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Sassano M, Taborelli M, Boccia S, Cadoni G, La Vecchia C, Garavello W, Lazarus P, Lee YCA, Hashibe M, Boffetta P. Aspirin intake and head and neck cancer: A pooled analysis within the INHANCE consortium. Head Neck 2024; 46:926-935. [PMID: 38229229 DOI: 10.1002/hed.27638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Revised: 12/29/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 01/18/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Aspirin intake might be inversely associated with head and neck cancer (HNC). Thus, we investigated this relationship within the International Head and Neck Cancer Epidemiology (INHANCE) consortium. METHODS Four case-control studies within the INHANCE consortium were included (2024 cases, 4196 controls). Study-specific odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated using logistic regression and subsequently pooled with DerSimonian-Laird random-effects model. Nonlinearity of the relationship between duration of intake and HNC was modeled with fractional polynomials. RESULTS Aspirin was inversely associated with HNC overall (OR = 0.48; 95% CI: 0.26, 0.91). Results for laryngeal cancer were similar (OR = 0.54; 95% CI: 0.30, 0.96). Analysis on duration of intake confirmed findings for HNC overall, showing also inverse associations for oropharyngeal and laryngeal cancer. CONCLUSIONS This study suggests that aspirin intake may reduce the risk of HNC, driven mainly by decreases in risk for laryngeal and oropharyngeal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michele Sassano
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
- Section of Hygiene, Department of Life Sciences and Public Health, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Martina Taborelli
- Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico di Aviano (CRO), IRCCS, Aviano, Italy
| | - Stefania Boccia
- Section of Hygiene, Department of Life Sciences and Public Health, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
- Department of Woman and Child Health and Public Health - Public Health Area, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Gabriella Cadoni
- Dipartimento Scienze dell'Invecchiamento, Neurologiche, Ortopediche e della Testa-Collo, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Roma, Italy
- Dipartimento Patologia Testa Collo e Organi di Senso, Facoltà Medicina e Chirurgia, Università Cattolica Sacro Cuore, Roma, Italy
| | - Carlo La Vecchia
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Werner Garavello
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy
| | - Philip Lazarus
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Washington State University, Spokane, Washington, USA
| | - Yuan-Chin Amy Lee
- Division of Public Health, Department of Family & Preventive Medicine and Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Mia Hashibe
- Division of Public Health, Department of Family & Preventive Medicine and Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Paolo Boffetta
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
- Stony Brook Cancer Center, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, USA
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2
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Cadoni G, Primiano G, Picciotti PM, Calandrelli R, Galli J, Servidei S, Conti G. Hearing Impairment and Neuroimaging Results in Mitochondrial Diseases. J Pers Med 2023; 13:1329. [PMID: 37763097 PMCID: PMC10532611 DOI: 10.3390/jpm13091329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Revised: 08/26/2023] [Accepted: 08/27/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial diseases (MDs) are heterogeneous genetic disorders characterized by mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) defects, involving tissues highly dependent on oxidative metabolism: the inner ear, brain, eye, skeletal muscle, and heart. We describe adult patients with genetically defined MDs, characterizing hearing function and neuroimaging results. We enrolled 34 patients (mean age: 50.02 ± 15 years, range: 18-75 years; 20 females and 14 males) classified in four groups: MELAS, MIDD, PEO, and Encephalopathy/Polyneuropathy. Audiological evaluations included psychoacoustical tests (pure-tone and speech audiometry), electrophysiological tests (Auditory Brainstem Responses, ABRs), and Impedenzometry. Neuroimaging evaluations considered global MRI abnormalities or structural brain changes. In total, 19/34 patients carried the m.3243A > G mutation (6 affected by MELAS, 12 affected by MIDD, and 1 affected by PEO); 11 had an mtDNA deletion (all affected by PEO); 3 had nuclear genes associated with MDs (POLG1 and OPA1); and 1 patient had an mtDNA deletion without an identified nuclear gene defect (affected by PEO). Sensory neural, bilateral, and symmetrical hearing loss was present in 25 patients (73.5%) to different degrees: 9 mild, 9 moderate, 5 severe, and 2 profound. The severe/profound and mild hearing losses were associated with pantonal and high-frequency audiograms, respectively. Instead, moderate hearing losses were associated with both high-frequency (five cases) and pantonal (five cases) audiogram shapes. In addition, 21/25 patients showed a cochlear site of lesion (84%), and 4/25 (16%) showed a retrocochlear site. We found global MRI abnormalities or structural brain changes in 26/30 subjects (86.6%): 21 had white matter abnormalities, 15 had cortical atrophy, 10 had subcortical atrophy, 8 had basal nuclei involvement or cerebellar atrophy, 4 had stroke-like lesions or laminar necrosis, and 1 had cysts or vacuolated lesions. We concluded that genetic alterations are associated with different clinical presentations for both auditory function and neuroradiological findings. There is no fixed relationship between genotype and phenotype for the clinical conditions analyzed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriella Cadoni
- Dipartimento di Neuroscienze, Organi di Senso e Torace, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy; (G.C.); (G.P.); (J.G.); (S.S.); (G.C.)
- Dipartimento di Testa-Collo e Organi di Senso, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Guido Primiano
- Dipartimento di Neuroscienze, Organi di Senso e Torace, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy; (G.C.); (G.P.); (J.G.); (S.S.); (G.C.)
- Dipartimento di Neuroscienze, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Pasqualina M. Picciotti
- Dipartimento di Neuroscienze, Organi di Senso e Torace, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy; (G.C.); (G.P.); (J.G.); (S.S.); (G.C.)
- Dipartimento di Testa-Collo e Organi di Senso, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Rosalinda Calandrelli
- Dipartimento di Diagnostica per Immagini, Radioterapia Oncologica ed Ematologia, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy;
| | - Jacopo Galli
- Dipartimento di Neuroscienze, Organi di Senso e Torace, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy; (G.C.); (G.P.); (J.G.); (S.S.); (G.C.)
- Dipartimento di Testa-Collo e Organi di Senso, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Serenella Servidei
- Dipartimento di Neuroscienze, Organi di Senso e Torace, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy; (G.C.); (G.P.); (J.G.); (S.S.); (G.C.)
- Dipartimento di Neuroscienze, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Guido Conti
- Dipartimento di Neuroscienze, Organi di Senso e Torace, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy; (G.C.); (G.P.); (J.G.); (S.S.); (G.C.)
- Dipartimento di Testa-Collo e Organi di Senso, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, 00168 Rome, Italy
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3
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Goyal N, Hennessy M, Lehman E, Lin W, Agudo A, Ahrens W, Boccia S, Brennan P, Brenner H, Cadoni G, Canova C, Chen C, Conway D, Curado MP, Dal Maso L, Daudt AW, Edefonti V, Fabianova E, Fernandez L, Franceschi S, Garavello W, Gillison M, Hayes RB, Healy C, Herrero R, Holcatova I, Kanda JL, Kelsey K, Hansen BT, Koifman R, Lagiou P, La Vecchia C, Levi F, Li G, Lissowska J, Mendoza López R, Luce D, Macfarlane G, Mates D, Matsuo K, McClean M, Menezes A, Menvielle G, Morgenstern H, Moysich K, Negri E, Olshan AF, Pandics T, Polesel J, Purdue M, Radoi L, Ramroth H, Richiardi L, Schantz S, Schwartz SM, Serraino D, Shangina O, Smith E, Sturgis EM, Świątkowska B, Thomson P, Vaughan TL, Vilensky M, Winn DM, Wunsch-Filho V, Yu GP, Zevallos JP, Zhang ZF, Zheng T, Znaor A, Boffetta P, Hashibe M, Lee YCA, Muscat JE. Risk factors for head and neck cancer in more and less developed countries: Analysis from the INHANCE consortium. Oral Dis 2023; 29:1565-1578. [PMID: 35322907 DOI: 10.1111/odi.14196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2021] [Revised: 02/24/2022] [Accepted: 03/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We analyzed the pooled case-control data from the International Head and Neck Cancer Epidemiology (INHANCE) consortium to compare cigarette smoking and alcohol consumption risk factors for head and neck cancer between less developed and more developed countries. SUBJECTS AND METHODS The location of each study was categorized as either a less developed or more developed country. We compared the risk of overall head and neck cancer and cancer of specific anatomic subsites associated with cigarette smoking and alcohol consumption. Additionally, age and sex distribution between categories was compared. RESULTS The odds ratios for head and neck cancer sites associated with smoking duration differed between less developed and more developed countries. Smoking greater than 20 years conferred a higher risk for oral cavity and laryngeal cancer in more developed countries, whereas the risk was greater for oropharynx and hypopharynx cancer in less developed countries. Alcohol consumed for more than 20 years conferred a higher risk for oropharynx, hypopharynx, and larynx cancer in less developed countries. The proportion of cases that were young (<45 years) or female differed by country type for some HNC subsites. CONCLUSION These findings suggest the degree of industrialization and economic development affects the relationship between smoking and alcohol with head and neck cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neerav Goyal
- College of Medicine, The Pennsylvania State University, Hershey, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Max Hennessy
- College of Medicine, The Pennsylvania State University, Hershey, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Erik Lehman
- College of Medicine, The Pennsylvania State University, Hershey, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Wenxue Lin
- College of Medicine, The Pennsylvania State University, Hershey, Pennsylvania, USA
| | | | - Wolfgang Ahrens
- Faculty of Mathematics and Computer Science, Institute of Statistics, Leibniz Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology, BIPS, and University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany
| | - Stefania Boccia
- Sezione di Igiene, Dipartimento Universitario di Scienze della Vita e Sanità Pubblica, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Roma, Italia
- Department of Woman and Child Health and Public Health - Public Health Area, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Roma, Italia
| | - Paul Brennan
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, World Health Organization, Lyon, France
| | - Hermann Brenner
- Division of Clinical Epidemiology and Aging Research, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Division of Preventive Oncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) and National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), Heidelberg, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Gabriella Cadoni
- Dipartimento Scienze dell'Invecchiamento, Neurologiche, Ortopediche e della Testa-Collo, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Roma, Italy
- Dipartimento Patologia Testa Collo e Organi di Senso, Facoltà Medicina e, Chirurgia Università Cattolica Sacro Cuore, Roma, Italy
| | | | - Chu Chen
- Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - David Conway
- Dental School, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | | | - Luigino Dal Maso
- Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico (CRO) Aviano, IRCCS, Aviano, PN, Italy
| | | | - Valeria Edefonti
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Eleonora Fabianova
- Regional Authority of Public Health in Banska Bystrica, Banska Bystrica, Slovakia
| | | | - Silvia Franceschi
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, World Health Organization, Lyon, France
| | - Werner Garavello
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy
| | - Maura Gillison
- Thoracic/Head and Neck Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Richard B Hayes
- Division of Epidemiology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Claire Healy
- Trinity College School of Dental Science, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Rolando Herrero
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, World Health Organization, Lyon, France
| | - Ivana Holcatova
- Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jossy L Kanda
- Faculdade de Medicina do ABC, Hospital de Ensino, São Bernardo do Campo, SP, Brazil
| | - Karl Kelsey
- Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, USA
| | | | - Rosalina Koifman
- Escola Nacional de Saude Publica, Fundacao Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Pagona Lagiou
- School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Carlo La Vecchia
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Fabio Levi
- Institut Universitaire de Medecine Sociale et Preventive (IUMSP), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Guojun Li
- UT-M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Jolanta Lissowska
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention, M. Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Rossana Mendoza López
- Faculdade de Medicina da, Universidade de São Paulo, Instituto do Câncer do Estado de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Danièle Luce
- Univ Rennes, INSERM, EHESP, Irset (Institut de recherche en santé, environnement et travail) - UMR_S 1085, Pointe-à-Pitre, France
| | | | - Dana Mates
- National Institute of Public Health, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Keitaro Matsuo
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Michael McClean
- Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Ana Menezes
- Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil
| | - Gwenn Menvielle
- INSERM, Sorbonne Université, Institut Pierre Louis d'Epidémiologie et de Santé Publique IPLESP, Paris, France
| | - Hal Morgenstern
- Departments of Epidemiology and Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health and Department of Urology, Medical School, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | | | - Eva Negri
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Andrew F Olshan
- University of North Carolina School of Public Health, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | | | - Jerry Polesel
- Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico (CRO) Aviano, IRCCS, Aviano, PN, Italy
| | - Mark Purdue
- New York Eye and Ear Infirmary, New York, New York, USA
| | - Loredana Radoi
- INSERM UMR 1018, Centre for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health (CESP), Cancer Epidemiology, Genes and Environment Team, Villejuif, France
| | - Heribert Ramroth
- Heidelberg Institute of Global Health, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | | | | | | | - Diego Serraino
- Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico (CRO) Aviano, IRCCS, Aviano, PN, Italy
| | | | - Elaine Smith
- College of Public Health, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | - Erich M Sturgis
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | | | | | - Thomas L Vaughan
- Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Marta Vilensky
- Institute of Oncology Angel H. Roffo, University of Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | | | | | - Guo-Pei Yu
- Department of Otolaryngology, School of Medicine, New York Medical College, Valhalla, New York, USA
| | - Jose P Zevallos
- Division of Head and Neck Surgical Oncology, Department of Otolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Zuo-Feng Zhang
- UCLA School of Public Health, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Tongzhang Zheng
- Department of Epidemiology, Brown University School of Public Health, Providence, Rhode Island, USA
| | - Ariana Znaor
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, World Health Organization, Lyon, France
| | - Paolo Boffetta
- Stony Brook Cancer Center, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, USA
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Mia Hashibe
- Division of Public Health, Department of Family & Preventive Medicine and Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Yuan-Chin A Lee
- Division of Public Health, Department of Family & Preventive Medicine and Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Joshua E Muscat
- College of Medicine, The Pennsylvania State University, Hershey, Pennsylvania, USA
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4
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Rizzi A, Gammeri L, Cordiano R, Valentini M, Centrone M, Marrone S, Inchingolo R, Lohmeyer FM, Cavaliere C, Ria F, Cadoni G, Gangemi S, Nucera E. Therapeutic Strategies to Prevent the Recurrence of Nasal Polyps after Surgical Treatment: An Update and In Vitro Study on Growth Inhibition of Fibroblasts. J Clin Med 2023; 12:jcm12082841. [PMID: 37109177 PMCID: PMC10142691 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12082841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Revised: 04/05/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) is the most bothersome phenotype of chronic rhinosinusitis, which is typically characterized by a Type 2 inflammatory reaction, comorbidities and high rates of nasal polyp recurrence, causing severe impact on quality of life. Nasal polyp recurrence rates, defined as the number of patients undergoing revision endoscopic sinus surgery, are 20% within a 5 year period after surgery. The cornerstone of CRSwNP management consists of anti-inflammatory treatment with local corticosteroids. We performed a literature review regarding the therapeutic strategies used to prevent nasal polyp recurrence after surgical treatment. Finally, we report an in vitro study evaluating the efficacy of lysine-acetylsalicylic acid and other non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (ketoprofen and diclofenac) on the proliferation of fibroblasts, obtained from nasal polyp tissue samples. Our study demonstrates that diclofenac, even more so than lysine-acetylsalicylic acid, significantly inhibits fibroblast proliferation and could be considered a valid therapeutic strategy in preventing CRSwNP recurrence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela Rizzi
- UOSD Allergologia e Immunologia Clinica, Dipartimento Scienze Mediche e Chirurgiche, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Luca Gammeri
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, School and Operative Unit of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy
| | - Raffaele Cordiano
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, School and Operative Unit of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy
| | - Mariagrazia Valentini
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, 00168 Rome, Italy
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Michele Centrone
- UOSD Allergologia e Immunologia Clinica, Dipartimento Scienze Mediche e Chirurgiche, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Sabino Marrone
- Otorhinolaryngology Unit, Head and Neck Department, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Riccardo Inchingolo
- UOC Pneumologia, Dipartimento Neuroscienze, Organi di Senso e Torace, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | | | - Carlo Cavaliere
- Department of Sense Organs, Sapienza University, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Francesco Ria
- Section of General Pathology, Department of Translational Medicine and Surgery, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Largo Francesco Vito 1, 00168 Rome, Italy
- Department Laboratory and Infectious Diseases Sciences, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Largo Agostino Gemelli 1-8, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Gabriella Cadoni
- Otorhinolaryngology Unit, Head and Neck Department, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy
- Otolaryngology Institute, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Sebastiano Gangemi
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, School and Operative Unit of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy
| | - Eleonora Nucera
- UOSD Allergologia e Immunologia Clinica, Dipartimento Scienze Mediche e Chirurgiche, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy
- Medicina e Chirurgia Traslazionale, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy
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5
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Bianco A, Colò F, Falso S, Russo R, Carlà MM, Minucci A, Cadoni G, Lucchini M, Cicia A, Calabresi P, Mirabella M. New onset of Susac syndrome after mRNA COVID-19 vaccine: a case report. J Neurol 2023; 270:614-617. [PMID: 36222903 PMCID: PMC9555271 DOI: 10.1007/s00415-022-11406-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Revised: 09/26/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Assunta Bianco
- Multiple Sclerosis Center, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, 00168, Rome, Italy. .,Department of Neurosciences, Catholic University of Sacred Heart, 00168, Rome, Italy.
| | - Francesca Colò
- Department of Neurosciences, Catholic University of Sacred Heart, 00168, Rome, Italy
| | - Silvia Falso
- Department of Neurosciences, Catholic University of Sacred Heart, 00168, Rome, Italy
| | - Rosellina Russo
- Neuroradiology Unit, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, 00168, Rome, Italy.,Institute of Radiology, Catholic University of Sacred Heart, 00168, Rome, Italy
| | - Matteo Maria Carlà
- Institute of Ophtalmology, Catholic University of Sacred Heart, 00168, Rome, Italy
| | - Angelo Minucci
- Departmental Unit of Molecular and Genomic Diagnostics, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, 00168, Rome, Italy
| | - Gabriella Cadoni
- Otorhinolaryngology Unit, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, 00168, Rome, Italy.,Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Catholic University of Sacred Heart, 00168, Rome, Italy
| | - Matteo Lucchini
- Multiple Sclerosis Center, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, 00168, Rome, Italy.,Department of Neurosciences, Catholic University of Sacred Heart, 00168, Rome, Italy
| | - Alessandra Cicia
- Department of Neurosciences, Catholic University of Sacred Heart, 00168, Rome, Italy
| | - Paolo Calabresi
- Multiple Sclerosis Center, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, 00168, Rome, Italy.,Department of Neurosciences, Catholic University of Sacred Heart, 00168, Rome, Italy
| | - Massimiliano Mirabella
- Multiple Sclerosis Center, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, 00168, Rome, Italy.,Department of Neurosciences, Catholic University of Sacred Heart, 00168, Rome, Italy
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6
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Pastorino R, Sassano M, Danilo Tiziano F, Giraldi L, Amore R, Arzani D, Abiusi E, Ahrens W, Vilches LA, Canova C, Healy CM, Holcatova I, Lagiou P, Polesel J, Popovic M, Nygård S, Cadoni G, Znaor A, Boffetta P, Matsuo K, Oze I, Brennan P, Boccia S. Plasma miR-151-3p as a Candidate Diagnostic Biomarker for Head and Neck Cancer: A Cross-sectional Study within the INHANCE Consortium. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2022; 31:2237-2243. [PMID: 36126276 PMCID: PMC9720423 DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.epi-22-0376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2022] [Revised: 06/24/2022] [Accepted: 09/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Identification of screening tests for the detection of head and neck cancer (HNC) at an early stage is an important strategy to improving prognosis. Our objective was to identify plasma circulating miRNAs for the diagnosis of HNC (oral and laryngeal subsites), within a multicenter International Head and Neck Cancer Epidemiology consortium. METHODS A high-throughput screening phase with 754 miRNAs was performed in plasma samples of 88 cases and 88 controls, followed by a validation phase of the differentially expressed miRNAs, identified in the screening, in samples of 396 cases and 396 controls. Comparison of the fold changes (FC) was carried out using the Wilcoxon rank-sum test and the Dunn multiple comparison test. RESULTS We identified miR-151-3p (FC = 1.73, P = 0.007) as differentially expressed miRNAs in the screening and validation phase. The miR-151-3p was the only overexpressed miRNA in validation sample of patients with HNC with early stage at diagnosis (FC = 1.81, P = 0.008) and it was confirmed upregulated both in smoker early-stage cases (FC = 3.52, P = 0.024) and in nonsmoker early-stage cases (FC = 1.60, P = 0.025) compared with controls. CONCLUSIONS We identified miR-151-3p as an early marker of HNC. This miRNA was the only upregulated in patients at early stages of the disease, independently of the smoking status. IMPACT The prognosis for HNC is still poor. The discovery of a new diagnostic biomarker could lead to an earlier tumor discovery and therefore to an improvement in patient prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberta Pastorino
- Department of Woman and Child Health and Public Health—Public Health Area, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Roma, Italia
- Section of Hygiene, University Department of Life Sciences and Public Health, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Roma, Italia
| | - Michele Sassano
- Section of Hygiene, University Department of Life Sciences and Public Health, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Roma, Italia
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Francesco Danilo Tiziano
- Department of Life Sciences and Public Health, Section of Genomic Medicine, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Roma, Italia
- Unit of Medical Genetics, Department of Laboratory Science and Infectious Diseases, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Roma, Italia
| | - Luca Giraldi
- Section of Hygiene, University Department of Life Sciences and Public Health, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Roma, Italia
| | - Rosarita Amore
- Section of Hygiene, University Department of Life Sciences and Public Health, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Roma, Italia
| | - Dario Arzani
- Section of Hygiene, University Department of Life Sciences and Public Health, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Roma, Italia
| | - Emanuela Abiusi
- Department of Life Sciences and Public Health, Section of Genomic Medicine, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Roma, Italia
- Unit of Medical Genetics, Department of Laboratory Science and Infectious Diseases, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Roma, Italia
| | - Wolfgang Ahrens
- Leibniz Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology, BIPS, and University of Bremen, Faculty of Mathematics and Computer Science, Institute of Statistics, Bremen, Germany
| | - Laia Alemany Vilches
- Cancer Epidemiology Research Programme, IDIBELL, Catalan Institute of Oncology, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain
- Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
| | - Cristina Canova
- Department of Cardiac Thoracic Vascular Sciences and Public Health, Università di Padova, Padova, Italia
| | | | - Ivana Holcatova
- Institute of Hygiene & Epidemiology, 1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Pagona Lagiou
- Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Jerry Polesel
- Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico (CRO) Aviano, IRCCS, Aviano, Italia
| | - Maja Popovic
- Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Department of Medical Sciences, Università di Torino, Torino, Italia
| | | | - Gabriella Cadoni
- Dipartimento Scienze dell'Invecchiamento, Neurologiche, Ortopediche e della Testa-Collo, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Roma, Italia
- Dipartimento Patologia Testa Collo e Organi di Senso, Facoltà Medicina e Chirurgia Università Cattolica Sacro Cuore, Roma, Italia
| | - Ariana Znaor
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, World Health Organization, Lyon, France
| | - Paolo Boffetta
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
- Stony Brook Cancer Center, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York
| | - Keitaro Matsuo
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention, Aichi Cancer Center, Nagoya, Japan
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Isao Oze
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention, Aichi Cancer Center, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Paul Brennan
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, World Health Organization, Lyon, France
| | - Stefania Boccia
- Department of Woman and Child Health and Public Health—Public Health Area, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Roma, Italia
- Section of Hygiene, University Department of Life Sciences and Public Health, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Roma, Italia
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7
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De Lorenzis E, Crudo F, Fedele AL, Fiorita A, Bruno D, Paludetti G, Alivernini S, Giraldi L, Picciotti PM, Zoli A, Cadoni G. Postural control and disability in patients with early rheumatoid arthritis. Clin Exp Rheumatol 2021; 39:1369-1377. [DOI: 10.55563/clinexprheumatol/hkfeur] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2020] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Enrico De Lorenzis
- Biomolecular Medicine PhD Program - cycle XXXV, University of Verona, and Institute of Rheumatology, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Crudo
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy
| | - Anna Laura Fedele
- Institute of Rheumatology, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy
| | - Antonella Fiorita
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy
| | - Dario Bruno
- Institute of Rheumatology, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy
| | - Gaetano Paludetti
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy
| | - Stefano Alivernini
- Institute of Rheumatology, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy
| | - Luca Giraldi
- Sections of Hygiene, Department of Life Sciences and Public Health, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Angelo Zoli
- Institute of Rheumatology, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy.
| | - Gabriella Cadoni
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy
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8
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Ferreiro-Iglesias A, McKay JD, Brenner N, Virani S, Lesseur C, Gaborieau V, Ness AR, Hung RJ, Liu G, Diergaarde B, Olshan AF, Hayes N, Weissler MC, Schroeder L, Bender N, Pawlita M, Thomas S, Pring M, Dudding T, Kanterewicz B, Ferris R, Thomas S, Brhane Y, Díez-Obrero V, Milojevic M, Smith-Byrne K, Mariosa D, Johansson MJ, Herrero R, Boccia S, Cadoni G, Lacko M, Holcátová I, Ahrens W, Lagiou P, Lagiou A, Polesel J, Simonato L, Merletti F, Healy CM, Hansen BT, Nygård M, Conway DI, Wright S, Macfarlane TV, Robinson M, Alemany L, Agudo A, Znaor A, Amos CI, Waterboer T, Brennan P. Germline determinants of humoral immune response to HPV-16 protect against oropharyngeal cancer. Nat Commun 2021; 12:5945. [PMID: 34642315 PMCID: PMC8511029 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-26151-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2020] [Accepted: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Although several oropharyngeal cancer (OPC) susceptibility loci have been identified, most previous studies lacked detailed information on human papillomavirus (HPV) status. We conduct a genome-wide analysis by HPV16 serology status in 4,002 oral cancer cases (OPC and oral cavity cancer (OCC)) and 5,256 controls. We detect four susceptibility loci pointing to a distinct genetic predisposition by HPV status. Our most notable finding in the HLA region, that is now confirmed to be specific of HPV(+)OPC risk, reveal two independent loci with strong protective effects, one refining the previously reported HLA class II haplotype association. Antibody levels against HPV16 viral proteins strongly implicate the protective HLA variants as major determinants of humoral response against L1 capsid protein or E6 oncoprotein suggesting a natural immune response against HPV(+)OPC promoted by HLA variants. This indicates that therapeutic vaccines that target E6 and attenuate viral response after established HPV infections might protect against HPV(+)OPC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aida Ferreiro-Iglesias
- Section of Genetics, Genetic Epidemiology Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer, World Health Organization, Lyon, France.
| | - James D McKay
- Section of Genetics, Genetic Cancer Susceptibility Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer, World Health Organization, Lyon, France
| | - Nicole Brenner
- Infections and Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Shama Virani
- Section of Genetics, Genetic Epidemiology Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer, World Health Organization, Lyon, France
| | - Corina Lesseur
- Section of Genetics, Genetic Epidemiology Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer, World Health Organization, Lyon, France
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Valerie Gaborieau
- Section of Genetics, Genetic Epidemiology Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer, World Health Organization, Lyon, France
| | - Andy R Ness
- National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Bristol Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospitals Bristol and Weston NHS Foundation Trust and the University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- Bristol Dental School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Rayjean J Hung
- Prosserman Centre for Population Health Research, Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Sinai Health System, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Geoffrey Liu
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute of Sinai Health System, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Brenda Diergaarde
- Department of Human Genetics, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Andrew F Olshan
- Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Neil Hayes
- Division of Medical Oncology and Center for Cancer Research, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Mark C Weissler
- Department of Otolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Lea Schroeder
- Infections and Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Noemi Bender
- Infections and Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Michael Pawlita
- Infections and Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Steve Thomas
- Bristol Dental School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Miranda Pring
- Bristol Dental School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Tom Dudding
- Bristol Dental School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | | | | | - Sera Thomas
- Prosserman Centre for Population Health Research, Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Sinai Health System, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Yonathan Brhane
- Prosserman Centre for Population Health Research, Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Sinai Health System, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Virginia Díez-Obrero
- Oncology Data Analytics Program, Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Maja Milojevic
- Section of Genetics, Genetic Epidemiology Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer, World Health Organization, Lyon, France
| | - Karl Smith-Byrne
- Section of Genetics, Genetic Epidemiology Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer, World Health Organization, Lyon, France
| | - Daniela Mariosa
- Section of Genetics, Genetic Epidemiology Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer, World Health Organization, Lyon, France
| | - Mattias J Johansson
- Section of Genetics, Genetic Epidemiology Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer, World Health Organization, Lyon, France
| | - Rolando Herrero
- Section of Early Detection and Prevention, Prevention and Implementation Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer, World Health Organization, Lyon, France
| | - Stefania Boccia
- Section of Hygiene, University Department of Life Sciences and Public Health, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Roma, Italy
- Department of Woman and Child Health and Public Health - Public Health Area, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A.Gemelli IRCCS, Roma, Italy
| | - Gabriella Cadoni
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Institute of Clinical Otorhinolaryngology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Roma, Italy
- Istituto di Clinica Otorinolaringoiatrica, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A.Gemelli IRCCS, Roma, Italy
| | - Martin Lacko
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Ivana Holcátová
- Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Prague, Czech Republic
| | | | - Pagona Lagiou
- School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Areti Lagiou
- School of Public Health, University of West Attica, Athens, Greece
| | | | | | | | - Claire M Healy
- Trinity College School of Dental Science, Dublin, Ireland
| | | | - Mari Nygård
- Department of Research, Cancer Registry of Norway, Oslo, Norway
| | - David I Conway
- School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Nursing, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Sylvia Wright
- Queen Elizabeth University Hospital, NHS Greater Glasgow and Clyde, Glasgow, UK
| | | | - Max Robinson
- Centre for Oral Health Research, Newcastle University, Newcastle, UK
| | - Laia Alemany
- Catalan Institute of Oncology/IDIBELL, Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Epidemiología y Salud Pública-CIBERESP, Madrid, Spain
| | - Antonio Agudo
- Catalan Institute of Oncology/IDIBELL, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ariana Znaor
- Cancer Surveillance Section, International Agency for Research on Cancer, World Health Organization, Lyon, France
| | | | - Tim Waterboer
- Infections and Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Paul Brennan
- Section of Genetics, Genetic Epidemiology Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer, World Health Organization, Lyon, France.
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9
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Prampolini C, Almadori G, Bonvissuto D, Barba M, Giraldi L, Boccia S, Paludetti G, Galli J, Parolini O, Settimi S, Cadoni G. Immunohistochemical detection of "ex novo" HLA-DR in tumor cells determines clinical outcome in laryngeal cancer patients. HLA 2021; 98:517-524. [PMID: 34605215 DOI: 10.1111/tan.14441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2021] [Revised: 09/27/2021] [Accepted: 09/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/09/2022]
Abstract
There are controversial results about the role of "ex novo" HLA-DR expression by tumor cells and its correlation with the oncological outcomes. Unfortunately, little is known about HLA-DR expression in laryngeal cancer tumor cells. The main purpose of this retrospective study is to strengthen the usefulness of studying "ex novo" HLA-DR expression on tumor cells from primary laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC) patients and investigate its correlation with clinical outcome. We analyzed HLA-DR expression by immunohistochemical analysis in 56 patients with LSCC. The "ex novo" HLA-DR expression on laryngeal cancer tumor cells, assessing non-neoplastic LSCC - adjacent tissue, and the association of HLA-DR expression (HLA-DR+) with clinical outcomes were investigated. HLA-DR+ tumor cells were detected in 18/56 LSCC patients (32.1%). All specimens of non-neoplastic laryngeal carcinoma-adjacent tissue resulted HLA-DR negative (HLA-DR-). A statistically significant association was observed between HLA-DR + and well differentiated tumors (G1) (p<0.001). The Kaplan-Meier method showed how HLA-DR+ is significantly associated with both a better disease specific survival (HLA-DR+=100% vs. HLA-DR-=77.4%; p=0.047) and a better relapse free survival (HLA-DR+=100% vs. HLA-DR-=72.3%; p=0.021). Cox regression univariate analysis for death of disease confirmed a higher HR for HLA-DR absence on the surface of epithelial tumor cell [HR:37.489; 95% CI:0.750-18730.776; p=0.253] and for high-grade (G3) tumors [HR:18.601; 95% CI:3.613-95.764; p<0.0001]. Our results confirm that MHC class II HLA-DR expression is activated in a sub-set of LSCC patients. Evaluation of HLA-DR expression in LSCC could be useful for prognosis and future approaches towards personalized therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Prampolini
- Department of Head-Neck and Sensory Organs, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Giovanni Almadori
- Department of Head-Neck and Sensory Organs, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy.,Department of Aging, Neurologic, Orthopedic and Head-Neck Sciences, Otorhinolaryngology Unit, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Davide Bonvissuto
- Department of Neurosciences, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Marta Barba
- Department of Life Science and Public Health, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy.,Biobank for Personalized Medicine, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Luca Giraldi
- Department of Life Science and Public Health, Section of Hygiene and Public Health, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Stefania Boccia
- Department of Life Science and Public Health, Section of Hygiene and Public Health, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy.,Department of Woman and Child Health and Public Health, Public Health Area, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Gaetano Paludetti
- Department of Head-Neck and Sensory Organs, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy.,Department of Aging, Neurologic, Orthopedic and Head-Neck Sciences, Otorhinolaryngology Unit, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Jacopo Galli
- Department of Head-Neck and Sensory Organs, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy.,Department of Aging, Neurologic, Orthopedic and Head-Neck Sciences, Otorhinolaryngology Unit, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Ornella Parolini
- Department of Life Science and Public Health, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy.,Biobank for Personalized Medicine, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Stefano Settimi
- Department of Aging, Neurologic, Orthopedic and Head-Neck Sciences, Otorhinolaryngology Unit, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Gabriella Cadoni
- Department of Head-Neck and Sensory Organs, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy.,Department of Aging, Neurologic, Orthopedic and Head-Neck Sciences, Otorhinolaryngology Unit, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
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10
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Lesseur C, Ferreiro-Iglesias A, McKay JD, Bossé Y, Johansson M, Gaborieau V, Landi MT, Christiani DC, Caporaso NC, Bojesen SE, Amos CI, Shete S, Liu G, Rennert G, Albanes D, Aldrich MC, Tardon A, Chen C, Triantafillos L, Field JK, Teare MD, Kiemeney LA, Diergaarde B, Ferris RL, Zienolddiny S, Lam S, Olshan AF, Weissler MC, Lacko M, Risch A, Bickeböller H, Ness AR, Thomas S, Le Marchand L, Schabath MB, Wünsch-Filho V, Tajara EH, Andrew AS, Clifford GM, Lazarus P, Grankvist K, Johansson M, Arnold S, Melander O, Brunnström H, Boccia S, Cadoni G, Timens W, Obeidat M, Xiao X, Houlston RS, Hung RJ, Brennan P. Genome-wide association meta-analysis identifies pleiotropic risk loci for aerodigestive squamous cell cancers. PLoS Genet 2021; 17:e1009254. [PMID: 33667223 PMCID: PMC7968735 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1009254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2020] [Revised: 03/17/2021] [Accepted: 11/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Squamous cell carcinomas (SqCC) of the aerodigestive tract have similar etiological risk factors. Although genetic risk variants for individual cancers have been identified, an agnostic, genome-wide search for shared genetic susceptibility has not been performed. To identify novel and pleotropic SqCC risk variants, we performed a meta-analysis of GWAS data on lung SqCC (LuSqCC), oro/pharyngeal SqCC (OSqCC), laryngeal SqCC (LaSqCC) and esophageal SqCC (ESqCC) cancers, totaling 13,887 cases and 61,961 controls of European ancestry. We identified one novel genome-wide significant (Pmeta<5x10-8) aerodigestive SqCC susceptibility loci in the 2q33.1 region (rs56321285, TMEM273). Additionally, three previously unknown loci reached suggestive significance (Pmeta<5x10-7): 1q32.1 (rs12133735, near MDM4), 5q31.2 (rs13181561, TMEM173) and 19p13.11 (rs61494113, ABHD8). Multiple previously identified loci for aerodigestive SqCC also showed evidence of pleiotropy in at least another SqCC site, these include: 4q23 (ADH1B), 6p21.33 (STK19), 6p21.32 (HLA-DQB1), 9p21.33 (CDKN2B-AS1) and 13q13.1(BRCA2). Gene-based association and gene set enrichment identified a set of 48 SqCC-related genes rel to DNA damage and epigenetic regulation pathways. Our study highlights the importance of cross-cancer analyses to identify pleiotropic risk loci of histology-related cancers arising at distinct anatomical sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Corina Lesseur
- Section of Genetics, Genetic Epidemiology Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer, World Health Organization, Lyon, France
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Aida Ferreiro-Iglesias
- Section of Genetics, Genetic Epidemiology Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer, World Health Organization, Lyon, France
| | - James D. McKay
- Section of Genetics, Genetic Cancer Susceptibility Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer, World Health Organization, Lyon, France
| | - Yohan Bossé
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Institut universitaire de cardiologie et de pneumologie de Québec, Laval University, Quebec City, Canada
| | - Mattias Johansson
- Section of Genetics, Genetic Epidemiology Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer, World Health Organization, Lyon, France
| | - Valerie Gaborieau
- Section of Genetics, Genetic Epidemiology Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer, World Health Organization, Lyon, France
| | - Maria Teresa Landi
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - David C. Christiani
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Neil C. Caporaso
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Stig E. Bojesen
- Copenhagen General Population Study, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Christopher I. Amos
- Department of Medicine, Baylor college of Medicine, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Sanjay Shete
- Department of Biostatistics, The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Geoffrey Liu
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute of Sinai Health System, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Gadi Rennert
- Clalit National Cancer Control Center, Carmel Medical Center and Technion Faculty of Medicine, Haifa, Israel
| | - Demetrius Albanes
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Melinda C. Aldrich
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Division of Epidemiology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America
| | - Adonina Tardon
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Oviedo and CIBERESP, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Chu Chen
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington School of Public Health and Community Medicine, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | | | - John K. Field
- Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Marion Dawn Teare
- School of Health and Related Research, University Of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | | | - Brenda Diergaarde
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
- Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
- UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Robert L. Ferris
- UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | | | - Stephen Lam
- British Columbia Cancer Agency, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Andrew F. Olshan
- Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Mark C. Weissler
- Department of Otolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery, UNC Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Martin Lacko
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Angela Risch
- University of Salzburg, Department of Biosciences and Cancer Cluster Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria
- Division of Epigenomics, DKFZ – German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany
- Translational Lung Research Center Heidelberg (TLRC-H), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Heike Bickeböller
- Department of Genetic Epidemiology, University Medical Center, Georg-August-University Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Andy R. Ness
- National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Bristol Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospitals Bristol NHS Foundation Trust, Bristol, United Kingdom
- Bristol Dental School, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Steve Thomas
- Bristol Dental School, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Loic Le Marchand
- Epidemiology Program, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, Hawaii, United States of America
| | - Matthew B. Schabath
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, Florida, United States of America
| | | | - Eloiza H. Tajara
- Department of Molecular Biology, School of Medicine of São José do Rio Preto, São José do Rio Preto, Brazil
| | - Angeline S. Andrew
- Biomedical Data Science, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Dartmouth College, Hanover, New Hampshire, United States of America
| | - Gary M. Clifford
- Infections Section, Infections and Cancer Epidemiology Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer, World Health Organization, Lyon, France
| | - Philip Lazarus
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Washington State University, Spokane, Washington, United States of America
| | - Kjell Grankvist
- Department of Medical Biosciences, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | | | - Susanne Arnold
- Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, United States of America
| | - Olle Melander
- Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
- Department of Internal Medicine, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Hans Brunnström
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Stefania Boccia
- Section of Hygiene, University Department of Life Sciences and Public Health, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Roma, Italia
- Department of Woman and Child Health and Public Health - Public Health Area, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Roma, Italia
| | - Gabriella Cadoni
- Dipartimento Patologia Testa Collo e Organi di Senso, Istituto di Clinica Otorinolaringoiatrica, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Roma, Italia
- Dipartimento di Scienze dell’Invecchiamento, Neurologiche, Ortopediche e della Testa-Collo, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Roma, Italia
| | - Wim Timens
- Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
- GRIAC Research Institute, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Ma’en Obeidat
- Centre for Heart Lung Innovation, St Paul’s Hospital, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Xiangjun Xiao
- Department of Medicine, Baylor college of Medicine, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Richard S. Houlston
- Division of Genetics and Epidemiology, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom
| | - Rayjean J. Hung
- Prosserman Centre for Population Health Research, Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Sinai Health System, Toronto, Canada
| | - Paul Brennan
- Section of Genetics, Genetic Epidemiology Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer, World Health Organization, Lyon, France
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Chang CP, Chang SC, Chuang SC, Berthiller J, Ferro G, Matsuo K, Wünsch-Filho V, Toporcov TN, de Carvalho MB, La Vecchia C, Olshan AF, Zevallos JP, Serraino D, Muscat J, Sturgis EM, Li G, Morgenstern H, Levi F, Dal Maso L, Smith E, Kelsey K, McClean M, Vaughan TL, Lazarus P, Ramroth H, Chen C, Schwartz SM, Winn DM, Bosetti C, Edefonti V, Garavello W, Negri E, Hayes RB, Purdue MP, Boccia S, Cadoni G, Shangina O, Koifman R, Curado MP, Vilensky M, Swiatkowska B, Herrero R, Franceschi S, Benhamou S, Fernandez L, Menezes AMB, Daudt AW, Mates D, Schantz S, Yu GP, Lissowska J, Brenner H, Fabianova E, Rudnai P, Brennan P, Boffetta P, Zhang ZF, Hashibe M, Lee YCA. Age at start of using tobacco on the risk of head and neck cancer: Pooled analysis in the International Head and Neck Cancer Epidemiology Consortium (INHANCE). Cancer Epidemiol 2019; 63:101615. [PMID: 31586822 PMCID: PMC10072232 DOI: 10.1016/j.canep.2019.101615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2019] [Revised: 09/18/2019] [Accepted: 09/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tobacco use is a well-established risk factor for head and neck cancer (HNC). However, less is known about the potential impact of exposure to tobacco at an early age on HNC risk. METHODS We analyzed individual-level data on ever tobacco smokers from 27 case-control studies (17,146 HNC cases and 17,449 controls) in the International Head and Neck Cancer Epidemiology (INHANCE) consortium. Adjusted odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated using random-effects logistic regression models. RESULTS Without adjusting for tobacco packyears, we observed that younger age at starting tobacco use was associated with an increased HNC risk for ever smokers (OR<10 years vs. ≥30 years: 1.64, 95% CI: 1.35, 1.97). However, the observed association between age at starting tobacco use and HNC risk became null after adjusting for tobacco packyears (OR<10 years vs. ≥30 years: 0.97, 95% CI: 0.80, 1.19). In the stratified analyses on HNC subsites by tobacco packyears or years since quitting, no difference in the association between age at start and HNC risk was observed. CONCLUSIONS Results from this pooled analysis suggest that increased HNC risks observed with earlier age at starting tobacco smoking are largely due to longer duration and higher cumulative tobacco exposures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Pin Chang
- Division of Public Health, Department of Family & Preventive Medicine, University of Utah School of Medicine, and Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City, UT, United States
| | - Shen-Chih Chang
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France; Department of Epidemiology, UCLA Fielding School of Public Health, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Shu-Chun Chuang
- Institute of Population Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Taiwan
| | - Julien Berthiller
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France; Pôle Information Médicale Evaluation Recherche, Hospices Civils de Lyon, France
| | - Gilles Ferro
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Keitaro Matsuo
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention, Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute, Nagoya, Japan; Department of Cancer Epidemiology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Victor Wünsch-Filho
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Tatiana N Toporcov
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Carlo La Vecchia
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Andrew F Olshan
- Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
| | - Jose P Zevallos
- Division of Head and Neck Surgical Oncology, Department of Otolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, United States
| | - Diego Serraino
- Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico di Aviano (CRO) IRCCS, Italy
| | - Joshua Muscat
- Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, United States
| | - Erich M Sturgis
- University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Guojun Li
- University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Hal Morgenstern
- Departments of Epidemiology and Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, and Department of Urology, Medical School, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Fabio Levi
- Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine (IUMSP), Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Luigino Dal Maso
- Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico di Aviano (CRO) IRCCS, Italy
| | - Elaine Smith
- College of Public Health, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
| | - Karl Kelsey
- Brown University, Providence, RI, United States
| | | | - Thomas L Vaughan
- Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Philip Lazarus
- Washington State University College of Pharmacy, Spokane, WA, United States
| | | | - Chu Chen
- Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, United States
| | | | - Deborah M Winn
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, MD, United States
| | - Cristina Bosetti
- Department of Oncology, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Valeria Edefonti
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Werner Garavello
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy
| | - Eva Negri
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, University of Milan, Italy
| | - Richard B Hayes
- Division of Epidemiology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, United States
| | - Mark P Purdue
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, MD, United States
| | - Stefania Boccia
- Institute of Public Health, Section of Hygiene, Universita Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy; Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A.Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Gabriella Cadoni
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Institute of Clinical Otorhinolaryngology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy; Istituto di Clinica Otorinolaringoiatrica, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A.Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Rosalina Koifman
- Escola Nacional de Suade Publica, Fundacao Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | - Marta Vilensky
- Institute of Oncology Angel H. Roffo, University of Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | | | | | - Silvia Franceschi
- Scientific Directorate, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico di Aviano (CRO) IRCCS, Italy
| | - Simone Benhamou
- National Institute of Health and Medical Research, Inserm U1018, Villejuif, France
| | | | | | | | - Dana Mates
- National Institute of Public Health, Bucharest, Romania
| | | | - Guo-Pei Yu
- Department of Otolaryngology, School of Medicine, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, United States
| | - Jolanta Lissowska
- The M. Skasodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology, Dept. of Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Hermann Brenner
- Division of Clinical Epidemiology and Aging Research, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany; Division of Preventive Oncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) and National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), Heidelberg, Germany; German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | | | - Peter Rudnai
- National Institute of Environmental Health, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Paul Brennan
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Paolo Boffetta
- The Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
| | - Zuo-Feng Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology, UCLA Fielding School of Public Health, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Mia Hashibe
- Division of Public Health, Department of Family & Preventive Medicine, University of Utah School of Medicine, and Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City, UT, United States
| | - Yuan-Chin Amy Lee
- Division of Public Health, Department of Family & Preventive Medicine, University of Utah School of Medicine, and Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City, UT, United States.
