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Najafi S, Asemani Y, Majidpoor J, Mahmoudi R, Aghaei-Zarch SM, Mortezaee K. Tumor-educated platelets. Clin Chim Acta 2024; 552:117690. [PMID: 38056548 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2023.117690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2023] [Revised: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 12/02/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023]
Abstract
Beyond traditional roles in homeostasis and coagulation, growing evidence suggests that platelets also reflect malignant transformation in cancer. Platelets are present in the tumor microenvironment where they interact with cancer cells. This interaction results in direct and indirect "education" as evident by platelet alterations in adhesion molecules, glycoproteins, nucleic acids, proteins and various receptors. Subsequently, these tumor-educated platelets (TEPs) circulate throughout the body and play pivotal roles in promotion of tumor growth and dissemination. Accordingly, platelet status can be considered a unique blood-based biomarker that can potentially predict prognosis and therapeutic success. Recently, liquid biopsies including TEPs have received much attention as safe, minimally invasive and sensitive alternatives for patient management. Herein, we provide an overview of TEPs and explore their benefits and limitations in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sajad Najafi
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Cellular and Molecular Biology Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Yahya Asemani
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Jamal Majidpoor
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Infectious Diseases Research Center, Gonabad University of Medical Sciences, Gonabad, Iran
| | - Reza Mahmoudi
- Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed Mohsen Aghaei-Zarch
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Keywan Mortezaee
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran.
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2
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Zhao J, Huang A, Zeller J, Peter K, McFadyen JD. Decoding the role of platelets in tumour metastasis: enigmatic accomplices and intricate targets for anticancer treatments. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1256129. [PMID: 38106409 PMCID: PMC10722285 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1256129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023] Open
Abstract
The canonical role of platelets as central players in cardiovascular disease by way of their fundamental role in mediating thrombosis and haemostasis is well appreciated. However, there is now a large body of experimental evidence demonstrating that platelets are also pivotal in various physiological and pathophysiological processes other than maintaining haemostasis. Foremost amongst these is the emerging data highlighting the key role of platelets in driving cancer growth, metastasis and modulating the tumour microenvironment. As such, there is significant interest in targeting platelets therapeutically for the treatment of cancer. Therefore, the purpose of this review is to provide an overview of how platelets contribute to the cancer landscape and why platelets present as valuable targets for the development of novel cancer diagnosis tools and therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessie Zhao
- Department of Clinical Haematology, Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, VI, Australia
- Australian Centre for Blood Diseases, Monash University, Melbourne, VI, Australia
| | - Angela Huang
- Atherothrombosis and Vascular Biology Laboratory, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, VI, Australia
| | - Johannes Zeller
- Atherothrombosis and Vascular Biology Laboratory, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, VI, Australia
- Department of Plastic and Hand Surgery, Medical Center – University of Freiburg, Medical Faculty of the University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Karlheinz Peter
- Atherothrombosis and Vascular Biology Laboratory, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, VI, Australia
- Department of Cardiology, Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, VI, Australia
- Department of Cardiometabolic Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VI, Australia
- Department of Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VI, Australia
| | - James D. McFadyen
- Department of Clinical Haematology, Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, VI, Australia
- Australian Centre for Blood Diseases, Monash University, Melbourne, VI, Australia
- Atherothrombosis and Vascular Biology Laboratory, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, VI, Australia
- Department of Cardiometabolic Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VI, Australia
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3
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Kulkarni A, Bazou D, Santos-Martinez MJ. Bleeding and Thrombosis in Multiple Myeloma: Platelets as Key Players during Cell Interactions and Potential Use as Drug Delivery Systems. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:15855. [PMID: 37958838 PMCID: PMC10647631 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242115855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Revised: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/29/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Multiple myeloma (MM) is a hematological malignancy originated in the bone marrow and characterized by unhindered plasma cell proliferation that results in several clinical manifestations. Although the main role of blood platelets lies in hemostasis and thrombosis, platelets also play a pivotal role in a number of other pathological conditions. Platelets are the less-explored components from the tumor microenvironment in MM. Although some studies have recently revealed that MM cells have the ability to activate platelets even in the premalignant stage, this phenomenon has not been widely investigated in MM. Moreover, thrombocytopenia, along with bleeding, is commonly observed in those patients. In this review, we discuss the hemostatic disturbances observed in MM patients and the dynamic interaction between platelets and myeloma cells, along with present and future potential avenues for the use of platelets for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anushka Kulkarni
- The School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Trinity College Dublin, The University of Dublin, D02 PN40 Dublin, Ireland;
| | - Despina Bazou
- School of Medicine, University College Dublin, D04 V1W8 Dublin, Ireland;
| | - Maria José Santos-Martinez
- The School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Trinity College Dublin, The University of Dublin, D02 PN40 Dublin, Ireland;
- School of Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, D02 R590 Dublin, Ireland
- Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, D02 R590 Dublin, Ireland
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4
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Collinson RJ, Boey D, Wilson L, Ng ZY, Mirzai B, Chuah H, Leahy MF, Howman R, Linden M, Fuller K, Erber WN, Guo BB. PlateletSeq: A novel method for discovery of blood-based biomarkers. Methods 2023; 219:139-149. [PMID: 37813292 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymeth.2023.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Revised: 10/04/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Platelets are small circulating fragments of cells that play important roles in thrombosis, haemostasis, immune response, inflammation and cancer growth. Although anucleate, they contain a rich RNA repertoire which offers an opportunity to characterise changes in platelet gene expression in health and disease. Whilst this can be achieved with conventional RNA sequencing, a large input of high-quality RNA, and hence blood volume, is required (unless a pre-amplification step is added), along with specialist bioinformatic skills for data analysis and interpretation. We have developed a transcriptomics next-generation sequencing-based approach that overcomes these limitations. Termed PlateletSeq, this method requires very low levels of RNA input and does not require specialist bioinformatic analytical skills. Here we describe the methodology, from sample collection to processing and data analysis. Specifically, blood samples can be stored for up to 8 days at 4 °C prior to analysis. Platelets are isolated using multi-step centrifugation and a purity of ≤ 1 leucocyte per 0.26x106 platelets is optimal for gene expression analysis. We have applied PlateletSeq to normal adult blood samples and show there are no age-associated variations and only minor gender-associated differences. In contrast, platelets from patients with myeloproliferative neoplasms show differences in platelet transcript profiles from normal and between disease subtypes. This illustrates the potential applicability of PlateletSeq for biomarker discovery and studying platelet biology in patient samples. It also opens avenues for assessing platelet quality in other fields such as transfusion research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan J Collinson
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, W.A., Australia
| | - Darren Boey
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, W.A., Australia
| | - Lynne Wilson
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, W.A., Australia
| | - Zi Yun Ng
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, W.A., Australia; Royal Perth Hospital, Department of Health Western Australia, Perth, W.A., Australia
| | - Bob Mirzai
- PathWest Laboratory Medicine, Nedlands, W.A., Australia
| | - Hun Chuah
- Royal Perth Hospital, Department of Health Western Australia, Perth, W.A., Australia; PathWest Laboratory Medicine, Nedlands, W.A., Australia; Rockingham General Hospital, Department of Health Western Australia, Rockingham, W.A., Australia
| | - Michael F Leahy
- Royal Perth Hospital, Department of Health Western Australia, Perth, W.A., Australia; PathWest Laboratory Medicine, Nedlands, W.A., Australia; Medical School, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, W.A., Australia
| | - Rebecca Howman
- Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Department of Health Western Australia, Nedlands, W.A., Australia
| | - Matthew Linden
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, W.A., Australia
| | - Kathy Fuller
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, W.A., Australia
| | - Wendy N Erber
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, W.A., Australia; PathWest Laboratory Medicine, Nedlands, W.A., Australia
| | - Belinda B Guo
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, W.A., Australia.
