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Mao T, He P, Xu Z, Lai Y, Huang J, Yu Z, Li P, Gong X. Impacts of small-molecule STAT3 inhibitor SC-43 on toxicity, global proteomics and metabolomics of HepG2 cells. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2024; 242:116023. [PMID: 38395000 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2024.116023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Revised: 01/27/2024] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE In this study, we aimed to investigate the cytotoxicity and potential mechanisms of SC-43 by analyzing the global proteomics and metabolomics of HepG2 cells exposed to SC-43. METHODS The effect of SC-43 on cell viability was evaluated through CCK-8 assay. Proteomics and metabolomics studies were performed on HepG2 cells exposed to SC-43, and the functions of differentially expressed proteins and metabolites were categorized. Drug affinity responsive target stability (DARTS) was utilized to identify the potential binding proteins of SC-43 in HepG2 cells. Finally, based on the KEGG pathway database, the co-regulatory mechanism of SC-43 on HepG2 cells was elucidated by conducting a joint pathway analysis on the differentially expressed proteins and metabolites using the MetaboAnalyst 5.0 platform. RESULTS Liver cell viability is significantly impaired by continuous exposure to high concentrations of SC-43. Forty-eight dysregulated proteins (27 upregulated, 21 downregulated) were identified by proteomics analysis, and 184 dysregulated metabolites (65 upregulated, 119 downregulated) were determined by metabolomics in HepG2 cells exposed to SC-43 exposure compared with the control. A joint pathway analysis of proteomics and metabolomics data using the MetaboAnalyst 5.0 platform supported the close correlation between SC-43 toxicity toward HepG2 and the disturbances in pyrimidine metabolism, ferroptosis, mismatch repair, and ABC transporters. Specifically, SC-43 significantly affected the expression of several proteins and metabolites correlated with the above-mentioned functional pathways, such as uridine 5'-monophosphate, uridine, 3'-CMP, glutathione, γ-Glutamylcysteine, TF, MSH2, RPA1, RFC3, TAP1, and glycerol. The differential proteins suggested by the joint analysis were further selected for ELISA validation. The data showed that the RPA1 and TAP1 protein levels significantly increased in HepG2 cells exposed to SC-43 compared to the control group. The results of ELISA and joint analysis were basically in agreement. Notably, DARTS and biochemical analysis indicated that SART3 might be a potential target for SC-43 toxicity in HepG2 cells. CONCLUSION In summary, prolonged exposure of liver cells to high concentrations of SC-43 can result in significant damage. Based on a multi-omics analysis, we identified proteins and metabolites associated with SC-43-induced hepatocellular injury and clarified the underlying mechanism, providing new insights into the toxic mechanism of SC-43.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Mao
- Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Peikun He
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Endogenous Infections, Huazhong University of Science and Technology Union Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen 518052, China
| | - Zhichao Xu
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Endogenous Infections, Huazhong University of Science and Technology Union Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen 518052, China
| | - Yingying Lai
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Endogenous Infections, Huazhong University of Science and Technology Union Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen 518052, China
| | - Jinlian Huang
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Endogenous Infections, Huazhong University of Science and Technology Union Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen 518052, China
| | - Zhijian Yu
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Endogenous Infections, Huazhong University of Science and Technology Union Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen 518052, China
| | - Peiyu Li
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Endogenous Infections, Huazhong University of Science and Technology Union Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen 518052, China.
| | - Xianqiong Gong
- Hepatology Center, Xiamen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Xiamen 361001, China.
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Li Q, Fan J, Zhou Z, Ma Z, Che Z, Wu Y, Yang X, Liang P, Li H. AID-induced CXCL12 upregulation enhances castration-resistant prostate cancer cell metastasis by stabilizing β-catenin expression. iScience 2023; 26:108523. [PMID: 38162032 PMCID: PMC10755053 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.108523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2023] [Revised: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PCa) is one of the most common malignant diseases of urinary system and has poor prognosis after progression to castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC), and increased cytosine methylation heterogeneity is associated with the more aggressive phenotype of PCa cell line. Activation-induced cytidine deaminase (AID) is a multifunctional enzyme and contributes to antibody diversification. However, the dysregulation of AID participates in the progression of multiple diseases and related with certain oncogenes through demethylation. Nevertheless, the role of AID in PCa remains elusive. We observed a significant upregulation of AID expression in PCa samples, which exhibited a negative correlation with E-cadherin expression. Furthermore, AID expression is remarkably higher in CRPC cells than that in HSPC cells, and AID induced the demethylation of CXCL12, which is required to stabilize the Wnt signaling pathway executor β-catenin and EMT procedure. Our study suggests that AID drives CRPC metastasis by demethylation and can be a potential therapeutic target for CRPC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Li
- Department of Urology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
- Department of Urology, TianYou Hospital affiliated to Wuhan University of Science & Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Jinfeng Fan
- Department of Urology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical College, Haikou, Hainan Province, China
| | - Zhiyan Zhou
- Department of Urology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical College, Haikou, Hainan Province, China
| | - Zhe Ma
- The First Hospital of Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhifei Che
- Department of Urology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical College, Haikou, Hainan Province, China
| | - Yaoxi Wu
- Department of Urology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical College, Haikou, Hainan Province, China
| | - Xiangli Yang
- Department of Urology, TianYou Hospital affiliated to Wuhan University of Science & Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Peiyu Liang
- Department of Urology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical College, Haikou, Hainan Province, China
| | - Haoyong Li
- Department of Urology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
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Chen YH, Tsai CH, Chen YY, Wang CC, Wang JH, Hung CH, Kuo YH. Real-world comparison of pembrolizumab and nivolumab in advanced hepatocellular carcinoma. BMC Cancer 2023; 23:810. [PMID: 37644388 PMCID: PMC10463359 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-023-11298-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2023] [Accepted: 08/13/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nivolumab and pembrolizumab have not been directly compared in clinical trials, and the aim of this study is to investigate the efficacy and safety of nivolumab versus pembrolizumab in patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in real-world practice. METHODS We retrospectively reviewed patients with HCC who received intravenous nivolumab or pembrolizumab alone as second-line and later therapy. The objective response was determined according to the Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors criteria version 1.1. Adverse events (AEs) were graded based on the National Cancer Institute Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events, version 5.0. The Kaplan-Meier method was used to analyze progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS). Prognostic values were estimated using hazard ratios with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). RESULTS In total, 120 patients were enrolled, including 95 who received nivolumab and 25 who received pembrolizumab. All patients were staged as Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer stage C, and 29 patients were classified as Child-Pugh classification B (7). The response rate of the pembrolizumab and nivolumab groups were 8.0% and 7.4%, respectively. There was no significant difference in the median PFS between the pembrolizumab and nivolumab groups (2.7 months versus 2.9 months). The median OS in the nivolumab group was longer than that in the pembrolizumab group (10.8 months versus 8.1 months); however, the difference was not statistically significant. The effects of pembrolizumab and nivolumab on the median PFS and OS were consistent across the subgroups based on baseline characteristics. The severity of all AEs was grades 1-2 without treatment interruption or dose adjustment; there was no statistically significant difference in the incidence of treatment-related AEs between these two groups. Additionally, the percentage of patients receiving subsequent therapy was consistent between the two groups. CONCLUSION The efficacy and safety of pembrolizumab and nivolumab were comparable in the management of patients with pretreated HCC in real-world practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yen-Hao Chen
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, No.123, Dapi Rd., Niaosong Dist, 833, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, 333, Taoyuan, Taiwan.
- School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, 402, Taichung, Taiwan.
