1
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Greenberger C, Mor P. Underpinnings of the Halachic Approach to BRCA Screening and Intervention: Facilitating Provider Counseling for Observant Jewish Populations. Rambam Maimonides Med J 2024; 15:RMMJ.10522. [PMID: 38717180 PMCID: PMC11065093 DOI: 10.5041/rmmj.10522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Halacha is the corpus of Jewish law which serves as a life blueprint for observant Jewish individuals. Health professionals counseling halachically observant populations at risk for breast cancer gene (BRCA) mutations should be well informed of the halachic approach to screening for BRCA mutations and subsequent interventions. AIM To address the intersection of halacha with ethical norms and current medical evidence-based data as they relate to potential and identified BRCA mutation carriers at their various stages of decision-making. RESULTS Halacha, ethics, and medicine have much in common, but there are specific principles which guide halacha; decision-making in light of halacha is complex and varies with respect to the multi-faceted aspects of screening and intervention. Halacha encourages the exercise of autonomy regarding situations in which beneficence is not clear-cut and dependent on subjective perceptions. CONCLUSIONS Health professionals knowledgeable of halacha are better equipped to counsel the observant Jewish population at risk of BRCA mutations or identified as mutation carriers, enabling them to present targeted questions to halachic authorities and thus achieve optimal decision-making.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaya Greenberger
- Adjunct Professor of Nursing, Lev Academic Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Pnina Mor
- Medical Genetics Institute, Shaare Zedek Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
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2
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Alsaiari AA, Gharib AF, Bakhuraysah MM, Alrehaili AA, Algethami SM, Alsaif HA, Al Harthi N, Hakami MA. Chlordiazepoxide against signalling, receptor and regulatory proteins of breast cancer: a structure-based in-silico approach. Med Oncol 2024; 41:117. [PMID: 38630325 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-024-02366-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2024] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
Among the most prevalent forms of cancer are breast, lung, colon-rectum, and prostate cancers, and breast cancer is a major global health challenge, contributing to 2.26 million cases with approximately 685,000 deaths worldwide in 2020 alone, typically beginning in the milk ducts or lobules that produce and transport milk during lactation and it is becoming challenging to treat as the tissues are developing resistance, which makes urgent calls for new multitargeted drugs. The multitargeted drug design provides a better solution, simultaneously targeting multiple pathways, even when the drug resists one, it remains effective for others. In this study, we included four crucial proteins that perform signalling, receptor, and regulatory action, namely- NUDIX Hydrolases, Dihydrofolate Reductase, HER2/neu Kinase and EGFR and performed multitargeted molecular docking studies against human-approved drugs using HTVS, SP and extra precise algorithms and filtered the poses with MM\GBSA, suggested a benzodiazepine derivative chlordiazepoxide, used as an anxiolytic agent, can be a multitargeted inhibitor with docking and MM\GBSA score ranging from - 4.628 to - 7.877 and - 18.59 to - 135.86 kcal/mol, respectively, and the most interacted residues were 6ARG, 6GLU, 3TRP, and 3VAL. The QikProp-based ADMET and DFT computations showed the suitability and stability of the drug candidate followed by 100 ns MD simulation in water and MMGBSA on trajectories, resulting in stable performance and many intermolecular interactions to make the complexes stable, which favours that chlordiazepoxide can be a multitargeted breast cancer inhibitor. However, experimental validation is needed before its use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahad Amer Alsaiari
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Science, College of Applied Medical Science, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif, 21944, Saudi Arabia
| | - Amal F Gharib
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Science, College of Applied Medical Science, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif, 21944, Saudi Arabia
| | - Maha Mahfouz Bakhuraysah
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Science, College of Applied Medical Science, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif, 21944, Saudi Arabia
| | - Amani A Alrehaili
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Science, College of Applied Medical Science, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif, 21944, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shatha M Algethami
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Science, College of Applied Medical Science, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif, 21944, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hayfa Ali Alsaif
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Science, College of Applied Medical Science, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif, 21944, Saudi Arabia
| | - Norah Al Harthi
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Science, College of Applied Medical Science, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif, 21944, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Ageeli Hakami
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Shaqra University, Al-Quwayiyah, Riyadh, 11433, Saudi Arabia.
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Sathipati SY, Tsai MJ, Aimalla N, Moat L, Shukla S, Allaire P, Hebbring S, Beheshti A, Sharma R, Ho SY. An evolutionary learning-based method for identifying a circulating miRNA signature for breast cancer diagnosis prediction. NAR Genom Bioinform 2024; 6:lqae022. [PMID: 38406797 PMCID: PMC10894035 DOI: 10.1093/nargab/lqae022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Revised: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) is one of the most commonly diagnosed cancers worldwide. As key regulatory molecules in several biological processes, microRNAs (miRNAs) are potential biomarkers for cancer. Understanding the miRNA markers that can detect BC may improve survival rates and develop new targeted therapeutic strategies. To identify a circulating miRNA signature for diagnostic prediction in patients with BC, we developed an evolutionary learning-based method called BSig. BSig established a compact set of miRNAs as potential markers from 1280 patients with BC and 2686 healthy controls retrieved from the serum miRNA expression profiles for the diagnostic prediction. BSig demonstrated outstanding prediction performance, with an independent test accuracy and area under the receiver operating characteristic curve were 99.90% and 0.99, respectively. We identified 12 miRNAs, including hsa-miR-3185, hsa-miR-3648, hsa-miR-4530, hsa-miR-4763-5p, hsa-miR-5100, hsa-miR-5698, hsa-miR-6124, hsa-miR-6768-5p, hsa-miR-6800-5p, hsa-miR-6807-5p, hsa-miR-642a-3p, and hsa-miR-6836-3p, which significantly contributed towards diagnostic prediction in BC. Moreover, through bioinformatics analysis, this study identified 65 miRNA-target genes specific to BC cell lines. A comprehensive gene-set enrichment analysis was also performed to understand the underlying mechanisms of these target genes. BSig, a tool capable of BC detection and facilitating therapeutic selection, is publicly available at https://github.com/mingjutsai/BSig.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ming-Ju Tsai
- Hinda and Arthur Marcus Institute for Aging Research at Hebrew Senior Life, Boston, MA 02131, USA
- Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02131, USA
| | - Nikhila Aimalla
- Department of Internal Medicine-Pediatrics, Marshfield Clinic Health System, Marshfield, WI 54449, USA
| | - Luke Moat
- Center for Precision Medicine Research, Marshfield Clinic Research Institute, Marshfield, WI 54449, USA
| | - Sanjay K Shukla
- Center for Precision Medicine Research, Marshfield Clinic Research Institute, Marshfield, WI 54449, USA
| | - Patrick Allaire
- Center for Precision Medicine Research, Marshfield Clinic Research Institute, Marshfield, WI 54449, USA
| | - Scott Hebbring
- Center for Precision Medicine Research, Marshfield Clinic Research Institute, Marshfield, WI 54449, USA
| | - Afshin Beheshti
- Blue Marble Space Institute of Science, Space Biosciences Division, NASA Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, CA94035, USA
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Rohit Sharma
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Marshfield Clinic Health System, Marshfield, WI 54449, USA
| | - Shinn-Ying Ho
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Systems biology, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan
- College of Health Sciences, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807378, Taiwan
- Biomedical Engineering, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan
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4
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Torres A, Cameselle C, Otero P, Simal-Gandara J. The Impact of Vitamin D and Its Dietary Supplementation in Breast Cancer Prevention: An Integrative Review. Nutrients 2024; 16:573. [PMID: 38474702 DOI: 10.3390/nu16050573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2024] [Revised: 02/09/2024] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Vitamin D deficiency is currently a significant public health issue closely linked to numerous diseases, such as breast cancer. This study aims to determine the estimated optimal serum levels of vitamin D to have a protective effect against breast cancer, in addition to exploring the biological mechanisms and risk factors involved. A literature search of articles published in the last 5 years was conducted, and simple statistical analyses using mean and standard deviation were performed to calculate the average concentration of vitamin D from different available studies. It has been observed that serum levels of vitamin D ≥ 40.26 ng/mL ± 14.19 ng/mL could exert a protective effect against breast cancer. Additionally, various biological mechanisms, such as those related to the immune system, and risk factors like diet implicated in this relationship were elucidated. Consequently, it can be concluded that proper serum levels of vitamin D may have a protective effect against breast cancer, and dietary supplementation may be an appropriate procedure to achieve these optimal vitamin D concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antía Torres
- Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Department of Analytical Chemistry and Food Science, Faculty of Science, University de Vigo, E-32004 Ourense, Spain
| | - Carla Cameselle
- Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Department of Analytical Chemistry and Food Science, Faculty of Science, University de Vigo, E-32004 Ourense, Spain
| | - Paz Otero
- Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Department of Analytical Chemistry and Food Science, Faculty of Science, University de Vigo, E-32004 Ourense, Spain
| | - Jesus Simal-Gandara
- Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Department of Analytical Chemistry and Food Science, Faculty of Science, University de Vigo, E-32004 Ourense, Spain
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Almasoudi HH, Mashraqi MM, Alshamrani SA, Alharthi AA, Alsalmi O, Nahari MH, Al-Mansour FSH, Alhazmi AYM. Structure-Based In Silico Approaches Reveal IRESSA as a Multitargeted Breast Cancer Regulatory, Signalling, and Receptor Protein Inhibitor. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2024; 17:208. [PMID: 38399423 PMCID: PMC10891917 DOI: 10.3390/ph17020208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2024] [Revised: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer begins in the breast cells, mainly impacting women. It starts in the cells that line the milk ducts or lobules responsible for producing milk and can spread to nearby tissues and other body parts. In 2020, around 2.3 million women across the globe received a diagnosis, with an estimated 685,000 deaths. Additionally, 7.8 million women were living with breast cancer, making it the fifth leading cause of cancer-related deaths among women. The mutational changes, overexpression of drug efflux pumps, activation of alternative signalling pathways, tumour microenvironment, and cancer stem cells are causing higher levels of drug resistance, and one of the major solutions is to identify multitargeted drugs. In our research, we conducted a comprehensive screening using HTVS, SP, and XP, followed by an MM/GBSA computation of human-approved drugs targeting HER2/neu, BRCA1, PIK3CA, and ESR1. Our analysis pinpointed IRESSA (Gefitinib-DB00317) as a multitargeted inhibitor for these proteins, revealing docking scores ranging from -4.527 to -8.809 Kcal/mol and MM/GBSA scores between -49.09 and -61.74 Kcal/mol. We selected interacting residues as fingerprints, pinpointing 8LEU, 6VAL, 6LYS, 6ASN, 5ILE, and 5GLU as the most prevalent in interactions. Subsequently, we analysed the ADMET properties and compared them with the standard values of QikProp. We extended our study for DFT computations with Jaguar and plotted the electrostatic potential, HOMO and LUMO regions, and electron density, followed by a molecular dynamics simulation for 100 ns in water, showing an utterly stable performance, making it a suitable drug candidate. IRESSA is FDA-approved for lung cancer, which shares some pathways with breast cancers, clearing the hurdles of multitargeted drugs against breast and lung cancer. This has the potential to be groundbreaking; however, more studies are needed to concreate IRESSA's role.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hassan Hussain Almasoudi
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Najran University, Najran 61441, Saudi Arabia; (H.H.A.); (M.M.M.); (S.A.A.); (M.H.N.); (F.S.H.A.-M.)
| | - Mutaib M. Mashraqi
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Najran University, Najran 61441, Saudi Arabia; (H.H.A.); (M.M.M.); (S.A.A.); (M.H.N.); (F.S.H.A.-M.)
| | - Saleh A. Alshamrani
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Najran University, Najran 61441, Saudi Arabia; (H.H.A.); (M.M.M.); (S.A.A.); (M.H.N.); (F.S.H.A.-M.)
| | - Afaf Awwadh Alharthi
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia; (A.A.A.); (O.A.)
| | - Ohud Alsalmi
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia; (A.A.A.); (O.A.)
| | - Mohammed H. Nahari
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Najran University, Najran 61441, Saudi Arabia; (H.H.A.); (M.M.M.); (S.A.A.); (M.H.N.); (F.S.H.A.-M.)
| | - Fares Saeed H. Al-Mansour
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Najran University, Najran 61441, Saudi Arabia; (H.H.A.); (M.M.M.); (S.A.A.); (M.H.N.); (F.S.H.A.-M.)