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5
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Zhang W, Zhou H, Li H, Mou H, Yinwang E, Xue Y, Wang S, Zhang Y, Wang Z, Chen T, Sun H, Wang F, Zhang J, Chai X, Chen S, Li B, Zhang C, Gao J, Ye Z. Cancer cells reprogram to metastatic state through the acquisition of platelet mitochondria. Cell Rep 2023; 42:113147. [PMID: 37756158 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.113147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Revised: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Metastasis is the major cause of cancer deaths, and cancer cells evolve to adapt to various tumor microenvironments, which hinders the treatment of tumor metastasis. Platelets play critical roles in tumor development, especially during metastasis. Here, we elucidate the role of platelet mitochondria in tumor metastasis. Cancer cells are reprogrammed to a metastatic state through the acquisition of platelet mitochondria via the PINK1/Parkin-Mfn2 pathway. Furthermore, platelet mitochondria regulate the GSH/GSSG ratio and reactive oxygen species (ROS) in cancer cells to promote lung metastasis of osteosarcoma. Impairing platelet mitochondrial function has proven to be an efficient approach to impair metastasis, providing a direction for osteosarcoma therapy. Our findings demonstrate mitochondrial transfer between platelets and cancer cells and suggest a role for platelet mitochondria in tumor metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenkan Zhang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China; Orthopedics Research Institute of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China; Key Laboratory of Motor System Disease Research and Precision Therapy of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Hao Zhou
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China; Orthopedics Research Institute of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China; Key Laboratory of Motor System Disease Research and Precision Therapy of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Hengyuan Li
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China; Orthopedics Research Institute of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China; Key Laboratory of Motor System Disease Research and Precision Therapy of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Haochen Mou
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China; Orthopedics Research Institute of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China; Key Laboratory of Motor System Disease Research and Precision Therapy of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Eloy Yinwang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China; Orthopedics Research Institute of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China; Key Laboratory of Motor System Disease Research and Precision Therapy of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yucheng Xue
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China; Orthopedics Research Institute of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China; Key Laboratory of Motor System Disease Research and Precision Therapy of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Shengdong Wang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China; Orthopedics Research Institute of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China; Key Laboratory of Motor System Disease Research and Precision Therapy of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yongxing Zhang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China; Orthopedics Research Institute of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China; Key Laboratory of Motor System Disease Research and Precision Therapy of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zenan Wang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China; Orthopedics Research Institute of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China; Key Laboratory of Motor System Disease Research and Precision Therapy of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Tao Chen
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China; Orthopedics Research Institute of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China; Key Laboratory of Motor System Disease Research and Precision Therapy of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Hangxiang Sun
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China; Orthopedics Research Institute of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China; Key Laboratory of Motor System Disease Research and Precision Therapy of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Fangqian Wang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China; Orthopedics Research Institute of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China; Key Laboratory of Motor System Disease Research and Precision Therapy of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jiahao Zhang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China; Orthopedics Research Institute of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China; Key Laboratory of Motor System Disease Research and Precision Therapy of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xupeng Chai
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China; Orthopedics Research Institute of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China; Key Laboratory of Motor System Disease Research and Precision Therapy of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Shixin Chen
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China; Orthopedics Research Institute of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China; Key Laboratory of Motor System Disease Research and Precision Therapy of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Binghao Li
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China; Orthopedics Research Institute of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China; Key Laboratory of Motor System Disease Research and Precision Therapy of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Changqing Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200233, China.
| | - Junjie Gao
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200233, China.
| | - Zhaoming Ye
- Department of Orthopedics, Musculoskeletal Tumor Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, People's Republic of China; Institute of Orthopedic Research, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310009, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Motor System Disease Research and Precision Therapy of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China.
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6
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Forster S, Radpour R, Ochsenbein AF. Molecular and immunological mechanisms of clonal evolution in multiple myeloma. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1243997. [PMID: 37744361 PMCID: PMC10516567 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1243997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Multiple myeloma (MM) is a hematologic malignancy characterized by the proliferation of clonal plasma cells in the bone marrow (BM). It is known that early genetic mutations in post-germinal center B/plasma cells are the cause of myelomagenesis. The acquisition of additional chromosomal abnormalities and distinct mutations further promote the outgrowth of malignant plasma cell populations that are resistant to conventional treatments, finally resulting in relapsed and therapy-refractory terminal stages of MM. In addition, myeloma cells are supported by autocrine signaling pathways and the tumor microenvironment (TME), which consists of diverse cell types such as stromal cells, immune cells, and components of the extracellular matrix. The TME provides essential signals and stimuli that induce proliferation and/or prevent apoptosis. In particular, the molecular pathways by which MM cells interact with the TME are crucial for the development of MM. To generate successful therapies and prevent MM recurrence, a thorough understanding of the molecular mechanisms that drive MM progression and therapy resistance is essential. In this review, we summarize key mechanisms that promote myelomagenesis and drive the clonal expansion in the course of MM progression such as autocrine signaling cascades, as well as direct and indirect interactions between the TME and malignant plasma cells. In addition, we highlight drug-resistance mechanisms and emerging therapies that are currently tested in clinical trials to overcome therapy-refractory MM stages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Forster
- Tumor Immunology, Department for BioMedical Research (DBMR), University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Department of Medical Oncology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Ramin Radpour
- Tumor Immunology, Department for BioMedical Research (DBMR), University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Department of Medical Oncology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Adrian F. Ochsenbein
- Tumor Immunology, Department for BioMedical Research (DBMR), University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Department of Medical Oncology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
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7
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Uckun FM, Qazi S. Upregulated Expression of ERBB2/HER2 in Multiple Myeloma as a Predictor of Poor Survival Outcomes. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:9943. [PMID: 37373090 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24129943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Revised: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The main goal of the present study was to examine if the RNA-sequencing (RNAseq)-based ERBB2/HER2 expression level in malignant plasma cells from multiple myeloma (MM) patients has clinical significance for treatment outcomes and survival. We examined the relationship between the RNAseq-based ERBB2 messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) levels in malignant plasma cells and survival outcomes in 787 MM patients treated on contemporary standard regimens. ERBB2 was expressed at significantly higher levels than ERBB1 as well as ERBB3 across all three stages of the disease. Upregulated expression of ERBB2 mRNA in MM cells was correlated with amplified expression of mRNAs for transcription factors (TF) that recognize the ERBB2 gene promoter sites. Patients with higher levels of ERBB2 mRNA in their malignant plasma cells experienced significantly increased cancer mortality, shorter progression-free survival, and worse overall survival than other patients. The adverse impact of high ERBB2 expression on patient survival outcomes remained significant in multivariate Cox proportional hazards models that accounted for the effects of other prognostic factors. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first demonstration of an adverse prognostic impact of high-level ERBB2 expression in MM patients. Our results encourage further evaluation of the prognostic significance of high-level ERBB2 mRNA expression and the clinical potential of ERBB2-targeting therapeutics as personalized medicines to overcome cancer drug resistance in high-risk as well as relapsed/refractory MM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatih M Uckun
