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Stabellini N, Bruno DS, Dmukauskas M, Barda AJ, Cao L, Shanahan J, Waite K, Montero AJ, Barnholtz-Sloan JS. Sex differences in lung cancer treatment and outcomes at a large hybrid academic-community practice. JTO Clin Res Rep 2022; 3:100307. [PMID: 35400080 PMCID: PMC8983352 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtocrr.2022.100307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2022] [Revised: 02/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Methods Results Conclusions
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Hou Y, Tan S, Wang G. Significance of TP53 Mutation in Cellular Process and Disease Progression in Lung Adenocarcinoma. Genet Test Mol Biomarkers 2021; 25:346-354. [PMID: 33956533 DOI: 10.1089/gtmb.2020.0304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: TP53 (tumor protein p53) is one of the most commonly mutanted genes in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD). Materials and Methods: In this study, we used data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) to evaluate the importance of TP53 mutations in cellular processes, disease progression, the prognosis in LUAD, and to identify critical hub genes and pathways associated with oncogenesis. Results: Analysis of the TCGA data showed TP53 mutations in 22% of LUAD patients. Clinicopathological analyses demonstrated that TP53 mutation was correlated with the disease progression but not prognosis. We identified 1935 differentially expressed genes (DEGs). Functional enrichment analysis showed that the DEGs were mainly concentrated in metabolism, cell differentiation, and cancer-related pathways. The top hub genes were identified and disease analysis revealed the most critical genes related to disease progression and prognosis. The expression levels of several of these genes were then tested in tumor tissues. Conclusion: Our results showed that TP53 mutation plays a critical role in cellular process and the clinicopathological findings in LUAD. We also identified potential key genes, which could provide novel evidence for individualized treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongbo Hou
- Department of Cardio-Thoracic Surgery, Xuzhou Medical College Affiliated Hospital, Xuzhou, China
| | - Sheng Tan
- Department of Cardio-Thoracic Surgery, Xuzhou Medical College Affiliated Hospital, Xuzhou, China
| | - Guoxiang Wang
- Department of Cardio-Thoracic Surgery, Xuzhou Medical College Affiliated Hospital, Xuzhou, China
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3
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Kudwongsa W, Promthet S, Suwanrungruang K, Phunmanee A, Vatanasapt P. Coffee Consumption and Lung Cancer Risk: A Prospective Cohort Study in Khon Kaen Thailand. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2020; 21:2367-2371. [PMID: 32856867 PMCID: PMC7771955 DOI: 10.31557/apjcp.2020.21.8.2367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Lung cancer is a major cause of cancer death worldwide. The incidence of lung cancer in Thailand increasing, but risk factors are rarely reported. Objective: To investigate the effect of coffee consumption on lung cancer in Thai population. Methods: Between 1990 and 2001, lifestyle and demographic data were collected from 24,528 participants in the Khon Kaen Cohort Study (KKCS), who were followed through 2016, by linking to the Khon Kaen Population-based Cancer Registry. A total of 12,668 eligible participants (68.8% females, mean age 51.0 years at baseline) having complete datasets (239,488 person-years of follow up with 138 incident cases of lung cancer observed) were analyzed using a multi-variable adjusted Cox proportional hazard models. Results: Coffee consumption was associated with reduced risk for lung cancer (adj. HR = 0.54; 95% CI: 0.35-0.84) after adjusting for age and gender. Cigarette smoking (adj. HR = 2.76; 95% CI: 1.32-5.78) and family history of cancer (adj. HR = 1.65; 95% CI: 1.10-2.48) were associated with higher risk. Conclusion: This study suggests coffee consumption may be a protective factor for lung cancer in among this cohort.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wongklang Kudwongsa
- Doctor of Philosophy Program in Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Faculty of Public Health, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand.,ASEAN Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention Research Group, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Supannee Promthet
- ASEAN Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention Research Group, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Krittika Suwanrungruang
- ASEAN Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention Research Group, Khon Kaen, Thailand.,Cancer Registry Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Anakapong Phunmanee
- Division of Pulmonology and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Patravoot Vatanasapt
- ASEAN Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention Research Group, Khon Kaen, Thailand.,Cancer Registry Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand.,Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