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6
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El-Tanani M, Nsairat H, Aljabali AA, Matalka II, Alkilany AM, Tambuwala MM. Dual-loaded liposomal carriers to combat chemotherapeutic resistance in breast cancer. Expert Opin Drug Deliv 2024; 21:309-324. [PMID: 38284386 DOI: 10.1080/17425247.2024.2311812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 01/30/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The resistance to chemotherapy is a significant hurdle in breast cancer treatment, prompting the exploration of innovative strategies. This review discusses the potential of dual-loaded liposomal carriers to combat chemoresistance and improve outcomes for breast cancer patients. AREAS COVERED This review discusses breast cancer chemotherapy resistance and dual-loaded liposomal carriers. Drug efflux pumps, DNA repair pathways, and signaling alterations are discussed as chemoresistance mechanisms. Liposomes can encapsulate several medicines and cargo kinds, according to the review. It examines how these carriers improve medication delivery, cancer cell targeting, and tumor microenvironment regulation. Also examined are dual-loaded liposomal carrier improvement challenges and techniques. EXPERT OPINION The use of dual-loaded liposomal carriers represents a promising and innovative strategy in the battle against chemotherapy resistance in breast cancer. This article has explored the various mechanisms of chemoresistance in breast cancer, emphasizing the potential of dual-loaded liposomal carriers to overcome these challenges. These carriers offer versatility, enabling the encapsulation and precise targeting of multiple drugs with different modes of action, a crucial advantage when dealing with the complexity of breast cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed El-Tanani
- College of Pharmacy, RAK Medical & Health Sciences University, Ras Al Khaimah, United Arab Emirates
- Pharmacological and Diagnostic Research Center, Pharmacy, Al-Ahliyya Amman University, Amman, Jordan
| | - Hamdi Nsairat
- Pharmacological and Diagnostic Research Center, Pharmacy, Al-Ahliyya Amman University, Amman, Jordan
| | - Alaa A Aljabali
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Pharmacy, Yarmouk University, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Ismail I Matalka
- Ras Al Khaimah Medical and Health Sciences University, Ras Al Khaimah, United Arab Emirates
- Department of Pathology and Microbiology, Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
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7
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Prabhu KS, Sadida HQ, Kuttikrishnan S, Junejo K, Bhat AA, Uddin S. Beyond genetics: Exploring the role of epigenetic alterations in breast cancer. Pathol Res Pract 2024; 254:155174. [PMID: 38306863 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2024.155174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2023] [Revised: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 02/04/2024]
Abstract
Breast cancer remains a major global health challenge. Its rising incidence is attributed to factors such as delayed diagnosis, the complexity of its subtypes, and increasing drug resistance, all contributing to less-than-ideal patient outcomes. Central to the progression of breast cancer are epigenetic aberrations, which significantly contribute to drug resistance and the emergence of cancer stem cell traits. These include alterations in DNA methylation, histone modifications, and the expression of non-coding RNAs. Understanding these epigenetic changes is crucial for developing advanced breast cancer management strategies despite their complexity. Investigating these epigenetic modifications offers the potential for novel diagnostic markers, more accurate prognostic indicators, and the identification of reliable predictors of treatment response. This could lead to the development of new targeted therapies. However, this requires sustained, focused research efforts to navigate the challenges of understanding breast cancer carcinogenesis and its epigenetic underpinnings. A deeper understanding of epigenetic mechanisms in breast cancer can revolutionize personalized medicine. This could lead to significant improvements in patient care, including early detection, precise disease stratification, and more effective treatment options.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kirti S Prabhu
- Translational Research Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha 3050, Qatar
| | - Hana Q Sadida
- Laboratory of Precision Medicine in Diabetes, Obesity and Cancer Research Program, Department of Population Genetics, Sidra Medicine, Doha 26999, Qatar
| | - Shilpa Kuttikrishnan
- Translational Research Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha 3050, Qatar
| | - Kulsoom Junejo
- General Surgery Department, Hamad General Hospital, Hamad Medical Corporation, P.O. Box 3050, Doha, Qatar
| | - Ajaz A Bhat
- Laboratory of Precision Medicine in Diabetes, Obesity and Cancer Research Program, Department of Population Genetics, Sidra Medicine, Doha 26999, Qatar
| | - Shahab Uddin
- Translational Research Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha 3050, Qatar; Dermatology Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha 3050, Qatar; Laboratory of Animal Research Center, Qatar University, Doha 2713, Qatar.
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8
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Gu Y, Wang M, Gong Y, Li X, Wang Z, Wang Y, Jiang S, Zhang D, Li C. Unveiling breast cancer risk profiles: a survival clustering analysis empowered by an online web application. Future Oncol 2023; 19:2651-2667. [PMID: 38095059 DOI: 10.2217/fon-2023-0736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Aim: To develop a shiny app for doctors to investigate breast cancer treatments through a new approach by incorporating unsupervised clustering and survival information. Materials & methods: Analysis is based on the Molecular Taxonomy of Breast Cancer International Consortium (METABRIC) dataset, which contains 1726 subjects and 22 variables. Cox regression was used to identify survival risk factors for K-means clustering. Logrank tests and C-statistics were compared across different cluster numbers and Kaplan-Meier plots were presented. Results & conclusion: Our study fills an existing void by introducing a unique combination of unsupervised learning techniques and survival information on the clinician side, demonstrating the potential of survival clustering as a valuable tool in uncovering hidden structures based on distinct risk profiles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Gu
- Department of Statistics, The George Washington University, Washington, DC 20052, USA
| | - Mingyue Wang
- Department of Mathematics, Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY 13244, USA
| | - Yishu Gong
- Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston, NY 02115, USA
| | - Xin Li
- Department of Statistics, The George Washington University, Washington, DC 20052, USA
| | - Ziyang Wang
- Department of Computer Science, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 3QD, UK
| | - Yuli Wang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Song Jiang
- Department of Biochemistry, Huzhou Institute of Biological Products Co., Ltd., 313017, China
| | - Dan Zhang
- Department of Information Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Shan Dong, China
| | - Chen Li
- Department of Biology, Chemistry and Pharmacy, Free University of Berlin, Berlin, 14195, Germany
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Oh KE, Vasandani N, Anwar A. Radiomics to Differentiate Malignant and Benign Breast Lesions: A Systematic Review and Diagnostic Test Accuracy Meta-Analysis. Cureus 2023; 15:e49015. [PMID: 38024014 PMCID: PMC10657146 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.49015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/18/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is a prevalent global health concern, necessitating accurate diagnostic tools for effective management. Diagnostic imaging plays a pivotal role in breast cancer diagnosis, staging, treatment planning, and outcome evaluation. Radiomics is an emerging field of study in medical imaging that contains a broad set of computational methods to extract quantitative features from radiographic images. This can be utilized to guide diagnosis, treatment response, and prognosis in clinical settings. A systematic review was performed in concordance with Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines and the Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Diagnostic Test Accuracy. Quality was assessed using the radiomics quality score. Diagnostic sensitivity and specificity of radiomics analysis, with 95% confidence intervals (CIs), were included for meta-analysis. The area under the curve analysis was recorded. An extensive statistical analysis was performed following the Cochrane guidelines. Statistical significance was determined if p-values were less than 0.05. Statistical analyses were conducted using Review Manager (RevMan), Version 5.4.1. A total of 31 manuscripts involving 8,773 patients were included, with 17 contributing to the meta-analysis. The cohort comprised 56.2% malignant breast cancers and 43.8% benign breast lesions. MRI demonstrated a sensitivity of 0.91 (95% CI: 0.89-0.92) and a specificity of 0.84 (95% CI: 0.82-0.86) in differentiating between benign and malignant breast cancers. Mammography-based radiomic features predicted breast cancer subtype with a sensitivity of 0.79 (95% CI: 0.76-0.82) and a specificity of 0.81 (95% CI: 0.79-0.84). Ultrasound-based analysis yielded a sensitivity of 0.92 (95% CI: 0.90-0.94) and a specificity of 0.85 (95% CI: 0.83-0.88). Only one study reported the results of radiomic evaluation from CT, which had a sensitivity of 0.95 (95% CI: 0.88-0.99) and a specificity of 0.56 (95% CI: 0.45-0.67). Across different imaging modalities, radiomics exhibited robust diagnostic accuracy in differentiating benign and malignant breast lesions. The results underscore the potential of radiomic assessment as a minimally invasive alternative or adjunctive diagnostic tool for breast cancer. This is pioneering data that reports on a novel diagnostic approach that is understudied and underreported. However, due to study limitations, the complexity of this technology, and the need for future development, biopsy still remains the current gold standard method of determining breast cancer type.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke En Oh
- Department of Surgery, University Hospital Galway, Galway, IRL
| | | | - Afiq Anwar
- Department of Surgery, University Hospital Galway, Galway, IRL
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Das PK, Siddika A, Rashel KM, Auwal A, Soha K, Rahman MA, Pillai S, Islam F. Roles of long noncoding RNA in triple-negative breast cancer. Cancer Med 2023; 12:20365-20379. [PMID: 37795578 PMCID: PMC10652353 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.6600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Revised: 09/02/2023] [Accepted: 09/17/2023] [Indexed: 10/06/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) play crucial roles in regulating various hallmarks in cancers. Triple-negative (Estrogen receptor, ER; Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2, HER2; Progesterone receptor, PR) breast cancer (TNBC) is the most aggressive form of breast cancers with a poor prognosis and no available molecular targeted therapy. METHODS We reviewed the current literature on the roles of lncRNAs in the pathogenesis, therapy resistance, and prognosis of patients with TBNC. RESULTS LncRNAs are associated with TNBC pathogenesis, therapy resistance, and prognosis. For example, lncRNAs such as small nucleolar RNA host gene 12 (SNHG12), highly upregulated in liver cancer (HULC) HOX transcript antisense intergenic RNA (HOTAIR), lincRNA-regulator of reprogramming (LincRNA-ROR), etc., are aberrantly expressed in TNBC and are involved in the pathogenesis of the disease. LncRNAs act as a decoy, scaffold, or sponge to regulate the expression of genes, miRNAs, and transcription factors associated with pathogenesis and progression of TNBC. Moreover, lncRNAs such as ferritin heavy chain 1 pseudogene 3 (FTH1P3), BMP/OP-responsive gene (BORG) contributes to the therapy resistance property of TNBC through activating ABCB1 (ATP-binding cassette subfamily B member 1) drug efflux pumps by increasing DNA repair capacity or by inducing signaling pathway involved in therapeutic resistance. CONCLUSION In this review, we outline the functions of various lncRNAs along with their molecular mechanisms involved in the pathogenesis, therapeutic resistance of TBNC. Also, the prognostic implications of lncRNAs in patients with TNBC is illustrated. Moreover, potential strategies targeting lncRNAs against highly aggressive TNBC is discussed in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Plabon Kumar Das
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular BiologyRajshahi UniversityRajshahiBangladesh
- Institute for GlycomicsGriffith UniversityGold CoastAustralia
| | - Ayesha Siddika
- Institute of Tissue Banking & Biomaterial Research, Atomic Energy Research Establishment (AERE) SavarDhakaBangladesh
| | - Khan Mohammad Rashel
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular BiologyRajshahi UniversityRajshahiBangladesh
| | - Abdul Auwal
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular BiologyRajshahi UniversityRajshahiBangladesh
| | - Kazi Soha
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular BiologyRajshahi UniversityRajshahiBangladesh
| | - Md. Arifur Rahman
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular BiologyRajshahi UniversityRajshahiBangladesh
| | - Suja Pillai
- School of Biomedical SciencesUniversity of QueenslandSaint LuciaAustralia
| | - Farhadul Islam
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular BiologyRajshahi UniversityRajshahiBangladesh
- Institute for GlycomicsGriffith UniversityGold CoastAustralia
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11
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Tufail M. DNA repair pathways in breast cancer: from mechanisms to clinical applications. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2023:10.1007/s10549-023-06995-z. [PMID: 37289340 DOI: 10.1007/s10549-023-06995-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Breast cancer (BC) is a complex disease with various subtypes and genetic alterations that impact DNA repair pathways. Understanding these pathways is essential for developing effective treatments and improving patient outcomes. AREA COVERED This study investigates the significance of DNA repair pathways in breast cancer, specifically focusing on various pathways such as nucleotide excision repair, base excision repair, mismatch repair, homologous recombination repair, non-homologous end joining, fanconi anemia pathway, translesion synthesis, direct repair, and DNA damage tolerance. The study also examines the role of these pathways in breast cancer resistance and explores their potential as targets for cancer treatment. CONCLUSION Recent advances in targeted therapies have shown promise in exploiting DNA repair pathways for BC treatment. However, much research is needed to improve the efficacy of these therapies and identify new targets. Additionally, personalized treatments that target specific DNA repair pathways based on tumor subtype or genetic profile are being developed. Advances in genomics and imaging technologies can potentially improve patient stratification and identify biomarkers of treatment response. However, many challenges remain, including toxicity, resistance, and the need for more personalized treatments. Continued research and development in this field could significantly improve BC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Tufail
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, 030006, China.
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12
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Meshkani Z, Moradi N, Aboutorabi A, Jafari A, Shams R. Subjective valuation of Iranian women for screening for gene-related diseases: a case of breast cancer. BMC Public Health 2023; 23:667. [PMID: 37041634 PMCID: PMC10088156 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-023-15568-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2022] [Accepted: 03/30/2023] [Indexed: 04/13/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND About 5-10% of breast cancer cases are attributed to a gene mutation. To perform preventive interventions for women with a gene mutation, genetic screening BRCA tests have recently been implemented in Iran. The present study aimed to determine Iranian women's subjective valuation for screening BRCA tests for early detection of breast cancer to help policymakers to make decisions about genetic screening tests for breast cancer and to know the applicants. METHODS An online survey was completed by women older than 30 years old in Tehran, the capital of Iran in 2021. A hypothetical scenario about genetic screening tests for breast cancer was defined. The subjective valuation for the tests was assessed by a willingness to pay (WTP) using the contingent valuation method (CVM) by payment card. Demographics, history of breast cancers, knowledge, and physiological variables were considered as independent variables, and a logistic regression model assessed the relationship between WTP and the variables. RESULTS 660 women were included. 88% of participants intended to participate in BRCA genetic screening for breast cancer if it were free. The mean WTP for the tests was about $ 20. Based on the logistic regression, income, family history of breast or ovarian cancer, and positive attitude were associated with WTP. CONCLUSIONS Iranian women were willing to intend for genetic screening BRCA tests and pay for them as well. The result of the present study is of great importance for policy makers when it comes to funding and determining co-payments for BRCA genetic screening tests. To achieve a high participation rate of women in breast cancer screening plans, a positive attitude should be promoted as a psychological factor. Educational and informative programs can help.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Meshkani
- Department of Health Economics, School of Health Management and Information Science, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Najmeh Moradi
- Population Health Sciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom.
