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Marsters CM, Bakal JA, Lam GY, McAlister FA, Power C. Increased frequency and mortality in persons with neurological disorders during COVID-19. Brain 2024:awae117. [PMID: 38641563 DOI: 10.1093/brain/awae117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/17/2024] [Indexed: 04/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Determining the frequency and outcomes of neurological disorders associated with COVID-19 is imperative for understanding risks as well as recognition of emerging neurological disorders. We investigated the susceptibility and impact of SARS-CoV-2 infection among persons with premorbid neurological disorder rs, as well as the post-infection incidence of neurological sequelae in a case-control population-based cohort. Using health service data collected from March 1, 2020, to June 30, 2021, we constructed a cohort of SARS-CoV-2 RNA-positive (n=177,892) and -negative (n=177,800) adults who were age-, sex-, and comorbidity-matched and underwent RT- PCR testing at similar times. COVID-19 associated mortality rates were examined within the cohort. Neurological sequelae were analysed during the acute (less than three months) and the post-acute (three to nine months) phases post-infection. The risk of death was significantly greater in the SARS-CoV-2 RNA-positive (2,140 per 100,000 person years) compared to RNA-negative (922 per 100,000 person years) over a follow-up of 9 months, particularly amongst those with premorbid neurological disorders: adjusted odds ratios (aOR, 95% CI) in persons with a prior history of parkinsonism (1·65, 1·15-2·37), dementia (1·30, 1·11-1·52), seizures (1·91, 1·26-2·87), encephalopathy (1·82, 1·02-3·23), and stroke (1·74, 1·05-2·86). There was also a significantly increased risk for diagnosis of new neurological sequelae during the acute time phase after COVID-19 including encephalopathy (2·0, 1·10-3·64), dementia (1·36, 1·07-1·73), seizure (1·77, 1·22-2·56), and brain fog (1·96, 1·20-3·20). These risks persisted into the post-acute phase after COVID-19 during which inflammatory myopathy (2·57, 1·07-6·15) and coma (1·87, 1·22-2·87) also became significantly increased. Thus, persons with SARS-CoV-2 infection and premorbid neurological disorders are at greater risk of death while SARS-CoV-2 infection was complicated by increased risk of new onset neurological disorders in both the acute and post-acute phases of COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Candace M Marsters
- Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton AB T6G 2B7, Canada
| | - Jeffrey A Bakal
- Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton AB T6G 2B7, Canada
- Provincial Research Data Services- Alberta Health Services, Edmonton AB, T6G 2B7, Canada
- Alberta Strategy for Patient Oriented Research Unit, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2C8, Canada
| | - Grace Y Lam
- Division of Pulmonology, Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton AB, T6G 2B7, Canada
| | - Finlay A McAlister
- Alberta Strategy for Patient Oriented Research Unit, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2C8, Canada
| | - Christopher Power
- Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton AB T6G 2B7, Canada
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Guilbaud R, Franco Yusti AM, Leducq V, Zafilaza K, Bridier-Nahmias A, Todesco E, Soulie C, Fauchois A, Le Hingrat Q, Kramer L, Goulenok T, Salpin M, Daugas E, Dorent R, Ottaviani S, Zalcman G, Ghosn J, Choquet S, Cacoub P, Amoura Z, Barroux B, Pourcher V, Spano JP, Louet M, Marcelin AG, Calvez V, Charpentier C, Descamps D, Marot S, Ferré VM, Coppée R. Higher Levels of SARS-CoV-2 Genetic Variation in Immunocompromised Patients: A Retrospective Case-Control Study. J Infect Dis 2024; 229:1041-1049. [PMID: 37956413 DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jiad499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Revised: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection lasts longer in immunocompromised hosts than in immunocompetent patients. Prolonged infection is associated with a higher probability of selection for novel SARS-CoV-2 mutations, particularly in the spike protein, a critical target for vaccines and therapeutics. METHODS From December 2020 to September 2022, respiratory samples from 444 immunocompromised patients and 234 health care workers positive for SARS-CoV-2, diagnosed at 2 hospitals in Paris, France, were analyzed using whole-genome sequencing using Nanopore technology. Custom scripts were developed to assess the SARS-CoV-2 genetic diversity between the 2 groups and within the host. RESULTS Most infections were SARS-CoV-2 Delta or Omicron lineages. Viral genetic diversity was significantly higher in infections of immunocompromised patients than those of controls. Minor mutations were identified in viruses sequenced from immunocompromised individuals, which became signature mutations for newer SARS-CoV-2 variants as the epidemic progressed. Two patients were coinfected with Delta and Omicron variants. The follow-up of immunocompromised patients revealed that the SARS-CoV-2 genome evolution differed in the upper and lower respiratory tracts. CONCLUSIONS This study found that SARS-CoV-2 infection in immunocompromised patients is associated with higher genetic diversity, which could lead to the emergence of new SARS-CoV-2 variants with possible immune evasion or different virulence characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Romane Guilbaud
- Infection, Antimicrobials, Modelling, Evolution, Université Paris Cité and Sorbonne Paris Nord, Inserm, Paris, France
| | - Anna-Maria Franco Yusti
- Infection, Antimicrobials, Modelling, Evolution, Université Paris Cité and Sorbonne Paris Nord, Inserm, Paris, France
| | - Valentin Leducq
- Service de Virologie, Sorbonne Université, Inserm, Institut Pierre Louis d'Epidémiologie et de Santé Publique, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - Karen Zafilaza
- Service de Virologie, Sorbonne Université, Inserm, Institut Pierre Louis d'Epidémiologie et de Santé Publique, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - Antoine Bridier-Nahmias
- Infection, Antimicrobials, Modelling, Evolution, Université Paris Cité and Sorbonne Paris Nord, Inserm, Paris, France
| | - Eve Todesco
- Service de Virologie, Sorbonne Université, Inserm, Institut Pierre Louis d'Epidémiologie et de Santé Publique, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - Cathia Soulie
- Service de Virologie, Sorbonne Université, Inserm, Institut Pierre Louis d'Epidémiologie et de Santé Publique, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - Antoine Fauchois
- Service de Virologie, Sorbonne Université, Inserm, Institut Pierre Louis d'Epidémiologie et de Santé Publique, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - Quentin Le Hingrat
- Infection, Antimicrobials, Modelling, Evolution, Université Paris Cité and Sorbonne Paris Nord, Inserm, Paris, France
| | - Laura Kramer
- Service de Pharmacie, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Bichat-Claude-Bernard, Paris, France
| | - Tiphaine Goulenok
- Service de Médecine Interne, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Bichat-Claude-Bernard, Paris, France
| | - Mathilde Salpin
- Service de Pneumologie, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Bichat-Claude-Bernard, Paris, France
| | - Eric Daugas
- Service de Néphrologie, Université Paris Cité, Inserm U1149, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Bichat-Claude-Bernard, Paris, France
| | - Richard Dorent
- Service de Cardiologie, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Bichat-Claude-Bernard, Paris, France
| | - Sébastien Ottaviani
- Service de Rhumatologie, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Bichat-Claude-Bernard, Paris, France
| | - Gérard Zalcman
- Service d'Oncologie Thoracique, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Bichat-Claude-Bernard, Paris, France
| | - Jade Ghosn
- Infection, Antimicrobials, Modelling, Evolution, Université Paris Cité and Sorbonne Paris Nord, Inserm, Paris, France
- Service de Maladies Infectieuses, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Bichat-Claude-Bernard, Paris, France
| | - Sylvain Choquet
- Service d'Hématologie Clinique, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - Patrice Cacoub
- Service de Médecine Interne et Immunologie Clinique, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - Zahir Amoura
- Service de Médecine Interne 2, Centre National de Référence des Histiocytoses, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - Benoit Barroux
- Service d'Urologie et de Transplantation Rénale, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - Valérie Pourcher
- Service de Virologie, Sorbonne Université, Inserm, Institut Pierre Louis d'Epidémiologie et de Santé Publique, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
- Service de Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpitaux Universitaires Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - Jean-Philippe Spano
- Service de Virologie, Sorbonne Université, Inserm, Institut Pierre Louis d'Epidémiologie et de Santé Publique, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
- Service d'Oncologie Médicale, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - Martine Louet
- Service de Santé au Travail, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - Anne-Geneviève Marcelin
- Service de Virologie, Sorbonne Université, Inserm, Institut Pierre Louis d'Epidémiologie et de Santé Publique, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - Vincent Calvez
- Service de Virologie, Sorbonne Université, Inserm, Institut Pierre Louis d'Epidémiologie et de Santé Publique, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - Charlotte Charpentier
- Infection, Antimicrobials, Modelling, Evolution, Université Paris Cité and Sorbonne Paris Nord, Inserm, Paris, France
| | - Diane Descamps
- Infection, Antimicrobials, Modelling, Evolution, Université Paris Cité and Sorbonne Paris Nord, Inserm, Paris, France
| | - Stéphane Marot
- Service de Virologie, Sorbonne Université, Inserm, Institut Pierre Louis d'Epidémiologie et de Santé Publique, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - Valentine Marie Ferré
- Infection, Antimicrobials, Modelling, Evolution, Université Paris Cité and Sorbonne Paris Nord, Inserm, Paris, France
| | - Romain Coppée
- Infection, Antimicrobials, Modelling, Evolution, Université Paris Cité and Sorbonne Paris Nord, Inserm, Paris, France
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Tabassum N, Anwar KS, Sarkar PK, Kabir ARML, Mollah MAH, Saha D, Alam MJ, Chisti MJ. Vitamin D [ Serum 25(OH) cholecalciferol] Insufficiency is Associated With Childhood Asthma: Recent Case-Control Findings From Bangladesh. Glob Pediatr Health 2024; 11:2333794X241240574. [PMID: 38577660 PMCID: PMC10993668 DOI: 10.1177/2333794x241240574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Revised: 02/17/2024] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Objectives. To evaluate the interaction between childhood asthma and S. 25(OH) cholecalciferol among Bangladeshi children. Methods. This case control study was conducted in child asthma clinic, Bangladesh Shishu Hospital Institute during March-August 2021. Comparison was made between clinically-diagnosed (following GINA guideline) asthmatic children (2-12 years-old) (cases = 87) and age and sex-matched children having no respiratory illness (controls = 90) using SPSS' (Statistical Package for Social Science, V.23.0 Windows) software. Results. Serum 25(OH) cholecalciferol was found to be significantly lower among the cases than the controls (P < .01). The cases had 3.4 times higher likelihood of having low vitamin D (combined deficient + insufficient) than the controls (P < .01). Conclusions. The results of the study demonstrate an association of Serum 25 (OH) cholecalciferol with asthma which underscores the importance of potential future trial to evaluate the efficacy of Vitamin-D supplementation for understanding the outcomes of asthmatic Bangladeshi children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nabila Tabassum
- Bangladesh Institute of Child Health and Dhaka Shishu Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | | | - Probir Kumar Sarkar
- Bangladesh Institute of Child Health and Dhaka Shishu Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | | | | | - Dipa Saha
- Ad-din Women’s Medical College, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Md. Jahangir Alam
- Bangladesh Institute of Child Health and Dhaka Shishu Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Mohammod Jobayer Chisti
- International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh (icddr,b), Dhaka, Bangladesh
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Sassano M, Taborelli M, Boccia S, Cadoni G, La Vecchia C, Garavello W, Lazarus P, Lee YCA, Hashibe M, Boffetta P. Aspirin intake and head and neck cancer: A pooled analysis within the INHANCE consortium. Head Neck 2024; 46:926-935. [PMID: 38229229 DOI: 10.1002/hed.27638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Revised: 12/29/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 01/18/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Aspirin intake might be inversely associated with head and neck cancer (HNC). Thus, we investigated this relationship within the International Head and Neck Cancer Epidemiology (INHANCE) consortium. METHODS Four case-control studies within the INHANCE consortium were included (2024 cases, 4196 controls). Study-specific odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated using logistic regression and subsequently pooled with DerSimonian-Laird random-effects model. Nonlinearity of the relationship between duration of intake and HNC was modeled with fractional polynomials. RESULTS Aspirin was inversely associated with HNC overall (OR = 0.48; 95% CI: 0.26, 0.91). Results for laryngeal cancer were similar (OR = 0.54; 95% CI: 0.30, 0.96). Analysis on duration of intake confirmed findings for HNC overall, showing also inverse associations for oropharyngeal and laryngeal cancer. CONCLUSIONS This study suggests that aspirin intake may reduce the risk of HNC, driven mainly by decreases in risk for laryngeal and oropharyngeal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michele Sassano
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
- Section of Hygiene, Department of Life Sciences and Public Health, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Martina Taborelli
- Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico di Aviano (CRO), IRCCS, Aviano, Italy
| | - Stefania Boccia
- Section of Hygiene, Department of Life Sciences and Public Health, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
- Department of Woman and Child Health and Public Health - Public Health Area, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Gabriella Cadoni
- Dipartimento Scienze dell'Invecchiamento, Neurologiche, Ortopediche e della Testa-Collo, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Roma, Italy
- Dipartimento Patologia Testa Collo e Organi di Senso, Facoltà Medicina e Chirurgia, Università Cattolica Sacro Cuore, Roma, Italy
| | - Carlo La Vecchia
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Werner Garavello
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy
| | - Philip Lazarus
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Washington State University, Spokane, Washington, USA
| | - Yuan-Chin Amy Lee
- Division of Public Health, Department of Family & Preventive Medicine and Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Mia Hashibe
- Division of Public Health, Department of Family & Preventive Medicine and Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Paolo Boffetta
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
- Stony Brook Cancer Center, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, USA
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Mansell C, Yang M, Tyrer P. Effect of drama training on self-esteem and personality strengths: A feasibility case control study of nidotherapy. Int J Soc Psychiatry 2024:207640241239540. [PMID: 38509044 DOI: 10.1177/00207640241239540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although there are many case reports and qualitative studies on the likely positive effects of drama on mental health there have been few quantitative studies with mentally ill patients. AIMS To assess the effect of drama training in patients receiving nidotherapy with a range of mental and personality disorders on changes in self-esteem and personality strengths over a 1-month period compared with two control groups, one with similar mental disorders and another without, who had similar assessments but no acting involvement. METHOD A total of 19 patients were recruited from a mental health charity with current significant mental illness (active group: n = 6) (b) a control group of patients with current mental illness who were not involved in acting (n = 5), and an additional control group with no current mental illness (n = 8) The patients involved in drama were taking part in nidotherapy, an environmental intervention. Two self-rating scales, the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (RSES) and Abbreviated Personality Strengths Scale (APSS) recorded changes in self-esteem and personality strengths at base-line and after 1 month in the participants. Random effects modelling was used to analyse the data. RESULTS The intervention group showed positive improvement in personality strengths (p = .009) compared to the control group that had no mental illness, and also improved more than the control group with mental illness but not to a significant degree (p = .16). Self-esteem recorded with the Rosenberg scale was lower in those in the acting group at baseline compared with the other two groups (p = .088) but after acting training improved by 29% to be equivalent to the control groups. CONCLUSIONS Despite the limited numbers in this study, and the consequent inability to make firm conclusions about the efficacy of drama therapy as part of nidotherapy, the findings suggest that larger trials of this approach are feasible and worth exploring. .
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Affiliation(s)
- Chelsea Mansell
- Lincoln Medical School, University of Lincoln and Nottingham, UK
| | - Min Yang
- Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- West China School of Public Health, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Peter Tyrer
- Division of Psychiatry, Imperial College, London, UK
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Diaz MJ, Haq Z, Tran JT, Abdi P, Motaparthi K, Grant-Kels JM, Montanez-Wiscovich ME. Psoriasis and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma in a diverse sample of U.S. adults: a propensity matched case-control study. J Am Acad Dermatol 2024:S0190-9622(24)00440-7. [PMID: 38452818 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaad.2024.02.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Revised: 01/26/2024] [Accepted: 02/24/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Michael J Diaz
- College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida.
| | - Zaim Haq
- School of Medicine, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island
| | - Jasmine T Tran
- School of Medicine, Indiana University, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Parsa Abdi
- Faculty of Medicine, Memorial University, St. John's, Newfoundland, Canada
| | - Kiran Motaparthi
- Department of Dermatology, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida
| | - Jane M Grant-Kels
- Department of Dermatology, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida; Department of Dermatology, University of Connecticut, Farmington, Connecticut
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Gupta N, Boodman C, Saravu K. Development of a clinical scoring system to make a presumptive diagnosis of Kyasanur Forest Disease: a case-control study from South India. Infez Med 2024; 32:61-68. [PMID: 38456026 PMCID: PMC10917564 DOI: 10.53854/liim-3201-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024]
Abstract
Introduction Kyasanur Forest Disease (KFD) is a viral haemorrhagic fever endemic in South India. Based on clinical presentation alone, it is challenging to distinguish KFD from other febrile illnesses in the region. The study aimed to develop a clinical scoring system for early presumptive diagnosis of KFD. Patients and methods This retrospective case-control study included microbiologically diagnosed KFD patients (n=186) with other undifferentiated febrile illnesses as controls (n=203). The clinical and laboratory features between cases and controls were compared. A logistic regression analysis included those variables found to be significantly associated with KFD on univariate analysis. The adjusted odds ratio for the significant variables was calculated and converted into logarithmic scales. These numbers were rounded off to the nearest integer to find the score assigned to each variable. A receiver operating characteristics curve was created to find the best cut-off for the scoring system that predicted the diagnosis of KFD. Results A total of 186 anonymised cases and 203 anonymised controls were recruited from the records for this study. Myalgia, headache, lymphadenopathy, bleeding manifestations, Central Nervous System (CNS) involvement, raised haematocrit, leukopenia, and raised transaminases were more common in patients with KFD. Except for lymphadenopathy and raised transaminases, all the other variables were independent predictors of making a diagnosis of KFD. Since raised transaminases tended towards significance, it was included in the scoring system with other independent predictors. A scoring system was created with a maximum score of 12. The receiver operating characteristic curve showed an Area Under Curve of 0.912 (95%CI: 0.88-0.94). A score of 4 or more was found to have a sensitivity and specificity of 83% and 87%, respectively. Conclusion The presence of specific features should alert primary care physicians working in endemic areas about the possibility of KFD. This diagnostic scoring system can be used to make a presumptive diagnosis of KFD after undergoing a prospective validation study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nitin Gupta
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India
| | - Carl Boodman
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Kavitha Saravu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India
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Diaz MJ, Haq Z, Abdi P, Tran JT, Guttman-Yassky E, Ungar B. Association between alopecia areata and atopic dermatitis: A nested case-control study of the All of Us database. J Am Acad Dermatol 2024; 90:607-609. [PMID: 37871800 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaad.2023.10.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Revised: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 10/25/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Michael J Diaz
- University of Florida, College of Medicine, Gainesville, Florida.