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Dong YM, Qin LD, Tong YF, He QE, Wang L, Song K. Multiple genome pattern analysis and signature gene identification for the Caucasian lung adenocarcinoma patients with different tobacco exposure patterns. PeerJ 2020; 8:e8349. [PMID: 32030321 PMCID: PMC6995662 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.8349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2019] [Accepted: 12/04/2019] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background When considering therapies for lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) patients, the carcinogenic mechanisms of smokers are believed to differ from those who have never smoked. The rising trend in the proportion of nonsmokers in LUAD urgently requires the understanding of such differences at a molecular level for the development of precision medicine. Methods Three independent LUAD tumor sample sets—TCGA, SPORE and EDRN—were used. Genome patterns of expression (GE), copy number variation (CNV) and methylation (ME) were reviewed to discover the differences between them for both smokers and nonsmokers. Tobacco-related signature genes distinguishing these two groups of LUAD were identified using the GE, ME and CNV values of the whole genome. To do this, a novel iterative multi-step selection method based on the partial least squares (PLS) algorithm was proposed to overcome the high variable dimension and high noise inherent in the data. This method can thoroughly evaluate the importance of genes according to their statistical differences, biological functions and contributions to the tobacco exposure classification model. The kernel partial least squares (KPLS) method was used to further optimize the accuracies of the classification models. Results Forty-three, forty-eight and seventy-five genes were identified as GE, ME and CNV signatures, respectively, to distinguish smokers from nonsmokers. Using only the gene expression values of these 43 GE signature genes, ME values of the 48 ME signature genes or copy numbers of the 75 CNV signature genes, the accuracies of TCGA training and SPORE/EDRN independent validation datasets all exceed 76%. More importantly, the focal amplicon in Telomerase Reverse Transcriptase in nonsmokers, the broad deletion in ChrY in male nonsmokers and the greater amplification of MDM2 in female nonsmokers may explain why nonsmokers of both genders tend to suffer LUAD. These pattern analysis results may have clear biological interpretation in the molecular mechanism of tumorigenesis. Meanwhile, the identified signature genes may serve as potential drug targets for the precision medicine of LUAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan-mei Dong
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Li-da Qin
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yi-fan Tong
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Qi-en He
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Ling Wang
- The First Affiliated Hospital Oncology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Kai Song
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
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5
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Costiniuk CT, Nitulescu R, Saneei Z, Wasef N, Salahuddin S, Wasef D, Young J, de Castro C, Routy JP, Lebouché B, Cox J, Smith BM, Ambroise S, Pexos C, Patel M, Szabo J, Haraoui LP, de Pokomandy A, Tsoukas C, Falutz J, LeBlanc R, Giannakis A, Frenette C, Jenabian MA, Bourbeau J, Klein MB. Prevalence and predictors of airflow obstruction in an HIV tertiary care clinic in Montreal, Canada: a cross-sectional study. HIV Med 2019; 20:192-201. [PMID: 30620136 PMCID: PMC6590155 DOI: 10.1111/hiv.12699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Objectives The reported prevalence of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in people living with HIV (PLWHIV) varies widely. Our objective was to estimate the prevalence of airflow obstruction and COPD in unselected PLWHIV and identify characteristics that increase the risk of nonreversible airflow obstruction in order to guide case finding strategies for COPD. Methods All adults attending the Chronic Viral Illness Service were invited to participate in the study, regardless of smoking status or history of known COPD/asthma. Individuals underwent spirometric testing both before and after use of a salbutamol bronchodilator. Airflow obstruction was defined as forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1)/forced vital capacity (FVC) < 0.7 post‐bronchodilation, whereas COPD was defined as FEV1/FVC < 0.7 post‐bronchodilation and Medical Research Council (MRC) score > 2. Multivariate logistic regression was used to evaluate risk factors associated with airflow obstruction, reported as adjusted odds ratios (aORs). Results Five hundred and three participants successfully completed spirometry testing. The median (Q1; Q3) age was 52 (44; 58) years. The median (Q1; Q3) CD4 count was 598 (438; 784) cells/μL and the median (Q1; Q3) nadir CD4 count was 224 (121; 351) cells/μL. There were 119 (24%) current smokers and 145 (29%) former smokers. Among those screened, 54 (11%) had airflow obstruction whereas three (1%) of the participants had COPD. Factors that were associated with airflow obstruction included a history of smoking [aOR 2.2; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.1; 4.7], older age (aOR 1.6; 95% CI 1.2; 2.2), and lower CD4 count (aOR 0.8; 95% CI 0.7; 1.0). Conclusions Airflow obstruction was relatively uncommon. Our findings suggest that PLWHIV who are ≥50 years old, smokers and those with nadir CD4 counts ≤ 200 cells/μL could be targeted to undergo spirometry to diagnose chronic airflow obstruction.