- Immuno-Oncology Program, Ares Pharmaceuticals, St. Paul, MN 55110, USA
| | - Sanjive Qazi
- Immuno-Oncology Program, Ares Pharmaceuticals, St. Paul, MN 55110, USA
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8
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Natoni A, Cerreto M, De Propris MS, Petrucci MT, Fazio F, Intoppa S, Milani ML, Kirkham-McCarthy L, Henderson R, Swan D, Guarini A, O'Dwyer M, Foà R. Sialofucosylation Enables Platelet Binding to Myeloma Cells via P-Selectin and Suppresses NK Cell-Mediated Cytotoxicity. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15072154. [PMID: 37046814 PMCID: PMC10093642 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15072154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Revised: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 04/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Multiple myeloma (MM) is a plasma cell disorder that develops in the bone marrow (BM) and is characterized by uncontrolled proliferation and the ability to disseminate to different sites of the skeleton. Sialofucosylated structures, particularly Sialyl Lewis a/x (SLea/x), facilitate the homing of MM cells into the BM, leading to resistance to bortezomib in vivo. Platelets have been shown to play an important role in tumor metastasis. Platelets can bind to the surface of cancer cells, forming a "cloak" that protects them from the shear stress of the bloodstream and natural killer (NK) cell-mediated cytotoxicity. In this study, we showed that the presence of SLea/x induced a strong binding of MM cells to P-selectin, leading to specific and direct interactions with platelets, which could be inhibited by a P-selectin-blocking antibody. Importantly, platelets surrounded SLea/x-enriched MM cells, protecting them from NK cell-mediated cytotoxicity. The interactions between the platelets and MM cells were also detected in BM samples obtained from MM patients. Platelet binding to SLea/x-enriched MM cells was increased in patients with symptomatic disease and at relapse. These data suggest an important role of SLea/x and platelets in MM disease progression and resistance to therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Natoni
- Hematology, Department of Translational and Precision Medicine, Sapienza University, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Marina Cerreto
- Hematology, Department of Translational and Precision Medicine, Sapienza University, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Stefania De Propris
- Hematology, Department of Translational and Precision Medicine, Sapienza University, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Teresa Petrucci
- Hematology, Department of Translational and Precision Medicine, Sapienza University, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Francesca Fazio
- Hematology, Department of Translational and Precision Medicine, Sapienza University, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Stefania Intoppa
- Hematology, Department of Translational and Precision Medicine, Sapienza University, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Laura Milani
- Hematology, Department of Translational and Precision Medicine, Sapienza University, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Lucy Kirkham-McCarthy
- Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, National University of Ireland Galway, H91 TK33 Galway, Ireland
| | - Robert Henderson
- Department of Haematology, Galway University Hospital, H71 YR71 Galway, Ireland
| | - Dawn Swan
- Department of Haematology, Galway University Hospital, H71 YR71 Galway, Ireland
| | - Anna Guarini
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Michael O'Dwyer
- Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, National University of Ireland Galway, H91 TK33 Galway, Ireland
| | - Robin Foà
- Hematology, Department of Translational and Precision Medicine, Sapienza University, 00161 Rome, Italy
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9
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Jin J, Shao Y, Zhang J, Cao J, Tao Z, Hu X. High-purity isolation platelets by gradient centrifugation plus filtration. Int J Lab Hematol 2023; 45:187-194. [PMID: 36470678 DOI: 10.1111/ijlh.13998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2022] [Accepted: 11/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Platelets can be used as a liquid biopsy source to provide rapid, up-to-date, and relevant information on tumor pathology and treatment response. However, there is still a lack of high efficiency methods for platelet isolation with high purity. METHODS Three platelet isolation methods were evaluated by platelet recovery and purity. The platelet inhibition cocktail (PIC) was added into peripheral blood, or was not allowed to access the effect of the platelet activation. The CD61, CD45, and CD62P labelled platelets, leukocytes and activated platelets were detected by flow cytometry. Quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) and next-generation sequencing (NGS) were employed to determine the gene expression levels. A time-dependent experiment combined with qPCR was used to determine the time limit for platelet isolation at room temperature. RESULTS Compared to the gradient centrifugation alone, and gradient centrifugation plus filtration and magnetic beads separation, gradient centrifugation plus filtration was the preferred method for more efficient and high-purity platelet isolation, with a recovery rate of 9.1% and a purity of 99.98%. Furthermore, there was no difference in platelet activation level, regardless of whether PIC was used. Moreover, the rate of platelet RNA degradation did not differ when platelets were isolated within 48 h of blood collection. CONCLUSION Gradient centrifugation plus filtration at room temperature within 48 h of blood collection, without PIC, is a novel protocol with high recovery and purity rate to isolate platelets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Jin
- Department of Lymphoma, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yilin Shao
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Jian Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Phase I Clinical Trial Center, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Junning Cao
- Department of Lymphoma, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhonghua Tao
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Department of Breast and Urological Medical Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Xichun Hu
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Department of Breast and Urological Medical Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
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10
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Zhang C, Wu S, Chen B. A novel prognostic model based on pyroptosis-related genes for multiple myeloma. BMC Med Genomics 2023; 16:32. [PMID: 36823654 PMCID: PMC9948482 DOI: 10.1186/s12920-023-01455-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Accepted: 02/11/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Multiple myeloma (MM) is an incurable and relapse-prone disease with apparently prognostic heterogeneity. At present, the risk stratification of myeloma is still incomplete. Pyroptosis, a type of programmed cell death, has been shown to regulate tumor growth and may have potential prognostic value. However, the role of pyroptosis-related genes (PRGs) in MM remains undetermined. The aims of this study were to identify potential prognostic biomarkers and to construct a predictive model related to PRGs. METHODS Sequencing and clinical data were obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) databases. Non-negative matrix factorization (NMF) was performed to identify molecular subtype screening. LASSO regression was used to screen for prognostic markers, and then a risk score model was constructed. The Maxstat package was utilized to calculate the optimal cutoff value, according to which patients were divided into a high-risk group and a low-risk group, and the survival curves were plotted using the Kaplan-Meier (K-M) method. Nomograms and calibration curves were established using the rms package. RESULTS A total of 33 PRGs were extracted from the TCGA database underlying which 4 MM molecular subtypes were defined. Patients in cluster 1 had poorer survival than those in cluster 2 (p = 0.035). A total of 9 PRGs were screened out as prognostic markers, and the predictive ability of the 9-gene risk score for 3-year survival was best (AUC = 0.658). Patients in the high-risk group had worse survival than those in the low-risk group (p < 0.001), which was consistent with the results verified by the GSE2658 dataset. The nomogram constructed by gender, age, International Staging System (ISS) stage, and risk score had the best prognostic predictive performance with a c-index of 0.721. CONCLUSION Our model could enhance the predictive ability of ISS staging and give a reference for clinical decision-making. The new, prognostic, and pyroptosis-related markers screened out by us may facilitate the development of novel risk stratification for MM. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION Not applicable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cuiling Zhang
- grid.41156.370000 0001 2314 964XDepartment of Hematology, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, 210008 Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Sungui Wu
- grid.410745.30000 0004 1765 1045Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 210023 Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Bing Chen
- Department of Hematology, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, 210008, Nanjing, People's Republic of China. .,Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 210023, Nanjing, People's Republic of China.