- Department of nursing, School of nursing, Fooyin University, 831, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
| | - Ching-Hua Tsai
- Division of Trauma Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, 833, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yen-Yang Chen
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, No.123, Dapi Rd., Niaosong Dist, 833, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Chi Wang
- Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, 833, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Jing-Houng Wang
- Division of Hepatogastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, 833, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chao-Hung Hung
- Division of Hepatogastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, 833, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yuan-Hung Kuo
- Division of Hepatogastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, 833, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
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Klapp V, Álvarez-Abril B, Leuzzi G, Kroemer G, Ciccia A, Galluzzi L. The DNA Damage Response and Inflammation in Cancer. Cancer Discov 2023; 13:1521-1545. [PMID: 37026695 DOI: 10.1158/2159-8290.cd-22-1220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Revised: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 04/08/2023]
Abstract
Genomic stability in normal cells is crucial to avoid oncogenesis. Accordingly, multiple components of the DNA damage response (DDR) operate as bona fide tumor suppressor proteins by preserving genomic stability, eliciting the demise of cells with unrepairable DNA lesions, and engaging cell-extrinsic oncosuppression via immunosurveillance. That said, DDR sig-naling can also favor tumor progression and resistance to therapy. Indeed, DDR signaling in cancer cells has been consistently linked to the inhibition of tumor-targeting immune responses. Here, we discuss the complex interactions between the DDR and inflammation in the context of oncogenesis, tumor progression, and response to therapy. SIGNIFICANCE Accumulating preclinical and clinical evidence indicates that DDR is intimately connected to the emission of immunomodulatory signals by normal and malignant cells, as part of a cell-extrinsic program to preserve organismal homeostasis. DDR-driven inflammation, however, can have diametrically opposed effects on tumor-targeting immunity. Understanding the links between the DDR and inflammation in normal and malignant cells may unlock novel immunotherapeutic paradigms to treat cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa Klapp
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York
- Tumor Stroma Interactions, Department of Cancer Research, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Luxembourg, Luxembourg
- Faculty of Science, Technology and Medicine, University of Luxembourg, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - Beatriz Álvarez-Abril
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Hospital Universitario Morales Meseguer, Murcia, Spain
| | - Giuseppe Leuzzi
- Department of Genetics and Development, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York
- Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, New York, New York
- Institute for Cancer Genetics, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Guido Kroemer
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Equipe labellisée par la Ligue contre le Cancer, Université de Paris, Sorbonne Université, Inserm U1138, Institut Universitaire de France, Paris, France
- Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
- Institut du Cancer Paris CARPEM, Department of Biology, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | - Alberto Ciccia
- Department of Genetics and Development, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York
- Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, New York, New York
- Institute for Cancer Genetics, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Lorenzo Galluzzi
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York
- Sandra and Edward Meyer Cancer Center, New York, New York
- Caryl and Israel Englander Institute for Precision Medicine, New York, New York
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5
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Cheng Z, Li L, Zhang Y, Ren Y, Gu J, Wang X, Zhao H, Lu H. HBV-infected hepatocellular carcinoma can be robustly classified into three clinically relevant subgroups by a novel analytical protocol. Brief Bioinform 2023; 24:7025463. [PMID: 36736372 DOI: 10.1093/bib/bbac601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Revised: 11/01/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Liver cancer is the third leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide, and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) accounts for a relatively large proportion of all primary liver malignancies. Among the several known risk factors, hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is one of the important causes of HCC. In this study, we demonstrated that the HBV-infected HCC patients could be robustly classified into three clinically relevant subgroups, i.e. Cluster1, Cluster2 and Cluster3, based on consistent differentially expressed mRNAs and proteins, which showed better generalization. The proposed three subgroups showed different molecular characteristics, immune microenvironment and prognostic survival characteristics. The Cluster1 subgroup had near-normal levels of metabolism-related proteins, low proliferation activity and good immune infiltration, which were associated with its good liver function, smaller tumor size, good prognosis, low alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) levels and lower clinical stage. In contrast, the Cluster3 subgroup had the lowest levels of metabolism-related proteins, which corresponded with its severe liver dysfunction. Also, high proliferation activity and poor immune microenvironment in Cluster3 subgroup were associated with its poor prognosis, larger tumor size, high AFP levels, high incidence of tumor thrombus and higher clinical stage. The characteristics of the Cluster2 subgroup were between the Cluster1 and Cluster3 groups. In addition, MCM2-7, RFC2-5, MSH2, MSH6, SMC2, SMC4, NCPAG and TOP2A proteins were significantly upregulated in the Cluster3 subgroup. Meanwhile, abnormally high phosphorylation levels of these proteins were associated with high levels of DNA repair, telomere maintenance and proliferative features. Therefore, these proteins could be identified as potential diagnostic and prognostic markers. In general, our research provided a novel analytical protocol and insights for the robust classification, treatment and prevention of HBV-infected HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiwei Cheng
- State Key Lab of Microbial Metabolism, Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic Developmental Sciences, Department of Bioinformatics and Biostatistics, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University
- SJTU-Yale Joint Center of Biostatistics and Data Science, National Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University
| | - Leijie Li
- State Key Lab of Microbial Metabolism, Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic Developmental Sciences, Department of Bioinformatics and Biostatistics, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University
- SJTU-Yale Joint Center of Biostatistics and Data Science, National Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University
| | - Yuening Zhang
- State Key Lab of Microbial Metabolism, Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic Developmental Sciences, Department of Bioinformatics and Biostatistics, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University
- SJTU-Yale Joint Center of Biostatistics and Data Science, National Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University
| | - Yongyong Ren
- SJTU-Yale Joint Center of Biostatistics and Data Science, National Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University
| | - Jianlei Gu
- Department of Biostatistics, Yale University, New Haven, CT, United States
| | - Xinbo Wang
- State Key Lab of Microbial Metabolism, Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic Developmental Sciences, Department of Bioinformatics and Biostatistics, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University
- SJTU-Yale Joint Center of Biostatistics and Data Science, National Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University
| | - Hongyu Zhao
- Department of Biostatistics, Yale University, New Haven, CT, United States
| | - Hui Lu
- State Key Lab of Microbial Metabolism, Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic Developmental Sciences, Department of Bioinformatics and Biostatistics, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University
- SJTU-Yale Joint Center of Biostatistics and Data Science, National Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University
- Department of General Surgery, Xinhua Hospital, Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Ma N, Jin A, Sun Y, Jin Y, Sun Y, Xiao Q, Sha X, Yu F, Yang L, Liu W, Gao X, Zhang X, Li L. Comprehensive investigating of MMR gene in hepatocellular carcinoma with chronic hepatitis B virus infection in Han Chinese population. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1124459. [PMID: 37035153 PMCID: PMC10079871 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1124459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2023] [Accepted: 03/09/2023] [Indexed: 04/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma associated with chronic hepatitis B virus infection seriously affects human health. Present studies suggest that genetic susceptibility plays an important role in the mechanism of cancer development. Therefore, this study focused on single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of MMR genes associated with HBV-HCC. Five groups of participants were included in this study, which were healthy control group (HC), spontaneous clearance (SC), chronic hepatitis B group (CHB), HBV-related liver cirrhosis group (LC) and HBV-related hepatocellular carcinoma group (HBV-HCC). A total of 3128 participants met the inclusion and exclusion criteria for this study. 20 polymorphic loci on MSH2, MSH3 and MSH6 were selected for genotyping. There were four case-control studies, which were HC vs. HCC, SC vs. HCC, CHB vs. HCC and LC vs. HCC. We used Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium test, unconditional logistic regression, haplotype analysis, and gene-gene interaction for genetic analysis. Ultimately, after excluding confounding factors such as age, gender, smoking and drinking, 12 polymorphisms were found to be associated with genetic susceptibility to HCC. Haplotype analysis showed the risk haplotype GTTT (rs1805355_G, rs3776968_T, rs1428030_C, rs181747_C) was more frequent in the HCC group compared with the HC group. The GMDR analysis showed that the best interaction model was the three-factor model of MSH2-rs1981928, MSH3-rs26779 and MSH6-rs2348244 in SC vs. HCC group (P=0.001). In addition, we found multiplicative or additive interactions between genes in our selected SNPs. These findings provide new ideas to further explore the etiology and pathogenesis of HCC. We have attempted to explain the molecular mechanisms by which certain SNPs (MSH2-rs4952887, MSH3-rs26779, MSH3-rs181747 and MSH3-rs32950) affect genetic susceptibility to HCC from the perspectives of eQTL, TFBS, cell cycle and so on. We also explained the results of haplotypes and gene-gene interactions. These findings provide new ideas to further explore the etiology and pathogenesis of HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Ma