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Affiliation(s)
- C T Costiniuk
- Chronic Viral Illness Service/Division of Infectious Diseases, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - R Nitulescu
- Chronic Viral Illness Service/Division of Infectious Diseases, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Z Saneei
- Chronic Viral Illness Service/Division of Infectious Diseases, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - N Wasef
- Department of Medicine, National University of Ireland, Galway, Ireland
| | - S Salahuddin
- Chronic Viral Illness Service/Division of Infectious Diseases, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - D Wasef
- Chronic Viral Illness Service/Division of Infectious Diseases, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - J Young
- Chronic Viral Illness Service/Division of Infectious Diseases, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - C de Castro
- Chronic Viral Illness Service/Division of Infectious Diseases, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - J P Routy
- Chronic Viral Illness Service/Division of Infectious Diseases, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - B Lebouché
- Chronic Viral Illness Service/Division of Infectious Diseases, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Department of Family Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - J Cox
- Chronic Viral Illness Service/Division of Infectious Diseases, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - B M Smith
- Centre for Outcomes Research and Evaluation, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Division of Respirology, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - S Ambroise
- Division of Respirology, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - C Pexos
- Chronic Viral Illness Service/Division of Infectious Diseases, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - M Patel
- Division of Respirology, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - J Szabo
- Chronic Viral Illness Service/Division of Infectious Diseases, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - L P Haraoui
- Chronic Viral Illness Service/Division of Infectious Diseases, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - A de Pokomandy
- Chronic Viral Illness Service/Division of Infectious Diseases, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Department of Family Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Centre for Outcomes Research and Evaluation, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - C Tsoukas
- Chronic Viral Illness Service/Division of Infectious Diseases, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - J Falutz
- Chronic Viral Illness Service/Division of Infectious Diseases, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - R LeBlanc
- Chronic Viral Illness Service/Division of Infectious Diseases, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - A Giannakis
- Chronic Viral Illness Service/Division of Infectious Diseases, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - C Frenette
- Chronic Viral Illness Service/Division of Infectious Diseases, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - M A Jenabian
- Department of Biological Sciences and BioMed Research Centre, University of Quebec at Montreal (UQAM), Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - J Bourbeau
- Centre for Outcomes Research and Evaluation, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Division of Respirology, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - M B Klein
- Chronic Viral Illness Service/Division of Infectious Diseases, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Centre for Outcomes Research and Evaluation, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
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Verma H, Sharma T, Gupta S, Banerjee BD. CYP1A1 expression and organochlorine pesticides level in the etiology of bladder cancer in North Indian population. Hum Exp Toxicol 2017; 37:817-826. [DOI: 10.1177/0960327117734623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Urinary bladder cancer (UBC) is one of the most common malignancies worldwide. The etiology of UBC is multifactorial and includes both exogenous and endogenous factors. Exogenous risk factors include exposure to heavy metals, aromatic amines, and environmental pollutants including pesticides such as organochlorine pesticides (OCPs). Environmental factors alone are incapable of directly producing DNA damage and may require activation by phase I metabolizing enzymes like cytochrome P450 in order to become active carcinogen. The present study is designed to study CYP1A1 gene expression, OCP level in cases of UBC, as well as to explore the plausible role of gene–environment interaction in the etiology of UBC among North Indian population. A total of 60 cases with equal number of controls were enrolled under this study, the OCP levels were estimated using gas chromatography, CYP1A1 mRNA expression was quantified by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction, and fold change was calculated using the ΔΔCt method. In the present study, the levels of OCP were found to be significantly higher with the upregulation of CYP1A1 mRNA expression among UBC cases as compared to controls. While putting multiple linear regression, it has been observed that there is a significant interaction between the levels of OCPs and ΔCt value of CYP1A1 gene taken into account hematuria episodes as dependent variable. The study concludes that when there is predisposition of OCPs and upregulation of CYP1A1 gene, then the result will be an increment in hematuria episodes which indicates that gene–environment interaction plays a significant role in the causation of UBC among North Indian population.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Verma
- Department of Surgery, University College of Medical Sciences (University of Delhi) and GTB Hospital, Delhi, India
| | - T Sharma
- Environmental Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, University College of Medical Sciences (University of Delhi) and GTB Hospital, Delhi, India
| | - S Gupta
- Department of Surgery, University College of Medical Sciences (University of Delhi) and GTB Hospital, Delhi, India
| | - BD Banerjee
- Environmental Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, University College of Medical Sciences (University of Delhi) and GTB Hospital, Delhi, India
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7
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Orakij W, Chetiyanukornkul T, Chuesaard T, Kaganoi Y, Uozaki W, Homma C, Boongla Y, Tang N, Hayakawa K, Toriba A. Personal inhalation exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and their nitro-derivatives in rural residents in northern Thailand. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2017; 189:510. [PMID: 28924862 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-017-6220-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2017] [Accepted: 09/04/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
A personal inhalation exposure and cancer risk assessment of rural residents in Lampang, Thailand, was conducted for the first time. This highlighted important factors that may be associated with the highest areal incidence of lung cancer. Personal exposure of rural residents to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and their nitro-derivatives (NPAHs) through inhalation of fine particulate matter (PM2.5) was investigated in addition to stationary air sampling in an urban area. The personal exposure of the subjects to PM2.5 ranged from 44.4 to 316 μg/m3, and the concentrations of PAHs (4.2-224 ng/m3) and NPAHs (120-1449 pg/m3) were higher than those at the urban site, indicating that personal exposure was affected by microenvironments through individual activities. The smoking behaviors of the rural residents barely affected their exposure to PAHs and NPAHs compared to other sources. The most important factor concerning the exposure of rural populations to PAHs was cooking activity, especially the use of charcoal open fires. The emission sources for rural residents and urban air were evaluated using diagnostic ratios, 1-nitropyrene/pyrene, and benzo[a]pyrene/benzo[ghi]perylene. Their analyses showed a significant contribution to emission from residents' personal activities in addition to the atmospheric environment. Furthermore, the personal inhalation cancer risks for all rural subjects exceeded the USEPA guideline value, suggesting that the residents have a potentially increased cancer risk. The use of open fires showed the highest cancer risk. A reduction in exposure to air pollutants for the residents could potentially be achieved by using clean fuel such as liquid petroleum gas or electricity for daily cooking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Walaiporn Orakij
- Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa, 920-1192, Japan
| | | | | | - Yuichi Kaganoi
- Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa, 920-1192, Japan
| | - Waka Uozaki
- Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa, 920-1192, Japan
| | - Chiharu Homma
- Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa, 920-1192, Japan
| | - Yaowatat Boongla
- Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa, 920-1192, Japan
| | - Ning Tang
- Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa, 920-1192, Japan
- Institute of Nature and Environmental Technology, Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa, 920-1192, Japan
| | - Kazuichi Hayakawa
- Institute of Nature and Environmental Technology, Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa, 920-1192, Japan
| | - Akira Toriba
- Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa, 920-1192, Japan.
