fl patients in Canada for 1992-2010. Methods Demographic and geographic patient data for fl cases were obtained using the Canadian Cancer Registry, the Registre québécois du cancer, and the Canadian Vital Statistics database. Incidence and mortality rates and 95% confidence intervals were calculated per year and per geographic area. Rates were plotted using linear regression models to assess trends over time. Overall data were mapped using Microsoft Excel mapping software (Redmond, WA, U.S.A.) to identify case clusters across Canada. Results Approximately 22,625 patients were diagnosed with fl during 1992-2010. The age-standardized incidence rate of this malignancy in Canada was 38.3 cases per million individuals per year. Geographic analysis demonstrated that a number of Maritime provinces and Manitoba had the highest incidence rates, and that the provinces of Nova Scotia and Quebec had the highest mortality rates in the nation. Regional data demonstrated clustering of fl within cities or regions with high herbicide use, primary mining, and a strong manufacturing presence. Conclusions Our study provides a comprehensive overview of the fl burden and its geographic distribution in Canada. Regional clustering of this disease in concentrated industrial zones strongly suggests that multiple environmental factors might play a crucial role in the development of this lymphoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Le
- Division of Dermatology, McGill University, Montreal, QC
| | - F M Ghazawi
- Division of Dermatology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON
| | - A Alakel
- The Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON
| | - E Netchiporouk
- Division of Dermatology, McGill University, Montreal, QC
| | - E Rahme
- Division of Clinical Epidemiology, McGill University, Montreal, QC
| | - A Zubarev
- Division of Dermatology, McGill University, Montreal, QC
| | - M Powell
- Division of Dermatology, McGill University, Montreal, QC
| | - L Moreau
- Division of Dermatology, McGill University, Montreal, QC
| | - O Roshdy
- Division of Dermatology, McGill University, Montreal, QC
| | - S J Glassman
- Division of Dermatology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON
| | - D Sasseville
- Division of Dermatology, McGill University, Montreal, QC
| | - G Popradi
- Division of Hematology, McGill University, Montreal, QC
| | - I V Litvinov
- Division of Dermatology, McGill University, Montreal, QC.,Division of Dermatology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON
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12
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Zhang L, Rana I, Shaffer RM, Taioli E, Sheppard L. Exposure to glyphosate-based herbicides and risk for non-Hodgkin lymphoma: A meta-analysis and supporting evidence. MUTATION RESEARCH. REVIEWS IN MUTATION RESEARCH 2019; 781:186-206. [PMID: 31342895 PMCID: PMC6706269 DOI: 10.1016/j.mrrev.2019.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 138] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2018] [Revised: 02/02/2019] [Accepted: 02/05/2019] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Glyphosate is the most widely used broad-spectrum systemic herbicide in the world. Recent evaluations of the carcinogenic potential of glyphosate-based herbicides (GBHs) by various regional, national, and international agencies have engendered controversy. We investigated whether there was an association between high cumulative exposures to GBHs and increased risk of non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) in humans. We conducted a new meta-analysis that includes the most recent update of the Agricultural Health Study (AHS) cohort published in 2018 along with five case-control studies. Using the highest exposure groups when available in each study, we report the overall meta-relative risk (meta-RR) of NHL in GBH-exposed individuals was increased by 41% (meta-RR = 1.41, 95% confidence interval, CI: 1.13-1.75). For comparison, we also performed a secondary meta-analysis using high-exposure groups with the earlier AHS (2005), and we calculated a meta-RR for NHL of 1.45 (95% CI: 1.11-1.91), which was higher than the meta-RRs reported previously. Multiple sensitivity tests conducted to assess the validity of our findings did not reveal meaningful differences from our primary estimated meta-RR. To contextualize our findings of an increased NHL risk in individuals with high GBH exposure, we reviewed publicly available animal and mechanistic studies related to lymphoma. We documented further support from studies of malignant lymphoma incidence in mice treated with pure glyphosate, as well as potential links between glyphosate / GBH exposure and immunosuppression, endocrine disruption, and genetic alterations that are commonly associated with NHL or lymphomagenesis. Overall, in accordance with findings from experimental animal and mechanistic studies, our current meta-analysis of human epidemiological studies suggests a compelling link between exposures to GBHs and increased risk for NHL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luoping Zhang
- Division of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, USA.
| | - Iemaan Rana
- Division of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, USA
| | - Rachel M Shaffer
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, USA
| | - Emanuela Taioli
- Institute for Translational Epidemiology and Department of Population Health Science and Policy, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, USA
| | - Lianne Sheppard
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, USA; Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, USA
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13
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Navarrete-Meneses MDP, Pérez-Vera P. Pyrethroid pesticide exposure and hematological cancer: epidemiological, biological and molecular evidence. REVIEWS ON ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH 2019; 34:197-210. [PMID: 30903760 DOI: 10.1515/reveh-2018-0070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2018] [Accepted: 01/23/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Pyrethroid insecticides are commonly used worldwide. The chronic effects of these compounds are of concern given that epidemiological studies have suggested an association with hematological cancer, particularly in children. However, the biological evidence at molecular and cellular levels is limited. A review on the molecular and cellular effects of pyrethroids is helpful to guide the study of the biological plausibility of the association of pyrethroids with hematological cancer. We reviewed studies suggesting that pyrethroids are genotoxic, induce genetic rearrangements, alter gene expression and modify DNA. All of these biological modifications could potentially contribute to the carcinogenic process in hematopoietic cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Del Pilar Navarrete-Meneses
- Cancer Genetics Laboratory, Human Genetics Department, National Pediatrics Institute, Mexico City, Mexico
- Graduate Program in Biological Sciences, National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Patricia Pérez-Vera
- Cancer Genetics Laboratory, Human Genetics Department, National Pediatrics Institute, Mexico City, Mexico
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14
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Navarrete-Meneses MP, Pedraza-Meléndez AI, Salas-Labadía C, Moreno-Lorenzana D, Pérez-Vera P. Low concentrations of permethrin and malathion induce numerical and structural abnormalities in KMT2A and IGH genes in vitro. J Appl Toxicol 2018; 38:1262-1270. [PMID: 29741206 DOI: 10.1002/jat.3638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2018] [Revised: 03/22/2018] [Accepted: 03/30/2018] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Pesticides are commonly used worldwide and almost every human is potentially exposed to these chemicals. Exposure to pesticides such as permethrin and malathion has been associated with hematological malignancies in epidemiological studies. However, biological evidence showing if these chemicals induce genetic aberrations involved in the etiology of leukemia and lymphoma is missing. In our previous work, we have shown that a single high exposure (200 μm, 24 hours) of permethrin and malathion induce damage in genes associated with hematological malignancies in peripheral blood mononuclear cells analyzed by interphase fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). In the present study, we assessed by FISH whether exposure to low concentrations (0.1 μm, 72 hours) of permethrin and malathion induce aberrations in KMT2A and IGH genes, which are involved in the etiology of leukemia and lymphoma. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells were exposed to the chemicals, and damage in these genes was assessed on interphases and metaphases. We observed that both chemicals at low concentration induced structural aberrations in KMT2A and IGH genes. A higher level of damage was observed in KMT2A gene with malathion treatment and in IGH gene with permethrin exposure. We also observed numerical aberrations induced by these chemicals. The most frequent aberrations detected on interphase FISH were also observed on metaphases. Our results show that permethrin and malathion induce genetic damage in genes associated with hematological cancer, at concentrations biologically relevant. In addition, damage was observed on dividing cells, which suggests that these cells maintain their proliferation capacity in spite of the genetic damage they possess.