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Environment and Human Health, Department of Social Medicine and Health Care Management, School of Public Health, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Ao Jin
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Environment and Human Health, Department of Epidemiology and Statistics, School of Public Health, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Yitong Sun
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Environment and Human Health, Department of Epidemiology and Statistics, School of Public Health, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Yiyao Jin
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Environment and Human Health, Department of Epidemiology and Statistics, School of Public Health, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Yucheng Sun
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Environment and Human Health, Department of Epidemiology and Statistics, School of Public Health, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Qian Xiao
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Environment and Human Health, Department of Epidemiology and Statistics, School of Public Health, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - XuanYi Sha
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Environment and Human Health, School of Basic Medicine, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Fengxue Yu
- The Hebei Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Lei Yang
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Environment and Human Health, Department of Epidemiology and Statistics, School of Public Health, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Wenxuan Liu
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Environment and Human Health, Department of Epidemiology and Statistics, School of Public Health, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Xia Gao
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Environment and Human Health, Department of Epidemiology and Statistics, School of Public Health, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Xiaolin Zhang
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Environment and Human Health, Department of Epidemiology and Statistics, School of Public Health, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
- *Correspondence: Xiaolin Zhang, ; Lu Li,
| | - Lu Li
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Environment and Human Health, Department of Social Medicine and Health Care Management, School of Public Health, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
- *Correspondence: Xiaolin Zhang, ; Lu Li,
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Tu T, Alba MM, Datta AA, Hong H, Hua B, Jia Y, Khan J, Nguyen P, Niu X, Pammidimukkala P, Slarve I, Tang Q, Xu C, Zhou Y, Stiles BL. Hepatic macrophage mediated immune response in liver steatosis driven carcinogenesis. Front Oncol 2022; 12:958696. [PMID: 36276076 PMCID: PMC9581256 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.958696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 08/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity confers an independent risk for carcinogenesis. Classically viewed as a genetic disease, owing to the discovery of tumor suppressors and oncogenes, genetic events alone are not sufficient to explain the progression and development of cancers. Tumor development is often associated with metabolic and immunological changes. In particular, obesity is found to significantly increase the mortality rate of liver cancer. As its role is not defined, a fundamental question is whether and how metabolic changes drive the development of cancer. In this review, we will dissect the current literature demonstrating that liver lipid dysfunction is a critical component driving the progression of cancer. We will discuss the involvement of inflammation in lipid dysfunction driven liver cancer development with a focus on the involvement of liver macrophages. We will first discuss the association of steatosis with liver cancer. This will be followed with a literature summary demonstrating the importance of inflammation and particularly macrophages in the progression of liver steatosis and highlighting the evidence that macrophages and macrophage produced inflammatory mediators are critical for liver cancer development. We will then discuss the specific inflammatory mediators and their roles in steatosis driven liver cancer development. Finally, we will summarize the molecular pattern (PAMP and DAMP) as well as lipid particle signals that are involved in the activation, infiltration and reprogramming of liver macrophages. We will also discuss some of the therapies that may interfere with lipid metabolism and also affect liver cancer development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taojian Tu
- Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Mario M. Alba
- Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Aditi A. Datta
- Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Handan Hong
- Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Brittney Hua
- Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Yunyi Jia
- Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Jared Khan
- Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Phillip Nguyen
- Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Xiatoeng Niu
- Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Pranav Pammidimukkala
- Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Ielyzaveta Slarve
- Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Qi Tang
- Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Chenxi Xu
- Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Yiren Zhou
- Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Bangyan L. Stiles
- Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
- Department of Pathology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
- *Correspondence: Bangyan L. Stiles,
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Chen H, Rong Z, Ge L, Yu H, Li C, Xu M, Zhang Z, Lv J, He Y, Li W, Chen L. Leader gene identification for digestive system cancers based on human subcellular location and cancer-related characteristics in protein–protein interaction networks. Front Genet 2022; 13:919210. [PMID: 36226184 PMCID: PMC9548996 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.919210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Stomach, liver, and colon cancers are the most common digestive system cancers leading to mortality. Cancer leader genes were identified in the current study as the genes that contribute to tumor initiation and could shed light on the molecular mechanisms in tumorigenesis. An integrated procedure was proposed to identify cancer leader genes based on subcellular location information and cancer-related characteristics considering the effects of nodes on their neighbors in human protein–protein interaction networks. A total of 69, 43, and 64 leader genes were identified for stomach, liver, and colon cancers, respectively. Furthermore, literature reviews and experimental data including protein expression levels and independent datasets from other databases all verified their association with corresponding cancer types. These final leader genes were expected to be used as diagnostic biomarkers and targets for new treatment strategies. The procedure for identifying cancer leader genes could be expanded to open up a window into the mechanisms, early diagnosis, and treatment of other cancer types.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Wan Li
- *Correspondence: Wan Li, ; Lina Chen,
| | - Lina Chen
- *Correspondence: Wan Li, ; Lina Chen,
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9
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Mutational signatures and processes in hepatobiliary cancers. Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol 2022; 19:367-382. [PMID: 35273358 DOI: 10.1038/s41575-022-00587-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/08/2022]
Abstract
The evolutionary history of hepatobiliary cancers is embedded in their genomes. By analysing their catalogue of somatic mutations and the DNA sequence context in which they occur, it is possible to infer the mechanisms underpinning tumorigenesis. These mutational signatures reflect the exogenous and endogenous origins of genetic damage as well as the capacity of hepatobiliary cells to repair and replicate DNA. Genomic analysis of thousands of patients with hepatobiliary cancers has highlighted the diversity of mutagenic processes active in these malignancies, highlighting a prominent source of the inter-cancer-type, inter-patient, intertumour and intratumoural heterogeneity that is observed clinically. However, a substantial proportion of mutational signatures detected in hepatocellular carcinoma and biliary tract cancer remain of unknown cause, emphasizing the important contribution of processes yet to be identified. Exploiting mutational signatures to retrospectively understand hepatobiliary carcinogenesis could advance preventative management of these aggressive tumours as well as potentially predict treatment response and guide the development of therapies targeting tumour evolution.