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11
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Xu J, Song J, Yang Z, Zhao J, Wang J, Sun C, Zhu X. Pre-treatment systemic immune-inflammation index as a non-invasive biomarker for predicting clinical outcomes in patients with renal cell carcinoma: a meta-analysis of 20 studies. Biomarkers 2023; 28:249-262. [PMID: 36598268 DOI: 10.1080/1354750x.2023.2164906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION To systematically assess the predictive significance of systemic immune-inflammation index (SII) in renal cell carcinoma (RCC). METHODS Relevant studies published before November 2022 were retrieved from public databases. Hazard ratio (HR), standardised mean difference (SMD) and relative risk (RR) were calculated to estimate associations of SII with prognosis, treatment responses and clinicopathological features. RESULTS Twenty studies involving 6887 patients were eligible. The meta-analysis results revealed a high SII level was associated with worse overall survival (HR: 1.45, p < 0.001), progression-free survival (HR: 1.63, p = 0.001), cancer-specific survival (HR: 1.86, p < 0.001), lower overall response rate (RR: 0.62, p = 0.003), disease control rate (RR: 0.69, p = 0.002), larger tumour size (SMD: 0.39, p = 0.001), poorer IMDC risk (RR: 7.09, p < 0.001), higher Fuhrman grade (RR: 1.54, p = 0.004), tumour stage (RR: 1.67, p = 0.045), the presence of distant metastasis (brain: RR, 2.04, p = 0.001; bone: RR, 1.33, p = 0.024) and tumour necrosis (RR: 1.57, p = 0.031). Subgroup analysis showed SII predicted OS and PFS for non-Asian, but CSS for both Asian and non-Asian populations. CONCLUSION Pre-treatment SII may be a promising predictor of clinical outcomes for RCC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Xu
- Department of Radiotherapy, Shaoxing People's Hospital, Shaoxing, Zhejiang, China
| | - Junying Song
- Department of Planned Immunization, Shinan District Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Zhenhua Yang
- School Health Department, West Coast New Area Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Jianguo Zhao
- Department of Oncology Radiotherapy, Shaoxing People's Hospital, Shaoxing, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jianfang Wang
- Department of Oncology Radiotherapy, Shaoxing People's Hospital, Shaoxing, Zhejiang, China
| | - Caiping Sun
- Department of Oncology Radiotherapy, Shaoxing People's Hospital, Shaoxing, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiaoling Zhu
- Department of Oncology Radiotherapy, Shaoxing People's Hospital, Shaoxing, Zhejiang, China
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12
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Iskrzak J, Zygmunciak P, Misiewicz-Krzemińska I, Puła B. Extracellular Vesicles in Multiple Myeloma-Cracking the Code to a Better Understanding of the Disease. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14225575. [PMID: 36428668 PMCID: PMC9688731 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14225575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2022] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Multiple myeloma (MM) is a plasma cell-derived malignancy that stands for around 1.5% of newly discovered cancer cases. Despite constantly improving treatment methods, the disease is incurable with over 13,000 deaths in the US and over 30,000 in Europe. Recent studies suggest that extracellular vesicles (EVs) might play a significant role in the pathogenesis and evolution of MM. Further investigation of their role could prove to be beneficial in establishing new therapies and hence, improve the prognosis of MM patients. What is more, EVs might serve as novel markers in diagnosing and monitoring the disease. Great advancements concerning the position of EVs in the pathophysiology of MM have recently been shown in research and in this review, we would like to delve into the still expanding state of knowledge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justyna Iskrzak
- Medical University of Warsaw, 02-091 Warsaw, Poland
- Institute of Hematology and Transfusion Medicine, Indira Gandhi Str. 14, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Przemysław Zygmunciak
- Medical University of Warsaw, 02-091 Warsaw, Poland
- Institute of Hematology and Transfusion Medicine, Indira Gandhi Str. 14, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Irena Misiewicz-Krzemińska
- Department of Experimental Hematology, Institute of Hematology and Transfusion Medicine, Chocimska Str. 5, 00-791 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Bartosz Puła
- Department of Hematology, Institute of Hematology and Transfusion Medicine, Indira Gandhi Str. 14, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-223-496-302; Fax: +48-223-496-335
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13
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Morris K, Schnoor B, Papa AL. Platelet cancer cell interplay as a new therapeutic target. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2022; 1877:188770. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2022.188770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2022] [Revised: 07/27/2022] [Accepted: 07/27/2022] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
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14
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Forster S, Radpour R. Molecular Impact of the Tumor Microenvironment on Multiple Myeloma Dissemination and Extramedullary Disease. Front Oncol 2022; 12:941437. [PMID: 35847862 PMCID: PMC9284036 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.941437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2022] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Multiple myeloma (MM) is the most common malignant monoclonal disease of plasma cells. Aside from classical chemotherapy and glucocorticoids, proteasome inhibitors, immunomodulatory agents and monoclonal antibodies are used in the current treatment scheme of MM. The tumor microenvironment (TME) plays a fundamental role in the development and progression of numerous solid and non-solid cancer entities. In MM, the survival and expansion of malignant plasma cell clones heavily depends on various direct and indirect signaling pathways provided by the surrounding bone marrow (BM) niche. In a number of MM patients, single plasma cell clones lose their BM dependency and are capable to engraft at distant body sites or organs. The resulting condition is defined as an extramedullary myeloma (EMM). EMMs are highly aggressive disease stages linked to a dismal prognosis. Emerging literature demonstrates that the dynamic interactions between the TME and malignant plasma cells affect myeloma dissemination. In this review, we aim to summarize how the cellular and non-cellular BM compartments can promote plasma cells to exit their BM niche and metastasize to distant intra-or extramedullary locations. In addition, we list selected therapy concepts that directly target the TME with the potential to prevent myeloma spread.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Forster
- Tumor Immunology, Department for BioMedical Research (DBMR), University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Department of Medical Oncology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Ramin Radpour
- Tumor Immunology, Department for BioMedical Research (DBMR), University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Department of Medical Oncology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- *Correspondence: Ramin Radpour,
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15
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Li L, Roest M, Sang Y, Remijn JA, Fijnheer R, Smit K, Huskens D, Wan J, de Laat B, Konings J. Patients With Multiple Myeloma Have a Disbalanced Whole Blood Thrombin Generation Profile. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:919495. [PMID: 35833182 PMCID: PMC9271700 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.919495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2022] [Accepted: 05/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Multiple myeloma (MM) is associated with a high prevalence of bleeding and an increased risk of thrombo-embolism. MM patients have reduced platelet- and red blood cell (RBC) numbers in blood, which may indicate that the paradoxical hemostasis profile is a consequence of a disturbed platelet and RBC homeostasis. Objectives To get better insight in the disbalanced hemostasis of MM patients. Methods We conducted a case-control study on the whole blood (WB) coagulation profiles of 21 MM patients and 21 controls. We measured thrombin generation (TG) in WB and platelet poor plasma (PPP) of MM patients and controls. Results In WB-TG, we observed that the median time to the thrombin Peak was 52% longer in MM patients than in controls, while the median endogenous thrombin potential until the Peak (ETPp) was 39% higher in MM-patients than in controls. In line with these findings, the levels of platelets, RBCs, white blood cells and agonist induced platelet activation were decreased in MM patients compared to controls. The plasma TG experiments showed no differences between MM-patients and controls. Conclusion Patients with MM have a disturbed blood cell metabolism and a disbalanced WB-TG profile. This disbalance may explain the paradoxically high prevalence of bleeding symptoms in MM patients vs. an increased thrombosis risk. There was no disturbance observed in plasma TG, indicating that blood cells are the major determinants for the disbalanced hemostasis in MM patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Li
- Department of Platelet Pathophysiology, Synapse Research Institute, Maastricht, Netherlands
- Department of Biochemistry, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Mark Roest
- Department of Platelet Pathophysiology, Synapse Research Institute, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Yaqiu Sang
- Department of Platelet Pathophysiology, Synapse Research Institute, Maastricht, Netherlands
- Department of Biochemistry, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Jasper A. Remijn
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Meander Medical Center, Amersfoort, Netherlands
| | - Rob Fijnheer
- Department of Internal Medicine, Meander Medical Center, Amersfoort, Netherlands
| | - Karel Smit
- Department of Internal Medicine, Meander Medical Center, Amersfoort, Netherlands
| | - Dana Huskens
- Department of Platelet Pathophysiology, Synapse Research Institute, Maastricht, Netherlands
- Department of Functional Coagulation, Synapse Research Institute, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Jun Wan
- Department of Biochemistry, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
- Department of Functional Coagulation, Synapse Research Institute, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Bas de Laat
- Department of Platelet Pathophysiology, Synapse Research Institute, Maastricht, Netherlands
- Department of Functional Coagulation, Synapse Research Institute, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Joke Konings
- Department of Platelet Pathophysiology, Synapse Research Institute, Maastricht, Netherlands
- Department of Functional Coagulation, Synapse Research Institute, Maastricht, Netherlands
- *Correspondence: Joke Konings
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16
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Krishnan A, Thomas S. Toward platelet transcriptomics in cancer diagnosis, prognosis and therapy. Br J Cancer 2022; 126:316-322. [PMID: 34811507 PMCID: PMC8810955 DOI: 10.1038/s41416-021-01627-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2021] [Revised: 10/26/2021] [Accepted: 11/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Widespread adoption of next-generation techniques such as RNA-sequencing (RNA-seq) has enabled research examining the transcriptome of anucleate blood platelets in health and disease, thus revealing a rich platelet transcriptomic signature that is reprogrammed in response to disease. Platelet signatures not only capture information from parent megakaryocytes and progenitor hematopoietic stem cells but also the bone marrow microenvironment, and underlying disease states. In cancer, the substantive body of research in patients with solid tumours has identified distinct signatures in 'tumour-educated platelets', reflecting influences of the tumour, stroma and vasculature on splicing, sequestration of tumour-derived RNAs, and potentially cytokine and microvesicle influences on megakaryocytes. More recently, platelet RNA expression has emerged as a highly sensitive approach to profiling chronic progressive haematologic malignancies, where the combination of large data cohorts and machine-learning algorithms enables precise feature selection and potential prognostication. Despite these advances, however, our ability to translate platelet transcriptomics toward clinical diagnostic and prognostic efforts remains limited. In this Perspective, we present a few actionable steps for our basic, translational and clinical research communities in advancing the utility of the platelet transcriptome as a highly sensitive biomarker in cancer and collectively enable efforts toward clinical translation and patient benefit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anandi Krishnan
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.
