1
|
Lee J, Kim JH, Chu HBK, Oh ST, Kang SB, Lee S, Kim DW, Oh HK, Park JH, Kim J, Kang J, Lee JY, Cho S, Shim H, Lee HS, Kim SY, Kim YJ, Yang JO, Lee KY. Comprehensive RNA-sequencing analysis of colorectal cancer in a Korean cohort. Mol Cells 2024; 47:100033. [PMID: 38403196 PMCID: PMC11004400 DOI: 10.1016/j.mocell.2024.100033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Revised: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Considering the recent increase in the number of colorectal cancer (CRC) cases in South Korea, we aimed to clarify the molecular characteristics of CRC unique to the Korean population. To gain insights into the complexities of CRC and promote the exchange of critical data, RNA-sequencing analysis was performed to reveal the molecular mechanisms that drive the development and progression of CRC; this analysis is critical for developing effective treatment strategies. We performed RNA-sequencing analysis of CRC and adjacent normal tissue samples from 214 Korean participants (comprising a total of 381 including 169 normal and 212 tumor samples) to investigate differential gene expression between the groups. We identified 19,575 genes expressed in CRC and normal tissues, with 3,830 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between the groups. Functional annotation analysis revealed that the upregulated DEGs were significantly enriched in pathways related to the cell cycle, DNA replication, and IL-17, whereas the downregulated DEGs were enriched in metabolic pathways. We also analyzed the relationship between clinical information and subtypes using the Consensus Molecular Subtype (CMS) classification. Furthermore, we compared groups clustered within our dataset to CMS groups and performed additional analysis of the methylation data between DEGs and CMS groups to provide comprehensive biological insights from various perspectives. Our study provides valuable insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying CRC in Korean patients and serves as a platform for identifying potential target genes for this disease. The raw data and processed results have been deposited in a public repository for further analysis and exploration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jaeim Lee
- Department of Surgery, Uijeongbu St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Uijeongbu 11765, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jong-Hwan Kim
- Korea Bioinformation Center (KOBIC), Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea.
| | - Hoang Bao Khanh Chu
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea.
| | - Seong-Taek Oh
- Department of Surgery, Uijeongbu St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Uijeongbu 11765, Republic of Korea.
| | - Sung-Bum Kang
- Department of Surgery, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seongnam 13620, Republic of Korea.
| | - Sejoon Lee
- Precision Medicine Center, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam 13620, Republic of Korea.
| | - Duck-Woo Kim
- Department of Surgery, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seongnam 13620, Republic of Korea.
| | - Heung-Kwon Oh
- Department of Surgery, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seongnam 13620, Republic of Korea.
| | - Ji-Hwan Park
- Korea Bioinformation Center (KOBIC), Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jisu Kim
- Korea Bioinformation Center (KOBIC), Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jisun Kang
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jin-Young Lee
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea.
| | - Sheehyun Cho
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea.
| | - Hyeran Shim
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea.
| | - Hong Seok Lee
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea.
| | - Seon-Young Kim
- Korea Bioinformation Center (KOBIC), Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea.
| | - Young-Joon Kim
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea; LepiDyne Co., Ltd., Seoul 04779, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jin Ok Yang
- Korea Bioinformation Center (KOBIC), Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea.
| | - Kil-Yong Lee
- Department of Surgery, Uijeongbu St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Uijeongbu 11765, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Nemeth K, Bayraktar R, Ferracin M, Calin GA. Non-coding RNAs in disease: from mechanisms to therapeutics. Nat Rev Genet 2024; 25:211-232. [PMID: 37968332 DOI: 10.1038/s41576-023-00662-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 11/17/2023]
Abstract
Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) are a heterogeneous group of transcripts that, by definition, are not translated into proteins. Since their discovery, ncRNAs have emerged as important regulators of multiple biological functions across a range of cell types and tissues, and their dysregulation has been implicated in disease. Notably, much research has focused on the link between microRNAs (miRNAs) and human cancers, although other ncRNAs, such as long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) and circular RNAs (circRNAs), are also emerging as relevant contributors to human disease. In this Review, we summarize our current understanding of the roles of miRNAs, lncRNAs and circRNAs in cancer and other major human diseases, notably cardiovascular, neurological and infectious diseases. Further, we discuss the potential use of ncRNAs as biomarkers of disease and as therapeutic targets.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kinga Nemeth
- Translational Molecular Pathology Department, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Recep Bayraktar
- Translational Molecular Pathology Department, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Manuela Ferracin
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (DIMEC), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.
- IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Bologna, Italy.
| | - George A Calin
- Translational Molecular Pathology Department, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.
- The RNA Interference and Non-coding RNA Center, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Dobre M, Trandafir B, Milanesi E, Salvi A, Bucuroiu I, Vasilescu C, Niculae AM, Herlea V, Hinescu ME, Constantinescu G. Molecular profile of the NF-κB signalling pathway in human colorectal cancer. J Cell Mol Med 2022; 26:5966-5975. [PMID: 36433652 PMCID: PMC9753446 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.17545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Revised: 07/06/2022] [Accepted: 07/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The development and progression of colorectal cancer (CRC) have been associated with inflammation processes that involve the overactivation of the NF-κB signalling pathway. The characterization of the NF-κB expression profile in CRC is an important topic since the suppression of NF-κB represents a potential therapeutic approach. In this study, we assessed the expression levels of 84 NF-κB-related genes in paired tumoral (T) and peritumoral (PT) tissues from 18 CRC patients and 18 normal colonic mucosae, and the expression levels of three miRNAs targeting the most dysregulated genes revealed by the case-control analysis. Comparing the gene expression profile of T and controls, 60 genes were dysregulated. The comparison of T and PT revealed 17 dysregulated genes in the tumoral tissues, with IL1B, CXCL8, IL1A, and CSF2 being the most upregulated. Notably, through a bioinformatics analysis, the differential gene expression of 11 out of the 17 genes was validated on a larger cohort of 308 CRC patients compared with 41 controls. Moreover, a decrease in the levels of RELA, NOD1, CASP8, BCL2L1, ELK1, and IKBKB was identified in poorly differentiated tumours compared to moderately differentiated tumours. The analysis of the three miRNAs targeting IL1B, CXCL8, IL1A, and CSF2 showed that miR-182-5p was upregulated in T compared with PT, whereas miR-10b-5p was downregulated in T compared with PT and control tissues. Our results may contribute to the design of new experimental therapeutic strategies based on endogenous molecules, such as miRNAs, to target the genetic key players of the NF- κB pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Dobre
- Victor Babes National Institute of PathologyBucharestRomania
| | - Bogdan Trandafir
- Faculty of MedicineCarol Davila University of Medicine and PharmacyBucharestRomania,Fundeni Clinical InstituteBucharestRomania
| | - Elena Milanesi
- Victor Babes National Institute of PathologyBucharestRomania
| | - Alessandro Salvi
- Division of Biology and Genetics, Department of Molecular and Translational MedicineUniversity of BresciaBresciaItaly
| | - Ioana Alina Bucuroiu
- Faculty of MedicineCarol Davila University of Medicine and PharmacyBucharestRomania
| | - Catalin Vasilescu
- Faculty of MedicineCarol Davila University of Medicine and PharmacyBucharestRomania,Fundeni Clinical InstituteBucharestRomania
| | - Andrei Marian Niculae
- Victor Babes National Institute of PathologyBucharestRomania,Faculty of MedicineCarol Davila University of Medicine and PharmacyBucharestRomania
| | | | - Mihail Eugen Hinescu
- Victor Babes National Institute of PathologyBucharestRomania,Faculty of MedicineCarol Davila University of Medicine and PharmacyBucharestRomania
| | - Gabriel Constantinescu
- Faculty of MedicineCarol Davila University of Medicine and PharmacyBucharestRomania,Clinical Emergency Hospital BucharestBucharestRomania
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Wang C, Zhao Z, Zhang Y, Liang W, Zhou C, Lin W, He Y, Wu M, Meng Z, Liao Y, Li M, El Akkawi M, Zhao J, He Y. Identification and verification of the prognostic value of CUL7 in colon adenocarcinoma. Front Immunol 2022; 13:1043512. [PMID: 36304472 PMCID: PMC9592904 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1043512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
CUL7, a gene composed of 26 exons associated with cullin 7 protein, is also an E3 ligase that is closely related to cell senescence, apoptosis, and cell transformation and also plays an important role in human cancer. However, there is no systematic pan-cancer analysis has been performed to explore its role in prognosis and immune prediction. In this study, the expression of CUL7 in colon adenocarcinoma (COAD) was investigated to determine its prognosis value. First, based on the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), Genotypic-Tissue Expression Project(GTEx), Cancer Cell Line Encyclopedias(CCLE), and TISIDB database, the potential role of CUL7 in different tumors was explored. Subsequently, the expression of CUL7 in COAD was explored and verified by Immunohistochemistry (IHC). Furthermore, the mutation frequency of CUL7 in COAD was analyzed, and the prognostic value of CUL7 in COAD was discussed. In addition, the nomogram was constructed, and its prognostic value was verified by follow-up data from Jiangmen Central Hospital. Finally, PPI network analysis explored the potential biological function of CUL7 in COAD. The results show that CUL7 is upregulated in most tumors, which is significantly associated with poor survival. At the same time, CUL7 is correlated with the clinical stage and immune landscape of various tumors. In colorectal cancer, CUL7 was overexpressed in tumor tissues by IHC with a mutation frequency of about 4%. CUL7 is an independent prognostic factor for colorectal cancer. The nomogram constructed has effective predictive performance, and external databases proved the prognostic value of CUL7. In addition, PPI network analysis showed that CUL7 was closely related to FBXW8, and further pathway enrichment analysis showed that CUL7 was mainly involved in ubiquitin-mediated proteolysis. Therefore, our study provides a comprehensive understanding of the potential role of CUL7 in different tumors, and CUL7 might be a prognostic marker for COAD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chengxing Wang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Jiangmen Central Hospital, Jiangmen, China
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhenyu Zhao
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuhao Zhang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Jiangmen Central Hospital, Jiangmen, China
| | - Weijun Liang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Jiangmen Central Hospital, Jiangmen, China
| | - Chaorong Zhou
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Jiangmen Central Hospital, Jiangmen, China
| | - Weixing Lin
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Jiangmen Central Hospital, Jiangmen, China
| | - Yu He
- National Drug Clinical Trial Institution, Jiangmen Central Hospital, Jiangmen, China
| | - Meimei Wu
- Clinical Experimental Center, Jiangmen Key Laboratory of Clinical Biobanks and Translational Research, Jiangmen Central Hospital, Jiangmen, China
| | - Zijie Meng
- Clinical Experimental Center, Jiangmen Key Laboratory of Clinical Biobanks and Translational Research, Jiangmen Central Hospital, Jiangmen, China
| | - Yuehua Liao
- Department of Pathology, Jiangmen Central Hospital, Jiangmen, China
| | - Min Li
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Mariya El Akkawi
- Department of Plastic and Aesthetic Surgery, Zhujiang hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Yaoming He, ; Jinglin Zhao, ; Mariya El Akkawi,
| | - Jinglin Zhao
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Jiangmen Central Hospital, Jiangmen, China
- *Correspondence: Yaoming He, ; Jinglin Zhao, ; Mariya El Akkawi,
| | - Yaoming He
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Jiangmen Central Hospital, Jiangmen, China
- *Correspondence: Yaoming He, ; Jinglin Zhao, ; Mariya El Akkawi,
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Construction of a Colorectal Cancer Prognostic Risk Model and Screening of Prognostic Risk Genes Using Machine-Learning Algorithms. COMPUTATIONAL AND MATHEMATICAL METHODS IN MEDICINE 2022; 2022:9408839. [PMID: 36267311 PMCID: PMC9578894 DOI: 10.1155/2022/9408839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Revised: 09/14/2022] [Accepted: 09/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/09/2022]
Abstract
This study is aimed at constructing a prognostic risk model for colorectal cancer (CRC) using machine-learning algorithms to provide accurate staging and screening of credible prognostic risk genes. We extracted CRC data from GSE126092 and GSE156355 of the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database and datasets from TCGA to analyze the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) using bioinformatics analysis. Among the 330 shared DEGs related to CRC prognosis, we divided the analysis period into different phases and applied univariate COX regression, LASSO, and multivariate COX regression analysis. GO analysis and KEGG analysis revealed that the functions of these DEGs were primarily focused on cell cycle, DNA replication, cell mitosis, and other related functions, and this confirmed our results from a biological perspective. Finally, a prognostic risk model for CRC based on the CHGA, CLU, PLK1, AXIN2, NR3C2, IL17RB, GCG, and AJUBA genes was constructed, and the risk score enabled us to predict the prognosis for CRC. To obtain a comprehensive and accurate model, we used both internal and external evaluations, and the model was able to correctly differentiate patients with CRC into a high-risk group with poor prognosis and a low-risk group with good prognosis. The AUC values of the 3-, 5-, and 10-year survival ROC curves were 0.715, 0.721, and 0.777, respectively, according to the internal evaluation, and the AUC values were 0.606, 0.698, and 0.608, respectively, for the external evaluation using GSE39582 from the GEO database. We determined that CLU, PLK1, and IL17RB could be considered to be independent prognostic factors for CRC with significantly different expression (P < 0.05). Using machine-learning methods, a prognostic risk model comprised of eight genes was constructed. Not only does this model provide improved treatment guidance, but it also provides a novel perspective for analyzing survival conditions at a deeper biological level.