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Affiliation(s)
- M P Navarrete-Meneses
- Laboratorio de Genética y Cáncer, Departamento de Genética Humana, Instituto Nacional de Pediatría, Ciudad de México, Mexico.,Posgrado en Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - A I Pedraza-Meléndez
- Laboratorio de Genética y Cáncer, Departamento de Genética Humana, Instituto Nacional de Pediatría, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - C Salas-Labadía
- Laboratorio de Genética y Cáncer, Departamento de Genética Humana, Instituto Nacional de Pediatría, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | | | - P Pérez-Vera
- Laboratorio de Genética y Cáncer, Departamento de Genética Humana, Instituto Nacional de Pediatría, Ciudad de México, Mexico
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15
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Navarrete-Meneses MP, Salas-Labadía C, Sanabrais-Jiménez M, Santana-Hernández J, Serrano-Cuevas A, Juárez-Velázquez R, Olaya-Vargas A, Pérez-Vera P. "Exposure to the insecticides permethrin and malathion induces leukemia and lymphoma-associated gene aberrations in vitro". Toxicol In Vitro 2017. [PMID: 28624474 DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2017.06.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Epidemiological studies have associated the exposure to permethrin and malathion with increased risk of leukemia and lymphoma. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether in vitro exposure to permethrin and malathion induces aberrations in genes involved in the etiology of these hematological malignancies. Genetic abnormalities in the IGH, KMT2A (MLL), ETV6 and RUNX1 genes, and aneuploidy induced by the in vitro exposure to permethrin and malathion (200μM, 24h), were analyzed by FISH in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). The gene fusions IGH-BCL2, KMT2A-AFF1 and ETV6-RUNX1 were further analyzed with nested RT-PCR in PBMCs, and in K562 cells exposed to acute and chronic treatments (0.1μM, 24h or every third day for two weeks) of insecticides. FISH analysis revealed that permethrin induces aneuploidy and structural alterations in IGH and KMT2A genes, and malathion induces breaks in KMT2A. RT-PCR detected ETV6-RUNX1 fusion in PBMCs acutely exposed to permethrin. Permethrin also induced ETV6-RUNX1 and IGH-BCL2 fusions in K562 cells, and malathion induced KMT2A-AFF1 and ETV6-RUNX1 fusions. Overall, we identified that both insecticides induce breaks and fusions in the studied genes, and permethrin induces aneuploidy. This study presents evidence of damage in cancer genes caused by these insecticides.
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Affiliation(s)
- M P Navarrete-Meneses
- Laboratorio de Genética y Cáncer, Departamento de Genética Humana, Instituto Nacional de Pediatría, Insurgentes Sur 3700 Letra C. Delegación Coyoacán, CP 04530 Ciudad de México, Mexico; Posgrado en Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Av. Ciudad Universitaria 3000, C.P. 04510, Coyoacán, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - C Salas-Labadía
- Laboratorio de Genética y Cáncer, Departamento de Genética Humana, Instituto Nacional de Pediatría, Insurgentes Sur 3700 Letra C. Delegación Coyoacán, CP 04530 Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - M Sanabrais-Jiménez
- Laboratorio de Genética y Cáncer, Departamento de Genética Humana, Instituto Nacional de Pediatría, Insurgentes Sur 3700 Letra C. Delegación Coyoacán, CP 04530 Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - J Santana-Hernández
- Laboratorio de Genética y Cáncer, Departamento de Genética Humana, Instituto Nacional de Pediatría, Insurgentes Sur 3700 Letra C. Delegación Coyoacán, CP 04530 Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - A Serrano-Cuevas
- Laboratorio de Genética y Cáncer, Departamento de Genética Humana, Instituto Nacional de Pediatría, Insurgentes Sur 3700 Letra C. Delegación Coyoacán, CP 04530 Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - R Juárez-Velázquez
- Laboratorio de Genética y Cáncer, Departamento de Genética Humana, Instituto Nacional de Pediatría, Insurgentes Sur 3700 Letra C. Delegación Coyoacán, CP 04530 Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - A Olaya-Vargas
- Unidad de Trasplante de Células Progenitoras Hematopoyéticas, Instituto Nacional de Pediatría, Insurgentes Sur 3700 Letra C. Delegación Coyoacán, CP 04530 Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - P Pérez-Vera
- Laboratorio de Genética y Cáncer, Departamento de Genética Humana, Instituto Nacional de Pediatría, Insurgentes Sur 3700 Letra C. Delegación Coyoacán, CP 04530 Ciudad de México, Mexico.
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16
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Rapisarda V, Ledda C, Matera S, Fago L, Arrabito G, Falzone L, Marconi A, Libra M, Loreto C. Absence of t(14;18) chromosome translocation in agricultural workers after short-term exposure to pesticides. Mol Med Rep 2017; 15:3379-3382. [PMID: 28339074 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2017.6385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2016] [Accepted: 02/07/2017] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Exposure to pesticides represents a potential health risk for the general population and for agricultural workers in particular. Some researchers observed that occupational exposure to pesticides is associated with risk of non‑Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL). The chromosomal translocation t(14;18)(q32;q21) is one of the most common chromosomal abnormalities in NHL. The aim of this study was to detect the effects of pesticides on t(14;18) chromosome translocation in agricultural workers after short-term exposure. Fifty-two workers occupationally exposed to pesticides (fungicides and insecticides) and 52 non-exposed were recruited. The farm workers were on average exposed to pesticides for ~3.7 h a day for 5 years. The frequency of BCL2-IGH t(14;18) translocation in workers occupationally exposed to pesticides was 10% (5 of 52) vs. 8% (4 of 52) in the control group. Overall, these data suggest that no significant association between occupational exposure to pesticides and an increased frequency of the chromosomal translocation BCL2-IGH t(14;18) in farmers was observed. However, further studies with a higher number of subjects exposed to pesticides are necessary to confirm this observation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Venerando Rapisarda
- Section of Occupational Medicine, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Caterina Ledda
- Section of Occupational Medicine, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Serena Matera
- Section of Occupational Medicine, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Lucrezia Fago
- Section of Occupational Medicine, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Giorgio Arrabito
- Prevention and Safety in the Workplace Service, Provincial Health Agency of Ragusa, Ragusa, Italy
| | - Luca Falzone
- Section of General and Clinical Pathology and Oncology, Department of Biomedical and Biotechnology Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Andrea Marconi
- Section of Occupational Medicine, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Massimo Libra
- Section of General and Clinical Pathology and Oncology, Department of Biomedical and Biotechnology Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Carla Loreto
- Section of Human Anatomy and Histology, Department of Biomedical and Biotechnology Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
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Sebastian R, Raghavan SC. Induction of DNA damage and erroneous repair can explain genomic instability caused by endosulfan. Carcinogenesis 2016; 37:929-40. [PMID: 27492056 DOI: 10.1093/carcin/bgw081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2016] [Accepted: 07/30/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Endosulfan (ES) is an organochlorine pesticide, speculated to be associated with chromosomal abnormalities and diseases in humans. However, very little is known about the mechanism of its genotoxicity. Using in vivo, ex vivo and in vitro model systems, we show that exposure to ES induces reactive oxygen species (ROS) in a concentration and time-dependent manner. The generation of ROS results in DNA double-strand breaks either directly or in a replication-dependent manner, both in mice and human cells. Importantly, ES-induced DNA damage evokes DNA damage response, resulting in elevated levels of classical non-homologous DNA endjoining (NHEJ), the predominant double-strand break repair pathway in higher eukaryotes. Sequence analyses of NHEJ junctions revealed that ES treatment results in extensive processing of broken DNA, culminating in increased and long junctional deletions, thereby favoring erroneous repair. We also find that exposure to ES leads to significant increase in microhomology-mediated end joining (MMEJ), a LIGASE III-dependent alternative repair pathway. Therefore, we demonstrate that ES induces DNA damage and genomic instability, alters DNA damage response thereby promoting erroneous DNA repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robin Sebastian
- Department of Biochemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560 012, India
| | - Sathees C Raghavan
- Department of Biochemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560 012, India
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18
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Qaqish BM, Al-Dalahmah O, Al-Motassem Y, Battah A, Ismail SS. Occupational exposure to pesticides and occurrence of the chromosomal translocation t(14;18) among farmers in Jordan. Toxicol Rep 2016; 3:225-229. [PMID: 28959542 PMCID: PMC5615782 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxrep.2016.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2015] [Revised: 11/23/2015] [Accepted: 01/04/2016] [Indexed: 10/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND An increased incidence of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) has been reported in farmers and other occupational groups working with pesticides. In these individuals, an increased prevalence of the chromosomal translocation t(14;18)(q32;q21), one of the most common chromosomal abnormalities in NHL, has been detected in peripheral blood lymphocytes. This translocation juxtaposes the antiapoptotic BCL2 protein to the immunoglobulin heavy chain gene locus (IGH) leading to overexpression of BCL2. This causes an increase in cell survival, paving the way for malignant transformation. AIM OF THE STUDY The present study aimed to evaluate the association between the occurrence of the chromosomal translocation t(14;18) and occupational exposure to pesticides among a group of Jordanian farmers. METHODS A total of 192 male subjects including 96 agricultural workers and 96 control subjects participated in this study. BCL2-IGH t(14;18) fusions were detected by a nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay targeting the major breakpoint region (MBR). RESULTS We found that occupational exposure to pesticides in open-field farming and insecticide used on animals increased the frequency of the chromosomal translocation t(14;18). Farmers occupationally exposed to pesticides and insecticide were 13.5 times more likely to harbor t(14;18). 63.5% (61 of 96) of farmers compared to 11.5% (11 of 96) of controls carried the translocation (odds ratio: 13.5; 95% confidence interval (CI) = 6.3-28.6). We ruled out the influence of possible confounding factors such as age, duration of sun exposure, alcohol intake, smoking, and use of personal protective equipment. CONCLUSION Our results indicate that pesticides increased the frequency of chromosomal translocation in the 14q32 region. Accordingly, the presented data agrees with previous suggestions from the literature that pesticides might be involved in the development of NHL through the t(14;18) pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bara'a M Qaqish