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12
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Jiang X, Finucane HK, Schumacher FR, Schmit SL, Tyrer JP, Han Y, Michailidou K, Lesseur C, Kuchenbaecker KB, Dennis J, Conti DV, Casey G, Gaudet MM, Huyghe JR, Albanes D, Aldrich MC, Andrew AS, Andrulis IL, Anton-Culver H, Antoniou AC, Antonenkova NN, Arnold SM, Aronson KJ, Arun BK, Bandera EV, Barkardottir RB, Barnes DR, Batra J, Beckmann MW, Benitez J, Benlloch S, Berchuck A, Berndt SI, Bickeböller H, Bien SA, Blomqvist C, Boccia S, Bogdanova NV, Bojesen SE, Bolla MK, Brauch H, Brenner H, Brenton JD, Brook MN, Brunet J, Brunnström H, Buchanan DD, Burwinkel B, Butzow R, Cadoni G, Caldés T, Caligo MA, Campbell I, Campbell PT, Cancel-Tassin G, Cannon-Albright L, Campa D, Caporaso N, Carvalho AL, Chan AT, Chang-Claude J, Chanock SJ, Chen C, Christiani DC, Claes KBM, Claessens F, Clements J, Collée JM, Correa MC, Couch FJ, Cox A, Cunningham JM, Cybulski C, Czene K, Daly MB, deFazio A, Devilee P, Diez O, Gago-Dominguez M, Donovan JL, Dörk T, Duell EJ, Dunning AM, Dwek M, Eccles DM, Edlund CK, Edwards DRV, Ellberg C, Evans DG, Fasching PA, Ferris RL, Liloglou T, Figueiredo JC, Fletcher O, Fortner RT, Fostira F, Franceschi S, Friedman E, Gallinger SJ, Ganz PA, Garber J, García-Sáenz JA, Gayther SA, Giles GG, Godwin AK, Goldberg MS, Goldgar DE, Goode EL, Goodman MT, Goodman G, Grankvist K, Greene MH, Gronberg H, Gronwald J, Guénel P, Håkansson N, Hall P, Hamann U, Hamdy FC, Hamilton RJ, Hampe J, Haugen A, Heitz F, Herrero R, Hillemanns P, Hoffmeister M, Høgdall E, Hong YC, Hopper JL, Houlston R, Hulick PJ, Hunter DJ, Huntsman DG, Idos G, Imyanitov EN, Ingles SA, Isaacs C, Jakubowska A, James P, Jenkins MA, Johansson M, Johansson M, John EM, Joshi AD, Kaneva R, Karlan BY, Kelemen LE, Kühl T, Khaw KT, Khusnutdinova E, Kibel AS, Kiemeney LA, Kim J, Kjaer SK, Knight JA, Kogevinas M, Kote-Jarai Z, Koutros S, Kristensen VN, Kupryjanczyk J, Lacko M, Lam S, Lambrechts D, Landi MT, Lazarus P, Le ND, Lee E, Lejbkowicz F, Lenz HJ, Leslie G, Lessel D, Lester J, Levine DA, Li L, Li CI, Lindblom A, Lindor NM, Liu G, Loupakis F, Lubiński J, Maehle L, Maier C, Mannermaa A, Marchand LL, Margolin S, May T, McGuffog L, Meindl A, Middha P, Miller A, Milne RL, MacInnis RJ, Modugno F, Montagna M, Moreno V, Moysich KB, Mucci L, Muir K, Mulligan AM, Nathanson KL, Neal DE, Ness AR, Neuhausen SL, Nevanlinna H, Newcomb PA, Newcomb LF, Nielsen FC, Nikitina-Zake L, Nordestgaard BG, Nussbaum RL, Offit K, Olah E, Olama AAA, Olopade OI, Olshan AF, Olsson H, Osorio A, Pandha H, Park JY, Pashayan N, Parsons MT, Pejovic T, Penney KL, Peters WHM, Phelan CM, Phipps AI, Plaseska-Karanfilska D, Pring M, Prokofyeva D, Radice P, Stefansson K, Ramus SJ, Raskin L, Rennert G, Rennert HS, van Rensburg EJ, Riggan MJ, Risch HA, Risch A, Roobol MJ, Rosenstein BS, Rossing MA, De Ruyck K, Saloustros E, Sandler DP, Sawyer EJ, Schabath MB, Schleutker J, Schmidt MK, Setiawan VW, Shen H, Siegel EM, Sieh W, Singer CF, Slattery ML, Sorensen KD, Southey MC, Spurdle AB, Stanford JL, Stevens VL, Stintzing S, Stone J, Sundfeldt K, Sutphen R, Swerdlow AJ, Tajara EH, Tangen CM, Tardon A, Taylor JA, Teare MD, Teixeira MR, Terry MB, Terry KL, Thibodeau SN, Thomassen M, Bjørge L, Tischkowitz M, Toland AE, Torres D, Townsend PA, Travis RC, Tung N, Tworoger SS, Ulrich CM, Usmani N, Vachon CM, Van Nieuwenhuysen E, Vega A, Aguado-Barrera ME, Wang Q, Webb PM, Weinberg CR, Weinstein S, Weissler MC, Weitzel JN, West CML, White E, Whittemore AS, Wichmann HE, Wiklund F, Winqvist R, Wolk A, Woll P, Woods M, Wu AH, Wu X, Yannoukakos D, Zheng W, Zienolddiny S, Ziogas A, Zorn KK, Lane JM, Saxena R, Thomas D, Hung RJ, Diergaarde B, McKay J, Peters U, Hsu L, García-Closas M, Eeles RA, Chenevix-Trench G, Brennan PJ, Haiman CA, Simard J, Easton DF, Gruber SB, Pharoah PDP, Price AL, Pasaniuc B, Amos CI, Kraft P, Lindström S. Publisher Correction: Shared heritability and functional enrichment across six solid cancers. Nat Commun 2019; 10:4386. [PMID: 31548585 PMCID: PMC6757065 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-12095-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xia Jiang
- Program in Genetic Epidemiology and Statistical Genetics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, 677 Huntington Ave, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.
- Unit of Cardiovascular Epidemiology, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Nobels vagen 13, 17177, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Hilary K Finucane
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, 677 Huntington Ave, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, 75 Ames St, Cambridge, MA, 02142, USA
| | - Fredrick R Schumacher
- Department of Population and Quantitative Health Sciences, Case Western Reserve University, 10900 Eucid Avenue, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA
- Seidman Cancer Center, University Hospitals, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA
| | - Stephanie L Schmit
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, 12902 Magnolia Dr. MRC-CANCONT, Tampa, FL, 33612, USA
- Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, 12902 Magnolia Dr. MRC-CANCONT, Tampa, FL, 33612, USA
| | - Jonathan P Tyrer
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, 2 Worts' Causeway, Cambridge, CB1 8RN, UK
| | - Younghun Han
- Department of Biomedical Data Science, The Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, 1 Medical Center Drive, Lebanon, NH, 03756, USA
| | - Kyriaki Michailidou
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, 2 Worts' Causeway, Cambridge, CB1 8RN, UK
- Department of Electron Microscopy/Molecular Pathology, The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, 1683, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Corina Lesseur
- Genetic Epidemiology Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer, 150 Cours Albert Thomas, 69008, Lyon, France
- Section of Genetics, International Agency for Research on Cancer, 150 cours Albert Thomas, 69008, Lyon, France
| | - Karoline B Kuchenbaecker
- Division of Psychiatry, University College London, Maple House, 149 Tottenham Court Road, London, W1T 7NF, UK
- UCL Genetics Institute, University College London, Gower Street, London, WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Joe Dennis
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, 2 Worts' Causeway, Cambridge, CB1 8RN, UK
| | - David V Conti
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles, CA, 48109, USA
| | - Graham Casey
- Public Health Sciences, University of Virginia, P.O. Box 800717, Charlottesville, VI, 22908, USA
- Center for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia, P.O. Box 800717, Charlottesville, VI, 22908, USA
| | - Mia M Gaudet
- Epidemiology Research Program, American Cancer Society, 250 Williams Street NW, Atlanta, GA, 30303, USA
| | - Jeroen R Huyghe
- Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, 1100 Fairview Ave. N., Seattle, WA, 98109-1024, USA
| | - Demetrius Albanes
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, 9609 Medical Center Dr, Rockville, MD, 20850, USA
| | - Melinda C Aldrich
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Division of Epidemiology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, 609 Oxford House, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA
| | - Angeline S Andrew
- Department of Neurology, Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, 7927 Rubin Building, Room 860, One Medical Center Drive, Lebanon, NH, 3756, USA
| | - Irene L Andrulis
- Fred ALitwin Center for Cancer Genetics, Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute of Mount Sinai Hospital, 600 University Avenue, Toronto, ON, M5G1X5, Canada
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, 1 King's College Circle, Toronto, ON, M5S1A8, Canada
| | - Hoda Anton-Culver
- Department of Epidemiology, Genetic Epidemiology Research Institute, University of California Irvine, 224 Irvine Hall, Irvine, CA, 92617, USA
| | - Antonis C Antoniou
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, 2 Worts' Causeway, Cambridge, CB1 8RN, UK
| | - Natalia N Antonenkova
- NNAlexandrov Research Institute of Oncology and Medical Radiology, Settlement of Lesnoy-2, 223040, Minsk, Belarus
| | - Susanne M Arnold
- Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky, 800 Rose Street, cc445, Lexington, KY, 40508, USA
| | - Kristan J Aronson
- Department of Public Health Sciences, and Cancer Research Institute, Queen's University, 10 Stuart Street, Kingston, ON, K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - Banu K Arun
- Department of Breast Medical Oncology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1155 Pressler St, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Elisa V Bandera
- Cancer Prevention and Control Program, Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, 195 Little Albany Street, Room 5568, New Brunswick, NJ, 08903, USA
| | - Rosa B Barkardottir
- Department of Pathology, Landspitali University Hospital, Hringbraut, Reykjavik, 101, Iceland
- BMC (Biomedical Centre), Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Vatnsmyrarvegi 16, Reykjavik, 101, Iceland
| | - Daniel R Barnes
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, 2 Worts' Causeway, Cambridge, CB1 8RN, UK
| | - Jyotsna Batra
- Australian Prostate Cancer Research Centre-Qld, Translational Research Institute, 37 Kent St, Woolloongabba, QLD, 4102, Australia
- Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation and School of Biomedical Science, Queensland University of Technology, 60 Musk Ave, Kelvin Grove, QLD, 4059, Australia
| | - Matthias W Beckmann
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Comprehensive Cancer Center Erlangen Nuremberg, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Universitaetsstrasse 21-23, 91054, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Javier Benitez
- Human Cancer Genetics Programme, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), Calle de Melchor Fernández Almagro, 3, 28029, Madrid, Spain
- Biomedical Network on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), AvMonforte de Lemos, 3-5Pabellón 11Planta 0, 28029, Madrid, Spain
| | - Sara Benlloch
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, 2 Worts' Causeway, Cambridge, CB1 8RN, UK
- Division of Genetics and Epidemiology, The Institute of Cancer Research, 15 Cotswold Road, London, SM2 5NG, UK
| | - Andrew Berchuck
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Duke University Medical Center, 25171 Morris Bldg, Durham, NC, 27710, USA
| | - Sonja I Berndt
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, 9609 Medical Center Dr, Rockville, MD, 20850, USA
| | - Heike Bickeböller
- Department of Genetic Epidemiology, University Medical Center Goettingen, Humboldtallee 32, 37073, Goettingen, Germany
| | - Stephanie A Bien
- Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, 1100 Fairview Ave. N., Seattle, WA, 98109-1024, USA
- School of Public Health, University of Washington, 1959 NE Pacific Street, Health Science Buidling, F-350, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
| | - Carl Blomqvist
- Department of Oncology, Helsinki University Hospital, University of Helsinki, Haartmaninkatu 4, 00290, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Oncology, Örebro University Hospital, 70185, Örebro, Sweden
| | - Stefania Boccia
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, 00168, Roma, Italy
- Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168, Roma, Italy
| | - Natalia V Bogdanova
- NNAlexandrov Research Institute of Oncology and Medical Radiology, Settlement of Lesnoy-2, 223040, Minsk, Belarus
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Straße 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany
- Gynaecology Research Unit, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Straße 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - Stig E Bojesen
- Copenhagen General Population Study, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, Copenhagen University Hospital, Herlev Ringvej 75, 2730, Herlev, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, Copenhagen University Hospital, Herlev Ringvej 75, 2730, Herlev, Denmark
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3B, 2200, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Manjeet K Bolla
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, 2 Worts' Causeway, Cambridge, CB1 8RN, UK
| | - Hiltrud Brauch
- DrMargarete Fischer-Bosch-Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Auerbachstr112, 70376, Stuttgart, Germany
- University of Tübingen, Geschwister-Scholl-Platz, 72074, Tübingen, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Hermann Brenner
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
- Division of Clinical Epidemiology and Aging Research, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
- Division of Preventive Oncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) and National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - James D Brenton
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, University of Cambridge, Li Ka Shing Centre, Robinson Way, CB2 0RE, Cambridge, UK
| | - Mark N Brook
- Division of Genetics and Epidemiology, The Institute of Cancer Research, 15 Cotswold Road, London, SM2 5NG, UK
| | - Joan Brunet
- Genetic Counseling Unit, Hereditary Cancer Program, IDIBGI (Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Girona), Catalan Institute of Oncology, CIBERONC, AvFrança s/n, 17007, Girona, Spain
| | - Hans Brunnström
- Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Box 117, 221 00, Lund, Sweden
- Department of Genetics and Pathology, Division of Laboratory Medicine, 221 85, Lund, Sweden
| | - Daniel D Buchanan
- University of Melbourne Centre for Cancer Research, Victorian Comprehensive Cancer Centre, Parkville, VIC, 3010, Australia
- Colorectal Oncogenomics Group, Department of Clinical Pathology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3010, Australia
- Genomic Medicine and Family Cancer Clinic, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Parkville, VIC, 3010, Australia
| | - Barbara Burwinkel
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 440, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
- Molecular Epidemiology Group, C080, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Ralf Butzow
- Department of Pathology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Biomedicum Helsinki 4th Floor, Haartmaninkatu 8, 00029, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Gabriella Cadoni
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, 00168, Roma, Italy
- Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168, Roma, Italy
| | - Trinidad Caldés
- Medical Oncology Department, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria San Carlos (IdISSC), Centro Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Calle del Prof Martín Lagos, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - Maria A Caligo
- Section of Genetic Oncology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, University and University Hospital of Pisa, via Roma 67, 56126, Pisa, Italy
| | - Ian Campbell
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Center, 305 Grattan Street, Melbourne, VIC, 3000, Australia
- Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, The University of Melbourne, 305 Grattan Street, Melbourne, VIC, 3000, Australia
| | - Peter T Campbell
- Epidemiology Research Program, American Cancer Society, 250 Williams Street NW, Atlanta, GA, 30303, USA
| | - Géraldine Cancel-Tassin
- Sorbonne Université, GRC N°5 ONCOTYPE-URO, Tenon Hospital, 75020, Paris, France
- CeRePP, Tenon Hospital, 75020, Paris, France
| | - Lisa Cannon-Albright
- Division of Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT, 84112, USA
- George EWahlen Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Salt Lake City, UT, 84112, USA
| | - Daniele Campa
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
- Department of Biology, University of Pisa, 56126, Pisa, Italy
| | - Neil Caporaso
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, 9609 Medical Center Dr, Rockville, MD, 20850, USA
| | - André L Carvalho
- Molecular Oncology Research Center, Barretos Cancer Hospital, Rua Antenor Duarte Villela, 1331, Barretos, SP, 784-400, Brazil
- Head and Neck Surgery Department, Barretos Cancer Hospital, Pio XII, 1331, Antenor Duarte Villela St, Barretos, SP, 14784-400, Brazil
| | - Andrew T Chan
- Division of Gastroenterology, Massachusetts General Hospital, 55 Fruit Street, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 181 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Jenny Chang-Claude
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
- Cancer Epidemiology Group, University Cancer Center Hamburg (UCCH), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistraße 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Stephen J Chanock
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, 9609 Medical Center Dr, Rockville, MD, 20850, USA
| | - Chu Chen
- Program in Epidemiology, Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, 1100 Fairview Ave N, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA
| | - David C Christiani
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, 677 Huntington Ave, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Kathleen B M Claes
- Centre for Medical Genetics, Ghent University, De Pintelaan 185, 9000, Gent, Belgium
| | - Frank Claessens
- Molecular Endocrinology Laboratory, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven, Leuven, 3000, Belgium
| | - Judith Clements
- Australian Prostate Cancer Research Centre-Qld, Translational Research Institute, 37 Kent St, Woolloongabba, QLD, 4102, Australia
- Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation and School of Biomedical Science, Queensland University of Technology, 60 Musk Ave, Kelvin Grove, QLD, 4059, Australia
| | - J Margriet Collée
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Erasmus University Medical Center, Wytemaweg 80, 3015, Rotterdam, CN, The Netherlands
| | - Marcia Cruz Correa
- University of Puerto Rico Medical Sciences Campus and Comprehensive Cancer Center, San Juan, PR, 00936, USA
| | - Fergus J Couch
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, 200 First StSW, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA
| | - Angela Cox
- Sheffield Institute for Nucleic Acids (SInFoNiA), Department of Oncology and Metabolism, University of Sheffield, Western Bank, Sheffield, S10 2TN, UK
| | - Julie M Cunningham
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, 200 First StSW, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA
| | - Cezary Cybulski
- International Hereditary Cancer Center, Department of Genetics and Pathology, Pomeranian Medical University, ulUnii Lubelskiej 1, 71-252, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Kamila Czene
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska Univ Hospital, 171 76, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Mary B Daly
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Fox Chase Cancer Center, 333 Cottman Ave, Philadelphia, PA, 19111, USA
| | - Anna deFazio
- Centre for Cancer Research, The Westmead Institute for Medical Research, The University of Sydney, 176 Hawkesbury Rd, Sydney, NSW, 2145, Australia
- Department of Gynaecological Oncology, Westmead Hospital, Hawkesbury Rd & Darcy Rd, Sydney, NSW, 2145, Australia
| | - Peter Devilee
- Department of Pathology, Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, 2333 ZA, Leiden, The Netherlands
- Department of Human Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, 2333 ZA, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Orland Diez
- Oncogenetics Group, Clinical and Molecular Genetics Area, Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO), University Hospital, Vall d'Hebron, Passeig de la Vall d'Hebron 119-129, 08035, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Manuela Gago-Dominguez
- Genomic Medicine Group, Galician Foundation of Genomic Medicine, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago, SERGAS, Travesía da Choupana S/N, 15706, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- Moores Cancer Center, University of California, San Diego, 3855 Health Sciences Drive, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - Jenny L Donovan
- School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 1TH, UK
| | - Thilo Dörk
- Gynaecology Research Unit, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Straße 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - Eric J Duell
- Unit of Nutrition and Cancer, Cancer Epidemiology Research Program, Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO-IDIBELL), AvGran Via 199-203, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, 08908, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Alison M Dunning
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, 2 Worts' Causeway, Cambridge, CB1 8RN, UK
| | - Miriam Dwek
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Westminster, 309 Regent Street, London, W1B 2HW, UK
| | - Diana M Eccles
- Cancer Sciences Academic Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Tremona Road, Southampton, SO16 6YD, UK
| | - Christopher K Edlund
- Department of Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA
| | - Digna R Velez Edwards
- Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt Genetics Institute, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, 2525 West End Avenue, Suite 600, Nashville, TN, 37203, USA
| | - Carolina Ellberg
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology, Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Barngatan 4, Skånes universitetssjukhus, 222 42, Lund, Sweden
| | - D Gareth Evans
- Manchester Centre for Genomic Medicine, Division of Evolution and Genomic Sciences, University of Manchester, St Mary's Hospital, Central Manchester University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9WL, UK
| | - Peter A Fasching
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Comprehensive Cancer Center Erlangen Nuremberg, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Universitaetsstrasse 21-23, 91054, Erlangen, Germany
- David Geffen School of Medicine, Department of Medicine Division of Hematology and Oncology, University of California at Los Angeles, 10833 Le Conte Ave, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Robert L Ferris
- Department of Otolaryngology, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Cancer Pavilion, University of Pittsburgh, Suite 500, 5150 Centre Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA, 15232, USA
| | - Triantafillos Liloglou
- Molecular and Clinical Cancer Medicine, Roy Castle Lung Cancer Research Programme, The University of Liverpool Institute of Translational Medicine, The Wiliam Duncan Building, 6 West Derby Street, Liverpool, L69 3BX, UK
| | - Jane C Figueiredo
- Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, 8700 Beverly Boulevard, Los Angeles, CA, 90048, USA
- Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, 1450 Biggy Street, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA
| | - Olivia Fletcher
- The Breast Cancer Now Toby Robins Research Centre, The Institute of Cancer Research, 123 Old Brompton Road, London, SW7 3RP, UK
| | - Renée T Fortner
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Florentia Fostira
- Molecular Diagnostics Laboratory, INRASTES, National Centre for Scientific Research 'Demokritos', Neapoleos 10, AgParaskevi, Athens, 15310, Greece
| | - Silvia Franceschi
- Section of Infections, International Agency for Research on Cancer, 150 cours Albert Thomas, 69008, Lyon, France
| | - Eitan Friedman
- The Susanne Levy Gertner Oncogenetics Unit, Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Emek HaEla St 1, 52621, Ramat Gan, Israel
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Haim Levanon 30, 69978, Ramat Aviv, Israel
| | - Steven J Gallinger
- Department of Surgery, Mount Sinai Hospital, 600 University Avenue, Toronto, ON, M5G 1X5, Canada
- Samuel Lunenfeld Research Institute, 600 University Avenue, Toronto, ON, M5G 1X5, Canada
- University Health Network Toronto General Hospital, 200 Elizabeth St, Toronto, ON, M5G 2C4, Canada
| | - Patricia A Ganz
- Schools of Medicine and Public Health, Division of Cancer Prevention & Control Research, Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Centre, UCLA, 650 Charles Young Drive South, Los Angeles, CA, 90095-6900, USA
| | - Judy Garber
- Cancer Risk and Prevention Clinic, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, 450 Brookline Avenue, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - José A García-Sáenz
- Medical Oncology Department, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria San Carlos (IdISSC), Centro Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Calle del Prof Martín Lagos, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - Simon A Gayther
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, 1975 Zonal Ave, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA
- Center for Cancer Prevention and Translational Genomics, Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Spielberg Building, 8725 Alden Dr, Los Angeles, CA, 90048, USA
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Spielberg Building, 8725 Alden Dr, Los Angeles, CA, 90048, USA
| | - Graham G Giles
- Cancer Epidemiology & Intelligence Division, Cancer Council Victoria, 615 St Kilda Road, Melbourne, VIC, 3004, Australia
- Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Level 1, 723 Swanston Street, Melbourne, VIC, 3010, Australia
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Andrew K Godwin
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, 3901 Rainbow Blvd, Kansas City, KS, 66160, USA
| | - Mark S Goldberg
- Department of Medicine, McGill University, 1001 Decarie Boulevard, Montréal, QC, H4A3J1, Canada
- Division of Clinical Epidemiology, Royal Victoria Hospital, McGill University, 1001 Decarie Boulevard, Montréal, QC, H4A3J1, Canada
| | - David E Goldgar
- Department of Dermatology, Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah School of Medicine, 2000 Circle of Hope, Salt Lake City, UT, 84112, USA
| | - Ellen L Goode
- Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, 200 First StSW, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA
| | - Marc T Goodman
- Cancer Prevention and Control, Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, 8700 Beverly Blvd, Room 1S37, Los Angeles, CA, 90048, USA
- Community and Population Health Research Institute, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, 8700 Beverly Blvd, Room 1S37, Los Angeles, CA, 90048, USA
| | - Gary Goodman
- Public Health Sciences Division, Swedish Cancer Institute, 1221 Madison StSte 300, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA
| | - Kjell Grankvist
- Unit of Clinical Chemistry, Department of Medical Biosciences, Umeå University, By 6M van 2, Sjukhusomradet, Umea universitet, 901 85, Umea, Sweden
| | - Mark H Greene
- Clinical Genetics Branch, National Cancer Institute, DCEG, 9609 Medical Center Dr, Bethesda, MD, 20850-9772, USA
| | - Henrik Gronberg
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska Univ Hospital, 171 76, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jacek Gronwald
- International Hereditary Cancer Center, Department of Genetics and Pathology, Pomeranian Medical University, ulUnii Lubelskiej 1, 71-252, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Pascal Guénel
- Cancer & Environment Group, Center for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health (CESP), INSERM, University Paris-Sud, University Paris-Saclay, 94805, Villejuif, France
| | - Niclas Håkansson
- Department of Environmental Medicine, Division of Nutritional Epidemiology, Karolinska Institutet, Nobels väg 13, SE-171 77, SE-171, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Per Hall
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska Univ Hospital, 171 76, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Oncology, Södersjukhuset, Sjukhusbacken 10, 118 83, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ute Hamann
- Molecular Genetics of Breast Cancer, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 580, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Freddie C Hamdy
- Nuffield Department of Surgical Sciences, Faculty of Medical Science, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 2JD, UK
| | - Robert J Hamilton
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, 610 University Avenue, Toronto, Ontario, M5G2M9, Canada
| | - Jochen Hampe
- Department of Internal Medicine 1, University Hospital Dresden, Technische Universität Dresden (TU Dresden), 01307, Dresden, Germany
| | - Aage Haugen
- National Institute of Occupational Health (STAMI), Gydas vei 8, 0033, Oslo, Norway
| | - Florian Heitz
- Department of Gynecology and Gynecologic Oncology, DrHorst Schmidt Kliniken Wiesbaden, Ludwig-Erhard-Straße 100, 65199, Wiesbaden, Germany
- Department of Gynecology and Gynecologic Oncology, Kliniken Essen-Mitte/EvangHuyssens-Stiftung/Knappschaft GmbH, Henricistrasse 92, 45136, Essen, Germany
| | - Rolando Herrero
- Early Detection and Prevention Section, International Agency for Research on Cancer, 150 cours Albert Thomas, 69008, Lyon, France
| | - Peter Hillemanns
- Gynaecology Research Unit, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Straße 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - Michael Hoffmeister
- Division of Clinical Epidemiology and Aging Research, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Estrid Høgdall
- Department of Virus, Lifestyle and Genes, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Strandboulevarden 49, DK-2100, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Molecular Unit, Department of Pathology, Herlev Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Herlev Ringvej 75, DK-2730, Herlev, Denmark
| | - Yun-Chul Hong
- Preventive Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 151 742, Korea
| | - John L Hopper
- Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Level 1, 723 Swanston Street, Melbourne, VIC, 3010, Australia
| | - Richard Houlston
- German Research Center for Environmental Health, Institute for Cancer Research, Ingolstadter Landstr1, London, SM2 5NG, UK
| | - Peter J Hulick
- Center for Medical Genetics, NorthShore University HealthSystem, 1000 Central St, Evanston, IL, 60201, USA
- The University of Chicago Pritzker School of Medicine, 924 E 57th St, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA
| | - David J Hunter
- Program in Genetic Epidemiology and Statistical Genetics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, 677 Huntington Ave, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - David G Huntsman
- British Columbia's Ovarian Cancer Research (OVCARE) Program, Vancouver General Hospital, BC Cancer Agency and University of British Columbia, #3427-600 West 10th Avenue, Vancouver, BC, V5Z 4E6, Canada
- Department of Molecular Oncology, BC Cancer Agency Research Centre, #3427-600 West 10th Avenue, Vancouver, BC, V5Z 4E6, Canada
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, #3427-600 West 10th Avenue, Vancouver, BC, V5Z 4E6, Canada
| | - Gregory Idos
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles, CA, 48109, USA
| | - Evgeny N Imyanitov
- NNPetrov Institute of Oncology, Leningradskaya ul, 68, StPetersburg, Russia, 197758
| | - Sue Ann Ingles
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles, CA, 48109, USA
| | - Claudine Isaacs
- Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University, 3800 Reservoir Road, Washington, DC, 20007, USA
| | - Anna Jakubowska
- International Hereditary Cancer Center, Department of Genetics and Pathology, Pomeranian Medical University, ulUnii Lubelskiej 1, 71-252, Szczecin, Poland
- Independent Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Genetic Diagnostics, Pomeranian Medical University, Rybacka 1, 70-204, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Paul James
- Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, The University of Melbourne, 305 Grattan Street, Melbourne, VIC, 3000, Australia
- Parkville Familial Cancer Centre, Peter MacCallum Cancer Center, 305 Grattan Street, Melbourne, VIC, 3000, Australia
| | - Mark A Jenkins
- University of Melbourne Centre for Cancer Research, Victorian Comprehensive Cancer Centre, Parkville, VIC, 3010, Australia
- Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Level 1, 723 Swanston Street, Melbourne, VIC, 3010, Australia
| | - Mattias Johansson
- Section of Genetics, International Agency for Research on Cancer, 150 cours Albert Thomas, 69008, Lyon, France
| | - Mikael Johansson
- Department of Radiation Sciences, Umeå University, By 6M van 2, Sjukhusomradet, Umea universitet, 901 85, Umea, Sweden
| | - Esther M John
- Department of Medicine, Division of Oncology and Stanford Cancer Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, 780 Welch Rd, Stanford, CA, 94304, USA
| | - Amit D Joshi
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, 677 Huntington Ave, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- Clinical and Translational Epidemiology Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, 02114, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Radka Kaneva
- Molecular Medicine Center, Department of Medical Chemistry and Biochemistry, Medical Faculty, Medical University of Sofia, Sofia, 1504, Bulgaria
| | - Beth Y Karlan
- Women's Cancer Program at the Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, 8700 Beverly Boulevard, Los Angeles, CA, 90048, USA
| | - Linda E Kelemen
- Hollings Cancer Center and Department of Public Health Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, 68 President Street Bioengineering Building, MSC955, Charleston, SC, 29425, USA
| | - Tabea Kühl
- Cancer Epidemiology, University Cancer Center Hamburg (UCCH), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistraße 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Kay-Tee Khaw
- Clinical Gerontology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, 2 Worts' Causeway, Cambridge, CB1 8RN, UK
| | - Elza Khusnutdinova
- Department of Genetics and Fundamental Medicine, Bashkir State University, ulZaki Validi 32, Ufa, Russia, 450076
- Institute of Biochemistry and Genetics, Ufa Scientific Center of Russian Academy of Sciences, 71 prosp Oktyabrya, Ufa, Russia, 450054
| | - Adam S Kibel
- Division of Urologic Surgery, Brigham and Womens Hospital, Boston, Massachusettes, 02115, USA
| | - Lambertus A Kiemeney
- Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Geert Grooteplein 21, 6525 EZ, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Jeri Kim
- Department of Genitourinary Medical Oncology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1155 Pressler St, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Susanne K Kjaer
- Department of Virus, Lifestyle and Genes, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Strandboulevarden 49, DK-2100, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Gynaecology, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 9, DK-2100, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Julia A Knight
- Prosserman Centre for Population Health Research, Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Sinai Health System, 60 Murray Street, Toronto, Ontario, M5T 3L9, Canada
- Division of Epidemiology, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, 155 College Street, Toronto, ON, M5T3M7, Canada
| | - Manolis Kogevinas
- Biomedical Network on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), AvMonforte de Lemos, 3-5Pabellón 11Planta 0, 28029, Madrid, Spain
- Centre for Research in Environmental Epidemiology (CREAL), ISGlobal, 08036, Barcelona, Spain
- IMIM (Hospital del Mar Research Institute), Barcelona, 08003, Spain
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, 08002, Spain
| | - Zsofia Kote-Jarai
- Division of Genetics and Epidemiology, The Institute of Cancer Research, 15 Cotswold Road, London, SM2 5NG, UK
| | - Stella Koutros
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Department of Health and Human Services, National Institutes of Health, 9609 Medical Center Dr, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Vessela N Kristensen
- Department of Cancer Genetics, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital Radiumhospitalet, Ullernchausseen 70, 0379, Oslo, Norway
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Kirkeveien 166, 0450, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Clinical Molecular Biology, Oslo University Hospital, University of Oslo, Kirkeveien 166, 0450, Oslo, Norway
| | - Jolanta Kupryjanczyk
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Diagnostics, the Maria Sklodowska-Curie Institute - Oncology Center, Roentgena 5, 02-781, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Martin Lacko
- Head and Neck Surgery, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Maastricht University Medical Center, PDebyelaan 25, POBox 5800, 6202 AZ, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Stephan Lam
- Department of Integrative Oncology, British Columbia Cancer Agency, Room 10-111 675 West 10th Avenue, Vancouver, BC, V5Z1L3, Canada
| | - Diether Lambrechts
- VIB Center for Cancer Biology, VIB, Herestraat 49, 3001, Leuven, Belgium
- Laboratory for Translational Genetics, Department of Human Genetics, University of Leuven, Oude Markt 13, 3000, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Maria Teresa Landi
- Integrative Tumor Epidemiology Branch, DCEG, National Cancer Institute, 9609 Medical Center Drive, Room SG/7E106, Rockville, MD, 20850, USA
| | - Philip Lazarus
- College of Pharmacy, Washington State University, PBS 431 PO Box 1495, Spokane, WA, 99210-1495, USA
| | - Nhu D Le
- Cancer Control Research, BC Cancer Agency, 675 West 10th Avenue, Vancouver, BC, V5Z 1L3, Canada
| | - Eunjung Lee
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, 1975 Zonal Ave, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA
| | - Flavio Lejbkowicz
- Clalit Health Services, Clalit National Israeli Cancer Control Center, Carmel Medical Center, 2 Horev Street, 3436212, Haifa, Israel
| | - Heinz-Josef Lenz
- Department of Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA
| | - Goska Leslie
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, 2 Worts' Causeway, Cambridge, CB1 8RN, UK
| | - Davor Lessel
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistraße 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Jenny Lester
- Women's Cancer Program at the Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, 8700 Beverly Boulevard, Los Angeles, CA, 90048, USA
| | - Douglas A Levine
- Gynecology Service, Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY, 10065, USA
- Gynecologic Oncology, Laura and Isaac Pearlmutter Cancer Center, NYU Langone Medical Center, 240 East 38th Street 19th Floor, New York, NY, 10016, USA
| | - Li Li
- Department of Family Medicine and Community Health, Mary Ann Swetland Center for Environmental Health, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA
- Servicio Galego de Saude (SERGAS), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), 15706, Santiago De Compostela, Spain
| | - Christopher I Li
- Translational Research Program, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA
| | - Annika Lindblom
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska Univ Hospital, 171 76, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Noralane M Lindor
- Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic Arizona, 13400 EShea Blvd, Scottsdale, AZ, 85259, USA
| | - Geoffrey Liu
- Epidemiology Division, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, 610 University Avenue, Toronto, ON, M5G2M9, Canada
| | - Fotios Loupakis
- Unit of Oncology 1, Department of Clinical and Experimental Oncology, Istituto Oncologico Veneto IRCCS, 35122, Padua, Italy
| | - Jan Lubiński
- International Hereditary Cancer Center, Department of Genetics and Pathology, Pomeranian Medical University, ulUnii Lubelskiej 1, 71-252, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Lovise Maehle
- Department of Medical Genetics, Oslo University Hospital, Kirkeveien 166, 0450, Oslo, Norway
| | - Christiane Maier
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Hospital Ulm, Prittwitzstrasse 43, 89075, Ulm, Germany
| | - Arto Mannermaa
- Translational Cancer Research Area, University of Eastern Finland, Yliopistonranta 1, 70210, Kuopio, Finland
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Pathology and Forensic Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Yliopistonranta 1, 70210, Finland
- Imaging Center, Department of Clinical Pathology, Kuopio University Hospital, Puijonlaaksontie 2, 70210, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Loic Le Marchand
- Epidemiology Program, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, 701 Ilalo St, Honolulu, HI, 96813, USA
| | - Sara Margolin
- Department of Clinical Science and Education, Södersjukhuset, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, 17177, Sweden
| | - Taymaa May
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, University Health Network, Princess Margaret Hospital, 610 University Avenue, OPG Wing, 6-811, Toronto, ON, M5G 2M9, Canada
| | - Lesley McGuffog
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, 2 Worts' Causeway, Cambridge, CB1 8RN, UK
| | - Alfons Meindl
- Division of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, , Technische Universität München, Arcisstraße 21, 80333, Munich, Germany
| | - Pooja Middha
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Heidelberg, In Neuenheimer Feld 672, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Austin Miller
- NRG Oncology, Statistics and Data Management Center, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Elm & Carlton Streets, Buffalo, NY, 14263, USA
| | - Roger L Milne
- Cancer Epidemiology & Intelligence Division, Cancer Council Victoria, 615 St Kilda Road, Melbourne, VIC, 3004, Australia
- Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Level 1, 723 Swanston Street, Melbourne, VIC, 3010, Australia
| | - Robert J MacInnis
- Cancer Epidemiology & Intelligence Division, Cancer Council Victoria, 615 St Kilda Road, Melbourne, VIC, 3004, Australia
- Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Level 1, 723 Swanston Street, Melbourne, VIC, 3010, Australia
| | - Francesmary Modugno
- Womens Cancer Research Center, Magee-Womens Research Institute and Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, 300 Halket Street, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
| | - Marco Montagna
- Immunology and Molecular Oncology Unit, Veneto Institute of Oncology IOV - IRCCS, Via Gattamelata 64, Padua, 35128, Italy
| | - Victor Moreno
- Catalan Institute of Oncology, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP) and University of Barcelona, Barcelona, 08908, Spain
| | - Kirsten B Moysich
- Division of Cancer Prevention and Control, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Elm & Carlton Streets, Buffalo, NY, 14263, USA
| | - Lorelei Mucci
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, 677 Huntington Ave, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Kenneth Muir
- Division of Population Health, Health Services Research and Primary Care, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK
- Division of Health Sciences, Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL, UK
| | - Anna Marie Mulligan