Collapse
|
6
|
Bouyahya A, Omari NE, EL Hachlafi N, Jemly ME, Hakkour M, Balahbib A, El Menyiy N, Bakrim S, Naceiri Mrabti H, Khouchlaa A, Mahomoodally MF, Catauro M, Montesano D, Zengin G. Chemical Compounds of Berry-Derived Polyphenols and Their Effects on Gut Microbiota, Inflammation, and Cancer. Molecules 2022; 27:3286. [PMID: 35630763 PMCID: PMC9146061 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27103286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Revised: 04/27/2022] [Accepted: 05/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Berry-derived polyphenols are bioactive compounds synthesized and secreted by several berry fruits. These polyphenols feature a diversity of chemical compounds, including phenolic acids and flavonoids. Here, we report the beneficial health effects of berry-derived polyphenols and their therapeutical application on gut-microbiota-related diseases, including inflammation and cancer. Pharmacokinetic investigations have confirmed the absorption, availability, and metabolism of berry-derived polyphenols. In vitro and in vivo tests, as well as clinical trials, showed that berry-derived polyphenols can positively modulate the gut microbiota, inhibiting inflammation and cancer development. Indeed, these compounds inhibit the growth of pathogenic bacteria and also promote beneficial bacteria. Moreover, berry-derived polyphenols exhibit therapeutic effects against different gut-microbiota-related disorders such as inflammation, cancer, and metabolic disorders. Moreover, these polyphenols can manage the inflammation via various mechanisms, in particular the inhibition of the transcriptional factor Nf-κB. Berry-derived polyphenols have also shown remarkable effects on different types of cancer, including colorectal, breast, esophageal, and prostate cancer. Moreover, certain metabolic disorders such as diabetes and atherosclerosis were also managed by berry-derived polyphenols through different mechanisms. These data showed that polyphenols from berries are a promising source of bioactive compounds capable of modulating the intestinal microbiota, and therefore managing cancer and associated metabolic diseases. However, further investigations should be carried out to determine the mechanisms of action of berry-derived polyphenol bioactive compounds to validate their safety and examinate their clinical uses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Abdelhakim Bouyahya
- Laboratory of Human Pathologies Biology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Rabat 10106, Morocco
| | - Nasreddine El Omari
- Laboratory of Histology, Embryology, and Cytogenetic, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Rabat 10100, Morocco;
| | - Naoufal EL Hachlafi
- Microbial Biotechnology and Bioactive Molecules Laboratory, Sciences and Technologies Faculty, Sidi Mohmed Ben Abdellah University, Imouzzer Road Fez, Fez 30003, Morocco;
| | - Meryem El Jemly
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University Mohammed VI for Health Science, Casablanca 82403, Morocco;
| | - Maryam Hakkour
- Laboratory of Biodiversity, Ecology, and Genome, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Rabat 10106, Morocco; (M.H.); (A.B.)
| | - Abdelaali Balahbib
- Laboratory of Biodiversity, Ecology, and Genome, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Rabat 10106, Morocco; (M.H.); (A.B.)
| | - Naoual El Menyiy
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, National Agency of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Taounate 34025, Morocco;
| | - Saad Bakrim
- Molecular Engineering, Valorization and Environment Team, Polydisciplinary Faculty of Taroudant, Ibn Zohr University, Agadir 80000, Morocco;
| | - Hanae Naceiri Mrabti
- Laboratory of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Bio Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Analysis Research Team, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Mohammed V University, Rabat 10000, Morocco;
| | - Aya Khouchlaa
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, National Agency of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Taounate 34025, Morocco;
| | - Mohamad Fawzi Mahomoodally
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Mauritius, Reduit 80837, Mauritius;
| | - Michelina Catauro
- Department of Engineering, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Via Roma 29, 81031 Aversa, Italy
| | - Domenico Montesano
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, Via D. Montesano 49, 80131 Naples, Italy;
| | - Gokhan Zengin
- Physiology and Biochemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Biology, Science Faculty, Selcuk University, 42130 Konya, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Consensus molecular subtype differences linking colon adenocarcinoma and obesity revealed by a cohort transcriptomic analysis. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0268436. [PMID: 35560039 PMCID: PMC9106217 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0268436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2021] [Accepted: 04/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third-leading cause of cancer-related deaths in the United States and worldwide. Obesity—a worldwide public health concern—is a known risk factor for cancer including CRC. However, the mechanisms underlying the link between CRC and obesity have yet to be fully elucidated in part because of the molecular heterogeneity of CRC. We hypothesized that obesity modulates CRC in a consensus molecular subtype (CMS)-dependent manner. RNA-seq data and associated tumor and patient characteristics including body weight and height data for 232 patients were obtained from The Cancer Genomic Atlas–Colon Adenocarcinoma (TCGA-COAD) database. Tumor samples were classified into the four CMSs with the CMScaller R package; body mass index (BMI) was calculated and categorized as normal, overweight, and obese. We observed a significant difference in CMS categorization between BMI categories. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between obese and overweight samples and normal samples differed across the CMSs, and associated prognostic analyses indicated that the DEGs had differing associations on survival. Using Gene Set Enrichment Analysis, we found differences in Hallmark gene set enrichment between obese and overweight samples and normal samples across the CMSs. We constructed Protein-Protein Interaction networks and observed differences in obesity-regulated hub genes for each CMS. Finally, we analyzed and found differences in predicted drug sensitivity between obese and overweight samples and normal samples across the CMSs. Our findings support that obesity impacts the CRC tumor transcriptome in a CMS-specific manner. The possible associations reported here are preliminary and will require validation using in vitro and animal models to examine the CMS-dependence of the genes and pathways. Once validated the obesity-linked genes and pathways may represent new therapeutic targets to treat colon cancer in a CMS-dependent manner.
Collapse
|
8
|
Subtil B, Cambi A, Tauriello DVF, de Vries IJM. The Therapeutic Potential of Tackling Tumor-Induced Dendritic Cell Dysfunction in Colorectal Cancer. Front Immunol 2021; 12:724883. [PMID: 34691029 PMCID: PMC8527179 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.724883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2021] [Accepted: 09/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most diagnosed malignancy and the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Locally advanced and metastatic disease exhibit resistance to therapy and are prone to recurrence. Despite significant advances in standard of care and targeted (immuno)therapies, the treatment effects in metastatic CRC patients have been modest. Untreatable cancer metastasis accounts for poor prognosis and most CRC deaths. The generation of a strong immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME) by CRC constitutes a major hurdle for tumor clearance by the immune system. Dendritic cells (DCs), often impaired in the TME, play a critical role in the initiation and amplification of anti-tumor immune responses. Evidence suggests that tumor-mediated DC dysfunction is decisive for tumor growth and metastasis initiation, as well as for the success of immunotherapies. Unravelling and understanding the complex crosstalk between CRC and DCs holds promise for identifying key mechanisms involved in tumor progression and spread that can be exploited for therapy. The main goal of this review is to provide an overview of the current knowledge on the impact of CRC-driven immunosuppression on DCs phenotype and functionality, and its significance for disease progression, patient prognosis, and treatment response. Moreover, present knowledge gaps will be highlighted as promising opportunities to further understand and therapeutically target DC dysfunction in CRC. Given the complexity and heterogeneity of CRC, future research will benefit from the use of patient-derived material and the development of in vitro organoid-based co-culture systems to model and study DCs within the CRC TME.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Beatriz Subtil
- Department of Cell Biology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Alessandra Cambi
- Department of Cell Biology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Daniele V. F. Tauriello
- Department of Cell Biology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - I. Jolanda M. de Vries
- Department of Tumor Immunology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Moazzendizaji S, Sevbitov A, Ezzatifar F, Jalili HR, Aalii M, Hemmatzadeh M, Aslani S, Gholizadeh Navashenaq J, Safari R, Hosseinzadeh R, Rahmany MR, Mohammadi H. microRNAs: Small molecules with a large impact on colorectal cancer. Biotechnol Appl Biochem 2021; 69:1893-1908. [PMID: 34550619 DOI: 10.1002/bab.2255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2021] [Accepted: 09/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) accounts for one of the main cancer-related mortality and morbidity worldwide. The molecular mechanisms of CRC development have been broadly investigated and, over the last decade, it has become evident that aberrant transcription of microRNAs (miRNAs), a class of small, noncoding RNA molecules, has a significant role in the inception and promotion of CRC. In the involved tissues of CRC, the transcription profile of miRNAs is modulated, and their expression templates are related with prognosis, diagnosis, and treatment outcomes. Here, in the current review, we attempted to discuss the latest information regarding the aberrantly expressed miRNAs in CRC and the advantages of utilizing miRNAs as biomarkers for early diagnosis and prognosis of CRC as well as potential therapeutic application. The effect of miRNAs involved in various signaling pathways, primarily p53, EGFR, Wnt, and TGF-β pathways, was clarified.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sahand Moazzendizaji
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran
| | - Andrey Sevbitov
- Head of Department of Propaedeutics of Dental Diseases, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russia
| | - Fatemeh Ezzatifar
- Molecular and Cell Biology Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran.,Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Hamid Reza Jalili
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran
| | - Morteza Aalii
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran
| | - Maryam Hemmatzadeh
- Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Saeed Aslani
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Roghaiyeh Safari
- Molecular and Cellular Epigenetics (GIGA), University of Liege, Sart-Tilman Liège, Belgium.,13. Molecular and Cellular Biology (TERRA), Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, University of Liege, Gembloux, Belgium
| | - Ramin Hosseinzadeh
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Rahmany
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran
| | - Hamed Mohammadi
- Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran.,Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Cervena K, Novosadova V, Pardini B, Naccarati A, Opattova A, Horak J, Vodenkova S, Buchler T, Skrobanek P, Levy M, Vodicka P, Vymetalkova V. Analysis of MicroRNA Expression Changes During the Course of Therapy In Rectal Cancer Patients. Front Oncol 2021; 11:702258. [PMID: 34540669 PMCID: PMC8444897 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.702258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Accepted: 08/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) regulate gene expression in a tissue-specific manner. However, little is known about the miRNA expression changes induced by the therapy in rectal cancer (RC) patients. We evaluated miRNA expression levels before and after therapy and identified specific miRNA signatures reflecting disease course and treatment responses of RC patients. First, miRNA expression levels were assessed by next-generation sequencing in two plasma samplings (at the time of diagnosis and a year after) from 20 RC patients. MiR-122-5p and miR-142-5p were classified for subsequent validation in plasma and plasma extracellular vesicles (EVs) on an independent group of RC patients (n=107). Due to the intrinsic high differences in miRNA expression levels between samplings, cancer-free individuals (n=51) were included in the validation phase to determine the baseline expression levels of the selected miRNAs. Expression levels of these miRNAs were significantly different between RC patients and controls (for all p <0.001). A year after diagnosis, miRNA expression profiles were significantly modified in patients responding to treatment and were no longer different from those measured in cancer-free individuals. On the other hand, patients not responding to therapy maintained low expression levels in their second sampling (miR-122-5p: plasma: p=0.05, EVs: p=0.007; miR-142-5p: plasma: p=0.008). Besides, overexpression of miR-122-5p and miR-142-5p in RC cell lines inhibited cell growth and survival. This study provides novel evidence that circulating miR-122-5p and miR-142-5p have a high potential for RC screening and early detection as well as for the assessment of patients' outcomes and the effectiveness of treatment schedule.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Klara Cervena
- Department of Molecular Biology of Cancer, Institute of Experimental Medicine of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czechia.,Institute of Biology and Medical Genetics, 1stMedical Faculty, Charles University, Prague, Czechia
| | - Vendula Novosadova
- Czech Centre for Phenogenomics, Institute of Molecular Genetics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Vestec, Prague, Czechia
| | - Barbara Pardini
- Molecular Genetics Epidemiology Unit, Italian Institute for Genomic Medicine, c/o IRCCS Candiolo,, Turin, Italy.,Candiolo Cancer Institute, FPO-IRCCS, Candiolo, Italy
| | - Alessio Naccarati
- Molecular Genetics Epidemiology Unit, Italian Institute for Genomic Medicine, c/o IRCCS Candiolo,, Turin, Italy.,Candiolo Cancer Institute, FPO-IRCCS, Candiolo, Italy
| | - Alena Opattova
- Department of Molecular Biology of Cancer, Institute of Experimental Medicine of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czechia.,Institute of Biology and Medical Genetics, 1stMedical Faculty, Charles University, Prague, Czechia.,Biomedical Centre, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University, Pilsen, Czechia
| | - Josef Horak
- Department of Molecular Biology of Cancer, Institute of Experimental Medicine of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czechia.,Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czechia
| | - Sona Vodenkova
- Department of Molecular Biology of Cancer, Institute of Experimental Medicine of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czechia.,Biomedical Centre, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University, Pilsen, Czechia
| | - Tomas Buchler
- Department of Oncology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and Thomayer Hospital, Prague, Czechia
| | - Pavel Skrobanek
- Department of Oncology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and Thomayer Hospital, Prague, Czechia
| | - Miroslav Levy
- Department of Surgery, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and Thomayer Hospital, Prague, Czechia
| | - Pavel Vodicka
- Department of Molecular Biology of Cancer, Institute of Experimental Medicine of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czechia.,Institute of Biology and Medical Genetics, 1stMedical Faculty, Charles University, Prague, Czechia.,Biomedical Centre, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University, Pilsen, Czechia
| | - Veronika Vymetalkova
- Department of Molecular Biology of Cancer, Institute of Experimental Medicine of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czechia.,Institute of Biology and Medical Genetics, 1stMedical Faculty, Charles University, Prague, Czechia.,Biomedical Centre, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University, Pilsen, Czechia
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Ahluwalia P, Kolhe R, Gahlay GK. The clinical relevance of gene expression based prognostic signatures in colorectal cancer. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2021; 1875:188513. [PMID: 33493614 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2021.188513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2020] [Revised: 01/14/2021] [Accepted: 01/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most prevalent cancers, with more than one million new cases every year. In the last few decades, several advancements in therapeutic and preventative levels have reduced the mortality rate, but new biomarkers are required for improved prognosis. The alterations at the genetic and epigenetic level have been recognized as major players in tumorigenesis. The products of gene expression in the form of mRNA, microRNA, and long-noncoding RNA, have started to emerge as important regulatory molecules, playing an important role in cancer. Gene-expression based prognostic risk scores, which quantify and compare their expression, have emerged as promising biomarkers with enormous clinical value. These composite multi-gene models in which more than one gene is used to predict prognosis have been shown to be significantly effective in identifying patients with multiple clinico-pathological risks like overall mortality, response to chemotherapy, risk of metastasis, etc. The advent of microarray and advanced sequencing technologies have led to the generation of large datasets like TCGA (The Cancer Genome Atlas) and GEO (Gene Expression Omnibus), which have fueled the search for new biomarkers. Continuous evaluation of these candidate biomarkers in clinical settings is promising to improve the management of CRC. These composite gene signatures provide potential in identifying high-risk patients, which might help clinicians to better manage these patients and design appropriate personalized therapeutic interventions. In this review, we emphasize on composite prognostic scores from diverse resources with clinical utility in CRC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pankaj Ahluwalia
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, India; Department of Pathology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Ravindra Kolhe
- Department of Pathology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Gagandeep K Gahlay
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, India.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Shiosaki J, Tiirikainen M, Peplowska K, Shaeffer D, Machida M, Sakamoto K, Takahashi M, Kojima K, Machi J, Bryant-Greenwood P, Kuwada SK. Serum micro-RNA Identifies Early Stage Colorectal Cancer in a Multi-Ethnic Population. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2020; 21:3019-3026. [PMID: 33112562 PMCID: PMC7798181 DOI: 10.31557/apjcp.2020.21.10.3019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Certain microRNAs (miR) have been previously described to be dysregulated in cancers and can be detected in blood samples. Studies examining the utility of miRs for colon cancer screening have primarily been performed in ethnically homogeneous groups of patients, thus the performance of miRs in multiethnic populations is unknown. METHODS Four miRs were selected that were shown to be aberrantly expressed in the blood or stool of patients with colorectal cancer (CRC) of various ethnicities. In this study, the ability of these miRs to discern early stage CRC was determined in a previously untested multiethnic population of 73 CRC cases and 18 controls. RESULTS The ratios of non-vesicular to extracellular vesicular levels of miR's -21, -29a, and -92a were statistically and quantitatively related to CRC stage compared to controls. CONCLUSION Serum levels of miR-21, miR-29a and miR-92a were able to significantly detect early stage CRC in a multiethnic and previously untested population.<br />.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Shiosaki
- John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii, 651 Ilalo Street, MEB, Honolulu, Hawaii, United States
| | - Maarit Tiirikainen
- University of Hawaii Cancer Center, 01 Ilalo Street, Honolulu, Hawaii, United States
| | - Karolina Peplowska
- University of Hawaii Cancer Center, 01 Ilalo Street, Honolulu, Hawaii, United States
| | - David Shaeffer
- John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii, 651 Ilalo Street, MEB, Honolulu, Hawaii, United States
| | - Michio Machida
- Juntendo University, 3-1-3 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | | | - Kuniaki Kojima
- Juntendo University, 3-1-3 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Junji Machi
- John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii, 651 Ilalo Street, MEB, Honolulu, Hawaii, United States
| | | | - Scott K Kuwada
- John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii, 651 Ilalo Street, MEB, Honolulu, Hawaii, United States.,University of Hawaii Cancer Center, 01 Ilalo Street, Honolulu, Hawaii, United States
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Janssen E, Subtil B, de la Jara Ortiz F, Verheul HMW, Tauriello DVF. Combinatorial Immunotherapies for Metastatic Colorectal Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12071875. [PMID: 32664619 PMCID: PMC7408881 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12071875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2020] [Revised: 07/06/2020] [Accepted: 07/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most frequent and deadly forms of cancer. About half of patients are affected by metastasis, with the cancer spreading to e.g., liver, lungs or the peritoneum. The majority of these patients cannot be cured despite steady advances in treatment options. Immunotherapies are currently not widely applicable for this disease, yet show potential in preclinical models and clinical translation. The tumour microenvironment (TME) has emerged as a key factor in CRC metastasis, including by means of immune evasion-forming a major barrier to effective immuno-oncology. Several approaches are in development that aim to overcome the immunosuppressive environment and boost anti-tumour immunity. Among them are vaccination strategies, cellular transplantation therapies, and targeted treatments. Given the complexity of the system, we argue for rational design of combinatorial therapies and consider the implications of precision medicine in this context.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eline Janssen
- Department of Cell Biology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, PO Box 9101, 6500 HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands; (E.J.); (B.S.); (F.d.l.J.O.)