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Jordan, Amman 11942, Jordan
| | - Osama Al-Dalahmah
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, Le Gros Clark Building, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3QX, United Kingdom
| | | | | | - Said S Ismail
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Jordan, Amman 11942, Jordan
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Lecluse Y, Comby E, Mariotte D, Tual S, Le Mauff B, Lebailly P, Gauduchon P. Prevalence of monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS) among farmers involved in open field farming and/or cattle breading in France. Leuk Lymphoma 2015; 57:1727-30. [PMID: 26689498 DOI: 10.3109/10428194.2015.1113277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yannick Lecluse
- a U1086 INSERM , Cancers & Preventions Unit, Caen , France ;,b Normandy Univ , UNICAEN , France ;,c Comprehensive Cancer Center François Baclesse , Unicancer , Caen , France
| | - Elisabeth Comby
- d Laboratory of Immunology , University Hospital Center , Caen , France
| | - Delphine Mariotte
- d Laboratory of Immunology , University Hospital Center , Caen , France
| | - Séverine Tual
- a U1086 INSERM , Cancers & Preventions Unit, Caen , France ;,b Normandy Univ , UNICAEN , France ;,c Comprehensive Cancer Center François Baclesse , Unicancer , Caen , France
| | - Brigitte Le Mauff
- b Normandy Univ , UNICAEN , France ;,d Laboratory of Immunology , University Hospital Center , Caen , France
| | - Pierre Lebailly
- a U1086 INSERM , Cancers & Preventions Unit, Caen , France ;,b Normandy Univ , UNICAEN , France ;,c Comprehensive Cancer Center François Baclesse , Unicancer , Caen , France
| | - Pascal Gauduchon
- b Normandy Univ , UNICAEN , France ;,c Comprehensive Cancer Center François Baclesse , Unicancer , Caen , France ;,e U1199 INSERM , Biology and Innovative Therapeutics for Locally Aggressive Cancer Unit, Caen , France
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Kelly RS, Roulland S, Morgado E, Sungalee S, Jouve N, Tumino R, Krogh V, Panico S, Polidoro S, Masala G, Sánchez MJ, Chirlaque MD, Sala N, Gurrea AB, Dorronsoro M, Travis RC, Riboli E, Gunter M, Murphy N, Vermeulen R, Bueno-de-Mesquita HB, Peeters PH, Trichopoulou A, Trichopoulos D, Lagiou P, Nieters A, Canzian F, Kaaks R, Boeing H, Weiderpass E, Stocks T, Melin B, Overvad K, Tjønneland A, Olsen A, Brennan P, Johansson M, Nadel B, Vineis P. Determinants of the t(14;18) translocation and their role in t(14;18)-positive follicular lymphoma. Cancer Causes Control 2015; 26:1845-55. [PMID: 26424368 DOI: 10.1007/s10552-015-0677-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2015] [Accepted: 09/22/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The strong association between t(14;18) translocation and follicular lymphoma (FL) is well known. However, the determinants of this chromosomal aberration and their role in t(14;18) associated FL remain to be established. METHODS t(14;18) frequency within the B cell lymphoma 2 major breakpoint region was determined for 135 incident FL cases and 251 healthy controls as part of a nested case-control study within the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer cohort. Quantitative real-time PCR was performed in DNA extracted from blood samples taken at recruitment. The relationship between prevalence and frequency of the translocation with baseline anthropometric, lifestyle, and dietary factors in cases and controls was determined. Unconditional logistic regression was used to explore whether the risk of FL associated with these factors differed in t(14;18)(+) as compared to t(14;18)(-) cases. RESULTS Among incident FL cases, educational level (χ(2) p = 0.021) and height (χ(2) p = 0.025) were positively associated with t(14;18) prevalence, and cases with high frequencies [t(14;18)(HF)] were significantly taller (t test p value = 0.006). These findings were not replicated in the control population, although there were a number of significant associations with dietary variables. Further analyses revealed that height was a significant risk factor for t(14;18)(+) FL [OR 6.31 (95% CI 2.11, 18.9) in the tallest versus the shortest quartile], but not t(14;18)(-) cases. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest a potential role for lifestyle factors in the prevalence and frequency of the t(14;18) translocation. The observation that the etiology of FL may differ by t(14;18) status, particularly with regard to height, supports the subdivision of FL by translocation status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel S Kelly
- MRC/PHE Centre for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, St Mary's Campus Norfolk Place, London, W2 1PG, UK
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Sandrine Roulland
- Center of Immunology of Marseille-Luminy (CIML), Université de la Méditerranée, Marseille, France
- INSERM U631, Marseille, France
- CNRS UMR6102, Marseille, France
| | - Ester Morgado
- Center of Immunology of Marseille-Luminy (CIML), Université de la Méditerranée, Marseille, France
- INSERM U631, Marseille, France
- CNRS UMR6102, Marseille, France
| | - Stéphanie Sungalee
- Center of Immunology of Marseille-Luminy (CIML), Université de la Méditerranée, Marseille, France
- INSERM U631, Marseille, France
- CNRS UMR6102, Marseille, France
| | - Nathalie Jouve
- Center of Immunology of Marseille-Luminy (CIML), Université de la Méditerranée, Marseille, France
- INSERM U631, Marseille, France
- CNRS UMR6102, Marseille, France
| | - Rosario Tumino
- Cancer Registry and Histopathology Unit, "Civic - M.P.Arezzo" Hospital, ASP Ragusa, Ragusa, Italy
| | - Vittorio Krogh
- Epidemiology and Prevention Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Salvatore Panico
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Federico II University, Naples, Italy
| | | | - Giovanna Masala
- Molecular and Nutritional Epidemiology Unit, Cancer Research and Prevention Institute - ISPO, Florence, Italy
| | - María-José Sánchez
- Escuela Andaluza de Salud Pública, Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Granada (Granada.ibs), Granada, Spain
- CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
| | - Maria-Dolores Chirlaque
- CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
- Department of Epidemiology, Murcia Regional Health Authority, Murcia, Spain
| | - Núria Sala
- Unit of Nutrition and Cancer, Cancer Epidemiology Research Program and Translational Research Laboratory, Catalan Institute of Oncology (IDIBELL), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Aurelio Barricarte Gurrea
- CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
- Navarre Public Health Institute, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Miren Dorronsoro
- Public Health Direction and Ciberesp-Biodonostia Basque Regional Health Department, Vitoria, Spain
| | - Ruth C Travis
- Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Elio Riboli
- MRC/PHE Centre for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, St Mary's Campus Norfolk Place, London, W2 1PG, UK
| | - Marc Gunter
- MRC/PHE Centre for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, St Mary's Campus Norfolk Place, London, W2 1PG, UK
| | - Neil Murphy
- MRC/PHE Centre for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, St Mary's Campus Norfolk Place, London, W2 1PG, UK
| | - Roel Vermeulen
- Division of Environmental Epidemiology, Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - H B Bueno-de-Mesquita
- Department for Determinants of Chronic Diseases (DCD), National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven, The Netherlands
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Medical Centre, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Petra H Peeters
- Department of Epidemiology, Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, 3508 GA, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Antonia Trichopoulou
- Hellenic Health Foundation, 13 Kaisareias Street, 115 27, Athens, Greece
- Bureau of Epidemiologic Research, Academy of Athens, 23 Alexandroupoleos Street, 115 27, Athens, Greece
| | - Dimitrios Trichopoulos
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Hellenic Health Foundation, 13 Kaisareias Street, 115 27, Athens, Greece
- Bureau of Epidemiologic Research, Academy of Athens, 23 Alexandroupoleos Street, 115 27, Athens, Greece
| | - Pagona Lagiou
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Bureau of Epidemiologic Research, Academy of Athens, 23 Alexandroupoleos Street, 115 27, Athens, Greece
- Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, University of Athens Medical School, 75 M. Asias Street, Goudi, 115 27, Athens, Greece
| | - Alexandra Nieters
- Center for Chronic Immunodeficiency, University Medical Center Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Federico Canzian
- Genomic Epidemiology Group, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Rudolf Kaaks
- Genomic Epidemiology Group, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Heiner Boeing
- Department of Epidemiology, German Institute of Human Nutrition (DIfE), Potsdam-Rehbrüucke, Nuthetal, Germany
| | - Elisabete Weiderpass
- Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Tromsø, The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
- Cancer Registry of Norway, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Genetic Epidemiology, Folkhälsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Tanja Stocks
- Department of Clinical Sciences in Malmö, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
- Department of Perioperative and Surgical Sciences, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Beatrice Melin
- Department of Radiation Sciences, Head Regional Cancer Center North, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Kim Overvad
- Section for Epidemiology, Department of Public Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | | | - Anja Olsen
- Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Paul Brennan
- International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC-WHO), 69372, Lyon, France
| | - Mattias Johansson
- International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC-WHO), 69372, Lyon, France
| | - Bertrand Nadel
- Center of Immunology of Marseille-Luminy (CIML), Université de la Méditerranée, Marseille, France
- INSERM U631, Marseille, France
- CNRS UMR6102, Marseille, France
| | - Paolo Vineis
- MRC/PHE Centre for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, St Mary's Campus Norfolk Place, London, W2 1PG, UK.