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Malik SS, Masood N, Baig M, Yasmin A. The association of GSTM1 and GSTT1 deletion polymorphisms with lung cancer risk: Evidence from an updated meta-analysis. Meta Gene 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mgene.2016.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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9
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Phukan RK, Saikia BJ, Borah PK, Zomawia E, Sekhon GS, Mahanta J. Role of household exposure, dietary habits and glutathione S-Transferases M1, T1 polymorphisms in susceptibility to lung cancer among women in Mizoram India. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2015; 15:3253-60. [PMID: 24815479 DOI: 10.7314/apjcp.2014.15.7.3253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A case-control study was conducted to evaluate the effect of household exposure, dietary habits, smoking and Glutathione S-Transferases M1, T1 polymorphisms on lung cancer among women in Mizoram, India. MATERIALS AND METHODS We selected 230 newly diagnosed primary lung cases and 460 controls from women in Mizoram. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to estimate adjusted odds ratio (OR). RESULTS Exposure of cooking oil fumes (p<0.003), wood as heating source for cooking (p=0.004), kitchen inside living room (p=0.001), improper ventilated house (p=0.003), roasting of soda in kitchen (p=0.001), current smokers of tobacco (p=0.043), intake of smoked fish (p=0.006), smoked meat (p=0.001), Soda (p<0.001) and GSTM1 null genotype (p=0.003) were significantly associated with increased risk of lung cancer among women in Mizoram. Significantly protective effect was observed for intake of bamboo shoots (p=<0.001) and egg (p<0.001). A clear increase in dose response gradient was observed for total cooking dish years. Risk for lung cancer tends to increase with collegial effect of indoor environmental sources (p=0.022). Significant correlation was also observed for interaction of GST polymorphisms with some of dietary habits. CONCLUSIONS We confirmed the important role of exposure of cooking oil emission and wood smoke, intake of smoked meat, smoked fish and soda (an alkali preparation used as food additives in Mizoram) and tobacco consumption for increase risk of lung cancer among Women in Mizoram.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rup Kumar Phukan
- Regional Medical Research Centre, ICMR (NE Region), Assam, India E-mail :
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10
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Association between the CYP1A1 T3801C polymorphism and risk of cancer: Evidence from 268 case–control studies. Gene 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2013.10.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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11
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Xu CH, Wang Q, Qian Q, Zhan P, Yu LK. CYP1A1 exon7 polymorphism is associated with lung cancer risk among the female population and among smokers: a meta-analysis. Tumour Biol 2013; 34:3901-11. [PMID: 23832578 DOI: 10.1007/s13277-013-0978-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2013] [Accepted: 06/25/2013] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The genetic polymorphism of the CYP1A1 exon7 (rs1048943) gene is thought to have a significant effect on lung cancer risk, but the results are inconsistent. To assess this relationship more precisely, a meta-analysis was performed. Ultimately, 45 case-control studies, involving 19,689 subjects were included. A significantly increased lung cancer risk was associated with two exon7 genotype variants (for Val/Val vs Ile/Ile: odds ratio [OR] = 1.23, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.10-1.43; for (Ile/Val + Val/Val) vs Ile/Ile: OR = 1.16, 95% CI = 1.08-1.24) in the overall population. In the stratified analysis by ethnicity, gender, and smoking status, a significant association was found in Asians, Caucasians, and the female population, not the male population. Additionally, a significant association was found in the smoker population, not in the nonsmoker population. This meta-analysis suggests that the exon7 polymorphisms of CYP1A1 correlate with increased lung cancer susceptibility and there is an interaction between CYP1A1 exon7 polymorphisms and smoking, but these associations vary in different genders of the case and control populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-hua Xu