| | - Beatriz Subtil
- Department of Cell Biology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, PO Box 9101, 6500 HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands; (E.J.); (B.S.); (F.d.l.J.O.)
| | - Fàtima de la Jara Ortiz
- Department of Cell Biology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, PO Box 9101, 6500 HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands; (E.J.); (B.S.); (F.d.l.J.O.)
| | - Henk M. W. Verheul
- Department of Medical Oncology, Radboud University Medical Center, PO Box 9101, 6500 HBNijmegen, The Netherlands;
| | - Daniele V. F. Tauriello
- Department of Cell Biology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, PO Box 9101, 6500 HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands; (E.J.); (B.S.); (F.d.l.J.O.)
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Immunotherapy, Inflammation and Colorectal Cancer. Cells 2020; 9:cells9030618. [PMID: 32143413 PMCID: PMC7140520 DOI: 10.3390/cells9030618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 138] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2020] [Revised: 02/29/2020] [Accepted: 03/03/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common cancer type, and third highest in mortality rates among cancer-related deaths in the United States. Originating from intestinal epithelial cells in the colon and rectum, that are impacted by numerous factors including genetics, environment and chronic, lingering inflammation, CRC can be a problematic malignancy to treat when detected at advanced stages. Chemotherapeutic agents serve as the historical first line of defense in the treatment of metastatic CRC. In recent years, however, combinational treatment with targeted therapies, such as vascular endothelial growth factor, or epidermal growth factor receptor inhibitors, has proven to be quite effective in patients with specific CRC subtypes. While scientific and clinical advances have uncovered promising new treatment options, the five-year survival rate for metastatic CRC is still low at about 14%. Current research into the efficacy of immunotherapy, particularly immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy (ICI) in mismatch repair deficient and microsatellite instability high (dMMR-MSI-H) CRC tumors have shown promising results, but its use in other CRC subtypes has been either unsuccessful, or not extensively explored. This Review will focus on the current status of immunotherapies, including ICI, vaccination and adoptive T cell therapy (ATC) in the treatment of CRC and its potential use, not only in dMMR-MSI-H CRC, but also in mismatch repair proficient and microsatellite instability low (pMMR-MSI-L).
Collapse
|
15
|
Li J, Wei L, Han Z, Chen Z, Zhang Q. Long non-coding RNA X-inactive specific transcript silencing ameliorates primary graft dysfunction following lung transplantation through microRNA-21-dependent mechanism. EBioMedicine 2020; 52:102600. [PMID: 31981974 PMCID: PMC6976928 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2019.102600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2019] [Revised: 11/25/2019] [Accepted: 12/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Primary graft dysfunction (PGD) is a known acute lung injury (ALI) and a major cause of fatality post-lung transplantation. Though some long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been studied in ALI through regulation of microRNAs (miRNAs), their effects on PGD remain undefined. The present study aims to explore the underlying mechanism of lncRNA X-inactive specific transcript (XIST) in PGD after lung transplantation. Methods Initially, the expression of miR-21, IL-12A and XIST was determined by RT-qPCR and western blot analysis. The dual luciferase reporter assay, RNA pull-down and RIP assay were performed to identify the targeting relationship between miR-21 and IL-12A and the binding relationship between miR-21 and XIST. Loss- and gain-of-function investigations were conducted in rats treated with prolonged cold ischemia and polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMNs). Findings miR-21 was decreased, whilst XIST and IL-12A were increased in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid of PGD patients after lung transplantation. Enhanced miR-21 expression in rats and PMNs resulted in downregulated expression of pro-inflammatory factors and chemokines, and enhanced the apoptosis of PMNs. XIST was found to upregulate IL-12A expression in a miR-21-dependent manner. Additionally, XIST silencing enhanced the apoptosis of PMNs and inhibited the neutrophil extracellular trap (NET) formation through upregulation of miR-21 but downregulation of IL-12A in vivo. Interpretation In summary, lncRNA XIST upregulates IL-12A by binding to miR-21, thereby inducing NET formation and accelerating PGD after lung transplantation. This suggests that inhibition of XIST and NET may be beneficial for the treatment of PGD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiwei Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou University People's Hospital, Henan University People's Hospital, Zhengzhou 450003, PR China
| | - Li Wei
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou University People's Hospital, Henan University People's Hospital, Zhengzhou 450003, PR China.
| | - Zhijun Han
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou University People's Hospital, Henan University People's Hospital, Zhengzhou 450003, PR China
| | - Zhong Chen
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou University People's Hospital, Henan University People's Hospital, Zhengzhou 450003, PR China
| | - Quan Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou University People's Hospital, Henan University People's Hospital, Zhengzhou 450003, PR China
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Arnold KM, Opdenaker LM, Flynn NJ, Appeah DK, Sims-Mourtada J. Radiation induces an inflammatory response that results in STAT3-dependent changes in cellular plasticity and radioresistance of breast cancer stem-like cells. Int J Radiat Biol 2020; 96:434-447. [PMID: 31850822 DOI: 10.1080/09553002.2020.1705423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Purpose: Pro-inflammatory cytokines within the tumor microenvironment, such as IL-6, contribute to the maintenance of stem cells and promote their survival following treatment. The IL-6/STAT3 pathway is a key regulator of genes involved in cancer progression. Activation of STAT3 promotes expansion of cancer stem cells in triple negative breast cancer. Radiation has also been shown to expand cancer stem cell populations and can induce stemness in nonstem cells. However, the role of IL-6/STAT3 in radiation-induced changes in cellular plasticity is unclear.Materials and methods: Expression and secretion of IL-6 from triple-negative breast cancer cell lines SUM159PT and MDA-MB-231 were determined after radiation treatment by real-time PCR and ELISA. Activation of STAT3 after radiation was determined by western blotting. Changes in cellular plasticity induced by radiation were determined by examining ALDEFLUOR activity, gene expression analysis of aldehyde dehydrogenase isoforms and mammosphere forming assays with and without the addition of STAT3 inhibitors. To determine the effect of radiation on nonstem cell populations, experiments were also carried out in ALDEFLUOR sorted cells.Results: Radiation induced an inflammatory response in both cell lines that resulted in activation of STAT3. Additionally, radiation induced a stem-like state as evidenced by an increased activity and expression of the ALDH isoforms ALDH1A1 and ALDH1A3, and increased self-renewal capabilities. Radiation increased ALDH activity and self-renewal in non-stem cell (ALDH-) populations, suggesting radiation-induced cellular reprograming. However, inhibition of STAT3 blocked the radiation-induced stem-like state in both ALDEFLUOR positive and negative populations, and enhanced radiosensitivity.Conclusions: Radiation-induced changes in cellular plasticity are STAT3 dependent and may be a potential target to reduce radioresistance in TNBC and improve treatment outcome.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kimberly M Arnold
- Center for Translational Cancer Research, Helen F Graham Cancer Center and Research Institute, Christiana Care Health Services, Inc, Newark, DE, USA.,Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, The University of Delaware, Newark, DE, USA
| | - Lynn M Opdenaker
- Center for Translational Cancer Research, Helen F Graham Cancer Center and Research Institute, Christiana Care Health Services, Inc, Newark, DE, USA.,Department of Biological Sciences, The University of Delaware, Newark, DE, USA
| | - Nicole J Flynn
- Center for Translational Cancer Research, Helen F Graham Cancer Center and Research Institute, Christiana Care Health Services, Inc, Newark, DE, USA.,Department of Biological Sciences, The University of Delaware, Newark, DE, USA
| | - Daniel Kwesi Appeah
- Center for Translational Cancer Research, Helen F Graham Cancer Center and Research Institute, Christiana Care Health Services, Inc, Newark, DE, USA.,Department of Biological Sciences, The University of Delaware, Newark, DE, USA
| | - Jennifer Sims-Mourtada
- Center for Translational Cancer Research, Helen F Graham Cancer Center and Research Institute, Christiana Care Health Services, Inc, Newark, DE, USA.,Department of Biological Sciences, The University of Delaware, Newark, DE, USA
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Yu M, Yu HL, Li QH, Zhang L, Chen YX. miR-4709 overexpression facilitates cancer proliferation and invasion via downregulating NR3C2 and is an unfavorable prognosis factor in colon adenocarcinoma. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2019; 33:e22411. [PMID: 31621980 DOI: 10.1002/jbt.22411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2019] [Revised: 08/14/2019] [Accepted: 10/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
To date, microRNA-4709 (miR-4709) has not been studied in colon adenocarcinoma (COAD) on the basis of experiments. In our study, we aimed to investigate the biological roles and clinical significance of miR-4709 in COAD. The expression difference between miR-4709 and NR3C2 was measured based on The Cancer Genome Atlas database and cells. Kaplan-Meier and logrank tests were applied to determine the overall survival (OS) differences according to the miR-4709 and NR3C2 expression levels. To measure whether the miR-4709 level was associated with COAD cell growth, migration, and invasion, we respectively conducted 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide, wound healing, and transwell assays. A luciferase reporter assay was applied to confirm the relationship between miR-4709 and its predicted target. High expression of miR-4709 was found in COAD tissues and cells. The OS rate in the miR-4709 low expression group was significantly higher than that in the miR-4709 high expression group. Univariate and multivariate analyses exhibited that miR-4709 expression was an independent adverse prognostic factor. Exogenous miR-4709 overexpression promoted proliferation, migration, and invasion of LOVO and SW480 cells. Bioinformatics analysis and luciferase assay demonstrated that miR-4709 directly binds to the 3'-untranslated region of NR3C2. NR3C2 was lowly expressed in COAD and high expression of NR3C2 had a better prognosis compared with that in the low expression of NR3C2. Correlation analysis showed that there is a close association between the level of expression of NR3C2 and miR-4709. Accordingly, miR-4709 may function as an oncogene in COAD and provide a preclinical proof for candidate management to target new miR-4709-NR3C2 signaling for COAD therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Miao Yu
- Department of Colorectal and Anal Surgery, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Hua-Long Yu
- Department of Colorectal and Anal Surgery, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Quan-Hui Li
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Li Zhang
- Department of Colorectal and Anal Surgery, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Yu-Xin Chen
- Department of General Surgery, Qilu Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Cui G. T H9, T H17, and T H22 Cell Subsets and Their Main Cytokine Products in the Pathogenesis of Colorectal Cancer. Front Oncol 2019; 9:1002. [PMID: 31637216 PMCID: PMC6787935 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2019.01002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2019] [Accepted: 09/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent years, several newly identified T helper (TH) cell subsets, such as TH9, TH17, and TH22 cells, and their respective cytokine products, IL-9, IL-17, and IL-22, have been reported to play critical roles in the development of chronic inflammation in the colorectum. Since chronic inflammation is a potent driving force for the development of human colorectal cancer (CRC), the contributions of TH9/IL-9, TH17/IL-17, and TH22/IL-22 in the pathogenesis of CRC have recently become an increasingly popular area of scientific investigation. Extensive laboratory and clinical evidence suggests a positive relationship between these new TH subsets and the growth and formation of CRC, whereas, administration of IL-9, IL-17, and IL-22 signaling inhibitors can significantly alter the formation of colorectal chronic inflammation or CRC lesions in animal models, suggesting that blocking these cytokine signals might represent promising immunotherapeutic strategies. This review summarizes recent findings and currently available data for understanding the vital role and therapeutic significance of TH9/IL-9, TH17/IL-17, and TH22/IL-22 in the development of colorectal tumorigenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guanglin Cui
- Research Group of Gastrointestinal Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,Faculty of Health Science, Nord University, Levanger, Norway
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Lung tumorspheres reveal cancer stem cell-like properties and a score with prognostic impact in resected non-small-cell lung cancer. Cell Death Dis 2019; 10:660. [PMID: 31506430 PMCID: PMC6737160 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-019-1898-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2019] [Revised: 07/22/2019] [Accepted: 08/26/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The high resistance against current therapies found in non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) has been associated to cancer stem-like cells (CSCs), a population for which the identification of targets and biomarkers is still under development. In this study, primary cultures from early-stage NSCLC patients were established, using sphere-forming assays for CSC enrichment and adherent conditions for the control counterparts. Patient-derived tumorspheres showed self-renewal and unlimited exponential growth potentials, resistance against chemotherapeutic agents, invasion and differentiation capacities in vitro, and superior tumorigenic potential in vivo. Using quantitative PCR, gene expression profiles were analyzed and NANOG, NOTCH3, CD44, CDKN1A, SNAI1, and ITGA6 were selected to distinguish tumorspheres from adherent cells. Immunoblot and immunofluorescence analyses confirmed that proteins encoded by these genes were consistently increased in tumorspheres from adenocarcinoma patients and showed differential localization and expression patterns. The prognostic role of genes significantly overexpressed in tumorspheres was evaluated in a NSCLC cohort (N = 661) from The Cancer Genome Atlas. Based on a Cox regression analysis, CDKN1A, SNAI1, and ITGA6 were found to be associated with prognosis and used to calculate a gene expression score, named CSC score. Kaplan–Meier survival analysis showed that patients with high CSC score have shorter overall survival (OS) in the entire cohort [37.7 vs. 60.4 months (mo), p = 0.001] and the adenocarcinoma subcohort [36.6 vs. 53.5 mo, p = 0.003], but not in the squamous cell carcinoma one. Multivariate analysis indicated that this gene expression score is an independent biomarker of prognosis for OS in both the entire cohort [hazard ratio (HR): 1.498; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.167–1.922; p = 0.001] and the adenocarcinoma subcohort [HR: 1.869; 95% CI, 1.275–2.738; p = 0.001]. This score was also analyzed in an independent cohort of 114 adenocarcinoma patients, confirming its prognostic value [42.90 vs. not reached (NR) mo, p = 0.020]. In conclusion, our findings provide relevant prognostic information for lung adenocarcinoma patients and the basis for developing novel therapies. Further studies are required to identify suitable markers and targets for lung squamous cell carcinoma patients.