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, 1 King's College Circle, Toronto, ON, M5S1A8, Canada
- Laboratory Medicine Program, University Health Network, 200 Elizabeth Street, Toronto, ON, M5G2C4, Canada
| | - Katherine L Nathanson
- Department of Medicine, Abramson Cancer Center, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, 3400 Civic Center Boulevard, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - David E Neal
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, University of Cambridge, Li Ka Shing Centre, Robinson Way, CB2 0RE, Cambridge, UK
- Nuffield Department of Surgical Sciences, Faculty of Medical Science, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 2JD, UK
- Department of Oncology, Addenbrooke's Hospital, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB1 8RN, UK
| | - Andrew R Ness
- NIHR Bristol Biomedical Research Centre Nutrition Theme, University of Bristol, Upper Maudlin Street, Bristol, BS2 8AE, UK
| | - Susan L Neuhausen
- Department of Population Sciences, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, 1500 E Duarte, Duarte, CA, 91010, USA
| | - Heli Nevanlinna
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Helsinki University Hospital, University of Helsinki, Haartmaninkatu 8, 00290, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Polly A Newcomb
- Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, 1100 Fairview Ave. N., Seattle, WA, 98109-1024, USA
- School of Public Health, University of Washington, 1959 NE Pacific Street, Health Science Buidling, F-350, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
| | - Lisa F Newcomb
- Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, 1100 Fairview Ave. N., Seattle, WA, 98109-1024, USA
- Department of Urology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, 98195, USA
| | - Finn Cilius Nielsen
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Blegdamsvej 9, DK-2100, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Liene Nikitina-Zake
- Latvian Biomedical Research and Study Centre, Ratsupites str 1, Riga, LV-1067, Latvia
| | - Børge G Nordestgaard
- Copenhagen General Population Study, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, Copenhagen University Hospital, Herlev Ringvej 75, 2730, Herlev, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, Copenhagen University Hospital, Herlev Ringvej 75, 2730, Herlev, Denmark
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3B, 2200, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Robert L Nussbaum
- Cancer Genetics and Prevention Program, University of California San Francisco, 1600 Divisadero St, San Francisco, CA, 94143-1714, USA
| | - Kenneth Offit
- Clinical Genetics Research Lab, Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY, 10065, USA
- Clinical Genetics Service, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Edith Olah
- Department of Molecular Genetics, National Institute of Oncology, Ráth György u7-9, 1122, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Ali Amin Al Olama
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, 2 Worts' Causeway, Cambridge, CB1 8RN, UK
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Olufunmilayo I Olopade
- Center for Clinical Cancer Genetics, The University of Chicago, 5841S Maryland Ave, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA
| | - Andrew F Olshan
- Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, 135 Dauer Dr, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599-7435, USA
- UNC Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, 450 West Dr, Chapell Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Håkan Olsson
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology, Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Barngatan 4, Skånes universitetssjukhus, 222 42, Lund, Sweden
| | - Ana Osorio
- Human Cancer Genetics Programme, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), Calle de Melchor Fernández Almagro, 3, 28029, Madrid, Spain
- Biomedical Network on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), AvMonforte de Lemos, 3-5Pabellón 11Planta 0, 28029, Madrid, Spain
| | - Hardev Pandha
- The University of Surrey, Guildford, Surrey, GU2 7XH, UK
| | - Jong Y Park
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology, HLee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, 12902 Magnolia Drive, Tampa, FL, 33612, USA
| | - Nora Pashayan
- Department of Applied Health Research, University College London, 1-19 Torrington Place, London, WC1E 6BT, UK
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Oncology, Strangeways Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB1 8RN, UK
| | - Michael T Parsons
- Department of Genetics and Computational Biology, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, 300 Herston Road, Brisbane, QLD, 4006, Australia
| | - Tanja Pejovic
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Oregon Health & Science University, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Road, L-466, Portland, OR, 97239, USA
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Road, L-466, Portland, OR, 97239, USA
| | - Kathryn L Penney
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 181 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Wilbert H M Peters
- Department of Gastroenterology, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Center, Geert Grooteplein Zuid 10, Internal BOBox 433, 6525 GA, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Catherine M Phelan
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology, HLee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, 12902 Magnolia Drive, Tampa, FL, 33612, USA
| | - Amanda I Phipps
- Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, 1100 Fairview Ave. N., Seattle, WA, 98109-1024, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington School of Public Health, 1959 NE Pacific St, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
| | - Dijana Plaseska-Karanfilska
- Research Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology 'Georgi DEfremov', Macedonian Academy of Sciences and Arts, Boulevard Krste Petkov Misirkov, 1000, Skopje, Republic of Macedonia
| | - Miranda Pring
- Bristol Dental School, University of Bristol, Lower Maudlin Street, Bristol, BS1 2LY, UK
| | - Darya Prokofyeva
- Department of Genetics and Fundamental Medicine, Bashkir State University, ulZaki Validi 32, Ufa, Russia, 450076
| | - Paolo Radice
- Unit of Molecular Bases of Genetic Risk and Genetic Testing, Department of Research, Fondazione IRCCS (Istituto Di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico) Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori (INT), Via Giacomo Venezian 1, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Kari Stefansson
- Decode genetics, Sturlugata 8, IS-101 Reykjavik, Reykjavik, Iceland, Iceland
| | - Susan J Ramus
- School of Women's and Children's Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of NSW Sydney, 18 High St, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
- The Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, 384 Victoria Street, Sydney, NSW, 2010, Australia
| | - Leon Raskin
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, 1161 21st Ave S # D3300, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA
| | - Gad Rennert
- Clalit National Cancer Control Center, Carmel Medical Center and Technion Faculty of Medicine, 7 Michal Street, 34362, Haifa, Israel
| | - Hedy S Rennert
- Clalit National Cancer Control Center, Carmel Medical Center and Technion Faculty of Medicine, 7 Michal Street, 34362, Haifa, Israel
| | | | - Marjorie J Riggan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Duke University Medical Center, 25171 Morris Bldg, Durham, NC, 27710, USA
| | - Harvey A Risch
- Department of Chronic Disease Epidemiology, Yale School of Public Health, 60 College St, New Haven, CT, 06510, USA
| | - Angela Risch
- Cancer Center Cluster Salzburg at PLUS, Department of Molecular Biology, University of Salzburg, Billrothstr11, 5020, Salzburg, Austria
- Division of Epigenomics and Cancer Risk Factors, DKFZ - German Cancer Research Center, Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
- Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Translational Lung Research Center Heidelberg (TLRC-H), 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Monique J Roobol
- Department of Urology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Wytemaweg 80, 3015 CN, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Barry S Rosenstein
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1425 Madison Avenue, New York, NY, 10029, USA
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1425 Madison Avenue, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Mary Anne Rossing
- Program in Epidemiology, Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, 1100 Fairview Ave N, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, M4 C308, 1100 Fairview Ave N, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA
| | - Kim De Ruyck
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Basic Medical Sciences, Ghent University, De Pintelaan 185, 9000, Gent, Belgium
| | - Emmanouil Saloustros
- Hereditary Cancer Clinic, University Hospital of Heraklion, Voutes, 711 10, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Dale P Sandler
- Epidemiology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, NIH, 111TWAlexander Drive, Research Triangle Park, NC, 27709, USA
| | - Elinor J Sawyer
- Research Oncology, Guy's Hospital, King's College London, Guy's Hospital Great Maze Pond, London, SE1 9RT, UK
| | - Matthew B Schabath
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology, HLee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, 12902 Magnolia Drive, Tampa, FL, 33612, USA
| | - Johanna Schleutker
- Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, 20014, Turku, Finland
- Division of Laboratory, Department of Medical Genetics, Turku University Hospital, 20014, Turku, Finland
- Prostate Cancer Research Center, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences and BioMediTech Institute, University of Tampere, 33014, Tampere, Finland
| | - Marjanka K Schmidt
- Division of Molecular Pathology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute - Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Hospital, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066 CX, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Division of Psychosocial Research and Epidemiology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute - Antoni van Leeuwenhoek hospital, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066 CX, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - V Wendy Setiawan
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, 1450 Biggy Street, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA
| | - Hongbing Shen
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Jiangsu Key Lab of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, 101 Longmian Ave, Jiangning District, 211166, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Erin M Siegel
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, 12902 Magnolia Dr. MRC-CANCONT, Tampa, FL, 33612, USA
| | - Weiva Sieh
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Department of Population Health Science and Policy, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1425 Madison Avenue, 2nd floor, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Christian F Singer
- Dept of OB/GYN and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Martha L Slattery
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Utah Health Sciences Center, 295 Chipeta Way, Salt Lake City, UT, 84132, USA
| | - Karina Dalsgaard Sorensen
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, DK-8200, Aarhus, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, DK-8200, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Melissa C Southey
- Precision Medicine, School of Clinical Sciences at Monash Health, Monash University, 246 Clayton Road, Clayton, VIC, 3168, Australia
- Department of Clinical Pathology, The University of Melbourne, Cnr Grattan Street and Royal Parade, Melbourne, VIC, 3010, Australia
| | - Amanda B Spurdle
- Department of Genetics and Computational Biology, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, 300 Herston Road, Brisbane, QLD, 4006, Australia
| | - Janet L Stanford
- Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, 1100 Fairview Ave. N., Seattle, WA, 98109-1024, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington School of Public Health, 1959 NE Pacific St, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
| | - Victoria L Stevens
- Epidemiology Research Program, American Cancer Society, 250 Williams Street NW, Atlanta, GA, 30303, USA
| | - Sebastian Stintzing
- Department of Medicine III, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Marchioninistr15, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - Jennifer Stone
- Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Level 1, 723 Swanston Street, Melbourne, VIC, 3010, Australia
- The Curtin UWA Centre for Genetic Origins of Health and Disease, Curtin University and University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Hwy, Perth, WA, 6000, Australia
| | - Karin Sundfeldt
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, Inst Clinical Scienses, University of Gothenburg, Blå stråket 6, 41345, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Rebecca Sutphen
- Epidemiology Center, College of Medicine, University of South Florida, 3650 Spectrum Blvd, Suite 100, Tampa, FL, 33612, USA
| | - Anthony J Swerdlow
- Division of Genetics and Epidemiology, The Institute of Cancer Research, 15 Cotswold Road, London, SM2 5NG, UK
- Division of Breast Cancer Research, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, SW7 3RP, UK
| | - Eloiza H Tajara
- Department of Molecular Biology, School of Medicine of São José do Rio Preto, Av Brig Faria Lima 5416 Vila São Pedro, São José do Rio Preto, SP, 15090-000, Brazil
- Department of Genetics and Evolutive Biology, Institute of Biosciences, University of São Paulo, Rua do Matão, 321, São Paulo, SP, 05508-090, Brazil
| | - Catherine M Tangen
- SWOG Statistical Center, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington, 98109, USA
| | - Adonina Tardon
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Oviedo and CIBERESP, Campus del Cristo s/n, 33006, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Jack A Taylor
- Epidemiology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, NIH, 111TWAlexander Drive, Research Triangle Park, NC, 27709, USA
- Epigenetic and Stem Cell Biology Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, NIH, 111TWAlexander Drive, Research Triangle Park, NC, 27709, USA
| | - M Dawn Teare
- Medical Statistics Group, School of Health and Related Research (ScHARR), University of Sheffield, Regent Court, 30 Regent Street, Sheffield, S1 4DA, UK
| | - Manuel R Teixeira
- Department of Genetics, Portuguese Oncology Institute, Rua DrAntónio Bernardino de Almeida 62, 4220-072, Porto, Portugal
- Biomedical Sciences Institute (ICBAS), University of Porto, RJorge de Viterbo Ferreira 228, 4050-013, Porto, Portugal
| | - Mary Beth Terry
- Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, 722 West 168th Street, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Kathryn L Terry
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Epidemiology Center, Brigham and Women's Hospital, 221 Longwood Avenue RFB 368, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- Harvard THChan School of Public Health, 221 Longwood Avenue RFB 368, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Stephen N Thibodeau
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, 200 First StSW, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA
| | - Mads Thomassen
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Odense University Hospital, Sonder Boulevard 29, 5000, Odence C, Denmark
| | - Line Bjørge
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Haukeland University Hospital, 5021, Bergen, Norway
- Centre for Cancer Biomarkers CCBIO, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, 5021, Bergen, Norway
| | - Marc Tischkowitz
- Program in Cancer Genetics, Departments of Human Genetics and Oncology, McGill University, 1001 Decarie Boulevard, Montréal, QC, H4A3J1, Canada
- Department of Medical Genetics, Cambridge University, Hills Road, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Amanda E Toland
- Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, The Ohio State University, 460W12th Avenue, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Diana Torres
- Molecular Genetics of Breast Cancer, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 580, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
- Institute of Human Genetics, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Carrera 7 No40-90, Bogota, Colombia
| | - Paul A Townsend
- Division of Cancer Sciences, Manchester Cancer Research Centre, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, NIHR Manchester Biomedical Research Centre, Health Innovation Manchester, University of Manchester, Manchester, M20 4GJ, UK
| | - Ruth C Travis
- Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7LF, UK
| | - Nadine Tung
- Department of Medical Oncology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, 330 Brookline Avenue, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Shelley S Tworoger
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, 677 Huntington Ave, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology, HLee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, 12902 Magnolia Drive, Tampa, FL, 33612, USA
| | - Cornelia M Ulrich
- Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, 1100 Fairview Ave. N., Seattle, WA, 98109-1024, USA
- Huntsman Cancer Institute and Department of Population Health Sciences, University of Utah, 2000 Circle of Hope, Rm 4125, Salt Lake City, UT, 84112, USA
| | - Nawaid Usmani
- Department of Oncology, Cross Cancer Institute, University of Alberta, 116 St & 85 Ave, Edmonton, AB T6G 2R3, Canada
- Division of Radiation Oncology, Cross Cancer Institute, University of Alberta, 116 St & 85 Ave, Edmonton, AB T6G 2R3, Canada
| | - Celine M Vachon
- Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, 200 First StSW, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA
| | - Els Van Nieuwenhuysen
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology and Leuven Cancer Institute, University Hospitals Leuven, Herestraat 49, 3000, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Ana Vega
- Biomedical Network on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), AvMonforte de Lemos, 3-5Pabellón 11Planta 0, 28029, Madrid, Spain
- Fundación Pública Galega Medicina Xenómica & Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago de Compostela, calle Choupana s/n, 15706, Santiago De Compostela, Spain
| | - Miguel Elías Aguado-Barrera
- Fundación Pública Galega Medicina Xenómica & Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago de Compostela, calle Choupana s/n, 15706, Santiago De Compostela, Spain
| | - Qin Wang
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, 2 Worts' Causeway, Cambridge, CB1 8RN, UK
| | - Penelope M Webb
- Population Health Department, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, 300 Herston Road, Brisbane, QLD, 4006, Australia
| | - Clarice R Weinberg
- Biostatistics and Computational Biology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, NIH, 111TWAlexander Drive, Research Triangle Park, NC, 27709, USA
| | - Stephanie Weinstein
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, 9609 Medical Center Dr, Rockville, MD, 20850, USA
| | - Mark C Weissler
- Department of Otolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, 27514, NC, USA
| | - Jeffrey N Weitzel
- City of Hope Clinical Cancer Genomics Community Research Network, 1500 East Duarte Road, Duarte, CA, 91010, USA
| | - Catharine M L West
- Division of Cancer Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester Cancer Research Centre, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre,, The Christie Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK
| | - Emily White
- Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, 1100 Fairview Ave N, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, 1100 Fairview Ave N, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA
| | - Alice S Whittemore
- Department of Health Research and Policy - Epidemiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, 259 Campus Drive, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
- Department of Biomedical Data Science, Stanford University School of Medicine, 259 Campus Drive, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - H-Erich Wichmann
- Institute of Medical Informatics, Biometry and Epidemiology, Chair of Epidemiology, Ludwig Maximilians University, Neuherberg D-85764, Munich, 803539, Bavaria, Germany
- Helmholtz Zentrum Munchen, German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH), Institute of Epidemiology, Ingolstadter Landstr1, 85764, Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute of Medical Statistics and Epidemiology, Technical University Munich, Munich, 80333, Germany
| | - Fredrik Wiklund
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska Univ Hospital, 171 76, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Robert Winqvist
- Laboratory of Cancer Genetics and Tumor Biology, Cancer and Translational Medicine Research Unit, Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, Aapistie 5A, 90220, Oulu, Finland
- Laboratory of Cancer Genetics and Tumor Biology, Northern Finland Laboratory Centre Oulu, Aapistie 5A, 90220, Oulu, Finland
| | - Alicja Wolk
- Department of Environmental Medicine, Division of Nutritional Epidemiology, Karolinska Institutet, Nobels väg 13, SE-171 77, SE-171, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Uppsala University, 751 85, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Penella Woll
- Academic Unit of Clinical Oncology, University of Sheffield, Weston Park Hospital, Whitham Road, Sheffield, S10 2SJ, UK
| | - Michael Woods
- Discipline of Genetics, Memorial University of Newfoundland, StJohn's, NL, A1C 5S7, Canada
| | - Anna H Wu
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, 1975 Zonal Ave, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA
| | - Xifeng Wu
- Department of Epidemiology, Division of Cancer Prevention and Population Science, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Blvd, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Drakoulis Yannoukakos
- Molecular Diagnostics Laboratory, INRASTES, National Centre for Scientific Research 'Demokritos', Neapoleos 10, AgParaskevi, Athens, 15310, Greece
| | - Wei Zheng
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, 1161 21st Ave S # D3300, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA
| | - Shanbeh Zienolddiny
- National Institute of Occupational Health (STAMI), Gydas vei 8, 0033, Oslo, Norway
| | - Argyrios Ziogas
- Department of Epidemiology, Genetic Epidemiology Research Institute, University of California Irvine, 224 Irvine Hall, Irvine, CA, 92617, USA
| | - Kristin K Zorn
- Magee-Womens Hospital, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, 300 Halket St, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
| | - Jacqueline M Lane
- Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, 75 Ames St, Cambridge, MA, 02142, USA
- Center for Genomic Medicine and Department of Anasthesia, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Richa Saxena
- Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, 75 Ames St, Cambridge, MA, 02142, USA
- Center for Genomic Medicine and Department of Anasthesia, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Duncan Thomas
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, 1975 Zonal Ave, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA
| | - Rayjean J Hung
- Prosserman Centre for Population Health Research, Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Sinai Health System, 60 Murray Street, Toronto, Ontario, M5T 3L9, Canada
- Division of Epidemiology, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, 155 College Street, Toronto, ON, M5T3M7, Canada
| | - Brenda Diergaarde
- Human Genetics, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, UPMC Cancer Pavilion, Suite 4C, Office # 467, 5150 Centre Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA, 15232, USA
- UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, 15232, PA, USA
| | - James McKay
- Genetic Cancer Susceptibility Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer, 150 cours Albert Thomas, 69008, Lyon, France
| | - Ulrike Peters
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington School of Public Health, 1959 NE Pacific St, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
| | - Li Hsu
- Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, 1100 Fairview Ave. N., Seattle, WA, 98109-1024, USA
| | - Montserrat García-Closas
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, 9609 Medical Center Dr, Rockville, MD, 20850, USA
| | - Rosalind A Eeles
- Division of Genetics and Epidemiology, The Institute of Cancer Research, 15 Cotswold Road, London, SM2 5NG, UK
- Oncogenetics Team, The Institute of Cancer Research and Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, Downs Road, Sutton, SM2 5NG, UK
| | - Georgia Chenevix-Trench
- Department of Genetics and Computational Biology, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, 300 Herston Road, Brisbane, QLD, 4006, Australia
| | - Paul J Brennan
- Section of Genetics, International Agency for Research on Cancer, 150 cours Albert Thomas, 69008, Lyon, France
| | - Christopher A Haiman
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles, CA, 48109, USA
| | - Jacques Simard
- Genomics Center, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec - Université Laval Research Center, 2705 Laurier Boulevard, Québec City, QC, G1V4G2, Canada
| | - Douglas F Easton
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, 2 Worts' Causeway, Cambridge, CB1 8RN, UK
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, 2 Worts' Causeway, Cambridge, CB1 8RN, UK
| | - Stephen B Gruber
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, 1975 Zonal Ave, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA
| | - Paul D P Pharoah
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, 2 Worts' Causeway, Cambridge, CB1 8RN, UK
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, 2 Worts' Causeway, Cambridge, CB1 8RN, UK
| | - Alkes L Price
- Program in Genetic Epidemiology and Statistical Genetics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, 677 Huntington Ave, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, 677 Huntington Ave, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, 75 Ames St, Cambridge, MA, 02142, USA
| | - Bogdan Pasaniuc
- UCLA Path and Lab Med, University of California, 10833 Le Conte Ave, Los Angeles, CA, 190095, USA
| | - Christopher I Amos
- Department of Medicine, Epidemiology Section, Institute for Clinical and Translational Research, Baylor Medical College, One Baylor Plaza, MS: BCM451, Suite 100D, Houston, TX, 77030-3411, USA
| | - Peter Kraft
- Program in Genetic Epidemiology and Statistical Genetics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, 677 Huntington Ave, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, 677 Huntington Ave, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.
| | - Sara Lindström
- Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, 1100 Fairview Ave. N., Seattle, WA, 98109-1024, USA.
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington School of Public Health, 1959 NE Pacific St, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA.
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Di Credico G, Edefonti V, Polesel J, Pauli F, Torelli N, Serraino D, Negri E, Luce D, Stucker I, Matsuo K, Brennan P, Vilensky M, Fernandez L, Curado MP, Menezes A, Daudt AW, Koifman R, Wunsch-Filho V, Holcatova I, Ahrens W, Lagiou P, Simonato L, Richiardi L, Healy C, Kjaerheim K, Conway DI, Macfarlane TV, Thomson P, Agudo A, Znaor A, Boaventura Rios LF, Toporcov TN, Franceschi S, Herrero R, Muscat J, Olshan AF, Zevallos JP, La Vecchia C, Winn DM, Sturgis EM, Li G, Fabianova E, Lissowska J, Mates D, Rudnai P, Shangina O, Swiatkowska B, Moysich K, Zhang ZF, Morgenstern H, Levi F, Smith E, Lazarus P, Bosetti C, Garavello W, Kelsey K, McClean M, Ramroth H, Chen C, Schwartz SM, Vaughan TL, Zheng T, Menvielle G, Boccia S, Cadoni G, Hayes RB, Purdue M, Gillison M, Schantz S, Yu GP, Brenner H, D'Souza G, Gross ND, Chuang SC, Boffetta P, Hashibe M, Lee YCA, Dal Maso L. Joint effects of intensity and duration of cigarette smoking on the risk of head and neck cancer: A bivariate spline model approach. Oral Oncol 2019; 94:47-57. [PMID: 31178212 PMCID: PMC7117823 DOI: 10.1016/j.oraloncology.2019.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2018] [Revised: 03/27/2019] [Accepted: 05/05/2019] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study aimed at re-evaluating the strength and shape of the dose-response relationship between the combined (or joint) effect of intensity and duration of cigarette smoking and the risk of head and neck cancer (HNC). We explored this issue considering bivariate spline models, where smoking intensity and duration were treated as interacting continuous exposures. MATERIALS AND METHODS We pooled individual-level data from 33 case-control studies (18,260 HNC cases and 29,844 controls) participating in the International Head and Neck Cancer Epidemiology (INHANCE) consortium. In bivariate regression spline models, exposures to cigarette smoking intensity and duration (compared with never smokers) were modeled as a linear piecewise function within a logistic regression also including potential confounders. We jointly estimated the optimal knot locations and regression parameters within the Bayesian framework. RESULTS For oral-cavity/pharyngeal (OCP) cancers, an odds ratio (OR) >5 was reached after 30 years in current smokers of ∼20 or more cigarettes/day. Patterns of OCP cancer risk in current smokers differed across strata of alcohol intensity. For laryngeal cancer, ORs >20 were found for current smokers of ≥20 cigarettes/day for ≥30 years. In former smokers who quit ≥10 years ago, the ORs were approximately halved for OCP cancers, and ∼1/3 for laryngeal cancer, as compared to the same levels of intensity and duration in current smokers. CONCLUSION Referring to bivariate spline models, this study better quantified the joint effect of intensity and duration of cigarette smoking on HNC risk, further stressing the need of smoking cessation policies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gioia Di Credico
- Department of Statistics, Padua University, Padua, Italy; Department of Economics, Business, Mathematics and Statistics, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Valeria Edefonti
- Branch of Medical Statistics, Biometry and Epidemiology "G. A. Maccacaro", Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy.
| | - Jerry Polesel
- Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico di Aviano (CRO), IRCCS, Aviano, Italy
| | - Francesco Pauli
- Department of Economics, Business, Mathematics and Statistics, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Nicola Torelli
- Department of Economics, Business, Mathematics and Statistics, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Diego Serraino
- Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico di Aviano (CRO), IRCCS, Aviano, Italy
| | - Eva Negri
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Daniele Luce
- Université de Rennes, INSERM, EHESP, Irset (Institut de Recherche en Santé, Environnement et Travail), UMR_S 1085, Pointe-à-Pitre, France
| | - Isabelle Stucker
- Inserm, Center for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health (CESP), Cancer and Environment team, Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France
| | | | - Paul Brennan
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Marta Vilensky
- Institute of Oncology Angel H. Roffo, University of Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | | | | | - Ana Menezes
- Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil
| | | | - Rosalina Koifman
- Escola Nacional de Saude Publica, Fundacao Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | - Ivana Holcatova
- Institute of Hygiene & Epidemiology, 1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Wolfgang Ahrens
- Leibniz Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology, BIPS, Bremen, Germany; University of Bremen, Faculty of Mathematics and Computer Science, Bremen, Germany
| | - Pagona Lagiou
- Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Lorenzo Simonato
- Department of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Sciences and Public Health, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | | | - Claire Healy
- Trinity College School of Dental Science, Dublin, Ireland
| | | | - David I Conway
- School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Nursing, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Tatiana V Macfarlane
- School of Medicine, Medical Sciences and Nutrition, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK and School of Medicine, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK
| | | | | | - Ariana Znaor
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | | | | | - Silvia Franceschi
- Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico di Aviano (CRO), IRCCS, Aviano, Italy
| | | | | | - Andrew F Olshan
- University of North Carolina School of Public Health, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Jose P Zevallos
- Division of Head and Neck Surgical Oncology in the Department of Otolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery at Washington University School of Medicine, USA
| | - Carlo La Vecchia
- Branch of Medical Statistics, Biometry and Epidemiology "G. A. Maccacaro", Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Deborah M Winn
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | | | - Guojun Li
- UT - M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | | | - Jolanda Lissowska
- The M. Skasodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology, Dept. of Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Dana Mates
- National Institute of Public Health, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Peter Rudnai
- National Institute of Environmental Health to National Public Health Institute, Budapest, Hungary
| | | | | | | | | | - Hal Morgenstern
- Departments of Epidemiology and Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health and Department of Urology, Medical School, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Fabio Levi
- Institut Universitaire de Medecine Sociale et Preventive (IUMSP), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Elaine Smith
- College of Public Health, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Philip Lazarus
- Washington State University College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Spokane, WA, USA
| | - Cristina Bosetti
- Department of Oncology, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Werner Garavello
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano, Bicocca, Monza, Italy
| | | | | | | | - Chu Chen
- Program in Epidemiology, Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Stephen M Schwartz
- Program in Epidemiology, Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Thomas L Vaughan
- Program in Epidemiology, Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Tongzhang Zheng
- Department of Epidemiology, Brown University School of Public Health, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Gwenn Menvielle
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Institut Pierre Louis d'Epidémiologie et de Santé Publique IPLESP, Department of Social Epidemiology, F75012 Paris, France
| | - Stefania Boccia
- Department of Woman and Child Health and Public Health, Public Health Area, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Roma, Italy; Sezione di Igiene, Istituto di Sanità Pubblica, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Roma, Italy
| | - Gabriella Cadoni
- Dipartimento di Scienze dell'Invecchiamento, Neurologiche, Ortopediche e della Testa-Collo, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Roma, Italy; Istituto di Clinica Otorinolaringoiatrica, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Roma, Italy
| | - Richard B Hayes
- Division of Epidemiology, New York University School Of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Mark Purdue
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Maura Gillison
- "Thoracic/Head and Neck Medical Oncology", The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, TX, USA
| | | | - Guo-Pei Yu
- Medical Informatics Center, Peking University, China
| | - Hermann Brenner
- Division of Clinical Epidemiology and Aging Research, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany; Division of Preventive Oncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) and National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), Heidelberg, Germany; German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | | | - Neil D Gross
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Division of Surgery, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Shu-Chun Chuang
- Institute of Population Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Taiwan
| | - Paolo Boffetta
- The Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Mia Hashibe
- Division of Public Health, Department of Family & Preventive Medicine and Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Yuan-Chin Amy Lee
- Division of Public Health, Department of Family & Preventive Medicine, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Luigino Dal Maso
- Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico di Aviano (CRO), IRCCS, Aviano, Italy
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Jiang X, Finucane HK, Schumacher FR, Schmit SL, Tyrer JP, Han Y, Michailidou K, Lesseur C, Kuchenbaecker KB, Dennis J, Conti DV, Casey G, Gaudet MM, Huyghe JR, Albanes D, Aldrich MC, Andrew AS, Andrulis IL, Anton-Culver H, Antoniou AC, Antonenkova NN, Arnold SM, Aronson KJ, Arun BK, Bandera EV, Barkardottir RB, Barnes DR, Batra J, Beckmann MW, Benitez J, Benlloch S, Berchuck A, Berndt SI, Bickeböller H, Bien SA, Blomqvist C, Boccia S, Bogdanova NV, Bojesen SE, Bolla MK, Brauch H, Brenner H, Brenton JD, Brook MN, Brunet J, Brunnström H, Buchanan DD, Burwinkel B, Butzow R, Cadoni G, Caldés T, Caligo MA, Campbell I, Campbell PT, Cancel-Tassin G, Cannon-Albright L, Campa D, Caporaso N, Carvalho AL, Chan AT, Chang-Claude J, Chanock SJ, Chen C, Christiani DC, Claes KBM, Claessens F, Clements J, Collée JM, Correa MC, Couch FJ, Cox A, Cunningham JM, Cybulski C, Czene K, Daly MB, deFazio A, Devilee P, Diez O, Gago-Dominguez M, Donovan JL, Dörk T, Duell EJ, Dunning AM, Dwek M, Eccles DM, Edlund CK, Edwards DRV, Ellberg C, Evans DG, Fasching PA, Ferris RL, Liloglou T, Figueiredo JC, Fletcher O, Fortner RT, Fostira F, Franceschi S, Friedman E, Gallinger SJ, Ganz PA, Garber J, García-Sáenz JA, Gayther SA, Giles GG, Godwin AK, Goldberg MS, Goldgar DE, Goode EL, Goodman MT, Goodman G, Grankvist K, Greene MH, Gronberg H, Gronwald J, Guénel P, Håkansson N, Hall P, Hamann U, Hamdy FC, Hamilton RJ, Hampe J, Haugen A, Heitz F, Herrero R, Hillemanns P, Hoffmeister M, Høgdall E, Hong YC, Hopper JL, Houlston R, Hulick PJ, Hunter DJ, Huntsman DG, Idos G, Imyanitov EN, Ingles SA, Isaacs C, Jakubowska A, James P, Jenkins MA, Johansson M, Johansson M, John EM, Joshi AD, Kaneva R, Karlan BY, Kelemen LE, Kühl T, Khaw KT, Khusnutdinova E, Kibel AS, Kiemeney LA, Kim J, Kjaer SK, Knight JA, Kogevinas M, Kote-Jarai Z, Koutros S, Kristensen VN, Kupryjanczyk J, Lacko M, Lam S, Lambrechts D, Landi MT, Lazarus P, Le ND, Lee E, Lejbkowicz F, Lenz HJ, Leslie G, Lessel D, Lester J, Levine DA, Li L, Li CI, Lindblom A, Lindor NM, Liu G, Loupakis F, Lubiński J, Maehle L, Maier C, Mannermaa A, Marchand LL, Margolin S, May T, McGuffog L, Meindl A, Middha P, Miller A, Milne RL, MacInnis RJ, Modugno F, Montagna M, Moreno V, Moysich KB, Mucci L, Muir K, Mulligan AM, Nathanson KL, Neal DE, Ness AR, Neuhausen SL, Nevanlinna H, Newcomb PA, Newcomb LF, Nielsen FC, Nikitina-Zake L, Nordestgaard BG, Nussbaum RL, Offit K, Olah E, Olama AAA, Olopade OI, Olshan AF, Olsson H, Osorio A, Pandha H, Park JY, Pashayan N, Parsons MT, Pejovic T, Penney KL, Peters WHM, Phelan CM, Phipps AI, Plaseska-Karanfilska D, Pring M, Prokofyeva D, Radice P, Stefansson K, Ramus SJ, Raskin L, Rennert G, Rennert HS, van Rensburg EJ, Riggan MJ, Risch HA, Risch A, Roobol MJ, Rosenstein BS, Rossing MA, De Ruyck K, Saloustros E, Sandler DP, Sawyer EJ, Schabath MB, Schleutker J, Schmidt MK, Setiawan VW, Shen H, Siegel EM, Sieh W, Singer CF, Slattery ML, Sorensen KD, Southey MC, Spurdle AB, Stanford JL, Stevens VL, Stintzing S, Stone J, Sundfeldt K, Sutphen R, Swerdlow AJ, Tajara EH, Tangen CM, Tardon A, Taylor JA, Teare MD, Teixeira MR, Terry MB, Terry KL, Thibodeau SN, Thomassen M, Bjørge L, Tischkowitz M, Toland AE, Torres D, Townsend PA, Travis RC, Tung N, Tworoger SS, Ulrich CM, Usmani N, Vachon CM, Van Nieuwenhuysen E, Vega A, Aguado-Barrera ME, Wang Q, Webb PM, Weinberg CR, Weinstein S, Weissler MC, Weitzel JN, West CML, White E, Whittemore AS, Wichmann HE, Wiklund F, Winqvist R, Wolk A, Woll P, Woods M, Wu AH, Wu X, Yannoukakos D, Zheng W, Zienolddiny S, Ziogas A, Zorn KK, Lane JM, Saxena R, Thomas D, Hung RJ, Diergaarde B, McKay J, Peters U, Hsu L, García-Closas M, Eeles RA, Chenevix-Trench G, Brennan PJ, Haiman CA, Simard J, Easton DF, Gruber SB, Pharoah PDP, Price AL, Pasaniuc B, Amos CI, Kraft P, Lindström S. Shared heritability and functional enrichment across six solid cancers. Nat Commun 2019; 10:431. [PMID: 30683880 PMCID: PMC6347624 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-08054-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2018] [Accepted: 12/10/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Quantifying the genetic correlation between cancers can provide important insights into the mechanisms driving cancer etiology. Using genome-wide association study summary statistics across six cancer types based on a total of 296,215 cases and 301,319 controls of European ancestry, here we estimate the pair-wise genetic correlations between breast, colorectal, head/neck, lung, ovary and prostate cancer, and between cancers and 38 other diseases. We observed statistically significant genetic correlations between lung and head/neck cancer (rg = 0.57, p = 4.6 × 10-8), breast and ovarian cancer (rg = 0.24, p = 7 × 10-5), breast and lung cancer (rg = 0.18, p =1.5 × 10-6) and breast and colorectal cancer (rg = 0.15, p = 1.1 × 10-4). We also found that multiple cancers are genetically correlated with non-cancer traits including smoking, psychiatric diseases and metabolic characteristics. Functional enrichment analysis revealed a significant excess contribution of conserved and regulatory regions to cancer heritability. Our comprehensive analysis of cross-cancer heritability suggests that solid tumors arising across tissues share in part a common germline genetic basis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xia Jiang
- Program in Genetic Epidemiology and Statistical Genetics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, 677 Huntington Ave, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.