- First Department of Respiratory Medicine, Nanjing Chest Hospital, Nanjing, China
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12
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Mustafa MD, Banerjee BD, Ahmed RS, Tripathi AK, Guleria K. Gene-environment interaction in preterm delivery with special reference to organochlorine pesticides. Mol Hum Reprod 2012; 19:35-42. [DOI: 10.1093/molehr/gas039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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13
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Ji YN, Wang Q, Suo LJ. CYP1A1 Ile462Val polymorphism contributes to lung cancer susceptibility among lung squamous carcinoma and smokers: a meta-analysis. PLoS One 2012; 7:e43397. [PMID: 22952673 PMCID: PMC3429471 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0043397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2012] [Accepted: 07/20/2012] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Many studies have examined the association between the CYP1A1 Ile462Val gene polymorphisms and lung cancer risk in various populations, but their results have been inconsistent. To assess this relationship more precisely, a meta-analysis was performed. Ultimately, 43 case-control studies, comprising 19,228 subjects were included. A significantly elevated lung cancer risk was associated with 2 Ile462Val genotype variants (for Val/Val vs Ile/Ile: OR = 1.22, 95% CI = 1.08-1.40; for (Ile/Val +Val/Val) vs Ile/Ile: OR = 1.15, 95% CI = 1.07-1.23) in overall population. In the stratified analysis, a significant association was found in Asians, Caucasians and lung SCC, not lung AC and lung SCLC. Additionally, a significant association was found in smoker population and not found in non-smoker populations. This meta-analysis suggests that the Ile462Val polymorphisms of CYP1A1 correlate with increased lung cancer susceptibility in Asian and Caucasian populations and there is an interaction with smoking status, but these associations vary in different histological types of lung caner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Nan Ji
- Jiangsu Province Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China.
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14
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Ji YN, Wang Q, Lin XQ, Suo LJ. CYP1A1 MspI polymorphisms and lung cancer risk: An updated meta-analysis involving 20,209 subjects. Cytokine 2012; 59:324-34. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2012.04.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2011] [Revised: 03/04/2012] [Accepted: 04/18/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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15
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Genetic variations of glutathione s-transferase influence on blood cadmium concentration. J Toxicol 2012; 2012:356126. [PMID: 22291700 PMCID: PMC3265109 DOI: 10.1155/2012/356126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2011] [Accepted: 11/16/2011] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The glutathione S-transferases (GSTs) are involved in biotransformation and detoxification of cadmium (Cd). Genetic polymorphisms in these genes may lead to interindividual variation in Cd susceptibility. The objective of this study was to assess the association of GSTs (GSTT1, GSTM1, and GSTP1 Val105Ile) polymorphisms with blood Cd concentrations in a nonoccupationally exposed population. The 370 blood samples were analyzed for Cd concentration and polymorphisms in GSTs genes. Geometric mean of blood Cd among this population was 0.46 ± 0.02 μg/L (with 95% CI; 0.43-0.49 μg/L). Blood Cd concentrations in subjects carrying GSTP1 Val/Val genotype were significantly higher than those with Ile/Ile and Ile/Val genotypes. No significant differences in blood Cd concentrations among individual with gene deletions of GSTT1 and GSTM1 were observed. GSTP1/GSTT1 and GSTP1/GSTM1 combinations showed significantly associated with increase in blood Cd levels. This study indicated that polymorphisms of GSTP1 combined with GSTT1 and/or GSTM1 deletion are likely to influence on individual susceptibility to cadmium toxicity.