| | - Ali Aboutorabi
- Department of Health Economics, School of Health Management and Information Science, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Abdosaleh Jafari
- Health Human Resources Research Center, School of health Management and Information Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Roshanak Shams
- Bone and Joint Reconstruction Research center, Department of Orthopedics, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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13
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Bullock G, Collins G, Adams R, Thigpen C, Shanley E. Personalized Injury Reduction Strategies in Sports Medicine: Lessons Learned from Advances in Breast Cancer Treatment: A Clinical Commentary. Int J Sports Phys Ther 2023; 18:253-261. [PMID: 36793581 PMCID: PMC9897041 DOI: 10.26603/001c.57680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Injury rates across sport have risen over the past twenty years, despite increased efforts in training and injury prevention. The rise in injury rates suggest that current approaches to estimating injury risk and risk management are not effective. One factor limiting progress is the inconsistency in screening, risk assessment, and risk management strategies to guide injury mitigation approaches. Clinical Question How can sports physical therapists identify and apply lessons learned from other healthcare fields to improve athlete injury risk and risk management strategies? Key Results Breast cancer mortality has consistently decreased over the last 30 years, largely attributed to advances in personalizing the prevention and treatment strategies which include modifiable and non-modifiable factors when assessing risk, the transition to personalized medicine, and the systematic approach used to investigate individual risk factors. Three critical phases have facilitated the identification and importance of individual risk factors and developing targeted, personalized strategies for breast cancer risk including: 1) Establishing the potential relationship between factors and outcomes; 2) Prospectively investigate the strength and direction of the relationship; 3) Investigating if intervening on identified factors alters prognosis. Clinical Application Applying lessons learned from other healthcare fields could improve shared decision making between the clinician and athlete concerning risk assessment and management. Examples include calculating only non-modifiable risk, creating individualized screening schedules based on risk assessment, or calculating the influence of each intervention on the athlete's injury risk. A systematic approach to identify and intervene on risk is needed to improve athlete outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Garrett Bullock
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Wake Forest School of Medicine
- Department of Biostatistics and Data Science Wake Forest School of Medicine
- Centre for Sport, Exercise and Osteoarthritis Research Versus Arthritis University of Oxford
| | - Gary Collins
- Centre for Statistics in Medicine, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology, and Musculoskeletal Sciences University of Oxford
- Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust
| | - Rober Adams
- Department of Radiation Oncology University of North Carolina School of Medicine
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14
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Sarvari P, Sarvari P, Ramírez-Díaz I, Mahjoubi F, Rubio K. Advances of Epigenetic Biomarkers and Epigenome Editing for Early Diagnosis in Breast Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23179521. [PMID: 36076918 PMCID: PMC9455804 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23179521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Revised: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 08/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Epigenetic modifications are known to regulate cell phenotype during cancer progression, including breast cancer. Unlike genetic alterations, changes in the epigenome are reversible, thus potentially reversed by epi-drugs. Breast cancer, the most common cause of cancer death worldwide in women, encompasses multiple histopathological and molecular subtypes. Several lines of evidence demonstrated distortion of the epigenetic landscape in breast cancer. Interestingly, mammary cells isolated from breast cancer patients and cultured ex vivo maintained the tumorigenic phenotype and exhibited aberrant epigenetic modifications. Recent studies indicated that the therapeutic efficiency for breast cancer regimens has increased over time, resulting in reduced mortality. Future medical treatment for breast cancer patients, however, will likely depend upon a better understanding of epigenetic modifications. The present review aims to outline different epigenetic mechanisms including DNA methylation, histone modifications, and ncRNAs with their impact on breast cancer, as well as to discuss studies highlighting the central role of epigenetic mechanisms in breast cancer pathogenesis. We propose new research areas that may facilitate locus-specific epigenome editing as breast cancer therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pourya Sarvari
- Department of Clinical Genetics, National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Tehran P.O. Box 14965/161, Iran
| | - Pouya Sarvari
- International Laboratory EPIGEN, Consejo de Ciencia y Tecnología del Estado de Puebla (CONCYTEP), Puebla 72160, Mexico
| | - Ivonne Ramírez-Díaz
- International Laboratory EPIGEN, Consejo de Ciencia y Tecnología del Estado de Puebla (CONCYTEP), Puebla 72160, Mexico
- Facultad de Biotecnología, Campus Puebla, Universidad Popular Autónoma del Estado de Puebla (UPAEP), Puebla 72410, Mexico
| | - Frouzandeh Mahjoubi
- Department of Clinical Genetics, National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Tehran P.O. Box 14965/161, Iran
| | - Karla Rubio
- International Laboratory EPIGEN, Consejo de Ciencia y Tecnología del Estado de Puebla (CONCYTEP), Puebla 72160, Mexico
- Licenciatura en Médico Cirujano, Universidad de la Salud del Estado de Puebla (USEP), Puebla 72000, Mexico
- Correspondence:
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15
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Tzeng YDT, Tsui KH, Tseng LM, Hou MF, Chu PY, Sheu JJC, Li CJ. Integrated analysis of pivotal biomarker of LSM1, immune cell infiltration and therapeutic drugs in breast cancer. J Cell Mol Med 2022; 26:4007-4020. [PMID: 35692083 PMCID: PMC9279588 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.17436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2021] [Revised: 04/13/2022] [Accepted: 05/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The discovery of early diagnosis and prognostic markers for breast cancer can significantly improve survival and reduce mortality. LSM1 is known to be involved in the general process of mRNA degradation in complexes containing LSm subunits, but the molecular and biological functions in breast cancer remain unclear. Here, the expression of LSM1 mRNA in breast cancer was estimated using The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), Oncomine, TIMER and bc‐GenExMiner databases. We found that functional LSM1 inactivation caused by mutations and profound deletions predicted poor prognosis in breast cancer (BRCA) patients. LSM1 was highly expressed in both BRCA tissues and cells compared to normal breast tissues/cells. High LSM1 expression is associated with poorer overall survival and disease‐free survival. The association between LSM1 and immune infiltration of breast cancer was assessed by TIMER and CIBERSORT algorithms. LSM1 showed a strong correlation with various immune marker sets. Most importantly, pharmacogenetic analysis of BRCA cell lines revealed that LSM1 inactivation was associated with increased sensitivity to refametinib and trametinib. However, both drugs could mimic the effects of LSM1 inhibition and their drug sensitivity was associated with MEK molecules. Therefore, we investigated the clinical application of LSM1 to provide a basis for sensitive diagnosis, prognosis and targeted treatment of breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yen-Dun Tony Tzeng
- Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Kuan-Hao Tsui
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Institute of BioPharmaceutical Sciences, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Ling-Ming Tseng
- School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Comprehensive Breast Health Center, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Feng Hou
- Division of Breast Surgery, Department of Surgery, Center for Cancer Research, Kaohsiung Medical University Chung-Ho Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Yi Chu
- Department of Pathology, Show Chwan Memorial Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan
| | - Jim Jinn-Chyuan Sheu
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Jung Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Institute of BioPharmaceutical Sciences, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
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16
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siRNA Targeting Mcl-1 Potentiates the Anticancer Activity of Andrographolide Nanosuspensions via Apoptosis in Breast Cancer Cells. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14061196. [PMID: 35745769 PMCID: PMC9230779 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14061196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2022] [Revised: 05/30/2022] [Accepted: 06/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is the second leading cause of cancer-related death in the US. However, recurrence is frequently found despite adjuvant therapy being available. Combination therapy with cytotoxic drugs and gene therapy is being developed to be a new promising cancer treatment strategy. Introducing substituted dithiocarbamate moieties at the C12 position of andrographolide (3nAG) could improve its anticancer selectivity in the MCF-7 breast cancer cell line. However, its hydrophobicity is one of its main drawbacks. This work successfully prepared 3nAG nanosuspension stabilized with the chitosan derivative NSC (3nAGN-NSC) to increase solubility and pharmacological effectiveness. siRNAs have emerged as a promising therapeutic alternative for interfering with particular mRNA. The 3nAGN-NSC had also induced Mcl-1 mRNA expression in MCF-7 human breast cancer cells at 8, 12, and 24 h. This indicates that, in addition to Mcl-1 silencing by siRNA (siMcl-1) in MCF-7 with substantial Mcl-1 reliance, rationally devised combination treatment may cause the death of cancer cells in breast cancer. The Fa-CI analysis showed that the combination of 3nAGN-NSC and siMcl-1 had a synergistic effect with a combination index (CI) value of 0.75 (CI < 1 indicating synergistic effects) at the fractional inhibition of Fa 0.7. The synergistic effect was validated by flow cytometry, with the induction of apoptosis as the mechanism of reduced cell viability. Our findings suggested the rational use of 3nAGN-NSC in combination with siMcl-1 to kill breast cancer cells.
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17
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Adejumo PO, Aniagwu TIG, Awolude OA, Oni AO, Ajayi OO, Fagbenle O, Ogungbade D, Kochheiser M, Ogundiran T, Olopade OI. Feasibility of genetic testing for cancer risk assessment programme in Nigeria. Ecancermedicalscience 2021; 15:1283. [PMID: 34824606 PMCID: PMC8580592 DOI: 10.3332/ecancer.2021.1283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background A high frequency of BRCA mutations has been established in Nigerian breast cancer (BC) patients. Recently, patients’ and first-degree relatives’ interest have been raised on cancer genetic risk assessment through our awareness activities in Nigeria. This led to the emergence of nurse-led cancer genetic counselling (CGC) and testing aimed at providing standard-of-care for individuals at increased risk of hereditary breast and ovarian cancers. Methods In June 2018, CGC and testing of patients with BC and ovarian cancer (OC) commenced in collaboration with Color Genomics Inc. for a 30-panel gene testing. Previously trained nurses in CGC at the University College Hospital, Ibadan offered genetic counselling (GC) to willing patients with BC and gynaecological cancer in four out-patient oncology clinics and departments for the pilot study. Consultation consisted of CGC, patient’s history, pedigree and sample collection for genetic testing (GT). Results Forty-seven patients – 40 with BC, five with OC and two with endometrial cancer received GC, and all chose to undergo GT. The average age at testing was 48.2 ± 12.1 years. Eight women reported a known family cancer history and there were more perceived benefits than barriers to GT with the patients experiencing the desire for none of their relative to have cancer. Results revealed no mutations in 27 (57.4%), 16 (4.0%) variants of unknown significance and 4 (8.5%) pathogenic mutations. Conclusion Personalised cancer care utilises GC and testing for cancer risk assessment towards prevention and early detection in high risk women. The study indicates the necessity of expanded cancer genetic services for integration into patient care and cancer prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prisca O Adejumo
- Department of Nursing, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, 200284, Nigeria
| | - Toyin I G Aniagwu
- School of Occupational Health Nursing, University College Hospital, Ibadan, 200212, Nigeria
| | - Olutosin A Awolude
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan/University College Hospital, Ibadan, 200284, Nigeria
| | - Abiodun O Oni
- Department of Surgery, University College Hospital, Ibadan, 200212, Nigeria
| | - Olubunmi O Ajayi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan/University College Hospital, Ibadan, 200284, Nigeria
| | - Omolara Fagbenle
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University College Hospital, Ibadan, 200212, Nigeria
| | - Dasola Ogungbade
- Department of Radiology, University College Hospital, Ibadan, 200212, Nigeria
| | - Makayla Kochheiser
- Center for Clinical Cancer Genetics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA.,Center for Global Health, University of Chicago, Chicago IL, 60637, USA
| | - Temidayo Ogundiran
- Department of Surgery, University College Hospital, Ibadan, 200212, Nigeria
| | - Olufunmilayo I Olopade
- Center for Clinical Cancer Genetics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA.,Center for Global Health, University of Chicago, Chicago IL, 60637, USA
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18
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Vegunta S, Bhatt AA, Choudhery SA, Pruthi S, Kaur AS. Identifying women with increased risk of breast cancer and implementing risk-reducing strategies and supplemental imaging. Breast Cancer 2021; 29:19-29. [PMID: 34665436 DOI: 10.1007/s12282-021-01298-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2020] [Accepted: 09/16/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) is the second most common cancer in women, affecting 1 in 8 women in the United States (12.5%) in their lifetime. However, some women have a higher lifetime risk of BC because of genetic and lifestyle factors, mammographic breast density, and reproductive and hormonal factors. Because BC risk is variable, screening and prevention strategies should be individualized after considering patient-specific risk factors. Thus, health care professionals need to be able to assess risk profiles, identify high-risk women, and individualize screening and prevention strategies through a shared decision-making process. In this article, we review the risk factors for BC, risk-assessment models that identify high-risk patients, and preventive medications and lifestyle modifications that may decrease risk. We also discuss the benefits and limitations of various supplemental screening methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suneela Vegunta
- Division of Women's Health Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, 13400 E Shea Blvd, Scottsdale, AZ, 85259, USA.