- HuGeF - Human Genetics Foundation, Turin, Italy.
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Hirt C, Camargo MC, Yu KJ, Hewitt SM, Dölken G, Rabkin CS. Risk of follicular lymphoma associated with BCL2 translocations in peripheral blood. Leuk Lymphoma 2015; 56:2625-9. [PMID: 25549806 DOI: 10.3109/10428194.2014.999324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Many adults have circulating lymphocytes with the BCL2 gene translocation characteristic of follicular lymphoma. We therefore conducted a nested case-control study of incident lymphomas with peripheral blood obtained a median 4.9 years pre-diagnosis from the Prostate, Lung, Colorectal and Ovarian Cancer Screening Trial. Overall, 13 of 26 cases of lymphoma and 14 of 47 controls had BCL2 major breakpoint region (MBR) translocations in pre-diagnosis blood (odds ratio [OR] = 2.8). Nine cases had BCL2-MBR-positive tumors; eight of these nine had BCL2-MBR translocations in paired blood versus five of the 17 with BCL2-MBR-negative tumors (p = 0.01). Comparing both tumor types to controls, blood BCL2-MBR translocations had a strong, statistically significant association with BCL2-MBR-positive tumors (OR = 26), but not with BCL2-MBR-negative tumors (OR = 0.9). All eight BCL2-MBR-positive tumors with pre-diagnosis BCL2 translocations were clonally related to these circulating cells, based on similarity of recombination sequences. These data indicate that blood BCL2-MBR translocations represent lymphoma precursor clones with malignant potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carsten Hirt
- a Hematology and Oncology, Clinic for Internal Medicine C, University of Greifswald , Greifswald , Germany
| | - M Constanza Camargo
- b Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute , Bethesda , MD , USA
| | - Kelly J Yu
- c Division of Cancer Prevention, National Cancer Institute , Bethesda , MD , USA
| | - Stephen M Hewitt
- d Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute , Bethesda , MD , USA
| | - Gottfried Dölken
- a Hematology and Oncology, Clinic for Internal Medicine C, University of Greifswald , Greifswald , Germany
| | - Charles S Rabkin
- b Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute , Bethesda , MD , USA
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Pham-Ledard A, Cowppli-Bony A, Doussau A, Prochazkova-Carlotti M, Laharanne E, Jouary T, Belaud-Rotureau MA, Vergier B, Merlio JP, Beylot-Barry M. Diagnostic and prognostic value of BCL2 rearrangement in 53 patients with follicular lymphoma presenting as primary skin lesions. Am J Clin Pathol 2015; 143:362-73. [PMID: 25696794 DOI: 10.1309/ajcp4subr4npsptn] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To study the diagnostic value of BCL2 rearrangement in follicle center lymphoma (FCL) presenting as primary skin lesions, evaluate its prevalence and the prognostic value in primary cutaneous FCL (PCFCL), and assess prognostic factors in PCFCL. METHODS Fifty-three patients with a cutaneous presentation of FCL without a history of nodal lymphoma were selected retrospectively. Clinical and histologic data were collected together with staging and follow-up data. A fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) test for BCL2 split probes was performed on skin biopsy specimens. RESULTS Initial staging procedures identified 47 PCFCLs and six cases of secondary skin involvement of FCL (SSIFCL). FISH detected seven cases carrying a BCL2 rearrangement: four (8.5%) of 47 PCFCLs and three (50%) of six SSIFCLs. These seven cases coexpressed BCL2 and CD10. In PCFCL, cutaneous relapse rate was 42.6%. A small/medium centrocytic cell population was associated with a higher probability of skin relapse in univariate (P = .008) and multivariate (P = .028) analysis, and BCL2 rearrangement detection was associated with secondary extracutaneous spreading (P = .05). CONCLUSIONS We observed that BCL2 rearrangement in PCFCL is rare, associated with initial positivity of staging (diagnostic value) or with secondary extracutaneous spreading (prognostic value). In selected cases with BCL2-CD10 coexpression, FISH testing could detect patients with poor outcome and require closer monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Pham-Ledard
- Dermatology Department, CHU de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
- EA2406 Histology and Molecular Pathology of Tumours, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | | | | | | | - Elodie Laharanne
- EA2406 Histology and Molecular Pathology of Tumours, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
- Pathology Department, CHU de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Thomas Jouary
- Dermatology Department, CHU de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | | | - Béatrice Vergier
- EA2406 Histology and Molecular Pathology of Tumours, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
- Pathology Department, CHU de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Jean-Philippe Merlio
- EA2406 Histology and Molecular Pathology of Tumours, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
- Pathology Department, CHU de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Marie Beylot-Barry
- Dermatology Department, CHU de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
- EA2406 Histology and Molecular Pathology of Tumours, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
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24
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Gene–environment interactions in heavy metal and pesticide carcinogenesis. MUTATION RESEARCH-GENETIC TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL MUTAGENESIS 2014; 760:1-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mrgentox.2013.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2013] [Revised: 11/19/2013] [Accepted: 11/25/2013] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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Schmidt J, Salaverria I, Haake A, Bonzheim I, Adam P, Montes-Moreno S, Piris MA, Fend F, Siebert R, Quintanilla-Martinez L. Increasing genomic and epigenomic complexity in the clonal evolution from in situ to manifest t(14;18)-positive follicular lymphoma. Leukemia 2013; 28:1103-12. [DOI: 10.1038/leu.2013.307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2013] [Accepted: 10/15/2013] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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Karube K, Scarfò L, Campo E, Ghia P. Monoclonal B cell lymphocytosis and "in situ" lymphoma. Semin Cancer Biol 2013; 24:3-14. [PMID: 23999128 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2013.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2013] [Revised: 08/15/2013] [Accepted: 08/21/2013] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
The finding of monoclonal B-cell populations not fulfilling criteria for a lymphoid malignancy has given great impulse to study mechanisms involved in lymphomagenesis and factors responsible for the transition from B-cell precursor states to overt lymphoproliferative disorders. Monoclonal B cell expansions were initially recognized in peripheral blood of otherwise healthy subjects (thus defined monoclonal B-cell lymphocytosis, MBL) and in most cases share the immunophenotypic profile of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). The clinical relevance of this phenomenon is different according to B-cell count: high-count MBL is considered a preneoplastic condition and progresses to CLL requiring treatment at a rate of 1-2% per year, while low-count MBL, though persisting over time, has not shown a clinical correlation with frank leukemia so far. MBL other than CLL-like represent a minority of cases and are ill-defined entities for which clinical and biological information is still scanty. In situ follicular lymphoma (FL) and mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) are characterized by the localization of atypical lymphoid cells, carrying t(14;18)(q32;q21) or t(11;14)(q13;q32), only in the germinal centers and mantle zones respectively, where their normal counterparts are localized. The localization of these cells indicates that germinal centers or mantle zones provide appropriate microenvironments for cells carrying these oncogenic alterations to survive or proliferate. The progression of these lesions to overt lymphomas occurs rarely and may require the accumulation of additional genetic events. Individuals with these lymphoid proliferations should be managed with caution.