- Unit of Cardiovascular Epidemiology, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Nobels vagen 13, 17177, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Hilary K Finucane
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, 677 Huntington Ave, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, 75 Ames St, Cambridge, MA, 02142, USA
| | - Fredrick R Schumacher
- Department of Population and Quantitative Health Sciences, Case Western Reserve University, 10900 Eucid Avenue, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA
- Seidman Cancer Center, University Hospitals, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA
| | - Stephanie L Schmit
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, 12902 Magnolia Dr. MRC-CANCONT, Tampa, FL, 33612, USA
- Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, 12902 Magnolia Dr. MRC-CANCONT, Tampa, FL, 33612, USA
| | - Jonathan P Tyrer
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, 2 Worts' Causeway, Cambridge, CB1 8RN, UK
| | - Younghun Han
- Department of Biomedical Data Science, The Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, 1 Medical Center Drive, Lebanon, NH, 03756, USA
| | - Kyriaki Michailidou
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, 2 Worts' Causeway, Cambridge, CB1 8RN, UK
- Department of Electron Microscopy/Molecular Pathology, The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, 1683, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Corina Lesseur
- Genetic Epidemiology Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer, 150 Cours Albert Thomas, 69008, Lyon, France
- Section of Genetics, International Agency for Research on Cancer, 150 cours Albert Thomas, 69008, Lyon, France
| | - Karoline B Kuchenbaecker
- Division of Psychiatry, University College London, Maple House, 149 Tottenham Court Road, London, W1T 7NF, UK
- UCL Genetics Institute, University College London, Gower Street, London, WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Joe Dennis
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, 2 Worts' Causeway, Cambridge, CB1 8RN, UK
| | - David V Conti
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles, CA, 48109, USA
| | - Graham Casey
- Public Health Sciences, University of Virginia, P.O. Box 800717, Charlottesville, VI, 22908, USA
- Center for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia, P.O. Box 800717, Charlottesville, VI, 22908, USA
| | - Mia M Gaudet
- Epidemiology Research Program, American Cancer Society, 250 Williams Street NW, Atlanta, GA, 30303, USA
| | - Jeroen R Huyghe
- Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, 1100 Fairview Ave. N., Seattle, WA, 98109-1024, USA
| | - Demetrius Albanes
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, 9609 Medical Center Dr, Rockville, MD, 20850, USA
| | - Melinda C Aldrich
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Division of Epidemiology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, 609 Oxford House, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA
| | - Angeline S Andrew
- Department of Neurology, Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, 7927 Rubin Building, Room 860, One Medical Center Drive, Lebanon, NH, 3756, USA
| | - Irene L Andrulis
- Fred ALitwin Center for Cancer Genetics, Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute of Mount Sinai Hospital, 600 University Avenue, Toronto, ON, M5G1X5, Canada
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, 1 King's College Circle, Toronto, ON, M5S1A8, Canada
| | - Hoda Anton-Culver
- Department of Epidemiology, Genetic Epidemiology Research Institute, University of California Irvine, 224 Irvine Hall, Irvine, CA, 92617, USA
| | - Antonis C Antoniou
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, 2 Worts' Causeway, Cambridge, CB1 8RN, UK
| | - Natalia N Antonenkova
- NNAlexandrov Research Institute of Oncology and Medical Radiology, Settlement of Lesnoy-2, 223040, Minsk, Belarus
| | - Susanne M Arnold
- Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky, 800 Rose Street, cc445, Lexington, KY, 40508, USA
| | - Kristan J Aronson
- Department of Public Health Sciences, and Cancer Research Institute, Queen's University, 10 Stuart Street, Kingston, ON, K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - Banu K Arun
- Department of Breast Medical Oncology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1155 Pressler St, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Elisa V Bandera
- Cancer Prevention and Control Program, Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, 195 Little Albany Street, Room 5568, New Brunswick, NJ, 08903, USA
| | - Rosa B Barkardottir
- Department of Pathology, Landspitali University Hospital, Hringbraut, Reykjavik, 101, Iceland
- BMC (Biomedical Centre), Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Vatnsmyrarvegi 16, Reykjavik, 101, Iceland
| | - Daniel R Barnes
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, 2 Worts' Causeway, Cambridge, CB1 8RN, UK
| | - Jyotsna Batra
- Australian Prostate Cancer Research Centre-Qld, Translational Research Institute, 37 Kent St, Woolloongabba, QLD, 4102, Australia
- Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation and School of Biomedical Science, Queensland University of Technology, 60 Musk Ave, Kelvin Grove, QLD, 4059, Australia
| | - Matthias W Beckmann
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Comprehensive Cancer Center Erlangen Nuremberg, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Universitaetsstrasse 21-23, 91054, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Javier Benitez
- Human Cancer Genetics Programme, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), Calle de Melchor Fernández Almagro, 3, 28029, Madrid, Spain
- Biomedical Network on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), AvMonforte de Lemos, 3-5Pabellón 11Planta 0, 28029, Madrid, Spain
| | - Sara Benlloch
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, 2 Worts' Causeway, Cambridge, CB1 8RN, UK
- Division of Genetics and Epidemiology, The Institute of Cancer Research, 15 Cotswold Road, London, SM2 5NG, UK
| | - Andrew Berchuck
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Duke University Medical Center, 25171 Morris Bldg, Durham, NC, 27710, USA
| | - Sonja I Berndt
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, 9609 Medical Center Dr, Rockville, MD, 20850, USA
| | - Heike Bickeböller
- Department of Genetic Epidemiology, University Medical Center Goettingen, Humboldtallee 32, 37073, Goettingen, Germany
| | - Stephanie A Bien
- Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, 1100 Fairview Ave. N., Seattle, WA, 98109-1024, USA
- School of Public Health, University of Washington, 1959 NE Pacific Street, Health Science Buidling, F-350, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
| | - Carl Blomqvist
- Department of Oncology, Helsinki University Hospital, University of Helsinki, Haartmaninkatu 4, 00290, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Oncology, Örebro University Hospital, 70185, Örebro, Sweden
| | - Stefania Boccia
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, 00168, Roma, Italy
- Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168, Roma, Italy
| | - Natalia V Bogdanova
- NNAlexandrov Research Institute of Oncology and Medical Radiology, Settlement of Lesnoy-2, 223040, Minsk, Belarus
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Straße 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany
- Gynaecology Research Unit, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Straße 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - Stig E Bojesen
- Copenhagen General Population Study, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, Copenhagen University Hospital, Herlev Ringvej 75, 2730, Herlev, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, Copenhagen University Hospital, Herlev Ringvej 75, 2730, Herlev, Denmark
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3B, 2200, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Manjeet K Bolla
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, 2 Worts' Causeway, Cambridge, CB1 8RN, UK
| | - Hiltrud Brauch
- DrMargarete Fischer-Bosch-Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Auerbachstr112, 70376, Stuttgart, Germany
- University of Tübingen, Geschwister-Scholl-Platz, 72074, Tübingen, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Hermann Brenner
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
- Division of Clinical Epidemiology and Aging Research, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
- Division of Preventive Oncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) and National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - James D Brenton
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, University of Cambridge, Li Ka Shing Centre, Robinson Way, CB2 0RE, Cambridge, UK
| | - Mark N Brook
- Division of Genetics and Epidemiology, The Institute of Cancer Research, 15 Cotswold Road, London, SM2 5NG, UK
| | - Joan Brunet
- Genetic Counseling Unit, Hereditary Cancer Program, IDIBGI (Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Girona), Catalan Institute of Oncology, CIBERONC, AvFrança s/n, 17007, Girona, Spain
| | - Hans Brunnström
- Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Box 117, 221 00, Lund, Sweden
- Department of Genetics and Pathology, Division of Laboratory Medicine, 221 85, Lund, Sweden
| | - Daniel D Buchanan
- University of Melbourne Centre for Cancer Research, Victorian Comprehensive Cancer Centre, Parkville, VIC, 3010, Australia
- Colorectal Oncogenomics Group, Department of Clinical Pathology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3010, Australia
- Genomic Medicine and Family Cancer Clinic, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Parkville, VIC, 3010, Australia
| | - Barbara Burwinkel
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 440, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
- Molecular Epidemiology Group, C080, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Ralf Butzow
- Department of Pathology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Biomedicum Helsinki 4th floor, Haartmaninkatu 8, 00029, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Gabriella Cadoni
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, 00168, Roma, Italy
- Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168, Roma, Italy
| | - Trinidad Caldés
- Medical Oncology Department, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria San Carlos (IdISSC), Centro Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Calle del Prof Martín Lagos, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - Maria A Caligo
- Section of Genetic Oncology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, University and University Hospital of Pisa, via Roma 67, 56126, Pisa, Italy
| | - Ian Campbell
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Center, 305 Grattan Street, Melbourne, VIC, 3000, Australia
- Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, The University of Melbourne, 305 Grattan Street, Melbourne, VIC, 3000, Australia
| | - Peter T Campbell
- Epidemiology Research Program, American Cancer Society, 250 Williams Street NW, Atlanta, GA, 30303, USA
| | - Géraldine Cancel-Tassin
- Sorbonne Université, GRC N°5 ONCOTYPE-URO, Tenon Hospital, 75020, Paris, France
- CeRePP, Tenon Hospital, 75020, Paris, France
| | - Lisa Cannon-Albright
- Division of Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT, 84112, USA
- George EWahlen Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Salt Lake City, UT, 84112, USA
| | - Daniele Campa
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
- Department of Biology, University of Pisa, 56126, Pisa, Italy
| | - Neil Caporaso
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, 9609 Medical Center Dr, Rockville, MD, 20850, USA
| | - André L Carvalho
- Molecular Oncology Research Center, Barretos Cancer Hospital, Rua Antenor Duarte Villela, 1331, Barretos, SP, 784-400, Brazil
- Head and Neck Surgery Department, Barretos Cancer Hospital, Pio XII, 1331, Antenor Duarte Villela St, Barretos, SP, 14784-400, Brazil
| | - Andrew T Chan
- Division of Gastroenterology, Massachusetts General Hospital, 55 Fruit Street, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 181 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Jenny Chang-Claude
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
- Cancer Epidemiology Group, University Cancer Center Hamburg (UCCH), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistraße 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Stephen J Chanock
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, 9609 Medical Center Dr, Rockville, MD, 20850, USA
| | - Chu Chen
- Program in Epidemiology, Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, 1100 Fairview Ave N, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA
| | - David C Christiani
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, 677 Huntington Ave, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Kathleen B M Claes
- Centre for Medical Genetics, Ghent University, De Pintelaan 185, 9000, Gent, Belgium
| | - Frank Claessens
- Molecular Endocrinology Laboratory, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven, Leuven, 3000, Belgium
| | - Judith Clements
- Australian Prostate Cancer Research Centre-Qld, Translational Research Institute, 37 Kent St, Woolloongabba, QLD, 4102, Australia
- Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation and School of Biomedical Science, Queensland University of Technology, 60 Musk Ave, Kelvin Grove, QLD, 4059, Australia
| | - J Margriet Collée
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Erasmus University Medical Center, Wytemaweg 80, 3015, Rotterdam, CN, The Netherlands
| | - Marcia Cruz Correa
- University of Puerto Rico Medical Sciences Campus and Comprehensive Cancer Center, San Juan, PR, 00936, USA
| | - Fergus J Couch
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, 200 First StSW, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA
| | - Angela Cox
- Sheffield Institute for Nucleic Acids (SInFoNiA), Department of Oncology and Metabolism, University of Sheffield, Western Bank, Sheffield, S10 2TN, UK
| | - Julie M Cunningham
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, 200 First StSW, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA
| | - Cezary Cybulski
- International Hereditary Cancer Center, Department of Genetics and Pathology, Pomeranian Medical University, ulUnii Lubelskiej 1, 71-252, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Kamila Czene
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska Univ Hospital, 171 76, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Mary B Daly
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Fox Chase Cancer Center, 333 Cottman Ave, Philadelphia, PA, 19111, USA
| | - Anna deFazio
- Centre for Cancer Research, The Westmead Institute for Medical Research, The University of Sydney, 176 Hawkesbury Rd, Sydney, NSW, 2145, Australia
- Department of Gynaecological Oncology, Westmead Hospital, Hawkesbury Rd & Darcy Rd, Sydney, NSW, 2145, Australia
| | - Peter Devilee
- Department of Pathology, Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, 2333 ZA, Leiden, The Netherlands
- Department of Human Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, 2333 ZA, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Orland Diez
- Oncogenetics Group, Clinical and Molecular Genetics Area, Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO), University Hospital, Vall d'Hebron, Passeig de la Vall d'Hebron 119-129, 08035, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Manuela Gago-Dominguez
- Genomic Medicine Group, Galician Foundation of Genomic Medicine, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago, SERGAS, Travesía da Choupana S/N, 15706, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- Moores Cancer Center, University of California, San Diego, 3855 Health Sciences Drive, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - Jenny L Donovan
- School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 1TH, UK
| | - Thilo Dörk
- Gynaecology Research Unit, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Straße 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - Eric J Duell
- Unit of Nutrition and Cancer, Cancer Epidemiology Research Program, Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO-IDIBELL), AvGran Via 199-203, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, 08908, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Alison M Dunning
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, 2 Worts' Causeway, Cambridge, CB1 8RN, UK
| | - Miriam Dwek
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Westminster, 309 Regent Street, London, W1B 2HW, UK
| | - Diana M Eccles
- Cancer Sciences Academic Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Tremona Road, Southampton, SO16 6YD, UK
| | - Christopher K Edlund
- Department of Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA
| | - Digna R Velez Edwards
- Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt Genetics Institute, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, 2525 West End Avenue, Suite 600, Nashville, TN, 37203, USA
| | - Carolina Ellberg
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology, Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Barngatan 4, Skånes universitetssjukhus, 222 42, Lund, Sweden
| | - D Gareth Evans
- Manchester Centre for Genomic Medicine, Division of Evolution and Genomic Sciences, University of Manchester, St Mary's Hospital, Central Manchester University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9WL, UK
| | - Peter A Fasching
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Comprehensive Cancer Center Erlangen Nuremberg, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Universitaetsstrasse 21-23, 91054, Erlangen, Germany
- David Geffen School of Medicine, Department of Medicine Division of Hematology and Oncology, University of California at Los Angeles, 10833 Le Conte Ave, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Robert L Ferris
- Department of Otolaryngology, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Cancer Pavilion, University of Pittsburgh, Suite 500, 5150 Centre Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA, 15232, USA
| | - Triantafillos Liloglou
- Molecular and Clinical Cancer Medicine, Roy Castle Lung Cancer Research Programme, The University of Liverpool Institute of Translational Medicine, The Wiliam Duncan Building, 6 West Derby Street, Liverpool, L69 3BX, UK
| | - Jane C Figueiredo
- Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, 8700 Beverly Boulevard, Los Angeles, CA, 90048, USA
- Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, 1450 Biggy Street, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA
| | - Olivia Fletcher
- The Breast Cancer Now Toby Robins Research Centre, The Institute of Cancer Research, 123 Old Brompton Road, London, SW7 3RP, UK
| | - Renée T Fortner
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Florentia Fostira
- Molecular Diagnostics Laboratory, INRASTES, National Centre for Scientific Research 'Demokritos', Neapoleos 10, AgParaskevi, Athens, 15310, Greece
| | - Silvia Franceschi
- Section of Infections, International Agency for Research on Cancer, 150 cours Albert Thomas, 69008, Lyon, France
| | - Eitan Friedman
- The Susanne Levy Gertner Oncogenetics Unit, Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Emek HaEla St 1, 52621, Ramat Gan, Israel
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Haim Levanon 30, 69978, Ramat Aviv, Israel
| | - Steven J Gallinger
- Department of Surgery, Mount Sinai Hospital, 600 University Avenue, Toronto, ON, M5G 1X5, Canada
- Samuel Lunenfeld Research Institute, 600 University Avenue, Toronto, ON, M5G 1X5, Canada
- University Health Network Toronto General Hospital, 200 Elizabeth St, Toronto, ON, M5G 2C4, Canada
| | - Patricia A Ganz
- Schools of Medicine and Public Health, Division of Cancer Prevention & Control Research, Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Centre, UCLA, 650 Charles Young Drive South, Los Angeles, CA, 90095-6900, USA
| | - Judy Garber
- Cancer Risk and Prevention Clinic, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, 450 Brookline Avenue, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - José A García-Sáenz
- Medical Oncology Department, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria San Carlos (IdISSC), Centro Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Calle del Prof Martín Lagos, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - Simon A Gayther
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, 1975 Zonal Ave, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA
- Center for Cancer Prevention and Translational Genomics, Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Spielberg Building, 8725 Alden Dr, Los Angeles, CA, 90048, USA
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Spielberg Building, 8725 Alden Dr, Los Angeles, CA, 90048, USA
| | - Graham G Giles
- Cancer Epidemiology & Intelligence Division, Cancer Council Victoria, 615 St Kilda Road, Melbourne, VIC, 3004, Australia
- Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Level 1, 723 Swanston Street, Melbourne, VIC, 3010, Australia
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Andrew K Godwin
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, 3901 Rainbow Blvd, Kansas City, KS, 66160, USA
| | - Mark S Goldberg
- Department of Medicine, McGill University, 1001 Decarie Boulevard, Montréal, QC, H4A3J1, Canada
- Division of Clinical Epidemiology, Royal Victoria Hospital, McGill University, 1001 Decarie Boulevard, Montréal, QC, H4A3J1, Canada
| | - David E Goldgar
- Department of Dermatology, Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah School of Medicine, 2000 Circle of Hope, Salt Lake City, UT, 84112, USA
| | - Ellen L Goode
- Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, 200 First StSW, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA
| | - Marc T Goodman
- Cancer Prevention and Control, Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, 8700 Beverly Blvd, Room 1S37, Los Angeles, CA, 90048, USA
- Community and Population Health Research Institute, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, 8700 Beverly Blvd, Room 1S37, Los Angeles, CA, 90048, USA
| | - Gary Goodman
- Public Health Sciences Division, Swedish Cancer Institute, 1221 Madison StSte 300, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA
| | - Kjell Grankvist
- Unit of Clinical Chemistry, Department of Medical Biosciences, Umeå University, By 6M van 2, Sjukhusomradet, Umea universitet, 901 85, Umea, Sweden
| | - Mark H Greene
- Clinical Genetics Branch, National Cancer Institute, DCEG, 9609 Medical Center Dr, Bethesda, MD, 20850-9772, USA
| | - Henrik Gronberg
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska Univ Hospital, 171 76, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jacek Gronwald
- International Hereditary Cancer Center, Department of Genetics and Pathology, Pomeranian Medical University, ulUnii Lubelskiej 1, 71-252, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Pascal Guénel
- Cancer & Environment Group, Center for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health (CESP), INSERM, University Paris-Sud, University Paris-Saclay, 94805, Villejuif, France
| | - Niclas Håkansson
- Department of Environmental Medicine, Division of Nutritional Epidemiology, Karolinska Institutet, Nobels väg 13, SE-171 77, SE-171, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Per Hall
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska Univ Hospital, 171 76, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Oncology, Södersjukhuset, Sjukhusbacken 10, 118 83, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ute Hamann
- Molecular Genetics of Breast Cancer, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 580, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Freddie C Hamdy
- Nuffield Department of Surgical Sciences, Faculty of Medical Science, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 2JD, UK
| | - Robert J Hamilton
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, 610 University Avenue, Toronto, Ontario, M5G2M9, Canada
| | - Jochen Hampe
- Department of Internal Medicine 1, University Hospital Dresden, Technische Universität Dresden (TU Dresden), 01307, Dresden, Germany
| | - Aage Haugen
- National Institute of Occupational Health (STAMI), Gydas vei 8, 0033, Oslo, Norway
| | - Florian Heitz
- Department of Gynecology and Gynecologic Oncology, DrHorst Schmidt Kliniken Wiesbaden, Ludwig-Erhard-Straße 100, 65199, Wiesbaden, Germany
- Department of Gynecology and Gynecologic Oncology, Kliniken Essen-Mitte/ EvangHuyssens-Stiftung/ Knappschaft GmbH, Henricistrasse 92, 45136, Essen, Germany
| | - Rolando Herrero
- Early Detection and Prevention Section, International Agency for Research on Cancer, 150 cours Albert Thomas, 69008, Lyon, France
| | - Peter Hillemanns
- Gynaecology Research Unit, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Straße 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - Michael Hoffmeister
- Division of Clinical Epidemiology and Aging Research, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Estrid Høgdall
- Department of Virus, Lifestyle and Genes, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Strandboulevarden 49, DK-2100, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Molecular Unit, Department of Pathology, Herlev Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Herlev Ringvej 75, DK-2730, Herlev, Denmark
| | - Yun-Chul Hong
- Preventive Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 151 742, Korea
| | - John L Hopper
- Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Level 1, 723 Swanston Street, Melbourne, VIC, 3010, Australia
| | - Richard Houlston
- German Research Center for Environmental Health, Institute for Cancer Research, Ingolstadter Landstr1, London, SM2 5NG, UK
| | - Peter J Hulick
- Center for Medical Genetics, NorthShore University HealthSystem, 1000 Central St, Evanston, IL, 60201, USA
- The University of Chicago Pritzker School of Medicine, 924 E 57th St, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA
| | - David J Hunter
- Program in Genetic Epidemiology and Statistical Genetics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, 677 Huntington Ave, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - David G Huntsman
- British Columbia's Ovarian Cancer Research (OVCARE) Program, Vancouver General Hospital, BC Cancer Agency and University of British Columbia, #3427-600 West 10th Avenue, Vancouver, BC, V5Z 4E6, Canada
- Department of Molecular Oncology, BC Cancer Agency Research Centre, #3427-600 West 10th Avenue, Vancouver, BC, V5Z 4E6, Canada
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, #3427-600 West 10th Avenue, Vancouver, BC, V5Z 4E6, Canada
| | - Gregory Idos
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles, CA, 48109, USA
| | - Evgeny N Imyanitov
- NNPetrov Institute of Oncology, Leningradskaya ul, 68, StPetersburg, Russia, 197758
| | - Sue Ann Ingles
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles, CA, 48109, USA
| | - Claudine Isaacs
- Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University, 3800 Reservoir Road, Washington, DC, 20007, USA
| | - Anna Jakubowska
- International Hereditary Cancer Center, Department of Genetics and Pathology, Pomeranian Medical University, ulUnii Lubelskiej 1, 71-252, Szczecin, Poland
- Independent Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Genetic Diagnostics, Pomeranian Medical University, Rybacka 1, 70-204, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Paul James
- Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, The University of Melbourne, 305 Grattan Street, Melbourne, VIC, 3000, Australia
- Parkville Familial Cancer Centre, Peter MacCallum Cancer Center, 305 Grattan Street, Melbourne, VIC, 3000, Australia
| | - Mark A Jenkins
- University of Melbourne Centre for Cancer Research, Victorian Comprehensive Cancer Centre, Parkville, VIC, 3010, Australia
- Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Level 1, 723 Swanston Street, Melbourne, VIC, 3010, Australia
| | - Mattias Johansson
- Section of Genetics, International Agency for Research on Cancer, 150 cours Albert Thomas, 69008, Lyon, France
| | - Mikael Johansson
- Department of Radiation Sciences, Umeå University, By 6M van 2, Sjukhusomradet, Umea universitet, 901 85, Umea, Sweden
| | - Esther M John
- Department of Medicine, Division of Oncology and Stanford Cancer Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, 780 Welch Rd, Stanford, CA, 94304, USA
| | - Amit D Joshi
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, 677 Huntington Ave, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- Clinical and Translational Epidemiology Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, 02114, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Radka Kaneva
- Molecular Medicine Center, Department of Medical Chemistry and Biochemistry, Medical Faculty, Medical University of Sofia, Sofia, 1504, Bulgaria
| | - Beth Y Karlan
- Women's Cancer Program at the Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, 8700 Beverly Boulevard, Los Angeles, CA, 90048, USA
| | - Linda E Kelemen
- Hollings Cancer Center and Department of Public Health Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, 68 President Street Bioengineering Building, MSC955, Charleston, SC, 29425, USA
| | - Tabea Kühl
- Cancer Epidemiology, University Cancer Center Hamburg (UCCH), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistraße 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Kay-Tee Khaw
- Clinical Gerontology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, 2 Worts' Causeway, Cambridge, CB1 8RN, UK
| | - Elza Khusnutdinova
- Department of Genetics and Fundamental Medicine, Bashkir State University, ulZaki Validi 32, Ufa, Russia, 450076
- Institute of Biochemistry and Genetics, Ufa Scientific Center of Russian Academy of Sciences, 71 prosp Oktyabrya, Ufa, Russia, 450054
| | - Adam S Kibel
- Division of Urologic Surgery, Brigham and Womens Hospital, Boston, Massachusettes, 02115, USA
| | - Lambertus A Kiemeney
- Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Geert Grooteplein 21, 6525 EZ, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Jeri Kim
- Department of Genitourinary Medical Oncology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1155 Pressler St, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Susanne K Kjaer
- Department of Virus, Lifestyle and Genes, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Strandboulevarden 49, DK-2100, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Gynaecology, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 9, DK-2100, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Julia A Knight
- Prosserman Centre for Population Health Research, Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Sinai Health System, 60 Murray Street, Toronto, Ontario, M5T 3L9, Canada
- Division of Epidemiology, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, 155 College Street, Toronto, ON, M5T3M7, Canada
| | - Manolis Kogevinas
- Biomedical Network on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), AvMonforte de Lemos, 3-5Pabellón 11Planta 0, 28029, Madrid, Spain
- Centre for Research in Environmental Epidemiology (CREAL), ISGlobal, 08036, Barcelona, Spain
- IMIM (Hospital del Mar Research Institute), Barcelona, 08003, Spain
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, 08002, Spain
| | - Zsofia Kote-Jarai
- Division of Genetics and Epidemiology, The Institute of Cancer Research, 15 Cotswold Road, London, SM2 5NG, UK
| | - Stella Koutros
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Department of Health and Human Services, National Institutes of Health, 9609 Medical Center Dr, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Vessela N Kristensen
- Department of Cancer Genetics, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital Radiumhospitalet, Ullernchausseen 70, 0379, Oslo, Norway
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Kirkeveien 166, 0450, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Clinical Molecular Biology, Oslo University Hospital, University of Oslo, Kirkeveien 166, 0450, Oslo, Norway
| | - Jolanta Kupryjanczyk
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Diagnostics, the Maria Sklodowska-Curie Institute - Oncology Center, Roentgena 5, 02-781, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Martin Lacko
- Head and Neck Surgery, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Maastricht University Medical Center, PDebyelaan 25, POBox 5800, 6202 AZ, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Stephan Lam
- Department of Integrative Oncology, British Columbia Cancer Agency, Room 10-111 675 West 10th Avenue, Vancouver, BC, V5Z1L3, Canada
| | - Diether Lambrechts
- VIB Center for Cancer Biology, VIB, Herestraat 49, 3001, Leuven, Belgium
- Laboratory for Translational Genetics, Department of Human Genetics, University of Leuven, Oude Markt 13, 3000, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Maria Teresa Landi
- Integrative Tumor Epidemiology Branch, DCEG, National Cancer Institute, 9609 Medical Center Drive, Room SG/7E106, Rockville, MD, 20850, USA
| | - Philip Lazarus
- College of Pharmacy, Washington State University, PBS 431 PO Box 1495, Spokane, WA, 99210-1495, USA
| | - Nhu D Le
- Cancer Control Research, BC Cancer Agency, 675 West 10th Avenue, Vancouver, BC, V5Z 1L3, Canada
| | - Eunjung Lee
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, 1975 Zonal Ave, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA
| | - Flavio Lejbkowicz
- Clalit Health Services, Clalit National Israeli Cancer Control Center, Carmel Medical Center, 2 Horev Street, 3436212, Haifa, Israel
| | - Heinz-Josef Lenz
- Department of Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA
| | - Goska Leslie
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, 2 Worts' Causeway, Cambridge, CB1 8RN, UK
| | - Davor Lessel
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistraße 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Jenny Lester
- Women's Cancer Program at the Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, 8700 Beverly Boulevard, Los Angeles, CA, 90048, USA
| | - Douglas A Levine
- Gynecology Service, Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY, 10065, USA
- Gynecologic Oncology, Laura and Isaac Pearlmutter Cancer Center, NYU Langone Medical Center, 240 East 38th Street 19th Floor, New York, NY, 10016, USA
| | - Li Li
- Department of Family Medicine and Community Health, Mary Ann Swetland Center for Environmental Health, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA
- Servicio Galego de Saude (SERGAS), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), 15706, Santiago De Compostela, Spain
| | - Christopher I Li
- Translational Research Program, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA
| | - Annika Lindblom
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska Univ Hospital, 171 76, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Noralane M Lindor
- Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic Arizona, 13400 EShea Blvd, Scottsdale, AZ, 85259, USA
| | - Geoffrey Liu
- Epidemiology Division, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, 610 University Avenue, Toronto, ON, M5G2M9, Canada
| | - Fotios Loupakis
- Unit of Oncology 1, Department of Clinical and Experimental Oncology, Istituto Oncologico Veneto IRCCS, 35122, Padua, Italy
| | - Jan Lubiński
- International Hereditary Cancer Center, Department of Genetics and Pathology, Pomeranian Medical University, ulUnii Lubelskiej 1, 71-252, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Lovise Maehle
- Department of Medical Genetics, Oslo University Hospital, Kirkeveien 166, 0450, Oslo, Norway
| | - Christiane Maier
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Hospital Ulm, Prittwitzstrasse 43, 89075, Ulm, Germany
| | - Arto Mannermaa
- Translational Cancer Research Area, University of Eastern Finland, Yliopistonranta 1, 70210, Kuopio, Finland
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Pathology and Forensic Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Yliopistonranta 1, 70210, Finland
- Imaging Center, Department of Clinical Pathology, Kuopio University Hospital, Puijonlaaksontie 2, 70210, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Loic Le Marchand
- Epidemiology Program, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, 701 Ilalo St, Honolulu, HI, 96813, USA
| | - Sara Margolin
- Department of Clinical Science and Education, Södersjukhuset, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, 17177, Sweden
| | - Taymaa May
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, University Health Network, Princess Margaret Hospital, 610 University Avenue, OPG Wing, 6-811, Toronto, ON, M5G 2M9, Canada
| | - Lesley McGuffog
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, 2 Worts' Causeway, Cambridge, CB1 8RN, UK
| | - Alfons Meindl
- Division of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, , Technische Universität München, Arcisstraße 21, 80333, Munich, Germany
| | - Pooja Middha
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Heidelberg, In Neuenheimer Feld 672, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Austin Miller
- NRG Oncology, Statistics and Data Management Center, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Elm & Carlton Streets, Buffalo, NY, 14263, USA
| | - Roger L Milne
- Cancer Epidemiology & Intelligence Division, Cancer Council Victoria, 615 St Kilda Road, Melbourne, VIC, 3004, Australia
- Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Level 1, 723 Swanston Street, Melbourne, VIC, 3010, Australia
| | - Robert J MacInnis
- Cancer Epidemiology & Intelligence Division, Cancer Council Victoria, 615 St Kilda Road, Melbourne, VIC, 3004, Australia
- Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Level 1, 723 Swanston Street, Melbourne, VIC, 3010, Australia
| | - Francesmary Modugno
- Womens Cancer Research Center, Magee-Womens Research Institute and Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, 300 Halket Street, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
| | - Marco Montagna
- Immunology and Molecular Oncology Unit, Veneto Institute of Oncology IOV - IRCCS, Via Gattamelata 64, Padua, 35128, Italy
| | - Victor Moreno
- Catalan Institute of Oncology, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP) and University of Barcelona, Barcelona, 08908, Spain
| | - Kirsten B Moysich
- Division of Cancer Prevention and Control, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Elm & Carlton Streets, Buffalo, NY, 14263, USA
| | - Lorelei Mucci
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, 677 Huntington Ave, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Kenneth Muir
- Division of Population Health, Health Services Research and Primary Care, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK
- Division of Health Sciences, Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL, UK
| | - Anna Marie Mulligan
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, 1 King's College Circle, Toronto, ON, M5S1A8, Canada
- Laboratory Medicine Program, University Health Network, 200 Elizabeth Street, Toronto, ON, M5G2C4, Canada
| | - Katherine L Nathanson
- Department of Medicine, Abramson Cancer Center, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, 3400 Civic Center Boulevard, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - David E Neal
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, University of Cambridge, Li Ka Shing Centre, Robinson Way, CB2 0RE, Cambridge, UK
- Nuffield Department of Surgical Sciences, Faculty of Medical Science, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 2JD, UK
- Department of Oncology, Addenbrooke's Hospital, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB1 8RN, UK
| | - Andrew R Ness
- NIHR Bristol Biomedical Research Centre Nutrition Theme, University of Bristol, Upper Maudlin Street, Bristol, BS2 8AE, UK
| | - Susan L Neuhausen
- Department of Population Sciences, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, 1500 E Duarte, Duarte, CA, 91010, USA
| | - Heli Nevanlinna
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Helsinki University Hospital, University of Helsinki, Haartmaninkatu 8, 00290, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Polly A Newcomb
- Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, 1100 Fairview Ave. N., Seattle, WA, 98109-1024, USA
- School of Public Health, University of Washington, 1959 NE Pacific Street, Health Science Buidling, F-350, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
| | - Lisa F Newcomb
- Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, 1100 Fairview Ave. N., Seattle, WA, 98109-1024, USA
- Department of Urology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, 98195, USA
| | - Finn Cilius Nielsen
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Blegdamsvej 9, DK-2100, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Liene Nikitina-Zake
- Latvian Biomedical Research and Study Centre, Ratsupites str 1, Riga, LV-1067, Latvia
| | - Børge G Nordestgaard
- Copenhagen General Population Study, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, Copenhagen University Hospital, Herlev Ringvej 75, 2730, Herlev, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, Copenhagen University Hospital, Herlev Ringvej 75, 2730, Herlev, Denmark
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3B, 2200, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Robert L Nussbaum
- Cancer Genetics and Prevention Program, University of California San Francisco, 1600 Divisadero St, San Francisco, CA, 94143-1714, USA
| | - Kenneth Offit
- Clinical Genetics Research Lab, Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY, 10065, USA
- Clinical Genetics Service, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Edith Olah
- Department of Molecular Genetics, National Institute of Oncology, Ráth György u7-9, 1122, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Ali Amin Al Olama
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, 2 Worts' Causeway, Cambridge, CB1 8RN, UK
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Olufunmilayo I Olopade
- Center for Clinical Cancer Genetics, The University of Chicago, 5841S Maryland Ave, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA
| | - Andrew F Olshan
- Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, 135 Dauer Dr, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599-7435, USA
- UNC Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, 450 West Dr, Chapell Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Håkan Olsson
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology, Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Barngatan 4, Skånes universitetssjukhus, 222 42, Lund, Sweden
| | - Ana Osorio
- Human Cancer Genetics Programme, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), Calle de Melchor Fernández Almagro, 3, 28029, Madrid, Spain
- Biomedical Network on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), AvMonforte de Lemos, 3-5Pabellón 11Planta 0, 28029, Madrid, Spain
| | - Hardev Pandha
- The University of Surrey, Guildford, Surrey, GU2 7XH, UK
| | - Jong Y Park
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology, HLee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, 12902 Magnolia Drive, Tampa, FL, 33612, USA
| | - Nora Pashayan
- Department of Applied Health Research, University College London, 1-19 Torrington Place, London, WC1E 6BT, UK
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Oncology, Strangeways Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB1 8RN, UK
| | - Michael T Parsons
- Department of Genetics and Computational Biology, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, 300 Herston Road, Brisbane, QLD, 4006, Australia
| | - Tanja Pejovic
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Oregon Health & Science University, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Road, L-466, Portland, OR, 97239, USA
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Road, L-466, Portland, OR, 97239, USA
| | - Kathryn L Penney
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 181 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Wilbert H M Peters
- Department of Gastroenterology, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Center, Geert Grooteplein Zuid 10, Internal BOBox 433, 6525 GA, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Catherine M Phelan
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology, HLee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, 12902 Magnolia Drive, Tampa, FL, 33612, USA
| | - Amanda I Phipps
- Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, 1100 Fairview Ave. N., Seattle, WA, 98109-1024, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington School of Public Health, 1959 NE Pacific St, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
| | - Dijana Plaseska-Karanfilska
- Research Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology 'Georgi DEfremov', Macedonian Academy of Sciences and Arts, Boulevard Krste Petkov Misirkov, 1000, Skopje, Republic of Macedonia
| | - Miranda Pring
- Bristol Dental School, University of Bristol, Lower Maudlin Street, Bristol, BS1 2LY, UK
| | - Darya Prokofyeva
- Department of Genetics and Fundamental Medicine, Bashkir State University, ulZaki Validi 32, Ufa, Russia, 450076
| | - Paolo Radice
- Unit of Molecular Bases of Genetic Risk and Genetic Testing, Department of Research, Fondazione IRCCS (Istituto Di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico) Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori (INT), Via Giacomo Venezian 1, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Kari Stefansson
- Decode genetics, Sturlugata 8, IS-101 Reykjavik, Reykjavik, Iceland, Iceland
| | - Susan J Ramus
- School of Women's and Children's Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of NSW Sydney, 18 High St, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
- The Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, 384 Victoria Street, Sydney, NSW, 2010, Australia
| | - Leon Raskin
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, 1161 21st Ave S # D3300, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA
| | - Gad Rennert
- Clalit National Cancer Control Center, Carmel Medical Center and Technion Faculty of Medicine, 7 Michal Street, 34362, Haifa, Israel
| | - Hedy S Rennert
- Clalit National Cancer Control Center, Carmel Medical Center and Technion Faculty of Medicine, 7 Michal Street, 34362, Haifa, Israel
| | | | - Marjorie J Riggan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Duke University Medical Center, 25171 Morris Bldg, Durham, NC, 27710, USA
| | - Harvey A Risch
- Department of Chronic Disease Epidemiology, Yale School of Public Health, 60 College St, New Haven, CT, 06510, USA
| | - Angela Risch
- Cancer Center Cluster Salzburg at PLUS, Department of Molecular Biology, University of Salzburg, Billrothstr11, 5020, Salzburg, Austria
- Division of Epigenomics and Cancer Risk Factors, DKFZ - German Cancer Research Center, Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
- Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Translational Lung Research Center Heidelberg (TLRC-H), 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Monique J Roobol
- Department of Urology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Wytemaweg 80, 3015 CN, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Barry S Rosenstein
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1425 Madison Avenue, New York, NY, 10029, USA
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1425 Madison Avenue, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Mary Anne Rossing
- Program in Epidemiology, Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, 1100 Fairview Ave N, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, M4 C308, 1100 Fairview Ave N, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA
| | - Kim De Ruyck
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Basic Medical Sciences, Ghent University, De Pintelaan 185, 9000, Gent, Belgium
| | - Emmanouil Saloustros
- Hereditary Cancer Clinic, University Hospital of Heraklion, Voutes, 711 10, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Dale P Sandler
- Epidemiology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, NIH, 111TWAlexander Drive, Research Triangle Park, NC, 27709, USA
| | - Elinor J Sawyer
- Research Oncology, Guy's Hospital, King's College London, Guy's Hospital Great Maze Pond, London, SE1 9RT, UK
| | - Matthew B Schabath
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology, HLee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, 12902 Magnolia Drive, Tampa, FL, 33612, USA
| | - Johanna Schleutker
- Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, 20014, Turku, Finland
- Division of Laboratory, Department of Medical Genetics, Turku University Hospital, 20014, Turku, Finland
- Prostate Cancer Research Center, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences and BioMediTech Institute, University of Tampere, 33014, Tampere, Finland
| | - Marjanka K Schmidt
- Division of Molecular Pathology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute - Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Hospital, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066 CX, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Division of Psychosocial Research and Epidemiology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute - Antoni van Leeuwenhoek hospital, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066 CX, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - V Wendy Setiawan
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, 1450 Biggy Street, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA
| | - Hongbing Shen
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Jiangsu Key Lab of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, 101 Longmian Ave, Jiangning District, 211166, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Erin M Siegel
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, 12902 Magnolia Dr. MRC-CANCONT, Tampa, FL, 33612, USA
| | - Weiva Sieh
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Department of Population Health Science and Policy, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1425 Madison Avenue, 2nd floor, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Christian F Singer
- Dept of OB/GYN and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Martha L Slattery
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Utah Health Sciences Center, 295 Chipeta Way, Salt Lake City, UT, 84132, USA
| | - Karina Dalsgaard Sorensen
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, DK-8200, Aarhus, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, DK-8200, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Melissa C Southey
- Precision Medicine, School of Clinical Sciences at Monash Health, Monash University, 246 Clayton Road, Clayton, VIC, 3168, Australia
- Department of Clinical Pathology, The University of Melbourne, Cnr Grattan Street and Royal Parade, Melbourne, VIC, 3010, Australia
| | - Amanda B Spurdle
- Department of Genetics and Computational Biology, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, 300 Herston Road, Brisbane, QLD, 4006, Australia
| | - Janet L Stanford
- Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, 1100 Fairview Ave. N., Seattle, WA, 98109-1024, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington School of Public Health, 1959 NE Pacific St, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
| | - Victoria L Stevens
- Epidemiology Research Program, American Cancer Society, 250 Williams Street NW, Atlanta, GA, 30303, USA
| | - Sebastian Stintzing
- Department of Medicine III, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Marchioninistr15, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - Jennifer Stone
- Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Level 1, 723 Swanston Street, Melbourne, VIC, 3010, Australia
- The Curtin UWA Centre for Genetic Origins of Health and Disease, Curtin University and University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Hwy, Perth, WA, 6000, Australia
| | - Karin Sundfeldt
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, Inst Clinical Scienses, University of Gothenburg, Blå stråket 6, 41345, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Rebecca Sutphen
- Epidemiology Center, College of Medicine, University of South Florida, 3650 Spectrum Blvd, Suite 100, Tampa, FL, 33612, USA
| | - Anthony J Swerdlow
- Division of Genetics and Epidemiology, The Institute of Cancer Research, 15 Cotswold Road, London, SM2 5NG, UK
- Division of Breast Cancer Research, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, SW7 3RP, UK
| | - Eloiza H Tajara
- Department of Molecular Biology, School of Medicine of São José do Rio Preto, Av Brig Faria Lima 5416 Vila São Pedro, São José do Rio Preto, SP, 15090-000, Brazil
- Department of Genetics and Evolutive Biology, Institute of Biosciences, University of São Paulo, Rua do Matão, 321, São Paulo, SP, 05508-090, Brazil
| | - Catherine M Tangen
- SWOG Statistical Center, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington, 98109, USA
| | - Adonina Tardon
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Oviedo and CIBERESP, Campus del Cristo s/n, 33006, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Jack A Taylor
- Epidemiology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, NIH, 111TWAlexander Drive, Research Triangle Park, NC, 27709, USA
- Epigenetic and Stem Cell Biology Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, NIH, 111TWAlexander Drive, Research Triangle Park, NC, 27709, USA
| | - M Dawn Teare
- Medical Statistics Group, School of Health and Related Research (ScHARR), University of Sheffield, Regent Court, 30 Regent Street, Sheffield, S1 4DA, UK
| | - Manuel R Teixeira
- Department of Genetics, Portuguese Oncology Institute, Rua DrAntónio Bernardino de Almeida 62, 4220-072, Porto, Portugal
- Biomedical Sciences Institute (ICBAS), University of Porto, RJorge de Viterbo Ferreira 228, 4050-013, Porto, Portugal
| | - Mary Beth Terry
- Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, 722 West 168th Street, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Kathryn L Terry
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Epidemiology Center, Brigham and Women's Hospital, 221 Longwood Avenue RFB 368, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- Harvard THChan School of Public Health, 221 Longwood Avenue RFB 368, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Stephen N Thibodeau
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, 200 First StSW, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA
| | - Mads Thomassen
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Odense University Hospital, Sonder Boulevard 29, 5000, Odence C, Denmark
| | - Line Bjørge
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Haukeland University Hospital, 5021, Bergen, Norway
- Centre for Cancer Biomarkers CCBIO, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, 5021, Bergen, Norway
| | - Marc Tischkowitz
- Program in Cancer Genetics, Departments of Human Genetics and Oncology, McGill University, 1001 Decarie Boulevard, Montréal, QC, H4A3J1, Canada
- Department of Medical Genetics, Cambridge University, Hills Road, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Amanda E Toland
- Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, The Ohio State University, 460W12th Avenue, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Diana Torres
- Molecular Genetics of Breast Cancer, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 580, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
- Institute of Human Genetics, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Carrera 7 No40-90, Bogota, Colombia
| | - Paul A Townsend
- Division of Cancer Sciences, Manchester Cancer Research Centre, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, NIHR Manchester Biomedical Research Centre, Health Innovation Manchester, University of Manchester, Manchester, M20 4GJ, UK
| | - Ruth C Travis
- Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7LF, UK
| | - Nadine Tung
- Department of Medical Oncology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, 330 Brookline Avenue, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Shelley S Tworoger
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, 677 Huntington Ave, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology, HLee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, 12902 Magnolia Drive, Tampa, FL, 33612, USA
| | - Cornelia M Ulrich
- Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, 1100 Fairview Ave. N., Seattle, WA, 98109-1024, USA
- Huntsman Cancer Institute and Department of Population Health Sciences, University of Utah, 2000 Circle of Hope, Rm 4125, Salt Lake City, UT, 84112, USA
| | - Nawaid Usmani
- Department of Oncology, Cross Cancer Institute, University of Alberta, 116 St & 85 Ave, Edmonton, AB T6G 2R3, Canada
- Division of Radiation Oncology, Cross Cancer Institute, University of Alberta, 116 St & 85 Ave, Edmonton, AB T6G 2R3, Canada
| | - Celine M Vachon
- Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, 200 First StSW, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA
| | - Els Van Nieuwenhuysen
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology and Leuven Cancer Institute, University Hospitals Leuven, Herestraat 49, 3000, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Ana Vega
- Biomedical Network on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), AvMonforte de Lemos, 3-5Pabellón 11Planta 0, 28029, Madrid, Spain
- Fundación Pública Galega Medicina Xenómica & Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago de Compostela, calle Choupana s/n, 15706, Santiago De Compostela, Spain
| | - Miguel Elías Aguado-Barrera
- Fundación Pública Galega Medicina Xenómica & Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago de Compostela, calle Choupana s/n, 15706, Santiago De Compostela, Spain
| | - Qin Wang
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, 2 Worts' Causeway, Cambridge, CB1 8RN, UK
| | - Penelope M Webb
- Population Health Department, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, 300 Herston Road, Brisbane, QLD, 4006, Australia
| | - Clarice R Weinberg
- Biostatistics and Computational Biology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, NIH, 111TWAlexander Drive, Research Triangle Park, NC, 27709, USA
| | - Stephanie Weinstein
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, 9609 Medical Center Dr, Rockville, MD, 20850, USA
| | - Mark C Weissler
- Department of Otolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, 27514, NC, USA
| | - Jeffrey N Weitzel
- City of Hope Clinical Cancer Genomics Community Research Network, 1500 East Duarte Road, Duarte, CA, 91010, USA
| | - Catharine M L West
- Division of Cancer Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester Cancer Research Centre, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre,, The Christie Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK
| | - Emily White
- Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, 1100 Fairview Ave N, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, 1100 Fairview Ave N, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA
| | - Alice S Whittemore
- Department of Health Research and Policy - Epidemiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, 259 Campus Drive, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
- Department of Biomedical Data Science, Stanford University School of Medicine, 259 Campus Drive, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - H-Erich Wichmann
- Institute of Medical Informatics, Biometry and Epidemiology, Chair of Epidemiology, Ludwig Maximilians University, Neuherberg D-85764, Munich, 803539, Bavaria, Germany
- Helmholtz Zentrum Munchen, German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH), Institute of Epidemiology, Ingolstadter Landstr1, 85764, Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute of Medical Statistics and Epidemiology, Technical University Munich, Munich, 80333, Germany
| | - Fredrik Wiklund
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska Univ Hospital, 171 76, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Robert Winqvist
- Laboratory of Cancer Genetics and Tumor Biology, Cancer and Translational Medicine Research Unit, Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, Aapistie 5A, 90220, Oulu, Finland
- Laboratory of Cancer Genetics and Tumor Biology, Northern Finland Laboratory Centre Oulu, Aapistie 5A, 90220, Oulu, Finland
| | - Alicja Wolk
- Department of Environmental Medicine, Division of Nutritional Epidemiology, Karolinska Institutet, Nobels väg 13, SE-171 77, SE-171, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Uppsala University, 751 85, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Penella Woll
- Academic Unit of Clinical Oncology, University of Sheffield, Weston Park Hospital, Whitham Road, Sheffield, S10 2SJ, UK
| | - Michael Woods
- Discipline of Genetics, Memorial University of Newfoundland, StJohn's, NL, A1C 5S7, Canada
| | - Anna H Wu
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, 1975 Zonal Ave, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA
| | - Xifeng Wu
- Department of Epidemiology, Division of Cancer Prevention and Population Science, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Blvd, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Drakoulis Yannoukakos
- Molecular Diagnostics Laboratory, INRASTES, National Centre for Scientific Research 'Demokritos', Neapoleos 10, AgParaskevi, Athens, 15310, Greece
| | - Wei Zheng
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, 1161 21st Ave S # D3300, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA
| | - Shanbeh Zienolddiny
- National Institute of Occupational Health (STAMI), Gydas vei 8, 0033, Oslo, Norway
| | - Argyrios Ziogas
- Department of Epidemiology, Genetic Epidemiology Research Institute, University of California Irvine, 224 Irvine Hall, Irvine, CA, 92617, USA
| | - Kristin K Zorn
- Magee-Womens Hospital, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, 300 Halket St, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
| | - Jacqueline M Lane
- Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, 75 Ames St, Cambridge, MA, 02142, USA
- Center for Genomic Medicine and Department of Anasthesia, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Richa Saxena
- Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, 75 Ames St, Cambridge, MA, 02142, USA
- Center for Genomic Medicine and Department of Anasthesia, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Duncan Thomas
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, 1975 Zonal Ave, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA
| | - Rayjean J Hung
- Prosserman Centre for Population Health Research, Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Sinai Health System, 60 Murray Street, Toronto, Ontario, M5T 3L9, Canada
- Division of Epidemiology, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, 155 College Street, Toronto, ON, M5T3M7, Canada
| | - Brenda Diergaarde
- Human Genetics, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, UPMC Cancer Pavilion, Suite 4C, Office # 467, 5150 Centre Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA, 15232, USA
- UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, 15232, PA, USA
| | - James McKay
- Genetic Cancer Susceptibility Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer, 150 cours Albert Thomas, 69008, Lyon, France
| | - Ulrike Peters
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington School of Public Health, 1959 NE Pacific St, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
| | - Li Hsu
- Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, 1100 Fairview Ave. N., Seattle, WA, 98109-1024, USA
| | - Montserrat García-Closas
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, 9609 Medical Center Dr, Rockville, MD, 20850, USA
| | - Rosalind A Eeles
- Division of Genetics and Epidemiology, The Institute of Cancer Research, 15 Cotswold Road, London, SM2 5NG, UK
- Oncogenetics Team, The Institute of Cancer Research and Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, Downs Road, Sutton, SM2 5NG, UK
| | - Georgia Chenevix-Trench
- Department of Genetics and Computational Biology, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, 300 Herston Road, Brisbane, QLD, 4006, Australia
| | - Paul J Brennan
- Section of Genetics, International Agency for Research on Cancer, 150 cours Albert Thomas, 69008, Lyon, France
| | - Christopher A Haiman
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles, CA, 48109, USA
| | - Jacques Simard
- Genomics Center, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec - Université Laval Research Center, 2705 Laurier Boulevard, Québec City, QC, G1V4G2, Canada
| | - Douglas F Easton
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, 2 Worts' Causeway, Cambridge, CB1 8RN, UK
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, 2 Worts' Causeway, Cambridge, CB1 8RN, UK
| | - Stephen B Gruber
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, 1975 Zonal Ave, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA
| | - Paul D P Pharoah
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, 2 Worts' Causeway, Cambridge, CB1 8RN, UK
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, 2 Worts' Causeway, Cambridge, CB1 8RN, UK
| | - Alkes L Price
- Program in Genetic Epidemiology and Statistical Genetics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, 677 Huntington Ave, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, 677 Huntington Ave, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, 75 Ames St, Cambridge, MA, 02142, USA
| | - Bogdan Pasaniuc
- UCLA Path and Lab Med, University of California, 10833 Le Conte Ave, Los Angeles, CA, 190095, USA
| | - Christopher I Amos
- Department of Medicine, Epidemiology Section, Institute for Clinical and Translational Research, Baylor Medical College, One Baylor Plaza, MS: BCM451, Suite 100D, Houston, TX, 77030-3411, USA
| | - Peter Kraft
- Program in Genetic Epidemiology and Statistical Genetics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, 677 Huntington Ave, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, 677 Huntington Ave, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.
| | - Sara Lindström
- Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, 1100 Fairview Ave. N., Seattle, WA, 98109-1024, USA.