| | - Zaim Haq
- School of Medicine, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island
| | - Parsa Abdi
- Faculty of Medicine, Memorial University, St. John's, Newfoundland and Labrador
| | - Jasmine T Tran
- Indiana University, School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Emma Guttman-Yassky
- Department of Dermatology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Benjamin Ungar
- Department of Dermatology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
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Thacher JD, Högfeldt H, Vilhelmsson A, Lindh C, Rylander L. Exposure to Paracetamol in Early Pregnancy and the Risk of Developing Cerebral Palsy: A Case-Control Study Using Serum Samples. J Pediatr 2024; 269:113959. [PMID: 38369234 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpeds.2024.113959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Revised: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 02/20/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate whether maternal paracetamol use in early pregnancy is associated with cerebral palsy (CP) in offspring. STUDY DESIGN We conducted a registry and biobank-based case-control study with mother-child pairs. We identified CP cases (n = 322) born between 1995 and 2014 from a nationwide CP-registry. Randomly selected controls (n = 343) and extra preterm controls (n = 258) were obtained from a birth registry. For each mother, a single serum sample from early pregnancy (gestation weeks 10-14) was retrieved from a biobank and analyzed for serum concentrations of paracetamol, categorized into unexposed (<1 ng/ml), mildly exposed (1-100 ng/ml), and highly exposed (>100 ng/ml), and in quartiles. Analyses were performed using logistic regression and adjusted for potential confounders. Separate analyses were conducted including only those children born preterm and only those born term. RESULTS Of the 923 participants, 36.8% were unexposed, 53.2% mildly exposed, and 10% highly exposed to paracetamol. Overall, prenatal exposure to paracetamol was not associated with CP. Sensitivity and subgroup analyses showed no clear associations between paracetamol and CP across strata of term/preterm birth as well as subtypes of CP. CONCLUSIONS The present study does not support an association between intrauterine exposure to paracetamol in early pregnancy and the risk of CP. However, it is important to stress that the exposure estimate is based on a single serum sample.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesse D Thacher
- Division of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.
| | - Hannah Högfeldt
- Division of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Andreas Vilhelmsson
- Division of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Christian Lindh
- Division of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Lars Rylander
- Division of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
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10
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Yeshambel E, Alemu AA, Aynalem BY, Bayile YS. Determinants of Neonatal Sepsis among Neonates Admitted in a Neonatal Intensive Care Unit at Injibara General Hospital, Awi Zone, and Amhara Regional State, Ethiopia. Glob Pediatr Health 2024; 11:2333794X241228062. [PMID: 38303758 PMCID: PMC10832415 DOI: 10.1177/2333794x241228062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Revised: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction. Neonatal sepsis is the primary cause of increased newborn morbidity and mortality worldwide, particularly in developing countries. In Ethiopia, the factors of neonatal sepsis are not well understood. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to determine the factors associated with neonatal sepsis in the study area. Methods. A case-control study design was conducted among 60 cases and 120 controls. Variables with P ≤ .25 in the bivariate analysis were entered into multivariable logistic regression, and statistical significance was declared at P < .05. Result. Birth weight <2500-g (AOR = 4.05 [1.44, 11.36], number of ANC visits <3 (AOR = 4.49 [1.70, 11.86], duration of rupture of membrane ≥18 hours (AOR = 4.42; [2.02, 9.66], first minute APGAR score <7 (AOR = 3.09 [1.10, 8.70], birth at a health-center (AOR = 0.22 [0.08, 0.60]) and instrumental delivery (AOR = 0.30 [0.10, 0.88]) were factors associated with neonatal sepsis. Conclusion. Neonatal sepsis was associated with different factors like prolonged membrane rupture, birth weight, and antenatal care visits.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Addisu Alehegn Alemu
- Debre Markos University, Debre Markos, Ethiopia
- University of New South Wales Sydney, Sydney, Australia
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11
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Pérez-Saldivar ML, Flores-García MK, Núñez-Villegas N, Fajardo-Gutiérrez A, Medina-Sanson A, Jiménez-Hernández E, Martín-Trejo JA, López-Santiago N, Peñaloza-González JG, Cortés-Herrera B, Merino-Pasaye LE, Amador-Sánchez R, García-López LR, Pérez-Lorenzana H, Román-Zepeda PF, Castañeda-Echevarría A, López-Caballero MG, Martínez-Silva SI, Rivera-González J, Granados-Kraulles J, Flores-Botello J, Medrano-López F, Rodríguez-Vázquez MA, Torres-Valle D, Mora-Rico K, Mora-Ríos FG, R.García‐Cortés L, Salcedo-Lozada P, Flores-Lujano J, Núñez-Enríquez JC, Bekker-Méndez VC, Mata-Rocha M, Rosas-Vargas H, Duarte-Rodríguez DA, Jiménez-Morales S, Hidalgo-Miranda A, López-Carrillo L, Mejía-Aranguré JM. Maternal diet in pregnancy and acute leukemia in infants: a case-control study in Mexico City. Front Oncol 2024; 13:1165323. [PMID: 38260836 PMCID: PMC10802844 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1165323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Epidemiological studies around the world on acute leukemia (AL) and risk factors in infants are scarce. Infant AL has been proposed to originate in utero, which facilitates its study by establishing a short exposure time in pregnant women to environmental and dietary factors that could contribute to the risk of or protection against leukemia. We hypothesized that maternal diet during pregnancy may be an important factor involved in AL in offspring. Methods We conducted a hospital-based case-control study from 2010 to 2019 on maternal diet during pregnancy in nine high-specialty public hospitals of different health institutions that diagnose and offer treatment to children with AL in Mexico City. Cases (n=109) were children ≤24 months of age with de novo diagnosis of AL, and controls (n=252) were children obtained in hospitals from second-level medical care matched for age, sex, and health institution. Maternal diet during pregnancy was obtained by a semiquantitative food frequency questionnaire. Unconditional logistic regression models were used to assess the association between food groups and infant AL. Potential confounders were assessed by constructing directed acyclic graphs (DAGs) with Dagitty software in which adjusted options were identified for the construction of unconditional logistic regression models. Results Cases were slightly predominantly female (52.3%). The years of education of the mother in cases and controls was 0-9 on average, and those who reported smoking cigarettes and consuming alcohol during pregnancy did so at a low frequency. Regarding the mother's diet, the main findings were that the consumption of allium vegetables during pregnancy was inversely associated with AL for medium and high consumption (OR=0.26, 95% CI 0.14-0.46; P-trend< 0.001). In contrast, the high consumption of high-fat dairy products had a positive association with AL (OR=2.37, 95% CI 1.30-4.34; P-trend<0.001). No association was found between consumption of topoisomerase II inhibitor foods during pregnancy and AL. Conclusion The results suggest that maternal intake during pregnancy of allium vegetables, specifically garlic, is inversely associated with the development of AL in children ≤24 months old. On the other hand, consumption of high-fat dairy products is positively associated with AL in children ≤24 months old.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Luisa Pérez-Saldivar
- Unidad de Investigación Médica en Epidemiología Clínica, Unidad Médica de Alta Especialidad (Unidad Médica de Alta Especialidad (UMAE)) Hospital de Pediatría, Centro Médico Nacional (Centro Médico Nacional (CMN)) Siglo XXI, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS)), Mexico City, Mexico
| | | | - Nancy Núñez-Villegas
- Servicio de Hematología Pediátrica, Hospital General “Gaudencio González Garza”, Centro Médico Nacional (CMN) “La Raza”, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Arturo Fajardo-Gutiérrez
- Unidad de Investigación Médica en Epidemiología Clínica, Unidad Médica de Alta Especialidad (Unidad Médica de Alta Especialidad (UMAE)) Hospital de Pediatría, Centro Médico Nacional (Centro Médico Nacional (CMN)) Siglo XXI, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS)), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Aurora Medina-Sanson
- Departamento de Hemato-Oncología, Hospital Infantil de México Federico Gómez, Secretaria de Salud (Secretaría de Salud (SSA)), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Elva Jiménez-Hernández
- Servicio de Oncología, Hospital Pediátrico Moctezuma, Secretaría de Salud de la Ciudad de México (Secretaría de Salud de la Ciudad de México (SSCDMX)), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Jorge Alfonso Martín-Trejo
- Servicio de Hematología, Unidad Médica de Alta Especialidad (UMAE) Hospital de Pediatría, Centro Médico Nacional (CMN) “Siglo XXI”, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Norma López-Santiago
- Servicio de Hematología, Instituto Nacional de Pediatría (INP), Secretaría de Salud (SSA), Mexico City, Mexico
| | | | - Beatriz Cortés-Herrera
- Servicio de Hematología Pediátrica, Hospital General de México, Secretaría de Salud (SSA), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Laura Elizabeth Merino-Pasaye
- Servicio de Hematología Pediátrica, Centro Médico Nacional (CMN)”20 de Noviembre”, Instituto de Seguridad Social al Servicio de los Trabajadores del Estado (Instituto de Seguridad Social al Servicio de los Trabajadores del Estado (ISSSTE)), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Raquel Amador-Sánchez
- Servicio de Hematología Pediátrica, HGR No. 1 “Dr. Carlos Mac Gregor Sánchez Navarro” Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Luis Ramiro García-López
- Servicio de Pediatría, Hospital Pediátrico de Tacubaya, Secretaría de Salud de la Ciudad de México (SSCDMX), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Héctor Pérez-Lorenzana
- Servicio de Cirugía Pediátrica, Hospital General “Gaudencio González Garza”, Centro Médico Nacional (CMN) “La Raza”, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Pedro Francisco Román-Zepeda
- Servicio de Cirugía Pediátrica, Hospital General Regional (HGR) No. 1 “Dr. Carlos Mac Gregor Sánchez Navarro” Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Alejandro Castañeda-Echevarría
- Servicio de Pediatría, Hospital General de Zona Regional (HGZR) No. 25 Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - María Guadalupe López-Caballero
- Coordinación Clínica y Pediatría, Hospital Pediátrico de Coyoacán, Secretaría de Salud de la Ciudad de México (SSCDMX), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Sofía Irene Martínez-Silva
- Hospital Pediátrico de Iztapalapa, Secretaría de Salud de la Ciudad de México (SSCDMX), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Juan Rivera-González
- Hospital General Dr. “Gustavo Baz Prada”, Instituto de Salud del Estado de México (ISEM), Estado de México, Mexico
| | - Jorge Granados-Kraulles
- Coordinación Clínica y Pediatría del Hospital General de Zona 76 Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS), Estado de México, Mexico
| | - Jesús Flores-Botello
- Coordinación Clínica y Pediatría, Hospital General “La Perla” ISEM, Estado de México, Mexico
| | - Francisco Medrano-López
- Coordinación Clínica y Pediatría, HGR No. 72 “Dr. Vicente Santos Guajardo”, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS), Estado de México, Mexico
| | - María Adriana Rodríguez-Vázquez
- Coordinación Clínica y Pediatría del Hospital General de Zona 68, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS), Estado de México, Mexico
| | - Delfino Torres-Valle
- Coordinación Clínica y Pediatría del Hospital General de Zona 71, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS), Estado de México, Mexico
| | - Karina Mora-Rico
- Servicio de Cirugía Pediátrica, HGR 1° Octubre, Instituto de Seguridad Social al Servicio de los Trabajadores del Estado (ISSSTE), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Félix G. Mora-Ríos
- Cirugía Pediátrica del Hospital Regional “General Ignacio Zaragoza”, Instituto de Seguridad Social al Servicio de los Trabajadores del Estado (ISSSTE), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Luis R.García‐Cortés
- Delegación Regional Estado de México Oriente, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS), Estado de México, Mexico
| | | | - Janet Flores-Lujano
- Unidad de Investigación Médica en Epidemiología Clínica, Unidad Médica de Alta Especialidad (Unidad Médica de Alta Especialidad (UMAE)) Hospital de Pediatría, Centro Médico Nacional (Centro Médico Nacional (CMN)) Siglo XXI, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS)), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Juan Carlos Núñez-Enríquez
- Unidad de Investigación Médica en Epidemiología Clínica, Unidad Médica de Alta Especialidad (Unidad Médica de Alta Especialidad (UMAE)) Hospital de Pediatría, Centro Médico Nacional (Centro Médico Nacional (CMN)) Siglo XXI, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS)), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Vilma Carolina Bekker-Méndez
- Unidad de Investigación Médica en Inmunología e Infectología, Hospital de Infectología “Dr. Daniel Méndez Hernández”, Centro Médico Nacional (CMN) “La Raza”, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Minerva Mata-Rocha
- Laboratorio de Biología Molecular de las Leucemias, Unidad de Investigación en Genética Humana, Unidad Médica de Alta Especialidad (UMAE), Hospital de Pediatría, Centro Médico Nacional (CMN) “Siglo XXI”, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Haydeé Rosas-Vargas
- Laboratorio de Genética, Unidad Médica de Alta Especialidad (Unidad Médica de Alta Especialidad (UMAE)) Hospital de Pediatría, Centro Médico Nacional (Centro Médico Nacional (CMN)) Siglo XXI, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - David Aldebarán Duarte-Rodríguez
- Unidad de Investigación Médica en Epidemiología Clínica, Unidad Médica de Alta Especialidad (Unidad Médica de Alta Especialidad (UMAE)) Hospital de Pediatría, Centro Médico Nacional (Centro Médico Nacional (CMN)) Siglo XXI, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS)), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Silvia Jiménez-Morales
- Laboratorio de Innovación y Medicina de Precisión, Núcleo A. Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica (INMEGEN), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Alfredo Hidalgo-Miranda
- Laboratorio de Innovación y Medicina de Precisión, Núcleo A. Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica (INMEGEN), Mexico City, Mexico
| | | | - Juan Manuel Mejía-Aranguré
- Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Mexico City, Mexico
- Laboratorio Genómica Funcional del Cáncer, Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica (INMEGEN), Mexico City, Mexico
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Zin Aung K, Hlaing STM, Damayanti P, Tabassum T, Tsukino H, Hinoura T, Kuroda Y. Transporter Associated With Antigen Processing (TAP) 1 Gene Polymorphisms and Risks of Urothelial Cell Carcinoma Among the Japanese Population. Cureus 2024; 16:e52310. [PMID: 38357083 PMCID: PMC10866181 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.52310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Urothelial cell carcinoma is one of the costliest types of cancer because of its recurrence, lengthy course of therapy, and tendency to lead to further complications. Gene polymorphisms are one of many factors that are thought to cause the carcinogenesis of urothelial cell carcinoma. Two single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of the transporter associated with antigen processing (TAP) 1 gene and their relationship with the risks of urothelial cell carcinoma in the Japanese population were examined in this study by using polymerase chain reaction (PCR), restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) for genotyping and statistical analysis. The adjusted odd ratios with 95% confidence interval (CI) of the mutant types (A/G+G/G) in females for the I333V and D637G polymorphisms are 2.28 (1.11-4.66) and 2.50 (1.21-5.17), respectively. The findings showed that females with the (A/G+G/G) genotype are more likely to develop urothelial cell carcinoma than those with the A/A genotype. Any correlation between smoking and gene polymorphism was absent. Results indicate that TAP1 gene polymorphisms and the risk of urothelial cell carcinoma are related in females.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khine Zin Aung
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Lexington, USA
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, JPN
| | - Sa Tin Myo Hlaing
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, JPN
| | - Putri Damayanti
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, JPN
| | - Tamanna Tabassum
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, JPN
| | - Hiromasa Tsukino
- Department of Urology, Junwakai Memorial Hospital, Miyazaki, JPN
| | - Takuji Hinoura
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, JPN
| | - Yoshiki Kuroda
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, JPN
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13
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Shrier I, Stovitz SD, Textor J. Identifiability of causal effects in test-negative design studies. Int J Epidemiol 2023; 52:1968-1974. [PMID: 37451683 DOI: 10.1093/ije/dyad102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Causal directed acyclic graphs (DAGs) are often used to select variables in a regression model to identify causal effects. Outcome-based sampling studies, such as the 'test-negative design' used to assess vaccine effectiveness, present unique challenges that are not addressed by the common back-door criterion. Here we discuss intuitive, graphical approaches to explain why the common back-door criterion cannot be used for identification of population average causal effects with outcome-based sampling studies. We also describe graphical rules that can be used instead in outcome-based sampling studies when the objective is limited to determining if the causal odds ratio is identifiable, and illustrate recent changes to the free online software Dagitty which incorporate these principles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ian Shrier
- Centre for Clinical Epidemiology, Lady Davis Institute, Jewish General Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Steven D Stovitz
- Department of Family Medicine and Community Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Johannes Textor
- Department of Tumour Immunology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Data Science group, Institute for Computing and Information Sciences, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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14
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Wolie Asres A, Tilahun AW, Addissie A. Factors associated with preeclampsia among pregnant women in Gojjam zones, Amhara region, Ethiopia: a case-control study. Blood Press 2023; 32:2255687. [PMID: 37706501 DOI: 10.1080/08037051.2023.2255687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2023] [Revised: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/15/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Little is known about the factors contributing to preeclampsia in Ethiopia. Therefore, this study was conducted to determine factors associated with preeclampsia among pregnant women in public hospitals. METHODS AND MATERIALS An institution based unmatched case-control study was conducted. Women with preeclampsia were cases, and those without preeclampsia were controls. The study participants were selected using the consecutive sampling method with a case-to-control ratio of 1:2. The data were collected through measurements and a face-to-face interview. Then the data were entered using Epi Info and exported to STATA 14 for analysis. The findings were presented in text, tables, and figures. RESULTS About 51 (46.4%) of cases and 81 (36.8%) of controls had no formal education. Multiple gestational pregnancies (AOR = 2.75; 95% CI: 1.20-6.28); history of abortion (AOR = 3.17, 95% CI: 1.31-7.70); change of paternity (AOR = 3.16, 95% CI: 1.47-6.83); previous use of implants (AOR = 0.41; 95% CI: 0.13-0.96); and fruit intake during pregnancy (AOR = 0.36, 95% CI: 0.18-0.72) were associated factors of preeclampsia. CONCLUSION History of abortion, change of paternity, and multiple gestational pregnancies were risk factors for preeclampsia. Fruit intake during pregnancy and previous use of implant contraceptives were negatively associated with preeclampsia. Further studies should be conducted regarding the effect of prior implant use on preeclampsia. Healthcare providers should give special attention to women with a history of abortion and multiple gestational pregnancies during the ANC follow-up period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abiyot Wolie Asres
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, College of Health Science and Medicine, Wolaita Sodo University, Wolaita Sodo, Ethiopia
| | - Abigiya Wondimagegnehu Tilahun
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, College of Health Science, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Adamu Addissie
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, College of Health Science, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
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15
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Chen D, Tian C, Fang K, Luo M, Shu C. Association of Ductus Diverticulum and Acute Type B Aortic Dissection. Acad Radiol 2023; 30:2541-2547. [PMID: 36754645 DOI: 10.1016/j.acra.2023.01.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Revised: 01/10/2023] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE AND OBJECTIVES An anatomic association between ductus diverticulum and the primary entry tear in type B aortic dissection was observed. The aim was to reveal the association between ductus diverticulum and acute type B aortic dissection. MATERIALS AND METHODS A matched case-control study was conducted. Case subjects were extracted from consecutive patients with aortic dissection in the emergency department during 2019; the control subjects were extracted from consecutive patients without major aortic disease during 2019. 1:1 matching was performed for age, sex, and comorbidity, the prevalence of ductus diverticulum was compared, and conditional logistic regression was performed to reveal the association of ductus diverticulum and acute type B aortic dissection. In addition, the anatomic association between the ductus diverticulum and the primary entry tear was assessed in extracted cases, and baseline parameters were compared between dissection patients with or without ductus diverticulum. RESULTS 128 cases and 402 control subjects were extracted. 86 pairs were formed after matching, and the proportion of ductus diverticulum (19.8% vs 1.2%, p < 0.001) was higher in the case group. Conditional logistic regression revealed ductus diverticulum(OR = 22.04, 95%CI: 2.81-172.76, p = 0.003) as an independent predictor for acute type B aortic dissection. Besides, the ductus diverticulum has an anatomic association with the primary entry tear (OR = 4.22, 95%CI: 1.46-12.25, p = 0.008), and dissection patients with ductus diverticulum were younger (47.9 vs 54.4, p = 0.015) than dissection patients without ductus diverticulum. CONCLUSION Ductus diverticulum is common in acute type B aortic dissection and is independently associated with acute type B aortic dissection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Chen
- Center of Vascular Surgery, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Disease, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, No.167, Beilishi Road, Xicheng District, Beijing, China
| | - Chen Tian
- Center of Vascular Surgery, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Disease, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, No.167, Beilishi Road, Xicheng District, Beijing, China
| | - Kun Fang
- Center of Vascular Surgery, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Disease, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, No.167, Beilishi Road, Xicheng District, Beijing, China
| | - Mingyao Luo
- Center of Vascular Surgery, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Disease, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, No.167, Beilishi Road, Xicheng District, Beijing, China
| | - Chang Shu
- Center of Vascular Surgery, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Disease, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, No.167, Beilishi Road, Xicheng District, Beijing, China; Department of Vascular Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.