| | - Asha A Bhatt
- Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | | | - Sandhya Pruthi
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Breast Cancer Clinic, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Aparna S Kaur
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Breast Cancer Clinic, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
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Collin LJ, Yan M, Jiang R, Gogineni K, Subhedar P, Ward KC, Switchenko JM, Lipscomb J, Miller-Kleinhenz J, Torres M, Lin J, McCullough LE. Receipt of Guideline-Concordant Care Does Not Explain Breast Cancer Mortality Disparities by Race in Metropolitan Atlanta. J Natl Compr Canc Netw 2021; 19:1242-1251. [PMID: 34399407 PMCID: PMC8847540 DOI: 10.6004/jnccn.2020.7694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2020] [Accepted: 12/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Racial disparities in breast cancer mortality in the United States are well documented. Non-Hispanic Black (NHB) women are more likely to die of their disease than their non-Hispanic White (NHW) counterparts. The disparity is most pronounced among women diagnosed with prognostically favorable tumors, which may result in part from variations in their receipt of guideline care. In this study, we sought to estimate the effect of guideline-concordant care (GCC) on prognosis, and to evaluate whether receipt of GCC modified racial disparities in breast cancer mortality. PATIENTS AND METHODS Using the Georgia Cancer Registry, we identified 2,784 NHB and 4,262 NHW women diagnosed with a stage I-III first primary breast cancer in the metropolitan Atlanta area, Georgia, between 2010 and 2014. Women were included if they received surgery and information on their breast tumor characteristics was available; all others were excluded. Receipt of recommended therapies (chemotherapy, radiotherapy, endocrine therapy, and anti-HER2 therapy) as indicated was considered GCC. We used Cox proportional hazards models to estimate the impact of receiving GCC on breast cancer mortality overall and by race, with multivariable adjusted hazard ratios (HRs). RESULTS We found that NHB and NHW women were almost equally likely to receive GCC (65% vs 63%, respectively). Failure to receive GCC was associated with an increase in the hazard of breast cancer mortality (HR, 1.74; 95% CI, 1.37-2.20). However, racial disparities in breast cancer mortality persisted despite whether GCC was received (HRGCC: 2.17 [95% CI, 1.61-2.92]; HRnon-GCC: 1.81 [95% CI, 1.28-2.91] ). CONCLUSIONS Although receipt of GCC is important for breast cancer outcomes, racial disparities in breast cancer mortality did not diminish with receipt of GCC; differences in mortality between Black and White patients persisted across the strata of GCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lindsay J. Collin
- Department of Epidemiology; Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University; Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA,Department of Population Health Sciences, Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112
| | - Ming Yan
- Department of Epidemiology; Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University; Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
| | - Renjian Jiang
- Department of Epidemiology; Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University; Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA,Winship Cancer Institute of Emory University
| | - Keerthi Gogineni
- Winship Cancer Institute of Emory University,Emory University School of Medicine; Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
| | - Preeti Subhedar
- Winship Cancer Institute of Emory University,Emory University School of Medicine; Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
| | - Kevin C. Ward
- Department of Epidemiology; Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University; Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA,Winship Cancer Institute of Emory University
| | - Jeffrey M. Switchenko
- Winship Cancer Institute of Emory University,Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics; Rollins School of Public Health; Emory University; Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
| | - Joseph Lipscomb
- Winship Cancer Institute of Emory University,Department of Health Policy and Management; Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University; Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
| | - Jasmine Miller-Kleinhenz
- Department of Epidemiology; Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University; Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
| | - Mylin Torres
- Winship Cancer Institute of Emory University,Emory University School of Medicine; Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
| | - Jolinta Lin
- Winship Cancer Institute of Emory University,Emory University School of Medicine; Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
| | - Lauren E. McCullough
- Department of Epidemiology; Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University; Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA,Winship Cancer Institute of Emory University
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20
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Li M, Wang Q, Zheng Q, Wu L, Zhao B, Wu Y. Prognostic and diagnostic roles of prolyl 4-hydroxylase subunit α members in breast cancer. Biomark Med 2021; 15:1085-1095. [PMID: 34387118 DOI: 10.2217/bmm-2020-0323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: We aimed to evaluate the diagnostic and prognostic values of P4HAs in breast cancer (BC) patients. Materials & methods: Kaplan-Meier plotter was used to evaluate the prognostic values of P4HAs and correlations between their expression and clinical characteristics were assessed based on The Cancer Genome Atlas and the Human Protein Atlas. Results: The current study showed that P4HAs were highly expressed in BC patients with clinical stage I compared with nontumor control and elevated P4HAs were correlated with poor survival outcomes. Subtypes analysis revealed that P4HA1 and P4HA2 were most expressed in HER2+ subtypes patients. Univariate analysis displayed that elevated P4HA1 and P4HA3 correlated with unfavorable recurrence-free survival in mutated TP53 patients. Conclusion: This study indicated the diagnostic and prognostic roles of P4HAs members and broadened the biomarker fields of early diagnosis and prognostic monitoring of BC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingjie Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Xiang'an Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China
| | - Qianyun Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Xiang'an Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China
| | - Qinqin Zheng
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Fuzhou Second Hospital affiliated to Xiamen University, Fuzhou, 350007, China
| | - Lin Wu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Xiang'an Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China
| | - Bin Zhao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Xiang'an Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China
| | - Yan'an Wu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Xiang'an Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China
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21
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Sequencing for germline mutations in Swedish breast cancer families reveals novel breast cancer risk genes. Sci Rep 2021; 11:14737. [PMID: 34282249 PMCID: PMC8289997 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-94316-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2021] [Accepted: 06/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Identifying genetic cancer risk factors will lead to improved genetic counseling, cancer prevention and cancer care. Analyzing families with a strong history of breast cancer (BC) has been a successful method to identify genes that contribute to the disease. This has led to discoveries of high-risk genes like the BRCA-genes. Nevertheless, many BC incidences are of unknown causes. In this study, exome sequencing on 59 BC patients from 24 Swedish families with a strong history of BC was performed to identify variants in known and novel BC predisposing genes. First, we screened known BC genes and identified two pathogenic variants in the BRIP1 and PALB2 genes. Secondly, to identify novel BC genes, rare and high impact variants and segregating in families were analyzed to identify 544 variants in novel BC candidate genes. Of those, 22 variants were defined as high-risk variants. Several interesting genes, either previously linked with BC or in pathways that when flawed could contribute to BC, were among the detected genes. The strongest candidates identified are the FANCM gene, involved in DNA double-strand break repair, and the RAD54L gene, involved in DNA recombination. Our study shows identifying pathogenic variants is challenging despite a strong family history of BC. Several interesting candidates were observed here that need to be further studied.
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El-Shafie MK, Allah AMA, Alhanafy AM, Rizk SK, Habieb MSED. The association between tri-nucleotide-repeat containing 9 (TNRC9) /LOC643714 genetic variations and breast cancer in Egyptian females. GENE REPORTS 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.genrep.2021.101134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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23
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Cui L, Huang J, Zhan Y, Qiu N, Jin H, Li J, Huang H, Li H. Association between the genetic polymorphisms of the pharmacokinetics of anthracycline drug and myelosuppression in a patient with breast cancer with anthracycline-based chemotherapy. Life Sci 2021; 276:119392. [PMID: 33774021 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2021.119392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2020] [Revised: 02/28/2021] [Accepted: 03/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Exploring the genetic polymorphisms involved in the metabolism of anthracyclines can explain the causes of individual differences in myelosuppression during anthracycline-based chemotherapy. MAIN METHODS By PCR and Sanger sequencing, SNP of candidate genes participating into the pharmacokinetics of anthracycline, including chemotherapeutic drug intake (SLC22A16 rs6907567), metabolism (AKR1A1 rs2088102, CBR1 rs20572) and transfer (ABCG2 rs2231142) are detected in 194 breast cancer patients undergoing anthracycline-based postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy. KEY FINDINGS The CBR1 rs20572 (C>T) polymorphic allele, the ABCG2 rs2231142 (G>T) polymorphic allele, or the two polymorphic allele in combination significantly reduced the risk of leukopenia (OR 0.412, 95% CI 0.187-0.905, p = 0.025) and neutropenia (OR 0.354, 95% CI 0.148-0.846, p = 0.018). Either polymorphic allele T of CBR1 rs20572, or polymorphic allele C of AKR1A1 rs2088102 combined with the presence of both ABCG2 rs2231142(G>T) and SLC22A16 rs6907567(A>G) mutations were at extremely low risk of severe anemia of grades 3 and 4 (OR 0.058, 95% CI 0.006-0.554, p = 0.008, OR 0.065, 95% CI 0.006-0.689, p = 0.022, OR 0.037, 95% CI 0.004-0.36, p = 0.015, respectively). SIGNIFICANCE These results suggested CBR1 rs20572, ABCG2 rs2231142, SLC22A16 rs6907567 and AKR1A1 rs2088102 might be potential protective factors for the reduction of hematologic toxicity incidence during anthracycline-based chemotherapy in breast cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lulu Cui
- Department of Breast Surgery, Affiliated Cancer Hospital and Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510095, PR China
| | - Jia Huang
- School of Public Health, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Yongtao Zhan
- Department of Breast Surgery, Affiliated Cancer Hospital and Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510095, PR China
| | - Ni Qiu
- Department of Breast Surgery, Affiliated Cancer Hospital and Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510095, PR China
| | - Huan Jin
- Department of Breast Surgery, Affiliated Cancer Hospital and Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510095, PR China
| | - Jia Li
- Graduate School of Arts and Science, Columbia University in the City of New York, New York, NY, USA
| | - Huiqi Huang
- Department of Breast Surgery, Affiliated Foshan Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 528000, PR China.
| | - Hongsheng Li
- Department of Breast Surgery, Affiliated Cancer Hospital and Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510095, PR China.
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Holzer I, Farr A, Tan Y, Deutschmann C, Leser C, Singer CF. Receptor Discordance of Metastatic Breast Cancer Depending on the Molecular Subtype. Breast Care (Basel) 2021; 15:648-654. [PMID: 33447240 DOI: 10.1159/000506464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2019] [Accepted: 02/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Almost 30% of all women with early-stage breast cancer develop metastases. Treatment of metastatic disease is often based on the immunohistochemical information of the primary tumor, despite possible discordance of the hormone and Her2 receptor status. Objectives The aim of this study was to compare the receptor status of the primary tumor with the metastasis, and to evaluate for receptor discordance with regard to the molecular subtype, receptor status, and the localization of the metastases. Methods We retrospectively analyzed the data of all consecutive women with metastatic breast cancer, who underwent treatment at the Medical University Vienna between 2009 and 2016. Associations were calculated using the χ2or Fisher's exact test; years from primary diagnosis to metastatic disease were calculated using the Kaplan-Meier method. Results We identified 213 metastatic breast cancer patients, of whom 67 (31.5%) showed a discordant receptor status. Out of 32 patients with luminal A subtype, 14 (43.8%) had a switch of at least one receptor; 27 of 53 patients (50.9%) with luminal B subtype and 21 of 32 patients (65.6%) with Her2+ subtype showed receptor discordance; for triple-negative disease, 5 of 19 patients (36.3%) had a switch of at least one receptor. In 63 samples of bone metastases, 13 (20.6%) had discordant estrogen receptor status (p = 0.04). In 55 samples of bone metastases, 35 (63.3%) had discordant Her2 status (p = 0.002). Conclusions Our data show high rates of receptor discordance in metastatic breast cancer. Apart from the primary tumor, the immunohistochemical receptor status of the metastasis needs to be verified. This can lead to a change in treatment and prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iris Holzer
- Breast Health Center, Division of Gynecology and Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Alex Farr
- Breast Health Center, Division of Gynecology and Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Yen Tan
- Breast Health Center, Division of Gynecology and Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Christine Deutschmann
- Breast Health Center, Division of Gynecology and Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Carmen Leser
- Breast Health Center, Division of Gynecology and Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Christian F Singer
- Breast Health Center, Division of Gynecology and Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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Jarrett AM, Hormuth DA, Wu C, Kazerouni AS, Ekrut DA, Virostko J, Sorace AG, DiCarlo JC, Kowalski J, Patt D, Goodgame B, Avery S, Yankeelov TE. Evaluating patient-specific neoadjuvant regimens for breast cancer via a mathematical model constrained by quantitative magnetic resonance imaging data. Neoplasia 2020; 22:820-830. [PMID: 33197744 PMCID: PMC7677708 DOI: 10.1016/j.neo.2020.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2020] [Revised: 10/19/2020] [Accepted: 10/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The ability to accurately predict response and then rigorously optimize a therapeutic regimen on a patient-specific basis, would transform oncology. Toward this end, we have developed an experimental-mathematical framework that integrates quantitative magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) data into a biophysical model to predict patient-specific treatment response of locally advanced breast cancer to neoadjuvant therapy. Diffusion-weighted and dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI data is collected prior to therapy, after 1 cycle of therapy, and at the completion of the first therapeutic regimen. The model is initialized and calibrated with the first 2 patient-specific MRI data sets to predict response at the third, which is then compared to patient outcomes (N = 18). The model's predictions for total cellularity, total volume, and the longest axis at the completion of the regimen are significant within expected measurement precision (P< 0.05) and strongly correlated with measured response (P < 0.01). Further, we use the model to investigate, in silico, a range of (practical) alternative treatment plans to achieve the greatest possible tumor control for each individual in a subgroup of patients (N = 13). The model identifies alternative dosing strategies predicted to achieve greater tumor control compared to the standard of care for 12 of 13 patients (P < 0.01). In summary, a predictive, mechanism-based mathematical model has demonstrated the ability to identify alternative treatment regimens that are forecasted to outperform the therapeutic regimens the patients clinically. This has important implications for clinical trial design with the opportunity to alter oncology care in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela M Jarrett
- Oden Institute for Computational Engineering and Sciences, Austin, TX, USA; Livestrong Cancer Institutes, Austin, TX, USA
| | - David A Hormuth
- Oden Institute for Computational Engineering and Sciences, Austin, TX, USA; Livestrong Cancer Institutes, Austin, TX, USA
| | - Chengyue Wu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
| | - Anum S Kazerouni
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
| | - David A Ekrut
- Oden Institute for Computational Engineering and Sciences, Austin, TX, USA
| | - John Virostko
- Livestrong Cancer Institutes, Austin, TX, USA; Department of Diagnostic Medicine, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA; Department of Oncology, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
| | - Anna G Sorace
- Department of Radiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA; O'Neal Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Julie C DiCarlo
- Oden Institute for Computational Engineering and Sciences, Austin, TX, USA
| | - Jeanne Kowalski
- Livestrong Cancer Institutes, Austin, TX, USA; Department of Oncology, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
| | | | - Boone Goodgame
- Department of Oncology, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA; Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA; Seton Hospital, Austin, TX, USA
| | - Sarah Avery
- Austin Radiological Association, Austin, TX, USA
| | - Thomas E Yankeelov
- Oden Institute for Computational Engineering and Sciences, Austin, TX, USA; Livestrong Cancer Institutes, Austin, TX, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA; Department of Diagnostic Medicine, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA; Department of Oncology, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA; Department of Imaging Physics, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.