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington School of Public Health, 1959 NE Pacific St, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA.
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Abrahão R, Anantharaman D, Gaborieau V, Abedi-Ardekani B, Lagiou P, Lagiou A, Ahrens W, Holcatova I, Betka J, Merletti F, Richiardi L, Kjaerheim K, Serraino D, Polesel J, Simonato L, Alemany L, Agudo Trigueros A, Macfarlane TV, Macfarlane GJ, Znaor A, Robinson M, Canova C, Conway DI, Wright S, Healy CM, Toner M, Cadoni G, Boccia S, Gheit T, Tommasino M, Scelo G, Brennan P. The influence of smoking, age and stage at diagnosis on the survival after larynx, hypopharynx and oral cavity cancers in Europe: The ARCAGE study. Int J Cancer 2018; 143:32-44. [PMID: 29405297 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.31294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2017] [Revised: 01/19/2018] [Accepted: 01/23/2018] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Head and neck cancer (HNC) is a preventable malignancy that continues to cause substantial morbidity and mortality worldwide. Using data from the ARCAGE and Rome studies, we investigated the main predictors of survival after larynx, hypopharynx and oral cavity (OC) cancers. We used the Kaplan-Meier method to estimate overall survival, and Cox proportional models to examine the relationship between survival and sociodemographic and clinical characteristics. 604 larynx, 146 hypopharynx and 460 OC cancer cases were included in this study. Over a median follow-up time of 4.6 years, nearly 50% (n = 586) of patients died. Five-year survival was 65% for larynx, 55% for OC and 35% for hypopharynx cancers. In a multivariable analysis, we observed an increased mortality risk among older (≥71 years) versus younger (≤50 years) patients with larynx/hypopharynx combined (LH) and OC cancers [HR = 1.61, 95% CI 1.09-2.38 (LH) and HR = 2.12, 95% CI 1.35-3.33 (OC)], current versus never smokers [HR = 2.67, 95% CI 1.40-5.08 (LH) and HR = 2.16, 95% CI 1.32-3.54 (OC)] and advanced versus early stage disease at diagnosis [IV versus I, HR = 2.60, 95% CI 1.78-3.79 (LH) and HR = 3.17, 95% CI 2.05-4.89 (OC)]. Survival was not associated with sex, alcohol consumption, education, oral health, p16 expression, presence of HPV infection or body mass index 2 years before cancer diagnosis. Despite advances in diagnosis and therapeutic modalities, survival after HNC remains low in Europe. In addition to the recognized prognostic effect of stage at diagnosis, smoking history and older age at diagnosis are important prognostic indicators for HNC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renata Abrahão
- Genetic Epidemiology Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Devasena Anantharaman
- Cancer Research Program, Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India
| | - Valérie Gaborieau
- Genetic Epidemiology Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Behnoush Abedi-Ardekani
- Genetic Cancer Susceptibility Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Pagona Lagiou
- Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, University of Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece
| | - Areti Lagiou
- Department of Public Health and Community Health, School of Health Professions, Athens University of Applied Sciences, Athens, Greece
| | - Wolfgang Ahrens
- Leibniz Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology - BIPS, Bremen, Germany
- Institute of Statistics, Faculty of Mathematics and Computer Science, University Bremen, Bremen, Germany
| | - Ivana Holcatova
- Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology, 1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University of Prague, Prage, Czech Republic
| | - Jaroslav Betka
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, 1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University of Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Franco Merletti
- Unit of Cancer Epidemiology, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Richiardi
- Unit of Cancer Epidemiology, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | | | - Diego Serraino
- Unit of Cancer Epidemiology, Aviano National Cancer Institute, IRCCS, Aviano, Italy
| | - Jerry Polesel
- Unit of Cancer Epidemiology, Aviano National Cancer Institute, IRCCS, Aviano, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Simonato
- Department of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Laia Alemany
- Institut Català d'Oncologia, IDIBELL, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Catalonia, Spain
- CIBER en Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Tatiana V Macfarlane
- Epidemiology Group, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, United Kingdom
- Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, University of Dundee, Dundee, United Kingdom
| | - Gary J Macfarlane
- Epidemiology Group, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, United Kingdom
| | - Ariana Znaor
- Cancer Surveillance Section, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Max Robinson
- Center for Oral Health Research, Newcastle University, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Cristina Canova
- Department of Cardiac, Thoracic and Vascular Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - David I Conway
- School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Nursing, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Sylvia Wright
- Department of Pathology, Queen Elizabeth University Hospital, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Claire M Healy
- Trinity College School of Dental Science, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Mary Toner
- Trinity College School of Dental Science, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Gabriella Cadoni
- Institute of Othorinolaringoiatry, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Fondazione Policlinico 'Agostino Gemelli', Rome, Italy
| | - Stefania Boccia
- Section of Hygiene - Institute of Public Health, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Fondazione Policlinico 'Agostino Gemelli', Rome, Italy
| | - Tarik Gheit
- Infections and Cancer Biology Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Massimo Tommasino
- Infections and Cancer Biology Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Ghislaine Scelo
- Genetic Epidemiology Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Paul Brennan
- Genetic Epidemiology Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
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Leoncini E, Vukovic V, Cadoni G, Giraldi L, Pastorino R, Arzani D, Petrelli L, Wünsch-Filho V, Toporcov TN, Moyses RA, Matsuo K, Bosetti C, La Vecchia C, Serraino D, Simonato L, Merletti F, Boffetta P, Hashibe M, Lee YCA, Boccia S. Tumour stage and gender predict recurrence and second primary malignancies in head and neck cancer: a multicentre study within the INHANCE consortium. Eur J Epidemiol 2018; 33:1205-1218. [PMID: 29779202 PMCID: PMC6290648 DOI: 10.1007/s10654-018-0409-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2017] [Accepted: 05/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Recurrence and second primary cancer (SPC) continue to represent major obstacles to long-term survival in head and neck cancer (HNC). Our aim was to evaluate whether established demographics, lifestyle-related risk factors for HNC and clinical data are associated with recurrence and SPC in HNC. We conducted a multicentre study by using data from five studies members of the International Head and Neck Cancer Epidemiology consortium—Milan, Rome, Western Europe, Sao Paulo, and Japan, totalling 4005 HNC cases with a median age of 59 (interquartile range 52–67). Multivariate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated for recurrence and SPC. During follow-up, 1161 (29%) patients had recurrence and 343 (8.6%) developed SPC. Advanced tumour stage was associated with increased risk of recurrence in HNC overall (HR = 1.76, 95% CI 1.41–2.19). Women with laryngeal cancer had a reduced risk of recurrence compared to men (HR = 0.39, 95% CI: 0.24–0.74). Concerning predictors of SPC, advanced age (HR = 1.02; 95% CI: 1.00–1.04) and alcohol consumption (> 1 drink per day, HR = 2.11; 95% CI: 1.13–3.94) increased the risk of SPC among patients with laryngeal cancer. Additionally, women were at higher risk of SPC, in HNC overall group (HR = 1.68; 95% CI: 1.13–2.51) and oropharyngeal cancer group (HR = 1.74; 95% CI: 1.02–2.98). Tumour stage and male gender (larynx only) were positive predictors of cancer recurrence in HNC patients. Predictors of SPC were advanced age and alcohol use among laryngeal cancer cases, and female gender for oropharyngeal and HNC overall.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emanuele Leoncini
- Section of Hygiene, Institute of Public Health, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Vladimir Vukovic
- Section of Hygiene, Institute of Public Health, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Gabriella Cadoni
- Institute of Otorhinolaryngology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Luca Giraldi
- Section of Hygiene, Institute of Public Health, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Roberta Pastorino
- Section of Hygiene, Institute of Public Health, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Dario Arzani
- Section of Hygiene, Institute of Public Health, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Livia Petrelli
- Institute of Otorhinolaryngology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | | | | | - Raquel Ayub Moyses
- Cirurgia de Cabeça e Pescoço (LIM 28), Faculdade de Medicina, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Cristina Bosetti
- Department of Oncology, IRCCS-Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri, Milan, Italy
| | - Carlo La Vecchia
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Diego Serraino
- SOC Epidemiologia e Biostatistica, IRCCS Centro di Riferimento Oncologico, Aviano, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Simonato
- Laboratory of Public Health and Population Studies, Department of Molecular Medicine, Padua, Italy
| | - Franco Merletti
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Paolo Boffetta
- The Tisch Cancer Institute and Institute of Translational Epidemiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Mia Hashibe
- Division of Public Health, Department of Family and Preventive Medicine and Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Yuan-Chin Amy Lee
- Division of Public Health, Department of Family and Preventive Medicine, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Stefania Boccia
- Section of Hygiene, Institute of Public Health, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Fondazione Policlinico "Agostino Gemelli" IRCCS, Largo F. Vito, 1, 00168, Rome, Italy.
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17
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Giraldi L, Panic N, Cadoni G, Boccia S, Leoncini E. Association between Mediterranean diet and head and neck cancer: results of a large case-control study in Italy. Eur J Cancer Prev 2018; 26:418-423. [PMID: 27483412 DOI: 10.1097/cej.0000000000000277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The Mediterranean diet (MD) is a known protective factor for head and neck cancer (HNC); however, there is still a lack of studies investigating this association by HNC subsite. The aim of the present study was therefore to evaluate the association between adherence to MD and HNC overall and by cancer subsite, as well as the effect of the individual food components on HNC risk. A case-control study was carried out at the Gemelli Hospital of Rome (Italy). A total of 500 HNC cases and 433 controls were interviewed. Dietary intake was assessed through a validated food frequency questionnaire that collected information on over 25 food items. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) of HNC were calculated using a multiple logistic regression model. We found a reduced risk of both oral cavity and pharynx cancer (OR=0.61; CI: 0.54-0.70) and larynx cancer (OR=0.64; CI: 0.56-0.73) with increasing adherence to MD. We also found a high consumption of fruit, vegetables, and legumes to be significantly associated with a lower risk of larynx as well as oral cavity and pharynx cancers. Our study showed that adherence to MD acts protectively against HNC overall and by cancer subsite.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luca Giraldi
- aSection of Hygiene, Institute of Public Health bInstitute of Otorhinolaryngology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
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18
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Cadoni G, Giraldi L, Petrelli L, Pandolfini M, Giuliani M, Paludetti G, Pastorino R, Leoncini E, Arzani D, Almadori G, Boccia S. Prognostic factors in head and neck cancer: a 10-year retrospective analysis in a single-institution in Italy. Acta Otorhinolaryngol Ital 2017; 37:458-466. [PMID: 28663597 PMCID: PMC5782422 DOI: 10.14639/0392-100x-1246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2016] [Accepted: 01/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
This study was undertaken to evaluate the association between demographics, lifestyle habits, and clinical data and overall survival (OS), recurrence and second primary cancer (SPC) in patients with first primary head and neck cancer (HNC). We retrospectively reviewed data from 482 patients treated at the "Agostino Gemelli" Teaching Hospital, Rome, between 2002-2012 for primary HNC. Individual parameters were evaluated for association with specific outcomes such as OS, cancer recurrence and second primary cancer (SPC) appearance using hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Five-year OS was 60.6% for all HNC cases, 49.0% for oral cavity, 54.8% for oropharynx, 50.0% for hypopharynx and 63.4% for larynx. Predictors of OS were older age (HR = 1.04; 95% CI: 1.02-1.05) and advanced tumour stage (HR = 2.00; 95% CI: 1.41-2.84). The risk of recurrence was associated with drinking 8-14 drinks per week (HR = 1.73; 95% CI: 1.00-2.97). The risk of developing SPC increased with advanced tumour stage (HR = 2.75; 95% CI: 1.39-5.44) and with smoking for more than 40 years (HR = 3.68; 95% CI: 1.10-12.30). OS differed among HNC sites. Increasing age was an unfavourable predictor of HNC OS. Tumour stage was a prognostic factor both for OS and for risk of developing SPC. Alcohol and tobacco consumption were prognostic factors for recurrence and SPC, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- G. Cadoni
- Institute of Otorhinolaryngology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario "Agostino Gemelli", Rome, Italy
| | - L. Giraldi
- Section of Hygiene, Institute of Public Health, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - L. Petrelli
- Institute of Otorhinolaryngology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario "Agostino Gemelli", Rome, Italy
| | - M. Pandolfini
- Institute of Otorhinolaryngology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario "Agostino Gemelli", Rome, Italy
| | - M. Giuliani
- Institute of Otorhinolaryngology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario "Agostino Gemelli", Rome, Italy
| | - G. Paludetti
- Institute of Otorhinolaryngology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario "Agostino Gemelli", Rome, Italy
| | - R. Pastorino
- Section of Hygiene, Institute of Public Health, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - E. Leoncini
- Section of Hygiene, Institute of Public Health, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - D. Arzani
- Section of Hygiene, Institute of Public Health, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - G. Almadori
- Institute of Otorhinolaryngology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario "Agostino Gemelli", Rome, Italy
| | - S. Boccia
- Section of Hygiene, Institute of Public Health, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario "Agostino Gemelli", Rome, Italy
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19
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Giraldi L, Leoncini E, Pastorino R, Wünsch-Filho V, de Carvalho M, Lopez R, Cadoni G, Arzani D, Petrelli L, Matsuo K, Bosetti C, La Vecchia C, Garavello W, Polesel J, Serraino D, Simonato L, Canova C, Richiardi L, Boffetta P, Hashibe M, Lee YCA, Boccia S. Alcohol and cigarette consumption predict mortality in patients with head and neck cancer: a pooled analysis within the International Head and Neck Cancer Epidemiology (INHANCE) Consortium. Ann Oncol 2017; 28:2843-2851. [PMID: 28945835 PMCID: PMC5834132 DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdx486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study evaluated whether demographics, pre-diagnosis lifestyle habits and clinical data are associated with the overall survival (OS) and head and neck cancer (HNC)-specific survival in patients with HNC. PATIENTS AND METHODS We conducted a pooled analysis, including 4759 HNC patients from five studies within the International Head and Neck Cancer Epidemiology (INHANCE) Consortium. Cox proportional hazard ratios (HRs) and the corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated including terms reported significantly associated with the survival in the univariate analysis. RESULTS Five-year OS was 51.4% for all HNC sites combined: 50.3% for oral cavity, 41.1% for oropharynx, 35.0% for hypopharynx and 63.9% for larynx. When we considered HNC-specific survival, 5-year survival rates were 57.4% for all HNC combined: 54.6% for oral cavity, 45.4% for oropharynx, 37.1% for hypopharynx and 72.3% for larynx. Older ages at diagnosis and advanced tumour staging were unfavourable predictors of OS and HNC-specific survival. In laryngeal cancer, low educational level was an unfavourable prognostic factor for OS (HR = 2.54, 95% CI 1.01-6.38, for high school or lower versus college graduate), and status and intensity of alcohol drinking were prognostic factors both of the OS (current drinkers HR = 1.73, 95% CI 1.16-2.58) and HNC-specific survival (current drinkers HR = 2.11, 95% CI 1.22-3.66). In oropharyngeal cancer, smoking status was an independent prognostic factors for OS. Smoking intensity (>20 cigarettes/day HR = 1.41, 95% CI 1.03-1.92) was also an independent prognostic factor for OS in patients with cancer of the oral cavity. CONCLUSIONS OS and HNC-specific survival differ among HNC sites. Pre-diagnosis cigarette smoking is a prognostic factor of the OS for patients with cancer of the oral cavity and oropharynx, whereas pre-diagnosis alcohol drinking is a prognostic factor of OS and HNC-specific survival for patients with cancer of the larynx. Low educational level is an unfavourable prognostic factor for OS in laryngeal cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Giraldi
- Section of Hygiene, Institute of Public Health, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - E Leoncini
- Section of Hygiene, Institute of Public Health, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - R Pastorino
- Section of Hygiene, Institute of Public Health, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy.
| | - V Wünsch-Filho
- Public Health, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - M de Carvalho
- Department of Head and Neck, Heliopolis Hospital, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - R Lopez
- Cancer Institute of the State of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - G Cadoni
- Institute of Otorhinolaryngology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - D Arzani
- Section of Hygiene, Institute of Public Health, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - L Petrelli
- Institute of Otorhinolaryngology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - K Matsuo
- Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute, Nagoya, Japan
| | - C Bosetti
- Department of Epidemiology, IRCCS-Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri, Milan, Italy
| | - C La Vecchia
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - W Garavello
- School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano Bicocca, Milan, Italy
| | - J Polesel
- Unit of Cancer Epidemiology, CRO Aviano National Cancer Institute, Aviano, Italy
| | - D Serraino
- Unit of Cancer Epidemiology, CRO Aviano National Cancer Institute, Aviano, Italy
| | - L Simonato
- Department of Cardiologic, Vascular, Thoracic Sciences and Public Health of the University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - C Canova
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - L Richiardi
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - P Boffetta
- The Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, NY, USA; Institute of Translational Epidemiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - M Hashibe
- Division of Public Health, Department of Family & Preventive Medicine, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah; Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, USA
| | - Y C A Lee
- Division of Public Health, Department of Family & Preventive Medicine, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - S Boccia
- Section of Hygiene, Institute of Public Health, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Fondazione Policlinico "A. Gemelli," Rome, Italy
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20
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Pastorino R, Giraldi L, Leoncini E, Vukovic V, Cadoni G, Boccia S. Survival, recurrence and second primary malignancies in HNC cancer: a multicentre study. Eur J Public Health 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/eurpub/ckx187.463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- R Pastorino
- Section of Hygiene, Institute of Public Health, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - L Giraldi
- Section of Hygiene, Institute of Public Health, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - E Leoncini
- Section of Hygiene, Institute of Public Health, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - V Vukovic
- Section of Hygiene, Institute of Public Health, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - G Cadoni
- Section of Hygiene, Institute of Public Health, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - S Boccia
- Section of Hygiene, Institute of Public Health, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
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21
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Hashim D, Sartori S, La Vecchia C, Serraino D, Maso LD, Negri E, Smith E, Levi F, Boccia S, Cadoni G, Luu HN, Lee YCA, Hashibe M, Boffetta P. Hormone factors play a favorable role in female head and neck cancer risk. Cancer Med 2017; 6:1998-2007. [PMID: 28707400 PMCID: PMC5548879 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.1136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2017] [Revised: 06/01/2017] [Accepted: 06/05/2017] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Due to lower female incidence, estimates of exogenous and endogenous hormonal factors in head and neck cancers (HNCs, comprising cancers of the oral cavity, oropharynx, hypopharynx, and larynx) among women have been inconsistent and unable to account for key HNC risk factors. We pooled data from 11 studies from Europe, North America, and Japan. Analysis included 1572 HNC female cases and 4343 controls. Pooled odds ratios (ORs) estimates and their 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated using multivariate logistic regression models adjusting for tobacco smoking and alcohol drinking. Lower risk was observed in women who used hormone replacement therapy (HRT) (OR = 0.58; 95% CI: 0.34–0.77). Pregnancy (OR = 0.61; 95% CI: 0.42–0.90) and giving birth (OR = 0.59; 95% CI: 0.38–0.90) at <35 years of age were inversely associated with HNCs. An inverse association with HNC was observed with age at start of HRT use (OR = 0.59; 95% CI: 0.39–0.90) for each additional 10 years and with duration of use (OR = 0.87; 95% CI: 0.76–0.99 for every 3 years). Exogenous female hormone use is associated with a nearly twofold risk reduction in female HNCs. The lower female HNC incidence may, in part, be explained by endogenous and exogenous estrogen exposures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dana Hashim
- The Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Samantha Sartori
- The Zena and Michael A. Weiner Cardiovascular Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Carlo La Vecchia
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Diego Serraino
- Unit of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, CRO Aviano, National Cancer Institute, IRCCS, Aviano, Italy
| | - Luigino Dal Maso
- Unit of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, CRO Aviano, National Cancer Institute, IRCCS, Aviano, Italy
| | - Eva Negri
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Elaine Smith
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Iowa College of Public Health, Iowa City, Iowa
| | - Fabio Levi
- Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine (IUMSP), Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Stefania Boccia
- The Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York.,Section of Hygiene, Public Health Institute, Catholic University, Rome, Italy
| | - Gabriella Cadoni
- Head and Neck Surgery Department, Institute of Otorhinolaryngology, Catholic University, Rome, Italy
| | - Hung N Luu
- Division of Epidemiology, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee.,Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida
| | - Yuan-Chin Amy Lee
- Department of Family and Preventive Medicine and Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Mia Hashibe
- Department of Family and Preventive Medicine and Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Paolo Boffetta
- The Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
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Anantharaman D, Abedi-Ardekani B, Beachler DC, Gheit T, Olshan AF, Wisniewski K, Wunsch-Filho V, Toporcov TN, Tajara EH, Levi JE, Moyses RA, Boccia S, Cadoni G, Rindi G, Ahrens W, Merletti F, Conway DI, Wright S, Carreira C, Renard H, Chopard P, McKay-Chopin S, Scelo G, Tommasino M, Brennan P, D’Souza G. Geographic heterogeneity in the prevalence of human papillomavirus in head and neck cancer. Int J Cancer 2017; 140:1968-1975. [PMID: 28108990 PMCID: PMC8969079 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.30608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2016] [Revised: 10/11/2016] [Accepted: 12/05/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Human papillomavirus (HPV) causes oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC), although strongly divergent results have been reported regarding the prevalence of HPV16 in different countries, whether this represents important differences in etiology remains unclear. Applying rigorous protocols for sample processing, we centrally evaluated 1,420 head and neck tumors (533 oropharynx, 395 oral cavity and 482 larynx) from studies conducted in the US, Europe and Brazil for mucosal HPV DNA and p16INK4a expression to evaluate regional heterogeneity in the proportion of HPV16-associated OPSCC and other head and neck cancer, and to assess covariates associated with the risk of HPV16-positive OPSCC. While majority of OPSCC in the US (60%) were HPV16-positive, this proportion was 31% in Europe and only 4% in Brazil (p < 0.01). Similar differences were observed for other head and neck tumors, ranging from 7% in the US and 5% in Europe, to 0% in South America. The odds of HPV16-positive OPSCC declined with increasing pack years of smoking (OR: 0.75; 95% CI: 0.64-0.87) and drink years of alcohol use (OR: 0.64; 95% CI: 0.54-0.76). These results suggest that while the contribution of HPV16 is substantial for the oropharynx, it remains limited for oral cavity and laryngeal cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Daniel C. Beachler
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD
| | - Tarik Gheit
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Andrew F. Olshan
- Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC
| | - Kathy Wisniewski
- Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC
| | - Victor Wunsch-Filho
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Tatiana N. Toporcov
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Eloiza H. Tajara
- Department of Genetics and Evolutionary Biology, Institute of Bioscience, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
- Department of Molecular Biology, School of Medicine of São José do Rio Preto, São José do Rio Preto, Brasil
| | - José Eduardo Levi
- Virology Laboratory, Tropical Medicine Institute, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Raquel A. Moyses
- Division of Head and Neck, Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Stefania Boccia
- Section of Hygiene-Institute of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Gabriella Cadoni
- Institute of Otorhinolaryngology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Guido Rindi
- Institute of Anatomic Pathology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Wolfgang Ahrens
- Leibniz Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology–BIPS, Bremen, Germany
- Institute for Statistics, University Bremen, Bremen, Germany
| | - Franco Merletti
- Department of Medical Sciences, CeRMS and University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - David I. Conway
- Dental School, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Sylvia Wright
- Department of Pathology, Queen Elizabeth University Hospital, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | | | - Helene Renard
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | | | | | | | | | - Paul Brennan
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
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D'Souza G, Anantharaman D, Gheit T, Abedi-Ardekani B, Beachler DC, Conway DI, Olshan AF, Wunsch-Filho V, Toporcov TN, Ahrens W, Wisniewski K, Merletti F, Boccia S, Tajara EH, Zevallos JP, Levi JE, Weissler MC, Wright S, Scelo G, Mazul AL, Tommasino M, Cadoni G, Brennan P. Corrigendum to 'Effect of HPV on head and neck cancer patient survival, by region and tumor site: A comparison of 1362 cases across three continents' [Oral Oncol. 62 (2016) 20-27]. Oral Oncol 2017; 65:e1. [PMID: 28043765 PMCID: PMC5755376 DOI: 10.1016/j.oraloncology.2016.12.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gypsyamber D'Souza
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA.
| | - Devasena Anantharaman
- Genetic Epidemiology Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Tarik Gheit
- Infections and Cancer Biology Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Behnoush Abedi-Ardekani
- Genetic Cancer Susceptibility Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Daniel C Beachler
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - David I Conway
- School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Nursing, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Andrew F Olshan
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Victor Wunsch-Filho
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Tatiana N Toporcov
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Wolfgang Ahrens
- Leibniz Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology - BIPS, Bremen, Germany; Institute for Statistics, University Bremen, Bremen, Germany
| | - Kathy Wisniewski
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Franco Merletti
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Stefania Boccia
- Section of Hygiene-Institute of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Eloiza H Tajara
- Department of Molecular Biology, Faculdade de Medicina de São José do Rio Preto, São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Jose P Zevallos
- Department of Otolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - José Eduardo Levi
- Virology Lab, Tropical Medicine Institute, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Mark C Weissler
- Department of Otolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Sylvia Wright
- Department of Pathology, Queen Elizabeth University Hospital, Glasgow, UK
| | - Ghislaine Scelo
- Genetic Epidemiology Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Angela L Mazul
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Massimo Tommasino
- Infections and Cancer Biology Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Gabriella Cadoni
- Head and Neck Surgery Department, Institute of Otorhinolaryngology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Fondazione Policlinico "A. Gemelli", Rome, Italy
| | - Paul Brennan
- Genetic Epidemiology Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France.
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Lesseur C, Diergaarde B, Olshan AF, Wünsch-Filho V, Ness AR, Liu G, Lacko M, Eluf-Neto J, Franceschi S, Lagiou P, Macfarlane GJ, Richiardi L, Boccia S, Polesel J, Kjaerheim K, Zaridze D, Johansson M, Menezes AM, Curado MP, Robinson M, Ahrens W, Canova C, Znaor A, Castellsagué X, Conway DI, Holcátová I, Mates D, Vilensky M, Healy CM, Szeszenia-Dąbrowska N, Fabiánová E, Lissowska J, Grandis JR, Weissler MC, Tajara EH, Nunes FD, de Carvalho MB, Thomas S, Hung RJ, Peters WHM, Herrero R, Cadoni G, Bueno-de-Mesquita HB, Steffen A, Agudo A, Shangina O, Xiao X, Gaborieau V, Chabrier A, Anantharaman D, Boffetta P, Amos CI, McKay JD, Brennan P. Genome-wide association analyses identify new susceptibility loci for oral cavity and pharyngeal cancer. Nat Genet 2016; 48:1544-1550. [PMID: 27749845 PMCID: PMC5131845 DOI: 10.1038/ng.3685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 134] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2016] [Accepted: 09/01/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
We conducted a genome-wide association study of oral cavity and pharyngeal cancer in 6,034 cases and 6,585 controls from Europe, North America and South America. We detected eight significantly associated loci (P < 5 × 10-8), seven of which are new for these cancer sites. Oral and pharyngeal cancers combined were associated with loci at 6p21.32 (rs3828805, HLA-DQB1), 10q26.13 (rs201982221, LHPP) and 11p15.4 (rs1453414, OR52N2-TRIM5). Oral cancer was associated with two new regions, 2p23.3 (rs6547741, GPN1) and 9q34.12 (rs928674, LAMC3), and with known cancer-related loci-9p21.3 (rs8181047, CDKN2B-AS1) and 5p15.33 (rs10462706, CLPTM1L). Oropharyngeal cancer associations were limited to the human leukocyte antigen (HLA) region, and classical HLA allele imputation showed a protective association with the class II haplotype HLA-DRB1*1301-HLA-DQA1*0103-HLA-DQB1*0603 (odds ratio (OR) = 0.59, P = 2.7 × 10-9). Stratified analyses on a subgroup of oropharyngeal cases with information available on human papillomavirus (HPV) status indicated that this association was considerably stronger in HPV-positive (OR = 0.23, P = 1.6 × 10-6) than in HPV-negative (OR = 0.75, P = 0.16) cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Corina Lesseur
- International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC/WHO), Lyon,
France
| | - Brenda Diergaarde
- Department of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health,
University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Andrew F Olshan
- Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health,
University of North Carolina, NC, USA
- UNC Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, Chapel Hill, NC,
USA
| | - Victor Wünsch-Filho
- Faculdade de Saúde Pública, Universidade de São
Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Andrew R Ness
- National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Biomedical Research Unit in Nutrition, Diet and Lifestyle at the University Hospitals Bristol NHS Foundation Trust and the University of Bristol , Bristol, UK
- University of Bristol and School of Oral and Dental Sciences,
University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Geoffrey Liu
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Martin Lacko
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery,
Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - José Eluf-Neto
- Departamento de Medicina Preventiva, Faculdade de Medicina da
Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Silvia Franceschi
- International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC/WHO), Lyon,
France
| | - Pagona Lagiou
- Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, School
of Medicine, National Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Gary J Macfarlane
- School of Medicine, Medical Sciences and Nutrition, University of
Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK
| | | | - Stefania Boccia
- Section of Hygiene, Institute of Public Health, Università
Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Fondazione Policlinico ‘Agostino Gemelli’,
Rome, Italy
| | - Jerry Polesel
- Unit of Cancer Epidemiology, CRO Aviano National Cancer Institute,
Aviano, Italy
| | | | - David Zaridze
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention, Institute of
Carcinogenesis, N.N. Blokhin Russian Cancer Research Centre of the Russian Ministry
of Health, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Mattias Johansson
- International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC/WHO), Lyon,
France
| | - Ana M Menezes
- Programa de Pós-Graduacão em Epidemiologia, Universidade Federal de Pelotas (UFPel), Pelotas, Brazil
| | - Maria Paula Curado
- Epidemiology, International Center for Research (CIPE), A.C.Camargo
Cancer Center, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Max Robinson
- Centre for Oral Health Research, Newcastle University, Newcastle,
UK
| | - Wolfgang Ahrens
- Leibniz Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology - BIPS, Bremen, Germany
| | - Cristina Canova
- Deparment of Molecular Medicine, University of Padova, Padova,
Italy
| | - Ariana Znaor
- International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC/WHO), Lyon,
France
- Croatian National Institute of Public Health, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Xavier Castellsagué
- Institut Català d’Oncologia (ICO)-DIBELL, CIBER-ESP,
L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Catalonia, Spain
| | - David I Conway
- School of Medicine, Dentistry and Nursing, University of Glasgow, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
- NHS NSS National Services Scotland, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Ivana Holcátová
- Institute of Hygiene & Epidemiology 1st Faculty of Medicine,
Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Dana Mates
- National Institute of Public Health, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Marta Vilensky
- Instituto de Oncologia “Angel H Roffo“, Universidad
de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Claire M Healy
- Trinity College School of Dental Science, Dublin, Ireland
| | | | | | - Jolanta Lissowska
- The Maria Skłodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Centre and
Institute of Oncology (MCMCC), Warsaw, Poland
| | - Jennifer R Grandis
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
- Clinical Translational Science Institute, University of California
at San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Mark C Weissler
- Department of Otolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery, University of
North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Eloiza H Tajara
- Department of Molecular Biology, School of Medicine of São
José do Rio Preto, São José do Rio Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Fabio D Nunes
- Department of Stomatology, School of Dentistry, University of
São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Steve Thomas
- University of Bristol and School of Oral and Dental Sciences,
University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Rayjean J Hung
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Wilbert H M Peters
- Department of Gastroenterology, Radboud University Nijmegen, Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Rolando Herrero
- International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC/WHO), Lyon,
France
| | - Gabriella Cadoni
- Department for Determinants of Chronic Diseases (DCD), National
Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven, Netherlands
| | - H Bas Bueno-de-Mesquita
- Department for Determinants of Chronic Diseases (DCD), National
Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven, Netherlands
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Annika Steffen
- German Institute of Human Nutrition in Potsdam-Rehbruecke (DIfE), Nuthetal, Germany
| | - Antonio Agudo
- Unit of Nutrition and Cancer, Cancer Epidemiology Research Program, Institut Català d’Oncologia (ICO)-IDIBELL, l’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Oxana Shangina
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention, Institute of
Carcinogenesis, N.N. Blokhin Russian Cancer Research Centre of the Russian Ministry
of Health, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Xiangjun Xiao
- Department of Community and Family Medicine, Geisel School of Medicine, Dartmouth College, Lebanon, New Hampshire, USA
| | - Valérie Gaborieau
- International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC/WHO), Lyon,
France
| | - Amélie Chabrier
- International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC/WHO), Lyon,
France
| | | | - Paolo Boffetta
- Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Christopher I Amos
- Department of Community and Family Medicine, Geisel School of Medicine, Dartmouth College, Lebanon, New Hampshire, USA
| | - James D McKay
- International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC/WHO), Lyon,
France
| | - Paul Brennan
- International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC/WHO), Lyon,
France
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriella Cadoni
- From the Institute of Otorhinolaryngology, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart
| | - Giuseppe Bucci
- From the Institute of Otorhinolaryngology, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart
| | - Luigi Corina
- From the Institute of Otorhinolaryngology, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart
| | - Emanuele Scarano
- From the Institute of Otorhinolaryngology, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart
| | - Giovanni Almadori
- From the Institute of Otorhinolaryngology, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart
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Cadoni G, Scipione S, Rocca B, Agostino S, La Greca C, Bonvissuto D, Paludetti G. Lack of Association between Inherited Thrombophilic Risk Factors and Idiopathic Sudden Sensorineural Hearing Loss in Italian Patients. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol 2016; 115:195-200. [PMID: 16572609 DOI: 10.1177/000348940611500307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Objectives: We investigated the presence of congenital thrombophilic risk factors in a population of consecutive Italian patients affected by idiopathic sudden sensorineural hearing loss (SSNHL). Methods: We investigated 48 patients with idiopathic SSNHL for the presence of congenital thrombophilic risk factors. The factor V Leiden G1691A, the prothrombin G20210A allele, and methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) C677T genotypes were investigated. Allele frequencies and genotype distribution of all factors found in patients were compared to those of 48 healthy subjects of the same ethnic background by χ2 and odds-ratio analysis. Odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals were calculated for allele and genotype frequencies of all thrombophilia variants. Statistical significance was accepted with a p value of less than .05. We also performed the following blood tests: hemacytometric analysis including platelet count, prothrombin time, activated partial thromboplastin time, fibrinogen, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, C-reactive protein, protein S, protein C, antithrombin III, and activated protein C resistance. Results: In our series, we did not find an association between SSNHL and abnormal levels of antithrombin III, protein C, protein S, D-dimer, or fibrinogen; activated protein C resistance; or factor V G1691 A, prothrombin G20210A, or MTHFR C677T mutations. Conclusions: At present, the few studies regarding genetic polymorphisms of congenital thrombophilic factors in SSNHL are not conclusive. According to our data, factor V G1691A, prothrombin G20210A, and MTHFR C677T variants should be not considered risk factors for SSNHL. Further large prospective studies are needed to provide currently lacking information and to improve our knowledge in the field before we recommend the determination of genetic polymorphism in SSNHL as routine practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriella Cadoni
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy
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Berthiller J, Straif K, Agudo A, Ahrens W, Bezerra Dos Santos A, Boccia S, Cadoni G, Canova C, Castellsague X, Chen C, Conway D, Curado MP, Dal Maso L, Daudt AW, Fabianova E, Fernandez L, Franceschi S, Fukuyama EE, Hayes RB, Healy C, Herrero R, Holcatova I, Kelsey K, Kjaerheim K, Koifman S, Lagiou P, La Vecchia C, Lazarus P, Levi F, Lissowska J, Macfarlane T, Mates D, McClean M, Menezes A, Merletti F, Morgenstern H, Muscat J, Olshan AF, Purdue M, Ramroth H, Rudnai P, Schwartz SM, Serraino D, Shangina O, Smith E, Sturgis EM, Szeszenia-Dabrowska N, Thomson P, Vaughan TL, Vilensky M, Wei Q, Winn DM, Wünsch-Filho V, Zhang ZF, Znaor A, Ferro G, Brennan P, Boffetta P, Hashibe M, Lee YCA. Low frequency of cigarette smoking and the risk of head and neck cancer in the INHANCE consortium pooled analysis. Int J Epidemiol 2016; 45:835-45. [PMID: 26228584 PMCID: PMC5005938 DOI: 10.1093/ije/dyv146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/26/2015] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cigarette smoking is a major risk factor for head and neck cancer (HNC). To our knowledge, low cigarette smoking (<10 cigarettes per day) has not been extensively investigated in fine categories or among never alcohol drinkers. METHODS We conducted a pooled analysis of individual participant data from 23 independent case-control studies including 19 660 HNC cases and 25 566 controls. After exclusion of subjects using other tobacco products including cigars, pipes, snuffed or chewed tobacco and straw cigarettes (tobacco product used in Brazil), as well as subjects smoking more than 10 cigarettes per day, 4093 HNC cases and 13 416 controls were included in the analysis. The lifetime average frequency of cigarette consumption was categorized as follows: never cigarette users, >0-3, >3-5, >5-10 cigarettes per day. RESULTS Smoking >0-3 cigarettes per day was associated with a 50% increased risk of HNC in the study population [odds ratio (OR) = 1.52, 95% confidence interval (CI): (1.21, 1.90). Smoking >3-5 cigarettes per day was associated in each subgroup from OR = 2.01 (95% CI: 1.22, 3.31) among never alcohol drinkers to OR = 2.74 (95% CI: 2.01, 3.74) among women and in each cancer site, particularly laryngeal cancer (OR = 3.48, 95% CI: 2.40, 5.05). However, the observed increased risk of HNC for low smoking frequency was not found among smokers with smoking duration shorter than 20 years. CONCLUSION Our results suggest a public health message that low frequency of cigarette consumption contributes to the development of HNC. However, smoking duration seems to play at least an equal or a stronger role in the development of HNC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julien Berthiller
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France, Pôle Information Médicale Evaluation Recherche, Hospices Civils de Lyon, France
| | - Kurt Straif
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Antonio Agudo
- Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO-IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Wolfgang Ahrens
- Bremen Institute for Prevention Research and Social Medicine (BIPS), Bremen, Germany
| | | | - Stefania Boccia
- Institute of Public Health, Section of Hygiene, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy, L'Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Rome, Italy
| | - Gabriella Cadoni
- Head and Neck Surgery Department, Institute of Otorhinolaryngology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Xavier Castellsague
- Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO)-IDIBELL, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain, CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Chu Chen
- Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - David Conway
- Dental School, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | | | | | | | | | - Leticia Fernandez
- Institute of Oncology and Radiobiology, La Havana, Cuba, Instituto do Câncer do Estado de Sao Paulo (ICESP), Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Erica E Fukuyama
- Instituto do Câncer do Estado de Sao Paulo (ICESP), Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Richard B Hayes
- Division of Epidemiology, New York University School Of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Claire Healy
- Trinity College School of Dental Science, Dublin, Ireland
| | | | - Ivana Holcatova
- Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Prague, Czech Republic
| | | | | | - Sergio Koifman
- Escola Nacional de Saude Publica, Fundacao Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Pagona Lagiou
- University of Athens School of Medicine, Athens, Greece
| | - Carlo La Vecchia
- Istituto Di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientific IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Philip Lazarus
- Washington State University College of Pharmacy, Spokane, WA, USA
| | - Fabio Levi
- Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine (IUMSP), Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Jolanta Lissowska
- M. Skasodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology, Department of Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention, Warsaw, Poland
| | | | - Dana Mates
- National Institute of Public Health, Bucharest, Romania
| | | | - Ana Menezes
- Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil
| | | | - Hal Morgenstern
- Departments of Epidemiology, Environmental Health Sciences, and Urology, Schools of Public Health and Medicine, and Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | | | | | - Mark Purdue
- National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | | | - Peter Rudnai
- National Institute of Environmental Health, Budapest, Hungary
| | | | | | | | - Elaine Smith
- College of Public Health, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | | | | | | | | | - Marta Vilensky
- Institute of Oncology Angel H. Roffo, University of Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Qingyi Wei
- UT-M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Deborah M Winn
- National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | | | | | - Ariana Znaor
- Croatian National Cancer Registry, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Gilles Ferro
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Paul Brennan
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Paolo Boffetta
- Tisch Cancer Institute and Institute of Translational Epidemiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Mia Hashibe
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT, USA and University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
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Cadoni G, Fetoni AR, Agostino S, De Santis A, Manna R, Ottaviani F, Paludetti G. Reply to Letter to the Editor. Acta Otolaryngol 2016. [DOI: 10.1080/00016480410016144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Leoncini E, Edefonti V, Hashibe M, Parpinel M, Cadoni G, Ferraroni M, Serraino D, Matsuo K, Olshan AF, Zevallos JP, Winn DM, Moysich K, Zhang ZF, Morgenstern H, Levi F, Kelsey K, McClean M, Bosetti C, Schantz S, Yu GP, Boffetta P, Lee YCA, Chuang SC, Decarli A, La Vecchia C, Boccia S. Carotenoid intake and head and neck cancer: a pooled analysis in the International Head and Neck Cancer Epidemiology Consortium. Eur J Epidemiol 2015; 31:369-83. [PMID: 25930054 DOI: 10.1007/s10654-015-0036-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2014] [Accepted: 04/17/2015] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Food and nutrition play an important role in head and neck cancer (HNC) etiology; however, the role of carotenoids remains largely undefined. We explored the relation of HNC risk with the intake of carotenoids within the International Head and Neck Cancer Epidemiology Consortium. We pooled individual-level data from 10 case-control studies conducted in Europe, North America, and Japan. The analysis included 18,207 subjects (4414 with oral and pharyngeal cancer, 1545 with laryngeal cancer, and 12,248 controls), categorized by quintiles of carotenoid intake from natural sources. Comparing the highest with the lowest quintile, the risk reduction associated with total carotenoid intake was 39 % (95 % CI 29-47 %) for oral/pharyngeal cancer and 39 % (95 % CI 24-50 %) for laryngeal cancer. Intakes of β-carotene equivalents, β-cryptoxanthin, lycopene, and lutein plus zeaxanthin were associated with at least 18 % reduction in the rate of oral and pharyngeal cancer (95 % CI 6-29 %) and 17 % reduction in the rate of laryngeal cancer (95 % CI 0-32 %). The overall protective effect of carotenoids on HNC was stronger for subjects reporting greater alcohol consumption (p < 0.05). The odds ratio for the combined effect of low carotenoid intake and high alcohol or tobacco consumption versus high carotenoid intake and low alcohol or tobacco consumption ranged from 7 (95 % CI 5-9) to 33 (95 % CI 23-49). A diet rich in carotenoids may protect against HNC. Persons with both low carotenoid intake and high tobacco or alcohol are at substantially higher risk of HNC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emanuele Leoncini
- Section of Hygiene, Institute of Public Health, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Largo F. Vito, 1, 00168, Rome, Italy
| | - Valeria Edefonti
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Mia Hashibe
- Division of Public Health, Department of Family and Preventive Medicine, Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Maria Parpinel
- Department of Medical and Biological Sciences, Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology, University of Udine, Udine, Italy
| | - Gabriella Cadoni
- Institute of Otorhinolaryngology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Monica Ferraroni
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Keitaro Matsuo
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Kyushu, Japan
| | - Andrew F Olshan
- School of Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Jose P Zevallos
- School of Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | | | | | | | - Hal Morgenstern
- Departments of Epidemiology and Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health and Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Fabio Levi
- Institut Universitaire de Medecine Sociale et Preventive (IUMSP), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | | | | | - Cristina Bosetti
- Department of Epidemiology, IRCCS-Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri, Milan, Itlay
| | | | - Guo-Pei Yu
- Medical Informatics Center, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Paolo Boffetta
- The Tisch Cancer Institute and Institute of Translational Epidemiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Yuan-Chin Amy Lee
- Division of Public Health, Department of Family and Preventive Medicine, Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Shu-Chun Chuang
- Institute of Population Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Taiwan
| | - Adriano Decarli
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Carlo La Vecchia
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Stefania Boccia
- Section of Hygiene, Institute of Public Health, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Largo F. Vito, 1, 00168, Rome, Italy.