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10
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Qi Y, Jin C, Qiu W, Zhao R, Wang S, Li B, Zhang Z, Guo Q, Zhang S, Gao Z, Zhao S, Pan Z, Fan Y, chen Z, Wang H, Xu J, Deng L, Ni S, Wang J, Xue H, Xue F, Li G. The dual role of glioma exosomal microRNAs: glioma eliminates tumor suppressor miR-1298-5p via exosomes to promote immunosuppressive effects of MDSCs. Cell Death Dis 2022; 13:426. [PMID: 35501306 PMCID: PMC9061735 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-022-04872-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2021] [Revised: 04/14/2022] [Accepted: 04/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Clear evidence shows that tumors could secrete microRNAs (miRNAs) via exosomes to modulate the tumor microenvironment (TME). However, the mechanisms sorting specific miRNAs into exosomes are still unclear. In order to study the biological function and characterization of exosomal miRNAs, we performed whole-transcriptome sequencing in 59 patients' whole-course cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) small extracellular vesicles (sEV) and matched glioma tissue samples. The results demonstrate that miRNAs could be divided into exosome-enriched miRNAs (ExomiRNAs) and intracellular-retained miRNAs (CLmiRNAs), and exosome-enriched miRNAs generally play a dual role. Among them, miR-1298-5p was enriched in CSF exosomes and suppressed glioma progression in vitro and vivo experiments. Interestingly, exosomal miR-1298-5p could promote the immunosuppressive effects of myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) to facilitate glioma. Therefore, we found miR-1298-5p had different effects on glioma cells and MDSCs. Mechanically, downstream signaling pathway analyses showed that miR-1298-5p plays distinct roles in glioma cells and MDSCs via targeting SETD7 and MSH2, respectively. Moreover, reverse verification was performed on the intracellular-retained miRNA miR-9-5p. Thus, we confirmed that tumor-suppressive miRNAs in glioma cells could be eliminated through exosomes and target tumor-associated immune cells to induce tumor-promoting phenotypes. Glioma could get double benefit from it. These findings uncover the mechanisms that glioma selectively sorts miRNAs into exosomes and modulates tumor immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanhua Qi
- grid.27255.370000 0004 1761 1174Department of Neurosurgery, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine and Institute of Brain and Brain-Inspired Science, Shandong University, 250012 Jinan, Shandong China ,Shandong Key Laboratory of Brain Function Remodeling, 250012 Jinan, Shandong China
| | - Chuandi Jin
- grid.27255.370000 0004 1761 1174Institute for Medical Dataology of Shandong University, Jinan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wei Qiu
- grid.27255.370000 0004 1761 1174Department of Neurosurgery, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine and Institute of Brain and Brain-Inspired Science, Shandong University, 250012 Jinan, Shandong China ,Shandong Key Laboratory of Brain Function Remodeling, 250012 Jinan, Shandong China
| | - Rongrong Zhao
- grid.27255.370000 0004 1761 1174Department of Neurosurgery, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine and Institute of Brain and Brain-Inspired Science, Shandong University, 250012 Jinan, Shandong China ,Shandong Key Laboratory of Brain Function Remodeling, 250012 Jinan, Shandong China
| | - Shaobo Wang
- grid.27255.370000 0004 1761 1174Department of Neurosurgery, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine and Institute of Brain and Brain-Inspired Science, Shandong University, 250012 Jinan, Shandong China ,Shandong Key Laboratory of Brain Function Remodeling, 250012 Jinan, Shandong China
| | - Boyan Li
- grid.27255.370000 0004 1761 1174Department of Neurosurgery, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine and Institute of Brain and Brain-Inspired Science, Shandong University, 250012 Jinan, Shandong China ,Shandong Key Laboratory of Brain Function Remodeling, 250012 Jinan, Shandong China
| | - Zongpu Zhang
- grid.27255.370000 0004 1761 1174Department of Neurosurgery, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine and Institute of Brain and Brain-Inspired Science, Shandong University, 250012 Jinan, Shandong China ,Shandong Key Laboratory of Brain Function Remodeling, 250012 Jinan, Shandong China
| | - Qindong Guo
- grid.27255.370000 0004 1761 1174Department of Neurosurgery, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine and Institute of Brain and Brain-Inspired Science, Shandong University, 250012 Jinan, Shandong China ,Shandong Key Laboratory of Brain Function Remodeling, 250012 Jinan, Shandong China
| | - Shouji Zhang
- grid.27255.370000 0004 1761 1174Department of Neurosurgery, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine and Institute of Brain and Brain-Inspired Science, Shandong University, 250012 Jinan, Shandong China ,Shandong Key Laboratory of Brain Function Remodeling, 250012 Jinan, Shandong China
| | - Zijie Gao
- grid.27255.370000 0004 1761 1174Department of Neurosurgery, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine and Institute of Brain and Brain-Inspired Science, Shandong University, 250012 Jinan, Shandong China ,Shandong Key Laboratory of Brain Function Remodeling, 250012 Jinan, Shandong China
| | - Shulin Zhao
- grid.27255.370000 0004 1761 1174Department of Neurosurgery, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine and Institute of Brain and Brain-Inspired Science, Shandong University, 250012 Jinan, Shandong China ,Shandong Key Laboratory of Brain Function Remodeling, 250012 Jinan, Shandong China
| | - Ziwen Pan
- grid.27255.370000 0004 1761 1174Department of Neurosurgery, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine and Institute of Brain and Brain-Inspired Science, Shandong University, 250012 Jinan, Shandong China ,Shandong Key Laboratory of Brain Function Remodeling, 250012 Jinan, Shandong China
| | - Yang Fan
- grid.27255.370000 0004 1761 1174Department of Neurosurgery, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine and Institute of Brain and Brain-Inspired Science, Shandong University, 250012 Jinan, Shandong China ,Shandong Key Laboratory of Brain Function Remodeling, 250012 Jinan, Shandong China
| | - Zihang chen
- grid.27255.370000 0004 1761 1174Department of Neurosurgery, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine and Institute of Brain and Brain-Inspired Science, Shandong University, 250012 Jinan, Shandong China ,Shandong Key Laboratory of Brain Function Remodeling, 250012 Jinan, Shandong China
| | - Huizhi Wang
- grid.27255.370000 0004 1761 1174Department of Neurosurgery, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine and Institute of Brain and Brain-Inspired Science, Shandong University, 250012 Jinan, Shandong China ,Shandong Key Laboratory of Brain Function Remodeling, 250012 Jinan, Shandong China
| | - Jianye Xu
- grid.27255.370000 0004 1761 1174Department of Neurosurgery, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine and Institute of Brain and Brain-Inspired Science, Shandong University, 250012 Jinan, Shandong China ,Shandong Key Laboratory of Brain Function Remodeling, 250012 Jinan, Shandong China
| | - Lin Deng
- grid.27255.370000 0004 1761 1174Department of Neurosurgery, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine and Institute of Brain and Brain-Inspired Science, Shandong University, 250012 Jinan, Shandong China ,Shandong Key Laboratory of Brain Function Remodeling, 250012 Jinan, Shandong China
| | - Shilei Ni
- grid.27255.370000 0004 1761 1174Department of Neurosurgery, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine and Institute of Brain and Brain-Inspired Science, Shandong University, 250012 Jinan, Shandong China ,Shandong Key Laboratory of Brain Function Remodeling, 250012 Jinan, Shandong China
| | - Jian Wang
- grid.27255.370000 0004 1761 1174Department of Neurosurgery, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine and Institute of Brain and Brain-Inspired Science, Shandong University, 250012 Jinan, Shandong China ,Shandong Key Laboratory of Brain Function Remodeling, 250012 Jinan, Shandong China ,grid.7914.b0000 0004 1936 7443Department of Biomedicine, University of Bergen, Jonas Lies vei 91, 5009 Bergen, Norway
| | - Hao Xue
- grid.27255.370000 0004 1761 1174Department of Neurosurgery, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine and Institute of Brain and Brain-Inspired Science, Shandong University, 250012 Jinan, Shandong China ,Shandong Key Laboratory of Brain Function Remodeling, 250012 Jinan, Shandong China ,grid.27255.370000 0004 1761 1174Institute for Medical Dataology of Shandong University, Jinan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Fuzhong Xue
- grid.27255.370000 0004 1761 1174Institute for Medical Dataology of Shandong University, Jinan, People’s Republic of China ,grid.27255.370000 0004 1761 1174Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province People’s Republic of China
| | - Gang Li
- grid.27255.370000 0004 1761 1174Department of Neurosurgery, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine and Institute of Brain and Brain-Inspired Science, Shandong University, 250012 Jinan, Shandong China ,grid.27255.370000 0004 1761 1174Institute for Medical Dataology of Shandong University, Jinan, People’s Republic of China
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11