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Wei W, Cao S, Liu J, Wang Y, Song Q, A L, Sun S, Zhang X, Liang X, Jiang Y. Fibroblast growth factor receptor 4 as a prognostic indicator in triple-negative breast cancer. Transl Cancer Res 2020; 9:6881-6888. [PMID: 35117296 PMCID: PMC8797274 DOI: 10.21037/tcr-20-1756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2020] [Accepted: 09/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Background Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) constitutes up to 15% of all breast cancers. It is one of the most aggressive breast cancers and is more prone to metastasize compared with other subtypes. Breast cancer patients with this subtype usually have a poor prognosis. Fibroblast growth factor receptor 4 (FGFR4) belongs to the receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) family, and early analyses identified that FGFR4 was involved in breast cancer. However, the prognostic effect of FGFR4 on TNBC is unknown. In the present study, we investigated the association between FGFR4 and TNBC prognosis. Methods A total of 282 TNBC patients were enrolled. FGFR4 protein expression was detected in these 282 TNBC patients using immunohistochemistry (IHC). Results In the present study, FGFR4 was highly expressed in TNBC patients. Lymph node metastasis (LNM) (P=0.033) and p53 status (P=0.019) were associated with high FGFR4 expression. Univariate analysis identified high FGFR4 expression (P=0.016) as a prognostic predictor, and multivariate analysis found that high FGFR4 expression (P=0.016) was an independent prognostic factor. The Kaplan-Meier survival curve showed that high FGFR4 protein expression was correlated with poorer overall survival (OS). Conclusions The results of our present study show that FGFR4 protein expression is correlated with a worse prognosis in TNBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Wei
- Department of Breast Surgery, Zhujiang Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shiyu Cao
- Department of Breast Surgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, China
| | - Jing Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Yuhang Wang
- Department of Breast Surgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, China
| | - Quanfu Song
- Department of Oncology, Altay District People's Hospital, Altay, China
| | - Leha A
- Department of Oncology, Altay District People's Hospital, Altay, China
| | - Shanshan Sun
- Department of Breast Surgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, China
| | - Xianyu Zhang
- Department of Breast Surgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, China
| | - Xiaoshuan Liang
- Department of Breast Surgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, China
| | - Yongdong Jiang
- Department of Breast Surgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, China
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27
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Bayraktar S, Zhou JZ, Bassett R, Gutierrez Barrera AM, Layman RM, Valero V, Arun B. Clinical outcome and toxicity from taxanes in breast cancer patients with BRCA1 and BRCA2 pathogenic germline mutations. Breast J 2020; 26:1572-1582. [PMID: 32497289 DOI: 10.1111/tbj.13922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2020] [Revised: 05/15/2020] [Accepted: 05/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Germline variations in genes coding for proteins involved in the oxidative stress and DNA repair greatly influence drug response and toxicity. Because BRCA1 and BRCA2 proteins play a role in DNA damage repair, we postulated that taxane-related toxicity is potentially higher and clinical outcome in different in patients with BRCA pathogenic variants (PV). Seven hundred nineteen women who underwent BRCA genetic testing and were treated with taxane-containing chemotherapy for early-stage breast cancer between 1997 and 2018 were included in the study. Patients with BRCA variants of uncertain significance were excluded. The Kaplan-Meier product-limit method was used to estimate recurrence-free survival (RFS) and overall survival (OS) rates. Logistic regression models were used to assess the association between chemotherapy toxicity and factors of interest. Cox regression models were used to assess the association between RFS and OS and factors of interest. Ninety-four (13%) and 54 (7%) patients had BRCA1 and BRCA2-PVs, respectively. While anemia (P = .0025) and leukopenia (P = .001) were more frequently seen in BRCA noncarriers, there was no difference in regards to peripheral neuropathy or other toxicities between the groups. Increasing doses of taxane were associated with increased risk of neutropenia, stomatitis, nausea, vomiting, acne/rash, and peripheral neuropathy across all groups. In a multivariate logistic regression model, BRCA2 status remained as an independent significant predictor for decreased hematologic toxicity (HR: 0.36; 95% CI: 0.20-0.67; P = .001) and increased gastrointestinal toxicity (HR: 1.93; 95% CI: 1.02-3.67; P = .04). Being overweight, obese and African-American race were significant predictors for peripheral neuropathy (P = .04; P = .03; P = .06, respectively). Total taxane dose received did not have any impact on survival outcomes. Our study demonstrates that taxane-containing chemotherapy regimens do not increase risk of peripheral neuropathy or hematologic toxicity in patients with BRCA PVs. The mechanisms for this finding need to be further investigated as it may provide an opportunity to combine taxanes with other agents, such as platinum salts or PARP inhibitors, with less anticipated toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soley Bayraktar
- Division of Medical Oncology and Hematology, Department of Medicine, Biruni University School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
- Departments of Cancer Medicine, The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Jade Z Zhou
- Departments of Cancer Medicine, The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Roland Bassett
- Biostatistics, The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | | | - Rachel M Layman
- Breast Medical Oncology, The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Vicente Valero
- Breast Medical Oncology, The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Banu Arun
- Breast Medical Oncology, The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
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Liu X, Song J, Kang Y, Wang Y, Chen A. Long noncoding RNA SOX21-AS1 regulates the progression of triple-negative breast cancer through regulation of miR-520a-5p/ORMDL3 axis. J Cell Biochem 2020; 121:4601-4611. [PMID: 32277517 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.29674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2019] [Accepted: 01/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Recently, long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been reported as a new kind of controllers about cancer processes in biology. In spite of the dysregulation of lncRNAs in various kinds of cancers, only a little of the information was effective on the expression configuration and inner effects of lncRNAs in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). This study valued the expression of lncRNA SOX21-AS1 and the biological role it played in TNBC. In our research, SOX21-AS1 had a high expression in TNBC cell lines. The functional experiments showed that knockdown of SOX21-AS1 obviously restrained cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition process and promoted cell apoptosis. Mechanistically, SOX21-AS1 was found to bind with miR-520a-5p. Besides, ORMDL3 was identified as a downstream target of miR-520a-5p, and the suppressed ORMDL3 expression induced by silenced SOX21-AS1 could be restored by miR-520a-5p inhibition. Further, data from rescue assays revealed that SOX21-AS1 could regulate the malignancy of TNBC via miR-520a-5p/ORMDL3 axis. All in all, we identified that SOX21-AS1 regulated the cellular process of TNBC cells via antagonizing miR-520a-5p availability to upregulate ORMDL3 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xia Liu
- Department of Breast Oncology, Hainan Cancer Hospital, Hainan, China
| | - Jingyong Song
- Department of Breast Oncology, Hainan Cancer Hospital, Hainan, China
| | - Yu Kang
- Department of Breast Oncology, Hainan Cancer Hospital, Hainan, China
| | - Yaojia Wang
- Department of Breast Oncology, Hainan Cancer Hospital, Hainan, China
| | - Anyue Chen
- Department of Breast Oncology, Hainan Cancer Hospital, Hainan, China
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Banwarth-Kuhn M, Sindi S. How and why to build a mathematical model: A case study using prion aggregation. J Biol Chem 2020; 295:5022-5035. [PMID: 32005659 PMCID: PMC7152750 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.rev119.009851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Biological systems are inherently complex, and the increasing level of detail with which we are able to experimentally probe such systems continually reveals new complexity. Fortunately, mathematical models are uniquely positioned to provide a tool suitable for rigorous analysis, hypothesis generation, and connecting results from isolated in vitro experiments with results from in vivo and whole-organism studies. However, developing useful mathematical models is challenging because of the often different domains of knowledge required in both math and biology. In this work, we endeavor to provide a useful guide for researchers interested in incorporating mathematical modeling into their scientific process. We advocate for the use of conceptual diagrams as a starting place to anchor researchers from both domains. These diagrams are useful for simplifying the biological process in question and distinguishing the essential components. Not only do they serve as the basis for developing a variety of mathematical models, but they ensure that any mathematical formulation of the biological system is led primarily by scientific questions. We provide a specific example of this process from our own work in studying prion aggregation to show the power of mathematical models to synergistically interact with experiments and push forward biological understanding. Choosing the most suitable model also depends on many different factors, and we consider how to make these choices based on different scales of biological organization and available data. We close by discussing the many opportunities that abound for both experimentalists and modelers to take advantage of collaborative work in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mikahl Banwarth-Kuhn
- Department of Applied Mathematics, School of Natural Sciences, University of California, Merced, California 95343
| | - Suzanne Sindi
- Department of Applied Mathematics, School of Natural Sciences, University of California, Merced, California 95343
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30
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Gaieski JB, Patrick‐Miller L, Egleston BL, Maxwell KN, Walser S, DiGiovanni L, Brower J, Fetzer D, Ganzak A, McKenna D, Long JM, Powers J, Stopfer JE, Nathanson KL, Domchek SM, Bradbury AR. Research participants' experiences with return of genetic research results and preferences for web-based alternatives. Mol Genet Genomic Med 2019; 7:e898. [PMID: 31376244 PMCID: PMC6732272 DOI: 10.1002/mgg3.898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2019] [Revised: 07/12/2019] [Accepted: 07/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND While there is increasing interest in sharing genetic research results with participants, how best to communicate the risks, benefits and limitations of research results remains unclear. METHODS Participants who received genetic research results answered open and closed-ended questions about their experiences receiving results and interest in and advantages and disadvantages of a web-based alternative to genetic counseling. RESULTS 107 BRCA1/2 negative women with a personal or family history of breast cancer consented to receive genetic research results and 82% completed survey items about their experience. Most participants reported there was nothing they disliked (74%) or would change (85%) about their predisclosure or disclosure session (78% and 89%). They most frequently reported liking the genetic counselor and learning new information. Only 24% and 26% would not be willing to complete predisclosure counseling or disclosure of results by a web-based alternative, respectively. The most frequently reported advantages included convenience and reduced time. Disadvantages included not being able to ask questions, the risk of misunderstanding and the impersonal nature of the encounter. CONCLUSION Most participants receiving genetic research results report high satisfaction with telephone genetic counseling, but some may be willing to consider self-directed web alternatives for both predisclosure genetic education and return of results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jill B. Gaieski
- Perelman School of Medicine at the University of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaUSA
| | - Linda Patrick‐Miller
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology‐OncologyThe University of ChicagoChicagoUSA
- Center for Clinical Cancer Genetics and Global HealthThe University of ChicagoChicagoUSA
| | - Brian L. Egleston
- Fox Chase Cancer CenterTemple University Health SystemPhiladelphiaUSA
| | - Kara N. Maxwell
- Perelman School of Medicine at the University of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaUSA
| | - Sarah Walser
- Perelman School of Medicine at the University of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaUSA
| | - Laura DiGiovanni
- Abramson Cancer CenterPerelman School of Medicine at the University of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaUSA
| | - Jamie Brower
- Abramson Cancer CenterPerelman School of Medicine at the University of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaUSA
| | - Dominique Fetzer
- Perelman School of Medicine at the University of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaUSA
| | - Amanda Ganzak
- Perelman School of Medicine at the University of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaUSA
| | - Danielle McKenna
- Perelman School of Medicine at the University of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaUSA
| | - Jessica M. Long
- Perelman School of Medicine at the University of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaUSA
| | - Jacquelyn Powers
- Perelman School of Medicine at the University of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaUSA
| | - Jill E. Stopfer
- Abramson Cancer CenterPerelman School of Medicine at the University of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaUSA
| | - Katherine L. Nathanson
- Abramson Cancer CenterPerelman School of Medicine at the University of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaUSA
- Department of Medicine, Division of Translational Medicine and Human GeneticsPerelman School of Medicine at the University of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaUSA
- Basser Center for BRCA, Abramson Cancer CenterPerelman School of Medicine at the University of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPennsylvania
| | - Susan M. Domchek
- Perelman School of Medicine at the University of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaUSA
- Abramson Cancer CenterPerelman School of Medicine at the University of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaUSA
- Basser Center for BRCA, Abramson Cancer CenterPerelman School of Medicine at the University of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPennsylvania
| | - Angela R. Bradbury
- Perelman School of Medicine at the University of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaUSA
- Abramson Cancer CenterPerelman School of Medicine at the University of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaUSA
- Department of Medical Ethics and Health PolicyPerelman School of Medicine at the University of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaUSA
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Zayas-Villanueva OA, Campos-Acevedo LD, Lugo-Trampe JDJ, Hernández-Barajas D, González-Guerrero JF, Noriega-Iriondo MF, Ramírez-Sánchez IA, Martínez-de-Villarreal LE. Analysis of the pathogenic variants of BRCA1 and BRCA2 using next-generation sequencing in women with familial breast cancer: a case-control study. BMC Cancer 2019; 19:722. [PMID: 31331294 PMCID: PMC6647062 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-019-5950-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2018] [Accepted: 07/17/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Pathogenic variants (PVs) of BRCA genes entail a lifetime risk of developing breast cancer in 50–85% of carriers. Their prevalence in different populations has been previously reported. However, there is scarce information regarding the most common PVs of these genes in Latin-Americans. This study identified BRCA1 and BRCA2 PV frequency in a high-risk female population from Northeastern Mexico and determined the association of these mutations with the patients’ clinical and pathological characteristics. Methods Women were divided into three groups: aged ≤ 40 years at diagnosis and/or risk factors for hereditary breast cancer (n = 101), aged > 50 years with sporadic breast cancer (n = 22), and healthy women (n = 72). Their DNA was obtained from peripheral blood samples and the variants were examined by next-generation sequencing with Ion AmpliSeq BRCA1 and BRCA2 Panel using next-generation sequencing. Results PVs were detected in 13.8% group 1 patients (BRCA1, 12 patients; BRCA2, 2 patients). Only two patients in group 2 and none in group 3 exhibited BRCA1 PVs. Variants of uncertain significance were reported in 15.8% patients (n = 16). In group 1, patients with the triple-negative subtype, PV frequency was 40% (12/30). Breast cancer prevalence in young women examined in this study was higher than that reported by the National Cancer Institute Surveillance, Epidemiology (15.5% vs. 5.5%, respectively). Conclusions The detected BRCA1 and BRCA2 PV frequency was similar to that reported in other populations. Our results indicate that clinical data should be evaluated before genetic testing and highly recommend genetic testing in patients with the triple-negative subtype and other clinical aspects. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12885-019-5950-4) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - David Hernández-Barajas
- Department of Medical Oncology, Hospital Universitario "José E. González", Monterrey, Mexico
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Xia Y, Cai TT, Sun W. GAP: A General Framework for Information Pooling in Two-Sample Sparse Inference. J Am Stat Assoc 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/01621459.2019.1611585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yin Xia
- Department of Statistics, School of Management, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - T. Tony Cai
- Department of Statistics, The Wharton School, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Wenguang Sun
- Department of Data Sciences and Operations, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA
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Nguyen HM, Dao MQ, La HT. Performance of survivin mRNA as a biomarker for breast cancer among Vietnamese women. Heliyon 2019; 5:e01371. [PMID: 30957048 PMCID: PMC6431741 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2019.e01371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2018] [Revised: 02/14/2019] [Accepted: 03/14/2019] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective This study aimed to perform the reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) to express the survivin mRNA among patients with breast cancer in Vietnam and identify some potential associated clinical and pathological factors. Methods Peripheral blood (PB) samples and tissues on 43 patients with breast cancer and 21 patients with fibroids were obtained. The Real-time RT-PCR and gene sequencing techniques were employed to detect survivin gene in breast cancer cell lines and cancer tissues. Results Survivin mRNA transcription was detected in 32/43 (74,4%) of breast cancer tissues and 19/43 (44,2%) of PB samples of breast cancer patients, while it was detected in only 14,3 % fibrosis tissues and 0% in the blood of fibrosis patients. Survivin mRNA on the peripheral blood of breast cancer patients increased with tumor size, and stage of cancer (p < 0.05). In terms of breast cancer tissue, no difference was found in the rate of survivin mRNA expression in according to age, distant metastasis, lymph node, stages of cancer, and histopathology (p > 0.05). Conclusions Results provide the initial evidence of the expression of survivin mRNA in breast cancer patients in Vietnam, suggesting the role of survivin mRNA in breast cancer molecular pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Huyen Thi La
- Institute of Biotechnology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Hanoi, Viet Nam
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Nguyen HM, Dao MQ, La HT. WITHDRAWN: Performance of survivin mRNA as a biomarker for breast cancer among Vietnamese women. Breast Dis 2019:BD180374. [PMID: 30958326 DOI: 10.3233/bd-180374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Ahead of Print article withdrawn by publisher.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Huyen Thi La
- Institute of Biotechnology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Hanoi, Vietnam
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Herranz-López M, Losada-Echeberría M, Barrajón-Catalán E. The Multitarget Activity of Natural Extracts on Cancer: Synergy and Xenohormesis. MEDICINES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2018; 6:E6. [PMID: 30597909 PMCID: PMC6473537 DOI: 10.3390/medicines6010006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2018] [Revised: 12/18/2018] [Accepted: 12/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
It is estimated that over 60% of the approved drugs and new drug developments for cancer and infectious diseases are from natural origin. The use of natural compounds as a potential source of antitumor agents has been deeply studied in many cancer models, both in vitro and in vivo. Most of the Western medicine studies are based on the use of highly selective pure compounds with strong specificity for their targets such as colchicine or taxol. Nevertheless, approximately 60% of fairly specific drugs in their initial research fail because of toxicity or ineffectiveness in late-stage preclinical studies. Moreover, cancer is a multifaceted disease that in most cases deserves a polypharmacological therapeutic approach. Complex plant-derived mixtures such as natural extracts are difficult to characterize and hardly exhibit high pharmacological potency. However, in some cases, these may provide an advantage due to their multitargeted mode of action and potential synergistic behavior. The polypharmacology approach appears to be a plausible explanation for the multigargeted mechanism of complex natural extracts on different proteins within the same signalling pathway and in several biochemical pathways at once. This review focuses on the different aspects of natural extracts in the context of anticancer activity drug development, with special attention to synergy studies and xenohormesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Herranz-López
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular (IBMC) and Instituto de Investigación, Desarrollo e Innovación en Biotecnología Sanitaria de Elche (IDiBE), Universitas Miguel Hernández 03202 Elche, Spain.
| | - María Losada-Echeberría
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular (IBMC) and Instituto de Investigación, Desarrollo e Innovación en Biotecnología Sanitaria de Elche (IDiBE), Universitas Miguel Hernández 03202 Elche, Spain.
| | - Enrique Barrajón-Catalán
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular (IBMC) and Instituto de Investigación, Desarrollo e Innovación en Biotecnología Sanitaria de Elche (IDiBE), Universitas Miguel Hernández 03202 Elche, Spain.
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Oestrogen receptor-regulated glutathione S-transferase mu 3 expression attenuates hydrogen peroxide-induced cytotoxicity, which confers tamoxifen resistance on breast cancer cells. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2018; 172:45-59. [PMID: 30054830 DOI: 10.1007/s10549-018-4897-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2017] [Accepted: 07/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Glutathione S-transferase mu 3 (GSTM3) is an enzyme involving in the detoxification of electrophilic compounds by conjugation with glutathione. Higher GSTM3 mRNA levels were reported in patients with ERα-positive breast cancer who received only tamoxifen therapy after surgery. Thus, this study aimed to clarify the oncogenic characteristics of GSTM3 in breast cancer and the mechanism of tamoxifen resistance. METHODS GSTM3 expression in human breast tumour tissues (n = 227) was analysed by RT-PCR and quantitative PCR. Western blot, promoter activity assays, and chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) assays were used to investigate the mechanism of GSTM3 gene regulation. Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)-induced cytotoxicity in breast cancer cells was detected by MTT assays and flow cytometry. The oncogenic characteristics of GSTM3 in MCF-7 cells were examined by siRNA knockdown in soft agar assays and a xenograft animal model. RESULTS GSTM3 mRNA was highly expressed in ER- and HER2-positive breast cancers. Moreover, patients who received adjuvant Herceptin had increased GSTM3 mRNA levels in tumour tissue. Oestrogen-activated GSTM3 gene expression through ERα-mediated recruitment of SP1, EP300, and AP-1 complexes. GSTM3-silenced MCF-7 cells were more sensitive to H2O2, with significantly inhibited proliferation and colony formation abilities. Tamoxifen-resistant (Tam-R) cells lacking GSTM3 showed enhanced sensitivity to H2O2, but this result was contrary to that obtained after short-term tamoxifen exposure. The animal model suggested that GSTM3 silencing might suppress the tumourigenic ability of MCF-7 cells and increase tumour cell apoptosis. CONCLUSIONS ROS production is one mechanism by which cancer drugs kill tumour cells, and according to our evidence, GSTM3 may play an important role in preventing breast cancer treatment-induced cellular cytotoxicity.
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Hasan M, Leak RK, Stratford RE, Zlotos DP, Witt‐Enderby PA. Drug conjugates-an emerging approach to treat breast cancer. Pharmacol Res Perspect 2018; 6:e00417. [PMID: 29983986 PMCID: PMC6032357 DOI: 10.1002/prp2.417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2018] [Revised: 05/25/2018] [Accepted: 06/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer treatment using a single drug is associated with a high failure rate due, in part, to the heterogeneity of drug response within individuals, nonspecific target action, drug toxicity, and/or development of resistance. Use of dual-drug therapies, including drug conjugates, may help overcome some of these roadblocks by more selective targeting of the cancer cell and by acting at multiple drug targets rather than one. Drug-conjugate approaches include linking drugs to antibodies (antibody-drug conjugates), radionuclides (radioimmunoconjugates), nanoparticles (nanoparticle-drug conjugates), or to other drugs (drug-drug conjugates). Although all of these conjugates might be designed as effective treatments against breast cancer, the focus of this review will be on drug-drug conjugates because of the increase in versatility of these types of drugs with respect to mode of action at the level of the cancer cell either by creating a novel pharmacophore or by increasing the potency and/or efficacy of the drugs' effects at their respective molecular targets. The development, synthesis, and pharmacological characteristics of drug-drug conjugates will be discussed in the context of breast cancer with the hope of enhancing drug efficacy and reducing toxicities to improve patient quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahmud Hasan
- Division of Pharmaceutical, Administrative, and Social SciencesDuquesne UniversityPittsburghPAUSA
| | - Rehana K. Leak
- Division of Pharmaceutical, Administrative, and Social SciencesDuquesne UniversityPittsburghPAUSA
| | | | - Darius P. Zlotos
- Department of Pharmaceutical ChemistryThe German University in CairoNew Cairo CityCairoEgypt
| | - Paula A. Witt‐Enderby
- Division of Pharmaceutical, Administrative, and Social SciencesDuquesne UniversityPittsburghPAUSA
- University of Pittsburgh Cancer InstituteUniversity of PittsburghPittsburghPAUSA
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McKenna MT, Weis JA, Brock A, Quaranta V, Yankeelov TE. Precision Medicine with Imprecise Therapy: Computational Modeling for Chemotherapy in Breast Cancer. Transl Oncol 2018; 11:732-742. [PMID: 29674173 PMCID: PMC6056758 DOI: 10.1016/j.tranon.2018.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2018] [Revised: 03/22/2018] [Accepted: 03/22/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Medical oncology is in need of a mathematical modeling toolkit that can leverage clinically-available measurements to optimize treatment selection and schedules for patients. Just as the therapeutic choice has been optimized to match tumor genetics, the delivery of those therapeutics should be optimized based on patient-specific pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic properties. Under the current approach to treatment response planning and assessment, there does not exist an efficient method to consolidate biomarker changes into a holistic understanding of treatment response. While the majority of research on chemotherapies focus on cellular and genetic mechanisms of resistance, there are numerous patient-specific and tumor-specific measures that contribute to treatment response. New approaches that consolidate multimodal information into actionable data are needed. Mathematical modeling offers a solution to this problem. In this perspective, we first focus on the particular case of breast cancer to highlight how mathematical models have shaped the current approaches to treatment. Then we compare chemotherapy to radiation therapy. Finally, we identify opportunities to improve chemotherapy treatments using the model of radiation therapy. We posit that mathematical models can improve the application of anticancer therapeutics in the era of precision medicine. By highlighting a number of historical examples of the contributions of mathematical models to cancer therapy, we hope that this contribution serves to engage investigators who may not have previously considered how mathematical modeling can provide real insights into breast cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew T McKenna
- Vanderbilt University Institute of Imaging Science, Nashville, TN; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN
| | - Jared A Weis
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN
| | - Amy Brock
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX
| | - Vito Quaranta
- Department of Cancer Biology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN
| | - Thomas E Yankeelov
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX; Department of Diagnostic Medicine, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX; Department of Oncology, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX; Institute for Computational and Engineering Sciences, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX; Livestrong Cancer Institutes, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX.