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30
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Cadoni G, Boccia S, Leoncini E, Petrelli L, Vukovic V, Pastorino R, Arzani D, Bosetti C, Canova C, Garavello W, La Vecchia C, Maule M, Pira E, Polesel J, Richiardi L, Serraino D, Simonato L, Ricciardi W, Pandolfi ni M, Batti sta M, Paludetti G, Almadori G. P17 Clinical features and prognostic factors in patients with head and neck cancer – Results from a multicentric study. Oral Oncol 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.oraloncology.2015.02.065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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31
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Toporcov TN, Znaor A, Zhang ZF, Yu GP, Winn DM, Wei Q, Vilensky M, Vaughan T, Thomson P, Talamini R, Szeszenia-Dabrowska N, Sturgis EM, Smith E, Shangina O, Schwartz SM, Schantz S, Rudnai P, Richiardi L, Ramroth H, Purdue MP, Olshan AF, Eluf-Neto J, Muscat J, Moyses RA, Morgenstern H, Menezes A, McClean M, Matsuo K, Mates D, Macfarlane TV, Lissowska J, Levi F, Lazarus P, La Vecchia C, Lagiou P, Koifman S, Kjaerheim K, Kelsey K, Holcatova I, Herrero R, Healy C, Hayes RB, Franceschi S, Fernandez L, Fabianova E, Daudt AW, Curioni OA, Maso LD, Curado MP, Conway DI, Chen C, Castellsague X, Canova C, Cadoni G, Brennan P, Boccia S, Antunes JLF, Ahrens W, Agudo A, Boffetta P, Hashibe M, Lee YCA, Filho VW. Risk factors for head and neck cancer in young adults: a pooled analysis in the INHANCE consortium. Int J Epidemiol 2015; 44:169-85. [PMID: 25613428 DOI: 10.1093/ije/dyu255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Increasing incidence of head and neck cancer (HNC) in young adults has been reported. We aimed to compare the role of major risk factors and family history of cancer in HNC in young adults and older patients. METHODS We pooled data from 25 case-control studies and conducted separate analyses for adults ≤ 45 years old ('young adults', 2010 cases and 4042 controls) and >45 years old ('older adults', 17700 cases and 22 704 controls). Using logistic regression with studies treated as random effects, we estimated adjusted odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). RESULTS The young group of cases had a higher proportion of oral tongue cancer (16.0% in women; 11.0% in men) and unspecified oral cavity / oropharynx cancer (16.2%; 11.1%) and a lower proportion of larynx cancer (12.1%; 16.6%) than older adult cases. The proportions of never smokers or never drinkers among female cases were higher than among male cases in both age groups. Positive associations with HNC and duration or pack-years of smoking and drinking were similar across age groups. However, the attributable fractions (AFs) for smoking and drinking were lower in young when compared with older adults (AFs for smoking in young women, older women, young men and older men, respectively, = 19.9% (95% CI=9.8%, 27.9%), 48.9% (46.6%, 50.8%), 46.2% (38.5%, 52.5%), 64.3% (62.2%, 66.4%); AFs for drinking=5.3% (-11.2%, 18.0%), 20.0% (14.5%, 25.0%), 21.5% (5.0%, 34.9%) and 50.4% (46.1%, 54.3%). A family history of early-onset cancer was associated with HNC risk in the young [OR=2.27 (95% CI=1.26, 4.10)], but not in the older adults [OR=1.10 (0.91, 1.31)]. The attributable fraction for family history of early-onset cancer was 23.2% (8.60% to 31.4%) in young compared with 2.20% (-2.41%, 5.80%) in older adults. CONCLUSIONS Differences in HNC aetiology according to age group may exist. The lower AF of cigarette smoking and alcohol drinking in young adults may be due to the reduced length of exposure due to the lower age. Other characteristics, such as those that are inherited, may play a more important role in HNC in young adults compared with older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatiana Natasha Toporcov
- Faculdade de Saúde Pública, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil, Croatian National Cancer Registry, Zagreb, Croatia, UCLA School of Public Health, Los Angeles, CA, USA, Medical Informatics Center, Peking University, Beijing, China, and New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, USA, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA, UT-MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA, Institute of Oncology Angel H. Roffo, University of Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA, School of Dental Sciences, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, UK, Aviano Cancer Centre, Aviano, Italy, Institute of Occupational Medicine, Lodz, Poland, College of Public Health, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA, Cancer Research Centre, Moscow, Russia, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA, New York Eye and Ear Infirmary, New York, NY, USA, National Institute of Environmental Health, Budapest, Hungary, Department of Medical Science, Cancer Epidemiology Unit, University of Turin, Turin, Italy, Institute of Public Health, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany, University of North Carolina School of Public Health, Chapel Hill, NC, USA, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA, Cirurgia de Cabeça e Pescoço (LIM 28), Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil, Departments of Epidemiology and Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, and Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Michigan Ann Arbor, Ann Arbor, MI, USA, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA, Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute, Nagoya, Japan, Institute of Public Health, Bucharest, Romania, University of Aberdeen Dental School, Aberdeen, UK, The M Skasodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology, Department of Cancer Epidemiology and Pre
| | - Ariana Znaor
- Faculdade de Saúde Pública, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil, Croatian National Cancer Registry, Zagreb, Croatia, UCLA School of Public Health, Los Angeles, CA, USA, Medical Informatics Center, Peking University, Beijing, China, and New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, USA, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA, UT-MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA, Institute of Oncology Angel H. Roffo, University of Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA, School of Dental Sciences, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, UK, Aviano Cancer Centre, Aviano, Italy, Institute of Occupational Medicine, Lodz, Poland, College of Public Health, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA, Cancer Research Centre, Moscow, Russia, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA, New York Eye and Ear Infirmary, New York, NY, USA, National Institute of Environmental Health, Budapest, Hungary, Department of Medical Science, Cancer Epidemiology Unit, University of Turin, Turin, Italy, Institute of Public Health, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany, University of North Carolina School of Public Health, Chapel Hill, NC, USA, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA, Cirurgia de Cabeça e Pescoço (LIM 28), Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil, Departments of Epidemiology and Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, and Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Michigan Ann Arbor, Ann Arbor, MI, USA, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA, Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute, Nagoya, Japan, Institute of Public Health, Bucharest, Romania, University of Aberdeen Dental School, Aberdeen, UK, The M Skasodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology, Department of Cancer Epidemiology and Pre
| | - Zuo-Feng Zhang
- Faculdade de Saúde Pública, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil, Croatian National Cancer Registry, Zagreb, Croatia, UCLA School of Public Health, Los Angeles, CA, USA, Medical Informatics Center, Peking University, Beijing, China, and New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, USA, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA, UT-MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA, Institute of Oncology Angel H. Roffo, University of Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA, School of Dental Sciences, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, UK, Aviano Cancer Centre, Aviano, Italy, Institute of Occupational Medicine, Lodz, Poland, College of Public Health, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA, Cancer Research Centre, Moscow, Russia, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA, New York Eye and Ear Infirmary, New York, NY, USA, National Institute of Environmental Health, Budapest, Hungary, Department of Medical Science, Cancer Epidemiology Unit, University of Turin, Turin, Italy, Institute of Public Health, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany, University of North Carolina School of Public Health, Chapel Hill, NC, USA, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA, Cirurgia de Cabeça e Pescoço (LIM 28), Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil, Departments of Epidemiology and Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, and Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Michigan Ann Arbor, Ann Arbor, MI, USA, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA, Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute, Nagoya, Japan, Institute of Public Health, Bucharest, Romania, University of Aberdeen Dental School, Aberdeen, UK, The M Skasodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology, Department of Cancer Epidemiology and Pre
| | - Guo-Pei Yu
- Faculdade de Saúde Pública, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil, Croatian National Cancer Registry, Zagreb, Croatia, UCLA School of Public Health, Los Angeles, CA, USA, Medical Informatics Center, Peking University, Beijing, China, and New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, USA, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA, UT-MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA, Institute of Oncology Angel H. Roffo, University of Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA, School of Dental Sciences, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, UK, Aviano Cancer Centre, Aviano, Italy, Institute of Occupational Medicine, Lodz, Poland, College of Public Health, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA, Cancer Research Centre, Moscow, Russia, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA, New York Eye and Ear Infirmary, New York, NY, USA, National Institute of Environmental Health, Budapest, Hungary, Department of Medical Science, Cancer Epidemiology Unit, University of Turin, Turin, Italy, Institute of Public Health, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany, University of North Carolina School of Public Health, Chapel Hill, NC, USA, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA, Cirurgia de Cabeça e Pescoço (LIM 28), Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil, Departments of Epidemiology and Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, and Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Michigan Ann Arbor, Ann Arbor, MI, USA, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA, Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute, Nagoya, Japan, Institute of Public Health, Bucharest, Romania, University of Aberdeen Dental School, Aberdeen, UK, The M Skasodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology, Department of Cancer Epidemiology and Pre
| | - Deborah M Winn
- Faculdade de Saúde Pública, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil, Croatian National Cancer Registry, Zagreb, Croatia, UCLA School of Public Health, Los Angeles, CA, USA, Medical Informatics Center, Peking University, Beijing, China, and New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, USA, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA, UT-MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA, Institute of Oncology Angel H. Roffo, University of Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA, School of Dental Sciences, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, UK, Aviano Cancer Centre, Aviano, Italy, Institute of Occupational Medicine, Lodz, Poland, College of Public Health, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA, Cancer Research Centre, Moscow, Russia, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA, New York Eye and Ear Infirmary, New York, NY, USA, National Institute of Environmental Health, Budapest, Hungary, Department of Medical Science, Cancer Epidemiology Unit, University of Turin, Turin, Italy, Institute of Public Health, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany, University of North Carolina School of Public Health, Chapel Hill, NC, USA, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA, Cirurgia de Cabeça e Pescoço (LIM 28), Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil, Departments of Epidemiology and Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, and Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Michigan Ann Arbor, Ann Arbor, MI, USA, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA, Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute, Nagoya, Japan, Institute of Public Health, Bucharest, Romania, University of Aberdeen Dental School, Aberdeen, UK, The M Skasodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology, Department of Cancer Epidemiology and Pre
| | - Qingyi Wei
- Faculdade de Saúde Pública, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil, Croatian National Cancer Registry, Zagreb, Croatia, UCLA School of Public Health, Los Angeles, CA, USA, Medical Informatics Center, Peking University, Beijing, China, and New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, USA, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA, UT-MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA, Institute of Oncology Angel H. Roffo, University of Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA, School of Dental Sciences, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, UK, Aviano Cancer Centre, Aviano, Italy, Institute of Occupational Medicine, Lodz, Poland, College of Public Health, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA, Cancer Research Centre, Moscow, Russia, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA, New York Eye and Ear Infirmary, New York, NY, USA, National Institute of Environmental Health, Budapest, Hungary, Department of Medical Science, Cancer Epidemiology Unit, University of Turin, Turin, Italy, Institute of Public Health, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany, University of North Carolina School of Public Health, Chapel Hill, NC, USA, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA, Cirurgia de Cabeça e Pescoço (LIM 28), Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil, Departments of Epidemiology and Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, and Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Michigan Ann Arbor, Ann Arbor, MI, USA, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA, Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute, Nagoya, Japan, Institute of Public Health, Bucharest, Romania, University of Aberdeen Dental School, Aberdeen, UK, The M Skasodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology, Department of Cancer Epidemiology and Pre
| | - Marta Vilensky
- Faculdade de Saúde Pública, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil, Croatian National Cancer Registry, Zagreb, Croatia, UCLA School of Public Health, Los Angeles, CA, USA, Medical Informatics Center, Peking University, Beijing, China, and New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, USA, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA, UT-MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA, Institute of Oncology Angel H. Roffo, University of Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA, School of Dental Sciences, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, UK, Aviano Cancer Centre, Aviano, Italy, Institute of Occupational Medicine, Lodz, Poland, College of Public Health, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA, Cancer Research Centre, Moscow, Russia, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA, New York Eye and Ear Infirmary, New York, NY, USA, National Institute of Environmental Health, Budapest, Hungary, Department of Medical Science, Cancer Epidemiology Unit, University of Turin, Turin, Italy, Institute of Public Health, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany, University of North Carolina School of Public Health, Chapel Hill, NC, USA, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA, Cirurgia de Cabeça e Pescoço (LIM 28), Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil, Departments of Epidemiology and Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, and Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Michigan Ann Arbor, Ann Arbor, MI, USA, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA, Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute, Nagoya, Japan, Institute of Public Health, Bucharest, Romania, University of Aberdeen Dental School, Aberdeen, UK, The M Skasodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology, Department of Cancer Epidemiology and Pre
| | - Thomas Vaughan
- Faculdade de Saúde Pública, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil, Croatian National Cancer Registry, Zagreb, Croatia, UCLA School of Public Health, Los Angeles, CA, USA, Medical Informatics Center, Peking University, Beijing, China, and New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, USA, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA, UT-MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA, Institute of Oncology Angel H. Roffo, University of Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA, School of Dental Sciences, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, UK, Aviano Cancer Centre, Aviano, Italy, Institute of Occupational Medicine, Lodz, Poland, College of Public Health, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA, Cancer Research Centre, Moscow, Russia, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA, New York Eye and Ear Infirmary, New York, NY, USA, National Institute of Environmental Health, Budapest, Hungary, Department of Medical Science, Cancer Epidemiology Unit, University of Turin, Turin, Italy, Institute of Public Health, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany, University of North Carolina School of Public Health, Chapel Hill, NC, USA, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA, Cirurgia de Cabeça e Pescoço (LIM 28), Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil, Departments of Epidemiology and Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, and Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Michigan Ann Arbor, Ann Arbor, MI, USA, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA, Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute, Nagoya, Japan, Institute of Public Health, Bucharest, Romania, University of Aberdeen Dental School, Aberdeen, UK, The M Skasodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology, Department of Cancer Epidemiology and Pre
| | - Peter Thomson
- Faculdade de Saúde Pública, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil, Croatian National Cancer Registry, Zagreb, Croatia, UCLA School of Public Health, Los Angeles, CA, USA, Medical Informatics Center, Peking University, Beijing, China, and New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, USA, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA, UT-MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA, Institute of Oncology Angel H. Roffo, University of Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA, School of Dental Sciences, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, UK, Aviano Cancer Centre, Aviano, Italy, Institute of Occupational Medicine, Lodz, Poland, College of Public Health, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA, Cancer Research Centre, Moscow, Russia, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA, New York Eye and Ear Infirmary, New York, NY, USA, National Institute of Environmental Health, Budapest, Hungary, Department of Medical Science, Cancer Epidemiology Unit, University of Turin, Turin, Italy, Institute of Public Health, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany, University of North Carolina School of Public Health, Chapel Hill, NC, USA, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA, Cirurgia de Cabeça e Pescoço (LIM 28), Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil, Departments of Epidemiology and Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, and Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Michigan Ann Arbor, Ann Arbor, MI, USA, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA, Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute, Nagoya, Japan, Institute of Public Health, Bucharest, Romania, University of Aberdeen Dental School, Aberdeen, UK, The M Skasodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology, Department of Cancer Epidemiology and Pre
| | - Renato Talamini
- Faculdade de Saúde Pública, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil, Croatian National Cancer Registry, Zagreb, Croatia, UCLA School of Public Health, Los Angeles, CA, USA, Medical Informatics Center, Peking University, Beijing, China, and New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, USA, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA, UT-MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA, Institute of Oncology Angel H. Roffo, University of Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA, School of Dental Sciences, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, UK, Aviano Cancer Centre, Aviano, Italy, Institute of Occupational Medicine, Lodz, Poland, College of Public Health, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA, Cancer Research Centre, Moscow, Russia, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA, New York Eye and Ear Infirmary, New York, NY, USA, National Institute of Environmental Health, Budapest, Hungary, Department of Medical Science, Cancer Epidemiology Unit, University of Turin, Turin, Italy, Institute of Public Health, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany, University of North Carolina School of Public Health, Chapel Hill, NC, USA, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA, Cirurgia de Cabeça e Pescoço (LIM 28), Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil, Departments of Epidemiology and Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, and Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Michigan Ann Arbor, Ann Arbor, MI, USA, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA, Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute, Nagoya, Japan, Institute of Public Health, Bucharest, Romania, University of Aberdeen Dental School, Aberdeen, UK, The M Skasodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology, Department of Cancer Epidemiology and Pre
| | - Neonila Szeszenia-Dabrowska
- Faculdade de Saúde Pública, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil, Croatian National Cancer Registry, Zagreb, Croatia, UCLA School of Public Health, Los Angeles, CA, USA, Medical Informatics Center, Peking University, Beijing, China, and New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, USA, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA, UT-MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA, Institute of Oncology Angel H. Roffo, University of Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA, School of Dental Sciences, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, UK, Aviano Cancer Centre, Aviano, Italy, Institute of Occupational Medicine, Lodz, Poland, College of Public Health, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA, Cancer Research Centre, Moscow, Russia, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA, New York Eye and Ear Infirmary, New York, NY, USA, National Institute of Environmental Health, Budapest, Hungary, Department of Medical Science, Cancer Epidemiology Unit, University of Turin, Turin, Italy, Institute of Public Health, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany, University of North Carolina School of Public Health, Chapel Hill, NC, USA, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA, Cirurgia de Cabeça e Pescoço (LIM 28), Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil, Departments of Epidemiology and Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, and Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Michigan Ann Arbor, Ann Arbor, MI, USA, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA, Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute, Nagoya, Japan, Institute of Public Health, Bucharest, Romania, University of Aberdeen Dental School, Aberdeen, UK, The M Skasodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology, Department of Cancer Epidemiology and Pre
| | - Erich M Sturgis
- Faculdade de Saúde Pública, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil, Croatian National Cancer Registry, Zagreb, Croatia, UCLA School of Public Health, Los Angeles, CA, USA, Medical Informatics Center, Peking University, Beijing, China, and New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, USA, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA, UT-MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA, Institute of Oncology Angel H. Roffo, University of Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA, School of Dental Sciences, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, UK, Aviano Cancer Centre, Aviano, Italy, Institute of Occupational Medicine, Lodz, Poland, College of Public Health, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA, Cancer Research Centre, Moscow, Russia, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA, New York Eye and Ear Infirmary, New York, NY, USA, National Institute of Environmental Health, Budapest, Hungary, Department of Medical Science, Cancer Epidemiology Unit, University of Turin, Turin, Italy, Institute of Public Health, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany, University of North Carolina School of Public Health, Chapel Hill, NC, USA, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA, Cirurgia de Cabeça e Pescoço (LIM 28), Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil, Departments of Epidemiology and Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, and Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Michigan Ann Arbor, Ann Arbor, MI, USA, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA, Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute, Nagoya, Japan, Institute of Public Health, Bucharest, Romania, University of Aberdeen Dental School, Aberdeen, UK, The M Skasodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology, Department of Cancer Epidemiology and Pre
| | - Elaine Smith
- Faculdade de Saúde Pública, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil, Croatian National Cancer Registry, Zagreb, Croatia, UCLA School of Public Health, Los Angeles, CA, USA, Medical Informatics Center, Peking University, Beijing, China, and New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, USA, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA, UT-MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA, Institute of Oncology Angel H. Roffo, University of Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA, School of Dental Sciences, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, UK, Aviano Cancer Centre, Aviano, Italy, Institute of Occupational Medicine, Lodz, Poland, College of Public Health, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA, Cancer Research Centre, Moscow, Russia, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA, New York Eye and Ear Infirmary, New York, NY, USA, National Institute of Environmental Health, Budapest, Hungary, Department of Medical Science, Cancer Epidemiology Unit, University of Turin, Turin, Italy, Institute of Public Health, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany, University of North Carolina School of Public Health, Chapel Hill, NC, USA, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA, Cirurgia de Cabeça e Pescoço (LIM 28), Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil, Departments of Epidemiology and Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, and Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Michigan Ann Arbor, Ann Arbor, MI, USA, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA, Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute, Nagoya, Japan, Institute of Public Health, Bucharest, Romania, University of Aberdeen Dental School, Aberdeen, UK, The M Skasodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology, Department of Cancer Epidemiology and Pre
| | - Oxana Shangina
- Faculdade de Saúde Pública, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil, Croatian National Cancer Registry, Zagreb, Croatia, UCLA School of Public Health, Los Angeles, CA, USA, Medical Informatics Center, Peking University, Beijing, China, and New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, USA, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA, UT-MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA, Institute of Oncology Angel H. Roffo, University of Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA, School of Dental Sciences, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, UK, Aviano Cancer Centre, Aviano, Italy, Institute of Occupational Medicine, Lodz, Poland, College of Public Health, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA, Cancer Research Centre, Moscow, Russia, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA, New York Eye and Ear Infirmary, New York, NY, USA, National Institute of Environmental Health, Budapest, Hungary, Department of Medical Science, Cancer Epidemiology Unit, University of Turin, Turin, Italy, Institute of Public Health, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany, University of North Carolina School of Public Health, Chapel Hill, NC, USA, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA, Cirurgia de Cabeça e Pescoço (LIM 28), Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil, Departments of Epidemiology and Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, and Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Michigan Ann Arbor, Ann Arbor, MI, USA, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA, Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute, Nagoya, Japan, Institute of Public Health, Bucharest, Romania, University of Aberdeen Dental School, Aberdeen, UK, The M Skasodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology, Department of Cancer Epidemiology and Pre
| | - Stephen M Schwartz
- Faculdade de Saúde Pública, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil, Croatian National Cancer Registry, Zagreb, Croatia, UCLA School of Public Health, Los Angeles, CA, USA, Medical Informatics Center, Peking University, Beijing, China, and New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, USA, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA, UT-MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA, Institute of Oncology Angel H. Roffo, University of Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA, School of Dental Sciences, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, UK, Aviano Cancer Centre, Aviano, Italy, Institute of Occupational Medicine, Lodz, Poland, College of Public Health, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA, Cancer Research Centre, Moscow, Russia, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA, New York Eye and Ear Infirmary, New York, NY, USA, National Institute of Environmental Health, Budapest, Hungary, Department of Medical Science, Cancer Epidemiology Unit, University of Turin, Turin, Italy, Institute of Public Health, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany, University of North Carolina School of Public Health, Chapel Hill, NC, USA, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA, Cirurgia de Cabeça e Pescoço (LIM 28), Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil, Departments of Epidemiology and Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, and Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Michigan Ann Arbor, Ann Arbor, MI, USA, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA, Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute, Nagoya, Japan, Institute of Public Health, Bucharest, Romania, University of Aberdeen Dental School, Aberdeen, UK, The M Skasodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology, Department of Cancer Epidemiology and Pre
| | - Stimson Schantz
- Faculdade de Saúde Pública, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil, Croatian National Cancer Registry, Zagreb, Croatia, UCLA School of Public Health, Los Angeles, CA, USA, Medical Informatics Center, Peking University, Beijing, China, and New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, USA, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA, UT-MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA, Institute of Oncology Angel H. Roffo, University of Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA, School of Dental Sciences, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, UK, Aviano Cancer Centre, Aviano, Italy, Institute of Occupational Medicine, Lodz, Poland, College of Public Health, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA, Cancer Research Centre, Moscow, Russia, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA, New York Eye and Ear Infirmary, New York, NY, USA, National Institute of Environmental Health, Budapest, Hungary, Department of Medical Science, Cancer Epidemiology Unit, University of Turin, Turin, Italy, Institute of Public Health, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany, University of North Carolina School of Public Health, Chapel Hill, NC, USA, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA, Cirurgia de Cabeça e Pescoço (LIM 28), Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil, Departments of Epidemiology and Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, and Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Michigan Ann Arbor, Ann Arbor, MI, USA, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA, Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute, Nagoya, Japan, Institute of Public Health, Bucharest, Romania, University of Aberdeen Dental School, Aberdeen, UK, The M Skasodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology, Department of Cancer Epidemiology and Pre
| | - Peter Rudnai
- Faculdade de Saúde Pública, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil, Croatian National Cancer Registry, Zagreb, Croatia, UCLA School of Public Health, Los Angeles, CA, USA, Medical Informatics Center, Peking University, Beijing, China, and New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, USA, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA, UT-MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA, Institute of Oncology Angel H. Roffo, University of Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA, School of Dental Sciences, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, UK, Aviano Cancer Centre, Aviano, Italy, Institute of Occupational Medicine, Lodz, Poland, College of Public Health, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA, Cancer Research Centre, Moscow, Russia, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA, New York Eye and Ear Infirmary, New York, NY, USA, National Institute of Environmental Health, Budapest, Hungary, Department of Medical Science, Cancer Epidemiology Unit, University of Turin, Turin, Italy, Institute of Public Health, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany, University of North Carolina School of Public Health, Chapel Hill, NC, USA, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA, Cirurgia de Cabeça e Pescoço (LIM 28), Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil, Departments of Epidemiology and Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, and Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Michigan Ann Arbor, Ann Arbor, MI, USA, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA, Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute, Nagoya, Japan, Institute of Public Health, Bucharest, Romania, University of Aberdeen Dental School, Aberdeen, UK, The M Skasodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology, Department of Cancer Epidemiology and Pre
| | - Lorenzo Richiardi
- Faculdade de Saúde Pública, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil, Croatian National Cancer Registry, Zagreb, Croatia, UCLA School of Public Health, Los Angeles, CA, USA, Medical Informatics Center, Peking University, Beijing, China, and New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, USA, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA, UT-MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA, Institute of Oncology Angel H. Roffo, University of Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA, School of Dental Sciences, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, UK, Aviano Cancer Centre, Aviano, Italy, Institute of Occupational Medicine, Lodz, Poland, College of Public Health, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA, Cancer Research Centre, Moscow, Russia, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA, New York Eye and Ear Infirmary, New York, NY, USA, National Institute of Environmental Health, Budapest, Hungary, Department of Medical Science, Cancer Epidemiology Unit, University of Turin, Turin, Italy, Institute of Public Health, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany, University of North Carolina School of Public Health, Chapel Hill, NC, USA, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA, Cirurgia de Cabeça e Pescoço (LIM 28), Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil, Departments of Epidemiology and Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, and Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Michigan Ann Arbor, Ann Arbor, MI, USA, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA, Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute, Nagoya, Japan, Institute of Public Health, Bucharest, Romania, University of Aberdeen Dental School, Aberdeen, UK, The M Skasodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology, Department of Cancer Epidemiology and Pre
| | - Heribert Ramroth
- Faculdade de Saúde Pública, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil, Croatian National Cancer Registry, Zagreb, Croatia, UCLA School of Public Health, Los Angeles, CA, USA, Medical Informatics Center, Peking University, Beijing, China, and New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, USA, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA, UT-MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA, Institute of Oncology Angel H. Roffo, University of Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA, School of Dental Sciences, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, UK, Aviano Cancer Centre, Aviano, Italy, Institute of Occupational Medicine, Lodz, Poland, College of Public Health, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA, Cancer Research Centre, Moscow, Russia, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA, New York Eye and Ear Infirmary, New York, NY, USA, National Institute of Environmental Health, Budapest, Hungary, Department of Medical Science, Cancer Epidemiology Unit, University of Turin, Turin, Italy, Institute of Public Health, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany, University of North Carolina School of Public Health, Chapel Hill, NC, USA, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA, Cirurgia de Cabeça e Pescoço (LIM 28), Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil, Departments of Epidemiology and Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, and Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Michigan Ann Arbor, Ann Arbor, MI, USA, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA, Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute, Nagoya, Japan, Institute of Public Health, Bucharest, Romania, University of Aberdeen Dental School, Aberdeen, UK, The M Skasodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology, Department of Cancer Epidemiology and Pre
| | - Mark P Purdue
- Faculdade de Saúde Pública, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil, Croatian National Cancer Registry, Zagreb, Croatia, UCLA School of Public Health, Los Angeles, CA, USA, Medical Informatics Center, Peking University, Beijing, China, and New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, USA, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA, UT-MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA, Institute of Oncology Angel H. Roffo, University of Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA, School of Dental Sciences, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, UK, Aviano Cancer Centre, Aviano, Italy, Institute of Occupational Medicine, Lodz, Poland, College of Public Health, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA, Cancer Research Centre, Moscow, Russia, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA, New York Eye and Ear Infirmary, New York, NY, USA, National Institute of Environmental Health, Budapest, Hungary, Department of Medical Science, Cancer Epidemiology Unit, University of Turin, Turin, Italy, Institute of Public Health, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany, University of North Carolina School of Public Health, Chapel Hill, NC, USA, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA, Cirurgia de Cabeça e Pescoço (LIM 28), Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil, Departments of Epidemiology and Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, and Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Michigan Ann Arbor, Ann Arbor, MI, USA, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA, Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute, Nagoya, Japan, Institute of Public Health, Bucharest, Romania, University of Aberdeen Dental School, Aberdeen, UK, The M Skasodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology, Department of Cancer Epidemiology and Pre
| | - Andrew F Olshan
- Faculdade de Saúde Pública, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil, Croatian National Cancer Registry, Zagreb, Croatia, UCLA School of Public Health, Los Angeles, CA, USA, Medical Informatics Center, Peking University, Beijing, China, and New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, USA, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA, UT-MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA, Institute of Oncology Angel H. Roffo, University of Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA, School of Dental Sciences, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, UK, Aviano Cancer Centre, Aviano, Italy, Institute of Occupational Medicine, Lodz, Poland, College of Public Health, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA, Cancer Research Centre, Moscow, Russia, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA, New York Eye and Ear Infirmary, New York, NY, USA, National Institute of Environmental Health, Budapest, Hungary, Department of Medical Science, Cancer Epidemiology Unit, University of Turin, Turin, Italy, Institute of Public Health, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany, University of North Carolina School of Public Health, Chapel Hill, NC, USA, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA, Cirurgia de Cabeça e Pescoço (LIM 28), Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil, Departments of Epidemiology and Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, and Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Michigan Ann Arbor, Ann Arbor, MI, USA, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA, Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute, Nagoya, Japan, Institute of Public Health, Bucharest, Romania, University of Aberdeen Dental School, Aberdeen, UK, The M Skasodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology, Department of Cancer Epidemiology and Pre
| | - José Eluf-Neto
- Faculdade de Saúde Pública, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil, Croatian National Cancer Registry, Zagreb, Croatia, UCLA School of Public Health, Los Angeles, CA, USA, Medical Informatics Center, Peking University, Beijing, China, and New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, USA, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA, UT-MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA, Institute of Oncology Angel H. Roffo, University of Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA, School of Dental Sciences, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, UK, Aviano Cancer Centre, Aviano, Italy, Institute of Occupational Medicine, Lodz, Poland, College of Public Health, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA, Cancer Research Centre, Moscow, Russia, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA, New York Eye and Ear Infirmary, New York, NY, USA, National Institute of Environmental Health, Budapest, Hungary, Department of Medical Science, Cancer Epidemiology Unit, University of Turin, Turin, Italy, Institute of Public Health, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany, University of North Carolina School of Public Health, Chapel Hill, NC, USA, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA, Cirurgia de Cabeça e Pescoço (LIM 28), Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil, Departments of Epidemiology and Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, and Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Michigan Ann Arbor, Ann Arbor, MI, USA, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA, Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute, Nagoya, Japan, Institute of Public Health, Bucharest, Romania, University of Aberdeen Dental School, Aberdeen, UK, The M Skasodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology, Department of Cancer Epidemiology and Pre
| | - Joshua Muscat
- Faculdade de Saúde Pública, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil, Croatian National Cancer Registry, Zagreb, Croatia, UCLA School of Public Health, Los Angeles, CA, USA, Medical Informatics Center, Peking University, Beijing, China, and New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, USA, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA, UT-MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA, Institute of Oncology Angel H. Roffo, University of Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA, School of Dental Sciences, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, UK, Aviano Cancer Centre, Aviano, Italy, Institute of Occupational Medicine, Lodz, Poland, College of Public Health, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA, Cancer Research Centre, Moscow, Russia, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA, New York Eye and Ear Infirmary, New York, NY, USA, National Institute of Environmental Health, Budapest, Hungary, Department of Medical Science, Cancer Epidemiology Unit, University of Turin, Turin, Italy, Institute of Public Health, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany, University of North Carolina School of Public Health, Chapel Hill, NC, USA, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA, Cirurgia de Cabeça e Pescoço (LIM 28), Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil, Departments of Epidemiology and Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, and Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Michigan Ann Arbor, Ann Arbor, MI, USA, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA, Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute, Nagoya, Japan, Institute of Public Health, Bucharest, Romania, University of Aberdeen Dental School, Aberdeen, UK, The M Skasodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology, Department of Cancer Epidemiology and Pre
| | - Raquel Ajub Moyses
- Faculdade de Saúde Pública, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil, Croatian National Cancer Registry, Zagreb, Croatia, UCLA School of Public Health, Los Angeles, CA, USA, Medical Informatics Center, Peking University, Beijing, China, and New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, USA, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA, UT-MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA, Institute of Oncology Angel H. Roffo, University of Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA, School of Dental Sciences, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, UK, Aviano Cancer Centre, Aviano, Italy, Institute of Occupational Medicine, Lodz, Poland, College of Public Health, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA, Cancer Research Centre, Moscow, Russia, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA, New York Eye and Ear Infirmary, New York, NY, USA, National Institute of Environmental Health, Budapest, Hungary, Department of Medical Science, Cancer Epidemiology Unit, University of Turin, Turin, Italy, Institute of Public Health, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany, University of North Carolina School of Public Health, Chapel Hill, NC, USA, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA, Cirurgia de Cabeça e Pescoço (LIM 28), Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil, Departments of Epidemiology and Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, and Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Michigan Ann Arbor, Ann Arbor, MI, USA, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA, Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute, Nagoya, Japan, Institute of Public Health, Bucharest, Romania, University of Aberdeen Dental School, Aberdeen, UK, The M Skasodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology, Department of Cancer Epidemiology and Pre
| | - Hal Morgenstern
- Faculdade de Saúde Pública, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil, Croatian National Cancer Registry, Zagreb, Croatia, UCLA School of Public Health, Los Angeles, CA, USA, Medical Informatics Center, Peking University, Beijing, China, and New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, USA, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA, UT-MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA, Institute of Oncology Angel H. Roffo, University of Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA, School of Dental Sciences, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, UK, Aviano Cancer Centre, Aviano, Italy, Institute of Occupational Medicine, Lodz, Poland, College of Public Health, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA, Cancer Research Centre, Moscow, Russia, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA, New York Eye and Ear Infirmary, New York, NY, USA, National Institute of Environmental Health, Budapest, Hungary, Department of Medical Science, Cancer Epidemiology Unit, University of Turin, Turin, Italy, Institute of Public Health, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany, University of North Carolina School of Public Health, Chapel Hill, NC, USA, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA, Cirurgia de Cabeça e Pescoço (LIM 28), Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil, Departments of Epidemiology and Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, and Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Michigan Ann Arbor, Ann Arbor, MI, USA, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA, Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute, Nagoya, Japan, Institute of Public Health, Bucharest, Romania, University of Aberdeen Dental School, Aberdeen, UK, The M Skasodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology, Department of Cancer Epidemiology and Pre
| | - Ana Menezes
- Faculdade de Saúde Pública, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil, Croatian National Cancer Registry, Zagreb, Croatia, UCLA School of Public Health, Los Angeles, CA, USA, Medical Informatics Center, Peking University, Beijing, China, and New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, USA, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA, UT-MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA, Institute of Oncology Angel H. Roffo, University of Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA, School of Dental Sciences, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, UK, Aviano Cancer Centre, Aviano, Italy, Institute of Occupational Medicine, Lodz, Poland, College of Public Health, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA, Cancer Research Centre, Moscow, Russia, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA, New York Eye and Ear Infirmary, New York, NY, USA, National Institute of Environmental Health, Budapest, Hungary, Department of Medical Science, Cancer Epidemiology Unit, University of Turin, Turin, Italy, Institute of Public Health, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany, University of North Carolina School of Public Health, Chapel Hill, NC, USA, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA, Cirurgia de Cabeça e Pescoço (LIM 28), Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil, Departments of Epidemiology and Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, and Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Michigan Ann Arbor, Ann Arbor, MI, USA, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA, Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute, Nagoya, Japan, Institute of Public Health, Bucharest, Romania, University of Aberdeen Dental School, Aberdeen, UK, The M Skasodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology, Department of Cancer Epidemiology and Pre
| | - Michael McClean
- Faculdade de Saúde Pública, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil, Croatian National Cancer Registry, Zagreb, Croatia, UCLA School of Public Health, Los Angeles, CA, USA, Medical Informatics Center, Peking University, Beijing, China, and New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, USA, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA, UT-MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA, Institute of Oncology Angel H. Roffo, University of Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA, School of Dental Sciences, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, UK, Aviano Cancer Centre, Aviano, Italy, Institute of Occupational Medicine, Lodz, Poland, College of Public Health, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA, Cancer Research Centre, Moscow, Russia, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA, New York Eye and Ear Infirmary, New York, NY, USA, National Institute of Environmental Health, Budapest, Hungary, Department of Medical Science, Cancer Epidemiology Unit, University of Turin, Turin, Italy, Institute of Public Health, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany, University of North Carolina School of Public Health, Chapel Hill, NC, USA, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA, Cirurgia de Cabeça e Pescoço (LIM 28), Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil, Departments of Epidemiology and Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, and Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Michigan Ann Arbor, Ann Arbor, MI, USA, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA, Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute, Nagoya, Japan, Institute of Public Health, Bucharest, Romania, University of Aberdeen Dental School, Aberdeen, UK, The M Skasodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology, Department of Cancer Epidemiology and Pre
| | - Keitaro Matsuo
- Faculdade de Saúde Pública, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil, Croatian National Cancer Registry, Zagreb, Croatia, UCLA School of Public Health, Los Angeles, CA, USA, Medical Informatics Center, Peking University, Beijing, China, and New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, USA, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA, UT-MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA, Institute of Oncology Angel H. Roffo, University of Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA, School of Dental Sciences, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, UK, Aviano Cancer Centre, Aviano, Italy, Institute of Occupational Medicine, Lodz, Poland, College of Public Health, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA, Cancer Research Centre, Moscow, Russia, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA, New York Eye and Ear Infirmary, New York, NY, USA, National Institute of Environmental Health, Budapest, Hungary, Department of Medical Science, Cancer Epidemiology Unit, University of Turin, Turin, Italy, Institute of Public Health, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany, University of North Carolina School of Public Health, Chapel Hill, NC, USA, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA, Cirurgia de Cabeça e Pescoço (LIM 28), Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil, Departments of Epidemiology and Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, and Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Michigan Ann Arbor, Ann Arbor, MI, USA, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA, Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute, Nagoya, Japan, Institute of Public Health, Bucharest, Romania, University of Aberdeen Dental School, Aberdeen, UK, The M Skasodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology, Department of Cancer Epidemiology and Pre
| | - Dana Mates
- Faculdade de Saúde Pública, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil, Croatian National Cancer Registry, Zagreb, Croatia, UCLA School of Public Health, Los Angeles, CA, USA, Medical Informatics Center, Peking University, Beijing, China, and New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, USA, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA, UT-MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA, Institute of Oncology Angel H. Roffo, University of Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA, School of Dental Sciences, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, UK, Aviano Cancer Centre, Aviano, Italy, Institute of Occupational Medicine, Lodz, Poland, College of Public Health, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA, Cancer Research Centre, Moscow, Russia, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA, New York Eye and Ear Infirmary, New York, NY, USA, National Institute of Environmental Health, Budapest, Hungary, Department of Medical Science, Cancer Epidemiology Unit, University of Turin, Turin, Italy, Institute of Public Health, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany, University of North Carolina School of Public Health, Chapel Hill, NC, USA, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA, Cirurgia de Cabeça e Pescoço (LIM 28), Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil, Departments of Epidemiology and Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, and Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Michigan Ann Arbor, Ann Arbor, MI, USA, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA, Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute, Nagoya, Japan, Institute of Public Health, Bucharest, Romania, University of Aberdeen Dental School, Aberdeen, UK, The M Skasodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology, Department of Cancer Epidemiology and Pre
| | - Tatiana V Macfarlane
- Faculdade de Saúde Pública, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil, Croatian National Cancer Registry, Zagreb, Croatia, UCLA School of Public Health, Los Angeles, CA, USA, Medical Informatics Center, Peking University, Beijing, China, and New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, USA, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA, UT-MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA, Institute of Oncology Angel H. Roffo, University of Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA, School of Dental Sciences, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, UK, Aviano Cancer Centre, Aviano, Italy, Institute of Occupational Medicine, Lodz, Poland, College of Public Health, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA, Cancer Research Centre, Moscow, Russia, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA, New York Eye and Ear Infirmary, New York, NY, USA, National Institute of Environmental Health, Budapest, Hungary, Department of Medical Science, Cancer Epidemiology Unit, University of Turin, Turin, Italy, Institute of Public Health, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany, University of North Carolina School of Public Health, Chapel Hill, NC, USA, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA, Cirurgia de Cabeça e Pescoço (LIM 28), Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil, Departments of Epidemiology and Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, and Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Michigan Ann Arbor, Ann Arbor, MI, USA, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA, Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute, Nagoya, Japan, Institute of Public Health, Bucharest, Romania, University of Aberdeen Dental School, Aberdeen, UK, The M Skasodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology, Department of Cancer Epidemiology and Pre
| | - Jolanta Lissowska
- Faculdade de Saúde Pública, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil, Croatian National Cancer Registry, Zagreb, Croatia, UCLA School of Public Health, Los Angeles, CA, USA, Medical Informatics Center, Peking University, Beijing, China, and New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, USA, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA, UT-MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA, Institute of Oncology Angel H. Roffo, University of Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA, School of Dental Sciences, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, UK, Aviano Cancer Centre, Aviano, Italy, Institute of Occupational Medicine, Lodz, Poland, College of Public Health, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA, Cancer Research Centre, Moscow, Russia, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA, New York Eye and Ear Infirmary, New York, NY, USA, National Institute of Environmental Health, Budapest, Hungary, Department of Medical Science, Cancer Epidemiology Unit, University of Turin, Turin, Italy, Institute of Public Health, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany, University of North Carolina School of Public Health, Chapel Hill, NC, USA, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA, Cirurgia de Cabeça e Pescoço (LIM 28), Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil, Departments of Epidemiology and Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, and Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Michigan Ann Arbor, Ann Arbor, MI, USA, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA, Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute, Nagoya, Japan, Institute of Public Health, Bucharest, Romania, University of Aberdeen Dental School, Aberdeen, UK, The M Skasodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology, Department of Cancer Epidemiology and Pre
| | - Fabio Levi
- Faculdade de Saúde Pública, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil, Croatian National Cancer Registry, Zagreb, Croatia, UCLA School of Public Health, Los Angeles, CA, USA, Medical Informatics Center, Peking University, Beijing, China, and New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, USA, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA, UT-MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA, Institute of Oncology Angel H. Roffo, University of Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA, School of Dental Sciences, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, UK, Aviano Cancer Centre, Aviano, Italy, Institute of Occupational Medicine, Lodz, Poland, College of Public Health, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA, Cancer Research Centre, Moscow, Russia, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA, New York Eye and Ear Infirmary, New York, NY, USA, National Institute of Environmental Health, Budapest, Hungary, Department of Medical Science, Cancer Epidemiology Unit, University of Turin, Turin, Italy, Institute of Public Health, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany, University of North Carolina School of Public Health, Chapel Hill, NC, USA, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA, Cirurgia de Cabeça e Pescoço (LIM 28), Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil, Departments of Epidemiology and Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, and Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Michigan Ann Arbor, Ann Arbor, MI, USA, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA, Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute, Nagoya, Japan, Institute of Public Health, Bucharest, Romania, University of Aberdeen Dental School, Aberdeen, UK, The M Skasodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology, Department of Cancer Epidemiology and Pre
| | - Philip Lazarus