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Zhan P, Wang Q, Qian Q, Wei SZ, Yu LK. CYP1A1 MspI and exon7 gene polymorphisms and lung cancer risk: an updated meta-analysis and review. J Exp Clin Cancer Res 2011; 30:99. [PMID: 22014025 PMCID: PMC3212928 DOI: 10.1186/1756-9966-30-99] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2011] [Accepted: 10/20/2011] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Many studies have examined the association between the CYP1A1 MspI and exon 7 gene polymorphisms and lung cancer risk in various populations, but their results have been inconsistent. METHODS To assess this relationship more precisely, a meta-analysis and review were performed. The PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and CNKI database was searched for case-control studies published up to June 2010. Data were extracted and pooled odds ratios (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated. RESULTS Ultimately, 64 studies, comprising 18,397 subjects from 49 case-control studies of the MspI genotype and 18,518 patients from 40 case-control studies of the exon 7 genotype, were included. A significantly elevated lung cancer risk was associated with 2 MspI genotype variants (for type C vs. Type A: OR = 1.26, 95% CI = 1.12-1.42; for types B and C combined vs. Type A: OR = 1.20, 95% CI = 1.13-1.28) in overall population. In the stratified analysis, a significant association was found in Asians, Caucasians, lung SCC, lung AC and Male population, not in mixed population, lung SCLC and female population. However, inconsistent results were observed for CYP1A1 exon7 in our meta-analysis, two variants of the exon 7 polymorphism were associated with a significantly higher risk for lung cancer (for Val/Val vs. Ile/Ile: OR = 1.24, 95% CI = 1.09-1.42; for (Ile/Val +Val/Val) vs. Ile/Ile: OR = 1.15, 95% CI = 1.07-1.24) in overall population. In the stratified analysis, a significant assocation was found in Asians, Caucasians, lung SCC and Female population, not in mixed population, lung AD, lung SCLC and Male population. Additionally, a significant association was found in smoker population and not found in non-smoker populations for CYP1A1 MspI and exon7 gene. CONCLUSIONS This meta-analysis suggests that the MspI and exon 7 polymorphisms of CYP1A1 correlate with increased lung cancer susceptibility and there is an interaction between two genotypes of CYP1A1 polymorphism and smoking, but these associations vary in different ethnic populations, histological types of lung cancer and gender of case and control population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Zhan
- First Department of Respiratory Medicine, Nanjing Chest Hospital, 215 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Qin Wang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, No. 81 Hospital of PLA, Nanjing, China
| | - Qian Qian
- First Department of Respiratory Medicine, Nanjing Chest Hospital, 215 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Shu-Zhen Wei
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University School of Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Li-Ke Yu
- First Department of Respiratory Medicine, Nanjing Chest Hospital, 215 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing 210029, China
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Assessment of cumulative evidence for the association between glutathione S-transferase polymorphisms and lung cancer: application of the Venice interim guidelines. Pharmacogenet Genomics 2011; 20:586-97. [PMID: 20729793 DOI: 10.1097/fpc.0b013e32833c3892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE There is an overwhelming abundance of genetic association studies available in the literature, which can often be collectively difficult to interpret. To address this issue, the Venice interim guidelines were established for determining the credibility of the cumulative evidence. The objective of this report is to evaluate the literature on the association of common glutathione S-transferase (GST) variants (GSTM1 null, GSTT1 null and GSTP1 Ile105Val polymorphism) and lung cancer, and to assess the credibility of the associations using the newly proposed cumulative evidence guidelines. METHODS Information from the literature was enriched with an updated meta-analysis and a pooled analysis using data from the Genetic Susceptibility to Environmental Carcinogens database. RESULTS There was a significant association between GSTM1 null and lung cancer for the meta-analysis (meta odds ratio=1.17, 95% confidence interval: 1.10-1.25) and pooled analysis (adjusted odds ratio=1.10, 95% confidence interval: 1.04-1.16), although substantial heterogeneity was present. No overall association between lung cancer and GSTT1 null or GSTP1 Ile105Val was found. When the Venice criteria was applied, cumulative evidence for all associations were considered 'weak', with the exception of East Asian carriers of the G allele of GSTP1 Ile105Val, which was graded as 'moderate' evidence. CONCLUSION Despite the large amounts of studies, and several statistically significant summary estimates produced by meta-analyses, the application of the Venice criteria suggests extensive heterogeneity and susceptibility to bias for the studies on association of common genetic polymorphisms, such as with GST variants and lung cancer.
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Chen Z, Li Z, Niu X, Ye X, Yu Y, Lu S, Chen Z. The effect of CYP1A1 polymorphisms on the risk of lung cancer: a global meta-analysis based on 71 case-control studies. Mutagenesis 2011; 26:437-46. [DOI: 10.1093/mutage/ger002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
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Hosgood HD, Wei H, Sapkota A, Choudhury I, Bruce N, Smith KR, Rothman N, Lan Q. Household coal use and lung cancer: systematic review and meta-analysis of case-control studies, with an emphasis on geographic variation. Int J Epidemiol 2011; 40:719-28. [PMID: 21278196 DOI: 10.1093/ije/dyq259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Emissions from household coal combustion associated with cooking and heating are an important public health issue, particularly in China where hundreds of millions of people are exposed. Although coal emissions are a known human carcinogen, there is still uncertainty about the level of risk for lung and other cancers. METHODS We performed a meta-analysis on 25 case-control studies (10,142 cases and 13,416 controls) to summarize the association between household coal use and lung cancer risk, and to explore the effect modification of this association by geographical location. RESULTS Using random-effects models, household coal use was found to be associated with lung cancer risk among all studies throughout the world [odds ratio (OR) = 2.15; 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.61-2.89, N(studies) = 25], and particularly among those studies carried out in mainland China and Taiwan (OR = 2.27; 95% CI = 1.65-3.12, N(studies) = 20). Stratification by regions of mainland China and Taiwan found a variation in effects across the regions, with south/southeastern (OR = 3.27; 95% CI = 1.27-8.42, N(studies) = 3) and southwestern China (OR = 2.98; 95% CI = 1.18-7.53, N(studies) = 3) experiencing the highest risk. The elevated risk associated with coal use throughout Asia was also observed when stratifying studies by gender, smoking status, sample size, design (population vs hospital case-control) and publication language. No significant publication bias was found (p(Begg's) = 0.15). CONCLUSIONS Our results provide evidence that although the carcinogenic effect of coal use varies by location, coals from many locations exhibit elevated lung cancer risks.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Dean Hosgood
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA.