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MESH Headings
- B-Lymphocytes/pathology
- Cell Lineage
- Humans
- Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell/blood
- Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell/genetics
- Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell/pathology
- Lymphocytosis/blood
- Lymphocytosis/genetics
- Lymphocytosis/pathology
- Lymphoma, Follicular/blood
- Lymphoma, Follicular/genetics
- Lymphoma, Follicular/pathology
- Lymphoma, Mantle-Cell/blood
- Lymphoma, Mantle-Cell/pathology
- Translocation, Genetic
- Tumor Microenvironment/genetics
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Affiliation(s)
- Kennosuke Karube
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, Hospital Clínic, Villarroel 170, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Lydia Scarfò
- Laboratory of B-cell Neoplasia, Division of Molecular Oncology, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Università Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Via Olgettina 58, 20132 Milano, Italy; Clinical Unit of Lymphoid Malignancies, Department of Onco-Hematology, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Università Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Via Olgettina 60, 20132 Milano, Italy
| | - Elias Campo
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, Hospital Clínic, Villarroel 170, 08036 Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Paolo Ghia
- Laboratory of B-cell Neoplasia, Division of Molecular Oncology, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Università Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Via Olgettina 58, 20132 Milano, Italy; Clinical Unit of Lymphoid Malignancies, Department of Onco-Hematology, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Università Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Via Olgettina 60, 20132 Milano, Italy
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Conesa-Zamora P, Ruiz-Cosano J, Torres-Moreno D, Español I, Gutiérrez-Meca MD, Trujillo-Santos J, Pérez-Ceballos E, González-Conejero R, Corral J, Vicente V, Pérez-Guillermo M. Polymorphisms in xenobiotic metabolizing genes (EPHX1, NQO1 and PON1) in lymphoma susceptibility: a case control study. BMC Cancer 2013; 13:228. [PMID: 23651475 PMCID: PMC3649938 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2407-13-228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2012] [Accepted: 05/01/2013] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The interplay between genetic susceptibility and carcinogenic exposure is important in the development of haematopoietic malignancies. EPHX1, NQO1 and PON1 are three genes encoding proteins directly involved in the detoxification of potential carcinogens. Methods We have studied the prevalence of three functional polymorphisms affecting these genes rs1051740 EPHX1, rs1800566 NQO1 and rs662 PON1 in 215 patients with lymphoma and 214 healthy controls. Results Genotype frequencies for EPHX and NQO1 polymorphisms did not show any correlation with disease. In contrast, the GG genotype in the PON1 polymorphism was found to be strongly associated with the disease (15.3% vs. 4.7%; OR = 3.7 CI (95%): 1.8-7.7; p < 0.001). According to the pathological diagnosis this association was related to follicular (p = 0.004) and diffuse large B-cell (p = 0.016) lymphomas. Conclusions Despite the fact that further confirmation is needed, this study shows that the PON1 GG genotype in rs662 polymorphism could be a risk factor for B-cell lymphomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pablo Conesa-Zamora
- Pathology Department, Santa Lucía General University Hospital (HGUSL), 30202, Cartagena, Spain.
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Hirt C, Weitmann K, Schüler F, Kiefer T, Rabkin CS, Hoffmann W, Dölken G. Circulating t(14;18)-positive cells in healthy individuals: association with age and sex but not with smoking. Leuk Lymphoma 2013; 54:2678-84. [PMID: 23527525 DOI: 10.3109/10428194.2013.788177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Abstract t(14;18)-positive cells can be detected not only in patients with follicular lymphoma (FL) but also in healthy individuals (HIs). We used epidemiological data and blood samples of the population-based Study of Health in Pomerania (SHIP) to analyze associations of FL risk factors and t(14;18)-positive cells in HIs. Buffy coat samples from 4152 study participants were tested by real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for t(14;18)-positive cells. Of 3966 evaluable subjects, 1526 were t(14;18)-PCR positive [38.5%, median 3.9 t(14;18)-positive per million nucleated cells, range 0.6-9299]. In multivariable analyses, age and sex but not parameters of smoking exposure were significantly associated with t(14;18) prevalence (logistic regression, p < 0.001). Multivariable analyses of t(14;18)-frequency showed a positive association with age but not with sex or smoking. These age and sex associations in HIs require careful control in future studies of t(14;18) as a potential biomarker of lymphoma risk.
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Vakonaki E, Androutsopoulos VP, Liesivuori J, Tsatsakis AM, Spandidos DA. Pesticides and oncogenic modulation. Toxicology 2013; 307:42-5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2013.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2012] [Revised: 01/11/2013] [Accepted: 01/16/2013] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Nambiar M, Raghavan SC. Chromosomal translocations among the healthy human population: implications in oncogenesis. Cell Mol Life Sci 2013; 70:1381-92. [PMID: 22948164 PMCID: PMC11113647 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-012-1135-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2012] [Revised: 08/04/2012] [Accepted: 08/13/2012] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Chromosomal translocations are characteristic features of many cancers, especially lymphoma and leukemia. However, recent reports suggest that many chromosomal translocations can be found in healthy individuals, although the significance of this observation is still not clear. In this review, we summarize recent studies on chromosomal translocations in healthy individuals carried out in different geographical areas of the world and discuss the relevance of the observation with respect to oncogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mridula Nambiar
- Department of Biochemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, 560 012 India
| | - Sathees C. Raghavan
- Department of Biochemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, 560 012 India
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von Stackelberg K. A Systematic Review of Carcinogenic Outcomes and Potential Mechanisms from Exposure to 2,4-D and MCPA in the Environment. J Toxicol 2013; 2013:371610. [PMID: 23533401 PMCID: PMC3600329 DOI: 10.1155/2013/371610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2012] [Revised: 05/18/2012] [Accepted: 07/11/2012] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Chlorophenoxy compounds, particularly 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) and 4-chloro-2-methylphenoxy)acetic acid (MCPA), are amongst the most widely used herbicides in the United States for both agricultural and residential applications. Epidemiologic studies suggest that exposure to 2,4-D and MCPA may be associated with increased risk non-Hodgkins lymphoma (NHL), Hodgkin's disease (HD), leukemia, and soft-tissue sarcoma (STS). Toxicological studies in rodents show no evidence of carcinogenicity, and regulatory agencies worldwide consider chlorophenoxies as not likely to be carcinogenic or unclassifiable as to carcinogenicity. This systematic review assembles the available data to evaluate epidemiologic, toxicological, pharmacokinetic, exposure, and biomonitoring studies with respect to key cellular events noted in disease etiology and how those relate to hypothesized modes of action for these constituents to determine the plausibility of an association between exposure to environmentally relevant concentrations of 2,4-D and MCPA and lymphohematopoietic cancers. The combined evidence does not support a genotoxic mode of action. Although plausible hypotheses for other carcinogenic modes of action exist, a comparison of biomonitoring data to oral equivalent doses calculated from bioassay data shows that environmental exposures are not sufficient to support a causal relationship. Genetic polymorphisms exist that are known to increase the risk of developing NHL. The potential interaction between these polymorphisms and exposures to chlorophenoxy compounds, particularly in occupational settings, is largely unknown.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katherine von Stackelberg
- E Risk Sciences, LLP, 12 Holton Street, Allston, MA 02134, USA
- Harvard Center for Risk Analysis, 401 Park Drive, Landmark 404J, Boston, MA 02215, USA
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Exploring risk factors for follicular lymphoma. Adv Hematol 2012; 2012:626035. [PMID: 23028387 PMCID: PMC3458409 DOI: 10.1155/2012/626035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2012] [Accepted: 07/23/2012] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Follicular lymphoma (FL) is an indolent malignancy of germinal center B cells with varied incidence across racial groups and geographic regions. Improvements in the classification of non-Hodgkin lymphoma subtypes provide an opportunity to explore associations between environmental exposures and FL incidence. Our paper found that aspects of Western lifestyle including sedentary lifestyle, obesity, and diets high in meat and milk are associated with an increased risk of FL. Diets rich in fruits and vegetables, polyunsaturated fatty acids, vitamin D, and certain antioxidants are inversely associated with FL risk. A medical history of Sjogren's syndrome, influenza vaccination, and heart disease may be associated with FL incidence. Associations between FL and exposure to pesticides, industrial solvents, hair dyes, and alcohol/tobacco were inconsistent. Genetic risk factors include variants at the 6p21.32 region of the MHC II locus, polymorphisms of the DNA repair gene XRCC3, and UV exposure in individuals with certain polymorphisms of the vitamin D receptor. Increasing our understanding of risk factors for FL must involve integrating epidemiological studies of genetics and exposures to allow for the examination of risk factors and interactions between genes and environment.