Collapse
|
20
|
Dehghan F, Boozarpour S, Torabizadeh Z, Alijanpour S. miR-21: a promising biomarker for the early detection of colon cancer. Onco Targets Ther 2019; 12:5601-5607. [PMID: 31371997 PMCID: PMC6628966 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s199508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2018] [Accepted: 05/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose The aim of this study was to compare the expression of miR-21 gene in stages II-IV of formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissue in patients with colon cancer and introduce miR-21 as a potential molecular marker for detection of colon cancer in the early stages. Introduction Currently, identification of key molecules involved in the pathogenesis of cancer is one of the areas under consideration. miRNAs, are small RNAs which have been identified in many cancers. In this study, we investigated the expression of miR-21 in three pathologic stages in patients with colon cancer in the north of Iran. Patients and methods A total of 40 FFPE samples were obtained from patients with stages II, III, and IV from hospitals in Mazandaran and Golestan provinces. After extraction of RNA, treatment with DNase I and cDNA synthesis was performed and miR-21 expression was assessed by qPCR. Then, the data were analyzed using statistical software R (3.4.3). Results The expression of miR-21 in stage II was significantly different from stage IV. However, no significant difference was observed between the other stages. In stage II, the level of miR-21 expression was higher in men than women. Moreover, in the second pathological stage, miR-21 expression was reduced in patients with adjacent lymphoid tissue engagement. In addition, the expression of miR-21 in grade I was significantly higher than grade II. Conclusion The results of this study suggest that miR-21 can be a diagnostic marker for early stages of colon cancer, especially in men. It can also be considered as a good candidate for targeted treatment of colon cancer in the early stages of the disease. Furthermore, for the first time, we suggested that miR-21 can be a good molecular marker for classification of the stages of colon cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Farnaz Dehghan
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Gonbad kavous University, Gonbad kavous, Golestan, Iran
| | - Sohrab Boozarpour
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Gonbad kavous University, Gonbad kavous, Golestan, Iran
| | - Zhila Torabizadeh
- Department of Medical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Sari University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Mazandaran, Iran
| | - Sakineh Alijanpour
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Gonbad kavous University, Gonbad kavous, Golestan, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Yang ZH, Dang YQ, Ji G. Role of epigenetics in transformation of inflammation into colorectal cancer. World J Gastroenterol 2019; 25:2863-2877. [PMID: 31249445 PMCID: PMC6589733 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v25.i23.2863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2019] [Revised: 04/24/2019] [Accepted: 05/08/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Molecular mechanisms associated with inflammation-promoted tumorigenesis have become an important topic in cancer research. Various abnormal epigenetic changes, including DNA methylation, histone modification, chromatin remodeling, and noncoding RNA regulation, occur during the transformation of chronic inflammation into colorectal cancer (CRC). These changes not only accelerate transformation but also lead to cancer progression and metastasis by activating carcinogenic signaling pathways. The NF-κB and STAT3 signaling pathways play a particularly important role in the transformation of inflammation into CRC, and both are critical to cellular signal transduction and constantly activated in cancer by various abnormal changes including epigenetics. The NF-κB and STAT3 signals contribute to the microenvironment for tumorigenesis through secretion of a large number of pro-inflammatory cytokines and their crosstalk in the nucleus makes it even more difficult to treat CRC. Compared with gene mutation that is irreversible, epigenetic inheritance is reversible or can be altered by the intervention. Therefore, understanding the role of epigenetic inheritance in the inflammation-cancer transformation may elucidate the pathogenesis of CRC and promote the development of innovative drugs targeting transformation to prevent and treat this malignancy. This review summarizes the literature on the roles of epigenetic mechanisms in the occurrence and development of inflammation-induced CRC. Exploring the role of epigenetics in the transformation of inflammation into CRC may help stimulate futures studies on the role of molecular therapy in CRC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhen-Hua Yang
- Institute of Digestive Diseases, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200032, China
- Digestive Endoscopy Department, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Yan-Qi Dang
- Institute of Digestive Diseases, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Guang Ji
- Institute of Digestive Diseases, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200032, China
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Zhang H, Guo L, Zhang Z, Sun Y, Kang H, Song C, Liu H, Lei Z, Wang J, Mi B, Xu Q, Guan H, Li F. Co-Expression Network Analysis Identified Gene Signatures in Osteosarcoma as a Predictive Tool for Lung Metastasis and Survival. J Cancer 2019; 10:3706-3716. [PMID: 31333788 PMCID: PMC6636290 DOI: 10.7150/jca.32092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2018] [Accepted: 05/04/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteosarcoma (OS) is the most common primary bone tumor, whose poor prognosis is mainly due to lung metastasis. The aim of this study is to build a practical and valid diagnostic test that can predict the risk of OS metastasis and progression. We performed weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) on GSE21257 from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database, which contains microarray data of biopsies from OS patients. In these modules, the highest association was found between the blue module and metastasis stage (r = -0.52) by Pearson's correlation analysis. Based on Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator (LASSO) Cox regression, we derived eight clinically significant genes and constructed an eight-gene signature for metastasis status. It showed great efficacy to distinguish metastasis from non-metastasis (AUC = 0.886) and the results were validated in The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. Functional enrichment analysis of hub genes showed that their biological processes focused on immune-related pathways, suggesting the important roles of immune cells, immune pathways and the tumor microenvironment in metastasis development. In conclusion, we discovered an efficient gene signature with great efficacy to distinguish metastasis status, which may help improve early diagnosis and treatment, enhancing the clinical outcomes of OS patients. Besides we created an effective protocol to seek for several hub genes in high-throughput data by combining WGCNA and LASSO Cox regression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Honghua Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095#, Jiefang Ave, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Linwei Guo
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer in Shanghai, Department of Breast Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Zheng Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095#, Jiefang Ave, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Yunlong Sun
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095#, Jiefang Ave, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Honglei Kang
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095#, Jiefang Ave, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Chao Song
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095#, Jiefang Ave, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Huiyong Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095#, Jiefang Ave, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Zhuowei Lei
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095#, Jiefang Ave, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Jia Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095#, Jiefang Ave, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Baoguo Mi
- Department of Spine Surgery, Honghui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University College of Medicine, No. 76 Nanguo Road, Xi'an, 710054, Shanxi, China
| | - Qian Xu
- Department of Hematology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095#, Jiefang Ave., Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Hanfeng Guan
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095#, Jiefang Ave, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Feng Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095#, Jiefang Ave, Wuhan, 430030, China
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Mevizou R, Sirvent A, Roche S. Control of Tyrosine Kinase Signalling by Small Adaptors in Colorectal Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:cancers11050669. [PMID: 31091767 PMCID: PMC6562749 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11050669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2019] [Revised: 05/09/2019] [Accepted: 05/12/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Tyrosine kinases (TKs) phosphorylate proteins on tyrosine residues as an intracellular signalling mechanism to coordinate intestinal epithelial cell communication and fate decision. Deregulation of their activity is ultimately connected with carcinogenesis. In colorectal cancer (CRC), it is still unclear how aberrant TK activities contribute to tumour formation because TK-encoding genes are not frequently mutated in this cancer. In vertebrates, several TKs are under the control of small adaptor proteins with potential important physiopathological roles. For instance, they can exert tumour suppressor functions in human cancer by targeting several components of the oncogenic TK signalling cascades. Here, we review how the Src-like adaptor protein (SLAP) and the suppressor of cytokine signalling (SOCS) adaptor proteins regulate the SRC and the Janus kinase (JAK) oncogenic pathways, respectively, and how their loss of function in the intestinal epithelium may influence tumour formation. We also discuss the potential therapeutic value of these adaptors in CRC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rudy Mevizou
- CRBM, CNRS, Univ. Montpellier, "Equipe labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer", F-34000 Montpellier, France.
| | - Audrey Sirvent
- CRBM, CNRS, Univ. Montpellier, "Equipe labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer", F-34000 Montpellier, France.
| | - Serge Roche
- CRBM, CNRS, Univ. Montpellier, "Equipe labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer", F-34000 Montpellier, France.