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Hosgood HD, Boffetta P, Greenland S, Lee YCA, McLaughlin J, Seow A, Duell EJ, Andrew AS, Zaridze D, Szeszenia-Dabrowska N, Rudnai P, Lissowska J, Fabiánová E, Mates D, Bencko V, Foretova L, Janout V, Morgenstern H, Rothman N, Hung RJ, Brennan P, Lan Q. In-home coal and wood use and lung cancer risk: a pooled analysis of the International Lung Cancer Consortium. ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES 2010; 118:1743-7. [PMID: 20846923 PMCID: PMC3002194 DOI: 10.1289/ehp.1002217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2010] [Accepted: 09/15/2010] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Domestic fuel combustion from cooking and heating is an important public health issue because roughly 3 billion people are exposed worldwide. Recently, the International Agency for Research on Cancer classified indoor emissions from household coal combustion as a human carcinogen (group 1) and from biomass fuel (primarily wood) as a probable human carcinogen (group 2A). OBJECTIVES We pooled seven studies from the International Lung Cancer Consortium (5,105 cases and 6,535 controls) to provide further epidemiological evaluation of the association between in-home solid-fuel use, particularly wood, and lung cancer risk. METHODS Using questionnaire data, we classified subjects as predominant solid-fuel users (e.g., coal, wood) or nonsolid-fuel users (e.g., oil, gas, electricity). Unconditional logistic regression was used to estimate the odds ratios (ORs) and to compute 95% confidence intervals (CIs), adjusting for age, sex, education, smoking status, race/ethnicity, and study center. RESULTS Compared with nonsolid-fuel users, predominant coal users (OR = 1.64; 95% CI, 1.49-1.81), particularly coal users in Asia (OR = 4.93; 95% CI, 3.73-6.52), and predominant wood users in North American and European countries (OR = 1.21; 95% CI, 1.06-1.38) experienced higher risk of lung cancer. The results were similar in never-smoking women and other subgroups. CONCLUSIONS Our results are consistent with previous observations pertaining to in-home coal use and lung cancer risk, support the hypothesis of a carcinogenic potential of in-home wood use, and point to the need for more detailed study of factors affecting these associations.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Dean Hosgood
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland 20892-7240, USA.
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San Jose C, Cabanillas A, Benitez J, Carrillo JA, Jimenez M, Gervasini G. CYP1A1 gene polymorphisms increase lung cancer risk in a high-incidence region of Spain: a case control study. BMC Cancer 2010; 10:463. [PMID: 20804547 PMCID: PMC2940803 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2407-10-463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2010] [Accepted: 08/30/2010] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background A rural region in south-west Spain has one of the highest lung cancer incidence rates of the country, as revealed by a previous epidemiological 10-year follow-up study. The present work was undertaken to ascertain the role of CYP1A1 gene polymorphisms and their interaction with tobacco smoking in the development of the disease in this location. Methods One-hundred-and-three cases of lung cancer and 265 controls participated in the study. The participants were screened for the presence of four CYP1A1 polymorphisms, namely MspI, Ile462Val, T3205C, and Thr461Asn. Lung cancer risk was estimated as odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) using unconditional logistic regression models adjusting for age, sex, and smoking. Results The distribution of the variant CYP1A1 alleles was different from that described for other Caucasian populations, with CYP1A1*2A showing an uncommonly high frequency (p < 0.01). The CYP1A1*2B allele (carrying MspI and Ile462Val mutations) was strongly associated with high lung cancer risk (OR = 4.59, CI:1.4-12.6, p <0.01). The Ile462Val polymorphism was also shown to increase the risk for the disease (OR = 4.51, CI:1.8-11.9; p <0.01) and particularly for squamous-cell (OR = 5.01; CI: 1.6-14.3, p < 0.01) and small-cell lung carcinoma (SCLC) (OR = 6.97, CI: 1.2-81.3; p = 0.04). Moreover, the Thr461Asn polymorphism was found to be associated with SCLC in a Caucasian population for the first time to our knowledge (OR = 8.33, CI: 1.3-15.2, p = 0.04). Conclusion The results suggest that CYP1A1 polymorphisms contribute to increase lung cancer susceptibility in an area with an uncommon high incidence rate.