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Abstract
INTRODUCTION: Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma (NHL) is a heterogeneous group of malignancies with over thirty different subtypes. Follicular lymphoma (FL) is the most common form of indolent NHL and the second most common form of NHL overall. It has morphologic, immunophenotypic and clinical features significantly different from other subtypes. Considerable effort has been devoted to the identification of risk factors for etiology and prognosis of FL. These risk factors may advance our understanding of the biology of FL and have an impact on clinical practice. AREAS COVERED: The epidemiology of NHL and FL is briefly reviewed. For FL etiology and prognosis separately, we review clinical, environmental and molecular (including genetic, genomic, epigenetic and others) risk factors suggested in the literature. EXPERT OPINION: A large number of potential risk factors have been suggested in recent studies. However, there is a lack of consensus, and many of the suggested risk factors have not been rigorously validated in independent studies. There is a need for large-scale, prospective studies to consolidate existing findings and discover new risk factors. Some of the identified risk factors are successful at the population level. More effective individual-level risk factors and models remain to be identified.
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Fend F, Cabecadas J, Gaulard P, Jaffe ES, Kluin P, Kuzu I, Peterson L, Wotherspoon A, Sundström C. Early lesions in lymphoid neoplasia: Conclusions based on the Workshop of the XV. Meeting of the European Association of Hematopathology and the Society of Hematopathology, in Uppsala, Sweden. J Hematop 2012; 5. [PMID: 24307917 DOI: 10.1007/s12308-012-0148-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
The increasing use of immunophenotypic and molecular techniques on lymphoid tissue samples without obvious involvement by malignant lymphoma has resulted in the increased detection of "early" lymphoid proliferations, which show some, but not all the criteria necessary for a diagnosis of malignant lymphoma. In most instances, these are incidental findings in asymptomatic individuals, and their biological behaviour is uncertain. In order to better characterize these premalignant conditions and to establish diagnostic criteria, a joint workshop of the European Association for Haematopathology and the Society of Hematopathology was held in Uppsala, Sweden, in September 2010. The panel reviewed and discussed more than 130 submitted cases and reached consensus diagnoses. Cases representing the nodal equivalent of monoclonal B-cell lymphocytosis (MBL) were discussed, as well as the "in situ" counterparts of follicular lymphoma (FL) and mantle cell lymphoma (MCL), topics that also stimulated discussions concerning the best terminology for these lesions. The workshop also addressed the borderland between reactive hyperplasia, and clonal proliferations such as pediatric marginal zone lymphoma and pediatric FL, which may have very limited capacity for progression. Virus-driven lymphoproliferations in the grey zone between reactive lesions and manifest malignant lymphoma were covered. Finally, early manifestations of T-cell lymphoma, both nodal and extranodal, and their mimics were addressed. This workshop report summarizes the most important conclusions concerning diagnostic features, as well as proposals for terminology and classification of early lymphoproliferations and tries to give some practical guidelines for diagnosis and reporting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Falko Fend
- Institute of Pathology and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Tübingen University Hospital, Tübingen, Germany
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Abstract
Follicular lymphoma (FL) pathogenesis is a complex and fascinating multi-hit process, escalating along successive derailments of the distinctive molecular and cellular mechanisms paving B-cell differentiation and activation. This progressive subversion of B-cell receptor diversification mechanisms and B-cell homeostasis likely occurs during a protracted preclinical phase of asymptomatic growth, in which premalignant clones already disseminate and establish "niches" in secondary lymphoid organs. Following FL diagnosis, a parallel indolent behavior is observed in most patients, slowly progressing over a period of many years, to eventually generate a highly refractory (and in some case transform into an aggressive subtype of) lymphoma. Novel insights in human germinal center B-cell biology recently allowed a more comprehensive understanding of the various illegitimate events sequentially involved in the premalignant progression phases. In this review, we will discuss how these new data have modified our perception of early FL pathogenesis, the new questions and challenges it opened up, and how this knowledge could impact on innovative programs of early detection, follow-up, and patient management.
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Carvajal-Cuenca A, Sua LF, Silva NM, Pittaluga S, Royo C, Song JY, Sargent RL, Espinet B, Climent F, Jacobs SA, Delabie J, Naresh KN, Bagg A, Brousset P, Warnke RA, Serrano S, Harris NL, Swerdlow SH, Jaffe ES, Campo E. In situ mantle cell lymphoma: clinical implications of an incidental finding with indolent clinical behavior. Haematologica 2011; 97:270-8. [PMID: 22058203 DOI: 10.3324/haematol.2011.052621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 125] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cyclin D1-positive B cells are occasionally found in the mantle zones of reactive lymphoid follicles, a condition that has been called "in situ mantle cell lymphoma". The clinical significance of this lesion remains uncertain. DESIGN AND METHODS The clinical and pathological characteristics, including SOX11 expression, of 23 cases initially diagnosed as in situ mantle cell lymphoma were studied. RESULTS Seventeen of the 23 cases fulfilled the criteria for in situ mantle cell lymphoma. In most cases, the lesions were incidental findings in reactive lymph nodes. The t(11;14) was detected in all eight cases examined. SOX11 was positive in seven of 16 cases (44%). Five cases were associated with other small B-cell lymphomas. In two cases, both SOX11-positive, the in situ mantle cell lymphoma lesions were discovered after the diagnosis of overt lymphoma; one 4 years earlier, and one 3 years later. Twelve of the remaining 15 patients had a follow-up of at least 1 year (median 2 years; range, 1-19.5), of whom 11 showed no evidence of progression, including seven who were not treated. Only one of 12 patients with an in situ mantle cell lymphoma lesion and no diagnosis of mantle cell lymphoma at the time developed an overt lymphoma, 4 years later; this case was also SOX11-positive. The six remaining cases were diagnosed as mantle cell lymphoma with a mantle zone pattern. Five were SOX11-positive and four of them were associated with lymphoma without a mantle zone pattern. CONCLUSIONS In situ mantle cell lymphoma lesions are usually an incidental finding with a very indolent behavior. These cases must be distinguished from mantle cell lymphoma with a mantle zone pattern and overt mantle cell lymphoma because they may not require therapeutic intervention.
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Follicular lymphoma in situ: clinical implications and comparisons with partial involvement by follicular lymphoma. Blood 2011; 118:2976-84. [PMID: 21768298 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2011-05-355255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 116] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Follicular lymphoma in situ (FLIS) was first described nearly a decade ago, but its clinical significance remains uncertain. We reevaluated our original series and more recently diagnosed cases to develop criteria for the distinction of FLIS from partial involvement by follicular lymphoma (PFL). A total of 34 cases of FLIS were identified, most often as an incidental finding in a reactive lymph node. Six of 34 patients had prior or concurrent FL, and 5 of 34 had FLIS composite with another lymphoma. Of patients with negative staging at diagnosis and available follow-up (21 patients), only one (5%) developed FL (follow-up: median, 41 months; range, 10-118 months). Follow-up was not available in 2 cases. Fluorescence in situ hybridization for BCL2 gene rearrangement was positive in all 17 cases tested. PFL patients were more likely to develop FL, diagnosed in 9 of 17 (53%) who were untreated. Six patients with PFL were treated with local radiation therapy (4) or rituximab (2) and remained with no evidence of disease. FLIS can be reliably distinguished from PFL and has a very low rate of progression to clinically significant FL. FLIS may represent the tissue counterpart of circulating t(14;18)-positive B cells.