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Muderris TK, Gul F, Doblan A, Ergin M, Muderris T. Role of T-helper 17 cell related cytokines in laryngeal cancer. J Laryngol Otol 2019; 133:394-398. [PMID: 31006415 DOI: 10.1017/s0022215119000689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To explore the role of T-helper 17 cells and their cascade in the pathogenesis of laryngeal cancer. METHODS Prospectively, 110 consecutive patients with a suspicious laryngeal lesion were evaluated for serum levels of T-helper 17 cell related interleukins, including interleukins 23, 17A and 22, determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The patients were divided into 2 groups after pathological evaluation: 49 patients with malignancy and 61 with benign pathology. Associations between interleukin levels and malignancy were determined via correlation analyses. RESULTS Interleukin 17A and 22 levels were significantly higher in the malignancy group than the benign lesion group. Pearson correlation analysis showed that interleukins 17A and 22 acted in a cascade, but interleukin 23 did not. According to predictive values, interleukin 17A levels were 3.87 times and interleukin 22 levels were 1.09 times more likely to be associated with laryngeal cancer. The cut-off values for predicting laryngeal cancer were 3.55 pg/ml for interleukin 17A and 119.82 pg/ml for interleukin 22. CONCLUSION T-helper 17 cell related interleukins are potential biomarkers that may be helpful in diagnosing laryngeal cancer. Moreover, these data may support neutralisation of T-helper 17 cell related cytokine activity, which could be an attractive strategy for treating laryngeal cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- T K Muderris
- Department of Microbiology,Izmir Ataturk Training and Research Hospital,Izmir,Turkey
| | - F Gul
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology,Head and Neck Surgery,Yıldırım Beyazıt University School of Medicine,Ankara,Turkey
| | - A Doblan
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology,Head and Neck Surgery,Mehmet Akif Inan Training and Research Hospital,Sanliurfa,Turkey
| | - M Ergin
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry,Gaziantep 25 Aralık State Hospital,Gaziantep,Turkey
| | - T Muderris
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology,Head and Neck Surgery,Izmir Bozyaka Training and Research Hospital,Izmir,Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Liu Y, Song Y, Lin D, Lei L, Mei Y, Jin Z, Gong H, Zhu Y, Hu B, Zhang Y, Zhao L, Teo HY, Qiu J, Jiang W, Dong C, Wu D, Huang Y, Liu H. NCR - group 3 innate lymphoid cells orchestrate IL-23/IL-17 axis to promote hepatocellular carcinoma development. EBioMedicine 2019; 41:333-344. [PMID: 30827928 PMCID: PMC6443584 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2019.02.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2018] [Revised: 02/08/2019] [Accepted: 02/22/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) are a newly discovered family of immune cells that have similar cytokine-secreting profiles as T helper cell subsets. Although ILCs are critical for host defense against infections and tissue homeostasis, their roles in tumor development are not well established. Methods We studied the function of ILC3 cells in the liver for the development of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in murine HCC models using flow cytometry, adoptive transfer, and in vitro functional assays. Findings We found that ILC3 lacking the natural cytotoxicity-triggering receptor (NCR−ILC3) promoted the development of HCC in response to interleukin 23 (IL-23). IL-23 serum level is elevated in HCC patients and its high expression is associated with poor clinical outcomes. We found that IL-23 could promote tumor development in murine HCC tumor models. IL-23 promoted the expansion of NCR−ILC3 and its differentiation from group 1 ILCs (ILC1s). Furthermore, NCR−ILC3 initiated IL-17 production upon IL-23 stimulation and directly inhibited CD8+ T cell immunity by promoting lymphocyte apoptosis and limiting their proliferation. Interpretation Together, our findings suggest that NCR−ILC3 initiates the IL-17-rich immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment and promotes the development of HCC, thus may serve as a promising target for future cancer immunotherapy. Fund This work was supported by grants from National Natural Science Foundation of China (81471586, 81571556), the Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, the collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, start-up grant from National University of Singapore, the Cancer Prevention and Research Institute of Texas CPRIT (RR180017), and the National Cancer Institute's Cancer Center Support (Core) Grant CA016672 (to The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yonghao Liu
- Institute of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China; Cyrus Tang Hematology Center, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Yuan Song
- Immunology Programme, Life Sciences Institute and Department of Microbiology and Immunology, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117456, Singapore
| | - Dandan Lin
- Institute of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China
| | - Lei Lei
- Institute of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China
| | - Yu Mei
- Immunology Programme, Life Sciences Institute and Department of Microbiology and Immunology, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117456, Singapore
| | - Ziqi Jin
- Institute of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China
| | - Huanle Gong
- Institute of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China
| | - Ying Zhu
- Institute of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China
| | - Bo Hu
- Institute of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China
| | - Yinsheng Zhang
- Institute of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China
| | - Lixiang Zhao
- Institute of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China
| | - Huey Yee Teo
- Immunology Programme, Life Sciences Institute and Department of Microbiology and Immunology, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117456, Singapore
| | - Ju Qiu
- The Key Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Wen Jiang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Chen Dong
- Institute of Immunology and School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Depei Wu
- Institute of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China.
| | - Yuhui Huang
- Cyrus Tang Hematology Center, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China.
| | - Haiyan Liu
- Immunology Programme, Life Sciences Institute and Department of Microbiology and Immunology, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117456, Singapore.
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Varkaris A, Katsiampoura A, Davis JS, Shah N, Lam M, Frias RL, Ivan C, Shimizu M, Morris J, Menter D, Overman M, Tran H, Heymach J, Chun YS, Vauthey JN, Calin G, Kopetz S. Circulating inflammation signature predicts overall survival and relapse-free survival in metastatic colorectal cancer. Br J Cancer 2019; 120:340-345. [PMID: 30636774 PMCID: PMC6353894 DOI: 10.1038/s41416-018-0360-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2018] [Revised: 10/03/2018] [Accepted: 11/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) is a highly heterogeneous disease from a clinical, molecular, and immunological perspective. Current predictive models rely primarily in tissue based genetic analysis, which not always correlate with inflammatory response. Here we evaluated the role of a circulating inflammatory signature as a prognostic marker in mCRC. METHODS Two hundred eleven newly diagnosed patients with mCRC were enrolled in the study. One hundred twenty-one patients had unresectable metastases, whereas ninety patients had potentially resectable liver metastases at presentation. Analysis of miR-21, IL-6, and IL-8 in the plasma of peripheral blood was performed at baseline. Patients with high circulating levels of ≥2 of the three inflammation markers (miR-21, IL-6, and IL-8) were considered to have the "Inflammation phenotype-positive CISIG". RESULTS Positive CISIG was found in 39/90 (43%) and 50/121 (45%) patients in the resectable and unresectable cohort, respectively. In the resectable population the median relapse-free survival was 18.4 compared to 31.4 months (p = 0.001 HR 2.09, 95% CI 1.2-3.67) for positive vs. negative CISIG. In contrast, the individual components were not significant. In the same population the median overall survival was 46.2 compared to 66.0 months (p = 0.0003, HR 2.57, 95% CI 1.26-5.27) for positive vs. negative CISIG, but not significant for the individual components. In the unresectable population, the median overall survival was 13.5 compared to 25.0 months (p = 0.0008, HR 2.49, 95% CI 1.46-4.22) for positive vs. negative CISIG. IL-6 was independently prognostic with overall survival of 16.2 compared to 27.0 months (p = 0.004, HR 1.96, 95% CI 1.24-3.11) for high vs. low IL-6, but not the other components. Using a Cox regression model, we demonstrated that CISIG is an independent predictive marker of survival in patients with unresectable disease (HR 1.8, 95% CI 1.2, 2.8, p < 0.01). CONCLUSION In two different cohorts, we demonstrated that CISIG is a strong prognostic factor of relapse-free and overall survival of patients with mCRC. Based on these data, analysis of circulating inflammatory signaling can be complimentary to traditional molecular testing.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Varkaris
- Department of Hematology Oncology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Anastasia Katsiampoura
- Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, Division of Cancer Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
- St. Elizabeth's Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jennifer S Davis
- Department of Epidemiology, Division of Cancer Prevention and Population Sciences, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Neeraj Shah
- Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, Division of Cancer Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Michael Lam
- Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, Division of Cancer Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Rosa Lizeth Frias
- Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, Division of Cancer Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Cristina Ivan
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, Division of Basic Science Research, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Masayoshi Shimizu
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, Division of Basic Science Research, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Jeffrey Morris
- Department of Biostatistics, Division of Science, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - David Menter
- Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, Division of Cancer Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Michael Overman
- Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, Division of Cancer Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Hai Tran
- Department of Thoracic/Head and Neck Medical Oncology - Research, Division of Cancer Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - John Heymach
- Department of Thoracic/Head and Neck Medical Oncology, Division of Cancer Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Yun Shin Chun
- Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Section, Department of Surgical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Jean-Nicolas Vauthey
- Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Section, Department of Surgical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - George Calin
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, Division of Basic Science Research, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Scott Kopetz
- Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, Division of Cancer Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Razi S, Baradaran Noveiry B, Keshavarz-Fathi M, Rezaei N. IL-17 and colorectal cancer: From carcinogenesis to treatment. Cytokine 2019; 116:7-12. [PMID: 30684916 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2018.12.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2018] [Revised: 12/03/2018] [Accepted: 12/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common types of cancer in the world. Several factors contribute to the development of this cancer. Tumor formation in colon triggers immune responses such as immune cells proliferation, phenotype alteration, cytokine synthesis and release, which lead to IL-17 producing T cells, the differentiated CD4+ T cells i.e. T helper 17. IL-17 is a pro-inflammatory cytokine, which its level is up regulated in serum and tissues of CRC patients. Several studies have shown that IL-17 has an important role in metastasis and prognosis of CRC. The aim of this review is to summarize the role of this cytokine in tumorigenesis, angiogenesis and metastasis of CRC and discuss its value in diagnosis, prognosis and treatment of CRC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sepideh Razi
- Cancer Immunology Project (CIP), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran; Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Behnoud Baradaran Noveiry
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA; Cancer Immunology Project (CIP), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Mahsa Keshavarz-Fathi
- Cancer Immunology Project (CIP), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran; Students' Scientific Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Research Center for Immunodeficiencies, Children's Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nima Rezaei
- Research Center for Immunodeficiencies, Children's Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Cancer Immunology Project (CIP), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Sheffield, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Del Cornò M, Conti L, Gessani S. Innate Lymphocytes in Adipose Tissue Homeostasis and Their Alterations in Obesity and Colorectal Cancer. Front Immunol 2018; 9:2556. [PMID: 30455701 PMCID: PMC6230679 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.02556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2018] [Accepted: 10/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common cancer worldwide and a leading cause of death, with burden expected to increase in the coming years. Enhanced adiposity, particularly visceral fat, is associated with increased cancer incidence representing an important indicator of survival, prognosis, recurrence rates, and response to therapy for several tumors including CRC. Compelling evidence has been achieved that the low-grade chronic inflammation characterizing obesity represents a main factor that can favor carcinogenesis. Adipocytes and adipose tissue (AT) infiltrating immune cells contribute to obesity-related inflammation by releasing soluble factors affecting, both locally and systemically, the function of several cell types, including immune and cancer cells. The unbalanced production of immune mediators as well as the profound changes in the repertoire and activation state of immune cells in AT of obese subjects represent key events in the processes that set the basis for a pro-tumorigenic microenvironment. AT harbors a unique profile of immune cells of different origin that play an important role in tissue homeostasis. Among these, tissue-resident innate lymphocytes are emerging as important AT components whose depletion/aberrant activation occurring in obesity could have an impact on inflammation and immune-surveillance against tumors. However, a direct link between obesity-induced dysfunction and cancer development has not been demonstrated yet. In this review, we provide an overview of human obesity- and CRC-induced alterations of blood and adipose tissue-associated innate lymphocytes, and discuss how the adipose tissue microenvironment in obesity might influence the development of CRC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Manuela Del Cornò
- Center for Gender-Specific Medicine, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Lucia Conti
- Center for Gender-Specific Medicine, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Sandra Gessani
- Center for Gender-Specific Medicine, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
ABD-Derived Protein Blockers of Human IL-17 Receptor A as Non-IgG Alternatives for Modulation of IL-17-Dependent Pro-Inflammatory Axis. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19103089. [PMID: 30304852 PMCID: PMC6213189 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19103089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2018] [Revised: 10/04/2018] [Accepted: 10/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Interleukin 17 (IL-17) and its cognate receptor A (IL-17RA) play a crucial role in Th17 cells-mediated pro-inflammatory pathway and pathogenesis of several autoimmune disorders including psoriasis. IL-17 is mainly produced by activated Th-17 helper cells upon stimulation by IL-23 and, via binding to its receptors, mediates IL-17-driven cell signaling in keratinocytes. Hyper-proliferation of keratinocytes belongs to major clinical manifestations in psoriasis. To modulate IL-17-mediated inflammatory cascade, we generated a unique collection of IL-17RA-targeting protein binders that prevent from binding of human IL-17A cytokine to its cell-surface receptor. To this goal, we used a highly complex combinatorial library derived from scaffold of albumin-binding domain (ABD) of streptococcal protein G, and ribosome display selection, to yield a collection of ABD-derived high-affinity ligands of human IL-17RA, called ARS binders. From 67 analyzed ABD variants, 7 different sequence families were identified. Representatives of these groups competed with human IL-17A for binding to recombinant IL-17RA receptor as well as to IL-17RA-Immunoglobulin G chimera, as tested in enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Five ARS variants bound to IL-17RA-expressing THP-1 cells and blocked binding of human IL-17 cytokine to the cell surface, as tested by flow cytometry. Three variants exhibited high-affinity binding with a nanomolar Kd value to human keratinocyte HaCaT cells, as measured using Ligand Tracer Green Line. Upon IL-17-stimulated activation, ARS variants inhibited secretion of Gro-α (CXCL1) by normal human skin fibroblasts in vitro. Thus, we identified a novel class of inhibitory ligands that might serve as immunosuppressive IL-17RA-targeted non-IgG protein antagonists.
Collapse
|
30
|
To KKW, Tong CWS, Wu M, Cho WCS. MicroRNAs in the prognosis and therapy of colorectal cancer: From bench to bedside. World J Gastroenterol 2018; 24:2949-2973. [PMID: 30038463 PMCID: PMC6054943 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v24.i27.2949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 138] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2018] [Revised: 06/28/2018] [Accepted: 06/30/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small, single-stranded, noncoding RNAs that can post-transcriptionally regulate the expression of various oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes. Dysregulated expression of many miRNAs have been shown to mediate the signaling pathways critical in the multistep carcinogenesis of colorectal cancer (CRC). MiRNAs are stable and protected from RNase-mediated degradation, thereby enabling its detection in biological fluids and archival tissues for biomarker studies. This review focuses on the role and application of miRNAs in the prognosis and therapy of CRC. While stage II CRC is potentially curable by surgical resection, a significant percentage of stage II CRC patients do develop recurrence. MiRNA biomarkers may be used to stratify such high-risk population for adjuvant chemotherapy to provide better prognoses. Growing evidence also suggests that miRNAs are involved in the metastatic process of CRC. Certain of these miRNAs may thus be used as prognostic biomarkers to identify patients more likely to have micro-metastasis, who could be monitored more closely after surgery and/or given more aggressive adjuvant chemotherapy. Intrinsic and acquired resistance to chemotherapy severely hinders successful chemotherapy in CRC treatment. Predictive miRNA biomarkers for response to chemotherapy may identify patients who will benefit the most from a particular regimen and also spare the patients from unnecessary side effects. Selection of patients to receive the new targeted therapy is becoming possible with the use of predictive miRNA biomarkers. Lastly, forced expression of tumor suppressor miRNA or silencing of oncogenic miRNA in tumors by gene therapy can also be adopted to treat CRC alone or in combination with other chemotherapeutic drugs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kenneth KW To
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Christy WS Tong
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Mingxia Wu
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - William CS Cho
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Hong Kong, China
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Elshazli RM, Salman DO, Kamel MM, Toraih EA, Fawzy MS. Genetic polymorphisms of IL-17A rs2275913, rs3748067 and IL-17F rs763780 in gastric cancer risk: evidence from 8124 cases and 9873 controls. Mol Biol Rep 2018; 45:1421-1444. [PMID: 29860554 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-018-4202-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2018] [Accepted: 05/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Interleukin-17 (IL-17) is a critical cytokine involved in inflammation-associated cancers. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) might promote carcinogenesis. In this current meta-analysis, we investigated the association of IL-17A and IL-17F gene polymorphisms with gastric cancer (GC) risk. Eligible genetic association studies were retrieved from PubMed, Web of Science and Scopus database sources. Two reviewers independently assessed methodological quality and extracted data from eligible articles. Pooled odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated. Quantitative data synthesis was conducted using comprehensive meta-analysis v2. Subgroup analysis and heterogeneity analysis were performed. Begg's funnel plot and Egger's regression tests were used to judge publication bias. In silico data analysis was executed to analyze the functional and structural impact of the SNPs. A total of 21 case-control studies for rs2275913 c.-197G > A (7660 patients and 9409 controls), 9 studies for rs3748067 c.*1249C > T (3378 patients and 4120 controls), and 14 studies for rs763780 c.482A > G (4481 patients and 5354 controls) were included. The pooled estimate revealed an association between IL-17A rs2275913 polymorphism and the risk of GC under all genetic models (A vs. G, OR 1.187, 95% CI 1.086-1.297, P < 0.001; GA vs. GG, OR 1.108, 95% CI 1.008-1.218, P = 0.033; AA vs. GG, OR 1.484, 95% CI 1.236-1.781, P < 0.001), while no evidence of association was found with IL-17A rs3748067 or IL-17F rs763780 polymorphisms. Our results showed that IL-17A promoter rs2275913 variant might represent a potential risk factor for gastric cancer susceptibility.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rami M Elshazli
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Physical Therapy, Horus University in Egypt (HUE), New Damietta, Egypt.