- Stanford Cancer Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
| | - Sally Thomas
- Department of Oncology and Metabolism, University of Sheffield Medical School, Sheffield, UK
- Department of Haematology, Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Sheffield, UK
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17
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Zhang X, Duan J, Wen Z, Xiong H, Chen X, Liu Y, Liao K, Huang C. Are the Derived Indexes of Peripheral Whole Blood Cell Counts (NLR, PLR, LMR/MLR) Clinically Significant Prognostic Biomarkers in Multiple Myeloma? A Systematic Review And Meta-Analysis. Front Oncol 2021; 11:766672. [PMID: 34888244 PMCID: PMC8650157 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.766672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2021] [Accepted: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Multiple myeloma (MM) is an incurable malignant plasma cell tumor. Whole blood cell count (WBCC) derived indexes are widely used as a predictive biomarker for various types of solid and hematological malignant tumors. Our study is to evaluate its effectiveness in MM by meta-analysis. Methods Relevant literatures were retrieved from PubMed, Embase and Web of Science databases according to PRISMA guideline. All relevant parameters were extracted and combined for statistical analysis. Results Nineteen studies incorporating 3818 MM patients were eventually included in this meta-analysis. 13 studies evaluated that elevated NLR was significantly associated with poor survival outcomes (OS: HR=2.04, P<0.001; PFS: HR=1.96, P=0.003). Elevated NLR was revealed to correlate with ISS stage (ISS III VS I-II, OR=2.23, P=0.003). A total of 7 studies have shown that elevated LMR predicts a better prognosis in MM patients (OS: HR=0.57, P<0.001; PFS: HR=0.49, P<0.05), and two other studies demonstrated that increased MLR was related to poor OS/PFS (OS: HR=1.58, P<0.05; PFS: HR=1.60, P<0.05). However, in the other 6 studies including 1560 patients, the prognostic value of PLR had not been confirmed (OS: HR=0.89, P>0.05; PFS: HR=0.87, P>0.05). Conclusions The indexes NLR and LMR/MLR derived from WBCC were validated to be useful biomarkers to predict the prognosis in MM patients, but the evidence of PLR was insufficient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinwen Zhang
- Stem Cell Laboratory, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China.,Department of Hematology, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Jialin Duan
- Stem Cell Laboratory, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China.,Department of Hematology, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Zhenyu Wen
- Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Hao Xiong
- Stem Cell Laboratory, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China.,Department of Hematology, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Xiaomin Chen
- Stem Cell Laboratory, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China.,Department of Hematology, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Stem Cell Laboratory, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China.,Department of Hematology, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Kunyu Liao
- Stem Cell Laboratory, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China.,Department of Hematology, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Chunlan Huang
- Stem Cell Laboratory, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China.,Department of Hematology, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
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18
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Mai S, Inkielewicz-Stepniak I. Pancreatic Cancer and Platelets Crosstalk: A Potential Biomarker and Target. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:749689. [PMID: 34858977 PMCID: PMC8631477 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.749689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Accepted: 10/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Platelets have been recognized as key players in hemostasis, thrombosis, and cancer. Preclinical and clinical researches evidenced that tumorigenesis and metastasis can be promoted by platelets through a wide variety of crosstalk between cancer cells and platelets. Pancreatic cancer is a devastating disease with high morbidity and mortality worldwide. Although the relationship between pancreatic cancer and platelets in clinical diagnosis is described, the interplay between pancreatic cancer and platelets, the underlying pathological mechanism and pathways remain a matter of intensive study. This review summaries recent researches in connections between platelets and pancreatic cancer. The existing data showed different underlying mechanisms were involved in their complex crosstalk. Typically, pancreatic tumor accelerates platelet aggregation which forms thrombosis. Furthermore, extracellular vesicles released by platelets promote communication in a neoplastic microenvironment and illustrate how these interactions drive disease progression. We also discuss the advantages of novel model organoids in pancreatic cancer research. A more in-depth understanding of tumor and platelets crosstalk which is based on organoids and translational therapies may provide potential diagnostic and therapeutic strategies for pancreatic cancer progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaoshan Mai
- Department of Pharmaceutical Pathophysiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Iwona Inkielewicz-Stepniak
- Department of Pharmaceutical Pathophysiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland
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19
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Wolf B, Jeliazkova-Mecheva V, Del Rio-Espinola A, Boisclair J, Walker D, Cochin De Billy B, Flaherty M, Flandre T. An afucosylated anti-CD32b monoclonal antibody induced platelet-mediated adverse events in a human Fcγ receptor transgenic mouse model and its potential human translatability. Toxicol Sci 2021; 185:89-104. [PMID: 34687301 DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfab124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
To assess the safety and tolerability of NVS32b, a monoclonal, afucosylated, anti-CD32b (FCGR2B) antibody we used a humanized transgenic (Tg) mouse model that expresses all human Fc gamma receptors (FCGRs) while lacking all mouse FCGRs. Prior to its use, we extensively characterized the model. We found expression of all human FCGRs in a pattern similar to humans with some exceptions, such as low CD32 expression on T cells (detected with the pan CD32 antibody but more notably with the CD32b-specific antibody), variation in the transgene copy number, integration of additional human genes, and overall higher expression of all FCGRs on myeloid cells compared to human. Unexpectedly, NVS32b induced severe acute generalized thrombosis in huFCGR mice upon iv dosing. Mechanistic evaluation on huFCGR and human platelets revealed distinct binding, activation and aggregation driven by NVS32b in both species. In huFCGR mice, the anti-CD32b antibody NVS32b binds platelet CD32a via both Fc and/or CDR (complementarity determining region) causing their activation while in human, NVS32b-binding requires platelet pre-activation and interaction of platelet CD32a via the Fc portion and an unknown platelet epitope via the CDR portion of NVS32b. We deemed the huFCGR mice to be over-predictive of the NVS32b-associated human thrombotic risk. Impact: In this study we elucidated the mechanism based on the thrombotic adverse events observed in huFCGR mice upon NVS32B dosing and were able to identify this safety liability which led to program termination. Therefore, this mouse model could be useful in research of immunotherapies targeting or involving FCGRs. Potential biological implications resulting from species differences in the FCGR expression pattern are nevertheless important to consider.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Wolf
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Basel, Switzerland
| | | | | | - J Boisclair
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Basel, Switzerland
| | - D Walker
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | | | - M Flaherty
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - T Flandre
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Basel, Switzerland
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20
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Murdaca G, Allegra A, Paladin F, Calapai F, Musolino C, Gangemi S. Involvement of Alarmins in the Pathogenesis and Progression of Multiple Myeloma. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:9039. [PMID: 34445745 PMCID: PMC8396675 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22169039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2021] [Revised: 08/17/2021] [Accepted: 08/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Multiple Myeloma (MM) is a haematological disease resulting from the neoplastic transformation of plasma cells. The uncontrolled growth of plasma cells in the bone marrow and the delivery of several cytokines causes bone erosion that often does not regress, even in the event of disease remission. MM is characterised by a multi-step evolutionary path, which starts with an early asymptomatic stage defined as monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS) evolving to overt disease. DATA SOURCES AND STUDY SELECTION We have selected scientific publications on the specific topics "alarmis, MGUS, and MM", drawing from PubMed. The keywords we used were alarmines, MGUS, MM, and immune system. RESULTS The analysis confirms the pivotal role of molecules such as high-mobility group box-1, heat shock proteins, and S100 proteins in the induction of neoangiogenesis, which represents a milestone in the negative evolution of MM as well as other haematological and non-haematological tumours. CONCLUSIONS Modulation of the host immune system and the inhibition of neoangiogenesis may represent the therapeutic target for the treatment of MM that is capable of promoting better survival and reducing the risk of RRMM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Murdaca
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, Ospedale Policlinico San Martino IRCCS, 20132 Genoa, Italy;
| | - Alessandro Allegra
- Division of Hematology, Department of Human Pathology in Adulthood and Childhood “Gaetano Barresi”, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy; (A.A.); (C.M.)
| | - Francesca Paladin
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, Ospedale Policlinico San Martino IRCCS, 20132 Genoa, Italy;
| | - Fabrizio Calapai
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, 98168 Messina, Italy;
| | - Caterina Musolino
- Division of Hematology, Department of Human Pathology in Adulthood and Childhood “Gaetano Barresi”, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy; (A.A.); (C.M.)