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Ruiz-Cosano J, Conesa-Zamora P, González-Conejero R, Pérez-Ceballos E, Martínez-Francés A, Vicente V, Pérez-Guillermo M. Role of GSTT1 and M1 null genotypes as risk factors for B-cell lymphoma: Influence of geographical factors and occupational exposure. Mol Carcinog 2011; 51:508-13. [DOI: 10.1002/mc.20814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2010] [Revised: 05/06/2011] [Accepted: 05/12/2011] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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Ferrero S, Drandi D, Mantoan B, Ghione P, Omedè P, Ladetto M. Minimal residual disease detection in lymphoma and multiple myeloma: impact on therapeutic paradigms. Hematol Oncol 2011; 29:167-76. [PMID: 22678691 DOI: 10.1002/hon.989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Early identification of patients at high risk of relapse is a major goal of current translational research in oncohematology. Minimal residual disease (MRD) detection by polymerase chain reaction-based methods is currently part of the routine clinical management of patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia. However, the current knowledge indicates that it is also a useful prognostic tool in several mature lymphoproliferative disorders. Its utility is currently well established in follicular lymphoma, mantle cell lymphoma, and multiple myeloma. In some of these entities, clinical trials employing MRD as a decision-making tool are currently ongoing. In the present review, we will discuss the 'state of the art' of MRD evaluation in these three neoplasms with the ultimate aim of providing critical take-home messages for clinicians working in the field. Moreover, we will outline the role of MRD detection in the design of future clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simone Ferrero
- Division of Hematology, Department of Experimental Medicine and Oncology, University of Torino, Turin, Italy
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Kokouva M, Bitsolas N, Hadjigeorgiou GM, Rachiotis G, Papadoulis N, Hadjichristodoulou C. Pesticide exposure and lymphohaematopoietic cancers: a case-control study in an agricultural region (Larissa, Thessaly, Greece). BMC Public Health 2011; 11:5. [PMID: 21205298 PMCID: PMC3022699 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2458-11-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2010] [Accepted: 01/04/2011] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The causality of lymphohaematopoietic cancers (LHC) is multifactorial and studies investigating the association between chemical exposure and LHC have produced variable results. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationships between exposure to pesticides and LHC in an agricultural region of Greece. METHODS A structured questionnaire was employed in a hospital-based case control study to gather information on demographics, occupation, exposure to pesticides, agricultural practices, family and medical history and smoking. To control for confounders, backward conditional and multinomial logistic regression analyses were used. To assess the dose-response relationship between exposure and disease, the chi-square test for trend was used. RESULTS Three hundred and fifty-four (354) histologically confirmed LHC cases diagnosed from 2004 to 2006 and 455 sex- and age-matched controls were included in the study. Pesticide exposure was associated with total LHC cases (OR 1.46, 95% CI 1.05-2.04), myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) (OR 1.87, 95% CI 1.00-3.51) and leukaemia (OR 2.14, 95% CI 1.09-4.20). A dose-response pattern was observed for total LHC cases (P = 0.004), MDS (P = 0.024) and leukaemia (P = 0.002). Pesticide exposure was independently associated with total LHC cases (OR 1.41, 95% CI 1.00 - 2.00) and leukaemia (OR 2.05, 95% CI 1.02-4.12) after controlling for age, smoking and family history (cancers, LHC and immunological disorders). Smoking during application of pesticides was strongly associated with total LHC cases (OR 3.29, 95% CI 1.81-5.98), MDS (OR 3.67, 95% CI 1.18-12.11), leukaemia (OR 10.15, 95% CI 2.15-65.69) and lymphoma (OR 2.72, 95% CI 1.02-8.00). This association was even stronger for total LHC cases (OR 18.18, 95% CI 2.38-381.17) when eating simultaneously with pesticide application. CONCLUSIONS Lymphohaematopoietic cancers were associated with pesticide exposure after controlling for confounders. Smoking and eating during pesticide application were identified as modifying factors increasing the risk for LHC. The poor pesticide work practices identified during this study underline the need for educational campaigns for farmers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Kokouva
- Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Medical Faculty, University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece
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Shuga J, Zeng Y, Novak R, Mathies RA, Hainaut P, Smith MT. Selected technologies for measuring acquired genetic damage in humans. ENVIRONMENTAL AND MOLECULAR MUTAGENESIS 2010; 51:851-870. [PMID: 20872848 DOI: 10.1002/em.20630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Technical advances have improved the capacity to detect and quantify genetic variants, providing novel methods for the detection of rare mutations and for better understanding the underlying environmental factors and biological mechanisms contributing to mutagenesis. The polymerase chain reaction (PCR) has revolutionized genetic testing and remains central to many of these new techniques for mutation detection. Millions of genetic variations have been discovered across the genome. These variations include germline mutations and polymorphisms, which are inherited in a Mendelian manner and present in all cells, as well as acquired, somatic mutations that differ widely by type and size [from single-base mutations to whole chromosome rearrangements, and including submicroscopic copy number variations (CNVs)]. This review focuses on current methods for assessing acquired somatic mutations in the genome, and it examines their application in molecular epidemiology and sensitive detection and analysis of disease. Although older technologies have been exploited for detecting acquired mutations in cancer and other disease, the high-throughput and high-sensitivity offered by next-generation sequencing (NGS) systems are transforming the discovery of disease-associated acquired mutations by enabling comparative whole-genome sequencing of diseased and healthy tissues from the same individual. Emerging microfluidic technologies are beginning to facilitate single-cell genetic analysis of target variable regions for investigating cell heterogeneity within tumors as well as preclinical detection of disease. The technologies discussed in this review will significantly expand our knowledge of acquired genetic mutations and causative mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joe Shuga
- School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
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Turner PC, Hopton RP, Lecluse Y, White KLM, Fisher J, Lebailly P. Determinants of urinary deoxynivalenol and de-epoxy deoxynivalenol in male farmers from Normandy, France. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2010; 58:5206-5212. [PMID: 20349912 DOI: 10.1021/jf100892v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Dietary exposure to deoxynivalenol (DON) from contaminated cereal crops is frequent in Europe, and farm workers who handle grain or silage may be at additional risk. In this study we refined a urinary assay for DON and present a novel assay for the DON metabolite de-epoxy-deoxynivalenol (DOM-1). These were applied to a pilot survey of male French farmers (n = 76, aged 23-74). DON was detected in 75/76 samples (range 0.5-28.8 ng/mL) and DOM-1 in 26/76 samples (range 0.2-2.8 ng/mL). In multivariate analysis including creatinine as a covariate, bread consumption, other cereal consumption, and maize acreage contributed to the model, explaining the variation in urinary "DON and DOM-1" concentration combined (R(2) = 0.33). This is the first exposure biomarker survey for DON in a French population, and the first demonstration of urinary DOM-1 in humans. Further investigations into occupational activity, handling, or airborne exposures would be informative.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul C Turner
- Molecular Epidemiology Unit, Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Leeds Institute of Genetics, Health and Therapeutics.
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A case-control study of tobacco use and other non-occupational risk factors for lymphoma subtypes defined by t(14; 18) translocations and bcl-2 expression. Cancer Causes Control 2010; 21:1147-54. [PMID: 20232134 DOI: 10.1007/s10552-010-9531-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2009] [Accepted: 02/25/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We re-evaluated reported associations between tobacco use and other factors and non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) t(14; 18)-subtypes based on fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) assays believed to be more sensitive than polymerase chain reaction (PCR), previously used for detecting t(14; 18). METHODS Commercial FISH assays and bcl-2 immunostaining were performed on paraffin sections to determine t(14; 18) and bcl-2 case-subtypes. Polytomous logistic regression models estimated associations between NHL case-subtypes (versus 1,245 population-based controls) and tobacco use as well as other factors. RESULTS Adjusting for age, state, and proxy status, t(14; 18)-negative NHL was associated with any tobacco use (vs. no tobacco use, OR = 1.9, 95% CI = 1.0-3.5), including current smoking (vs. no cigarette use, OR = 1.9, 95% CI = 1.1-3.2). Tobacco exposures were not clearly associated with t(14; 18)-positive NHL or bcl-2 case-subtypes. Hair-dye use and family history of a hemolymphatic cancer were associated with t(14; 18)-negative NHL, but the number of exposed cases was small. CONCLUSIONS The association between t(14; 18)-negative NHL and cigarette smoking was unexpected given previous evidence of associations between smoking and follicular lymphoma (which is largely t(14; 18)-positive). Future studies characterizing additional molecular characteristics of t(14; 18)-negative NHL may help determine whether the association with smoking may have been causal versus an artifact of chance or bias.