| | - Doaa O Salman
- Genetics Unit, Histology and Cell Biology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
| | - Maha M Kamel
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Horus University of Egypt (HUE), New Damietta, Egypt
| | - Eman A Toraih
- Genetics Unit, Histology and Cell Biology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
- Center of Excellence of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
| | - Manal S Fawzy
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Northern Border University, Arar, Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Early onset sporadic colorectal cancer: Worrisome trends and oncogenic features. Dig Liver Dis 2018; 50:521-532. [PMID: 29615301 DOI: 10.1016/j.dld.2018.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2017] [Revised: 02/09/2018] [Accepted: 02/12/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Early onset colorectal cancers, defined as arising before 50 years of age, are a growing health hazard in western and eastern countries alike. The incidence of colon and rectal cancers in young individuals is projected to increase by as much as 90% and 140%, respectively, by 2030. Although several known cancer risk factors (e.g. smoking, alcohol, dietary habits) have been investigated, there is no single compelling explanation for this epidemiological trend. While some early onset colorectal cancers have been associated with germline mutations in cancer predisposition genes, genetic syndromes are implicated in only a fraction of these cancers (20%) and do not explain the rising incidence. Colorectal neoplasms develop through microsatellite instability or chromosomal instability pathways, with most of the early onset colorectal cancers exhibiting microsatellite stable phenotypes. Genome-wide hypomethylation is a feature of a subgroup of early onset cancers, which appears to be correlated with chromosomal instability and poor prognosis.
Collapse
|
33
|
Xu M, Xu T. Expression and clinical significance of miR-23a and MTSS1 in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. Oncol Lett 2018; 16:371-377. [PMID: 29928423 PMCID: PMC6006423 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2018.8657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2017] [Accepted: 04/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study investigated the expression and clinical significance of micro-ribonucleic acid-23a (miR-23a) and metastasis suppressor 1 (MTSS1) in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL). A total of 70 cases of tumor tissues of patients with DLBCL and 30 cases of reactive lymphoid hyperplasia tissues were collected. OCI-LY10 cell was transfected with miR-23a antisense oligonucleotide (miR-23a ASO). The expression of miR-23a and MTSS1 in tumor tissues of patients with DLBCL and reactive lymphoid hyperplasia tissues were detected by reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) and immunohistochemistry. Spearmans test was used for correlation analysis was also performed for their expression. The relationship of the expressions of miR-23a and MTSS1 with the pathological parameters of patients with DLBCL was further analyzed. The DLBCL OCI-LY10 cells were cultured in vitro, and gene silencing downregulated the expression of miR-23a in OCI-LY10 cells. The expression of miR-23a was studied via RT-qPCR, and the effect of downregulation of miR-23a on MTSS1 protein expression was determined by western blot analysis. Moreover, the effects of miR-23a on the proliferation, metastasis and invasion capacities of OCI-LY10 cells were observed by both methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT) assay and Transwell chamber assay. The results of RT-qPCR showed that the mRNA expression of miR-23a in DLBCL tissues was significantly higher than that of reactive hyperplasia tissues. Immunohistochemical results revealed that the positive expression rate of MTSS1 in DLBCL tissues (30.00%) was significantly lower in comparison to reactive hyperplasia tissues (90.00%). Correlation analysis revealed that the miR-23a expression had a significant negative correlation with MTSS1 expression (r=-0.538, p=0.01). The expression of miR-23a and MTSS1 were correlated with the Ann Arbor staging, extranodal invasion and International Prognostic Index (IPI) scores of patients (p<0.05). However, they had no significant correlation with the sex and age of patients (p>0.05). After the downregulation of miR-23a expression, the MTSS1 protein expression in OCI-LY10 cells showed a significant increase. However, the proliferation, metastasis and invasion capacities of OCI-LY10 cells were obviously decreased. In conclusion, miR-23a promoted the proliferation, invasion and metastasis of DLBCL OCI-LY10 cells through the targeted inhibition of MTSS1. The high expression of miR-23a and the low expression of MTSS1 protein could be used as reference indexes for the prognosis of DLBCL.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mengwei Xu
- Department of Pathology, Xijing Hospital, Xi'an, Shanxi 710000, P.R. China
| | - Tao Xu
- Department of Pathology, Xijing Hospital, Xi'an, Shanxi 710000, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Popēna I, Ābols A, Saulīte L, Pleiko K, Zandberga E, Jēkabsons K, Endzeliņš E, Llorente A, Linē A, Riekstiņa U. Effect of colorectal cancer-derived extracellular vesicles on the immunophenotype and cytokine secretion profile of monocytes and macrophages. Cell Commun Signal 2018; 16:17. [PMID: 29690889 PMCID: PMC5937830 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-018-0229-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2017] [Accepted: 04/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Macrophages are one of the most important players in the tumor microenvironment. The polarization status of tumor associated macrophages into a pro-inflammatory type M1 or anti-inflammatory type M2 may influence cancer progression and patient survival. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are membrane-bound vesicles containing different biomolecules that are involved in cell to cell signal transfer. Accumulating evidence suggests that cancer-derived EVs are taken up by macrophages and modulate their phenotype and cytokine profile. However, the interactions of cancer-derived EVs with monocytes and macrophages at various differentiation and polarization states are poorly understood. In the current study, we have analyzed the uptake and functional effects of primary (SW480) and metastatic (SW620) isogenic colorectal cancer (CRC) cell line-derived EVs on monocytes (M), inactive macrophages (M0) and M1 and M2 polarized macrophages. Methods THP-1 monocytes were differentiated into M0 macrophages by addition of phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate. Then M0 macrophages were further polarized into M1 and M2 macrophages in the presence of LPS, IFN- γ, IL-4, and IL-13 respectively. Internalization of SW480 and SW620-derived EVs was analyzed by flow cytometry and fluorescence microscopy. Changes in monocyte and macrophage immunophenotype and secretory profile upon EV exposure were analyzed by flow cytometry, quantitative PCR and Luminex assays. Results THP-1 monocytes and M0 macrophages efficiently take up SW480 and SW620-derived EVs, and our results indicate that dynamin-dependent endocytic pathways may be implicated. Interestingly, SW480 and SW620-derived EVs increased CD14 expression in M0 macrophages whereas SW480-derived EVs decreased HLA-DR expression in M1 and M2 polarized macrophages. Moreover, SW480-derived EVs significantly increased CXCL10 expression in monocytes and M0 macrophages. In contrast, SW620-derived EVs induced secretion of IL-6, CXCL10, IL-23 and IL-10 in M0 macrophages. However, addition of CRC cell line-derived EVs together with LPS, IFN- γ (M1) and IL-4, IL-13 (M2) stimuli during macrophage polarization had no additional effect on cytokine expression in M1 and M2 macrophages. Conclusion Our results suggest that CRC cell line-derived EVs are internalized and reprogram the immunophenotype and secretory profile in monocytes and inactive macrophages inducing mixed M1 and M2 cytokine response. Although CRC EVs decreased HLA-DR expression in M1, M2 polarized macrophages, their effect on the secretory profile of M1 and M2 polarized macrophages was negligible. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12964-018-0229-y) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ineta Popēna
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Latvia, Raina blvd. 19, Riga, LV-1568, Latvia
| | - Artūrs Ābols
- Latvian Biomedical Research and Study Centre, Ratsupites iela 1, Riga, LV-1067, Latvia
| | - Līga Saulīte
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Latvia, Raina blvd. 19, Riga, LV-1568, Latvia
| | - Kārlis Pleiko
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Latvia, Raina blvd. 19, Riga, LV-1568, Latvia
| | - Elīna Zandberga
- Latvian Biomedical Research and Study Centre, Ratsupites iela 1, Riga, LV-1067, Latvia
| | - Kaspars Jēkabsons
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Latvia, Raina blvd. 19, Riga, LV-1568, Latvia
| | - Edgars Endzeliņš
- Latvian Biomedical Research and Study Centre, Ratsupites iela 1, Riga, LV-1067, Latvia
| | - Alicia Llorente
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital-The Norwegian Radium Hospital, 0379, Oslo, Norway
| | - Aija Linē
- Latvian Biomedical Research and Study Centre, Ratsupites iela 1, Riga, LV-1067, Latvia
| | - Una Riekstiņa
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Latvia, Raina blvd. 19, Riga, LV-1568, Latvia.
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Site-specific associations between miRNA expression and survival in colorectal cancer cases. Oncotarget 2018; 7:60193-60205. [PMID: 27517623 PMCID: PMC5312378 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.11173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2016] [Accepted: 07/23/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background MicroRNAs (miRNA) are small non-coding RNA involved in cellular processes, including cell proliferation and angiogenesis. Thus, miRNA expression may alter survival after diagnosis with colorectal cancer (CRC). Results Individuals diagnosed with stage 1 or stage 2 rectal cancer had worse survival than colon cancer cases diagnosed at stage 1 or stage 2. After adjustment for multiple comparisons, no miRNAs were significantly associated with disease stage. Two miRNAs infrequently expressed in the population and not previously reported were associated with survival after diagnosis with colon cancer (miR-1 HR 2.17 95% CI 1.41, 3.36; and miR-101-3p HR 3.51 95% CI 1.72, 7.15). Among those diagnosed with rectal cancer, 201 miRNAs were associated with survival when the FDR q value was < 0.05. Assessment of 105 previously reported miRNAs associated with prognosis showed that four miRNAs influenced colon cancer survival and 17 influenced survival after a diagnosis with rectal cancer when raw p values were considered. Patients and Methods This study includes data from population-based studies of CRC conducted in Utah and the Kaiser Permanente Medical Care Program. A total of 1893 carcinoma and normal paired colorectal mucosa tissue samples were run using the Agilent Human miRNA Microarray V19.0. We assessed miRNA differential expression between paired carcinoma and normal colonic mucosa tissue with CRC- specific survival evaluating stage and site-specific associations after adjusting for age, sex, microsatellite instability tumor status, and AJCC stage. Conclusions MiRNAs dysregulated for both colon and rectal cancer had a greater impact on survival after a diagnosis with rectal cancer.
Collapse
|
36
|
Du B, Wu D, Yang X, Wang T, Shi X, Lv Y, Zhou Z, Liu Q, Zhang W. The expression and significance of microRNA in different stages of colorectal cancer. Medicine (Baltimore) 2018; 97:e9635. [PMID: 29384843 PMCID: PMC5805415 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000009635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of this study is to compare microRNA expression patterns in different stages of colorectal cancer (CRC) and to discuss the significance of the application of microRNAs in the clinical treatment of CRC. METHODS The study used gene chip technology to analyze genetic sequences in CRC tissues and surrounding normal tissues at different cancer stages. The bioinformatics profiles of the target genes of the different microRNAs were analyzed to clarify the target gene-related pathways and their functions in the disease. RESULTS A total of 368 target genes with differential expression, including 275 upregulated and 93 downregulated genes, were screened from CRC patients in different stages of the disease. These microRNAs participated widely in the occurrence and development processes of CRC. The microRNA expression profiles obviously differed in tissues at different CRC stages. CONCLUSION microRNA regulation of CRC samples can be used as a tool to control the occurrence and development of tumor cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Binbin Du
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Gansu Provincial Hospital, Lanzhou
| | - Dewang Wu
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Gansu Provincial Hospital, Lanzhou
- Department of Surgery, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan
| | - Xiongfei Yang
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Gansu Provincial Hospital, Lanzhou
| | - Tao Wang
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Gansu Provincial Hospital, Lanzhou
| | - Xinlong Shi
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Gansu Provincial Hospital, Lanzhou
| | - Yaochun Lv
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Gansu Provincial Hospital, Lanzhou
- Department of Surgery, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan
| | - Zhuolong Zhou
- School of Medical Instrument and Food Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Qing Liu
- School of Medical Instrument and Food Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Weisheng Zhang
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Gansu Provincial Hospital, Lanzhou
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
|
38
|
The NF-κB signalling pathway in colorectal cancer: associations between dysregulated gene and miRNA expression. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2017; 144:269-283. [PMID: 29188362 PMCID: PMC5794831 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-017-2548-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2017] [Accepted: 11/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) signalling pathway is a regulator of immune response and inflammation that has been implicated in the carcinogenic process. We examined differentially expressed genes in this pathway and miRNAs to determine associations with colorectal cancer (CRC). METHODS We used data from 217 CRC cases to evaluate differences in NF-κB signalling pathway gene expression between paired carcinoma and normal mucosa and identify miRNAs that are associated with these genes. Gene expression data from RNA-Seq and miRNA expression data from Agilent Human miRNA Microarray V19.0 were analysed. We evaluated genes most strongly associated and differentially expressed (fold change (FC) of > 1.5 or < 0.67) that were statistically significant after adjustment for multiple comparisons. RESULTS Of the 92 genes evaluated, 22 were significantly downregulated and nine genes were significantly upregulated in all tumours. Two additional genes (CD14 and CSNK2A1) were dysregulated in MSS tumours and two genes (CARD11 and VCAM1) were downregulated and six genes were upregulated (LYN, TICAM2, ICAM1, IL1B, CCL4 and PTGS2) in MSI tumours. Sixteen of the 21 dysregulated genes were associated with 40 miRNAs. There were 76 miRNA:mRNA associations of which 38 had seed-region matches. Genes were associated with multiple miRNAs, with TNFSRF11A (RANK) being associated with 15 miRNAs. Likewise several miRNAs were associated with multiple genes (miR-150-5p with eight genes, miR-195-5p with four genes, miR-203a with five genes, miR-20b-5p with four genes, miR-650 with six genes and miR-92a-3p with five genes). CONCLUSIONS Focusing on the genes and their associated miRNAs within the entire signalling pathway provides a comprehensive understanding of this complex pathway as it relates to CRC and offers insight into potential therapeutic agents.