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Wang L, Liu D, Wu X, Zeng Y, Li L, Hou Y, Li W, Liu Z. Long non‐coding RNA (LncRNA) RMST in triple‐negative breast cancer (TNBC): Expression analysis and biological roles research. J Cell Physiol 2018; 233:6603-6612. [PMID: 29215701 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.26311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2017] [Accepted: 11/30/2017] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Li Wang
- Department of Radiation Oncology Yunnan Cancer Hospital and The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University Kunming Yunnan China
| | - Dequan Liu
- Department of Breast Surgery Yunnan Cancer Hospital and The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University Kunming Yunnan China
| | - Xingrao Wu
- Department of Radiation Oncology Yunnan Cancer Hospital and The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University Kunming Yunnan China
| | - Yueqin Zeng
- Institute of Molecular and Clinical Medicine Kunming Medical University Kunming Yunnan China
| | - Lan Li
- Department of Radiation Oncology Yunnan Cancer Hospital and The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University Kunming Yunnan China
| | - Yu Hou
- Department of Radiation Oncology Yunnan Cancer Hospital and The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University Kunming Yunnan China
| | - Wenhui Li
- Department of Radiation Oncology Yunnan Cancer Hospital and The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University Kunming Yunnan China
| | - Zhijie Liu
- Institute of Molecular and Clinical Medicine Kunming Medical University Kunming Yunnan China
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Daraei A, Izadi P, Khorasani G, Nafissi N, Naghizadeh MM, Younosi N, Meysamie A, Mansoori Y, Bastami M, Tavakkoly-Bazzaz J. Epigenetic Changes of the ESR1 Gene in Breast Tissue of Healthy Women: A Missing Link with Breast Cancer Risk Factors? Genet Test Mol Biomarkers 2017; 21:464-470. [DOI: 10.1089/gtmb.2017.0028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Abdolreza Daraei
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Pantea Izadi
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ghasemali Khorasani
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Imam Khomeini Hospital Complex, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nahid Nafissi
- Surgical Department, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Nasim Younosi
- Surgical Department, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Alipasha Meysamie
- Community and Preventive Medicine Department, Medical Faculty, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Yaser Mansoori
- Noncommunicable Diseases Research Center, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa, Iran
| | - Milad Bastami
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Javad Tavakkoly-Bazzaz
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Cubasch H, Ruff P, Joffe M, Norris S, Chirwa T, Nietz S, Sharma V, Duarte R, Buccimazza I, Čačala S, Stopforth LW, Tsai WY, Stavsky E, Crew KD, Jacobson JS, Neugut AI. South African Breast Cancer and HIV Outcomes Study: Methods and Baseline Assessment. J Glob Oncol 2017; 3:114-124. [PMID: 28706996 PMCID: PMC5493271 DOI: 10.1200/jgo.2015.002675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose In low- and middle-income, HIV-endemic regions of sub-Saharan Africa, morbidity and mortality from the common epithelial cancers of the developed world are rising. Even among HIV-infected individuals, access to antiretroviral therapy has enhanced life expectancy, shifting the distribution of cancer diagnoses toward non–AIDS-defining malignancies, including breast cancer. Building on our prior research, we recently initiated the South African Breast Cancer and HIV Outcomes study. Methods We will recruit a cohort of 3,000 women newly diagnosed with breast cancer at hospitals in high (average, 20%) HIV prevalence areas, in Johannesburg, Durban, Pietermaritzburg, and Empangeni. At baseline, we will collect information on demographic, behavioral, clinical, and other factors related to access to health care. Every 3 months in year 1 and every 6 months thereafter, we will collect interview and chart data on treatment, symptoms, cancer progression, comorbidities, and other factors. We will compare survival rates of HIV-infected and uninfected women with newly diagnosed breast cancer and their likelihood of receiving suboptimal anticancer therapy. We will identify determinants of suboptimal therapy and context-specific modifiable factors that future interventions can target to improve outcomes. We will explore molecular mechanisms underlying potentially aggressive breast cancer in both HIV-infected and uninfected patients, as well as the roles of pathogens, states of immune activation, and inflammation in disease progression. Conclusion Our goals are to contribute to development of evidence-based guidelines for the management of breast cancer in HIV-positive women and to improve outcomes for all patients with breast cancer in resource-constrained settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Herbert Cubasch
- Herbert Cubasch, Sarah Nietz, Paul Ruff, Maureen Joffe, Shane Norris, Tobias Chirwa, Vinay Sharma, and Raquel Duarte, University of the Witwatersrand; Sarah Nietz, Charlotte Maxeke Johannesburg Academic Hospital, Johannesburg; Herbert Cubasch and Vinay Sharma, Chris Hani Baragwanath Academic Hospital, Soweto; Ines Buccimazza, University of KwaZulu-Natal; Ines Buccimazza, Inkosi Albert Luthuli Central Hospital, Durban; Sharon Čačala and Laura W. Stopforth, Grey's Hospital, Pietermaritzburg, South Africa; and Wei-Yann Tsai, Eliezer Stavsky, Katherine D. Crew, Judith S. Jacobson, and Alfred I. Neugut, Columbia University, New York, NY
| | - Paul Ruff
- Herbert Cubasch, Sarah Nietz, Paul Ruff, Maureen Joffe, Shane Norris, Tobias Chirwa, Vinay Sharma, and Raquel Duarte, University of the Witwatersrand; Sarah Nietz, Charlotte Maxeke Johannesburg Academic Hospital, Johannesburg; Herbert Cubasch and Vinay Sharma, Chris Hani Baragwanath Academic Hospital, Soweto; Ines Buccimazza, University of KwaZulu-Natal; Ines Buccimazza, Inkosi Albert Luthuli Central Hospital, Durban; Sharon Čačala and Laura W. Stopforth, Grey's Hospital, Pietermaritzburg, South Africa; and Wei-Yann Tsai, Eliezer Stavsky, Katherine D. Crew, Judith S. Jacobson, and Alfred I. Neugut, Columbia University, New York, NY
| | - Maureen Joffe
- Herbert Cubasch, Sarah Nietz, Paul Ruff, Maureen Joffe, Shane Norris, Tobias Chirwa, Vinay Sharma, and Raquel Duarte, University of the Witwatersrand; Sarah Nietz, Charlotte Maxeke Johannesburg Academic Hospital, Johannesburg; Herbert Cubasch and Vinay Sharma, Chris Hani Baragwanath Academic Hospital, Soweto; Ines Buccimazza, University of KwaZulu-Natal; Ines Buccimazza, Inkosi Albert Luthuli Central Hospital, Durban; Sharon Čačala and Laura W. Stopforth, Grey's Hospital, Pietermaritzburg, South Africa; and Wei-Yann Tsai, Eliezer Stavsky, Katherine D. Crew, Judith S. Jacobson, and Alfred I. Neugut, Columbia University, New York, NY
| | - Shane Norris
- Herbert Cubasch, Sarah Nietz, Paul Ruff, Maureen Joffe, Shane Norris, Tobias Chirwa, Vinay Sharma, and Raquel Duarte, University of the Witwatersrand; Sarah Nietz, Charlotte Maxeke Johannesburg Academic Hospital, Johannesburg; Herbert Cubasch and Vinay Sharma, Chris Hani Baragwanath Academic Hospital, Soweto; Ines Buccimazza, University of KwaZulu-Natal; Ines Buccimazza, Inkosi Albert Luthuli Central Hospital, Durban; Sharon Čačala and Laura W. Stopforth, Grey's Hospital, Pietermaritzburg, South Africa; and Wei-Yann Tsai, Eliezer Stavsky, Katherine D. Crew, Judith S. Jacobson, and Alfred I. Neugut, Columbia University, New York, NY
| | - Tobias Chirwa
- Herbert Cubasch, Sarah Nietz, Paul Ruff, Maureen Joffe, Shane Norris, Tobias Chirwa, Vinay Sharma, and Raquel Duarte, University of the Witwatersrand; Sarah Nietz, Charlotte Maxeke Johannesburg Academic Hospital, Johannesburg; Herbert Cubasch and Vinay Sharma, Chris Hani Baragwanath Academic Hospital, Soweto; Ines Buccimazza, University of KwaZulu-Natal; Ines Buccimazza, Inkosi Albert Luthuli Central Hospital, Durban; Sharon Čačala and Laura W. Stopforth, Grey's Hospital, Pietermaritzburg, South Africa; and Wei-Yann Tsai, Eliezer Stavsky, Katherine D. Crew, Judith S. Jacobson, and Alfred I. Neugut, Columbia University, New York, NY
| | - Sarah Nietz
- Herbert Cubasch, Sarah Nietz, Paul Ruff, Maureen Joffe, Shane Norris, Tobias Chirwa, Vinay Sharma, and Raquel Duarte, University of the Witwatersrand; Sarah Nietz, Charlotte Maxeke Johannesburg Academic Hospital, Johannesburg; Herbert Cubasch and Vinay Sharma, Chris Hani Baragwanath Academic Hospital, Soweto; Ines Buccimazza, University of KwaZulu-Natal; Ines Buccimazza, Inkosi Albert Luthuli Central Hospital, Durban; Sharon Čačala and Laura W. Stopforth, Grey's Hospital, Pietermaritzburg, South Africa; and Wei-Yann Tsai, Eliezer Stavsky, Katherine D. Crew, Judith S. Jacobson, and Alfred I. Neugut, Columbia University, New York, NY
| | - Vinay Sharma
- Herbert Cubasch, Sarah Nietz, Paul Ruff, Maureen Joffe, Shane Norris, Tobias Chirwa, Vinay Sharma, and Raquel Duarte, University of the Witwatersrand; Sarah Nietz, Charlotte Maxeke Johannesburg Academic Hospital, Johannesburg; Herbert Cubasch and Vinay Sharma, Chris Hani Baragwanath Academic Hospital, Soweto; Ines Buccimazza, University of KwaZulu-Natal; Ines Buccimazza, Inkosi Albert Luthuli Central Hospital, Durban; Sharon Čačala and Laura W. Stopforth, Grey's Hospital, Pietermaritzburg, South Africa; and Wei-Yann Tsai, Eliezer Stavsky, Katherine D. Crew, Judith S. Jacobson, and Alfred I. Neugut, Columbia University, New York, NY
| | - Raquel Duarte
- Herbert Cubasch, Sarah Nietz, Paul Ruff, Maureen Joffe, Shane Norris, Tobias Chirwa, Vinay Sharma, and Raquel Duarte, University of the Witwatersrand; Sarah Nietz, Charlotte Maxeke Johannesburg Academic Hospital, Johannesburg; Herbert Cubasch and Vinay Sharma, Chris Hani Baragwanath Academic Hospital, Soweto; Ines Buccimazza, University of KwaZulu-Natal; Ines Buccimazza, Inkosi Albert Luthuli Central Hospital, Durban; Sharon Čačala and Laura W. Stopforth, Grey's Hospital, Pietermaritzburg, South Africa; and Wei-Yann Tsai, Eliezer Stavsky, Katherine D. Crew, Judith S. Jacobson, and Alfred I. Neugut, Columbia University, New York, NY
| | - Ines Buccimazza
- Herbert Cubasch, Sarah Nietz, Paul Ruff, Maureen Joffe, Shane Norris, Tobias Chirwa, Vinay Sharma, and Raquel Duarte, University of the Witwatersrand; Sarah Nietz, Charlotte Maxeke Johannesburg Academic Hospital, Johannesburg; Herbert Cubasch and Vinay Sharma, Chris Hani Baragwanath Academic Hospital, Soweto; Ines Buccimazza, University of KwaZulu-Natal; Ines Buccimazza, Inkosi Albert Luthuli Central Hospital, Durban; Sharon Čačala and Laura W. Stopforth, Grey's Hospital, Pietermaritzburg, South Africa; and Wei-Yann Tsai, Eliezer Stavsky, Katherine D. Crew, Judith S. Jacobson, and Alfred I. Neugut, Columbia University, New York, NY
| | - Sharon Čačala
- Herbert Cubasch, Sarah Nietz, Paul Ruff, Maureen Joffe, Shane Norris, Tobias Chirwa, Vinay Sharma, and Raquel Duarte, University of the Witwatersrand; Sarah Nietz, Charlotte Maxeke Johannesburg Academic Hospital, Johannesburg; Herbert Cubasch and Vinay Sharma, Chris Hani Baragwanath Academic Hospital, Soweto; Ines Buccimazza, University of KwaZulu-Natal; Ines Buccimazza, Inkosi Albert Luthuli Central Hospital, Durban; Sharon Čačala and Laura W. Stopforth, Grey's Hospital, Pietermaritzburg, South Africa; and Wei-Yann Tsai, Eliezer Stavsky, Katherine D. Crew, Judith S. Jacobson, and Alfred I. Neugut, Columbia University, New York, NY
| | - Laura W Stopforth
- Herbert Cubasch, Sarah Nietz, Paul Ruff, Maureen Joffe, Shane Norris, Tobias Chirwa, Vinay Sharma, and Raquel Duarte, University of the Witwatersrand; Sarah Nietz, Charlotte Maxeke Johannesburg Academic Hospital, Johannesburg; Herbert Cubasch and Vinay Sharma, Chris Hani Baragwanath Academic Hospital, Soweto; Ines Buccimazza, University of KwaZulu-Natal; Ines Buccimazza, Inkosi Albert Luthuli Central Hospital, Durban; Sharon Čačala and Laura W. Stopforth, Grey's Hospital, Pietermaritzburg, South Africa; and Wei-Yann Tsai, Eliezer Stavsky, Katherine D. Crew, Judith S. Jacobson, and Alfred I. Neugut, Columbia University, New York, NY
| | - Wei-Yann Tsai
- Herbert Cubasch, Sarah Nietz, Paul Ruff, Maureen Joffe, Shane Norris, Tobias Chirwa, Vinay Sharma, and Raquel Duarte, University of the Witwatersrand; Sarah Nietz, Charlotte Maxeke Johannesburg Academic Hospital, Johannesburg; Herbert Cubasch and Vinay Sharma, Chris Hani Baragwanath Academic Hospital, Soweto; Ines Buccimazza, University of KwaZulu-Natal; Ines Buccimazza, Inkosi Albert Luthuli Central Hospital, Durban; Sharon Čačala and Laura W. Stopforth, Grey's Hospital, Pietermaritzburg, South Africa; and Wei-Yann Tsai, Eliezer Stavsky, Katherine D. Crew, Judith S. Jacobson, and Alfred I. Neugut, Columbia University, New York, NY
| | - Eliezer Stavsky
- Herbert Cubasch, Sarah Nietz, Paul Ruff, Maureen Joffe, Shane Norris, Tobias Chirwa, Vinay Sharma, and Raquel Duarte, University of the Witwatersrand; Sarah Nietz, Charlotte Maxeke Johannesburg Academic Hospital, Johannesburg; Herbert Cubasch and Vinay Sharma, Chris Hani Baragwanath Academic Hospital, Soweto; Ines Buccimazza, University of KwaZulu-Natal; Ines Buccimazza, Inkosi Albert Luthuli Central Hospital, Durban; Sharon Čačala and Laura W. Stopforth, Grey's Hospital, Pietermaritzburg, South Africa; and Wei-Yann Tsai, Eliezer Stavsky, Katherine D. Crew, Judith S. Jacobson, and Alfred I. Neugut, Columbia University, New York, NY
| | - Katherine D Crew
- Herbert Cubasch, Sarah Nietz, Paul Ruff, Maureen Joffe, Shane Norris, Tobias Chirwa, Vinay Sharma, and Raquel Duarte, University of the Witwatersrand; Sarah Nietz, Charlotte Maxeke Johannesburg Academic Hospital, Johannesburg; Herbert Cubasch and Vinay Sharma, Chris Hani Baragwanath Academic Hospital, Soweto; Ines Buccimazza, University of KwaZulu-Natal; Ines Buccimazza, Inkosi Albert Luthuli Central Hospital, Durban; Sharon Čačala and Laura W. Stopforth, Grey's Hospital, Pietermaritzburg, South Africa; and Wei-Yann Tsai, Eliezer Stavsky, Katherine D. Crew, Judith S. Jacobson, and Alfred I. Neugut, Columbia University, New York, NY
| | - Judith S Jacobson
- Herbert Cubasch, Sarah Nietz, Paul Ruff, Maureen Joffe, Shane Norris, Tobias Chirwa, Vinay Sharma, and Raquel Duarte, University of the Witwatersrand; Sarah Nietz, Charlotte Maxeke Johannesburg Academic Hospital, Johannesburg; Herbert Cubasch and Vinay Sharma, Chris Hani Baragwanath Academic Hospital, Soweto; Ines Buccimazza, University of KwaZulu-Natal; Ines Buccimazza, Inkosi Albert Luthuli Central Hospital, Durban; Sharon Čačala and Laura W. Stopforth, Grey's Hospital, Pietermaritzburg, South Africa; and Wei-Yann Tsai, Eliezer Stavsky, Katherine D. Crew, Judith S. Jacobson, and Alfred I. Neugut, Columbia University, New York, NY
| | - Alfred I Neugut
- Herbert Cubasch, Sarah Nietz, Paul Ruff, Maureen Joffe, Shane Norris, Tobias Chirwa, Vinay Sharma, and Raquel Duarte, University of the Witwatersrand; Sarah Nietz, Charlotte Maxeke Johannesburg Academic Hospital, Johannesburg; Herbert Cubasch and Vinay Sharma, Chris Hani Baragwanath Academic Hospital, Soweto; Ines Buccimazza, University of KwaZulu-Natal; Ines Buccimazza, Inkosi Albert Luthuli Central Hospital, Durban; Sharon Čačala and Laura W. Stopforth, Grey's Hospital, Pietermaritzburg, South Africa; and Wei-Yann Tsai, Eliezer Stavsky, Katherine D. Crew, Judith S. Jacobson, and Alfred I. Neugut, Columbia University, New York, NY
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HAMDOUN Z, EHSAN H. Aftermath of the Human Genome Project: an era of struggle and discovery. Turk J Biol 2017. [DOI: 10.3906/biy-1609-77] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