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16
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Seghezzo G, Nash SG, Aziz NA, Hope R, Bernal JL, Gallagher E, Dabrera G, Thelwall S. Risk of severe outcomes among Omicron sub-lineages BA.4.6, BA.2.75, and BQ.1 compared to BA.5 in England. Epidemiol Infect 2023; 151:e189. [PMID: 37905583 PMCID: PMC10728974 DOI: 10.1017/s0950268823001760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Revised: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 11/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Since the emergence of Omicron variant of SARS-CoV-2 in late 2021, a number of sub-lineages have arisen and circulated internationally. Little is known about the relative severity of Omicron sub-lineages BA.2.75, BA.4.6, and BQ.1. We undertook a case-control analysis to determine the clinical severity of these lineages relative to BA.5, using whole genome sequenced, PCR-confirmed infections, between 1 August 2022 and 27 November 2022, among those who presented to emergency care in England 14 days after and up to one day prior to the positive specimen. A total of 10,375 episodes were included in the analysis; of which, 5,207 (50.2%) were admitted to the hospital or died. Multivariable conditional regression analyses found no evidence of greater odds of hospital admission or death among those with BA.2.75 (odds ratio (OR) = 0.96, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.84-1.09) and BA.4.6 (OR = 1.02, 95% CI: 0.88- 1.17) or BQ.1 (OR = 1.03, 95% CI: 0.94-1.13) compared to BA.5. Future lineages may not follow the same trend and there remains a need for continued surveillance of COVID-19 variants and their clinical outcomes to inform the public health response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Seghezzo
- COVID-19 Vaccines and Epidemiology Division, UK Health Security Agency, London, UK
| | - Sophie G. Nash
- COVID-19 Vaccines and Epidemiology Division, UK Health Security Agency, London, UK
| | - Nurin A. Aziz
- COVID-19 Vaccines and Epidemiology Division, UK Health Security Agency, London, UK
| | - Russell Hope
- HCAI, Fungal, AMR, AMU & Sepsis Division, UK Health Security Agency, London, UK
| | - Jamie L. Bernal
- COVID-19 Surveillance Cell, UK Health Security Agency, London, UK
- NIHR Health Protection Research Unit for Respiratory Infections, London, UK
| | - Eileen Gallagher
- Genomics and Public Health Analysis, UK Health Security Agency, London, UK
| | - Gavin Dabrera
- COVID-19 Vaccines and Epidemiology Division, UK Health Security Agency, London, UK
| | - Simon Thelwall
- COVID-19 Vaccines and Epidemiology Division, UK Health Security Agency, London, UK
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17
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Lafuente-Ibáñez-de-Mendoza I, Marichalar-Mendia X, García-De-La-Fuente AM, Quindós-Andrés G, Eraso-Barrio E, Martínez-Conde-Llamosas R, Fernández-Jiménez A, Aguirre-Urizar JM. Presence and implication of Candida spp. in patients with peri-implantitis enrolled in a supportive peri-implant therapy program of the Basque Country (Spain). A case-control study. Clin Implant Dent Relat Res 2023; 25:938-947. [PMID: 37259674 DOI: 10.1111/cid.13226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Revised: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 05/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The peri-implant sulcus is a good niche for infectious colonization such as Candida spp. In this study, the level of Candida spp. fungal colonization is analyzed in patients with peri-implantitis under supportive peri-implant therapy, as well as its correlation with the main clinicopathological data. METHODS A case-control study was carried out on 161 patients treated with dental implants, 80 with PI and 81 without PI, which corresponded to 91 women and 70 men, whose mean age was 60.90 years. A specific protocol was completed for the clinical and implant data. Microbiological samples were taken by oral rinse and with paper tips from the peri-implant sulcus. For the quantitative and qualitative analysis Candida Chromogenic Agar/CONDA plates were incubated for 72 h at 36 + 1°C. Fungal growth was considered active when having more than 50 CFU. Specific Candida spp. cultures were later confirmed by API ID 32C and PCR. RESULTS Fungal growth was achieved in 28% of oral rinse and 6.75% of peri-implant fluid samples. No significant differences were recognized between study groups. Most of the cultures (>65%) showed more than 50 CFU. The most frequent species were Candida albicans and Candida parapsilosis. There was no association between different PI risk factors and fungal data. The presence of Candida spp. in the oral cavity of patients with dental implants was related to total edentulism and the use of implant-fixed complete prosthesis implant-retained removable prosthesis. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that there is no link between PI and presence of Candida in patients with dental implants undergoing regular supportive periodontal therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Xabier Marichalar-Mendia
- Department of Nursery I, Faculty of Medicine and Nursery, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Leioa, Spain
| | - Ana María García-De-La-Fuente
- Department of Stomatology II, Faculty of Medicine and Nursery, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Leioa, Spain
| | - Guillermo Quindós-Andrés
- Department of Immunology, Microbiology, Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine and Nursery, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Leioa, Spain
| | - Elena Eraso-Barrio
- Department of Immunology, Microbiology, Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine and Nursery, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Leioa, Spain
| | | | - Aitziber Fernández-Jiménez
- Department of Stomatology II, Faculty of Medicine and Nursery, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Leioa, Spain
| | - José Manuel Aguirre-Urizar
- Department of Stomatology II, Faculty of Medicine and Nursery, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Leioa, Spain
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Shu G, Wang A, Wang X, Ding J, Chen R, Gao F, Wang A, Li T, Wang Y. Identification of southern corn rust resistance QTNs in Chinese summer maize germplasm via multi-locus GWAS and post-GWAS analysis. Front Plant Sci 2023; 14:1221395. [PMID: 37810381 PMCID: PMC10552154 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1221395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Accepted: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023]
Abstract
Southern corn rust (SCR) caused by Puccinia polysora Underw is a major disease leading to severe yield losses in China Summer Corn Belt. Using six multi-locus GWAS methods, we identified a set of SCR resistance QTNs from a diversity panel of 140 inbred lines collected from China Summer Corn Belt. Thirteen QTNs on chromosomes 1, 2, 4, 5, 6, and 8 were grouped into three types of allele effects and their associations with SCR phenotypes were verified by post-GWAS case-control sampling, allele/haplotype effect analysis. Relative resistance (RRR) and relative susceptibility (RRs) catering to its inbred carrier were estimated from single QTN and QTN-QTN combos and epistatitic effects were estimated for QTN-QTN combos. By transcriptomic annotation, a set of candidate genes were predicted to be involved in transcriptional regulation (S5_145, Zm00001d01613, transcription factor GTE4), phosphorylation (S8_123, Zm00001d010672, Pgk2- phosphoglycerate kinase 2), and temperature stress response (S6_164a/S6_164b, Zm00001d038806, hsp101, and S5_211, Zm00001d017978, cellulase25). The breeding implications of the above findings were discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoping Shu
- Center of Biotechnology, Beijing Lantron Seed, LongPing High-tech Corp., Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Aifang Wang
- Center of Biotechnology, Beijing Lantron Seed, LongPing High-tech Corp., Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Xingchuan Wang
- Henan LongPing-Lantron AgriScience & Technology Co., LTD, Zhengzhou, LongPing High-tech Corp., Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Junqiang Ding
- College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Ruijie Chen
- Henan LongPing-Lantron AgriScience & Technology Co., LTD, Zhengzhou, LongPing High-tech Corp., Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Fei Gao
- Henan LongPing-Lantron AgriScience & Technology Co., LTD, Zhengzhou, LongPing High-tech Corp., Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Aifen Wang
- Henan LongPing-Lantron AgriScience & Technology Co., LTD, Zhengzhou, LongPing High-tech Corp., Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Ting Li
- Center of Biotechnology, Beijing Lantron Seed, LongPing High-tech Corp., Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Yibo Wang
- Henan LongPing-Lantron AgriScience & Technology Co., LTD, Zhengzhou, LongPing High-tech Corp., Zhengzhou, Henan, China
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19
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Zanti M, Loizidou MA, O’Mahony DG, Dorling L, Dennis J, Devilee P, Easton DF, Panayiotidis MI, Hadjisavvas A, Michailidou K. Multi-gene panel testing and association analysis in Cypriot breast cancer cases and controls. Front Genet 2023; 14:1248492. [PMID: 37790698 PMCID: PMC10544326 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2023.1248492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: It is estimated that around 5% of breast cancer cases carry pathogenic variants in established breast cancer susceptibility genes. However, the underlying prevalence and gene-specific population risk estimates in Cyprus are currently unknown. Methods: We performed sequencing on a population-based case-control study of 990 breast cancer cases and 1094 controls from Cyprus using the BRIDGES sequencing panel. Analyses were conducted separately for protein-truncating and rare missense variants. Results: Protein-truncating variants in established breast cancer susceptibility genes were detected in 3.54% of cases and 0.37% of controls. Protein-truncating variants in BRCA2 and ATM were associated with a high risk of breast cancer, whereas PTVs in BRCA1 and PALB2 were associated with a high risk of estrogen receptor (ER)-negative disease. Among participants with a family history of breast cancer, PTVs in ATM, BRCA2, BRCA1, PALB2 and RAD50 were associated with an increased risk of breast cancer. Furthermore, an additional 19.70% of cases and 17.18% of controls had at least one rare missense variant in established breast cancer susceptibility genes. For BRCA1 and PALB2, rare missense variants were associated with an increased risk of overall and triple-negative breast cancer, respectively. Rare missense variants in BRCA1, ATM, CHEK2 and PALB2 domains, were associated with increased risk of disease subtypes. Conclusion: This study provides population-based prevalence and gene-specific risk estimates for protein-truncating and rare missense variants. These results may have important clinical implications for women who undergo genetic testing and be pivotal for a substantial proportion of breast cancer patients in Cyprus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Zanti
- Biostatistics Unit, The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Maria A. Loizidou
- Department of Cancer Genetics, Therapeutics and Ultrastructural Pathology, The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Denise G. O’Mahony
- Biostatistics Unit, The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Leila Dorling
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Joe Dennis
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Peter Devilee
- Department of Human Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
- Department of Pathology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Douglas F. Easton
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- Department of Oncology, Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Mihalis I. Panayiotidis
- Department of Cancer Genetics, Therapeutics and Ultrastructural Pathology, The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Andreas Hadjisavvas
- Department of Cancer Genetics, Therapeutics and Ultrastructural Pathology, The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Kyriaki Michailidou
- Biostatistics Unit, The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, Nicosia, Cyprus
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
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20
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Inns SJ, Chen A, Myint H, Lilic P, Ovenden C, Su HY, Hall RM. Comparative Analysis of Body Image Dissatisfaction, Depression, and Health-Related Quality of Life in Adults with Type 1 Diabetes: A Case-Control Study. Nutrients 2023; 15:3938. [PMID: 37764722 PMCID: PMC10534710 DOI: 10.3390/nu15183938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Revised: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
(1) Objective: This case-control study investigated body image dissatisfaction, depression, and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in adults with type 1 diabetes. (2) Methods: A total of 35 adults with diabetes and an equal number of age- and gender-matched controls were included. Assessment tools used were the Body Image Disturbance Questionnaire (BIDQ), the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), and the RAND 36-Item Health Survey. Both quantitative and qualitative data were analyzed. (3) Results: Body image dissatisfaction did not differ significantly between the groups. However, adults with diabetes reported higher levels of depression (p = 0.002) and lower scores for physical health (p = 0.015) and general health (p < 0.001) on the HRQoL measure. Qualitative analysis identified common themes related to physical disturbance, effect on activities, and psychosocial concerns. (4) Conclusions: Despite similar body image dissatisfaction, adults with type 1 diabetes exhibited increased depression and reduced HRQoL. These findings emphasize the need to integrate psychological well-being into type 1 diabetes management. They also support further research into the impact of body image dissatisfaction in T1D and potential interventions to address it.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen J. Inns
- Te Whatu Ora Health New Zealand, P.O. Box 793, Wellington 6140, New Zealand (C.O.)
- Department of Medicine, University of Otago, P.O. Box 7343, Wellington 6242, New Zealand
| | - Amanda Chen
- Te Whatu Ora Health New Zealand, P.O. Box 793, Wellington 6140, New Zealand (C.O.)
| | - Helen Myint
- Te Whatu Ora Health New Zealand, P.O. Box 793, Wellington 6140, New Zealand (C.O.)
| | - Priyanka Lilic
- Te Whatu Ora Health New Zealand, P.O. Box 793, Wellington 6140, New Zealand (C.O.)
| | - Crispin Ovenden
- Te Whatu Ora Health New Zealand, P.O. Box 793, Wellington 6140, New Zealand (C.O.)
| | - Heidi Y. Su
- Te Whatu Ora Health New Zealand, P.O. Box 793, Wellington 6140, New Zealand (C.O.)
| | - Rosemary M. Hall
- Te Whatu Ora Health New Zealand, P.O. Box 793, Wellington 6140, New Zealand (C.O.)