Collapse
|
39
|
Detassis S, Grasso M, Del Vescovo V, Denti MA. microRNAs Make the Call in Cancer Personalized Medicine. Front Cell Dev Biol 2017; 5:86. [PMID: 29018797 PMCID: PMC5614923 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2017.00086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2017] [Accepted: 09/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Since their discovery and the advent of RNA interference, microRNAs have drawn enormous attention because of their ubiquitous involvement in cellular pathways from life to death, from metabolism to communication. It is also widely accepted that they possess an undeniable role in cancer both as tumor suppressors and tumor promoters modulating cell proliferation and migration, epithelial-mesenchymal transition and tumor cell invasion and metastasis. Moreover, microRNAs can even affect the tumor surrounding environment influencing angiogenesis and immune system activation and recruitment. The tight association of microRNAs with several cancer-related processes makes them undoubtedly connected to the effect of specific cancer drugs inducing either resistance or sensitization. In this context, personalized medicine through microRNAs arose recently with the discovery of single nucleotide polymorphisms in the target binding sites, in the sequence of the microRNA itself or in microRNA biogenesis related genes, increasing risk, susceptibility and progression of multiple types of cancer in different sets of the population. The depicted scenario implies that the overall variation displayed by these small non-coding RNAs have an impact on patient-specific pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of cancer drugs, pushing on a rising need of personalized treatment. Indeed, microRNAs from either tissues or liquid biopsies are also extensively studied as valuable biomarkers for disease early recognition, progression and prognosis. Despite microRNAs being intensively studied in recent years, a comprehensive review describing these topics all in one is missing. Here we report an up-to-date and critical summary of microRNAs as tools for better understanding personalized cancer biogenesis, evolution, diagnosis and treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Michela A. Denti
- Laboratory of RNA Biology and Biotechnology, Centre for Integrative Biology, University of TrentoTrento, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Constante M, Fragoso G, Calvé A, Samba-Mondonga M, Santos MM. Dietary Heme Induces Gut Dysbiosis, Aggravates Colitis, and Potentiates the Development of Adenomas in Mice. Front Microbiol 2017; 8:1809. [PMID: 28983289 PMCID: PMC5613120 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2017.01809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2017] [Accepted: 09/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Dietary heme can be used by colonic bacteria equipped with heme-uptake systems as a growth factor and thereby impact on the microbial community structure. The impact of heme on the gut microbiota composition may be particularly pertinent in chronic inflammation such as in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), where a strong association with gut dysbiosis has been consistently reported. In this study we investigated the influence of dietary heme on the gut microbiota and inferred metagenomic composition, and on chemically induced colitis and colitis-associated adenoma development in mice. Using 16S rRNA gene sequencing, we found that mice fed a diet supplemented with heme significantly altered their microbiota composition, characterized by a decrease in α-diversity, a reduction of Firmicutes and an increase of Proteobacteria, particularly Enterobacteriaceae. These changes were similar to shifts seen in dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-treated mice to induce colitis. In addition, dietary heme, but not systemically delivered heme, contributed to the exacerbation of DSS-induced colitis and facilitated adenoma formation in the azoxymethane/DSS colorectal cancer (CRC) mouse model. Using inferred metagenomics, we found that the microbiota alterations elicited by dietary heme resulted in non-beneficial functional shifts, which were also characteristic of DSS-induced colitis. Furthermore, a reduction in fecal butyrate levels was found in mice fed the heme supplemented diet compared to mice fed the control diet. Iron metabolism genes known to contribute to heme release from red blood cells, heme uptake, and heme exporter proteins, were significantly enriched, indicating a shift toward favoring the growth of bacteria able to uptake heme and protect against its toxicity. In conclusion, our data suggest that luminal heme, originating from dietary components or gastrointestinal bleeding in IBD and, to lesser extent in CRC, directly contributes to microbiota dysbiosis. Thus, luminal heme levels may further exacerbate colitis through the modulation of the gut microbiota and its metagenomic functional composition. Our data may have implications in the development of novel targets for therapeutic approaches aimed at lowering gastrointestinal heme levels through heme chelation or degradation using probiotics and nutritional interventions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marco Constante
- Département de Médecine, Université de Montréal, MontréalQC, Canada.,Nutrition and Microbiome Laboratory, Institut du Cancer de Montréal, Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, MontréalQC, Canada
| | - Gabriela Fragoso
- Nutrition and Microbiome Laboratory, Institut du Cancer de Montréal, Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, MontréalQC, Canada
| | - Annie Calvé
- Nutrition and Microbiome Laboratory, Institut du Cancer de Montréal, Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, MontréalQC, Canada
| | - Macha Samba-Mondonga
- Nutrition and Microbiome Laboratory, Institut du Cancer de Montréal, Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, MontréalQC, Canada
| | - Manuela M Santos
- Département de Médecine, Université de Montréal, MontréalQC, Canada.,Nutrition and Microbiome Laboratory, Institut du Cancer de Montréal, Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, MontréalQC, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Non-coding RNAs Enabling Prognostic Stratification and Prediction of Therapeutic Response in Colorectal Cancer Patients. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2017; 937:183-204. [PMID: 27573901 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-42059-2_10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a heterogeneous disease and current treatment options for patients are associated with a wide range of outcomes and tumor responses. Although the traditional TNM staging system continues to serve as a crucial tool for estimating CRC prognosis and for stratification of treatment choices and long-term survival, it remains limited as it relies on macroscopic features and cases of surgical resection, fails to incorporate new molecular data and information, and cannot perfectly predict the variety of outcomes and responses to treatment associated with tumors of the same stage. Although additional histopathologic features have recently been applied in order to better classify individual tumors, the future might incorporate the use of novel molecular and genetic markers in order to maximize therapeutic outcome and to provide accurate prognosis. Such novel biomarkers, in addition to individual patient tumor phenotyping and other validated genetic markers, could facilitate the prediction of risk of progression in CRC patients and help assess overall survival. Recent findings point to the emerging role of non-protein-coding regions of the genome in their contribution to the progression of cancer and tumor formation. Two major subclasses of non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), microRNAs and long non-coding RNAs, are often dysregulated in CRC and have demonstrated their diagnostic and prognostic potential as biomarkers. These ncRNAs are promising molecular classifiers and could assist in the stratification of patients into appropriate risk groups to guide therapeutic decisions and their expression patterns could help determine prognosis and predict therapeutic options in CRC.
Collapse
|
42
|
Chen J, Wang Y, Zhuo L, Liu Z, Liu T, Li W, Cai Y, Zheng H. Fas signaling induces stemness properties in colorectal cancer by regulation of Bmi1. Mol Carcinog 2017; 56:2267-2278. [PMID: 28543447 DOI: 10.1002/mc.22680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2017] [Revised: 04/19/2017] [Accepted: 05/19/2017] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Fas signaling promotes colorectal cancer (CRC) metastasis by inducing epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). The acquisition of EMT properties in turn induces stemness but the mechanism by which Fas signaling contributes to it still remains unclear. Hence, the aim of this study was to investigate how Fas signaling regulates CRC stemness. For this purpose, soft agar assay, sphere formation assay, cell survival analysis, immunoblot, qRT-PCR, chromatin immunoprecipitation, and luciferase reporter assay were performed. Expression of FasL, Bmi1, and the miR-200c in CRC specimens was examined through immunohistochemistry, qRT-PCR, and immunoblot. In our study, Fas signaling induced stem cell properties in CRC specimens, relying on ERK1/2 MAPK pathway, with Bmi1 being mainly responsible for FasL-induced stemness. FasL treatment promoted Bmi1 expression by inhibiting miR-200c, which targets Bmi1 3'UTR region. Furthermore, FasL-induced Zeb1 binded with miR-200c promoter and inhibited its expression. Moreover, FasL-induced β-catenin nuclear expression promoted Zeb1 expression by binding with Zeb1 promoter. GSK-3β, which regulates β-catenin, was inhibited by FasL-induced ERK1/2 MAPK signaling. Finally, FasL and Bmi1 expression in clinical samples increased during CRC progression, and a positive correlation between them was observed. Patients with high FasL and Bmi1 expression had a worse prognosis than patients with low expression. In conclusion, our results showed that Fas signaling can promote stemness in CRC through the modulation of Bmi1 expression via the ERK1/2 MAPK/GSK-3β/β-catenin/Zeb1/miR-200c axis, suggesting that Fas signaling-based cancer therapies should be administered cautiously, as the activation of this pathway not only leads to apoptosis but also induces stemness in CRC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiaxuan Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology, Department of Gastroenterology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yadong Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology, Department of Gastroenterology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Linghao Zhuo
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology, Department of Gastroenterology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhizhong Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Zhuhai Hospital, Southern Medical University (Zhuhai Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine), Zhuhai, China
| | - Tao Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology, Department of Gastroenterology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wenjing Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology, Department of Gastroenterology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yidong Cai
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Haoxuan Zheng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology, Department of Gastroenterology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Stewart JP, Richman S, Maughan T, Lawler M, Dunne PD, Salto-Tellez M. Standardising RNA profiling based biomarker application in cancer-The need for robust control of technical variables. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2017; 1868:258-272. [PMID: 28549623 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2017.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2017] [Revised: 05/21/2017] [Accepted: 05/22/2017] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Histopathology-based staging of colorectal cancer (CRC) has utility in assessing the prognosis of patient subtypes, but as yet cannot accurately predict individual patient's treatment response. Transcriptomics approaches, using array based or next generation sequencing (NGS) platforms, of formalin fixed paraffin embedded tissue can be harnessed to develop multi-gene biomarkers for predicting both prognosis and treatment response, leading to stratification of treatment. While transcriptomics can shape future biomarker development, currently <1% of published biomarkers become clinically validated tests, often due to poor study design or lack of independent validation. In this review of a large number of CRC transcriptional studies, we identify recurrent sources of technical variability that encompass collection, preservation and storage of malignant tissue, nucleic acid extraction, methods to quantitate RNA transcripts and data analysis pipelines. We propose a series of defined steps for removal of these confounding issues, to ultimately aid in the development of more robust clinical biomarkers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- James P Stewart
- Centre for Cancer Research and Cell Biology, Queen's University Belfast, UK; Northern Ireland Molecular Pathology Laboratory, Queen's University Belfast, UK
| | - Susan Richman
- Department of Pathology and Tumour Biology, St James University Hospital, Leeds, UK
| | - Tim Maughan
- CRUK/MRC Oxford Institute for Radiation Oncology, University of Oxford, UK
| | - Mark Lawler
- Centre for Cancer Research and Cell Biology, Queen's University Belfast, UK
| | - Philip D Dunne
- Centre for Cancer Research and Cell Biology, Queen's University Belfast, UK
| | - Manuel Salto-Tellez
- Centre for Cancer Research and Cell Biology, Queen's University Belfast, UK; Northern Ireland Molecular Pathology Laboratory, Queen's University Belfast, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Iron Supplements Modulate Colon Microbiota Composition and Potentiate the Protective Effects of Probiotics in Dextran Sodium Sulfate-induced Colitis. Inflamm Bowel Dis 2017; 23:753-766. [PMID: 28368910 DOI: 10.1097/mib.0000000000001089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Iron is an important nutrient for both the host and colonizing bacteria. Oral iron supplementation may impact the composition of the microbiota and can be particularly damaging to patients suffering from inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). However, patients with IBD may require iron supplementation to treat their anemia. METHODS We fed mice with diets supplemented with ferrous sulfate at different doses (5, 50, and 500 mg of iron/kg chow) and with different iron formulations (ferrous sulfate, ferrous bisglycinate and ferric ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid [FEDTA]), and analyzed the effects on the composition of the gut microbiota by 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequencing. Using the dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced colitis mouse model, we investigated the effects of iron supplementation in colitis severity, as well as the use of the probiotic Escherichia coli Nissle 1917 (EcN) in combination with iron supplementation. RESULTS Iron supplementation at different doses induced shifts in the gut microbial communities and inferred metabolic pathways. However, depending on the iron formulation used in the diets, iron supplementation during dextran sodium sulfate-induced colitis was either beneficial (ferrous bisglycinate) or highly detrimental (FEDTA). Finally, the beneficial effect of the probiotic EcN in the dextran sodium sulfate-induced colitis model was potentiated by oral iron supplementation with ferrous sulfate. CONCLUSIONS These results show that the iron formulations used to treat iron deficiency influence the gut microbiota and colitis in mice and suggest that distinct iron compounds may be of particular relevance to patients with IBD. In addition, the beneficial action of probiotics in IBD may be enhanced by oral iron supplementation.