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Wang W, Li Y, Zhu JY, Fang D, Ding HF, Dong Z, Jing Q, Su SB, Huang S. Triple negative breast cancer development can be selectively suppressed by sustaining an elevated level of cellular cyclic AMP through simultaneously blocking its efflux and decomposition. Oncotarget 2016; 7:87232-87245. [PMID: 27901486 PMCID: PMC5349984 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.13601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2016] [Accepted: 11/07/2016] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) has the highest mortality among all breast cancer types and lack of targeted therapy is a key factor contributing to its high mortality rate. In this study, we show that 8-bromo-cAMP, a cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) analog at high concentration (> 1 mM) selectively suppresses TNBC cell growth. However, commonly-used cAMP-elevating agents such as adenylyl cyclase activator forskolin and pan phosphodiesterase inhibitor 3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine (IBMX) are ineffective. Inability of cAMP elevating agents to inhibit TNBC cell growth is due to rapid diminution of cellular cAMP through efflux and decomposition. By performing bioinformatics analyses with publically available gene expression datasets from breast cancer patients/established breast cancer cell lines and further validating using specific inhibitors/siRNAs, we reveal that multidrug resistance-associated protein 1/4 (MRP1/4) mediate rapid cAMP efflux while members PDE4 subfamily facilitate cAMP decomposition. When cAMP clearance is prevented by specific inhibitors, forskolin blocks TNBC's in vitro cell growth by arresting cell cycle at G1/S phase. Importantly, cocktail of forskolin, MRP inhibitor probenecid and PDE4 inhibitor rolipram suppresses TNBC in vivo tumor development. This study suggests that a TNBC-targeted therapeutic strategy can be developed by sustaining an elevated level of cAMP through simultaneously blocking its efflux and decomposition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Wang
- 1 Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine Complexity System, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yue Li
- 2 Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Jessica Y. Zhu
- 2 Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Dongdong Fang
- 1 Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine Complexity System, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Han-Fei Ding
- 3 Georgia Cancer Center, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Zheng Dong
- 4 Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Qing Jing
- 5 Changhai Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Shi-Bing Su
- 1 Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine Complexity System, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- 6 E-institute of Shanghai Municipal Education Committee, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Shuang Huang
- 1 Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine Complexity System, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- 2 Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL, USA
- 6 E-institute of Shanghai Municipal Education Committee, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Gajulapalli VNR, Malisetty VL, Chitta SK, Manavathi B. Oestrogen receptor negativity in breast cancer: a cause or consequence? Biosci Rep 2016; 36:e00432. [PMID: 27884978 PMCID: PMC5180249 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20160228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2016] [Revised: 11/23/2016] [Accepted: 11/24/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Endocrine resistance, which occurs either by de novo or acquired route, is posing a major challenge in treating hormone-dependent breast cancers by endocrine therapies. The loss of oestrogen receptor α (ERα) expression is the vital cause of establishing endocrine resistance in this subtype. Understanding the mechanisms that determine the causes of this phenomenon are therefore essential to reduce the disease efficacy. But how we negate oestrogen receptor (ER) negativity and endocrine resistance in breast cancer is questionable. To answer that, two important approaches are considered: (1) understanding the cellular origin of heterogeneity and ER negativity in breast cancers and (2) characterization of molecular regulators of endocrine resistance. Breast tumours are heterogeneous in nature, having distinct molecular, cellular, histological and clinical behaviour. Recent advancements in perception of the heterogeneity of breast cancer revealed that the origin of a particular mammary tumour phenotype depends on the interactions between the cell of origin and driver genetic hits. On the other hand, histone deacetylases (HDACs), DNA methyltransferases (DNMTs), miRNAs and ubiquitin ligases emerged as vital molecular regulators of ER negativity in breast cancers. Restoring response to endocrine therapy through re-expression of ERα by modulating the expression of these molecular regulators is therefore considered as a relevant concept that can be implemented in treating ER-negative breast cancers. In this review, we will thoroughly discuss the underlying mechanisms for the loss of ERα expression and provide the future prospects for implementing the strategies to negate ER negativity in breast cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vijaya Narasihma Reddy Gajulapalli
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular and Cellular Oncology Laboratory, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad 500046, India
| | | | - Suresh Kumar Chitta
- Department of Biochemistry, Sri Krishnadevaraya University, Anantapur, Andhra Pradesh 515002, India
| | - Bramanandam Manavathi
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular and Cellular Oncology Laboratory, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad 500046, India
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Cobain EF, Milliron KJ, Merajver SD. Updates on breast cancer genetics: Clinical implications of detecting syndromes of inherited increased susceptibility to breast cancer. Semin Oncol 2016; 43:528-535. [DOI: 10.1053/j.seminoncol.2016.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
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Nogales-Cadenas R, Cai Y, Lin JR, Zhang Q, Zhang W, Montagna C, Zhang ZD. MicroRNA expression and gene regulation drive breast cancer progression and metastasis in PyMT mice. Breast Cancer Res 2016; 18:75. [PMID: 27449149 PMCID: PMC4957901 DOI: 10.1186/s13058-016-0735-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2016] [Accepted: 06/28/2016] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNA molecules of about 22 nucleotides which function to silence the expression of their target genes. Numerous studies have shown that miRNAs are not only key regulators in important cellular processes but are also drivers in the development of many diseases, especially cancer. Estrogen receptor positive luminal B is the second most common but the least studied subtype of breast cancer. Only a few studies have examined the expression profiles of miRNAs in luminal B breast cancer, and their regulatory roles in cancer progression have yet to be investigated. Methods In this study, using polyoma middle T antigen (PyMT) mice, a widely used luminal B breast cancer model, we profiled microRNA (miRNA) expression at four time points that represent different key developmental stages of cancer progression. We considered the expression of both miRNAs and messenger RNAs (mRNAs) at these time points to improve the identification of regulatory targets of miRNAs. By combining gene functional and pathway annotation with miRNA-mRNA interactions, we created a PyMT-specific tripartite miRNA-mRNA-pathway network and identified novel functional regulatory programs (FRPs). Results We identified 151 differentially expressed miRNAs with a strict dual nature of either upregulation or downregulation during the whole course of disease progression. Among 82 newly discovered breast-cancer-related miRNAs, 35 can potentially regulate 271 protein-coding genes based on their sequence complementarity and expression profiles. We also identified miRNA-mRNA regulatory modules driving specific cancer-related biological processes. Conclusions In this study we profiled the expression of miRNAs during breast cancer progression in the PyMT mouse model. By integrating miRNA and mRNA expression profiles, we identified differentially expressed miRNAs and their target genes involved in several hallmarks of cancer. We applied a novel clustering method to an annotated miRNA-mRNA regulatory network and identified network modules involved in specific cancer-related biological processes. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13058-016-0735-z) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ying Cai
- Department of Genetics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA
| | - Jhih-Rong Lin
- Department of Genetics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA
| | - Quanwei Zhang
- Department of Genetics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA
| | - Wen Zhang
- Department of Genetics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA
| | - Cristina Montagna
- Department of Genetics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA.,Department of Pathology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA
| | - Zhengdong D Zhang
- Department of Genetics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA. .,Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Michael F. Price Center, 1301 Morris Park Avenue, Room 353A, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA.
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Abou-Elkacem L, Wilson KE, Johnson SM, Chowdhury SM, Bachawal S, Hackel BJ, Tian L, Willmann JK. Ultrasound Molecular Imaging of the Breast Cancer Neovasculature using Engineered Fibronectin Scaffold Ligands: A Novel Class of Targeted Contrast Ultrasound Agent. Theranostics 2016; 6:1740-52. [PMID: 27570547 PMCID: PMC4997233 DOI: 10.7150/thno.15169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2016] [Accepted: 05/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Molecularly-targeted microbubbles (MBs) are increasingly being recognized as promising contrast agents for oncological molecular imaging with ultrasound. With the detection and validation of new molecular imaging targets, novel binding ligands are needed that bind to molecular imaging targets with high affinity and specificity. In this study we assessed a novel class of potentially clinically translatable MBs using an engineered 10th type III domain of human-fibronectin (MB-FN3VEGFR2) scaffold-ligand to image VEGFR2 on the neovasculature of cancer. The in vitro binding of MB-FN3VEGFR2 to a soluble VEGFR2 was assessed by flow-cytometry (FACS) and binding to VEGFR2-expressing cells was assessed by flow-chamber cell attachment studies under flow shear stress conditions. In vivo binding of MB-FN3VEGFR2 was tested in a transgenic mouse model (FVB/N Tg(MMTV/PyMT634Mul) of breast cancer and control litter mates with normal mammary glands. In vitro FACS and flow-chamber cell attachment studies showed significantly (P<0.01) higher binding to VEGFR2 using MB-FN3VEGFR2 than control agents. In vivo ultrasound molecular imaging (USMI) studies using MB-FN3VEGFR2 demonstrated specific binding to VEGFR2 and was significantly higher (P<0.01) in breast cancer compared to normal breast tissue. Ex vivo immunofluorescence-analysis showed significantly (P<0.01) increased VEGFR2-expression in breast cancer compared to normal mammary tissue. Our results suggest that MBs coupled to FN3-scaffolds can be designed and used for USMI of breast cancer neoangiogenesis. Due to their small size, stability, solubility, the lack of glycosylation and disulfide bonds, FN3-scaffolds can be recombinantly produced with the advantage of generating small, high affinity ligands in a cost efficient way for USMI.
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Neykov M, Hejblum BP, Sinnott JA. Kernel machine score test for pathway analysis in the presence of semi-competing risks. Stat Methods Med Res 2016; 27:1099-1114. [PMID: 27255336 DOI: 10.1177/0962280216653427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
In cancer studies, patients often experience two different types of events: a non-terminal event such as recurrence or metastasis, and a terminal event such as cancer-specific death. Identifying pathways and networks of genes associated with one or both of these events is an important step in understanding disease development and targeting new biological processes for potential intervention. These correlated outcomes are commonly dealt with by modeling progression-free survival, where the event time is the minimum between the times of recurrence and death. However, identifying pathways only associated with progression-free survival may miss out on pathways that affect time to recurrence but not death, or vice versa. We propose a combined testing procedure for a pathway's association with both the cause-specific hazard of recurrence and the marginal hazard of death. The dependency between the two outcomes is accounted for through perturbation resampling to approximate the test's null distribution, without any further assumption on the nature of the dependency. Even complex non-linear relationships between pathways and disease progression or death can be uncovered thanks to a flexible kernel machine framework. The superior statistical power of our approach is demonstrated in numerical studies and in a gene expression study of breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matey Neykov
- 1 Department of Operations Research and Financial Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA
| | - Boris P Hejblum
- 2 Department of Biostatistics, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA
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Mehrgou A, Akouchekian M. The importance of BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes mutations in breast cancer development. Med J Islam Repub Iran 2016; 30:369. [PMID: 27493913 PMCID: PMC4972064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2016] [Accepted: 02/22/2016] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Many factors including genetic, environmental, and acquired are involved in breast cancer development across various societies. Among all of these factors in families with a history of breast cancer throughout several generations, genetics, like predisposing genes to develop this disease, should be considered more. Early detection of mutation carriers in these genes, in turn, can play an important role in its prevention. Because this disease has a high prevalence in half of the global population, female screening of reported mutations in predisposing genes, which have been seen in breast cancer patients, seems necessary. In this review, a number of mutations in two predisposing genes (BRCA1 and BRCA2) that occurred in patients with a family history was investigated. We studied published articles about mutations in genes predisposed to breast cancer between 2000 and 2015. We then summarized and classified reported mutations in these two genes to recommend some exons which have a high potential to mutate. According to previous studies, exons have been reported as most mutated exons presented in this article. Considering the large size and high cost of screening all exons in these two genes in patients with a family history, especially in developing countries, the results of this review article can be beneficial and helpful in the selection of exon to screen for patients with this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amir Mehrgou
- 1 MSc Student, Department of Medical Genetics and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Mansoureh Akouchekian
- 2 Assistant Professor, Department of Medical Genetics and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. , ,(Corresponding author) Assistant Professor, Department of Medical Genetics and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. ,
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