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Yochum CL, Bhattacharya P, Patti L, Mirochnitchenko O, Wagner GC. Animal model of autism using GSTM1 knockout mice and early post-natal sodium valproate treatment. Behav Brain Res 2010; 210:202-10. [PMID: 20178820 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2010.02.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2009] [Revised: 02/15/2010] [Accepted: 02/16/2010] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Autism is a heterogeneous, behaviorally defined developmental disorder with unknown etiology but thought to be the result of environmental insult acting upon the developing brain of a genetically susceptible individual. Approximately 30% of individuals with autism have normal development up to the age of about 30 months after which they experience behavioral regression and lose previously acquired motor, cognitive and social skills. Early post-natal toxicant administration to mice has been used to model autistic regression. To test the hypothesis that genetically altered mice might be more sensitive to toxicant exposure early in life, mice with a deletion of glutathione-S-transferaseM1 (GSTM1; a gene associated with increased risk of autism that codes for an enzyme involved in the management of toxicant-induced oxidative stress) and wild-type controls were exposed to valproic acid (VPA; a toxicant known to cause autism-like behavioral deficits that, in part, are mediated through oxidative stress) on post-natal day 14. VPA treatment caused significant increases in apoptosis in granule cells of the hippocampus and cerebellum. There was a genotype by treatment by sex interaction with wild-type females exhibiting significantly fewer apoptotic cells in these regions compared to all other groups. VPA treatment also resulted in long-lasting deficits in social behaviors and significant alterations in brain chemistry. VPA-treated GSTM1 knockout animals performed significantly fewer crawl-under behaviors compared to saline-treated knockout animals as well as wild-type controls receiving either treatment. Collectively, these studies indicate that VPA-treatment causes cerebellar and hippocampal apoptosis and that having the wild-type GSTM1 genotype may confer protection against VPA-induced neuronal death in female mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carrie L Yochum
- Environmental & Occupational Health Sciences Institute, UMDNJ/RWJMS, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA
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Suh YJ, Ha EH, Park H, Kim YJ, Kim H, Hong YC. GSTM1 polymorphism along with PM10 exposure contributes to the risk of preterm delivery. MUTATION RESEARCH-GENETIC TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL MUTAGENESIS 2008; 656:62-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mrgentox.2008.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2008] [Revised: 06/19/2008] [Accepted: 07/13/2008] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Lee KM, Kang D, Clapper ML, Ingelman-Sundberg M, Ono-Kihara M, Kiyohara C, Min S, Lan Q, Le Marchand L, Lin P, Lung ML, Pinarbasi H, Pisani P, Srivatanakul P, Seow A, Sugimura H, Tokudome S, Yokota J, Taioli E. CYP1A1, GSTM1, and GSTT1 Polymorphisms, Smoking, and Lung Cancer Risk in a Pooled Analysis among Asian Populations. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2008; 17:1120-6. [DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.epi-07-2786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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Hosgood HD, Berndt SI, Lan Q. GST genotypes and lung cancer susceptibility in Asian populations with indoor air pollution exposures: a meta-analysis. Mutat Res 2007; 636:134-43. [PMID: 17428724 PMCID: PMC2170530 DOI: 10.1016/j.mrrev.2007.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2006] [Revised: 02/23/2007] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
About half of the world's population is exposed to smoke from heating or cooking with coal, wood, or biomass. These exposures, and fumes from cooking oil use, have been associated with increased lung cancer risk. Glutathione S-transferases play an important role in the detoxification of a wide range of human carcinogens in these exposures. Functional polymorphisms have been identified in the GSTM1, GSTT1, and GSTP1 genes, which may alter the risk of lung cancer among individuals exposed to coal, wood, and biomass smoke, and cooking oil fumes. We performed a meta-analysis of 6 published studies (912 cases; 1063 controls) from regions in Asia where indoor air pollution makes a substantial contribution to lung cancer risk, and evaluated the association between the GSTM1 null, GSTT1 null, and GSTP1 105Val polymorphisms and lung cancer risk. Using a random effects model, we found that carriers of the GSTM1 null genotype had a borderline significant increased lung cancer risk (odds ratio (OR), 1.31; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.95-1.79; p=0.10), which was particularly evident in the summary risk estimate for the four studies carried out in regions of Asia that use coal for heating and cooking (OR, 1.64; 95% CI, 1.25-2.14; p=0.0003). The GSTT1 null genotype was also associated with an increased lung cancer risk (OR, 1.49; 95% CI, 1.17-1.89; p=0.001), but no association was observed for the GSTP1 105Val allele. Previous meta- and pooled-analyses suggest at most a small association between the GSTM1 null genotype and lung cancer risk in populations where the vast majority of lung cancer is attributed to tobacco, and where indoor air pollution from domestic heating and cooking is much less than in developing Asian countries. Our results suggest that the GSTM1 null genotype may be associated with a more substantial risk of lung cancer in populations with coal exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Dean Hosgood
- National Cancer Institute, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, Occupational and Environmental Epidemiology Branch, Bethesda, MD 20892-7240, USA.
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