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Mukai S, Kanzaki H, Ogasawara S, Ishino T, Ogawa K, Nakagawa M, Fujiwara K, Unozawa H, Iwanaga T, Sakuma T, Fujita N, Koroki K, Kobayashi K, Kanogawa N, Kiyono S, Nakamura M, Kondo T, Saito T, Nakagawa R, Suzuki E, Ooka Y, Muroyama R, Nakamoto S, Tawada A, Chiba T, Arai M, Kato J, Shiina M, Ota M, Ikeda JI, Takiguchi Y, Ohtsuka M, Kato N. Exploring microsatellite instability in patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma and its tumor microenvironment. JGH Open 2021; 5:1266-1274. [PMID: 34816012 PMCID: PMC8593775 DOI: 10.1002/jgh3.12660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2021] [Revised: 08/31/2021] [Accepted: 09/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Background and Aim Immune checkpoint inhibitors and their combination with other agents have recently been available in advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Hence, a thorough understanding of the tumor microenvironment based on tumor samples is yet to be achieved. This study aimed to explore the tumor microenvironment in advanced HCC in terms of microsatellite instability‐high (MSI‐H) by using tumor samples from advanced HCC patients eligible for systemic therapy. Methods MSI‐H was assessed by polymerase chain reaction, and the expression of mismatch repair proteins, PD‐L1, CD8, VEGF, and HLA‐class1 was evaluated by immunohistochemistry. Whole‐exome sequencing was performed for MSI‐H tumor samples. Results Of 50 patients, one (2.0%) was confirmed with MSI‐H. In the MSI‐H advanced HCC tumor, a high tumor mutation burden, infiltration of CD8+ lymphocytes, and low expression of VEGF were identified. Although PD‐L1 expression was negative, there was shrinkage of tumor following pembrolizumab. However, another tumor nonresponsive to pembrolizumab was present simultaneously. Checking the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database, we found a similar case to this patient. The TCGA case had unique gene features of miR‐21 and miR‐155 overexpression and hypermethylation of the MSH2 gene. Conclusion We identified a very small number of MSI‐H cases in HCC using one tumor biopsy sample for each patient with advanced HCC. In addition, epigenetic aberrations possibly lead to MSI‐H in HCC patients. Since different HCC clones might coexist in the liver, sampling from multiple tumors should be considered to clarify the true proportion of MSI‐H in HCC and to analyze tumor microenvironments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shohei Mukai
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine Chiba University Chiba Japan
| | - Hiroaki Kanzaki
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine Chiba University Chiba Japan
| | - Sadahisa Ogasawara
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine Chiba University Chiba Japan.,Translational Research and Development Center Chiba University Hospital Chiba Japan
| | - Takamasa Ishino
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine Chiba University Chiba Japan
| | - Keita Ogawa
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine Chiba University Chiba Japan
| | - Miyuki Nakagawa
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine Chiba University Chiba Japan
| | - Kisako Fujiwara
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine Chiba University Chiba Japan
| | - Hidemi Unozawa
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine Chiba University Chiba Japan
| | - Terunao Iwanaga
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine Chiba University Chiba Japan
| | - Takafumi Sakuma
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine Chiba University Chiba Japan
| | - Naoto Fujita
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine Chiba University Chiba Japan
| | - Keisuke Koroki
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine Chiba University Chiba Japan
| | - Kazufumi Kobayashi
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine Chiba University Chiba Japan.,Translational Research and Development Center Chiba University Hospital Chiba Japan
| | - Naoya Kanogawa
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine Chiba University Chiba Japan
| | - Soichiro Kiyono
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine Chiba University Chiba Japan
| | - Masato Nakamura
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine Chiba University Chiba Japan
| | - Takayuki Kondo
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine Chiba University Chiba Japan
| | - Tomoko Saito
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine Chiba University Chiba Japan
| | - Ryo Nakagawa
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine Chiba University Chiba Japan
| | - Eiichiro Suzuki
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine Chiba University Chiba Japan
| | - Yoshihiko Ooka
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine Chiba University Chiba Japan
| | - Ryosuke Muroyama
- Department of Molecular Virology, Graduate School of Medicine Chiba University Chiba Japan
| | - Shingo Nakamoto
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine Chiba University Chiba Japan
| | - Akinobu Tawada
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine Chiba University Chiba Japan.,Department of Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine Chiba University Chiba Japan
| | - Tetsuhiro Chiba
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine Chiba University Chiba Japan
| | - Makoto Arai
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine Chiba University Chiba Japan.,Department of Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine Chiba University Chiba Japan
| | - Jun Kato
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine Chiba University Chiba Japan
| | - Manayu Shiina
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Graduate School of Medicine Chiba University Chiba Japan
| | - Masayuki Ota
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Graduate School of Medicine Chiba University Chiba Japan
| | - Jun-Ichiro Ikeda
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Graduate School of Medicine Chiba University Chiba Japan
| | - Yuichi Takiguchi
- Department of Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine Chiba University Chiba Japan
| | - Masayuki Ohtsuka
- Department of General Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine Chiba University Chiba Japan
| | - Naoya Kato
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine Chiba University Chiba Japan
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12
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Li S, Shi B, Liu X, An HX. Acetylation and Deacetylation of DNA Repair Proteins in Cancers. Front Oncol 2020; 10:573502. [PMID: 33194676 PMCID: PMC7642810 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.573502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2020] [Accepted: 09/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Hundreds of DNA repair proteins coordinate together to remove the diverse damages for ensuring the genomic integrity and stability. The repair system is an extensive network mainly encompassing cell cycle arrest, chromatin remodeling, various repair pathways, and new DNA fragment synthesis. Acetylation on DNA repair proteins is a dynamic epigenetic modification orchestrated by lysine acetyltransferases (HATs) and lysine deacetylases (HDACs), which dramatically affects the protein functions through multiple mechanisms, such as regulation of DNA binding ability, protein activity, post-translational modification (PTM) crosstalk, and protein–protein interaction. Accumulating evidence has indicated that the aberrant acetylation of DNA repair proteins contributes to the dysfunction of DNA repair ability, the pathogenesis and progress of cancer, as well as the chemosensitivity of cancer cells. In the present scenario, targeting epigenetic therapy is being considered as a promising method at par with the conventional cancer therapeutic strategies. This present article provides an overview of the recent progress in the functions and mechanisms of acetylation on DNA repair proteins involved in five major repair pathways, which warrants the possibility of regulating acetylation on repair proteins as a therapeutic target in cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiqin Li
- Department of Medical Oncology, Xiang'an Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Bingbing Shi
- Department of Medical Oncology, Xiang'an Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Xinli Liu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Xiang'an Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Han-Xiang An
- Department of Medical Oncology, Xiang'an Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
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13
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Matsumori T, Kodama Y, Takai A, Shiokawa M, Nishikawa Y, Matsumoto T, Takeda H, Marui S, Okada H, Hirano T, Kuwada T, Sogabe Y, Kakiuchi N, Tomono T, Mima A, Morita T, Ueda T, Tsuda M, Yamauchi Y, Kuriyama K, Sakuma Y, Ota Y, Maruno T, Uza N, Marusawa H, Kageyama R, Chiba T, Seno H. Hes1 Is Essential in Proliferating Ductal Cell-Mediated Development of Intrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma. Cancer Res 2020; 80:5305-5316. [PMID: 33067264 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-20-1161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2020] [Revised: 08/11/2020] [Accepted: 10/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) is frequently driven by aberrant KRAS activation and develops in the liver with chronic inflammation. Although the Notch signaling pathway is critically involved in ICC development, detailed mechanisms of Notch-driven ICC development are still unknown. Here, we use mice whose Notch signaling is genetically engineered to show that the Notch signaling pathway, specifically the Notch/Hes1 axis, plays an essential role in expanding ductular cells in the liver with chronic inflammation or oncogenic Kras activation. Activation of Notch1 enhanced the development of proliferating ductal cells (PDC) in injured livers, while depletion of Hes1 led to suppression. In correlation with PDC expansion, ICC development was also regulated by the Notch/Hes1 axis and suppressed by Hes1 depletion. Lineage-tracing experiments using EpcamcreERT2 mice further confirmed that Hes1 plays a critical role in the induction of PDC and that ICC could originate from PDC. Analysis of human ICC specimens showed PDC in nonneoplastic background tissues, confirming HES1 expression in both PDC and ICC tumor cells. Our findings provide novel direct experimental evidence that Hes1 plays an essential role in the development of ICC via PDC. SIGNIFICANCE: This study contributes to the identification of the cells of origin that initiate ICC and suggests that HES1 may represent a therapeutic target in ICC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoaki Matsumori
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yuzo Kodama
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan. .,Department of Gastroenterology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Atsushi Takai
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Masahiro Shiokawa
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Nishikawa
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Tomonori Matsumoto
- Oregon Stem Cell Center, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon
| | - Haruhiko Takeda
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Saiko Marui
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Hirokazu Okada