| | - Sebastiano Gangemi
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, School and Operative Unit of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy;
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21
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Platelet hyperactivation and hyporesponsiveness at diagnosis in multiple myeloma persists during treatment initiation. Thromb Res 2021; 203:186-189. [PMID: 34033940 DOI: 10.1016/j.thromres.2021.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2021] [Revised: 04/16/2021] [Accepted: 05/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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22
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Abstract
Platelets have long been known to play important roles beyond hemostasis and thrombosis. Now recognized as a bona fide mediator of malignant disease, platelets influence various aspects of cancer progression, most notably tumor cell metastasis. Interestingly, platelets isolated from cancer patients often display distinct RNA and protein profiles, with no clear alterations in hemostatic activity. This phenotypically distinct population, termed tumor-educated platelets, now receive significant attention for their potential use as a readily available liquid biopsy for early cancer detection. Although the mechanisms underpinning platelet education are still being defined, direct uptake and storage of tumor-derived factors, signal-dependent changes in platelet RNA processing, and differential platelet production by tumor-educated megakaryocytes are the most prominent scenarios. This article aims to cover the various modalities of platelet education by tumors, in addition to assessing their diagnostic potential.
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23
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The Role of Tumor Microenvironment in Multiple Myeloma Development and Progression. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13020217. [PMID: 33435306 PMCID: PMC7827690 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13020217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Revised: 01/04/2021] [Accepted: 01/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Multiple Myeloma (MM) is a hematologic malignancy caused by aberrant plasma cell proliferation in the bone marrow (BM) and constitutes the second most common hematological disease after non-Hodgkin lymphoma. The disease progression is drastically regulated by the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME) generated by soluble factors and different cells that naturally reside in the BM. This microenvironment does not remain unchanged and alterations favor cancer dissemination. Despite therapeutic advances over the past 15 years, MM remains incurable and therefore understanding the elements that control the TME in MM would allow better-targeted therapies to cure this disease. In this review, we discuss the main events and changes that occur in the BM milieu during MM development. Abstract Multiple myeloma (MM) is a hematologic cancer characterized by clonal proliferation of plasma cells in the bone marrow (BM). The progression, from the early stages of the disease as monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS) and smoldering multiple myeloma (SMM) to MM and occasionally extramedullary disease, is drastically affected by the tumor microenvironment (TME). Soluble factors and direct cell–cell interactions regulate MM plasma cell trafficking and homing to the BM niche. Mesenchymal stromal cells, osteoclasts, osteoblasts, myeloid and lymphoid cells present in the BM create a unique milieu that favors MM plasma cell immune evasion and promotes disease progression. Moreover, TME is implicated in malignant cell protection against anti-tumor therapy. This review describes the main cellular and non-cellular components located in the BM, which condition the immunosuppressive environment and lead the MM establishment and progression.
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Takagi S, Sasaki Y, Koike S, Takemoto A, Seto Y, Haraguchi M, Ukaji T, Kawaguchi T, Sugawara M, Saito M, Funauchi Y, Ae K, Matsumoto S, Fujita N, Katayama R. Platelet-derived lysophosphatidic acid mediated LPAR1 activation as a therapeutic target for osteosarcoma metastasis. Oncogene 2021; 40:5548-5558. [PMID: 34302117 PMCID: PMC8429042 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-021-01956-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2021] [Revised: 07/02/2021] [Accepted: 07/09/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Osteosarcoma is the most common primary malignant bone cancer, with high rates of pulmonary metastasis. Osteosarcoma patients with pulmonary metastasis have worse prognosis than those with localized disease, leading to dramatically reduced survival rates. Therefore, understanding the biological characteristics of metastatic osteosarcoma and the molecular mechanisms of invasion and metastasis of osteosarcoma cells will lead to the development of innovative therapeutic intervention for advanced osteosarcoma. Here, we identified that osteosarcoma cells commonly exhibit high platelet activation-inducing characteristics, and molecules released from activated platelets promote the invasiveness of osteosarcoma cells. Given that heat-denatured platelet releasate maintained the ability to promote osteosarcoma invasion, we focused on heat-tolerant molecules, such as lipid mediators in the platelet releasate. Osteosarcoma-induced platelet activation leads to abundant lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) release. Exposure to LPA or platelet releasate induced morphological changes and increased invasiveness of osteosarcoma cells. By analyzing publicly available transcriptome datasets and our in-house osteosarcoma patient-derived xenograft tumors, we found that LPA receptor 1 (LPAR1) is notably upregulated in osteosarcoma. LPAR1 gene KO in osteosarcoma cells abolished the platelet-mediated osteosarcoma invasion in vitro and the formation of early pulmonary metastatic foci in experimental pulmonary metastasis models. Of note, the pharmacological inhibition of LPAR1 by the orally available LPAR1 antagonist, ONO-7300243, prevented pulmonary metastasis of osteosarcoma in the mouse models. These results indicate that the LPA-LPAR1 axis is essential for the osteosarcoma invasion and metastasis, and targeting LPAR1 would be a promising therapeutic intervention for advanced osteosarcoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satoshi Takagi
- grid.410807.a0000 0001 0037 4131Division of Experimental Chemotherapy, Cancer Chemotherapy Center, Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuki Sasaki
- grid.410807.a0000 0001 0037 4131Division of Experimental Chemotherapy, Cancer Chemotherapy Center, Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Sumie Koike
- grid.410807.a0000 0001 0037 4131Division of Experimental Chemotherapy, Cancer Chemotherapy Center, Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ai Takemoto
- grid.410807.a0000 0001 0037 4131Division of Experimental Chemotherapy, Cancer Chemotherapy Center, Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yosuke Seto
- grid.410807.a0000 0001 0037 4131Division of Experimental Chemotherapy, Cancer Chemotherapy Center, Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mizuki Haraguchi
- grid.410807.a0000 0001 0037 4131Division of Experimental Chemotherapy, Cancer Chemotherapy Center, Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takao Ukaji
- grid.410807.a0000 0001 0037 4131Division of Experimental Chemotherapy, Cancer Chemotherapy Center, Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tokuichi Kawaguchi
- grid.410807.a0000 0001 0037 4131Project for Development of Genomics-based Cancer Medicine, Cancer Precision Medicine Center, Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Minoru Sugawara
- grid.410807.a0000 0001 0037 4131Project for Development of Genomics-based Cancer Medicine, Cancer Precision Medicine Center, Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masanori Saito
- grid.410807.a0000 0001 0037 4131Department of Orthopedic Oncology, Cancer Institute Hospital, Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuki Funauchi
- grid.410807.a0000 0001 0037 4131Department of Orthopedic Oncology, Cancer Institute Hospital, Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Keisuke Ae
- grid.410807.a0000 0001 0037 4131Department of Orthopedic Oncology, Cancer Institute Hospital, Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Seiichi Matsumoto
- grid.410807.a0000 0001 0037 4131Sarcoma Center, Cancer Institute Hospital, Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Naoya Fujita
- grid.410807.a0000 0001 0037 4131Cancer Chemotherapy Center, Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ryohei Katayama
- grid.410807.a0000 0001 0037 4131Division of Experimental Chemotherapy, Cancer Chemotherapy Center, Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research, Tokyo, Japan
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25
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Rethnam M, Tan DQ, Suda T. Myeloma cells self-promote migration by regulating TAB1-driven TIMP-1 expression in mesenchymal stem cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2020; 534:843-848. [PMID: 33183761 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2020.10.093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2020] [Accepted: 10/28/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Multiple myeloma (MM) is an intractable hematological malignancy characterized by abnormal plasma cells in the bone marrow (BM) and increased osteolytic lesions. Within the BM niche, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been proposed to contribute to functionally important MM-MSC interactions. However, despite various studies on MM pathology, the impact of MM on MSCs during the early stages of malignancy has not been adequately addressed. We previously identified tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinase 1 (TIMP-1) as a cytokine that is modulated in vivo within the MM BM niche, and highlighted its potential relevance in MM. Given the role of TIMP-1 in preventing migration of breast cancer cells, this study aimed to investigate the relationship between MSC-secreted TIMP-1 and MM progression. Here, we examined the effect of MSC-derived TIMP-1 on MM cell migration, and found that TIMP-1 secreted by human MSCs play a role in preventing migration of MM cells by reducing the levels of MM cell-derived MMP-9. We also investigated how MM cells regulate expression of TIMP-1 in MSCs. Using a knockdown approach in MSCs, we implicated TGF-B activated kinase 1 binding protein 1 (TAB1) as an upstream effector of TIMP-1 that was downregulated in the presence of MM cells, which resulted in reduced TIMP-1 secretion. Overall, our findings uncover how MSCs in the MM BM niche are modulated to promote MM progression, and unravel a previously unreported role of the TAB1-TIMP-1 axis in the context of the MM BM niche.