- Department of Medicine, University of Otago, P.O. Box 7343, Wellington 6242, New Zealand
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21
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Ghasemisedaghat S, Eslamian G, Kazemi SN, Rashidkhani B, Taheripanah R. Association of fertility diet score with endometriosis: a case-control study. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1222018. [PMID: 37743917 PMCID: PMC10513056 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1222018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2023] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and aims Different factors, such as environmental, epigenetic, genetic and immunological, have been identified as potential risks for developing endometriosis. However, the correlation between dietary patterns and endometriosis is currently unknown. The aim of this study was to explore the potential link between fertility diet score and the odds of endometriosis. Methods This study was a hospital-based case-control study that took place in a gynecology clinic in Tehran, Iran, between February 2021 and January 2022. A total of 107 newly diagnosed endometriosis cases and 210 controls were included. The participants' habitual diets were evaluated using a food frequency questionnaire, and their fertility diet score was estimated using a point system based on Chavarro et al.'s criteria. The logistic regression was utilized to calculate the odds ratios (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Results The study found that women who adherence to fertility diet have a lower odds of endometriosis. This was observed in both the base model and the adjusted model, with a significant decrease in odds of endometriosis by 66% (OR = 0.44, 95%CI = 0.27-0.71, p = 0.001) and 54% (aOR = 0.46, 95%CI = 0.23-0.90, p = 0.022), respectively. Additionally, consuming vegetable proteins and multivitamins were also associated with lower odds of endometriosis. On the other hand, consuming animal proteins, heme iron, and having a high glycemic load were associated with significantly higher odds of endometriosis. Conclusion Our research supports the hypothesis that following a fertility diet may decrease the odds of endometriosis in Iranian women. However, these findings should be verified through extensive, prospective studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sakine Ghasemisedaghat
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Nutrition, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ghazaleh Eslamian
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Nutrition, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyyedeh Neda Kazemi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Preventative Gynecology Research Center, Imam Hossein Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Bahram Rashidkhani
- Department of Community Nutrition, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Robabeh Taheripanah
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Men's Health and Reproductive Health Research Center, Imam Hossein Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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22
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Lucas RM, Lay MLJ, Grant J, Cherbuin N, Toi CS, Dear K, Taylor BV, Dwyer DE, Ponsonby AL. Risk of a first clinical diagnosis of central nervous system demyelination in relation to human herpesviruses in the context of Epstein-Barr virus. Eur J Neurol 2023; 30:2752-2760. [PMID: 37306550 DOI: 10.1111/ene.15919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2023] [Revised: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 06/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is implicated in multiple sclerosis (MS) risk; evidence for other herpesviruses is inconsistent. Here, we test blood markers of infection with human herpesvirus 6 (HHV-6), varicella zoster virus (VZV), and cytomegalovirus (CMV) as risk factors for a first clinical diagnosis of central nervous system demyelination (FCD) in the context of markers of EBV infection. METHODS In the Ausimmune case-control study, cases had an FCD, and population controls were matched on age, sex, and study region. We quantified HHV-6- and VZV-DNA load in whole blood and HHV-6, VZV, and CMV antibodies in serum. Conditional logistic regression tested associations with FCD risk, adjusting for Epstein-Barr nuclear antigen (EBNA) IgG, EBV-DNA load, and other covariates. RESULTS In 204 FCD cases and 215 matched controls, only HHV-6-DNA load (positive vs. negative) was associated with FCD risk (adjusted odds ratio = 2.20, 95% confidence interval = 1.08-4.46, p = 0.03). Only EBNA IgG and HHV-6-DNA positivity were retained in a predictive model of FCD risk; the combination had a stronger association than either alone. CMV-specific IgG concentration modified the association between an MS risk-related human leucocyte antigen gene and FCD risk. Six cases and one control had very high HHV-6-DNA load (>1.0 × 106 copies/mL). CONCLUSIONS HHV-6-DNA positivity and high load (possibly due to inherited HHV-6 chromosomal integration) were associated with increased FCD risk, particularly in association with markers of EBV infection. With growing interest in prevention/management of MS through EBV-related pathways, there should be additional consideration of the role of HHV-6 infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robyn M Lucas
- National Centre for Epidemiology and Population Health, Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, Australia
| | - Meav-Lang J Lay
- Clinical Virology Department, Centre for Infectious Diseases & Microbiology Laboratory Services, Institute of Clinical Pathology & Medical Research, Westmead Hospital, Westmead, New South Wales, Australia
| | - James Grant
- ANU Medical School, Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, Australia
| | - Nicolas Cherbuin
- National Centre for Epidemiology and Population Health, Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, Australia
| | - Cheryl S Toi
- Clinical Virology Department, Centre for Infectious Diseases & Microbiology Laboratory Services, Institute of Clinical Pathology & Medical Research, Westmead Hospital, Westmead, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Keith Dear
- University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Bruce V Taylor
- Menzies Research Institute Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
| | - Dominic E Dwyer
- Clinical Virology Department, Centre for Infectious Diseases & Microbiology Laboratory Services, Institute of Clinical Pathology & Medical Research, Westmead Hospital, Westmead, New South Wales, Australia
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23
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Gabbai D, Many A, Lerner-Geva L, Attali E. Risk factors for blood component therapy in parturients- Case-control study. Int J Gynaecol Obstet 2023; 162:906-912. [PMID: 37002925 DOI: 10.1002/ijgo.14747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Revised: 02/22/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Postpartum hemorrhage is a major cause of maternal morbidity and mortality, so early identification of patients at risk is crucial. In this study, we aim to assess the risk factors for major transfusion in parturients. METHODS A case-control study was conducted between 2011 and 2019. The cases included women who were treated with postpartum major transfusion compared with two control groups, one of which was treated with 1-2 packed red blood cells and one of which was not treated with packed red blood cells. Cases were matched with controls based on two variables: multiple pregnancies and previous history of three or more cesarean sections. A multivariable conditional logistic regression model was used to determine the role of the independent risk factors. RESULTS Of the 187 424 deliveries included in the present study, 246 (0.3%) women were treated with major transfusions. After applying a multivariate analysis, maternal age (odds ratio [OR] 1.07, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.996-1.16), antenatal anemia with hemoglobin less than 10 g/dL (OR 12.58, 95% CI 2.86-55.25), retained placenta (OR 5.5, 95% CI 2.15-13.78), and cesarean delivery (OR 10.12, 95% CI 0.93-1.95) remained independent risk factors for major transfusions. DISCUSSION Retained placenta and antenatal anemia (hemoglobin < 10 g/dL) are independent risk factors for major transfusion. Of these, anemia was found to be the most significant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Gabbai
- Division of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Lis Maternity Hospital, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
- School of Public Heath, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Ariel Many
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
- Division of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Maayanei Hayeshuah Medical Center, Bnei Brak, Israel
| | - Liat Lerner-Geva
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
- School of Public Heath, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
- Women and Children's Health Research Unit, Gertner Institute, Tel-Hashomer, Israel
| | - Emmanuel Attali
- Division of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Lis Maternity Hospital, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
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Vazquez-Benitez G, Haapala JL, Lipkind HS, DeSilva MB, Zhu J, Daley MF, Getahun D, Klein NP, Vesco KK, Irving SA, Nelson JC, Williams JTB, Hambidge SJ, Donahue J, Fuller CC, Weintraub ES, Olson C, Kharbanda EO. COVID-19 Vaccine Safety Surveillance in Early Pregnancy in the United States: Design Factors Affecting the Association Between Vaccine and Spontaneous Abortion. Am J Epidemiol 2023; 192:1386-1395. [PMID: 36928091 PMCID: PMC10466212 DOI: 10.1093/aje/kwad059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2022] [Revised: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023] Open
Abstract
In the Vaccine Safety Datalink (VSD), we previously reported no association between coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccination in early pregnancy and spontaneous abortion (SAB). The present study aims to understand how time since vaccine rollout or other methodological factors could affect results. Using a case-control design and generalized estimating equations, we estimated the odds ratios (ORs) of COVID-19 vaccination in the 28 days before a SAB or last date of the surveillance period (index date) in ongoing pregnancies and occurrence of SAB, across cumulative 4-week periods from December 2020 through June 2021. Using data from a single site, we evaluated alternative methodological approaches: increasing the exposure window to 42 days, modifying the index date from the last day to the midpoint of the surveillance period, and constructing a cohort design with a time-dependent exposure model. A protective effect (OR = 0.78, 95% confidence interval: 0.69, 0.89), observed with 3-cumulative periods ending March 8, 2021, was attenuated when surveillance extended to June 28, 2021 (OR = 1.02, 95% confidence interval: 0.96, 1.08). We observed a lower OR for a 42-day window compared with a 28-day window. The time-dependent model showed no association. Timing of the surveillance appears to be an important factor affecting the observed vaccine-SAB association.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela Vazquez-Benitez
- HealthPartners Institute, Bloomington, Minnesota, United States (Gabriela Vazquez-Benitez, Jacob L. Haapala, Malini B. DeSilva, Jingyi Zhu, Elyse O. Kharbanda); Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, United States (Heather S. Lipkind); Kaiser Permanente Denver, Colorado, United States (Matthew F. Daly); Kaiser Permanente Southern California, Pasadena, California, United States (Darios Getahun); Kaiser Permanente Northern California, Oakland, California, United States (Nicola P. Klein); Kaiser Permanente Northwest, Portland, Oregon, United States (Kimberly K. Vesco, Stephanie A. Irving); Kaiser Permanente Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States (Jennifer C. Nelson); Denver Health, Denver, Colorado, United States (Joshua T. B. Williams, Simon J. Hambidge); Marshfield Clinic, Marshfield, Wisconsin, United States (James Donahue); Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, United States (Candace C. Fuller); and Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, United States (Eric S. Weintraub, Christine Olson)
| | - Jacob L. Haapala
- HealthPartners Institute, Bloomington, Minnesota, United States (Gabriela Vazquez-Benitez, Jacob L. Haapala, Malini B. DeSilva, Jingyi Zhu, Elyse O. Kharbanda); Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, United States (Heather S. Lipkind); Kaiser Permanente Denver, Colorado, United States (Matthew F. Daly); Kaiser Permanente Southern California, Pasadena, California, United States (Darios Getahun); Kaiser Permanente Northern California, Oakland, California, United States (Nicola P. Klein); Kaiser Permanente Northwest, Portland, Oregon, United States (Kimberly K. Vesco, Stephanie A. Irving); Kaiser Permanente Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States (Jennifer C. Nelson); Denver Health, Denver, Colorado, United States (Joshua T. B. Williams, Simon J. Hambidge); Marshfield Clinic, Marshfield, Wisconsin, United States (James Donahue); Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, United States (Candace C. Fuller); and Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, United States (Eric S. Weintraub, Christine Olson)
| | - Heather S. Lipkind
- HealthPartners Institute, Bloomington, Minnesota, United States (Gabriela Vazquez-Benitez, Jacob L. Haapala, Malini B. DeSilva, Jingyi Zhu, Elyse O. Kharbanda); Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, United States (Heather S. Lipkind); Kaiser Permanente Denver, Colorado, United States (Matthew F. Daly); Kaiser Permanente Southern California, Pasadena, California, United States (Darios Getahun); Kaiser Permanente Northern California, Oakland, California, United States (Nicola P. Klein); Kaiser Permanente Northwest, Portland, Oregon, United States (Kimberly K. Vesco, Stephanie A. Irving); Kaiser Permanente Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States (Jennifer C. Nelson); Denver Health, Denver, Colorado, United States (Joshua T. B. Williams, Simon J. Hambidge); Marshfield Clinic, Marshfield, Wisconsin, United States (James Donahue); Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, United States (Candace C. Fuller); and Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, United States (Eric S. Weintraub, Christine Olson)
| | - Malini B. DeSilva
- HealthPartners Institute, Bloomington, Minnesota, United States (Gabriela Vazquez-Benitez, Jacob L. Haapala, Malini B. DeSilva, Jingyi Zhu, Elyse O. Kharbanda); Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, United States (Heather S. Lipkind); Kaiser Permanente Denver, Colorado, United States (Matthew F. Daly); Kaiser Permanente Southern California, Pasadena, California, United States (Darios Getahun); Kaiser Permanente Northern California, Oakland, California, United States (Nicola P. Klein); Kaiser Permanente Northwest, Portland, Oregon, United States (Kimberly K. Vesco, Stephanie A. Irving); Kaiser Permanente Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States (Jennifer C. Nelson); Denver Health, Denver, Colorado, United States (Joshua T. B. Williams, Simon J. Hambidge); Marshfield Clinic, Marshfield, Wisconsin, United States (James Donahue); Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, United States (Candace C. Fuller); and Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, United States (Eric S. Weintraub, Christine Olson)
| | - Jingyi Zhu
- HealthPartners Institute, Bloomington, Minnesota, United States (Gabriela Vazquez-Benitez, Jacob L. Haapala, Malini B. DeSilva, Jingyi Zhu, Elyse O. Kharbanda); Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, United States (Heather S. Lipkind); Kaiser Permanente Denver, Colorado, United States (Matthew F. Daly); Kaiser Permanente Southern California, Pasadena, California, United States (Darios Getahun); Kaiser Permanente Northern California, Oakland, California, United States (Nicola P. Klein); Kaiser Permanente Northwest, Portland, Oregon, United States (Kimberly K. Vesco, Stephanie A. Irving); Kaiser Permanente Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States (Jennifer C. Nelson); Denver Health, Denver, Colorado, United States (Joshua T. B. Williams, Simon J. Hambidge); Marshfield Clinic, Marshfield, Wisconsin, United States (James Donahue); Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, United States (Candace C. Fuller); and Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, United States (Eric S. Weintraub, Christine Olson)
| | - Matthew F. Daley
- HealthPartners Institute, Bloomington, Minnesota, United States (Gabriela Vazquez-Benitez, Jacob L. Haapala, Malini B. DeSilva, Jingyi Zhu, Elyse O. Kharbanda); Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, United States (Heather S. Lipkind); Kaiser Permanente Denver, Colorado, United States (Matthew F. Daly); Kaiser Permanente Southern California, Pasadena, California, United States (Darios Getahun); Kaiser Permanente Northern California, Oakland, California, United States (Nicola P. Klein); Kaiser Permanente Northwest, Portland, Oregon, United States (Kimberly K. Vesco, Stephanie A. Irving); Kaiser Permanente Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States (Jennifer C. Nelson); Denver Health, Denver, Colorado, United States (Joshua T. B. Williams, Simon J. Hambidge); Marshfield Clinic, Marshfield, Wisconsin, United States (James Donahue); Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, United States (Candace C. Fuller); and Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, United States (Eric S. Weintraub, Christine Olson)
| | - Darios Getahun
- HealthPartners Institute, Bloomington, Minnesota, United States (Gabriela Vazquez-Benitez, Jacob L. Haapala, Malini B. DeSilva, Jingyi Zhu, Elyse O. Kharbanda); Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, United States (Heather S. Lipkind); Kaiser Permanente Denver, Colorado, United States (Matthew F. Daly); Kaiser Permanente Southern California, Pasadena, California, United States (Darios Getahun); Kaiser Permanente Northern California, Oakland, California, United States (Nicola P. Klein); Kaiser Permanente Northwest, Portland, Oregon, United States (Kimberly K. Vesco, Stephanie A. Irving); Kaiser Permanente Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States (Jennifer C. Nelson); Denver Health, Denver, Colorado, United States (Joshua T. B. Williams, Simon J. Hambidge); Marshfield Clinic, Marshfield, Wisconsin, United States (James Donahue); Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, United States (Candace C. Fuller); and Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, United States (Eric S. Weintraub, Christine Olson)
| | - Nicola P. Klein
- HealthPartners Institute, Bloomington, Minnesota, United States (Gabriela Vazquez-Benitez, Jacob L. Haapala, Malini B. DeSilva, Jingyi Zhu, Elyse O. Kharbanda); Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, United States (Heather S. Lipkind); Kaiser Permanente Denver, Colorado, United States (Matthew F. Daly); Kaiser Permanente Southern California, Pasadena, California, United States (Darios Getahun); Kaiser Permanente Northern California, Oakland, California, United States (Nicola P. Klein); Kaiser Permanente Northwest, Portland, Oregon, United States (Kimberly K. Vesco, Stephanie A. Irving); Kaiser Permanente Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States (Jennifer C. Nelson); Denver Health, Denver, Colorado, United States (Joshua T. B. Williams, Simon J. Hambidge); Marshfield Clinic, Marshfield, Wisconsin, United States (James Donahue); Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, United States (Candace C. Fuller); and Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, United States (Eric S. Weintraub, Christine Olson)
| | - Kimberly K. Vesco
- HealthPartners Institute, Bloomington, Minnesota, United States (Gabriela Vazquez-Benitez, Jacob L. Haapala, Malini B. DeSilva, Jingyi Zhu, Elyse O. Kharbanda); Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, United States (Heather S. Lipkind); Kaiser Permanente Denver, Colorado, United States (Matthew F. Daly); Kaiser Permanente Southern California, Pasadena, California, United States (Darios Getahun); Kaiser Permanente Northern California, Oakland, California, United States (Nicola P. Klein); Kaiser Permanente Northwest, Portland, Oregon, United States (Kimberly K. Vesco, Stephanie A. Irving); Kaiser Permanente Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States (Jennifer C. Nelson); Denver Health, Denver, Colorado, United States (Joshua T. B. Williams, Simon J. Hambidge); Marshfield Clinic, Marshfield, Wisconsin, United States (James Donahue); Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, United States (Candace C. Fuller); and Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, United States (Eric S. Weintraub, Christine Olson)
| | - Stephanie A. Irving
- HealthPartners Institute, Bloomington, Minnesota, United States (Gabriela Vazquez-Benitez, Jacob L. Haapala, Malini B. DeSilva, Jingyi Zhu, Elyse O. Kharbanda); Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, United States (Heather S. Lipkind); Kaiser Permanente Denver, Colorado, United States (Matthew F. Daly); Kaiser Permanente Southern California, Pasadena, California, United States (Darios Getahun); Kaiser Permanente Northern California, Oakland, California, United States (Nicola P. Klein); Kaiser Permanente Northwest, Portland, Oregon, United States (Kimberly K. Vesco, Stephanie A. Irving); Kaiser Permanente Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States (Jennifer C. Nelson); Denver Health, Denver, Colorado, United States (Joshua T. B. Williams, Simon J. Hambidge); Marshfield Clinic, Marshfield, Wisconsin, United States (James Donahue); Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, United States (Candace C. Fuller); and Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, United States (Eric S. Weintraub, Christine Olson)
| | - Jennifer C. Nelson
- HealthPartners Institute, Bloomington, Minnesota, United States (Gabriela Vazquez-Benitez, Jacob L. Haapala, Malini B. DeSilva, Jingyi Zhu, Elyse O. Kharbanda); Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, United States (Heather S. Lipkind); Kaiser Permanente Denver, Colorado, United States (Matthew F. Daly); Kaiser Permanente Southern California, Pasadena, California, United States (Darios Getahun); Kaiser Permanente Northern California, Oakland, California, United States (Nicola P. Klein); Kaiser Permanente Northwest, Portland, Oregon, United States (Kimberly K. Vesco, Stephanie A. Irving); Kaiser Permanente Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States (Jennifer C. Nelson); Denver Health, Denver, Colorado, United States (Joshua T. B. Williams, Simon J. Hambidge); Marshfield Clinic, Marshfield, Wisconsin, United States (James Donahue); Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, United States (Candace C. Fuller); and Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, United States (Eric S. Weintraub, Christine Olson)