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Agopian J, Navarro JM, Gac AC, Lecluse Y, Briand M, Grenot P, Gauduchon P, Ruminy P, Lebailly P, Nadel B, Roulland S. Agricultural pesticide exposure and the molecular connection to lymphomagenesis. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009; 206:1473-83. [PMID: 19506050 PMCID: PMC2715093 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20082842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
The t(14;18) translocation constitutes the initiating event of a causative cascade leading to follicular lymphoma (FL). t(14;18) translocations are present in blood from healthy individuals, but there is a trend of increased prevalence in farmers exposed to pesticides, a group recently associated with higher risk of t(14;18)+ non-Hodgkin's lymphoma development. A direct connection between agricultural pesticide use, t(14;18) in blood, and malignant progression, however, has not yet been demonstrated. We followed t(14;18) clonal evolution over 9 yr in a cohort of farmers exposed to pesticides. We show that exposed individuals bear particularly high t(14;18) frequencies in blood because of a dramatic clonal expansion of activated t(14;18)+ B cells. We further demonstrate that such t(14;18)+ clones recapitulate the hallmark features of developmentally blocked FL cells, with some displaying aberrant activation-induced cytidine deaminase activity linked to malignant progression. Collectively, our data establish that expanded t(14;18)+ clones constitute bona fide precursors at various stages of FL development, and provide a molecular connection between agricultural pesticide exposure, t(14;18) frequency in blood, and clonal progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie Agopian
- Centre d'Immunologie de Marseille-Luminy, Institut National de Santé et de Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U631, Centre National de Recherche Scientifique UMR6102, Université de Méditerranée, 13288 Marseilles, France
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Lecluse Y, Lebailly P, Roulland S, Gac AC, Nadel B, Gauduchon P. t(11;14)-positive clones can persist over a long period of time in the peripheral blood of healthy individuals. Leukemia 2009; 23:1190-3. [PMID: 19242498 DOI: 10.1038/leu.2009.31] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
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Edwards TM, Myers JP. Environmental exposures and gene regulation in disease etiology. CIENCIA & SAUDE COLETIVA 2009; 13:269-81. [PMID: 18813540 DOI: 10.1590/s1413-81232008000100030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2006] [Accepted: 05/21/2007] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Health or disease is shaped for all individuals by interactions between their genes and environment. Exactly how the environment changes gene expression and how this can lead to disease are being explored in a fruitful new approach to environmental health research, representative studies of which are reviewed here. We searched Web of Science and references of relevant publications to understand the diversity of gene regulatory mechanisms affected by environmental exposures with disease implications. Pharmaceuticals, pesticides, air pollutants, industrial chemicals, heavy metals, hormones, nutrition, and behavior can change gene expression through a broad array of gene regulatory mechanisms. Furthermore, chemically induced changes in gene regulation are associated with serious and complex human diseases, including cancer, diabetes and obesity, infertility, respiratory diseases, allergies, and neurodegenerative disorders such as Parkinson and Alzheimer diseases. The reviewed studies indicate that genetic predisposition for disease is best predicted in the context of environmental exposures. And the genetic mechanisms investigated in these studies offer new avenues for risk assessment research. Finally, we are likely to witness dramatic improvements in human health, and reductions in medical costs, if environmental pollution is decreased.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thea M Edwards
- Department of Zoology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA.
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Rabkin CS, Hirt C, Janz S, Dölken G. t(14;18) Translocations and risk of follicular lymphoma. J Natl Cancer Inst Monogr 2008:48-51. [PMID: 18648003 DOI: 10.1093/jncimonographs/lgn002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The chromosomal translocation t(14;18)(q32;q21) is characteristic of follicular lymphoma and a frequent abnormality in other types of non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL). In healthy individuals, the same translocation may also be found in a small fraction of peripheral blood lymphocytes, the biological significance of which is beginning to be explored. Translocation prevalence and frequency are potential risk factors for developing NHL. Here, we review the published data and describe recent and ongoing work on this promising biomarker. We have a series of studies in four major areas: 1) t(14;18) prevalence and frequency in healthy individuals; 2) maturation of translocation-harboring cells; 3) effect of rituximab treatment on t(14;18) carriage; and 4) predictive and clonotypic relationship between t(14;18) and follicular lymphoma or other NHL. Further studies are warranted to increase understanding of this crucial molecular event in the development of hematopoietic malignancies. Potential applications include determination of elevated risk for lymphoma, early detection of disease, and identification of molecular targets for preventive interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charles S Rabkin
- Viral Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
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48
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Dölken G, Dölken L, Hirt C, Fusch C, Rabkin CS, Schüler F. Age-dependent prevalence and frequency of circulating t(14;18)-positive cells in the peripheral blood of healthy individuals. J Natl Cancer Inst Monogr 2008:44-7. [PMID: 18648002 DOI: 10.1093/jncimonographs/lgn005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Circulating t(14;18)-positive cells were detected by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction on DNA isolated from peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMNCs) from 644 healthy individuals between <1 and 91 years of age. In all, 45% of all samples (287/644) were positive, and 40% of the positive samples (114/287) contained more than one positive clone. The prevalence of t(14;18)-positive cells showed a strong correlation with age. A total of 36 cord blood samples and 48 PBMNCs from children <10 years were negative. The prevalence of circulating positive cells increased from the second to fifth decade of life from 20% to 66% and remained stable thereafter. Also the median frequency of circulating t(14;18)-positive cells as well as the prevalence of multiple clones showed an increase with age. In all, 4% (24/644) of all blood samples contained >1 positive cell in 25,000 cells, a finding restricted to healthy individuals >40 years. These results are discussed in relation to the low incidence of follicular lymphoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gottfried Dölken
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Ernst-Moritz-Arndt-University Greifswald, Germany.
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49
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Chiu BCH, Dave BJ, Ward MH, Fought AJ, Hou L, Jain S, Gapstur S, Evens AM, Zahm SH, Blair A, Weisenburger DD. Dietary factors and risk of t(14;18)-defined subgroups of non-Hodgkin lymphoma. Cancer Causes Control 2008; 19:859-67. [PMID: 18386141 DOI: 10.1007/s10552-008-9148-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2007] [Accepted: 03/14/2008] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the associations between diet and non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) according to t(14;18) status, one of the most common chromosomal abnormalities in NHL, as t(14;18)-positive NHL represents a genetically more homogeneous group than NHL overall. METHODS We determined the presence of the t(14;18)(q32;q21) by fluorescence in situ hybridization in 172 of 175 tumor blocks from a population-based, case-control study conducted in Nebraska during 1983-1986. Information on the frequency of consumption as an adult of 30 food items was derived from the parent case-control study. Dietary factors in 60 t(14;18)-positive and 87 t(14;18)-negative cases were compared with 1,075 controls. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated using polytomous logistic regression. RESULTS The risk of t(14;18)-positive NHL for the highest versus the lowest approximate tertile of intake was elevated for milk (OR = 2.2; 1.0-5.0) and dietary nitrite (OR = 2.8; 1.3-6.1), whereas coffee consumption was inversely associated with risk (OR = 0.4; 0.2-0.7). We also found inverse associations between the intake of fish (OR = 0.5; 0.3-1.0) and carotene (OR = 0.5; 0.2-0.9) and risk of t(14;18)-negative NHL. There was no association between the intake of meats, vegetables, protein, or vitamin C and risk of either t(14;18)-positive or t(14;18)-negative NHL. CONCLUSION We observed differences in associations between diet and t(14;18)-defined subgroups of NHL. These findings should be interpreted cautiously because of the small sample.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian C-H Chiu
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, 680 North Lake Shore Drive, Suite 1102, Chicago, IL 60611-4402, USA.
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Chiu BCH, Lan Q, Dave BJ, Blair A, Zahm SH, Weisenburger DD. The utility of t(14;18) in understanding risk factors for non-Hodgkin lymphoma. J Natl Cancer Inst Monogr 2008; 2008:69-73. [PMID: 18648007 PMCID: PMC2972188 DOI: 10.1093/jncimonographs/lgn018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Characteristic chromosomal abnormalities are associated with specific histological subtypes of non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL). The chromosomal translocation t(14;18)(q32;q21) is one of the most common chromosomal abnormalities in NHL, occurring in 70%-90% of cases of follicular lymphoma, 20%-30% of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, and 5%-10% of other less common subtypes. The t(14;18)-positive NHL may represent a homogenous group and, consequently, increase etiologic specificity in epidemiological studies. Although the t(14;18) has important clinical ramifications, its etiologic significance remains to be determined. Two population-based, case-control studies addressed this issue by evaluating potential risk factors for t(14;18)-positive and t(14;18)-negative subgroups of NHL. Both studies found that the association between pesticide exposures and risk of NHL was largely limited to t(14;18)-positive NHL cases. However, the findings regarding cigarette smoking, family history of hematopoietic cancer, and hair dye use were not entirely consistent. These results indicate that defining subgroups of NHL according to t(14;18) status may be useful for etiologic research, particularly for exposures that are genotoxic or may contribute to the development of NHL through pathways involving the t(14;18). Studies to further evaluate these associations and delineate the effects of various exposures in other genetically defined subgroups of NHL are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian C-H Chiu
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, 680 North Lake Shore Drive, Suite 1102, Chicago, IL 60611, USA.
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