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Affiliation(s)
- Malini Rethnam
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, 14 Medical Drive, #12-01, 117599, Singapore.
| | - Darren Qiancheng Tan
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, 14 Medical Drive, #12-01, 117599, Singapore.
| | - Toshio Suda
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, 14 Medical Drive, #12-01, 117599, Singapore; International Research Center for Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 2-2-1 Honjo, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto City, 860-0811, Japan.
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26
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Sol N, In 't Veld SGJG, Vancura A, Tjerkstra M, Leurs C, Rustenburg F, Schellen P, Verschueren H, Post E, Zwaan K, Ramaker J, Wedekind LE, Tannous J, Ylstra B, Killestein J, Mateen F, Idema S, de Witt Hamer PC, Navis AC, Leenders WPJ, Hoeben A, Moraal B, Noske DP, Vandertop WP, Nilsson RJA, Tannous BA, Wesseling P, Reijneveld JC, Best MG, Wurdinger T. Tumor-Educated Platelet RNA for the Detection and (Pseudo)progression Monitoring of Glioblastoma. CELL REPORTS MEDICINE 2020; 1:100101. [PMID: 33103128 PMCID: PMC7576690 DOI: 10.1016/j.xcrm.2020.100101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2019] [Revised: 04/23/2020] [Accepted: 09/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Tumor-educated platelets (TEPs) are potential biomarkers for cancer diagnostics. We employ TEP-derived RNA panels, determined by swarm intelligence, to detect and monitor glioblastoma. We assessed specificity by comparing the spliced RNA profile of TEPs from glioblastoma patients with multiple sclerosis and brain metastasis patients (validation series, n = 157; accuracy, 80%; AUC, 0.81 [95% CI, 0.74–0.89; p < 0.001]). Second, analysis of patients with glioblastoma versus asymptomatic healthy controls in an independent validation series (n = 347) provided a detection accuracy of 95% and AUC of 0.97 (95% CI, 0.95–0.99; p < 0.001). Finally, we developed the digitalSWARM algorithm to improve monitoring of glioblastoma progression and demonstrate that the TEP tumor scores of individual glioblastoma patients represent tumor behavior and could be used to distinguish false positive progression from true progression (validation series, n = 20; accuracy, 85%; AUC, 0.86 [95% CI, 0.70–1.00; p < 0.012]). In conclusion, TEPs have potential as a minimally invasive biosource for blood-based diagnostics and monitoring of glioblastoma patients. TEP RNA enables blood-based brain tumor diagnostics TEP RNA is dynamic throughout anti-tumor treatment TEP RNA may be employed for therapy monitoring
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Affiliation(s)
- Nik Sol
- Brain Tumor Center Amsterdam, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.,Department of Neurology, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Sjors G J G In 't Veld
- Brain Tumor Center Amsterdam, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.,Department of Neurosurgery, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Adrienne Vancura
- Brain Tumor Center Amsterdam, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.,Department of Neurosurgery, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Maud Tjerkstra
- Brain Tumor Center Amsterdam, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.,Department of Neurosurgery, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Cyra Leurs
- Department of Neurology, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.,MS Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - François Rustenburg
- Brain Tumor Center Amsterdam, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.,Department of Neurosurgery, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Pepijn Schellen
- Brain Tumor Center Amsterdam, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.,Department of Neurosurgery, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Heleen Verschueren
- Brain Tumor Center Amsterdam, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.,Department of Neurosurgery, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Edward Post
- Brain Tumor Center Amsterdam, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.,Department of Neurosurgery, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Kenn Zwaan
- Brain Tumor Center Amsterdam, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.,Department of Neurosurgery, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Jip Ramaker
- Brain Tumor Center Amsterdam, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.,Department of Neurosurgery, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Laurine E Wedekind
- Brain Tumor Center Amsterdam, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.,Department of Neurosurgery, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Jihane Tannous
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Neuroscience Program, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Bauke Ylstra
- Department of Pathology, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Joep Killestein
- Department of Neurology, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.,MS Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Farrah Mateen
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Neuroscience Program, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Sander Idema
- Department of Neurosurgery, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Philip C de Witt Hamer
- Department of Neurosurgery, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Anna C Navis
- Department of Pathology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - William P J Leenders
- Department of Biochemistry, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Ann Hoeben
- Department of Medical Oncology, Maastricht Academical Medical Center, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Bastiaan Moraal
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam UMC, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - David P Noske
- Brain Tumor Center Amsterdam, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.,Department of Neurosurgery, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - W Peter Vandertop
- Brain Tumor Center Amsterdam, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.,Department of Neurosurgery, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - R Jonas A Nilsson
- Department of Neurosurgery, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.,Department of Radiation Sciences, Oncology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Bakhos A Tannous
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Neuroscience Program, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Pieter Wesseling
- Brain Tumor Center Amsterdam, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.,Department of Pathology, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.,Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Jaap C Reijneveld
- Brain Tumor Center Amsterdam, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.,Department of Neurology, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Myron G Best
- Brain Tumor Center Amsterdam, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.,Department of Neurosurgery, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.,Department of Pathology, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Thomas Wurdinger
- Brain Tumor Center Amsterdam, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.,Department of Neurosurgery, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
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27
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van der Willik KD, Ghanbari M, Fani L, Compter A, Ruiter R, Stricker BHC, Schagen SB, Ikram MA. Higher Plasma Amyloid-β Levels Are Associated with a Higher Risk of Cancer: A Population-Based Prospective Cohort Study. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2020; 29:1993-2001. [PMID: 32727725 DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.epi-20-0167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2020] [Revised: 04/02/2020] [Accepted: 07/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Various studies show an inverse relation between Alzheimer disease and cancer, but findings are likely to be biased by surveillance and survival bias. Plasma amyloid-β (Aβ) is defined as a preclinical feature of Alzheimer disease, with lower levels of Aβ42 being associated with a higher risk of Alzheimer disease. To get more insight into the biological link between Alzheimer disease and cancer, we investigated plasma Aβ levels in relation to the risk of cancer. METHODS Between 2002 and 2005, we measured plasma Aβ40 and Aβ42 levels in 3,949 participants from the population-based Rotterdam Study. These participants were followed until the onset of cancer, all-cause dementia, death, loss to follow-up, or January 1, 2014, whichever came first. We used Cox proportional hazards models to investigate the association between plasma Aβ40 and Aβ42 levels, and the risk of cancer. Analyses were stratified by cancer site. RESULTS During a median (interquartile range) follow-up of 9.0 years (6.9-10.1), 560 participants were diagnosed with cancer. Higher levels of log2 plasma Aβ40 and Aβ42 were associated with a higher risk of cancer [hazard ratio per standard deviation increase for Aβ40 = 1.12 (95% confidence interval, CI = 1.02-1.23) and Aβ42 = 1.12 (95% CI = 1.03-1.23)]. These effect estimates were most pronounced for hematologic cancers, urinary tract cancers, and cancers of unknown primary origin. CONCLUSIONS We found that higher levels of both plasma Aβ40 and Aβ42 were associated with a higher risk of cancer. IMPACT Our study suggests a potential biological link between Alzheimer disease and cancer. The pathophysiologic role of Aβ in cancer and its causality warrant further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kimberly D van der Willik
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
- Department of Psychosocial Research and Epidemiology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Mohsen Ghanbari
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
- Department of Genetics, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Lana Fani
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Annette Compter
- Department of Neuro-Oncology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Rikje Ruiter
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Bruno H Ch Stricker
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Sanne B Schagen
- Department of Psychosocial Research and Epidemiology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Brain and Cognition, Department of Psychology, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - M Arfan Ikram
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.