| | - Joshua T. B. Williams
- HealthPartners Institute, Bloomington, Minnesota, United States (Gabriela Vazquez-Benitez, Jacob L. Haapala, Malini B. DeSilva, Jingyi Zhu, Elyse O. Kharbanda); Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, United States (Heather S. Lipkind); Kaiser Permanente Denver, Colorado, United States (Matthew F. Daly); Kaiser Permanente Southern California, Pasadena, California, United States (Darios Getahun); Kaiser Permanente Northern California, Oakland, California, United States (Nicola P. Klein); Kaiser Permanente Northwest, Portland, Oregon, United States (Kimberly K. Vesco, Stephanie A. Irving); Kaiser Permanente Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States (Jennifer C. Nelson); Denver Health, Denver, Colorado, United States (Joshua T. B. Williams, Simon J. Hambidge); Marshfield Clinic, Marshfield, Wisconsin, United States (James Donahue); Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, United States (Candace C. Fuller); and Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, United States (Eric S. Weintraub, Christine Olson)
| | - Simon J. Hambidge
- HealthPartners Institute, Bloomington, Minnesota, United States (Gabriela Vazquez-Benitez, Jacob L. Haapala, Malini B. DeSilva, Jingyi Zhu, Elyse O. Kharbanda); Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, United States (Heather S. Lipkind); Kaiser Permanente Denver, Colorado, United States (Matthew F. Daly); Kaiser Permanente Southern California, Pasadena, California, United States (Darios Getahun); Kaiser Permanente Northern California, Oakland, California, United States (Nicola P. Klein); Kaiser Permanente Northwest, Portland, Oregon, United States (Kimberly K. Vesco, Stephanie A. Irving); Kaiser Permanente Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States (Jennifer C. Nelson); Denver Health, Denver, Colorado, United States (Joshua T. B. Williams, Simon J. Hambidge); Marshfield Clinic, Marshfield, Wisconsin, United States (James Donahue); Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, United States (Candace C. Fuller); and Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, United States (Eric S. Weintraub, Christine Olson)
| | - James Donahue
- HealthPartners Institute, Bloomington, Minnesota, United States (Gabriela Vazquez-Benitez, Jacob L. Haapala, Malini B. DeSilva, Jingyi Zhu, Elyse O. Kharbanda); Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, United States (Heather S. Lipkind); Kaiser Permanente Denver, Colorado, United States (Matthew F. Daly); Kaiser Permanente Southern California, Pasadena, California, United States (Darios Getahun); Kaiser Permanente Northern California, Oakland, California, United States (Nicola P. Klein); Kaiser Permanente Northwest, Portland, Oregon, United States (Kimberly K. Vesco, Stephanie A. Irving); Kaiser Permanente Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States (Jennifer C. Nelson); Denver Health, Denver, Colorado, United States (Joshua T. B. Williams, Simon J. Hambidge); Marshfield Clinic, Marshfield, Wisconsin, United States (James Donahue); Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, United States (Candace C. Fuller); and Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, United States (Eric S. Weintraub, Christine Olson)
| | - Candace C. Fuller
- HealthPartners Institute, Bloomington, Minnesota, United States (Gabriela Vazquez-Benitez, Jacob L. Haapala, Malini B. DeSilva, Jingyi Zhu, Elyse O. Kharbanda); Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, United States (Heather S. Lipkind); Kaiser Permanente Denver, Colorado, United States (Matthew F. Daly); Kaiser Permanente Southern California, Pasadena, California, United States (Darios Getahun); Kaiser Permanente Northern California, Oakland, California, United States (Nicola P. Klein); Kaiser Permanente Northwest, Portland, Oregon, United States (Kimberly K. Vesco, Stephanie A. Irving); Kaiser Permanente Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States (Jennifer C. Nelson); Denver Health, Denver, Colorado, United States (Joshua T. B. Williams, Simon J. Hambidge); Marshfield Clinic, Marshfield, Wisconsin, United States (James Donahue); Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, United States (Candace C. Fuller); and Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, United States (Eric S. Weintraub, Christine Olson)
| | - Eric S. Weintraub
- HealthPartners Institute, Bloomington, Minnesota, United States (Gabriela Vazquez-Benitez, Jacob L. Haapala, Malini B. DeSilva, Jingyi Zhu, Elyse O. Kharbanda); Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, United States (Heather S. Lipkind); Kaiser Permanente Denver, Colorado, United States (Matthew F. Daly); Kaiser Permanente Southern California, Pasadena, California, United States (Darios Getahun); Kaiser Permanente Northern California, Oakland, California, United States (Nicola P. Klein); Kaiser Permanente Northwest, Portland, Oregon, United States (Kimberly K. Vesco, Stephanie A. Irving); Kaiser Permanente Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States (Jennifer C. Nelson); Denver Health, Denver, Colorado, United States (Joshua T. B. Williams, Simon J. Hambidge); Marshfield Clinic, Marshfield, Wisconsin, United States (James Donahue); Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, United States (Candace C. Fuller); and Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, United States (Eric S. Weintraub, Christine Olson)
| | - Christine Olson
- HealthPartners Institute, Bloomington, Minnesota, United States (Gabriela Vazquez-Benitez, Jacob L. Haapala, Malini B. DeSilva, Jingyi Zhu, Elyse O. Kharbanda); Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, United States (Heather S. Lipkind); Kaiser Permanente Denver, Colorado, United States (Matthew F. Daly); Kaiser Permanente Southern California, Pasadena, California, United States (Darios Getahun); Kaiser Permanente Northern California, Oakland, California, United States (Nicola P. Klein); Kaiser Permanente Northwest, Portland, Oregon, United States (Kimberly K. Vesco, Stephanie A. Irving); Kaiser Permanente Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States (Jennifer C. Nelson); Denver Health, Denver, Colorado, United States (Joshua T. B. Williams, Simon J. Hambidge); Marshfield Clinic, Marshfield, Wisconsin, United States (James Donahue); Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, United States (Candace C. Fuller); and Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, United States (Eric S. Weintraub, Christine Olson)
| | - Elyse O. Kharbanda
- HealthPartners Institute, Bloomington, Minnesota, United States (Gabriela Vazquez-Benitez, Jacob L. Haapala, Malini B. DeSilva, Jingyi Zhu, Elyse O. Kharbanda); Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, United States (Heather S. Lipkind); Kaiser Permanente Denver, Colorado, United States (Matthew F. Daly); Kaiser Permanente Southern California, Pasadena, California, United States (Darios Getahun); Kaiser Permanente Northern California, Oakland, California, United States (Nicola P. Klein); Kaiser Permanente Northwest, Portland, Oregon, United States (Kimberly K. Vesco, Stephanie A. Irving); Kaiser Permanente Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States (Jennifer C. Nelson); Denver Health, Denver, Colorado, United States (Joshua T. B. Williams, Simon J. Hambidge); Marshfield Clinic, Marshfield, Wisconsin, United States (James Donahue); Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, United States (Candace C. Fuller); and Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, United States (Eric S. Weintraub, Christine Olson)
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Kiros BM, Fisseha G, Gebreslassie AA, Gufue ZH, Ebuy H, Belew MT, Reda GZ, Mohammed HM. Neonatal Jaundice: Its Determinants Among Neonates Admitted to Neonatal Intensive Care Units of Tigray Region General Hospitals, Northern Ethiopia. Glob Pediatr Health 2023; 10:2333794X231190518. [PMID: 37546380 PMCID: PMC10402284 DOI: 10.1177/2333794x231190518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Revised: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background. Despite the significant public health impact of neonatal jaundice on neonatal survival, local epidemiologic data are scarce. Methods. A multi-centered, unmatched case-control study was conducted among 180 consecutively admitted neonates (60 cases and 120 controls). The independent determinants of newborn jaundice were determined using a multivariable binary logistic regression model, and a P-value of <0.05 was used to indicate statistical significance. Results. Maternal medical complications during the index pregnancy (AOR = 2.45; 95% CI 1.01-5.97), rural residence (AOR = 3.1; 95% CI 1.02-9.42), being a low birthweight neonate (AOR = 3.42; 95% CI 1.12-10.41), neonatal B blood group (AOR = 10.19; 95% CI 2.89-35.9), neonatal O blood group (AOR = 2.99; 95% CI 1.04-8.59), and a longer duration of hospital stay (AOR = 9.83; 95% CI 3.11-31.02) were the independent determinants of neonatal jaundice. Conclusions. Early assessment of high-risk neonates might reduce the long-term neurodevelopmental consequences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Berhe Mengesha Kiros
- Department of Nursing, Dr. Tewelde Legesse Health Sciences College, Mekelle, Ethiopia
| | - Girmatsion Fisseha
- 2School of Public Health, College of Health Sciences, Mekelle University, Ethiopia
| | | | - Zenawi Hagos Gufue
- Department of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Adigrat University, Ethiopia
| | - Haftamu Ebuy
- 2School of Public Health, College of Health Sciences, Mekelle University, Ethiopia
| | - Molla Teferi Belew
- 2School of Public Health, College of Health Sciences, Mekelle University, Ethiopia
| | | | - Hayat Maeruf Mohammed
- Department of Nursing, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Adigrat University, Ethiopia
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26
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Zhang F, Peng H, Fu C, Deng Y, Zhang M, Li W, Zhong J, Zhou Q, Huang L, Xiao S, Zhao J. Association Between HTRA1, GAS6 and IFNGR2 Gene Polymorphisms and Stroke Susceptibility in the Chinese Han Population. Pharmgenomics Pers Med 2023; 16:717-727. [PMID: 37441189 PMCID: PMC10335315 DOI: 10.2147/pgpm.s408911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Stroke has a high disability rate, and 30% of stroke cases have an unknown cause. Accurate diagnosis and treatment of stroke requires consideration of several rare heritable and non-heritable factors. Objective This study aimed to evaluate the impacts of three genetic polymorphisms (rs369149111 in HTRA1, rs1803628 in GAS6 and rs9808753 in IFNGR2) on stroke susceptibility among the Chinese Han population. Methods Three single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) from 623 stroke cases and 572 healthy controls were genotyped by the Agena MassARRAY platform. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated by logistic regression analysis to evaluate the associations of three SNPs with stroke susceptibility. Additionally, SNP-SNP interactions were analyzed by multifactor dimensionality reduction (MDR). Results As demonstrated by the overall analysis, rs9808753 in IFNGR2 (allele: OR = 1.25, 95% CI = 1.06-1.47, p = 0.007; homozygous: OR = 1.59, 95% CI = 1.14-2.23, p = 0.007; dominant: OR = 1.31, 95% CI = 1.02-1.67, p = 0.032; recessive: OR = 1.42, 95% CI = 1.05-1.91, p = 0.022; additive: OR = 1.26, 95% CI = 1.07-1.48, p = 0.007) was associated with an increased susceptibility to stroke. Besides, stratification analysis suggested that rs9808753 was associated with an increased risk of stroke in subgroup aged ≤ 64 years, males and drinkers (p < 0.05). And rs1803628 in GAS6 was significantly associated with an increased susceptibility to stroke in non-smokers (p < 0.05). Conclusion A risk-increasing effect of IFNGR2 rs980875 on stroke was detected in this study, which further broadens the understanding of the relationship between genetic polymorphisms and stroke susceptibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Zhang
- Department of Cerebrovascular Disease, Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Hainan General Hospital, Haikou, Hainan, 570311, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hao Peng
- Department of Cerebrovascular Disease, Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Hainan General Hospital, Haikou, Hainan, 570311, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chuanyi Fu
- Department of Cerebrovascular Disease, Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Hainan General Hospital, Haikou, Hainan, 570311, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yidong Deng
- Department of Cerebrovascular Disease, Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Hainan General Hospital, Haikou, Hainan, 570311, People’s Republic of China
| | - Mao Zhang
- Department of Cerebrovascular Disease, Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Hainan General Hospital, Haikou, Hainan, 570311, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wenan Li
- Department of Cerebrovascular Disease, Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Hainan General Hospital, Haikou, Hainan, 570311, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jian Zhong
- Department of Cerebrovascular Disease, Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Hainan General Hospital, Haikou, Hainan, 570311, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qing Zhou
- Department of Cerebrovascular Disease, Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Hainan General Hospital, Haikou, Hainan, 570311, People’s Republic of China
| | - Li Huang
- Department of Cerebrovascular Disease, Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Hainan General Hospital, Haikou, Hainan, 570311, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shuli Xiao
- Department of Cerebrovascular Disease, Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Hainan General Hospital, Haikou, Hainan, 570311, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jiannong Zhao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hainan Medical University, Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Hainan General Hospital, Haikou, Hainan, 571199, People’s Republic of China
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27
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Ruth AL, Rehman U, Stewart P, Moore LE, Yucel R, Taylor Wilson R. Maternal and Paternal Household Pesticide Exposure During Pregnancy and Risk of Childhood Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia. J Occup Environ Med 2023; 65:595-604. [PMID: 37015736 PMCID: PMC10464523 DOI: 10.1097/jom.0000000000002859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to investigate whether risk estimates for childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia change when restricting model comparison groups to "nonpesticide exposure" (NPE10) households. METHODS Cases ( n = 1810) 15 years or younger were identified through Children's Cancer Group institutions between 1989 and 1993 and age-/sex-matched to controls ( n = 1951). Household pesticide use during pregnancy/month prior was collected via telephone. NPE10 comparison group reporting no parental exposure to 10 pesticide classes was identified. RESULTS Adjusted odds ratios increased from 15% to 49% when limiting the comparison to NPE10. Maternal termite insecticide exposure was associated with greatest risk (adjusted odds ratio, 4.21; 95% confidence interval, 2.00-8.88). There was minimal evidence of interaction by child sex or occupational pesticide exposure, and no monotonic dose-response pattern with frequency of use (times per year). CONCLUSIONS Elevated risks are consistent with published pooled-/meta-analyses and DNA damage. The consistency and magnitude of these associations warrant product labeling, exposure reduction interventions, or both.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra L Ruth
- From the Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania (A.R., U.R., R.Y., R.T.W.); Stewart Exposure Assessments, LLC, Arlington, Virginia (P.S.); and Occupational and Environmental Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, Maryland (L.E.M.)
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28
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Palomar-Cros A, Straif K, Romaguera D, Aragonés N, Castaño-Vinyals G, Martin V, Moreno V, Gómez-Acebo I, Guevara M, Aizpurua A, Molina-Barceló A, Jiménez-Moleón JJ, Tardón A, Contreras-Llanes M, Marcos-Gragera R, Huerta JM, Pérez-Gómez B, Espinosa A, Hernández-Segura N, Obón-Santacana M, Alonso-Molero J, Burgui R, Amiano P, Pinto-Carbó M, Olmedo-Requena R, Fernández-Tardón G, Santos-Sánchez V, Fernández de Larrea-Baz N, Fernández-Villa T, Casabonne D, Dierssen-Sotos T, Ardanaz E, Dorronsoro A, Pollán M, Kogevinas M, Lassale C. Consumption of aspartame and other artificial sweeteners and risk of cancer in the Spanish multi case-control study (MCC-Spain). Int J Cancer 2023. [PMID: 37323037 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.34577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2023] [Revised: 05/03/2023] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Use of artificial sweeteners (AS) such as aspartame, cyclamate, saccharin and sucralose is widespread. We evaluated the association of use of aspartame and other AS with cancer. In total 1881 colorectal, 1510 breast, 972 prostate and 351 stomach cancer and 109 chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (CLL) cases and 3629 population controls from the Spanish Multicase-Control (MCC-Spain) study were recruited (2008-2013). The consumption of AS, from table-top sweeteners and artificially sweetened beverages, was assessed through a self-administered and validated food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). Sex-specific quartiles among controls were determined to compare moderate consumers (<third quartile) and high consumers (≥ third quartile) vs non consumers (reference category), distinguishing aspartame-containing products and other AS. Unconditional logistic regression models were used to estimate adjusted OR and 95%CI, and results were stratified by diabetes status. Overall, we found no associations between the consumption of aspartame or other AS and cancer. Among participants with diabetes, high consumption of other AS was associated with colorectal cancer (OR = 1.58, 95% CI 1.05-2.41, P trend = .03) and stomach cancer (OR = 2.27 [0.99-5.44], P trend = .06). High consumption of aspartame, was associated with stomach cancer (OR = 2.04 [0.7-5.4], P trend = .05), while a lower risk was observed for breast cancer (OR = 0.28 [0.08-0.83], P trend = .03). In some cancers, the number of cases in participants with diabetes were small and results should be interpreted cautiously. We did not find associations between use of AS and cancer, but found associations between high consumption of aspartame and other AS and different cancer types among participants with diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Palomar-Cros
- Barcelona Institute for Global Health (ISGlobal), Barcelona, Spain
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER Epidemiology and Public Health CIBERESP ISCIII, Madrid, Spain
| | - Kurt Straif
- Barcelona Institute for Global Health (ISGlobal), Barcelona, Spain
- Boston College, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Dora Romaguera
- Barcelona Institute for Global Health (ISGlobal), Barcelona, Spain
- Health Research Institute of the Balearic Islands (IdISBa), Palma, Spain
- CIBER Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBEROBN), Madrid, Spain
| | - Nuria Aragonés
- CIBER Epidemiology and Public Health CIBERESP ISCIII, Madrid, Spain
- Public Health Division, Department of Health, Madrid, Spain
| | - Gemma Castaño-Vinyals
- Barcelona Institute for Global Health (ISGlobal), Barcelona, Spain
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER Epidemiology and Public Health CIBERESP ISCIII, Madrid, Spain
- IMIM (Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Vicente Martin
- CIBER Epidemiology and Public Health CIBERESP ISCIII, Madrid, Spain
- The Research Group in Gene-Environment and Health Interactions (GIIGAS)/Institute of Biomedicine (IBIOMED), Universidad de León, León, Spain
| | - Victor Moreno
- CIBER Epidemiology and Public Health CIBERESP ISCIII, Madrid, Spain
- Cancer Epidemiology Research Program, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
- Catalan Institute of Oncology, Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Inés Gómez-Acebo
- CIBER Epidemiology and Public Health CIBERESP ISCIII, Madrid, Spain
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Cantabria, Santander, Spain
- IDIVAL-Instituto de investigación sanitaria Valdecilla, Santander, Spain
| | - Marcela Guevara
- CIBER Epidemiology and Public Health CIBERESP ISCIII, Madrid, Spain
- Institute of Public and Occupational Health of Navarre (ISPLN), Pamplona, Spain
- IdiSNA, Navarra Institute for Health Research, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Amaia Aizpurua
- Ministry of Health of the Basque Government, Sub Directorate for Public Health and Addictions of Gipuzkoa, San Sebastian, Spain
- Biodonostia Health Research Institute, Epidemiology of Chronic and Communicable Diseases Group, San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Ana Molina-Barceló
- Cancer and Public Health Research Unit, Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research, (FISABIO-Public Health), Valencia, Spain
| | - José-Juan Jiménez-Moleón
- CIBER Epidemiology and Public Health CIBERESP ISCIII, Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADA, Complejo Hospitales Universitarios de Granada/Universidad de Granada, Granada, Spain
- Departamento de Medicina Preventiva y Salud Pública, Universidad de Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Adonina Tardón
- CIBER Epidemiology and Public Health CIBERESP ISCIII, Madrid, Spain
- University of Oviedo, Health Research Institute of Asturias (ISPA), Asturias, Spain
| | - Manuel Contreras-Llanes
- Centro de Investigación en Recursos Naturales, Salud y Medio Ambiente (RENSMA), Universidad de Huelva, Huelva, Spain
- Grupo de investigación en Epidemiología Clínica, Ambiental y Transformación Social (EPICAS), Departamento de Sociología, Trabajo Social y Salud Pública, Universidad de Huelva, Huelva, Spain
| | - Rafael Marcos-Gragera
- CIBER Epidemiology and Public Health CIBERESP ISCIII, Madrid, Spain
- Epidemiology Unit and Girona Cancer Registry, Oncology Coordination Plan, Department of Health, Autonomous Government of Catalonia, Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO), Girona Biomedical Research Institute (IdiBGi), Girona, Spain
| | - José Mª Huerta
- CIBER Epidemiology and Public Health CIBERESP ISCIII, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Epidemiology, Murcia Regional Health Council-IMIB, Murcia, Spain
| | - Beatriz Pérez-Gómez
- CIBER Epidemiology and Public Health CIBERESP ISCIII, Madrid, Spain
- National Centre for Epidemiology, Carlos III Institute of Health, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana Espinosa
- Barcelona Institute for Global Health (ISGlobal), Barcelona, Spain