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Tomonori Hirano
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Takeshi Kuwada
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yuko Sogabe
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Nobuyuki Kakiuchi
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Teruko Tomono
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Atsushi Mima
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Toshihiro Morita
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Tatsuki Ueda
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Motoyuki Tsuda
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yuki Yamauchi
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Katsutoshi Kuriyama
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yojiro Sakuma
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yuji Ota
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Takahisa Maruno
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Norimitsu Uza
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Marusawa
- Department of Gastroenterology, Japanese Red Cross Hospital Osaka, Osaka, Japan
| | - Ryoichiro Kageyama
- Institute for Frontier Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Shogoin-Kawahara, Sakyo-Ku, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Tsutomu Chiba
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan.,Kansai Electric Power Hospital, Osaka, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Seno
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
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14
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Eso Y, Seno H. Current status of treatment with immune checkpoint inhibitors for gastrointestinal, hepatobiliary, and pancreatic cancers. Therap Adv Gastroenterol 2020; 13:1756284820948773. [PMID: 32913444 PMCID: PMC7443993 DOI: 10.1177/1756284820948773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2019] [Accepted: 07/16/2020] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The development of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) targeting cytotoxic T lymphocyte antigen 4 (CTLA-4), programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1), or programmed cell death protein ligand 1 (PD-L1) has revolutionized the treatment strategy in various types of cancers. In addition, recent studies have revealed that tumor microsatellite instability (MSI) status and tumor mutation burden (TMB) contribute significantly to the therapeutic response to anti-PD-1 monoclonal antibody (mAb), which led to an accelerated approval to pembrolizumab for the treatment of MSI-high or mismatch-repair-deficient solid tumors after conventional chemotherapies in 2017 and for the treatment of TMB-high solid tumors in 2020 by the United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA). In the field of gastrointestinal cancers, many clinical trials evaluating the safety and efficacy of various regimens such as ICI monotherapy, the combination of anti-CTLA-4 mAb and anti-PD-1/PD-L1 mAb, and combination of ICI and conventional chemotherapy or tyrosine kinase inhibitor have been reported or are in progress. This review summarizes MSI status and TMB in gastrointestinal, hepatobiliary, and pancreatic cancers, and provides the results of most relevant clinical trials evaluating ICIs. We also discuss the development of biomarkers required for improving the selection of patients with a high probability of benefiting from treatment with ICIs, and potential therapeutic strategies that could help to enhance anticancer responses of ICIs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hiroshi Seno
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology,
Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
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15
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Liu Y, Chen L, Zhang S, Shu Y, Qi Q, Zhu M, Peng Y, Ling Y. Somatic mutations in genes associated with mismatch repair predict survival in patients with metastatic cancer receiving immune checkpoint inhibitors. Oncol Lett 2020; 20:27. [PMID: 32774500 PMCID: PMC7405634 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2020.11888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2019] [Accepted: 06/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have emerged as one of the most promising therapeutic options for patients with advanced cancer. The aim of the present study was to investigate the prognostic value of somatic mutations in mismatch repair (MMR) genes in metastatic cancers after ICI treatment, as well as their association with tumor mutational burden (TMB). Information regarding gene mutations in mismatch repair and the survival time of patients with advanced cancer following ICI treatment was collected from the cBioPortal database. The prognostic value of somatic mutations in MMR genes and the association between the mutation status and TMB score were analyzed among multiple types of cancer. Somatic mutation frequency in the MMR genes was identified to be 7% among all patients, which varied across different types of cancer. Somatic mutations in the MMR genes were associated with improved overall survival time in all tested patients (P=0.004). Following stratification by type of ICI treatment, a significant association was observed between somatic mutations in the MMR genes and overall survival time in patients treated with cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein 4 inhibitors (P=0.01). In addition, marked but non-significant association between somatic mutations in the MMR genes and overall survival time was revealed in patients administered with programmed death-1/programmed death-ligand-1 inhibitors (P=0.09). Multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression analysis demonstrated that somatic mutations in MMR genes were significantly associated with overall survival time (hazard ratio, 0.683; 95% confidence interval, 0.497-0.938; P=0.01). Patients with somatic mutations in the MMR genes demonstrated higher TMB compared with those not harboring mutations (P<0.01). The results of the present study suggested that somatic mutations in the MMR genes may be used as a prognostic marker of a positive outcome in patients with metastatic cancer receiving ICI treatment, since somatic mutations in the MMR genes may be one of the main factors affecting the tumor mutation load.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongping Liu
- Clinical Oncology Laboratory, Changzhou Tumor Hospital Affiliated to Soochow University, Changzhou, Jiangsu 213032, P.R. China.,Department of Oncology, Changzhou Tumor Hospital Affiliated to Soochow University, Changzhou, Jiangsu 213032, P.R. China.,Central Laboratory, Changzhou Tumor Hospital Affiliated to Soochow University, Changzhou, Jiangsu 213032, P.R. China
| | - Lin Chen
- Central Laboratory, Changzhou Tumor Hospital Affiliated to Soochow University, Changzhou, Jiangsu 213032, P.R. China.,Department of Clinical Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, Jiangsu 213003, P.R. China
| | - Shenli Zhang
- Central Laboratory, Changzhou Tumor Hospital Affiliated to Soochow University, Changzhou, Jiangsu 213032, P.R. China.,Department of Clinical Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, Jiangsu 213003, P.R. China
| | - Yimei Shu
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, P.R. China
| | - Qiufeng Qi
- Clinical Oncology Laboratory, Changzhou Tumor Hospital Affiliated to Soochow University, Changzhou, Jiangsu 213032, P.R. China.,Central Laboratory, Changzhou Tumor Hospital Affiliated to Soochow University, Changzhou, Jiangsu 213032, P.R. China
| | - Ming Zhu
- Clinical Oncology Laboratory, Changzhou Tumor Hospital Affiliated to Soochow University, Changzhou, Jiangsu 213032, P.R. China.,Central Laboratory, Changzhou Tumor Hospital Affiliated to Soochow University, Changzhou, Jiangsu 213032, P.R. China
| | - Yun Peng
- Clinical Oncology Laboratory, Changzhou Tumor Hospital Affiliated to Soochow University, Changzhou, Jiangsu 213032, P.R. China.,Central Laboratory, Changzhou Tumor Hospital Affiliated to Soochow University, Changzhou, Jiangsu 213032, P.R. China
| | - Yang Ling
- Clinical Oncology Laboratory, Changzhou Tumor Hospital Affiliated to Soochow University, Changzhou, Jiangsu 213032, P.R. China.,Department of Oncology, Changzhou Tumor Hospital Affiliated to Soochow University, Changzhou, Jiangsu 213032, P.R. China
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16
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Serological Biomarkers for Early Detection of Hepatocellular Carcinoma: A Focus on Autoantibodies against Tumor-Associated Antigens Encoded by Cancer Driver Genes. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12051271. [PMID: 32443439 PMCID: PMC7280966 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12051271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2020] [Revised: 05/04/2020] [Accepted: 05/13/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Substantial evidence manifests the occurrence of autoantibodies to tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) in the early stage of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), and previous studies have mainly focused on known TAAs. In the present study, protein microarrays based on cancer driver genes were customized to screen TAAs. Subsequently, autoantibodies against selected TAAs in sera were tested by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA) in 1175 subjects of three independent datasets (verification dataset, training dataset, and validation dataset). The verification dataset was used to verify the results from the microarrays. A logistic regression model was constructed within the training dataset; seven TAAs were included in the model and yielded an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) of 0.831. The validation dataset further evaluated the model, exhibiting an AUC of 0.789. Remarkably, as the aggravation of HCC increased, the prediction probability (PP) of the model tended to decrease, the trend of which was contrary to alpha-fetoprotein (AFP). For AFP-negative HCC patients, the positive rate of this model reached 67.3% in the training dataset and 50.9% in the validation dataset. Screening TAAs with protein microarrays based on cancer driver genes is the latest, fast, and effective method for finding indicators of HCC. The identified anti-TAA autoantibodies can be potential biomarkers in the early detection of HCC.