- Faculdade de Saúde Pública, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil, Croatian National Cancer Registry, Zagreb, Croatia, UCLA School of Public Health, Los Angeles, CA, USA, Medical Informatics Center, Peking University, Beijing, China, and New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, USA, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA, UT-MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA, Institute of Oncology Angel H. Roffo, University of Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA, School of Dental Sciences, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, UK, Aviano Cancer Centre, Aviano, Italy, Institute of Occupational Medicine, Lodz, Poland, College of Public Health, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA, Cancer Research Centre, Moscow, Russia, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA, New York Eye and Ear Infirmary, New York, NY, USA, National Institute of Environmental Health, Budapest, Hungary, Department of Medical Science, Cancer Epidemiology Unit, University of Turin, Turin, Italy, Institute of Public Health, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany, University of North Carolina School of Public Health, Chapel Hill, NC, USA, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA, Cirurgia de Cabeça e Pescoço (LIM 28), Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil, Departments of Epidemiology and Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, and Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Michigan Ann Arbor, Ann Arbor, MI, USA, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA, Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute, Nagoya, Japan, Institute of Public Health, Bucharest, Romania, University of Aberdeen Dental School, Aberdeen, UK, The M Skasodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology, Department of Cancer Epidemiology and Pre
| | - Carlo La Vecchia
- Faculdade de Saúde Pública, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil, Croatian National Cancer Registry, Zagreb, Croatia, UCLA School of Public Health, Los Angeles, CA, USA, Medical Informatics Center, Peking University, Beijing, China, and New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, USA, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA, UT-MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA, Institute of Oncology Angel H. Roffo, University of Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA, School of Dental Sciences, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, UK, Aviano Cancer Centre, Aviano, Italy, Institute of Occupational Medicine, Lodz, Poland, College of Public Health, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA, Cancer Research Centre, Moscow, Russia, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA, New York Eye and Ear Infirmary, New York, NY, USA, National Institute of Environmental Health, Budapest, Hungary, Department of Medical Science, Cancer Epidemiology Unit, University of Turin, Turin, Italy, Institute of Public Health, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany, University of North Carolina School of Public Health, Chapel Hill, NC, USA, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA, Cirurgia de Cabeça e Pescoço (LIM 28), Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil, Departments of Epidemiology and Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, and Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Michigan Ann Arbor, Ann Arbor, MI, USA, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA, Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute, Nagoya, Japan, Institute of Public Health, Bucharest, Romania, University of Aberdeen Dental School, Aberdeen, UK, The M Skasodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology, Department of Cancer Epidemiology and Pre
| | - Pagona Lagiou
- Faculdade de Saúde Pública, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil, Croatian National Cancer Registry, Zagreb, Croatia, UCLA School of Public Health, Los Angeles, CA, USA, Medical Informatics Center, Peking University, Beijing, China, and New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, USA, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA, UT-MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA, Institute of Oncology Angel H. Roffo, University of Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA, School of Dental Sciences, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, UK, Aviano Cancer Centre, Aviano, Italy, Institute of Occupational Medicine, Lodz, Poland, College of Public Health, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA, Cancer Research Centre, Moscow, Russia, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA, New York Eye and Ear Infirmary, New York, NY, USA, National Institute of Environmental Health, Budapest, Hungary, Department of Medical Science, Cancer Epidemiology Unit, University of Turin, Turin, Italy, Institute of Public Health, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany, University of North Carolina School of Public Health, Chapel Hill, NC, USA, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA, Cirurgia de Cabeça e Pescoço (LIM 28), Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil, Departments of Epidemiology and Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, and Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Michigan Ann Arbor, Ann Arbor, MI, USA, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA, Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute, Nagoya, Japan, Institute of Public Health, Bucharest, Romania, University of Aberdeen Dental School, Aberdeen, UK, The M Skasodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology, Department of Cancer Epidemiology and Pre
| | - Sergio Koifman
- Faculdade de Saúde Pública, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil, Croatian National Cancer Registry, Zagreb, Croatia, UCLA School of Public Health, Los Angeles, CA, USA, Medical Informatics Center, Peking University, Beijing, China, and New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, USA, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA, UT-MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA, Institute of Oncology Angel H. Roffo, University of Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA, School of Dental Sciences, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, UK, Aviano Cancer Centre, Aviano, Italy, Institute of Occupational Medicine, Lodz, Poland, College of Public Health, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA, Cancer Research Centre, Moscow, Russia, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA, New York Eye and Ear Infirmary, New York, NY, USA, National Institute of Environmental Health, Budapest, Hungary, Department of Medical Science, Cancer Epidemiology Unit, University of Turin, Turin, Italy, Institute of Public Health, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany, University of North Carolina School of Public Health, Chapel Hill, NC, USA, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA, Cirurgia de Cabeça e Pescoço (LIM 28), Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil, Departments of Epidemiology and Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, and Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Michigan Ann Arbor, Ann Arbor, MI, USA, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA, Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute, Nagoya, Japan, Institute of Public Health, Bucharest, Romania, University of Aberdeen Dental School, Aberdeen, UK, The M Skasodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology, Department of Cancer Epidemiology and Pre
| | - Kristina Kjaerheim
- Faculdade de Saúde Pública, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil, Croatian National Cancer Registry, Zagreb, Croatia, UCLA School of Public Health, Los Angeles, CA, USA, Medical Informatics Center, Peking University, Beijing, China, and New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, USA, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA, UT-MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA, Institute of Oncology Angel H. Roffo, University of Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA, School of Dental Sciences, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, UK, Aviano Cancer Centre, Aviano, Italy, Institute of Occupational Medicine, Lodz, Poland, College of Public Health, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA, Cancer Research Centre, Moscow, Russia, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA, New York Eye and Ear Infirmary, New York, NY, USA, National Institute of Environmental Health, Budapest, Hungary, Department of Medical Science, Cancer Epidemiology Unit, University of Turin, Turin, Italy, Institute of Public Health, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany, University of North Carolina School of Public Health, Chapel Hill, NC, USA, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA, Cirurgia de Cabeça e Pescoço (LIM 28), Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil, Departments of Epidemiology and Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, and Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Michigan Ann Arbor, Ann Arbor, MI, USA, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA, Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute, Nagoya, Japan, Institute of Public Health, Bucharest, Romania, University of Aberdeen Dental School, Aberdeen, UK, The M Skasodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology, Department of Cancer Epidemiology and Pre
| | - Karl Kelsey
- Faculdade de Saúde Pública, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil, Croatian National Cancer Registry, Zagreb, Croatia, UCLA School of Public Health, Los Angeles, CA, USA, Medical Informatics Center, Peking University, Beijing, China, and New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, USA, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA, UT-MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA, Institute of Oncology Angel H. Roffo, University of Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA, School of Dental Sciences, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, UK, Aviano Cancer Centre, Aviano, Italy, Institute of Occupational Medicine, Lodz, Poland, College of Public Health, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA, Cancer Research Centre, Moscow, Russia, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA, New York Eye and Ear Infirmary, New York, NY, USA, National Institute of Environmental Health, Budapest, Hungary, Department of Medical Science, Cancer Epidemiology Unit, University of Turin, Turin, Italy, Institute of Public Health, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany, University of North Carolina School of Public Health, Chapel Hill, NC, USA, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA, Cirurgia de Cabeça e Pescoço (LIM 28), Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil, Departments of Epidemiology and Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, and Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Michigan Ann Arbor, Ann Arbor, MI, USA, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA, Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute, Nagoya, Japan, Institute of Public Health, Bucharest, Romania, University of Aberdeen Dental School, Aberdeen, UK, The M Skasodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology, Department of Cancer Epidemiology and Pre
| | - Ivana Holcatova
- Faculdade de Saúde Pública, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil, Croatian National Cancer Registry, Zagreb, Croatia, UCLA School of Public Health, Los Angeles, CA, USA, Medical Informatics Center, Peking University, Beijing, China, and New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, USA, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA, UT-MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA, Institute of Oncology Angel H. Roffo, University of Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA, School of Dental Sciences, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, UK, Aviano Cancer Centre, Aviano, Italy, Institute of Occupational Medicine, Lodz, Poland, College of Public Health, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA, Cancer Research Centre, Moscow, Russia, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA, New York Eye and Ear Infirmary, New York, NY, USA, National Institute of Environmental Health, Budapest, Hungary, Department of Medical Science, Cancer Epidemiology Unit, University of Turin, Turin, Italy, Institute of Public Health, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany, University of North Carolina School of Public Health, Chapel Hill, NC, USA, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA, Cirurgia de Cabeça e Pescoço (LIM 28), Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil, Departments of Epidemiology and Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, and Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Michigan Ann Arbor, Ann Arbor, MI, USA, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA, Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute, Nagoya, Japan, Institute of Public Health, Bucharest, Romania, University of Aberdeen Dental School, Aberdeen, UK, The M Skasodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology, Department of Cancer Epidemiology and Pre
| | - Rolando Herrero
- Faculdade de Saúde Pública, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil, Croatian National Cancer Registry, Zagreb, Croatia, UCLA School of Public Health, Los Angeles, CA, USA, Medical Informatics Center, Peking University, Beijing, China, and New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, USA, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA, UT-MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA, Institute of Oncology Angel H. Roffo, University of Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA, School of Dental Sciences, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, UK, Aviano Cancer Centre, Aviano, Italy, Institute of Occupational Medicine, Lodz, Poland, College of Public Health, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA, Cancer Research Centre, Moscow, Russia, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA, New York Eye and Ear Infirmary, New York, NY, USA, National Institute of Environmental Health, Budapest, Hungary, Department of Medical Science, Cancer Epidemiology Unit, University of Turin, Turin, Italy, Institute of Public Health, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany, University of North Carolina School of Public Health, Chapel Hill, NC, USA, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA, Cirurgia de Cabeça e Pescoço (LIM 28), Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil, Departments of Epidemiology and Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, and Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Michigan Ann Arbor, Ann Arbor, MI, USA, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA, Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute, Nagoya, Japan, Institute of Public Health, Bucharest, Romania, University of Aberdeen Dental School, Aberdeen, UK, The M Skasodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology, Department of Cancer Epidemiology and Pre
| | - Claire Healy
- Faculdade de Saúde Pública, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil, Croatian National Cancer Registry, Zagreb, Croatia, UCLA School of Public Health, Los Angeles, CA, USA, Medical Informatics Center, Peking University, Beijing, China, and New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, USA, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA, UT-MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA, Institute of Oncology Angel H. Roffo, University of Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA, School of Dental Sciences, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, UK, Aviano Cancer Centre, Aviano, Italy, Institute of Occupational Medicine, Lodz, Poland, College of Public Health, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA, Cancer Research Centre, Moscow, Russia, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA, New York Eye and Ear Infirmary, New York, NY, USA, National Institute of Environmental Health, Budapest, Hungary, Department of Medical Science, Cancer Epidemiology Unit, University of Turin, Turin, Italy, Institute of Public Health, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany, University of North Carolina School of Public Health, Chapel Hill, NC, USA, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA, Cirurgia de Cabeça e Pescoço (LIM 28), Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil, Departments of Epidemiology and Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, and Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Michigan Ann Arbor, Ann Arbor, MI, USA, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA, Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute, Nagoya, Japan, Institute of Public Health, Bucharest, Romania, University of Aberdeen Dental School, Aberdeen, UK, The M Skasodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology, Department of Cancer Epidemiology and Pre
| | - Richard B Hayes
- Faculdade de Saúde Pública, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil, Croatian National Cancer Registry, Zagreb, Croatia, UCLA School of Public Health, Los Angeles, CA, USA, Medical Informatics Center, Peking University, Beijing, China, and New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, USA, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA, UT-MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA, Institute of Oncology Angel H. Roffo, University of Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA, School of Dental Sciences, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, UK, Aviano Cancer Centre, Aviano, Italy, Institute of Occupational Medicine, Lodz, Poland, College of Public Health, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA, Cancer Research Centre, Moscow, Russia, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA, New York Eye and Ear Infirmary, New York, NY, USA, National Institute of Environmental Health, Budapest, Hungary, Department of Medical Science, Cancer Epidemiology Unit, University of Turin, Turin, Italy, Institute of Public Health, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany, University of North Carolina School of Public Health, Chapel Hill, NC, USA, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA, Cirurgia de Cabeça e Pescoço (LIM 28), Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil, Departments of Epidemiology and Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, and Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Michigan Ann Arbor, Ann Arbor, MI, USA, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA, Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute, Nagoya, Japan, Institute of Public Health, Bucharest, Romania, University of Aberdeen Dental School, Aberdeen, UK, The M Skasodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology, Department of Cancer Epidemiology and Pre
| | - Silvia Franceschi
- Faculdade de Saúde Pública, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil, Croatian National Cancer Registry, Zagreb, Croatia, UCLA School of Public Health, Los Angeles, CA, USA, Medical Informatics Center, Peking University, Beijing, China, and New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, USA, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA, UT-MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA, Institute of Oncology Angel H. Roffo, University of Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA, School of Dental Sciences, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, UK, Aviano Cancer Centre, Aviano, Italy, Institute of Occupational Medicine, Lodz, Poland, College of Public Health, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA, Cancer Research Centre, Moscow, Russia, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA, New York Eye and Ear Infirmary, New York, NY, USA, National Institute of Environmental Health, Budapest, Hungary, Department of Medical Science, Cancer Epidemiology Unit, University of Turin, Turin, Italy, Institute of Public Health, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany, University of North Carolina School of Public Health, Chapel Hill, NC, USA, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA, Cirurgia de Cabeça e Pescoço (LIM 28), Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil, Departments of Epidemiology and Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, and Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Michigan Ann Arbor, Ann Arbor, MI, USA, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA, Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute, Nagoya, Japan, Institute of Public Health, Bucharest, Romania, University of Aberdeen Dental School, Aberdeen, UK, The M Skasodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology, Department of Cancer Epidemiology and Pre
| | - Leticia Fernandez
- Faculdade de Saúde Pública, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil, Croatian National Cancer Registry, Zagreb, Croatia, UCLA School of Public Health, Los Angeles, CA, USA, Medical Informatics Center, Peking University, Beijing, China, and New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, USA, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA, UT-MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA, Institute of Oncology Angel H. Roffo, University of Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA, School of Dental Sciences, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, UK, Aviano Cancer Centre, Aviano, Italy, Institute of Occupational Medicine, Lodz, Poland, College of Public Health, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA, Cancer Research Centre, Moscow, Russia, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA, New York Eye and Ear Infirmary, New York, NY, USA, National Institute of Environmental Health, Budapest, Hungary, Department of Medical Science, Cancer Epidemiology Unit, University of Turin, Turin, Italy, Institute of Public Health, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany, University of North Carolina School of Public Health, Chapel Hill, NC, USA, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA, Cirurgia de Cabeça e Pescoço (LIM 28), Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil, Departments of Epidemiology and Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, and Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Michigan Ann Arbor, Ann Arbor, MI, USA, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA, Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute, Nagoya, Japan, Institute of Public Health, Bucharest, Romania, University of Aberdeen Dental School, Aberdeen, UK, The M Skasodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology, Department of Cancer Epidemiology and Pre
| | - Eleonora Fabianova
- Faculdade de Saúde Pública, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil, Croatian National Cancer Registry, Zagreb, Croatia, UCLA School of Public Health, Los Angeles, CA, USA, Medical Informatics Center, Peking University, Beijing, China, and New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, USA, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA, UT-MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA, Institute of Oncology Angel H. Roffo, University of Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA, School of Dental Sciences, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, UK, Aviano Cancer Centre, Aviano, Italy, Institute of Occupational Medicine, Lodz, Poland, College of Public Health, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA, Cancer Research Centre, Moscow, Russia, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA, New York Eye and Ear Infirmary, New York, NY, USA, National Institute of Environmental Health, Budapest, Hungary, Department of Medical Science, Cancer Epidemiology Unit, University of Turin, Turin, Italy, Institute of Public Health, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany, University of North Carolina School of Public Health, Chapel Hill, NC, USA, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA, Cirurgia de Cabeça e Pescoço (LIM 28), Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil, Departments of Epidemiology and Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, and Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Michigan Ann Arbor, Ann Arbor, MI, USA, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA, Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute, Nagoya, Japan, Institute of Public Health, Bucharest, Romania, University of Aberdeen Dental School, Aberdeen, UK, The M Skasodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology, Department of Cancer Epidemiology and Pre
| | - Alexander W Daudt
- Faculdade de Saúde Pública, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil, Croatian National Cancer Registry, Zagreb, Croatia, UCLA School of Public Health, Los Angeles, CA, USA, Medical Informatics Center, Peking University, Beijing, China, and New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, USA, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA, UT-MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA, Institute of Oncology Angel H. Roffo, University of Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA, School of Dental Sciences, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, UK, Aviano Cancer Centre, Aviano, Italy, Institute of Occupational Medicine, Lodz, Poland, College of Public Health, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA, Cancer Research Centre, Moscow, Russia, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA, New York Eye and Ear Infirmary, New York, NY, USA, National Institute of Environmental Health, Budapest, Hungary, Department of Medical Science, Cancer Epidemiology Unit, University of Turin, Turin, Italy, Institute of Public Health, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany, University of North Carolina School of Public Health, Chapel Hill, NC, USA, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA, Cirurgia de Cabeça e Pescoço (LIM 28), Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil, Departments of Epidemiology and Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, and Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Michigan Ann Arbor, Ann Arbor, MI, USA, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA, Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute, Nagoya, Japan, Institute of Public Health, Bucharest, Romania, University of Aberdeen Dental School, Aberdeen, UK, The M Skasodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology, Department of Cancer Epidemiology and Pre
| | - Otávio Alberto Curioni
- Faculdade de Saúde Pública, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil, Croatian National Cancer Registry, Zagreb, Croatia, UCLA School of Public Health, Los Angeles, CA, USA, Medical Informatics Center, Peking University, Beijing, China, and New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, USA, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA, UT-MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA, Institute of Oncology Angel H. Roffo, University of Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA, School of Dental Sciences, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, UK, Aviano Cancer Centre, Aviano, Italy, Institute of Occupational Medicine, Lodz, Poland, College of Public Health, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA, Cancer Research Centre, Moscow, Russia, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA, New York Eye and Ear Infirmary, New York, NY, USA, National Institute of Environmental Health, Budapest, Hungary, Department of Medical Science, Cancer Epidemiology Unit, University of Turin, Turin, Italy, Institute of Public Health, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany, University of North Carolina School of Public Health, Chapel Hill, NC, USA, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA, Cirurgia de Cabeça e Pescoço (LIM 28), Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil, Departments of Epidemiology and Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, and Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Michigan Ann Arbor, Ann Arbor, MI, USA, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA, Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute, Nagoya, Japan, Institute of Public Health, Bucharest, Romania, University of Aberdeen Dental School, Aberdeen, UK, The M Skasodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology, Department of Cancer Epidemiology and Pre
| | - Luigino Dal Maso
- Faculdade de Saúde Pública, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil, Croatian National Cancer Registry, Zagreb, Croatia, UCLA School of Public Health, Los Angeles, CA, USA, Medical Informatics Center, Peking University, Beijing, China, and New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, USA, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA, UT-MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA, Institute of Oncology Angel H. Roffo, University of Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA, School of Dental Sciences, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, UK, Aviano Cancer Centre, Aviano, Italy, Institute of Occupational Medicine, Lodz, Poland, College of Public Health, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA, Cancer Research Centre, Moscow, Russia, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA, New York Eye and Ear Infirmary, New York, NY, USA, National Institute of Environmental Health, Budapest, Hungary, Department of Medical Science, Cancer Epidemiology Unit, University of Turin, Turin, Italy, Institute of Public Health, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany, University of North Carolina School of Public Health, Chapel Hill, NC, USA, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA, Cirurgia de Cabeça e Pescoço (LIM 28), Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil, Departments of Epidemiology and Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, and Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Michigan Ann Arbor, Ann Arbor, MI, USA, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA, Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute, Nagoya, Japan, Institute of Public Health, Bucharest, Romania, University of Aberdeen Dental School, Aberdeen, UK, The M Skasodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology, Department of Cancer Epidemiology and Pre
| | - Maria Paula Curado
- Faculdade de Saúde Pública, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil, Croatian National Cancer Registry, Zagreb, Croatia, UCLA School of Public Health, Los Angeles, CA, USA, Medical Informatics Center, Peking University, Beijing, China, and New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, USA, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA, UT-MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA, Institute of Oncology Angel H. Roffo, University of Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA, School of Dental Sciences, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, UK, Aviano Cancer Centre, Aviano, Italy, Institute of Occupational Medicine, Lodz, Poland, College of Public Health, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA, Cancer Research Centre, Moscow, Russia, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA, New York Eye and Ear Infirmary, New York, NY, USA, National Institute of Environmental Health, Budapest, Hungary, Department of Medical Science, Cancer Epidemiology Unit, University of Turin, Turin, Italy, Institute of Public Health, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany, University of North Carolina School of Public Health, Chapel Hill, NC, USA, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA, Cirurgia de Cabeça e Pescoço (LIM 28), Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil, Departments of Epidemiology and Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, and Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Michigan Ann Arbor, Ann Arbor, MI, USA, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA, Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute, Nagoya, Japan, Institute of Public Health, Bucharest, Romania, University of Aberdeen Dental School, Aberdeen, UK, The M Skasodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology, Department of Cancer Epidemiology and Pre
| | - David I Conway
- Faculdade de Saúde Pública, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil, Croatian National Cancer Registry, Zagreb, Croatia, UCLA School of Public Health, Los Angeles, CA, USA, Medical Informatics Center, Peking University, Beijing, China, and New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, USA, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA, UT-MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA, Institute of Oncology Angel H. Roffo, University of Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA, School of Dental Sciences, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, UK, Aviano Cancer Centre, Aviano, Italy, Institute of Occupational Medicine, Lodz, Poland, College of Public Health, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA, Cancer Research Centre, Moscow, Russia, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA, New York Eye and Ear Infirmary, New York, NY, USA, National Institute of Environmental Health, Budapest, Hungary, Department of Medical Science, Cancer Epidemiology Unit, University of Turin, Turin, Italy, Institute of Public Health, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany, University of North Carolina School of Public Health, Chapel Hill, NC, USA, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA, Cirurgia de Cabeça e Pescoço (LIM 28), Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil, Departments of Epidemiology and Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, and Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Michigan Ann Arbor, Ann Arbor, MI, USA, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA, Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute, Nagoya, Japan, Institute of Public Health, Bucharest, Romania, University of Aberdeen Dental School, Aberdeen, UK, The M Skasodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology, Department of Cancer Epidemiology and Pre
| | - Chu Chen
- Faculdade de Saúde Pública, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil, Croatian National Cancer Registry, Zagreb, Croatia, UCLA School of Public Health, Los Angeles, CA, USA, Medical Informatics Center, Peking University, Beijing, China, and New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, USA, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA, UT-MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA, Institute of Oncology Angel H. Roffo, University of Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA, School of Dental Sciences, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, UK, Aviano Cancer Centre, Aviano, Italy, Institute of Occupational Medicine, Lodz, Poland, College of Public Health, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA, Cancer Research Centre, Moscow, Russia, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA, New York Eye and Ear Infirmary, New York, NY, USA, National Institute of Environmental Health, Budapest, Hungary, Department of Medical Science, Cancer Epidemiology Unit, University of Turin, Turin, Italy, Institute of Public Health, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany, University of North Carolina School of Public Health, Chapel Hill, NC, USA, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA, Cirurgia de Cabeça e Pescoço (LIM 28), Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil, Departments of Epidemiology and Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, and Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Michigan Ann Arbor, Ann Arbor, MI, USA, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA, Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute, Nagoya, Japan, Institute of Public Health, Bucharest, Romania, University of Aberdeen Dental School, Aberdeen, UK, The M Skasodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology, Department of Cancer Epidemiology and Pre
| | - Xavier Castellsague
- Faculdade de Saúde Pública, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil, Croatian National Cancer Registry, Zagreb, Croatia, UCLA School of Public Health, Los Angeles, CA, USA, Medical Informatics Center, Peking University, Beijing, China, and New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, USA, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA, UT-MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA, Institute of Oncology Angel H. Roffo, University of Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA, School of Dental Sciences, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, UK, Aviano Cancer Centre, Aviano, Italy, Institute of Occupational Medicine, Lodz, Poland, College of Public Health, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA, Cancer Research Centre, Moscow, Russia, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA, New York Eye and Ear Infirmary, New York, NY, USA, National Institute of Environmental Health, Budapest, Hungary, Department of Medical Science, Cancer Epidemiology Unit, University of Turin, Turin, Italy, Institute of Public Health, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany, University of North Carolina School of Public Health, Chapel Hill, NC, USA, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA, Cirurgia de Cabeça e Pescoço (LIM 28), Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil, Departments of Epidemiology and Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, and Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Michigan Ann Arbor, Ann Arbor, MI, USA, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA, Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute, Nagoya, Japan, Institute of Public Health, Bucharest, Romania, University of Aberdeen Dental School, Aberdeen, UK, The M Skasodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology, Department of Cancer Epidemiology and Pre
| | - Cristina Canova
- Faculdade de Saúde Pública, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil, Croatian National Cancer Registry, Zagreb, Croatia, UCLA School of Public Health, Los Angeles, CA, USA, Medical Informatics Center, Peking University, Beijing, China, and New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, USA, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA, UT-MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA, Institute of Oncology Angel H. Roffo, University of Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA, School of Dental Sciences, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, UK, Aviano Cancer Centre, Aviano, Italy, Institute of Occupational Medicine, Lodz, Poland, College of Public Health, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA, Cancer Research Centre, Moscow, Russia, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA, New York Eye and Ear Infirmary, New York, NY, USA, National Institute of Environmental Health, Budapest, Hungary, Department of Medical Science, Cancer Epidemiology Unit, University of Turin, Turin, Italy, Institute of Public Health, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany, University of North Carolina School of Public Health, Chapel Hill, NC, USA, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA, Cirurgia de Cabeça e Pescoço (LIM 28), Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil, Departments of Epidemiology and Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, and Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Michigan Ann Arbor, Ann Arbor, MI, USA, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA, Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute, Nagoya, Japan, Institute of Public Health, Bucharest, Romania, University of Aberdeen Dental School, Aberdeen, UK, The M Skasodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology, Department of Cancer Epidemiology and Pre
| | - Gabriella Cadoni
- Faculdade de Saúde Pública, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil, Croatian National Cancer Registry, Zagreb, Croatia, UCLA School of Public Health, Los Angeles, CA, USA, Medical Informatics Center, Peking University, Beijing, China, and New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, USA, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA, UT-MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA, Institute of Oncology Angel H. Roffo, University of Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA, School of Dental Sciences, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, UK, Aviano Cancer Centre, Aviano, Italy, Institute of Occupational Medicine, Lodz, Poland, College of Public Health, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA, Cancer Research Centre, Moscow, Russia, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA, New York Eye and Ear Infirmary, New York, NY, USA, National Institute of Environmental Health, Budapest, Hungary, Department of Medical Science, Cancer Epidemiology Unit, University of Turin, Turin, Italy, Institute of Public Health, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany, University of North Carolina School of Public Health, Chapel Hill, NC, USA, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA, Cirurgia de Cabeça e Pescoço (LIM 28), Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil, Departments of Epidemiology and Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, and Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Michigan Ann Arbor, Ann Arbor, MI, USA, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA, Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute, Nagoya, Japan, Institute of Public Health, Bucharest, Romania, University of Aberdeen Dental School, Aberdeen, UK, The M Skasodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology, Department of Cancer Epidemiology and Pre
| | - Paul Brennan
- Faculdade de Saúde Pública, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil, Croatian National Cancer Registry, Zagreb, Croatia, UCLA School of Public Health, Los Angeles, CA, USA, Medical Informatics Center, Peking University, Beijing, China, and New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, USA, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA, UT-MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA, Institute of Oncology Angel H. Roffo, University of Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA, School of Dental Sciences, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, UK, Aviano Cancer Centre, Aviano, Italy, Institute of Occupational Medicine, Lodz, Poland, College of Public Health, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA, Cancer Research Centre, Moscow, Russia, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA, New York Eye and Ear Infirmary, New York, NY, USA, National Institute of Environmental Health, Budapest, Hungary, Department of Medical Science, Cancer Epidemiology Unit, University of Turin, Turin, Italy, Institute of Public Health, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany, University of North Carolina School of Public Health, Chapel Hill, NC, USA, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA, Cirurgia de Cabeça e Pescoço (LIM 28), Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil, Departments of Epidemiology and Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, and Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Michigan Ann Arbor, Ann Arbor, MI, USA, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA, Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute, Nagoya, Japan, Institute of Public Health, Bucharest, Romania, University of Aberdeen Dental School, Aberdeen, UK, The M Skasodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology, Department of Cancer Epidemiology and Pre
| | - Stefania Boccia
- Faculdade de Saúde Pública, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil, Croatian National Cancer Registry, Zagreb, Croatia, UCLA School of Public Health, Los Angeles, CA, USA, Medical Informatics Center, Peking University, Beijing, China, and New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, USA, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA, UT-MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA, Institute of Oncology Angel H. Roffo, University of Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA, School of Dental Sciences, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, UK, Aviano Cancer Centre, Aviano, Italy, Institute of Occupational Medicine, Lodz, Poland, College of Public Health, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA, Cancer Research Centre, Moscow, Russia, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA, New York Eye and Ear Infirmary, New York, NY, USA, National Institute of Environmental Health, Budapest, Hungary, Department of Medical Science, Cancer Epidemiology Unit, University of Turin, Turin, Italy, Institute of Public Health, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany, University of North Carolina School of Public Health, Chapel Hill, NC, USA, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA, Cirurgia de Cabeça e Pescoço (LIM 28), Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil, Departments of Epidemiology and Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, and Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Michigan Ann Arbor, Ann Arbor, MI, USA, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA, Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute, Nagoya, Japan, Institute of Public Health, Bucharest, Romania, University of Aberdeen Dental School, Aberdeen, UK, The M Skasodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology, Department of Cancer Epidemiology and Pre
| | - José Leopoldo Ferreira Antunes
- Faculdade de Saúde Pública, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil, Croatian National Cancer Registry, Zagreb, Croatia, UCLA School of Public Health, Los Angeles, CA, USA, Medical Informatics Center, Peking University, Beijing, China, and New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, USA, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA, UT-MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA, Institute of Oncology Angel H. Roffo, University of Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA, School of Dental Sciences, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, UK, Aviano Cancer Centre, Aviano, Italy, Institute of Occupational Medicine, Lodz, Poland, College of Public Health, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA, Cancer Research Centre, Moscow, Russia, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA, New York Eye and Ear Infirmary, New York, NY, USA, National Institute of Environmental Health, Budapest, Hungary, Department of Medical Science, Cancer Epidemiology Unit, University of Turin, Turin, Italy, Institute of Public Health, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany, University of North Carolina School of Public Health, Chapel Hill, NC, USA, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA, Cirurgia de Cabeça e Pescoço (LIM 28), Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil, Departments of Epidemiology and Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, and Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Michigan Ann Arbor, Ann Arbor, MI, USA, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA, Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute, Nagoya, Japan, Institute of Public Health, Bucharest, Romania, University of Aberdeen Dental School, Aberdeen, UK, The M Skasodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology, Department of Cancer Epidemiology and Pre
| | - Wolfgang Ahrens
- Faculdade de Saúde Pública, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil, Croatian National Cancer Registry, Zagreb, Croatia, UCLA School of Public Health, Los Angeles, CA, USA, Medical Informatics Center, Peking University, Beijing, China, and New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, USA, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA, UT-MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA, Institute of Oncology Angel H. Roffo, University of Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA, School of Dental Sciences, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, UK, Aviano Cancer Centre, Aviano, Italy, Institute of Occupational Medicine, Lodz, Poland, College of Public Health, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA, Cancer Research Centre, Moscow, Russia, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA, New York Eye and Ear Infirmary, New York, NY, USA, National Institute of Environmental Health, Budapest, Hungary, Department of Medical Science, Cancer Epidemiology Unit, University of Turin, Turin, Italy, Institute of Public Health, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany, University of North Carolina School of Public Health, Chapel Hill, NC, USA, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA, Cirurgia de Cabeça e Pescoço (LIM 28), Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil, Departments of Epidemiology and Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, and Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Michigan Ann Arbor, Ann Arbor, MI, USA, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA, Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute, Nagoya, Japan, Institute of Public Health, Bucharest, Romania, University of Aberdeen Dental School, Aberdeen, UK, The M Skasodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology, Department of Cancer Epidemiology and Pre
| | - Antonio Agudo
- Faculdade de Saúde Pública, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil, Croatian National Cancer Registry, Zagreb, Croatia, UCLA School of Public Health, Los Angeles, CA, USA, Medical Informatics Center, Peking University, Beijing, China, and New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, USA, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA, UT-MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA, Institute of Oncology Angel H. Roffo, University of Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA, School of Dental Sciences, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, UK, Aviano Cancer Centre, Aviano, Italy, Institute of Occupational Medicine, Lodz, Poland, College of Public Health, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA, Cancer Research Centre, Moscow, Russia, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA, New York Eye and Ear Infirmary, New York, NY, USA, National Institute of Environmental Health, Budapest, Hungary, Department of Medical Science, Cancer Epidemiology Unit, University of Turin, Turin, Italy, Institute of Public Health, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany, University of North Carolina School of Public Health, Chapel Hill, NC, USA, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA, Cirurgia de Cabeça e Pescoço (LIM 28), Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil, Departments of Epidemiology and Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, and Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Michigan Ann Arbor, Ann Arbor, MI, USA, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA, Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute, Nagoya, Japan, Institute of Public Health, Bucharest, Romania, University of Aberdeen Dental School, Aberdeen, UK, The M Skasodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology, Department of Cancer Epidemiology and Pre
| | - Paolo Boffetta
- Faculdade de Saúde Pública, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil, Croatian National Cancer Registry, Zagreb, Croatia, UCLA School of Public Health, Los Angeles, CA, USA, Medical Informatics Center, Peking University, Beijing, China, and New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, USA, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA, UT-MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA, Institute of Oncology Angel H. Roffo, University of Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA, School of Dental Sciences, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, UK, Aviano Cancer Centre, Aviano, Italy, Institute of Occupational Medicine, Lodz, Poland, College of Public Health, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA, Cancer Research Centre, Moscow, Russia, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA, New York Eye and Ear Infirmary, New York, NY, USA, National Institute of Environmental Health, Budapest, Hungary, Department of Medical Science, Cancer Epidemiology Unit, University of Turin, Turin, Italy, Institute of Public Health, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany, University of North Carolina School of Public Health, Chapel Hill, NC, USA, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA, Cirurgia de Cabeça e Pescoço (LIM 28), Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil, Departments of Epidemiology and Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, and Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Michigan Ann Arbor, Ann Arbor, MI, USA, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA, Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute, Nagoya, Japan, Institute of Public Health, Bucharest, Romania, University of Aberdeen Dental School, Aberdeen, UK, The M Skasodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology, Department of Cancer Epidemiology and Pre
| | - Mia Hashibe
- Faculdade de Saúde Pública, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil, Croatian National Cancer Registry, Zagreb, Croatia, UCLA School of Public Health, Los Angeles, CA, USA, Medical Informatics Center, Peking University, Beijing, China, and New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, USA, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA, UT-MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA, Institute of Oncology Angel H. Roffo, University of Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA, School of Dental Sciences, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, UK, Aviano Cancer Centre, Aviano, Italy, Institute of Occupational Medicine, Lodz, Poland, College of Public Health, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA, Cancer Research Centre, Moscow, Russia, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA, New York Eye and Ear Infirmary, New York, NY, USA, National Institute of Environmental Health, Budapest, Hungary, Department of Medical Science, Cancer Epidemiology Unit, University of Turin, Turin, Italy, Institute of Public Health, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany, University of North Carolina School of Public Health, Chapel Hill, NC, USA, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA, Cirurgia de Cabeça e Pescoço (LIM 28), Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil, Departments of Epidemiology and Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, and Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Michigan Ann Arbor, Ann Arbor, MI, USA, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA, Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute, Nagoya, Japan, Institute of Public Health, Bucharest, Romania, University of Aberdeen Dental School, Aberdeen, UK, The M Skasodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology, Department of Cancer Epidemiology and Pre
| | - Yuan-Chin Amy Lee
- Faculdade de Saúde Pública, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil, Croatian National Cancer Registry, Zagreb, Croatia, UCLA School of Public Health, Los Angeles, CA, USA, Medical Informatics Center, Peking University, Beijing, China, and New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, USA, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA, UT-MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA, Institute of Oncology Angel H. Roffo, University of Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA, School of Dental Sciences, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, UK, Aviano Cancer Centre, Aviano, Italy, Institute of Occupational Medicine, Lodz, Poland, College of Public Health, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA, Cancer Research Centre, Moscow, Russia, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA, New York Eye and Ear Infirmary, New York, NY, USA, National Institute of Environmental Health, Budapest, Hungary, Department of Medical Science, Cancer Epidemiology Unit, University of Turin, Turin, Italy, Institute of Public Health, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany, University of North Carolina School of Public Health, Chapel Hill, NC, USA, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA, Cirurgia de Cabeça e Pescoço (LIM 28), Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil, Departments of Epidemiology and Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, and Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Michigan Ann Arbor, Ann Arbor, MI, USA, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA, Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute, Nagoya, Japan, Institute of Public Health, Bucharest, Romania, University of Aberdeen Dental School, Aberdeen, UK, The M Skasodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology, Department of Cancer Epidemiology and Pre
| | - Victor Wünsch Filho
- Faculdade de Saúde Pública, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil, Croatian National Cancer Registry, Zagreb, Croatia, UCLA School of Public Health, Los Angeles, CA, USA, Medical Informatics Center, Peking University, Beijing, China, and New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, USA, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA, UT-MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA, Institute of Oncology Angel H. Roffo, University of Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA, School of Dental Sciences, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, UK, Aviano Cancer Centre, Aviano, Italy, Institute of Occupational Medicine, Lodz, Poland, College of Public Health, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA, Cancer Research Centre, Moscow, Russia, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA, New York Eye and Ear Infirmary, New York, NY, USA, National Institute of Environmental Health, Budapest, Hungary, Department of Medical Science, Cancer Epidemiology Unit, University of Turin, Turin, Italy, Institute of Public Health, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany, University of North Carolina School of Public Health, Chapel Hill, NC, USA, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA, Cirurgia de Cabeça e Pescoço (LIM 28), Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil, Departments of Epidemiology and Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, and Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Michigan Ann Arbor, Ann Arbor, MI, USA, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA, Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute, Nagoya, Japan, Institute of Public Health, Bucharest, Romania, University of Aberdeen Dental School, Aberdeen, UK, The M Skasodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology, Department of Cancer Epidemiology and Pre
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Cadoni G, Gaetani E, Picciotti PM, Arzani D, Quarta M, Giannantonio S, Paludetti G, Boccia S. A case-control study on proinflammatory genetic Polymorphisms on sudden sensorineural hearing loss. Laryngoscope 2014; 125:E28-32. [DOI: 10.1002/lary.24743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2013] [Revised: 04/22/2014] [Accepted: 04/26/2014] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gabriella Cadoni
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology; Catholic University of the Sacred Heart; Rome Italy
| | - Eleonora Gaetani
- Department of Special Pathology and Medical Semiotics; Catholic University of the Sacred Heart; Rome Italy
| | | | - Dario Arzani
- Department of Hygiene; Catholic University of the Sacred Heart; Rome Italy
| | - Miriam Quarta
- Department of Special Pathology and Medical Semiotics; Catholic University of the Sacred Heart; Rome Italy
| | - Sara Giannantonio
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology; Catholic University of the Sacred Heart; Rome Italy
| | - Gaetano Paludetti
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology; Catholic University of the Sacred Heart; Rome Italy
| | - Stefania Boccia
- Department of Hygiene; Catholic University of the Sacred Heart; Rome Italy
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Leoncini E, Ricciardi W, Cadoni G, Arzani D, Petrelli L, Paludetti G, Brennan P, Luce D, Stucker I, Matsuo K, Talamini R, La Vecchia C, Olshan AF, Winn DM, Herrero R, Franceschi S, Castellsague X, Muscat J, Morgenstern H, Zhang ZF, Levi F, Dal Maso L, Kelsey K, McClean M, Vaughan TL, Lazarus P, Purdue MP, Hayes RB, Chen C, Schwartz SM, Shangina O, Koifman S, Ahrens W, Matos E, Lagiou P, Lissowska J, Szeszenia-Dabrowska N, Fernandez L, Menezes A, Agudo A, Daudt AW, Richiardi L, Kjaerheim K, Mates D, Betka J, Yu GP, Schantz S, Simonato L, Brenner H, Conway DI, Macfarlane TV, Thomson P, Fabianova E, Znaor A, Rudnai P, Healy C, Boffetta P, Chuang SC, Lee YCA, Hashibe M, Boccia S. Adult height and head and neck cancer: a pooled analysis within the INHANCE Consortium. Eur J Epidemiol 2013; 29:35-48. [PMID: 24271556 DOI: 10.1007/s10654-013-9863-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2013] [Accepted: 11/04/2013] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Several epidemiological studies have shown a positive association between adult height and cancer incidence. The only study conducted among women on mouth and pharynx cancer risk, however, reported an inverse association. This study aims to investigate the association between height and the risk of head and neck cancer (HNC) within a large international consortium of HNC. We analyzed pooled individual-level data from 24 case-control studies participating in the International Head and Neck Cancer Epidemiology Consortium. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated separately for men and women for associations between height and HNC risk. Educational level, tobacco smoking, and alcohol consumption were included in all regression models. Stratified analyses by HNC subsites were performed. This project included 17,666 cases and 28,198 controls. We found an inverse association between height and HNC (adjusted OR per 10 cm height = 0.91, 95% CI 0.86-0.95 for men; adjusted OR = 0.86, 95% CI 0.79-0.93 for women). In men, the estimated OR did vary by educational level, smoking status, geographic area, and control source. No differences by subsites were detected. Adult height is inversely associated with HNC risk. As height can be considered a marker of childhood illness and low energy intake, the inverse association is consistent with prior studies showing that HNC occur more frequently among deprived individuals. Further studies designed to elucidate the mechanism of such association would be warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emanuele Leoncini
- Section of Hygiene, Institute of Public Health, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
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Wyss A, Hashibe M, Chuang SC, Lee YCA, Zhang ZF, Yu GP, Winn DM, Wei Q, Talamini R, Szeszenia-Dabrowska N, Sturgis EM, Smith E, Shangina O, Schwartz SM, Schantz S, Rudnai P, Purdue MP, Eluf-Neto J, Muscat J, Morgenstern H, Michaluart P, Menezes A, Matos E, Mates IN, Lissowska J, Levi F, Lazarus P, La Vecchia C, Koifman S, Herrero R, Hayes RB, Franceschi S, Wünsch-Filho V, Fernandez L, Fabianova E, Daudt AW, Dal Maso L, Curado MP, Chen C, Castellsague X, de Carvalho MB, Cadoni G, Boccia S, Brennan P, Boffetta P, Olshan AF. Cigarette, cigar, and pipe smoking and the risk of head and neck cancers: pooled analysis in the International Head and Neck Cancer Epidemiology Consortium. Am J Epidemiol 2013; 178:679-90. [PMID: 23817919 DOI: 10.1093/aje/kwt029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 168] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Cigar and pipe smoking are considered risk factors for head and neck cancers, but the magnitude of effect estimates for these products has been imprecisely estimated. By using pooled data from the International Head and Neck Cancer Epidemiology (INHANCE) Consortium (comprising 13,935 cases and 18,691 controls in 19 studies from 1981 to 2007), we applied hierarchical logistic regression to more precisely estimate odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals for cigarette, cigar, and pipe smoking separately, compared with reference groups of those who had never smoked each single product. Odds ratios for cigar and pipe smoking were stratified by ever cigarette smoking. We also considered effect estimates of smoking a single product exclusively versus never having smoked any product (reference group). Among never cigarette smokers, the odds ratio for ever cigar smoking was 2.54 (95% confidence interval (CI): 1.93, 3.34), and the odds ratio for ever pipe smoking was 2.08 (95% CI: 1.55, 2.81). These odds ratios increased with increasing frequency and duration of smoking (Ptrend ≤ 0.0001). Odds ratios for cigar and pipe smoking were not elevated among ever cigarette smokers. Head and neck cancer risk was elevated for those who reported exclusive cigar smoking (odds ratio = 3.49, 95% CI: 2.58, 4.73) or exclusive pipe smoking (odds ratio = 3.71, 95% CI: 2.59, 5.33). These results suggest that cigar and pipe smoking are independently associated with increased risk of head and neck cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annah Wyss
- Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA.