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER Epidemiology and Public Health CIBERESP ISCIII, Madrid, Spain
- IMIM (Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Natalia Hernández-Segura
- The Research Group in Gene-Environment and Health Interactions (GIIGAS)/Institute of Biomedicine (IBIOMED), Universidad de León, León, Spain
| | - Mireia Obón-Santacana
- CIBER Epidemiology and Public Health CIBERESP ISCIII, Madrid, Spain
- Cancer Epidemiology Research Program, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
- Catalan Institute of Oncology, Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jessica Alonso-Molero
- CIBER Epidemiology and Public Health CIBERESP ISCIII, Madrid, Spain
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Cantabria, Santander, Spain
- IDIVAL-Instituto de investigación sanitaria Valdecilla, Santander, Spain
| | - Rosana Burgui
- CIBER Epidemiology and Public Health CIBERESP ISCIII, Madrid, Spain
- Institute of Public and Occupational Health of Navarre (ISPLN), Pamplona, Spain
- IdiSNA, Navarra Institute for Health Research, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Pilar Amiano
- CIBER Epidemiology and Public Health CIBERESP ISCIII, Madrid, Spain
- Ministry of Health of the Basque Government, Sub Directorate for Public Health and Addictions of Gipuzkoa, San Sebastian, Spain
- Biodonostia Health Research Institute, Epidemiology of Chronic and Communicable Diseases Group, San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Marina Pinto-Carbó
- Cancer and Public Health Research Unit, Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research, (FISABIO-Public Health), Valencia, Spain
| | - Rocio Olmedo-Requena
- CIBER Epidemiology and Public Health CIBERESP ISCIII, Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADA, Complejo Hospitales Universitarios de Granada/Universidad de Granada, Granada, Spain
- Departamento de Medicina Preventiva y Salud Pública, Universidad de Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Guillermo Fernández-Tardón
- CIBER Epidemiology and Public Health CIBERESP ISCIII, Madrid, Spain
- University of Oviedo, Health Research Institute of Asturias (ISPA), Asturias, Spain
| | - Vanessa Santos-Sánchez
- Grupo de investigación en Epidemiología Clínica, Ambiental y Transformación Social (EPICAS), Departamento de Sociología, Trabajo Social y Salud Pública, Universidad de Huelva, Huelva, Spain
| | - Nerea Fernández de Larrea-Baz
- CIBER Epidemiology and Public Health CIBERESP ISCIII, Madrid, Spain
- National Centre for Epidemiology, Carlos III Institute of Health, Madrid, Spain
| | - Tania Fernández-Villa
- CIBER Epidemiology and Public Health CIBERESP ISCIII, Madrid, Spain
- The Research Group in Gene-Environment and Health Interactions (GIIGAS)/Institute of Biomedicine (IBIOMED), Universidad de León, León, Spain
| | - Delphine Casabonne
- CIBER Epidemiology and Public Health CIBERESP ISCIII, Madrid, Spain
- Cancer Epidemiology Research Program, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
- Catalan Institute of Oncology, Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Trinidad Dierssen-Sotos
- CIBER Epidemiology and Public Health CIBERESP ISCIII, Madrid, Spain
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Cantabria, Santander, Spain
- IDIVAL-Instituto de investigación sanitaria Valdecilla, Santander, Spain
| | - Eva Ardanaz
- CIBER Epidemiology and Public Health CIBERESP ISCIII, Madrid, Spain
- Institute of Public and Occupational Health of Navarre (ISPLN), Pamplona, Spain
- IdiSNA, Navarra Institute for Health Research, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Ane Dorronsoro
- Ministry of Health of the Basque Government, Sub Directorate for Public Health and Addictions of Gipuzkoa, San Sebastian, Spain
- Biodonostia Health Research Institute, Epidemiology of Chronic and Communicable Diseases Group, San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Marina Pollán
- CIBER Epidemiology and Public Health CIBERESP ISCIII, Madrid, Spain
- National Centre for Epidemiology, Carlos III Institute of Health, Madrid, Spain
| | - Manolis Kogevinas
- Barcelona Institute for Global Health (ISGlobal), Barcelona, Spain
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER Epidemiology and Public Health CIBERESP ISCIII, Madrid, Spain
- IMIM (Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Camille Lassale
- Barcelona Institute for Global Health (ISGlobal), Barcelona, Spain
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBEROBN), Madrid, Spain
- IMIM (Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute), Barcelona, Spain
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La Torre G, Paglione G, Barone LC, Cammalleri V, Faticoni A, Marte M, Pocino RN, Previte CM, Bongiovanni A, Colaprico C, Ricci E, Imeshtari V, Manai MV, Shaholli D, Barletta VI, Carluccio G, Moretti L, Vezza F, Volpicelli L, Massetti AP, Cinti L, Roberto P, Napoli A, Antonelli G, Mastroianni CM, Sernia S. Evaluation of the Factors Associated with Reinfections towards SARS-CoV-2 Using a Case Control Design. J Clin Med 2023; 12:jcm12113861. [PMID: 37298055 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12113861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2023] [Revised: 05/27/2023] [Accepted: 06/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The risk of reinfection with SARS-CoV-2 has been rapidly increased with the circulation of concerns about variants. So, the aim of our study was to evaluate the factors that increase the risk of this reinfection in healthcare workers compared to those who have never been positive and those who have had only one positivity. METHODS A case-control study was carried out at the Teaching Hospital Policlinico Umberto I in Rome, Sapienza University of Rome, in the period between 6 March 2020 and 3 June 2022. Cases are healthcare workers who have developed a reinfection with the SARS-CoV-2 virus, while controls were either healthcare workers who tested positive once or those who have never tested positive for SARS-CoV-2. RESULTS 134 cases and 267 controls were recruited. Female gender is associated with a higher odds of developing reinfection (OR: 2.42; 95% CI: 1.38-4.25). Moreover, moderate or high alcohol consumption is associated with higher odds of reinfection (OR: 1.49; 95% CI: 1.19-1.87). Diabetes is also associated with higher odds of reinfection (OR: 3.45; 95% CI: 1.41-8.46). Finally, subjects with increased red blood cell counts have higher odds of reinfection (OR: 1.69; 95% CI: 1.21-2.25). CONCLUSION From the prevention point of view, these findings indicate that particular attention should be paid to subjects with diabetes mellitus, women and alcoholic drinkers. These results could also suggest that contact tracing represents a fundamental approach model against the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, together with the health information of participants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe La Torre
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Gianluca Paglione
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Lavinia Camilla Barone
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Vittoria Cammalleri
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Augusto Faticoni
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Mattia Marte
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Roberta Noemi Pocino
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Carlo Maria Previte
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Andrea Bongiovanni
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Corrado Colaprico
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Eleonora Ricci
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Valentin Imeshtari
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Vittoria Manai
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - David Shaholli
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Vanessa India Barletta
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Giovanna Carluccio
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Luca Moretti
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Francesca Vezza
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Volpicelli
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Anna Paola Massetti
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Lilia Cinti
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Piergiorgio Roberto
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Anna Napoli
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Guido Antonelli
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | | | - Sabina Sernia
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
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Marder EP, Cui Z, Bruce BB, Richardson LC, Boyle MM, Cieslak PR, Comstock N, Lathrop S, Garman K, McGuire S, Olson D, Vugia DJ, Wilson S, Griffin PM, Medus C. Risk Factors for Non-O157 Shiga Toxin-Producing Escherichia coli Infections, United States. Emerg Infect Dis 2023; 29:1183-1190. [PMID: 37209671 DOI: 10.3201/eid2906.221521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) causes acute diarrheal illness. To determine risk factors for non-O157 STEC infection, we enrolled 939 patients and 2,464 healthy controls in a case-control study conducted in 10 US sites. The highest population-attributable fractions for domestically acquired infections were for eating lettuce (39%), tomatoes (21%), or at a fast-food restaurant (23%). Exposures with 10%-19% population attributable fractions included eating at a table service restaurant, eating watermelon, eating chicken, pork, beef, or iceberg lettuce prepared in a restaurant, eating exotic fruit, taking acid-reducing medication, and living or working on or visiting a farm. Significant exposures with high individual-level risk (odds ratio >10) among those >1 year of age who did not travel internationally were all from farm animal environments. To markedly decrease the number of STEC-related illnesses, prevention measures should focus on decreasing contamination of produce and improving the safety of foods prepared in restaurants.
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Sandler RS, Sun S, Keku TO, Woosley JT, Anderson C, Peery AF, Fodor A. Dietary Calcium and Risk of Microscopic Colitis. Clin Transl Gastroenterol 2023; 14:e00569. [PMID: 37377217 PMCID: PMC10299767 DOI: 10.14309/ctg.0000000000000569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Microscopic colitis (MC) is an increasingly common cause of watery diarrhea particularly in older individuals. The role of diet in MC has received little study. METHODS We conducted a case-control study at a single institution enrolling patients referred for elective outpatient colonoscopy for diarrhea. Patients were classified as cases with MC or non-MC controls after a review of colon biopsies by 1 research pathologist. Study subjects were interviewed by a trained telephone interviewer using a validated food frequency questionnaire. Adherent microbes were evaluated from colonic biopsies using 16s rRNA sequencing. RESULTS The study population included 106 cases with MC and 215 controls. Compared with controls, the cases were older, better educated, and more likely to be female. Cases with MC had lower body mass index and were more likely to have lost weight. Subjects in the highest quartile of dietary calcium intake had a lower risk of MC compared with those in the lowest quartile (adjusted odds ratio 0.22, 95% confidence interval 0.07-0.76). The findings were not explained by dairy intake, body mass index, or weight loss. We found that dietary calcium intake had significant associations with the abundance of Actinobacteria and Coriobacteriales in the microbial community of colonic biopsies. DISCUSSION Compared with patients with diarrhea, cases with MC had a lower intake of dietary calcium. Diet can be associated with alterations in the gut microbiota and with luminal factors that could affect the risk of MC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert S. Sandler
- Center for Gastrointestinal Biology and Disease, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Shan Sun
- Center for Gastrointestinal Biology and Disease, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Temitope O. Keku
- Center for Gastrointestinal Biology and Disease, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - John T. Woosley
- Department of Pathology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Chelsea Anderson
- Center for Gastrointestinal Biology and Disease, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Anne F. Peery
- Center for Gastrointestinal Biology and Disease, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Anthony Fodor
- Department of Bioinformatics and Genomics, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Charlotte, North Carolina, USA
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Milot C, Koch A, Averous G, Mayeur S, Deruelle P. Development of placental lesions after recovery from COVID-19 during pregnancy: case-control study. BJOG 2023. [PMID: 37005912 DOI: 10.1111/1471-0528.17458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/12/2023] [Indexed: 04/04/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To study whether the occurrence and type of placental lesions vary according to the time of onset of COVID-19 in pregnant women. DESIGN Case-control study. SETTING Departments of Gynaecology-Obstetrics and Pathology, Strasbourg University Hospital, France. POPULATION Cases were 49 placentas of women with COVID-19. Controls were 50 placentas from women who had a past history of molar pregnancy. COVID-19 placentas were categorised based on whether birth occurred at more or less than 14 days post-infection. METHODS Comparison between case and controls. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Maternal and neonatal outcomes were recorded. Macroscopic and microscopic examination of the placentas was performed. RESULTS The rate of vascular complications was higher in the COVID groups than in the controls (8 [16.3%] versus 1 [2%], p = 0.02). Signs of fetal (22[44.9%] versus 13 [26%], p = 0.05) and maternal (44 [89.8%] versus 36 [72.0%], p = 0.02) vascular malperfusion and signs of inflammation (11 [22.4%] versus 3 [6.0%], p = 0.019) were significantly more common in the COVID-19 groups than in the control group. Fetal malperfusion lesions (9 [39.1%] versus 13 [50.0%], p = 0.45) and placental inflammation (4 [17.4%] versus 7 [26.9%], p = 0.42) rates were not significantly different between the two COVID-19 groups. Chronic villitis was significantly more common when the delivery occurred >14 days after infection than in the group that delivered <14 days after infection (7 [26.9%] versus 1 [4.4%], p = 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Our study suggests that SARS-COV-2 induces placental lesions that evolve after disease recovery, especially with the development of inflammatory lesions, such as chronic villitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Milot
- Obstetrics and Gynaecology Department, Strasbourg University Hospitals, Strasbourg, France
| | - A Koch
- Obstetrics and Gynaecology Department, Strasbourg University Hospitals, Strasbourg, France
| | - G Averous
- Pathology Department, Strasbourg University Hospitals, Strasbourg, France
| | - S Mayeur
- Pathology Department, Strasbourg University Hospitals, Strasbourg, France
| | - P Deruelle
- Obstetrics and Gynaecology Department, Strasbourg University Hospitals, Strasbourg, France
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Ghasemi F, Abbasi K, Ghiasvand R, Clark CCT, Rouhani MH. The association between dietary acid load and risk of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder: a case-control study. Child Neuropsychol 2023; 29:474-485. [PMID: 35818308 DOI: 10.1080/09297049.2022.2099536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
Although previous studies have suggested that dietary acid load may be associated with mental health, the relationship between food-induced acid production and odds of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder remains (ADHD) unclear. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the relationship between dietary renal acid load and odds of ADHD among children. A case-control study was designed to assess the data of 500 children aged 4 to 12 years (200 children with diagnosed ADHD and 300 control group). Patients were clinically diagnosed according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual-5th Edition criteria. Subjects in the control group did not have any history of chronic diseases and they were screened for the absence of ADHD. Dietary intake was assessed by a semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire. The odds of incident ADHD for each unit increase of potential acid load (PRAL) in the raw model showed ~9.8% (OR = 1.098, 95% CI: 1.072, 1.125, p < .001) higher odds of ADHD. In model 1, where age, gender, Body mass index (BMI), and socio-economic status were adjusted, the odds of ADHD was ~10.7% (OR = 1.107, 95% CI: 1.076, 1.140, p < .001). Also, in model 2 (model 1 in addition to energy) the odds was ~10.8% (OR = 1.108, 95% CI: 1.065, 1.152, p < .001). Findings of the present study suggest a possible relationship between oxidative stresses and odds of development of ADHD. Furthermore, the size of the odds ratio is small. It appears that dietary considerations are warranted in order to ameliorate the impact and/or incidence of ADHD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Ghasemi
- Food Security Research Center and Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Iran
| | - Khadijeh Abbasi
- Food Security Research Center and Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Reza Ghiasvand
- Food Security Research Center and Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Cain C T Clark
- Centre for Intelligent Healthcare, Coventry University, Coventry, UK
| | - Mohammad Hossein Rouhani
- Food Security Research Center and Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
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Li Q, Zhang X. Prediction of high-risk factors for ovarian metastasis in patients with endometrial cancer: A large-sample retrospective case-control study. Int J Gynaecol Obstet 2023; 161:144-150. [PMID: 36453189 DOI: 10.1002/ijgo.14606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2022] [Revised: 09/23/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine the high-risk factors of ovarian metastasis of endometrial cancer and their impact on prognosis. METHODS A retrospective case-control study was conducted on a large cohort of patients with endometrial cancer. RESULTS A total of 1240 patients with endometrial cancer were eligible for analysis, of whom 120 (9.7%) had ovarian metastasis. The patients with endometrial cancer with ovarian metastasis were more likely to have deep myometrial infiltration, lymph node metastasis, and elevated levels of CA125. The median survival was 39 months in patients with ovarian metastasis and 111 months in those without ovarian metastasis (P < 0.001). According to the stratified analysis, the progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival in the low-risk group and PFS in the high-risk group of patients with endometrial cancer with ovarian metastasis were significantly shorter than those without ovarian metastasis (P < 0.0001, P = 0.0034, and P < 0.0001, respectively). CONCLUSION Deep myometrial invasion, lymph node metastasis, and elevated levels of CA125 may be independent high-risk factors for ovarian metastasis in patients with endometrial cancer. Ovarian metastasis has a greater impact on the prognosis of patients with low-risk endometrial cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Li
- Department of Gynaecological Oncology, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University/Liaoning Cancer Hospital & Institute, Liaoning, China
| | - Xin Zhang
- Department of Gynaecological Oncology, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University/Liaoning Cancer Hospital & Institute, Liaoning, China
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Hall MS, Holt VL, Holzman C, Vazquez AI, Harris HR, As-Sanie S, Upson K. Breastfeeding history and adenomyosis risk using a novel case-control study design. Fertil Steril 2023; 119:644-652. [PMID: 36563837 PMCID: PMC10079609 DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2022.12.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Revised: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the association between breastfeeding history, including lifetime exclusive breastfeeding, and risk of adenomyosis. DESIGN We used data from a case-control study designed with 2 control groups to address the challenge of selecting noncases for a valid epidemiologic study when cases are identified by hysterectomy. The case-control study was conducted among premenopausal and postmenopausal enrollees aged 18-59 years in a large, integrated health care system in western Washington state. PATIENT(S) Cases were enrollees with incident, pathology-confirmed adenomyosis diagnosed during 2001-2006 (n = 386). The 2 control groups were as follows: (1) randomly selected age-matched enrollees with intact uteri ("population controls," n = 323) and (2) hysterectomy controls (n = 233). INTERVENTION(S) Data on breastfeeding history were collected by in-person interviews. For each reported live birth, participants were asked whether they breastfed, along with infant age at supplemental feeding introduction and breastfeeding discontinuation. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S) Among participants with at least 1 live birth (330 cases, 246 population controls, and 198 hysterectomy controls), we used unconditional logistic regression to estimate adjusted odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the associations between the following: (1) ever breastfeeding, (2) ever breastfeeding for ≥8 weeks, (3) lifetime breastfeeding, and (4) lifetime exclusive breastfeeding and risk of adenomyosis. Analyses were adjusted for age, reference year, smoking, education, and parity. RESULT(S) In analyses comparing cases with population controls, we observed a 40% decreased odds of adenomyosis with a history of ever breastfeeding (adjusted odds ratio, 0.6; 95% CI, 0.3-1.0) and breastfeeding for ≥8 weeks (adjusted odds ratio, 0.6; 95% CI, 0.4-0.8). The strongest associations, 60%-70% decreased odds of adenomyosis, were observed with ≥12 months of lifetime breastfeeding (vs. <3 months) (adjusted odds ratio, 0.4; 95% CI, 0.2-0.6) and 9 to <12 months of lifetime exclusive breastfeeding (vs. <3 months) (adjusted odds ratio, 0.3; 95% CI, 0.2-0.6), comparing cases to population controls. In analyses using hysterectomy controls, we observed similar patterns of associations slightly attenuated in magnitude. CONCLUSION(S) Breastfeeding history was associated with a 40% decreased odds of adenomyosis, a condition that can confer substantial morbidity and requires hysterectomy for definitive treatment. The consistency of our findings with that of a previous study lends support that breastfeeding may modify risk of adenomyosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mandy S Hall
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Human Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan.