Collapse
|
45
|
Verjans R, van Bilsen M, Schroen B. MiRNA Deregulation in Cardiac Aging and Associated Disorders. INTERNATIONAL REVIEW OF CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2017; 334:207-263. [PMID: 28838539 DOI: 10.1016/bs.ircmb.2017.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The prevalence of age-related diseases is increasing dramatically, among which cardiac disease represents the leading cause of death. Aging of the heart is characterized by various molecular and cellular hallmarks impairing both cardiomyocytes and noncardiomyocytes, and resulting in functional deteriorations of the cardiac system. The aging process includes desensitization of β-adrenergic receptor (βAR)-signaling and decreased calcium handling, altered growth signaling and cardiac hypertrophy, mitochondrial dysfunction and impaired autophagy, increased programmed cell death, low-grade inflammation of noncanonical inflammatory cells, and increased ECM deposition. MiRNAs play a fundamental role in regulating the processes underlying these detrimental changes in the cardiac system, indicating that MiRNAs are crucially involved in aging. Among others, MiR-34, MiR-146a, and members of the MiR-17-92 cluster, are deregulated during senescence and drive cardiac aging processes. It is therefore suggested that MiRNAs form possible therapeutic targets to stabilize the aged failing myocardium.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Robin Verjans
- Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Marc van Bilsen
- Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Blanche Schroen
- Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Qiu X, Zhu H, Liu S, Tao G, Jin J, Chu H, Wang M, Tong N, Gong W, Zhao Q, Qiang F, Zhang Z. Expression and prognostic value of microRNA-26a and microRNA-148a in gastric cancer. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2017; 32:819-827. [PMID: 27529338 DOI: 10.1111/jgh.13533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM In our previous study, we demonstrated that four microRNAs (miRNAs) (miR-26a, miR-142-3p, miR-148a, and miR-195) that were downregulated in both plasma and tumor tissues were confirmed to be promising non-invasive diagnostic biomarkers for gastric cancer (GC). METHODS We used the quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction to assess the expression levels of the four miRNAs from paraffin-embedded surgical specimens of GC patients. Kaplan-Meier curves and log-rank test were applied to predict the correlation between miRNAs and cumulative overall survival (OS) of patients with GC. Besides, we performed in vitro assays including cell proliferation, migration, invasion and colony formation, and apoptosis. RESULTS The median of miRNA expression in paraffin-embedded tissues were used as the cutoff value to classify patients into high or low expression groups. Down-regulation of miR-26a and miR-148a was significantly associated with shorter OS of GC patients either in the test set (miR-26a: P = 0.009; miR-148a: P = 0.005) or the validation set (miR-26a: P = 0.011; miR-148a: P = 0.024). When two sets were combined, Cox regression analysis demonstrated that both of miR-26a and miR-148a were independent prognostic factors for predicting OS of patients with GC (miR-26a: HR = 0.76, 95% CI = 0.61-0.94; miR-148a: HR = 0.73, 95% CI = 0.58-0.91). Furthermore, elevated expression of miR-26 significantly suppressed cell proliferation, migration, invasion and colony formation, and induced apoptosis of MGC-803 cells compared with negative control groups (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION These findings supported miR-26a and miR-148a could serve as potential prognostic biomarkers for GC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaonan Qiu
- Department of Environmental Genomics, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Collaborative Innovation Center For Cancer Personalized Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Genetic Toxicology The Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Haixia Zhu
- Department of Environmental Genomics, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Collaborative Innovation Center For Cancer Personalized Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Core Laboratory, Nantong Tumor Hospital, Nantong, China
| | - Sang Liu
- Department of Environmental Genomics, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Collaborative Innovation Center For Cancer Personalized Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Genetic Toxicology The Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Guoquan Tao
- Department of General Surgery, Huai-An First People's Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Huai-An, China
| | - Jing Jin
- Department of Environmental Genomics, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Collaborative Innovation Center For Cancer Personalized Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Genetic Toxicology The Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Haiyan Chu
- Department of Environmental Genomics, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Collaborative Innovation Center For Cancer Personalized Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Genetic Toxicology The Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Meilin Wang
- Department of Environmental Genomics, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Collaborative Innovation Center For Cancer Personalized Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Genetic Toxicology The Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Na Tong
- Department of Environmental Genomics, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Collaborative Innovation Center For Cancer Personalized Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Genetic Toxicology The Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Weida Gong
- Department of General Surgery, Yixing Cancer Hospital, Yixing, China
| | - Qinghong Zhao
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Fulin Qiang
- Core Laboratory, Nantong Tumor Hospital, Nantong, China
| | - Zhengdong Zhang
- Department of Environmental Genomics, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Collaborative Innovation Center For Cancer Personalized Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Genetic Toxicology The Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Roth-Walter F, Bergmayr C, Meitz S, Buchleitner S, Stremnitzer C, Fazekas J, Moskovskich A, Müller MA, Roth GA, Manzano-Szalai K, Dvorak Z, Neunkirchner A, Jensen-Jarolim E. Janus-faced Acrolein prevents allergy but accelerates tumor growth by promoting immunoregulatory Foxp3+ cells: Mouse model for passive respiratory exposure. Sci Rep 2017; 7:45067. [PMID: 28332605 PMCID: PMC5362909 DOI: 10.1038/srep45067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2016] [Accepted: 02/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Acrolein, a highly reactive unsaturated aldehyde, is generated in large amounts during smoking and is best known for its genotoxic capacity. Here, we aimed to assess whether acrolein at concentrations relevant for smokers may also exert immunomodulatory effects that could be relevant in allergy or cancer. In a BALB/c allergy model repeated nasal exposure to acrolein abrogated allergen-specific antibody and cytokine formation, and led to a relative accumulation of regulatory T cells in the lungs. Only the acrolein-treated mice were protected from bronchial hyperreactivity as well as from anaphylactic reactions upon challenge with the specific allergen. Moreover, grafted D2F2 tumor cells grew faster and intratumoral Foxp3+ cell accumulation was observed in these mice compared to sham-treated controls. Results from reporter cell lines suggested that acrolein acts via the aryl-hydrocarbon receptor which could be inhibited by resveratrol and 3′-methoxy-4′-nitroflavone Acrolein- stimulation of human PBMCs increased Foxp3+ expression by T cells which could be antagonized by resveratrol. Our mouse and human data thus revealed that acrolein exerts systemic immunosuppression by promoting Foxp3+ regulatory cells. This provides a novel explanation why smokers have a lower allergy, but higher cancer risk.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Franziska Roth-Walter
- Comparative Medicine, The Interuniversity Messerli Research Institute of the University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Medical University Vienna and University Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Cornelia Bergmayr
- Institute of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Center of Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Sarah Meitz
- Comparative Medicine, The Interuniversity Messerli Research Institute of the University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Medical University Vienna and University Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Stefan Buchleitner
- Comparative Medicine, The Interuniversity Messerli Research Institute of the University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Medical University Vienna and University Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Caroline Stremnitzer
- Institute of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Center of Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Judit Fazekas
- Comparative Medicine, The Interuniversity Messerli Research Institute of the University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Medical University Vienna and University Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Anna Moskovskich
- Comparative Medicine, The Interuniversity Messerli Research Institute of the University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Medical University Vienna and University Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Mario A Müller
- Comparative Medicine, The Interuniversity Messerli Research Institute of the University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Medical University Vienna and University Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Georg A Roth
- Department of Anesthesiology, General Intensive Care and Pain Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Austria
| | - Krisztina Manzano-Szalai
- Comparative Medicine, The Interuniversity Messerli Research Institute of the University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Medical University Vienna and University Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Zdenek Dvorak
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Palacky University, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Alina Neunkirchner
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for Immunomodulation, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Erika Jensen-Jarolim
- Comparative Medicine, The Interuniversity Messerli Research Institute of the University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Medical University Vienna and University Vienna, Vienna, Austria.,Institute of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Center of Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Zamani-Ahmadmahmudi M, Aghasharif S, Ilbeigi K. Prognostic efficacy of the human B-cell lymphoma prognostic genes in predicting disease-free survival (DFS) in the canine counterpart. BMC Vet Res 2017; 13:17. [PMID: 28069005 PMCID: PMC5223581 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-016-0919-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2016] [Accepted: 12/09/2016] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Canine B-cell lymphoma is deemed an ideal model of human non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma where the lymphomas of both species share similar clinical features and biological behaviors. However there are some differences between tumor features in both species. In the current study, we sought to evaluate the prognostic efficacy of human B-cell lymphoma prognostic gene signatures in canine B-cell lymphoma. Methods The corresponding probe sets of 36 human B-cell lymphoma prognostic genes were retrieved from 2 canine B-cell lymphoma microarray datasets (GSE43664 and GSE39365) (76 samples), and prognostic probe sets were thereafter detected using the univariate and multivariate Cox proportional-hazard model and the Kaplan–Meier analysis. The two datasets were employed both as training sets and as external validation sets for each other. Results were confirmed using quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) analysis. Results In the univariate analysis, CCND1, CCND2, PAX5, CR2, LMO2, HLA-DQA1, P53, CD38, MYC-N, MYBL1, and BIRCS5 were associated with longer disease-free survival (DFS), while CD44, PLAU, and FN1 were allied to shorter DFS. However, the multivariate Cox proportional-hazard analysis confirmed CCND1 and BIRCS5 as prognostic genes for canine B-cell lymphoma. qRT-PCR used for verification of results indicated that expression level of CCND1 was significantly higher in B-cell lymphoma patients with the long DFS than ones with the short DFS, while expression level of BIRCS5 wasn’t significantly different between two groups. Conclusion Our results confirmed CCND1 as important gene that can be used as a potential predictor in this tumor type. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12917-016-0919-x) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohamad Zamani-Ahmadmahmudi
- Department of Clinical Science, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, P.O Box: 76169133, Kerman, Iran.
| | - Sina Aghasharif
- Department of Clinical Science, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Islamic Azad University, Garmsar Branch, Garmsar, Iran
| | - Keyhan Ilbeigi
- Department of Clinical Science, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Islamic Azad University, Garmsar Branch, Garmsar, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Lucke-Wold B, Bonasso PC, Turner R, Cassim R. Adenocarcinoma of the Cecum with Rare Splenic Metastasis. THE WEST VIRGINIA MEDICAL JOURNAL 2017; 113:32-34. [PMID: 28579648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/28/2022]
Abstract
Isolated splenic metasisis is a rare finding in colorectal carcinoma. We report a case of metastatic cecal adenocarcinoma to the spleen. In spring 2011, a 53-yearold woman underwent en bloc right hemicolectomy with partial omentectomy. The tumor was Stage III pT3 pN2a M0. She received four months of modified FOLFOX6 chemotherapy and one month of capecitabine. In spring 2012, a PET/CT revealed a low attenuation focus in the spleen consistent with metastatic adenocarcinoma, so she underwent splenectomy. Additional imaging has revealed no disease recurrence. There are only a small number of case reports for isolated splenic metastasis; thus, no standardized treatment course has been developed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Brandon Lucke-Wold
- Depts. of Surgery & Neurosurgery, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, WV
| | - Patrick C Bonasso
- Department of Surgery, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, WV
| | - Ryan Turner
- Depts. of Surgery & Neurosurgery, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, WV
| | - Riaz Cassim
- Department of Surgery, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, WV
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Balzano F, Deiana M, Dei Giudici S, Oggiano A, Pasella S, Pinna S, Mannu A, Deiana N, Porcu B, Masala AGE, Pileri PV, Scognamillo F, Pala C, Zinellu A, Carru C, Deiana L. MicroRNA Expression Analysis of Centenarians and Rheumatoid Arthritis Patients Reveals a Common Expression Pattern. Int J Med Sci 2017; 14:622-628. [PMID: 28824293 PMCID: PMC5562112 DOI: 10.7150/ijms.18972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2016] [Accepted: 03/29/2017] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Micro-RNA (miRNA) are a family of small non-coding ribonucleic acids that inhibits post-transcriptionally the expression of their target messenger RNA (mRNA). We are interested in studying the involvement of miRNA in longevity and autoimmune diseases. In this study we compared the different expression of seven microRNAs between human plasma healthy controls, plasma samples of centenarians and samples from patients with rheumatoid arthritis. We used the Life Technologies' protocol to quantify seven miRNAs from 62 plasma samples: 20 healthy human controls, 14 centenarians, 28 patients with rheumatoid arthritis. TaqMan MicroRNA assays were used to analyze the expression profiles of miR-125b-5p, miR-425-5p, miR-200b5p, miR-200c-3p, miR-579-3p, miR-212-3p, miR-21-5p and miR-126-3p. The relative expression of mature miRNAs was analyzed using software REST. Our results show that miR-425-5p, miR-21 and miR-212 significantly decreased in centenarians and in patients with rheumatoid arthritis compared with controls. Furthermore in this work we highlight a connection between corticosteroid treatment and miRNAs expression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Balzano
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, vl. San Pietro 43b, Sassari 07100, Italy
| | - Marta Deiana
- Associazione "L'Isola dei Centenari", Via Milano 4, Sassari 07100, Italy
| | - Silvia Dei Giudici
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Sardegna, Via Vienna 2, Sassari 07100, Italy
| | - Annalisa Oggiano
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Sardegna, Via Vienna 2, Sassari 07100, Italy
| | - Sara Pasella
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, vl. San Pietro 43b, Sassari 07100, Italy
| | - Sara Pinna
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, vl. San Pietro 43b, Sassari 07100, Italy
| | - Andrea Mannu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, vl. San Pietro 43b, Sassari 07100, Italy
| | - Nicola Deiana
- Associazione "L'Isola dei Centenari", Via Milano 4, Sassari 07100, Italy
| | - Baingio Porcu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, vl. San Pietro 43b, Sassari 07100, Italy
| | - Antonio G E Masala
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Sardegna, Via Vienna 2, Sassari 07100, Italy
| | - Piera V Pileri
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Sardegna, Via Vienna 2, Sassari 07100, Italy
| | | | - Carlo Pala
- Internal Medicine 1, A.O.U.University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Angelo Zinellu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, vl. San Pietro 43b, Sassari 07100, Italy
| | - Ciriaco Carru
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, vl. San Pietro 43b, Sassari 07100, Italy
| | - Luca Deiana
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, vl. San Pietro 43b, Sassari 07100, Italy.,Associazione "L'Isola dei Centenari", Via Milano 4, Sassari 07100, Italy
| |
Collapse
|