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17
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Eso Y, Shimizu T, Takeda H, Takai A, Marusawa H. Microsatellite instability and immune checkpoint inhibitors: toward precision medicine against gastrointestinal and hepatobiliary cancers. J Gastroenterol 2020; 55:15-26. [PMID: 31494725 PMCID: PMC6942585 DOI: 10.1007/s00535-019-01620-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2019] [Accepted: 08/23/2019] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Recent innovations in the next-generation sequencing technologies have unveiled that the accumulation of genetic alterations results in the transformation of normal cells into cancer cells. Accurate and timely repair of DNA is, therefore, essential for maintaining genetic stability. Among various DNA repair pathways, the mismatch repair (MMR) pathway plays a pivotal role. MMR deficiency leads to a molecular feature of microsatellite instability (MSI) and predisposes to cancer. Recent studies revealed that MSI-high (MSI-H) or mismatch repair-deficient (dMMR) tumors, regardless of their primary site, have a promising response to immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), leading to the approval of the anti-programmed cell death protein 1 monoclonal antibody pembrolizumab for the treatment of advanced or recurrent MSI-H/dMMR solid tumors that continue to progress after conventional chemotherapies. This new indication marks a paradigm shift in the therapeutic strategy of cancers; however, when considering the optimum indication for ICIs and their safe and effective usage, it is important for clinicians to understand the genetic and immunologic features of each tumor. In this review, we describe the molecular basis of the MMR pathway, diagnostics of MSI status, and the clinical importance of MSI status and the tumor mutation burden in developing therapeutic strategies against gastrointestinal and hepatobiliary malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuji Eso
- grid.258799.80000 0004 0372 2033Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, 54 Shogoin-Kawaharacho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 6068507 Japan
| | - Takahiro Shimizu
- grid.258799.80000 0004 0372 2033Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, 54 Shogoin-Kawaharacho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 6068507 Japan
| | - Haruhiko Takeda
- grid.258799.80000 0004 0372 2033Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, 54 Shogoin-Kawaharacho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 6068507 Japan
| | - Atsushi Takai
- grid.258799.80000 0004 0372 2033Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, 54 Shogoin-Kawaharacho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 6068507 Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Marusawa
- grid.417000.20000 0004 1764 7409Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Osaka Red Cross Hospital, 5-30 Fudegasaki-cho, Tennoji-ku, Osaka, 5438555 Japan
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18
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Molecular Modifiers of Hormone Receptor Action: Decreased Androgen Receptor Expression in Mismatch Repair Deficient Endometrial Endometrioid Adenocarcinoma. Int J Gynecol Pathol 2019; 38:44-51. [PMID: 29210800 DOI: 10.1097/pgp.0000000000000465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Endometrial endometrioid carcinoma is related to estrogen excess and expression of estrogen and progesterone receptors. Epidemiological evidence suggests that exposure to elevated androgens, as in polycystic ovarian syndrome, increases the risk of endometrial cancer. Factors impacting androgen receptor (AR) expression are not well studied. Mismatch repair (MMR) deficiency due to MLH1 gene methylation is one of the most common molecular alterations in endometrial cancer, occurring in 15% to 20% of cases. MLH1 methylation can be associated with decreased expression of other genes, so we examined the effect of MMR status on AR expression. As NF-κB is known to induce AR, this transcription factor was also examined. Three hundred forty-four unselected endometrial carcinomas were evaluated for DNA MMR. Loss of expression of MLH1 with MLH1 methylation was defined as MMR deficient, and positive expression of MMR proteins was defined as MMR intact. A case-control cohort of 96 grade 2 endometrioid carcinomas was studied from this set (47 MMR deficient, 49 MMR intact). Cases were matched for histotype, grade, and age. AR and NF-κB immunohistochemical expression were evaluated by 2 different scoring systems (CAP/ASCO and Allred) used for estrogen receptor. Despite higher levels of NF-κB, MMR deficiency was associated with a significantly lower mean percentage of AR expression. The MMR deficient group had more variable AR expression, with more cases scoring on the lower end of the spectrum. These findings have implications for clinical trials of AR antagonists in gynecologic cancers.