| | - Victoria L Holt
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Claudia Holzman
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Human Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan
| | - Ana I Vazquez
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Human Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan; Institute for Quantitative Health Science and Engineering (IQ), Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan
| | - Holly R Harris
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington; Program in Epidemiology, Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, Washington
| | - Sawsan As-Sanie
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Kristen Upson
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Human Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan
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Li ZN, Wang SR, Wang P. Associations between low birth weight and perinatal asphyxia: A hospital-based study. Medicine (Baltimore) 2023; 102:e33137. [PMID: 37000089 PMCID: PMC10063296 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000033137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2022] [Revised: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 04/01/2023] Open
Abstract
To investigate the associations between low birth weight (LBW) and perinatal asphyxia by a hospital-based study. The participants of this study were mothers who gave birth at our hospital in 2018. They were divided into case group and control group according to their children's asphyxia status. The bivariable and multivariable logistics regression were used to identify maternal and newborn factors with perinatal asphyxia. A total of 150 participants were enrolled in this study, including 50 participants in the case group and 100 participants in the control groups. The bivariate logistic regression analysis showed the significant relationship of LBW, the mother's age which was less than 20 years, and the gestational age with perinatal asphyxia (P < .05). The multivariate analysis was shown that LBW, male newborns, mothers who had preeclampsia/eclampsia, or mothers who were primipara or whose gestational age more than 37 weeks had higher risks of perinatal asphyxia (P < .05). However, there were no significant relationships of the age of mother or history of antenatal care with perinatal asphyxia. LBW of infants contributes to the higher risk of perinatal asphyxia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhao-na Li
- Neonatal Department, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Shu-rong Wang
- Neonatal Department, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Ping Wang
- Neonatal Department, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Beijing, China
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Peñataro Yori P, Paredes Olórtegui M, Schiaffino F, Perez K, Curico Huansi G, Flynn T, Zhang J, Ramal Asayag C, Meza Sanchez G, Silva Delgado H, Casapia Morales M, Casanova W, Jiu B, Munayco Escate C, Silver R, Henao O, Cooper KK, Liu J, Houpt E, Kosek MN, Colston JM, Oberhelman R, Pinedo Vasquez T, Garcia Bardales PF, Shapiama Lopez WV, Zegarra Paredes LF. Etiology of Acute Febrile Illness in the Peruvian Amazon as determined by modular formatted quantitative PCR: A Protocol for RIVERA, a Health Facility-Based Case-Control Study. Res Sq 2023:rs.3.rs-2635774. [PMID: 37034707 PMCID: PMC10081374 DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-2635774/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Background The study of the etiology of acute febrile illness (AFI) has historically been designed as a prevalence of pathogens detected from a case series. This strategy has an inherent unrealistic assumption that all pathogen detection allows for causal attribution, despite known asymptomatic carriage of the principal causes of acute febrile illness in most low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). We designed a semi-quantitative PCR in a modular format to detect bloodborne agents of acute febrile illness that encompassed common etiologies of AFI in the region, etiologies of recent epidemics, etiologies that require an immediate public health response and additional pathogens of unknown endemicity. We then designed a study that would delineate background levels of transmission in the community in the absence of symptoms to provide corrected estimates of attribution for the principal determinants of AFI. Methods A case-control study of acute febrile illness in patients ten years or older seeking health care in Iquitos, Loreto, Peru, was planned. Upon enrollment, we will obtain blood, saliva, and mid-turbinate nasal swabs at enrollment with a follow-up visit on day 21-28 following enrollment to attain vital status and convalescent saliva and blood samples, as well as a questionnaire including clinical, socio-demographic, occupational, travel, and animal contact information for each participant. Whole blood samples are to be simultaneously tested for 32 pathogens using TaqMan array cards. Mid-turbinate samples will be tested for SARS-CoV-2, Influenza A and Influenza B. Conditional logistic regression models will be fitted treating case/control status as the outcome and with pathogen-specific sample positivity as predictors to attain estimates of attributable pathogen fractions for AFI. Discussion The modular PCR platforms will allow for reporting of all primary results of respiratory samples within 72 hours and blood samples within one week, allowing for results to influence local medical practice and enable timely public health responses. The inclusion of controls will allow for a more accurate estimate of the importance of specific, prevalent pathogens as a cause of acute illness. Study Registration Project 1791, Registro de Proyectos de Investigación en Salud Pública (PRISA), Instituto Nacional de Salud, Perú.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Cesar Munayco Escate
- Centro de Epidemiologia, Prevencion, y Control de Enfermedades, Ministerio de Salud
| | | | - Olga Henao
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
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Jewell T, Apostolidou E, Sadikovic K, Tahta-Wraith K, Liston S, Simic M, Eisler I, Fonagy P, Yorke I. Attachment in individuals with eating disorders compared to community controls: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Int J Eat Disord 2023; 56:888-908. [PMID: 36916409 DOI: 10.1002/eat.23922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2022] [Revised: 02/03/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/16/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Individuals with eating disorders are known to have higher rates of insecure attachment compared to community controls, but the factors underlying this finding are poorly understood. We conducted the first meta-analysis comparing attachment in eating disorder samples compared to community controls that included quality assessment, publication bias and moderation analysis. METHOD We pre-registered our meta-analysis (CRD42019146799) and followed PRISMA guidelines. We searched PsychINFO, Embase, Medline, CINAHL, and Scopus for publications. Attachment scores were extracted, and Cohen's d calculated for each study using a random effects model. RESULTS In total, 35 studies were included in the meta-analysis and six studies were summarized in a narrative review. Eating disorder samples showed higher rates of insecure attachment compared to community controls, with a large effect size, across measurement methods and different attachment dimensions. Blinding of assessors moderated effect sizes for attachment interview studies, but no other moderators were significant. DISCUSSION Risk of insecure attachment is elevated in individuals with eating disorders, albeit heterogeneity is high and largely unexplained. Clinicians may need to take this into account in their work, particularly given the association between attachment insecurity and challenges to therapeutic alliance. Future studies comparing eating disorder samples with community samples should control for general psychopathology. PUBLIC SIGNIFICANCE Attachment is a broad concept referring to a person's thoughts, feelings and behaviors in relation to close others. This systematic review and meta-analysis found that individuals with eating disorders are lower in attachment security than community controls, regardless of attachment construct or measurement approach. Attachment may be relevant in influencing eating disorder recovery, the development of therapeutic alliance, and potentially clinical outcomes, although more research is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tom Jewell
- Florence Nightingale Faculty of Nursing, Midwifery & Palliative Care, King's College London, London, UK.,Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Eleni Apostolidou
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Kevser Sadikovic
- Florence Nightingale Faculty of Nursing, Midwifery & Palliative Care, King's College London, London, UK
| | | | - Sarah Liston
- Leicestershire Partnership NHS Foundation Trust, Leicester, UK
| | - Mima Simic
- South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Ivan Eisler
- South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Peter Fonagy
- Research Department of Clinical, Educational and Health Psychology, University College London, London, UK.,Anna Freud Centre, London, UK
| | - Isabel Yorke
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
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Löfvendahl S, Norlin JM, Schmitt-Egenolf M. Comorbidities in patients with generalized pustular psoriasis: a nationwide population-based register study. J Am Acad Dermatol 2023; 88:736-738. [PMID: 36228948 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaad.2022.09.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Revised: 09/18/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sofia Löfvendahl
- The Swedish Institute for Health Economics, Lund, Sweden; Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Jenny M Norlin
- The Swedish Institute for Health Economics, Lund, Sweden
| | - Marcus Schmitt-Egenolf
- Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Dermatology, Umeå university, Umeå, Sweden.
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Delen M, Şendil A, Kaux JF, Pedret C, Le Sant G, Pawson J, Miller SC, Birn-Jeffery A, Morrissey D. Self-reported bio-psycho-social factors partially distinguish rotator cuff tendinopathy from other shoulder problems and explain shoulder severity: A case-control study. Musculoskeletal Care 2023; 21:175-188. [PMID: 35983898 DOI: 10.1002/msc.1679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2022] [Revised: 07/05/2022] [Accepted: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Examine how rotator cuff (RC) tendinopathy differed from other shoulder problems (OSP) by measuring a variety of self-reported bio-psycho-social factors, and establish which explain severity. METHODS A validated online survey battery was used to collect self-reported biopsychosocial variables in an international population. Diagnostic group and severity were the dependent variables. Multiple logistic and linear regression analyses were utilised to generate explanatory models for group differences and severity after group comparison and univariate regression analysis. RESULTS 82 people with RC tendinopathy (50 female, 42.8 ± 13.9 years) and 54 with OSP (33 female, 40.2 ± 14.1 years) were recruited. Both groups had comparable severity results (Shoulder Pain and Disability Index = 37.3 ± 24.5 vs. 33.7 ± 22.5). Seven factors individually differentiated RC tendinopathy from OSP. The multivariable model included 4 factors: activity effect on pain (OR(95%CI) = 2.24(1.02-4.90)), previous injury in the shoulder (OR(95% CI) = 0.30(0.13-0.69)), activity level (moderate OR(95% CI) = 3.97(1.29-12.18), high OR(95% CI) = 3.66(1.41-9.48)) and self-efficacy (OR(95%CI) = 1.12(1.02-1.22)) demonstrating acceptable accuracy. The second multivariable model for RC tendinopathy severity included one demographic, three psychological and two biomedical variables (β(range) = 0.19-0.38) and explained 68% of the variance. CONCLUSION Self-reported bio-psycho-social variables may be beneficial for further detailed clinical assessment as they partially distinguish RC tendinopathy from OSP, even when the groups have comparable overall pain and functional problems. Moreover, these variables were shown to be substantially associated with RC tendinopathy severity variance, implying that the clinical evaluation might be improved, perhaps by pre-consultation online data collection. The models should be validated in the future and considered alongside data from physical and imaging examinations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehmet Delen
- Bart's and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Sports and Exercise Medicine, William Harvey Research Institute, Queen Mary University of London, Mile End Hospital, London, UK
| | - Ateş Şendil
- School of Physical Education and Sports, Cyprus Health and Social Sciences University, Güzelyurt, Cyprus
| | - Jean-François Kaux
- Physical Medicine and Sport Traumatology Department, University and University Hospital of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Carles Pedret
- Sports Medicine and Clinical Ultrasound Department, Clínica Diagonal, Esplugues de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Guillaume Le Sant
- University of Nantes, Movement, Interactions, Performance, Nantes, France
| | | | - Stuart Charles Miller
- Bart's and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Sports and Exercise Medicine, William Harvey Research Institute, Queen Mary University of London, Mile End Hospital, London, UK
| | - Aleksandra Birn-Jeffery
- School of Engineering and Materials Science, Institute of Bioengineering, Queen Mary University London, London, UK
| | - Dylan Morrissey
- Bart's and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Sports and Exercise Medicine, William Harvey Research Institute, Queen Mary University of London, Mile End Hospital, London, UK.,Barts Health NHS Trust, London, UK
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Fischer PR, Sempos CT, Pettifor JM, Fraser DR, Munns CF, Durazo-Arvizu RA, Thacher TD. Serum 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D levels in the diagnosis and pathogenesis of nutritional rickets - a multivariable re-analysis of a case-control study. Am J Clin Nutr 2023; 117:998-1004. [PMID: 36801463 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajcnut.2023.02.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Revised: 02/08/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/21/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A multivariable logistic regression model resulting from a case-control study of nutritional rickets in Nigerian children suggested that higher levels of serum 25(OH)D may be required to prevent nutritional rickets in populations with low-calcium intakes. OBJECTIVES This current study evaluates if adding serum 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D [1,25(OH)2D] to that model shows that increased levels of serum 1,25(OH)2D are independently associated with risk of children on low-calcium diets having nutritional rickets. METHODS Multivariable logistic regression analysis was used to model the association between serum 1,25(OH)2D and risk of having nutritional rickets in cases (n = 108) and controls (n = 115) after adjusting for age, sex, weight-for age z-score, religion, phosphorus intake and age began walking and the interaction between serum 25(OH)D and dietary calcium intake (Full Model). RESULTS Serum 1,25(OH)2D levels were significantly higher (320 pmol/L vs. 280 pmol/L) (P = 0.002), and 25(OH)D levels were lower (33 nmol/L vs. 52 nmol/L) (P < 0.0001) in children with rickets than in control children. Serum calcium levels were lower in children with rickets (1.9 mmol/L) than in control children (2.2 mmol/L) (P < 0.001). Dietary calcium intakes were similarly low in both groups (212 mg/d) (P = 0.973). In the multivariable logistic model, 1,25(OH)2D was independently associated with risk of having rickets [coefficient = 0.007 (95% confidence limits: 0.002-0.011)] after adjusting for all variables in the Full Model. CONCLUSIONS Results confirmed theoretical models that in children with low dietary calcium intake, 1,25(OH)2D serum concentrations are higher in children with rickets than in children without rickets. The difference in 1,25(OH)2D levels is consistent with the hypothesis that children with rickets have lower serum calcium concentrations which prompt the elevation of PTH levels resulting in an elevation of 1,25(OH)2D levels. These results support the need for additional studies to identify dietary and environmental risks for nutritional rickets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philip R Fischer
- Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States, Department of Pediatrics, Sheikh Shakhbout Medical City, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates and Khalifa University College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates.