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Chuang SC, Jenab M, Heck JE, Bosetti C, Talamini R, Matsuo K, Castellsague X, Franceschi S, Herrero R, Winn DM, La Vecchia C, Morgenstern H, Zhang ZF, Levi F, Dal Maso L, Kelsey K, McClean MD, Vaughan T, Lazarus P, Muscat J, Ramroth H, Chen C, Schwartz SM, Eluf-Neto J, Hayes RB, Purdue M, Boccia S, Cadoni G, Zaridze D, Koifman S, Curado MP, Ahrens W, Benhamou S, Matos E, Lagiou P, Szeszenia-Dabrowska N, Olshan AF, Fernandez L, Menezes A, Agudo A, Daudt AW, Merletti F, Macfarlane GJ, Kjaerheim K, Mates D, Holcatova I, Schantz S, Yu GP, Simonato L, Brenner H, Mueller H, Conway DI, Thomson P, Fabianova E, Znaor A, Rudnai P, Healy CM, Ferro G, Brennan P, Boffetta P, Hashibe M. Diet and the risk of head and neck cancer: a pooled analysis in the INHANCE consortium. Cancer Causes Control 2011; 23:69-88. [PMID: 22037906 DOI: 10.1007/s10552-011-9857-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2011] [Accepted: 10/08/2011] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
We investigated the association between diet and head and neck cancer (HNC) risk using data from the International Head and Neck Cancer Epidemiology (INHANCE) consortium. The INHANCE pooled data included 22 case-control studies with 14,520 cases and 22,737 controls. Center-specific quartiles among the controls were used for food groups, and frequencies per week were used for single food items. A dietary pattern score combining high fruit and vegetable intake and low red meat intake was created. Odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for the dietary items on the risk of HNC were estimated with a two-stage random-effects logistic regression model. An inverse association was observed for higher-frequency intake of fruit (4th vs. 1st quartile OR = 0.52, 95% CI = 0.43-0.62, p (trend) < 0.01) and vegetables (OR = 0.66, 95% CI = 0.49-0.90, p (trend) = 0.01). Intake of red meat (OR = 1.40, 95% CI = 1.13-1.74, p (trend) = 0.13) and processed meat (OR = 1.37, 95% CI = 1.14-1.65, p (trend) < 0.01) was positively associated with HNC risk. Higher dietary pattern scores, reflecting high fruit/vegetable and low red meat intake, were associated with reduced HNC risk (per score increment OR = 0.90, 95% CI = 0.84-0.97).
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Nicolotti N, Chuang SC, Cadoni G, Arzani D, Petrelli L, Bosetti C, Brenner H, Hosono S, La Vecchia C, Talamini R, Matsuo K, Müller H, Muscat J, Paludetti G, Ricciardi G, Boffetta P, Hashibe M, Boccia S. Recreational physical activity and risk of head and neck cancer: a pooled analysis within the international head and neck cancer epidemiology (INHANCE) Consortium. Eur J Epidemiol 2011; 26:619-28. [PMID: 21842237 DOI: 10.1007/s10654-011-9612-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2011] [Accepted: 07/30/2011] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Increasing evidence suggests that physical activity could prevent cancer, but scanty data is available on head and neck cancer (HNC). The aim of our study is to clarify the effect of recreational physical activity (rPA) on HNC. We analyzed data from four case-control studies, including 2,289 HNC cases and 5,580 controls. rPA was classified as: none/low (reference group), moderate and high. We calculated summary Odds Ratios (ORs) by pooling study-specific ORs. Overall, moderate rPA was associated with 22% lower risk of HNC compared to those with none or very low rPA levels [OR = 0.78, 95% Confidence Interval (95% CI): 0.66, 0.91]. Moderate rPA is associated with reduced risk of oral (OR = 0.74, 95% CI: 0.56, 0.97) and pharyngeal cancer (OR = 0.67, 95% CI: 0.53, 0.85), as well as high rPA levels (OR = 0.53, 95% CI: 0.32, 0.88 for oral cavity, OR = 0.58, 95% CI: 0.38, 0.89 for pharynx). High rPA levels, however, is associated with higher risk of laryngeal cancer (OR = 1.73, 95% CI: 1.04, 2.88). Stratified analyses showed that such inverse association between moderate rPA and HNC was more evident among males (OR = 0.75, 95% CI: 0.62, 0.90), subjects ≥45 years (OR = 0.78, 95% CI: 0.66, 0.93), and ever smokers and ever drinkers (OR = 0.72, 95% CI: 0.59, 0.88). High rPA significantly reduces HNC risk among subject ≥45 years (OR = 0.66, 95% CI: 0.48, 0.91). Promoting rPA might be inversely associated with HNC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicola Nicolotti
- Genetic Epidemiology and Public Health Genomics Unit, Institute of Hygiene, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
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Chuang SC, Agudo A, Ahrens W, Anantharaman D, Benhamou S, Boccia S, Chen C, Conway DI, Fabianova E, Hayes RB, Healy CM, Holcatova I, Kjaerheim K, Lagiou P, Lazarus P, Macfarlane TV, Mahimkar MB, Mates D, Matsuo K, Merletti F, Metspalu A, Morgenstern H, Muscat J, Cadoni G, Olshan AF, Purdue M, Ramroth H, Rudnai P, Schwartz SM, Simonato L, Smith EM, Sturgis EM, Szeszenia-Dabrowska N, Talamini R, Thomson P, Wei Q, Zaridze D, Zhang ZF, Znaor A, Brennan P, Boffetta P, Hashibe M. Sequence Variants and the Risk of Head and Neck Cancer: Pooled Analysis in the INHANCE Consortium. Front Oncol 2011; 1:13. [PMID: 22655231 PMCID: PMC3356135 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2011.00013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2011] [Accepted: 06/13/2011] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Previous molecular epidemiological studies on head and neck cancer have examined various single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), but there are very few documented associations. In the International head and neck cancer epidemiology (INHANCE) consortium, we evaluated associations between SNPs in the metabolism, cell cycle, and DNA repair pathways and the risk of head and neck cancer. We analyzed individual-level pooled data from 14 European, North American, Central American, and Asia case-control studies (5,915 head and neck cancer cases and 10,644 controls) participating in the INHANCE consortium. Unconditional logistic regression was used to estimate odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for SNP effects, adjusting for age, sex, race, and country. We observed an association between head and neck cancer risk and MGMT Leu84Phe heterozygotes (OR = 0.79, 95% CI = 0.68-0.93), XRCC1 Arg194Trp homozygotes Arg/Arg (OR = 2.3, 95% CI = 1.1-4.7), ADH1B Arg48His homozygotes Arg/Arg (OR = 2.7, 95% CI = 1.9-4.0), ADH1C Ile350Val homozygotes Ile/Ile (OR = 1.2, 95% CI = 1.1-1.4), and the GSTM1 null genotype (OR = 1.1, 95% CI = 1.0-1.2). Among these results, MGMT Leu84Phe, ADH1B Arg48His, ADH1C Ile350Arg, and the GSTM1 null genotype had fairly low false positive report probabilities (<20%). We observed associations between ADH1B Arg48His, ADH1C Ile350Arg, and GSTM1 null genotype and head and neck cancer risk. No functional study currently supports the observed association for MGMT Leu84Phe, and the association with XRCC1 Arg194Trp may be a chance finding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu-Chun Chuang
- Lifestyle and Cancer Group, International Agency for Research on CancerLyon, France
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College LondonLondon, UK
| | - Antonio Agudo
- Catalan Institute of Oncology, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute, Hospitalet de LlobregatBarcelona, Spain
| | - Wolfgang Ahrens
- Bremen Institute for Prevention Research and Social MedicineBremen, Germany
| | - Devasena Anantharaman
- Cancer Research Institute, Advanced Centre for Treatment, Research, and Education in Cancer, Tata Memorial CenterMumbai, India
| | | | - Stefania Boccia
- Institute of Hygiene, Università Cattolica del Sacro CuoreRome, Italy
- Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico San Raffaele PisanaRome, Italy
| | - Chu Chen
- Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research CenterSeattle, WA, USA
| | - David I. Conway
- Dental School, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of GlasgowGlasgow, UK
| | - Eleonora Fabianova
- Department of Occupational Health, Specialized State Health InstituteBanská Bystrica, Slovakia
| | | | - Claire M. Healy
- School of Dental Science, Trinity College DublinDublin, Ireland
| | - Ivana Holcatova
- First Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Charles UniversityPrague, Czech Republic
| | - Kristina Kjaerheim
- Cancer Registry of Norway, Institute for Population-Based Cancer ResearchOslo, Norway
| | - Pagona Lagiou
- Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, School of Medicine, University of AthensAthens, Greece
| | | | | | - Manoj B. Mahimkar
- Cancer Research Institute, Advanced Centre for Treatment, Research, and Education in Cancer, Tata Memorial CenterMumbai, India
| | - Dana Mates
- Occupational Health Department, Institute of Public HealthBucharest, Romania
| | - Keitaro Matsuo
- Division of Epidemiology and Prevention, Aichi Cancer Center Research InstituteNagoya, Japan
| | | | - Andres Metspalu
- Laboratory of Gene Technology, Estonian BiocentreTartu, Estonia
| | - Hal Morgenstern
- Department of Epidemiology, Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of MichiganAnn Arbor, MI, USA
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of MichiganAnn Arbor, MI, USA
| | | | - Gabriella Cadoni
- Institute of Otorhinolaryngology, Catholic University of the Sacred HeartRome, Italy
| | - Andrew F. Olshan
- School of Public Health, University of North CarolinaChapel Hill, NC, USA
| | | | - Heribert Ramroth
- Institute of Public Health, University of HeidelbergHeidelberg, Germany
| | - Peter Rudnai
- Fodor József National Center for Public Health, National Institute of Environmental HealthBudapest, Hungary
| | | | - Lorenzo Simonato
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, University of PadovaPadova, Italy
| | - Elaine M. Smith
- College of Public Health, University of IowaIowa City, IA, USA
| | | | | | | | - Peter Thomson
- Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery School of Dental Sciences, Newcastle UniversityNewcastle, UK
| | - Qingyi Wei
- University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer CenterHouston, TX, USA
| | - David Zaridze
- Cancer Research Centre, Institute of CarcinogenesisMoscow, Russia
| | - Zuo-Feng Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology, University of California Los Angeles, School of Public HealthLos Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Ariana Znaor
- Croatian National Cancer Registry, Croatian National Institute of Public HealthZagreb, Croatia
| | - Paul Brennan
- Lifestyle and Cancer Group, International Agency for Research on CancerLyon, France
| | - Paolo Boffetta
- Lifestyle and Cancer Group, International Agency for Research on CancerLyon, France
- The Tisch Cancer Institute, Mount Sinai School of MedicineNew York, NY, USA
- International Prevention Research InstituteLyon, France
| | - Mia Hashibe
- Lifestyle and Cancer Group, International Agency for Research on CancerLyon, France
- Department of Family and Preventive Medicine, University of Utah School of MedicineSalt Lake City, UT, USA
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Bussu F, Miccichè F, Rigante M, Dinapoli N, Parrilla C, Bonomo P, Cadoni G, Mantini G, Galli J, Rufini V, Almadori G, Valentini V, Paludetti G. Oncologic outcomes in advanced laryngeal squamous cell carcinomas treated with different modalities in a single institution: a retrospective analysis of 65 cases. Head Neck 2011; 34:573-9. [PMID: 21692130 DOI: 10.1002/hed.21785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2010] [Revised: 02/01/2011] [Accepted: 02/16/2011] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Treatment for laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) has been predominantly surgical for decades, but in the last 20 years nonsurgical modalities (radiotherapy), with the aim of organ preservation, also became predominant among advanced stages. Retrospectively evaluating our series of stage III and stage IV laryngeal SCCs, we compared the 2 main therapeutic modalities. METHODS Medical records of 65 consecutive patients with advanced laryngeal SCC, from November 2005 to January 2009, were reviewed. RESULTS Among irradiated patients 2-year organ preservation was 86% for cT2, 43% for cT3, and 17% for cT4a (p = .037, Wilcoxon test). With respect to survival, the only significant differences between surgery and radiotherapy were detected among cT4a SCCs (p = .03, Wilcoxon test), in favor of surgery. CONCLUSIONS The present results confirm the surgical recommendation for cT4a laryngeal SCCs. On the other hand, for T < 4, our results confirm that radiochemotherapy warrants a survival similar to that of total laryngectomy, thus allowing us to preserve the larynx in a relevant number of cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Bussu
- Institute of Otorhinolaryngology, Policlinico Agostino Gemelli, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy.
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McKay JD, Truong T, Gaborieau V, Chabrier A, Chuang SC, Byrnes G, Zaridze D, Shangina O, Szeszenia-Dabrowska N, Lissowska J, Rudnai P, Fabianova E, Bucur A, Bencko V, Holcatova I, Janout V, Foretova L, Lagiou P, Trichopoulos D, Benhamou S, Bouchardy C, Ahrens W, Merletti F, Richiardi L, Talamini R, Barzan L, Kjaerheim K, Macfarlane GJ, Macfarlane TV, Simonato L, Canova C, Agudo A, Castellsagué X, Lowry R, Conway DI, McKinney PA, Healy CM, Toner ME, Znaor A, Curado MP, Koifman S, Menezes A, Wünsch-Filho V, Neto JE, Garrote LF, Boccia S, Cadoni G, Arzani D, Olshan AF, Weissler MC, Funkhouser WK, Luo J, Lubiński J, Trubicka J, Lener M, Oszutowska D, Schwartz SM, Chen C, Fish S, Doody DR, Muscat JE, Lazarus P, Gallagher CJ, Chang SC, Zhang ZF, Wei Q, Sturgis EM, Wang LE, Franceschi S, Herrero R, Kelsey KT, McClean MD, Marsit CJ, Nelson HH, Romkes M, Buch S, Nukui T, Zhong S, Lacko M, Manni JJ, Peters WHM, Hung RJ, McLaughlin J, Vatten L, Njølstad I, Goodman GE, Field JK, Liloglou T, Vineis P, Clavel-Chapelon F, Palli D, Tumino R, Krogh V, Panico S, González CA, Quirós JR, Martínez C, Navarro C, Ardanaz E, Larrañaga N, Khaw KT, Key T, Bueno-de-Mesquita HB, Peeters PHM, Trichopoulou A, Linseisen J, Boeing H, Hallmans G, Overvad K, Tjønneland A, Kumle M, Riboli E, Välk K, Voodern T, Metspalu A, Zelenika D, Boland A, Delepine M, Foglio M, Lechner D, Blanché H, Gut IG, Galan P, Heath S, Hashibe M, Hayes RB, Boffetta P, Lathrop M, Brennan P. A genome-wide association study of upper aerodigestive tract cancers conducted within the INHANCE consortium. PLoS Genet 2011; 7:e1001333. [PMID: 21437268 PMCID: PMC3060072 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1001333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 136] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2010] [Accepted: 02/11/2011] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have been successful in identifying common genetic variation involved in susceptibility to etiologically complex disease. We conducted a GWAS to identify common genetic variation involved in susceptibility to upper aero-digestive tract (UADT) cancers. Genome-wide genotyping was carried out using the Illumina HumanHap300 beadchips in 2,091 UADT cancer cases and 3,513 controls from two large European multi-centre UADT cancer studies, as well as 4,821 generic controls. The 19 top-ranked variants were investigated further in an additional 6,514 UADT cancer cases and 7,892 controls of European descent from an additional 13 UADT cancer studies participating in the INHANCE consortium. Five common variants presented evidence for significant association in the combined analysis (p ≤ 5 × 10⁻⁷). Two novel variants were identified, a 4q21 variant (rs1494961, p = 1×10⁻⁸) located near DNA repair related genes HEL308 and FAM175A (or Abraxas) and a 12q24 variant (rs4767364, p =2 × 10⁻⁸) located in an extended linkage disequilibrium region that contains multiple genes including the aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 (ALDH2) gene. Three remaining variants are located in the ADH gene cluster and were identified previously in a candidate gene study involving some of these samples. The association between these three variants and UADT cancers was independently replicated in 5,092 UADT cancer cases and 6,794 controls non-overlapping samples presented here (rs1573496-ADH7, p = 5 × 10⁻⁸); rs1229984-ADH1B, p = 7 × 10⁻⁹; and rs698-ADH1C, p = 0.02). These results implicate two variants at 4q21 and 12q24 and further highlight three ADH variants in UADT cancer susceptibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- James D. McKay
- International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), Lyon, France
| | - Therese Truong
- International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), Lyon, France
| | | | - Amelie Chabrier
- International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), Lyon, France
| | - Shu-Chun Chuang
- International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), Lyon, France
| | - Graham Byrnes
- International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), Lyon, France
| | - David Zaridze
- Institute of Carcinogenesis, Cancer Research Centre, Moscow, Russia
| | - Oxana Shangina
- Institute of Carcinogenesis, Cancer Research Centre, Moscow, Russia
| | | | - Jolanta Lissowska
- The M. Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Peter Rudnai
- National Institute of Environmental Health, Budapest, Hungary
| | | | | | - Vladimir Bencko
- Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology,1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Ivana Holcatova
- Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology,1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | | | - Lenka Foretova
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Pagona Lagiou
- Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology, and Medical Statistics, University of Athens School of Medicine, Athens, Greece
| | - Dimitrios Trichopoulos
- Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology, and Medical Statistics, University of Athens School of Medicine, Athens, Greece
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Simone Benhamou
- INSERM U946, Paris, France
- CNRS UMR8200, Gustave Roussy Institute, Villejuif, France
| | - Christine Bouchardy
- Geneva Cancer Registry, Institute for Social and Preventive Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Wolfgang Ahrens
- Bremen Institute for Prevention Research and Social Medicine (BIPS), University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany
| | - Franco Merletti
- Unit of Cancer Epidemiology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | - Gary J. Macfarlane
- School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, United Kingdom
| | | | - Lorenzo Simonato
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Cristina Canova
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
- Respiratory Epidemiology and Public Health, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College, London, United Kingdom
| | | | - Xavier Castellsagué
- Institut Català d'Oncologia (ICO), Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER Epidemiologia y Salud Publica (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
| | - Ray Lowry
- University of Newcastle Dental School, Newcastle, United Kingdom
| | | | - Patricia A. McKinney
- University of Leeds Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Leeds, United Kingdom
- NHS NSS ISD, Edinburgh, Scotland
| | | | - Mary E. Toner
- Trinity College School of Dental Science, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Ariana Znaor
- Croatian National Cancer Registry, Croatian National Institute of Public Health, Zagreb, Croatia
| | | | - Sergio Koifman
- National School of Public Health/FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Ana Menezes
- Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Stefania Boccia
- Institute of Hygiene, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
- IRCCS San Raffaele Pisana, Rome, Italy
| | - Gabriella Cadoni
- Institute of Hygiene, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Dario Arzani
- Institute of Hygiene, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Andrew F. Olshan
- Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Mark C. Weissler
- School of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - William K. Funkhouser
- School of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Jingchun Luo
- School of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Jan Lubiński
- Pomeranian Medical University, Department of Genetics and Pathomorphology, International Hereditary Cancer Center, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Joanna Trubicka
- Pomeranian Medical University, Department of Genetics and Pathomorphology, International Hereditary Cancer Center, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Marcin Lener
- Pomeranian Medical University, Department of Genetics and Pathomorphology, International Hereditary Cancer Center, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Dorota Oszutowska
- Pomeranian Medical University, Department of Genetics and Pathomorphology, International Hereditary Cancer Center, Szczecin, Poland
- Pomeranian Medical University, Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology, and Public Health, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Stephen M. Schwartz
- Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Centre, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Chu Chen
- Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Centre, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Sherianne Fish
- Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Centre, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - David R. Doody
- Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Centre, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Joshua E. Muscat
- Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Philip Lazarus
- Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Carla J. Gallagher
- Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Shen-Chih Chang
- University of California Los Angeles School of Public Health, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Zuo-Feng Zhang
- University of California Los Angeles School of Public Health, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Qingyi Wei
- University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Erich M. Sturgis
- University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Li-E Wang
- University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | | | - Rolando Herrero
- Instituto de Investigación Epidemiológica, San José, Costa Rica
| | - Karl T. Kelsey
- Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, United States of America
| | - Michael D. McClean
- Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Carmen J. Marsit
- Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, United States of America
| | - Heather H. Nelson
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States of America
| | - Marjorie Romkes
- University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Shama Buch
- University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Tomoko Nukui
- University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Shilong Zhong
- University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Martin Lacko
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Johannes J. Manni
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Wilbert H. M. Peters
- Department of Gastroenterology, St. Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Rayjean J. Hung
- Samuel Lunenfeld Research Institute of the Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Canada
| | | | - Lars Vatten
- Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Inger Njølstad
- Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Tromso, Tromso, Norway
| | - Gary E. Goodman
- Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Centre, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - John K. Field
- Roy Castle Lung Cancer Research Programme, The University of Liverpool Cancer Research Centre, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Triantafillos Liloglou
- Roy Castle Lung Cancer Research Programme, The University of Liverpool Cancer Research Centre, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Paolo Vineis
- Servizio di Epidemiologia dei Tumori, Università di Torino and CPO-Piemonte, Turin, Italy
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Imperial College, London, United Kingdom
| | | | - Domenico Palli
- Molecular and Nutritional Epidemiology Unit, Cancer Research and Prevention Institute (ISPO), Florence, Italy
| | - Rosario Tumino
- Cancer Registry and Histopathology Unit, Azienda Ospedaliera “Civile M.P.Arezzo”, Ragusa, Italy
| | - Vittorio Krogh
- Fondazione IRCCS, Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Salvatore Panico
- Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Sperimentale, Universita di Napoli Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Carlos A. González
- Unit of Nutrition, Environment, and Cancer (IDIBELL, RETICC DR06-0020, Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO), Barcelona, Spain
| | - J. Ramón Quirós
- Jefe Sección Información Sanitaria, Consejería de Servicios Sociales, Principado de Asturias, Oviedo, Spain
| | | | - Carmen Navarro
- CIBER Epidemiologia y Salud Publica (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
- Epidemiology Department, Murcia Health Council, Murcia, Spain
| | - Eva Ardanaz
- CIBER Epidemiologia y Salud Publica (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
- Navarra Public Health Institute, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Nerea Larrañaga
- Subdirección de Salud Pública de Gipuzkoa, Gobierno Vasco, San Sebastian, Spain
| | - Kay-Tee Khaw
- School of Clinical Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Timothy Key
- Cancer Research UK, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | | | - Petra H. M. Peeters
- Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, Department of Epidemiology, University Medical Center of Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Antonia Trichopoulou
- WHO Collaborating Center for Nutrition, Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology, and Medical Statistics, University of Athens School of Medicine, Athens, Greece
| | - Jakob Linseisen
- Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Centre Munich, Neuherberg, Germany
- Division of Clinical Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Centre, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Heiner Boeing
- Department of Epidemiology, Deutsches Institut für Ernährungsforschung, Potsdam-Rehbrücke, Germany
| | - Göran Hallmans
- Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, University of Umeå, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Kim Overvad
- Department of Epidemiology and Social Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Anne Tjønneland
- The Danish Cancer Society, Institute of Cancer Epidemiology, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - Elio Riboli
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Imperial College, London, United Kingdom
| | | | | | | | - Diana Zelenika
- Centre National de Génotypage, Institut Génomique, Commissariat à l'énergie Atomique, Evry, France
| | - Anne Boland
- Centre National de Génotypage, Institut Génomique, Commissariat à l'énergie Atomique, Evry, France
| | - Marc Delepine
- Centre National de Génotypage, Institut Génomique, Commissariat à l'énergie Atomique, Evry, France
| | - Mario Foglio
- Centre National de Génotypage, Institut Génomique, Commissariat à l'énergie Atomique, Evry, France
| | - Doris Lechner
- Centre National de Génotypage, Institut Génomique, Commissariat à l'énergie Atomique, Evry, France
| | | | - Ivo G. Gut
- Centre National de Génotypage, Institut Génomique, Commissariat à l'énergie Atomique, Evry, France
| | - Pilar Galan
- INSERM U557/U1125 INRA/CNAM, Université Paris 13, Bobigny, France
| | - Simon Heath
- Centre National de Génotypage, Institut Génomique, Commissariat à l'énergie Atomique, Evry, France
| | - Mia Hashibe
- International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), Lyon, France
| | - Richard B. Hayes
- New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Paolo Boffetta
- International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), Lyon, France
| | - Mark Lathrop
- Centre National de Génotypage, Institut Génomique, Commissariat à l'énergie Atomique, Evry, France
- Fondation Jean Dausset-CEPH, Paris, France
| | - Paul Brennan
- International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), Lyon, France
- * E-mail:
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Almadori G, Bussu F, Rigante M, Galli J, Cadoni G, Dinapoli N, Valentini V, Gaetano P. PRIMARY MALIGNANCIES OF NOSE AND PARANASAL SINUSES. A SURGICAL SERIES OF 91 CASES. Radiother Oncol 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(11)70080-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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De Feo E, Rowell J, Cadoni G, Nicolotti N, Arzani D, Giorgio A, Amore R, Paludetti G, Ricciardi G, Boccia S. A case-control study on the effect of apoliprotein E genotype on head and neck cancer risk. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2010; 19:2839-46. [PMID: 20861397 DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.epi-10-0624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The apolipoprotein E gene (apoE) has three major isoforms encoded by the ε2, ε3, and ε4 alleles, with the ε4 allele associated with hypercholesterolemia and the ε2 allele with the opposite effect. An inverse relationship between cholesterolemia and head and neck cancer (HNC) has been previously reported, although the relationship between apoE genotypes and HNC has not been explored to date. METHODS Four hundred and seventeen HNC cases and 436 hospital controls were genotyped for apoE polymorphisms. Adjusted odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) from logistic regression were used to explore the relationship between HNC and putative risk factors. A gene-environment interaction analysis was done. RESULTS A borderline significant 40% decreased HNC risk (OR, 0.58; 95% CI, 0.31-1.05) was observed for individuals carrying at least one ε2 allele. Females carrying at least one ε2 allele showed a 60% risk reduction (OR, 0.43; 95% CI, 0.21-0.90) for HNC compared with ε3 homozygotes. A statistically significant interaction was found between alcohol use and the ε4 allele (P for interaction = 0.04), with a 2-fold increased risk (OR, 2.06; 95% CI, 0.95-4.48) among ever drinkers with an ε4 allele, with respect to ε3 homozygote nondrinkers. CONCLUSIONS Our study provides novel evidence of a possible protective effect of the ε2 allele against HNC, probably due to its increased antioxidant properties. IMPACT According to our results, apolipoprotein E may play a different role in carcinogenesis other than its well-known role in regulating blood serum cholesterol levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma De Feo
- Institute of Hygiene, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
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De Feo E, Cadoni G, Rowell J, Nicolotti N, Volante M, Paludetti G, Arzani D, Amore R, Ricciardi G, Boccia S. 67 A case-control study on the effect of ApoE genotypes on head and neck cancer risk. EJC Suppl 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/s1359-6349(10)70876-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
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Cadoni G, Scorpecci A, Cianfrone F, Giannantonio S, Paludetti G, Lippa S. Serum Fatty Acids and Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Sudden Sensorineural Hearing Loss: A Case-Control Study. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol 2010; 119:82-8. [DOI: 10.1177/000348941011900203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Objectives: We analyzed the relationships between sudden sensorineural hearing loss (SSNHL) and serum levels of fatty acids, total cholesterol, low-density lipoproteins (LDLs), and the antioxidant coenzyme Q10. Methods: Forty-three patients with SSNHL and 43 healthy subjects were enrolled in the study. The main outcome measures were serum levels of fatty acids, coenzyme Q10, total cholesterol, and LDLs. Results: On univariate logistic regression analysis, high levels of total cholesterol (p < 0.001), LDLs (p = 0.024), behenic acid (p < 0.001), docosahexaenoic acid (p < 0.001), linolenic acid (p = 0.017), and oleic acid (p < 0.001) and low levels of coenzyme Q10 (p < 0.001) and nervonic acid (p < 0.001) were associated with an elevated risk of SSNHL. On multivariate analysis, only hypercholesterolemia (p = 0.15) and low levels of coenzyme Q10 (p = 0.02) and nervonic acid (p = 0.005) were significantly associated with SSNHL. Conclusions: This is the first report of low serum levels of nervonic acid as an independent risk factor for SSNHL. Considering that hypercholesterolemia, high serum levels of LDL, and low serum levels of the antioxidant coenzyme Q10 were associated with SSNHL as well, we hypothesize that saturated fatty acids may play a role in determining the dysmetabolic state in a subset of SSNHL patients. Together, these findings suggest that not only total cholesterol and LDL levels, but also fatty acid determination, may help identify SSNHL patients with cardiovascular risk factors.
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Marron M, Boffetta P, Zhang ZF, Zaridze D, Wünsch-Filho V, Winn DM, Wei Q, Talamini R, Szeszenia-Dabrowska N, Sturgis EM, Smith E, Schwartz SM, Rudnai P, Purdue MP, Olshan AF, Eluf-Neto J, Muscat J, Morgenstern H, Menezes A, McClean M, Matos E, Mates IN, Lissowska J, Levi F, Lazarus P, Vecchia CL, Koifman S, Kelsey K, Herrero R, Hayes RB, Franceschi S, Fernandez L, Fabianova E, Daudt AW, Maso LD, Curado MP, Cadoni G, Chen C, Castellsague X, Boccia S, Benhamou S, Ferro G, Berthiller J, Brennan P, Møller H, Hashibe M. Cessation of alcohol drinking, tobacco smoking and the reversal of head and neck cancer risk. Int J Epidemiol 2010; 39:182-96. [PMID: 19805488 PMCID: PMC2817090 DOI: 10.1093/ije/dyp291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 151] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/28/2008] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Quitting tobacco or alcohol use has been reported to reduce the head and neck cancer risk in previous studies. However, it is unclear how many years must pass following cessation of these habits before the risk is reduced, and whether the risk ultimately declines to the level of never smokers or never drinkers. METHODS We pooled individual-level data from case-control studies in the International Head and Neck Cancer Epidemiology Consortium. Data were available from 13 studies on drinking cessation (9167 cases and 12 593 controls), and from 17 studies on smoking cessation (12 040 cases and 16 884 controls). We estimated the effect of quitting smoking and drinking on the risk of head and neck cancer and its subsites, by calculating odds ratios (ORs) using logistic regression models. RESULTS Quitting tobacco smoking for 1-4 years resulted in a head and neck cancer risk reduction [OR 0.70, confidence interval (CI) 0.61-0.81 compared with current smoking], with the risk reduction due to smoking cessation after > or =20 years (OR 0.23, CI 0.18-0.31), reaching the level of never smokers. For alcohol use, a beneficial effect on the risk of head and neck cancer was only observed after > or =20 years of quitting (OR 0.60, CI 0.40-0.89 compared with current drinking), reaching the level of never drinkers. CONCLUSIONS Our results support that cessation of tobacco smoking and cessation of alcohol drinking protect against the development of head and neck cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuela Marron
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
- King's College London, School of Medicine, Thames Cancer Registry, London, UK
| | - Paolo Boffetta
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | | | | | | | | | - Qingyi Wei
- UT-M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | | | | | | | - Elaine Smith
- College of Public Health, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | | | - Peter Rudnai
- National Institute of Environmental Health, Budapest, Hungary
| | | | | | | | | | - Hal Morgenstern
- University of Michigan School of Public Health and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Ana Menezes
- Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil
| | | | - Elena Matos
- Institute of Oncology Angel H. Roffo, University of Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | | | - Jolanta Lissowska
- The M. Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology, Department of Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Fabio Levi
- Institut Universitaire de Médecine Sociale et Préventive (IUMSP), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | | | - Carlo La Vecchia
- Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri and University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Sergio Koifman
- Escola Nacional de Saude Publica, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | - Rolando Herrero
- Instituto de Investigación Epidemiológica, San José, Costa Rica
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Maria Paula Curado
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
- Hospital Araujo Jorge, Goiania, Brazil
| | | | - Chu Chen
- Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Xavier Castellsague
- Institut Català d'Oncologia (ICO), IDIBELL, CIBER-ESP, L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain
| | | | - Simone Benhamou
- INSERM U794, Paris, France
- Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
| | - Gilles Ferro
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Julien Berthiller
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
- Pôle Information Médicale Evaluation Recherche, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Paul Brennan
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Henrik Møller
- King's College London, School of Medicine, Thames Cancer Registry, London, UK
| | - Mia Hashibe
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
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Abstract
The purpose of this study was to evaluate cisplatin-induced ototoxicity and the protective effects of tiopronin. Twenty-four adult Wistar rats served as subjects and were divided into three groups. Eight rats receiving only saline (group A) were used as controls. Eight rats received cisplatin (2 mg/kg) injections (group B) and eight rats received cisplatin and tiopronin (300 mg/kg) (group C) for 8 consecutive days. Both ears of all animals were tested by DPOAE before treatment and on the 4th and 9th days. Seventy-two hours after the final recording session, all animals were killed, and the left cochleas were prepared for electron microscopy and analysed. DPOAE responses were significantly reduced in group B compared to controls (p<0.05). When tiopronin was added, DPOAE responses were significantly increased compared to those obtained with the administration of cisplatin alone (p<0.05). The cochleogram showed that tiopronin had a significant protective effect in the basal half and in the lower half of the middle turn. We conclude that tiopronin, a drug effective in protecting against cisplatin nephrotoxicity, is also effective in protecting against cisplatin ototoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Rita Fetoni
- Institute of Otolaryngology, Catholic University of Rome, Rome, Italy.
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Gallì P, Cadoni G, Volante M, De Feo E, Amore R, Giorgio A, Arzani D, Paludetti G, Ricciardi G, Boccia S. A case-control study on the combined effects of p53 and p73 polymorphisms on head and neck cancer risk in an Italian population. BMC Cancer 2009; 9:137. [PMID: 19426493 PMCID: PMC2686724 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2407-9-137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2008] [Accepted: 05/08/2009] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The purpose of this study is to analyze the combined effects of selected p53 and p73 polymorphisms and their interaction with lifestyle habits on squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (SCCHN) risk and progression in an Italian population. Methods Two hundred and eighty-three cases and 295 hospital controls were genotyped for p53 polymorphisms on exon 4 (Arg72Pro), intron 3 and 6, and p73 G4C14-to-A4T14. Their association with SCCHN was estimated using a logistic regression analysis, while a multinomial logistic regression approach was applied to calculate the effect of the selected polymorphisms on SCCHN different sites (oral cavity, oropharynx, hypopharynx and larynx). We performed an haplotype analysis of the p53 polymorphisms, and a gene-gene interaction analysis for the combined effects of p73 G4C14-to-A4T14 and p53 polymorphisms. Results We found a significant increased risk of SCCHN among individuals with combined p73 exon 2 G4A and p53 intron 3 variant alleles (OR = 2.22, 95% CI: 1.08–4.56), and a protective effect for those carrying the p53 exon 4-p53 intron 6 diplotype combination (OR = 0.67; 95% CI: 0.47–0.92). From the gene-environment interaction analysis we found that individuals aged < 45 years carrying p73 exon 2 G4A variant allele have a 12.85-increased risk of SCCHN (95% CI: 2.10–78.74) compared with persons of the same age with the homozygous wild type genotype. Improved survival rate was observed among p53 intron 6 variant allele carriers (Hazard Ratio = 0.51 (95% CI: 0.23–1.16). Conclusion Our study provides for the first time evidence that individuals carrying p53 exon 4 and p53 intron 6 variant alleles are significantly protected against SCCHN, and also shows that an additional risk is conferred by the combination of p73 exon 2 G4C14-to-A4T14 and p53 intron 3 variant allele. Larger studies are required to confirm these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola Gallì
- Institute of Hygiene Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy.
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47
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Gallì P, Cadoni G, Volante M, Amore R, Giorgio A, Arzani D, Paludetti G, De Feo E, Ricciardi G, Boccia S. Combined effects of p53 and p73 polymorphisms on head and neck cancer risk and progression – an Italian case-control study. EJC Suppl 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/s1359-6349(08)71340-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
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48
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Manna R, Cadoni G, Ferri E, Verrecchia E, Giovinale M, Fonnesu C, Calò L, Armato E, Paludetti G. Wegener's granulomatosis: an update on diagnosis and therapy. Expert Rev Clin Immunol 2008; 4:481-95. [PMID: 20477576 DOI: 10.1586/1744666x.4.4.481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Wegener's granulomatosis (WG) is a unique clinicopathological disease characterized by necrotizing granulomatous vasculitis of the respiratory tract, pauci-immune necrotizing glomerulonephritis and small-vessel vasculitis. Owing to its wide range of clinical manifestations, WG has a broad spectrum of severity that includes the potential for alveolar hemorrhage or rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis, which are immediately life threatening. WG is associated with the presence of circulating antineutrophil cytoplasm antibodies (c-ANCAs). The most widely accepted pathogenetic model suggests that c-ANCA-activated cytokine-primed neutrophils induce microvascular damage and a rapid escalation of inflammation with recruitment of mononuclear cells. The diagnosis of WG is made on the basis of typical clinical and radiologic findings, by biopsy of involved organ, the presence of c-ANCA and exclusion of all other small-vessel vasculitis. Currently, a regimen consisting of daily cyclophosphamide and corticosteroids is considered standard therapy. A number of trials have evaluated the efficacy of less-toxic immunosuppressants and antibacterials for treating patients with WG, resulting in the identification of effective alternative regimens to induce or maintain remission in certain subpopulations of patients. Recent investigation has focused on other immunomodulatory agents (e.g., TNF-alpha inhibitors and anti-CD20 antibodies), intravenous immunoglobulins and antithymocyte globulins for treating patients with resistant WG.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Manna
- Clinical Autoimmunity Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Largo A Gemelli, 8-00168 Rome, Italy.
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Gallì P, Cadoni G, Volante M, Amore R, Giorgio A, Arzani D, Plaudetti G, De Feo E, Ricciardi G, Boccia S. Combined effects of p53 and p73 polymorphisms on head and neck cancer risk and progression: an Italian case-control study. EJC Suppl 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/s1359-6349(08)71895-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
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50
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Cadoni G, Boccia S, Scipione S, Arzani D, Cianfagna F, Ricciardi G, Paludetti G, Agostino S. Glutathione s-transferase gene polymorphisms in Italian patients with sudden sensorineural hearing loss. Otol Neurotol 2008; 27:1166-9. [PMID: 16788422 DOI: 10.1097/01.mao.0000226303.59198.ce] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
HYPOTHESIS To investigate the association between glutathione S-transferase (GST) gene polymorphisms and sudden sensorineural hearing loss (SSNHL) in a population of consecutive Italian patients. Assuming that reactive oxygen species formation may play a role in inner ear damage, we investigated whether profiles of GSTs antioxidant enzymes M1 and T1 genotypes may be associated with the risk of SSNHL. STUDY DESIGN A prospective study in patients with SSNHL. PATIENTS AND METHODS We investigated 80 Italian patients with SSNHL for the frequency of GSTT1 and GSTM1 polymorphisms. Genotype distribution of all factors found in patients were compared with those of 80 healthy control subjects of the same ethnic background using chi and odds-ratio analysis. Statistical significance was accepted at a level of p < 0.05. RESULTS In our series, the frequencies of GSTM1 and GSTT1 null genotypes did not differ from those of the control subjects. CONCLUSION The few studies regarding genetic polymorphisms of GSTs in SSNHL are not conclusive. Further studies are needed to investigate the role of antioxidants including GSTs in SSNHL and to provide the lacking information to improve our knowledge in the field before implementing the use of genetic polymorphism in the SSNHL medicine daily practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriella Cadoni
- Institute of Otorhinolaryngology, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy.
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