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19
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Zhu X, Wang Z, Qiu X, Wang W, Bei C, Tan C, Qin L, Ren Y, Tan S. Rs2303428 of MSH2 Is Associated with Hepatocellular Carcinoma Prognosis in a Chinese Population. DNA Cell Biol 2018; 37:634-641. [PMID: 29874113 DOI: 10.1089/dna.2018.4224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The defects of DNA repair genes may lead to genomic instability and cancer. As an important DNA mismatch repair gene that maintains genomic stability from DNA replication errors, genetic variants of mutS homolog 2 (MSH2) are associated with some cancers. In this study, 1021 hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cases and 1021 non-HCC controls from Guangxi were included to explore the association between MSH2 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and HCC. Among the eight MSH2 SNPs, only genotype distribution of rs2303428 was significantly different from HCC and non-HCC patients (p < 0.05). Moreover, CT, TT, and CT/TT genotype of rs2303428 could increase HCC risk [OR (95% CI) = 1.758 (1.195-2.657), 1.846 (1.213-2.896), and 1.823 (1.219-2.763), respectively] and decrease the survival time of HCC patients [codominant, HR (95% CI) = 1.267 (1.046-1.535); dominant, HR (95% CI) = 1.675 (1.162-2.414)]. In addition, rs2303428 was found to interact with HBV infection and family history to increase HCC risk by gene-environment analysis (p < 0.05). Finally, multivariate COX regression analysis showed that rs2303428, tumor number, tumor staging, and metastasis had a significant influence on HCC prognosis. Our results provide MSH2 SNP, rs2303428, as a new prognostic biomarker for HCC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaonian Zhu
- 1 Department of Epidemiology and Statistics, School of Public Health, Guilin Medical University , Guilin, China
| | - Zhigang Wang
- 1 Department of Epidemiology and Statistics, School of Public Health, Guilin Medical University , Guilin, China
| | - Xiaoqiang Qiu
- 2 Department of Epidemiology and Statistics, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University , Nanning, China
| | - Weiwei Wang
- 3 Department of Liver Transplantation, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University , Zhengzhou, China
| | - Chunhua Bei
- 1 Department of Epidemiology and Statistics, School of Public Health, Guilin Medical University , Guilin, China
| | - Chao Tan
- 1 Department of Epidemiology and Statistics, School of Public Health, Guilin Medical University , Guilin, China
| | - Linyuan Qin
- 1 Department of Epidemiology and Statistics, School of Public Health, Guilin Medical University , Guilin, China
| | - Yuan Ren
- 1 Department of Epidemiology and Statistics, School of Public Health, Guilin Medical University , Guilin, China
| | - Shengkui Tan
- 1 Department of Epidemiology and Statistics, School of Public Health, Guilin Medical University , Guilin, China
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20
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Zuo X, Li M, Yang Y, Liang T, Yang H, Zhao X, Yang D. Interleukin gene polymorphisms in Chinese Han population with breast cancer, a case-control study. Oncotarget 2017; 9:17994-18001. [PMID: 29719585 PMCID: PMC5915052 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.23157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2017] [Accepted: 11/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Cytokines are known as important regulators of the cancer involved in inflammatory and immunological responses. This fact and plethora of gene polymorphism data prompted us to investigate IL1 gene polymorphisms in breast cancer (BC) patients. Totally, 530 patients with BC and 628 healthy control women were studied. The genetic polymorphisms for IL1 were analyzed by Massarray Sequencing method. Three single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) identified in IL1B, IL1R1 gene are thought to influence breast cancer risk. The results of the association between IL-1B, IL1R1 polymorphisms and breast cancer risk have significant. We found that the variant TT genotype of rs10490571 was associated with a significantly increased breast cancer risk (TT vs. CC: OR = 2.82, 95% CI = 1.12–7.08, P = 0.047 for the codominant model). For rs16944 (AG vs. GG: OR = 0.60, 95% CI = 0.41–0.90, P = 0.034 for the codominant model) and rs1143623 (CG vs. CC: OR = 0.65, 95% CI = 0.45–0.94, P = 0.023 for the codominant model) have significant associations were found in genetic models. In conclusion, the present analysis suggests a correlation of polymorphic markers within the IL-1 gene locus with the risk in developing breast cancer. Taken together with our finding that IL1B, IL1R1 gene three SNP are also associated with the risk for the disease, we suggest that inflammation via innate and adaptive immunity contributes to multifactorial hereditary predisposition to pathogenesis of the breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxiao Zuo
- Department of Radiation Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province 450000, People's Republic of China
| | - Miao Li
- Department of Internal Medicine Oncology, The Fifth People's Hospital of Qinghai Province, Xining, Qinghai 810007, China
| | - Ya Yang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province 450000, People's Republic of China
| | - Tiansong Liang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province 450000, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongyao Yang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province 450000, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinhan Zhao
- Department of Internal Medicine Oncology, The Fifth People's Hospital of Qinghai Province, Xining, Qinghai 810007, China
| | - Daoke Yang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province 450000, People's Republic of China
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21
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Matsumoto T, Takai A, Eso Y, Kinoshita K, Manabe T, Seno H, Chiba T, Marusawa H. Proliferating EpCAM-Positive Ductal Cells in the Inflamed Liver Give Rise to Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Cancer Res 2017; 77:6131-6143. [PMID: 28951464 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-17-1800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2017] [Revised: 08/11/2017] [Accepted: 09/22/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) originates from regenerating liver cells with genetic alterations in chronically inflamed liver. Ductal cells and hepatocytes proliferate for liver regeneration, and proliferating ductal cells (PDC) derived from bile ductules have long been considered putative liver stem/progenitor cells and candidate cellular origins of HCC. The potential of PDC as tumor-originating cells, however, remains controversial in contrast to accumulating evidence that HCC originates from hepatocytes. Here, we demonstrate that PDCs expressing the established surface and cancer stem cell marker EpCAM give rise to HCC in inflamed liver. EpCAM-expressing PDCs were specifically labeled in newly developed EpcamCreERT2 mice and traced in a chemically induced liver injury model. Stepwise accumulation of genetic alterations in EpCAM-positive cells was induced by the mutagenesis activity of activation-induced cytidine deaminase using conditional transgenic mice. Lineage-tracing experiments revealed that labeled PDC differentiated into cholangiocytes, but not into hepatocytes, in the chemically damaged liver. Nevertheless, EpCAM-positive PDC with genetic alterations gave rise to HCC after 8 months of chemical administration. PDC-derived HCC showed histologic characteristics of concomitant ductule-like structures resembling human cholangiolocellular carcinoma (CLC) and exhibited serial transitions from PDC-like CLC cells to hepatocyte-like HCC cells. The Wnt signaling pathway was specifically upregulated in the CLC components of PDC-derived HCC. Our findings provide direct experimental evidence that EpCAM-expressing PDC could be a cellular origin of HCC, suggesting the existence of stem/progenitor-derived hepatocarcinogenesis. Cancer Res; 77(22); 6131-43. ©2017 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomonori Matsumoto
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Atsushi Takai
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yuji Eso
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Kazuo Kinoshita
- Evolutionary Medicine, Shiga Medical Center Research Institute, Shiga, Japan
| | - Toshiaki Manabe
- Division of Pathology, Shiga Medical Center Research Institute, Shiga, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Seno
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Tsutomu Chiba
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan.,Kansai Electric Power Hospital, Osaka, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Marusawa
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan.
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22
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Abstract
Helicobacter pylori infection is the most important cause of human gastric cancer worldwide. Gastric cancer develops over a long time after H. pylori infection via stepwise accumulation of genetic alterations and positive selection of cells with growth advantages. H. pylori itself and the resultant chronic inflammation lead to the emergence of genetic alterations in gastric epithelial cells via increased susceptibility of these cells to DNA damage. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS) in inflammatory and gastric epithelial cells, as well as the expression of cytidine deaminase in gastric epithelial cells, may link H. pylori-related inflammation and DNA damage. Recent comprehensive analyses of gastric cancer genomes provide clues for the possible molecular mechanisms of gastric carcinogenesis. In this chapter, we describe how genetic alterations emerge during gastric carcinogenesis related to H. pylori infection.
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23
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Genetic basis of hepatitis virus-associated hepatocellular carcinoma: linkage between infection, inflammation, and tumorigenesis. J Gastroenterol 2017; 52:26-38. [PMID: 27714455 DOI: 10.1007/s00535-016-1273-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2016] [Accepted: 09/23/2016] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Hepatitis virus infection is a leading cause of chronic liver disease, including cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Although anti-viral therapies against hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) have dramatically progressed during the past decade, the estimated number of people chronically infected with HBV and/or HCV is ~370 million, and hepatitis virus-associated hepatocarcinogenesis is a serious health concern worldwide. Understanding the mechanism of virus-associated carcinogenesis is crucial toward both treatment and prevention, and the recently developed whole genome/exome sequencing analysis using next-generation sequencing technologies has contributed to unveiling the landscape of genetic and epigenetic aberrations in not only tumor tissues but also the background liver tissues underlying chronic liver damage caused by hepatitis virus infection. Several major mechanisms underlie the genetic and epigenetic aberrations in the hepatitis virus-infected liver, such as the generation of reactive oxidative stress, ectopic expression of DNA mutator enzymes, and dysfunction of the DNA repair system. In addition, direct oncogenic effects of hepatitis virus, represented by the integration of HBV-DNA, are observed in infected hepatocytes. Elucidating the whole picture of genetic and epigenetic alterations, as well as the mechanisms of tumorigenesis, will facilitate the development of efficient treatment and prevention strategies for hepatitis virus-associated HCC.
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