| | | | - John M Pettifor
- Department of Pediatrics, SAMRC/Wits Developmental Pathways for Health Research Unit, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - David R Fraser
- Sydney School of Veterinary Science, Faculty of Science, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Craig F Munns
- Child Health Research Centre, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia and Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Queensland Children's Hospital, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Ramon A Durazo-Arvizu
- Biostatistical Core, The Sabin Research Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Tom D Thacher
- Department of Family Medicine, Jos University Teaching Hospital, Jos, Nigeria
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Muluye G, Gashaw A, Woretaw L, Girma B, Tumebo T. Risk factors of primary postpartum hemorrhage among postnatal mothers in the public hospital of southern Tigray, Ethiopia, 2019: A case-control study. Front Glob Womens Health 2023; 4:1039749. [PMID: 36865926 PMCID: PMC9971984 DOI: 10.3389/fgwh.2023.1039749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2022] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Postpartum hemorrhage is the most common direct cause of maternal mortality and morbidity; among them, primary postpartum hemorrhages are an enormous element. Although it has an incredible impact on maternal lifestyle, this is the most neglected area in Ethiopia and there is a lack of studies achieved within the study area. So this study aimed to identify the risk factors of primary postpartum hemorrhage among postnatal mothers in public hospitals in southern Tigray, Ethiopia, 2019. Methods Institution-based unmatched case-control study design was conducted on 318 (106 case and 212 controls) postnatal mothers in public hospitals of Southern Tigray from January to October 2019. We used a pretested, structured interviewer-administered questionnaire and a chart review to collect the data. Bivariate and multivariable logistic regression models were used to identify the risk factors. P-value ≤ 0.05 was considered statically significant for both steps and an odds ratio with a 95% confidence level was used to see the strength of association. Results Abnormal third stage of labor [adjusted odds ratio = 5.86, 95% confidence interval (2.55-13.43), P = 000], cesarean section [adjusted odds ratio = 5.61, 95% confidence interval (2.79-11.30), P = 0.000], lack of active management of third-stage labor [adjusted odds ratio = 3.88; 95% confidence interval (1.29-11.60), P = 0.015], absence of labor monitoring by partograph [adjusted odds ratio = 3.82, 95% confidence interval (1.31-11.09), P = 0.014], lack of antenatal care [adjusted odds ratio = 2.76, 95% confidence interval (1.13-6.75), P = 0.026] and complications during pregnancy [adjusted odds ratio = 2.79, 95% confidence interval (1.34-5.83), P = 0.006] were found to be risk factors for primary postpartum hemorrhage. Conclusion In this study complications and lack of maternal health interventions in the course of the antepartum and the intrapartum period were found to be risk factors for primary postpartum hemorrhage. A strategy for improving essential maternal health services and detecting and handling complications in a timely manner will help to prevent primary postpartum hemorrhage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Getachew Muluye
- Department of Midwifery, College of Health Sciences, Mekelle University, Mekelle, Ethiopia,Correspondence: Getachew Muluye
| | - Abeba Gashaw
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, Amdework Primary Hospital, Amdework, Ethiopia
| | - Lebasie Woretaw
- Department of Environmental Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Wollo University, Dessie, Ethiopia
| | - Biniam Girma
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, Amdework Primary Hospital, Amdework, Ethiopia
| | - Tarekegn Tumebo
- Department of Midwifery, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Wachemo University, Hosaena, Ethiopia
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Choudhary N, Patel NS, Raghuwanshi AS, Choudhary N, Agrawal S. A Hospital-Based Case-Control Study on Raised Homocysteine Level in Vitiligo Patients and Its Association With Disease Severity. Cureus 2023; 15:e34772. [PMID: 36909125 PMCID: PMC10005420 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.34772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Vitiligo is an acquired pigmentary disorder clinically manifested by circumscribed depigmented macules and often associated with leucotrichia. Not much is known about the biochemical abnormality occurring in vitiligo. Our study aims to determine whether serum homocysteine is raised in vitiligo patients and whether it can be used as a prognostic marker for vitiligo. Material and methods This study is a hospital-based, case-control, analytical study conducted on 70 patients of vitiligo patients. A total of 30 staff of the hospital served as control. Venous blood was withdrawn from the antecubital vein from all study participants using all aseptic precautions. Investigation of blood homocysteine levels was done in all the study participants. Scoring of vitiligo was done based on Vitiligo European Task Force (VETF) criteria which take into account body surface area, stage, and spread. Results Mean serum homocysteine level among vitiligo patients was 14.40± 5.80 micromoles/lit as compared to 10.33± 5.05 micromole/lit in control groups, and this difference was statistically significant (t-value = 3.19and p-value = 0.002). The correlation coefficient was statistically significant (correlation coefficient = 0.25 and p-value = 0.03) in between homocysteine level and stage of the disease. On multiple comparisons difference in serum homocysteine level of progressing category is significantly raised as compared to control, stable, and regressing categories. Conclusion The mean serum homocysteine level among all vitiligo patients was higher as compared to control groups. Moreover, the serum homocysteine level of active cases is significantly higher as compared to control, stable, and regressing categories. Also, serum homocysteine levels showed a positive correlation with the degree of depigmentation, i.e., stage of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nidhi Choudhary
- Dermatology, RKDF Medical College Hospital and Research Centre, Bhopal, IND
| | - Narendra S Patel
- Forensic Medicine, Atal Bihari Vajpayee Government Medical College, Vidisha, IND
| | - Ajay S Raghuwanshi
- Dermatology, RKDF Medical College Hospital and Research Centre, Bhopal, IND
| | - Nishant Choudhary
- Dermatology, RKDF Medical College Hospital and Research Centre, Bhopal, IND
| | - Surbhi Agrawal
- Dermatology, LN Medical College and Research Centre, Bhopal, IND
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Acosta A, Dietze K, Baquero O, Osowski GV, Imbacuan C, Burbano A, Ferreira F, Depner K. Risk Factors and Spatiotemporal Analysis of Classical Swine Fever in Ecuador. Viruses 2023; 15:288. [PMID: 36851503 PMCID: PMC9966056 DOI: 10.3390/v15020288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Revised: 01/10/2023] [Accepted: 01/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Classical swine fever (CSF) is one of the most important re-emergent swine diseases worldwide. Despite concerted control efforts in the Andean countries, the disease remains endemic in several areas, limiting production and trade opportunities. In this study, we aimed to determine the risk factors and spatiotemporal implications associated with CSF in Ecuador. We analysed passive surveillance and vaccination campaign datasets from 2014 to 2020; Then, we structured a herd-level case-control study using a logistic and spatiotemporal Bayesian model. The results showed that the risk factors that increased the odds of CSF occurrence were the following: swill feeding (OR 8.53), time until notification (OR 2.44), introduction of new pigs during last month (OR 2.01) and lack of vaccination against CSF (OR 1.82). The spatiotemporal model showed that vaccination reduces the risk by 33%. According to the priority index, the intervention should focus on Morona Santiago and Los Rios provinces. In conclusion, the results highlight the complexity of the CSF control programs, the importance to improve the overall surveillance system and the need to inform decision-makers and stakeholders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alfredo Acosta
- Institute of International Animal Health/One Health, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, 17493 Greifswald, Germany
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Preventive Veterinary Medicine Department, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-270, Brazil
| | - Klaas Dietze
- Institute of International Animal Health/One Health, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, 17493 Greifswald, Germany
| | - Oswaldo Baquero
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Preventive Veterinary Medicine Department, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-270, Brazil
| | - Germana Vizzotto Osowski
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Preventive Veterinary Medicine Department, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-270, Brazil
| | - Christian Imbacuan
- General Coordination of Animal Health, Phyto-Zoosanitary Regulation and Control Agency, Quito 170903, Ecuador
| | - Alexandra Burbano
- General Coordination of Animal Health, Phyto-Zoosanitary Regulation and Control Agency, Quito 170903, Ecuador
| | - Fernando Ferreira
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Preventive Veterinary Medicine Department, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-270, Brazil
| | - Klaus Depner
- Institute of International Animal Health/One Health, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, 17493 Greifswald, Germany
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Carson TL, Byrd DA, Smith KS, Carter D, Abaskaron M, Little RB, Holmes ST, van Der Pol WJ, Lefkowitz EJ, Morrow CD, Fruge AD, Gomez M. A case-control study of the association between the gut microbiota and colorectal cancer: exploring the roles of diet, stress, and race. Res Sq 2023:rs.3.rs-2475944. [PMID: 36711747 PMCID: PMC9882682 DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-2475944/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Background The gut microbiota is associated with risk for colorectal cancer (CRC), a chronic disease for which racial disparities persist with Black Americans having a higher risk of CRC incidence and mortality compared to other groups. Given documented racial differences, the gut microbiota may offer some insight into previously unexplained racial disparities in CRC incidence and mortality. A case-control analysis comparing 11 women newly diagnosed with CRC with 22 cancer-free women matched on age, BMI, and race in a 1:2 ratio was conducted. Information about participants' diet and perceived stress levels were obtained via 24-hour Dietary Recall and Perceived Stress Scale-10 survey, respectively. Participants provided stool samples from which microbial genomic DNA was extracted to reveal the abundance of 26 genera chosen a priori based on their previously observed relevance to CRC, anxiety symptoms, and diet. Results Significantly lower alpha diversity was observed among cancer-free Black women compared to all other race-cancer status combinations. No group differences were observed when comparing beta diversity. Non-Hispanic White CRC cases tended to have higher relative abundance of Fusobacteria, Gemellaceae, and Peptostreptococcus compared to all other race-cancer combination groups. Perceived stress was inversely associated with alpha diversity and was associated with additional genera. Conclusions Our findings suggest that microbiome-CRC associations may differ by racial group. Additional large, racially diverse population-based studies are needed to determine if previously identified associations between characteristics of the gut microbiome and CRC are generalizable to Black women and other racial, ethnic, and gender groups.
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Seid M, Markos M, Aklilu A, Manilal A, Zakir A, Kebede T, Kulayta K, Endashaw G. Community-Acquired Urinary Tract Infection Among Sexually Active Women: Risk Factors, Bacterial Profile and Their Antimicrobial Susceptibility Patterns, Arba Minch, Southern Ethiopia. Infect Drug Resist 2023; 16:2297-2310. [PMID: 37095780 PMCID: PMC10122500 DOI: 10.2147/idr.s407092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/07/2023] [Indexed: 04/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Globally, urinary tract infections (UTIs) are a common health issue among women. Investigating risk factors associated with culture-proven UTIs and the antimicrobial resistance profile of uropathogens would provide insight into planning prevention and control measures. Objective To identify the risk factors associated with UTIs among sexually active women and determine antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of uropathogenic bacterial isolates. Methods A case-control study was conducted from February to June 2021, involving 296 women (62 case group and 234 control group in a ratio of 4:1). Cases were defined as culture-confirmed UTIs, and controls were non-UTIs. A semi-structured questionnaire was used to collect demographic, clinical, and behavioral data. The antimicrobial susceptibility test was done by the Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method. The data were analyzed using SPSS version 25. Bivariable and multivariable logistic regressions were used to identify risk factors, and the strength of association was measured by adjusted odds ratios and a 95% confidence interval used at P-values < 0.05. Results The results revealed that recent coitus and frequency of coitus more than three times per week (P=0.001) were independent predictors of UTIs. Swabbing from back to front, a history of UTI and a delay in voiding were also independent predictors (P < 0.05). On the other hand, a daily water intake of 1 to 2 litres reduced the risk of UTI (P= 0.001). The predominant uropathogenic isolate was Escherichia coli (35.48%). Over 60% of isolates were resistant to cotrimoxazole, penicillin, cephalosporin, and fluoroquinolones. The most effective antibiotics included piperacillin-tazobactam, aminoglycosides, carbapenem, and nitrofurantoin. 85% and 50% of isolates were MDR and ESBL producers, respectively. Conclusion The finding indicates the importance of public intervention targeting the identified risk factors and the resistance phenotype to reduce the burden of UTIs with antimicrobial resistance in the study area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Seid
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Arba Minch University, Arba Minch, Ethiopia
- Correspondence: Mohammed Seid, Email
| | - Mesafint Markos
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Arba Minch University, Arba Minch, Ethiopia
| | - Addis Aklilu
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Arba Minch University, Arba Minch, Ethiopia
| | - Aseer Manilal
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Arba Minch University, Arba Minch, Ethiopia
| | - Abdurezak Zakir
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Arba Minch University, Arba Minch, Ethiopia
| | | | - Kebede Kulayta
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Arba Minch College of Health Sciences, Arba Minch, Ethiopia
| | - Gessila Endashaw
- Department of Nursing, Arba Minch University, Arba Minch College of Health Sciences, Arba Minch, Ethiopia
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Torén K, Albin M, Alderling M, Schiöler L, Åberg M. Transmission factors and exposure to infections at work and invasive pneumococcal disease. Am J Ind Med 2023; 66:65-74. [PMID: 36385261 PMCID: PMC10100104 DOI: 10.1002/ajim.23439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2022] [Revised: 10/26/2022] [Accepted: 10/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Working in close contacts with coworkers or the general public may be associated with transmission of invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD). We investigated whether crowded workplaces, sharing surfaces, and exposure to infections were factors associated with IPD. METHODS We studied 3,968 cases of IPD, and selected six controls for each case from the Swedish population registry with each control being assigned the index date of their corresponding case. We linked job histories to job-exposure matrices to assess different transmission dimensions of pneumococci, as well as occupational exposure to fumes. We used adjusted conditional logistic analyses to estimate the odds ratios (ORs) for IPD with 95% confidence intervals (95% CI). RESULTS ORs for IPD for the different transmission dimensions were increased moderately but were statistically significant. Compared to home-working or working alone, the highest odds was for Working mostly outside, or partly inside (OR 1.19, 95% CI 1.04-1.38). Estimates were higher in men for all dimensions, compared to women. The odds for IPD for Working mostly outside, or partly inside were 1.33 (95% CI 1.13-1.56) and 0.79 (95% CI 0.55-1.14) for men and women, respectively. Higher odds were seen for all transmission dimensions among those exposed to fumes, although CIs included unity. Contact with ill or infected patients did not increase the odds for IPD. CONCLUSION IPD was associated with working in close contact with coworkers or the general public, and with outside work, especially for men. Contact with infected patients or persons was not associated with IPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kjell Torén
- School of Public Health and Community Medicine, Institute of Medicine, The Sahgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.,Department of Medicine, Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden.,Discipline of Occupational and Environmental Health, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - Maria Albin
- Division of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.,Unit of Occupational Medicine, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Magnus Alderling
- Unit of Occupational Medicine, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Linus Schiöler
- School of Public Health and Community Medicine, Institute of Medicine, The Sahgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Maria Åberg
- School of Public Health and Community Medicine, Institute of Medicine, The Sahgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.,Region Västra Götaland, Regionhälsan, Gothenburg, Sweden
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48
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Serrand C, Rheims S, Faucanié M, Crespel A, Dinkelacker V, Szurhaj W, Biraben A, Bartolomei F, de Grissac N, Landré E, Denuelle M, Vercueil L, Marchal C, Maillard L, Derambure P, Dupont S, Navarro V, Mura T, Jaussent A, Macioce V, Ryvlin P, Picot MC. Stratifying sudden death risk in adults with drug-resistant focal epilepsy: The SUDEP-CARE score. Eur J Neurol 2023; 30:22-31. [PMID: 36094672 PMCID: PMC10087018 DOI: 10.1111/ene.15566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2022] [Revised: 06/22/2022] [Accepted: 08/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE A clinical risk score for sudden unexpected death in epilepsy (SUDEP) in patients with drug-resistant focal epilepsy could help improve prevention. METHODS A case-control study was conducted including (i) definite or probable SUDEP cases collected by the French National Sentinel Mortality Epilepsy Network and (ii) control patients from the French national research database of epilepsy monitoring units. Patients with drug-resistant focal epilepsy were eligible. Multiple logistic regressions were performed. After sensitivity analysis and internal validation, a simplified risk score was developed from the selected variables. RESULTS Sixty-two SUDEP cases and 620 controls were included. Of 21 potential predictors explored, seven were ultimately selected, including generalized seizure frequency (>1/month vs. <1/year: adjusted odds ratio [AOR] 2.6, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.25-5.41), nocturnal or sleep-related seizures (AOR 4.49, 95% CI 2.68-7.53), current or past depression (AOR 2.0, 95% CI 1.19-3.34) or the ability to alert someone of an oncoming seizure (AOR 0.57, 95% CI 0.33-0.98). After internal validation, a clinically usable score ranging from -1 to 8 was developed, with high discrimination capabilities (area under the receiver operating curve 0.85, 95% CI 0.80-0.90). The threshold of 3 has good sensitivity (82.3%, 95% CI 72.7-91.8), whilst keeping a good specificity (82.7%, 95% CI 79.8-85.7). CONCLUSIONS These results outline the importance of generalized and nocturnal seizures on the occurrence of SUDEP, and show a protective role in the ability to alert someone of an oncoming seizure. The SUDEP-CARE score is promising and will need external validation. Further work, including paraclinical explorations, could improve this risk score.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chris Serrand
- University Hospital of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Sylvain Rheims
- Department of Functional Neurology and Epileptology, Hospices Civils de Lyon and University of Lyon, Lyon, France
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Sophie Dupont
- AP-HP, Epilepsy Unit, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Vincent Navarro
- AP-HP, Epilepsy Unit, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Paris, France.,Paris Brain Institute, ICM, INSERM, CNRS, Paris, France
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49
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Ruggiero E, Esposito S, Costanzo S, Di Castelnuovo A, Storto M, Carpineta E, Cerletti C, Donati MB, Paolini S, Esposito V, de Gaetano G, Innocenzi G, Iacoviello L, Bonaccio M. The Dietary Intake of Polyphenols Is Associated with a Lower Risk of Severe Lumbar Spinal Stenosis: A Case-Control Analysis from the PREFACE Study. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14245229. [PMID: 36558388 PMCID: PMC9783341 DOI: 10.3390/nu14245229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Revised: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 12/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Polyphenols are naturally occurring compounds endowed with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. We sought to examine the association of dietary polyphenols with the risk of severe lumbar spinal stenosis (LSS), a condition possibly characterized by a high inflammatory component. A case-control study included 156 patients with LSS and indication to surgery and 312 controls, matched (1:2) for sex, age (±6 months), and physical activity. The polyphenol intake was calculated by matching food consumption data from a 188-item food frequency questionnaire with the Phenol-Explorer database regarding the polyphenol content of each reported food. In a multivariable-adjusted logistic regression analysis including lifestyles, sociodemographic factors, and the Mediterranean Diet Score, a 1-standard deviation (SD) increase in dietary polyphenols intake was associated with lower odds of LSS (Odds ratio [OR] = 0.65; 95% CI: 0.47-0.89). Analyses of different polyphenol classes showed that a per 1-SD in the consumption of flavonoids and stilbenes was related to lower LSS risk (OR = 0.57; 95% CI: 0.42-0.78; OR = 0.40; 95% CI: 0.27-0.61, respectively). Further adjustment for the total dietary antioxidant capacity did not modify the strength of these associations. A diet rich in polyphenols is independently associated with a lower risk of severe LSS, possibly through mechanisms that include the anti-inflammatory potential of these bioactive compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emilia Ruggiero
- Department of Epidemiology and Prevention, IRCCS Neuromed, 86077 Pozzilli, Italy
| | - Simona Esposito
- Department of Epidemiology and Prevention, IRCCS Neuromed, 86077 Pozzilli, Italy
| | - Simona Costanzo
- Department of Epidemiology and Prevention, IRCCS Neuromed, 86077 Pozzilli, Italy
| | | | - Marianna Storto
- Department of Analysis Lab Diagnostics, IRCCS Neuromed, 86077 Pozzilli, Italy
| | | | - Chiara Cerletti
- Department of Epidemiology and Prevention, IRCCS Neuromed, 86077 Pozzilli, Italy
| | | | - Sergio Paolini
- Neurosurgery Department, IRCCS Neuromed, 86077 Pozzilli, Italy
| | | | - Giovanni de Gaetano
- Department of Epidemiology and Prevention, IRCCS Neuromed, 86077 Pozzilli, Italy
| | | | - Licia Iacoviello
- Department of Epidemiology and Prevention, IRCCS Neuromed, 86077 Pozzilli, Italy
- Research Center in Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine (EPIMED), Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Insubria, 21100 Varese, Italy
- Correspondence:
| | - Marialaura Bonaccio
- Department of Epidemiology and Prevention, IRCCS Neuromed, 86077 Pozzilli, Italy
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50
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Yin X, Lai GGY, Seow A, Tan DSW, Lim DWT, Seow WJ. Dietary factors and the risk of lung cancer by epidermal growth factor receptor mutation status and histological subtypes. Front Public Health 2022; 10:1079543. [PMID: 36530673 PMCID: PMC9755194 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.1079543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Previous studies have reported differential associations of certain dietary factors such as soy consumption by epidermal growth factor receptor mutant (EGFR +) subtype of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, whether the other dietary factors including meat, fruits, and vegetables have differential risks on different histological and molecular subtypes of lung cancer remains unclear. Therefore, we conducted a case-control study to evaluate these associations. Methods A total of 3,170 cases and 4,238 controls from three different studies (Genes and Environment in Lung Cancer Study, Lung Cancer Consortium Singapore Study, and Multi-ethnic Cohort Study) were included. Information on demographics, lifestyle, and dietary consumption was obtained using questionnaires. Diet was assessed by using the number of standard servings of each item consumed per week. Multivariable logistic regression was used to estimate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the association between meat, vegetables, and fruits consumption with lung cancer risk after adjusting for potential confounders. Results We identified a significant inverse association between higher consumption of fruits and the risk of lung cancer (2nd tertile: OR = 0.54, 95%CI = 0.46-0.65; 3rd tertile: OR = 0.77, 95%CI = 0.65-0.91), compared with the lower (1st tertile) consumption of fruits. Higher vegetable consumption was significantly associated with a lower risk of EGFR + lung cancer (OR = 0.69, 95% CI = 0.54-0.88), however, this association was not significant among EGFR wild-type (-) lung cancer. Conversely, higher consumption of total meat (OR = 2.10, 95%CI = 1.58-2.79) was significantly associated with higher lung cancer risk, as compared with the lower consumption group. Conclusions Differential associations between vegetable consumption with EGFR mutation status in NSCLC were found. Further prospective studies are warranted to assess this association and elucidate the biological mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Yin
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Gillianne Geet Yi Lai
- Division of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore, Singapore,Duke-NUS Medical School, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Adeline Seow
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore,Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Daniel Shao Weng Tan
- Division of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore, Singapore,Duke-NUS Medical School, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Darren Wan-Teck Lim
- Division of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore, Singapore,Duke-NUS Medical School, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore,Darren Wan-Teck Lim
| | - Wei Jie Seow
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore,Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore,*Correspondence: Wei Jie Seow
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