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28
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O'Sullivan LR, Meade-Murphy G, Gilligan OM, Mykytiv V, Young PW, Cahill MR. Platelet hyperactivation in multiple myeloma is also evident in patients with premalignant monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance. Br J Haematol 2020; 192:322-332. [PMID: 32478420 DOI: 10.1111/bjh.16774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2020] [Accepted: 05/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Thrombotic events are common in patients with multiple myeloma (MM), smouldering myeloma (SM) and monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS). Previous studies have indicated platelet hyperactivation as a feature of thrombotic risk in MM, but there is a dearth of data in MGUS. In the present study, multiparameter analysis of platelet activation and responsiveness was investigated by flow cytometry in patients with MGUS, SM/MM and healthy controls (HCs). The median platelet surface CD63 levels, annexin V and PAC-1 antibody (specific for activated integrin αIIbβ3) binding were significantly elevated in patients with MGUS versus the HCs. These markers were also elevated in SM/MM, but not significantly. In all, 74% of MGUS and 38% of SM/MM patients had one or more elevated marker of platelet activation, compared to 19% of the HCs. Marker-specific hyporesponsiveness of platelets to agonist [adenosine diphosphate (ADP), thrombin receptor-activating peptide 6] stimulation in vitro was observed, with significantly reduced surface levels of P-selectin in response to ADP in patients with MGUS. Platelet-leucocyte aggregates were not altered in patients, while platelet-associated immunoglobulins were elevated in a subset of patients. Overall, we found that platelet hyperactivation is prevalent in both MGUS and SM/MM patients and is potentially related to hyporesponsiveness. These observations suggest that further investigation of the predictive and prognostic value of platelet hyperactivation in such patients is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leanne R O'Sullivan
- School of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | | | | | - Vitaliy Mykytiv
- Department of Haematology, Cork University Hospital, Cork, Ireland
| | - Paul W Young
- School of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Mary R Cahill
- Department of Haematology, Cork University Hospital, Cork, Ireland.,CancerResearch@UCC, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
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29
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Ferreira B, Caetano J, Barahona F, Lopes R, Carneiro E, Costa-Silva B, João C. Liquid biopsies for multiple myeloma in a time of precision medicine. J Mol Med (Berl) 2020; 98:513-525. [PMID: 32246161 PMCID: PMC7198642 DOI: 10.1007/s00109-020-01897-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2020] [Revised: 03/06/2020] [Accepted: 03/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Multiple myeloma (MM) is a challenging, progressive, and highly heterogeneous hematological malignancy. MM is characterized by multifocal proliferation of neoplastic plasma cells in the bone marrow (BM) and sometimes in extramedullary organs. Despite the availability of novel drugs and the longer median overall survival, some patients survive more than 10 years while others die rapidly. This heterogeneity is mainly driven by biological characteristics of MM cells, including genetic abnormalities. Disease progressions are mainly due to the inability of drugs to overcome refractory disease and inevitable drug-resistant relapse. In clinical practice, a bone marrow biopsy, mostly performed in one site, is still used to access the genetics of MM. However, BM biopsy use is limited by its invasive nature and by often not accurately reflecting the mutational profile of MM. Recent insights into the genetic landscape of MM provide a valuable opportunity to implement precision medicine approaches aiming to enable better patient profiling and selection of targeted therapies. In this review, we explore the use of the emerging field of liquid biopsies in myeloma patients considering current unmet medical needs, such as assessing the dynamic mutational landscape of myeloma, early predictors of treatment response, and a less invasive response monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruna Ferreira
- Myeloma and Lymphoma Research Programme, Champalimaud Centre for the Unknown, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Joana Caetano
- Hemato-Oncology Unit, Myeloma and Lymphoma Research Programme, Champalimaud Centre for the Unknown, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Filipa Barahona
- Myeloma and Lymphoma Research Programme, Champalimaud Centre for the Unknown, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Raquel Lopes
- Myeloma and Lymphoma Research Programme, Champalimaud Centre for the Unknown, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Emilie Carneiro
- Myeloma and Lymphoma Research Programme, Champalimaud Centre for the Unknown, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Bruno Costa-Silva
- Systems Oncology Group, Champalimaud Centre for the Unknown, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Cristina João
- Hemato-Oncology Unit, Myeloma and Lymphoma Research Programme, Nova Medical School, Champalimaud Centre for the Unknown, Lisbon, Portugal.
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30
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Solmaz S, Uzun O, Acar C, Sevindik OG, Piskin O, Ozsan HG, Demirkan F, Undar B, Alacacioglu A, Ozcan MA, Alacacioglu I. Is the platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio a new prognostic marker in multiple myeloma? J Lab Physicians 2020; 10:363-369. [PMID: 30498304 PMCID: PMC6210833 DOI: 10.4103/jlp.jlp_36_18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recent reports showed neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), and monocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio (MLR), as a predictor of progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) in various malignancies. MATERIALS AND METHODS We retrospectively examined the PLR, NLR, and MLR in a cohort of 186 newly diagnosed multiple myeloma (MM) patients. This study investigated the prognostic relevance of NLR, PLR, and MLR in MM patients. NLR, PLR, and MLR were calculated from whole blood counts before therapy. The Kaplan-Meier curves and multivariate Cox models were used for the evaluation of survival. RESULTS Applying cutoff of 1.9 (NLR), 120.00 (PLR), and 0.27 (MLR), decreased PLR showed a negative impact on the outcome. Decreased PLR is an independent predictor for PFS and OS. There were no significant differences in median survival between the high and low NLR (P = 0.80) and MLR (P = 0.87) groups. CONCLUSIONS In this study, thrombocytopenia and low PLR are associated with poor survival in MM patients does this P value apply to thrombocytopenia or low PLR and may serve as the cost-effective prognostic biomarker.
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Affiliation(s)
- Serife Solmaz
- Department of Hematology, Bozyaka Education and Research Hospital, Batman, Turkey
| | - Ozcan Uzun
- Department of Internal Medicine, Batman Education and Research Hospital, Batman, Turkey
| | - Celal Acar
- Department of Hematology, Bozyaka Education and Research Hospital, Batman, Turkey
| | - Omur Gokmen Sevindik
- Department of Hematology, Faculty of Medicine, Medipol Universıty, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ozden Piskin
- Department of Hematology, Faculty of Medicine, Dokuz Eylul Universıty, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Hayri Guner Ozsan
- Department of Hematology, Faculty of Medicine, Dokuz Eylul Universıty, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Fatih Demirkan
- Department of Hematology, Faculty of Medicine, Dokuz Eylul Universıty, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Bulent Undar
- Department of Hematology, Faculty of Medicine, Dokuz Eylul Universıty, Izmir, Turkey
| | | | - Mehmet Ali Ozcan
- Department of Hematology, Faculty of Medicine, Dokuz Eylul Universıty, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Inci Alacacioglu
- Department of Hematology, Faculty of Medicine, Dokuz Eylul Universıty, Izmir, Turkey
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31
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Wurdinger T, In 't Veld SGJG, Best MG. Platelet RNA as Pan-Tumor Biomarker for Cancer Detection. Cancer Res 2020; 80:1371-1373. [PMID: 32075797 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-19-3684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2019] [Revised: 01/07/2020] [Accepted: 02/11/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Blood-based liquid biopsies are considered a screening approach for early cancer detection. Sequencing technologies enable in-depth analyses of nucleic acids, including mutant cell-free (cf) DNA in the plasma. However, in the blood of patients with early-stage cancer the detection level of mutant cfDNA is relatively low, and complicated by the natural presence of noncancer cfDNA mutants attributed to aging-related processes. Consequently, analysis of methylated cfDNA patterns and alternative approaches such as tumor-educated platelets are gaining traction for the detection of early-stage tumors. Here, we dissect the use of platelet RNA as a potential biomarker for the development of early-stage, pan-cancer blood tests.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Wurdinger
- Brain Tumor Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands. .,Department of Neurosurgery, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Sjors G J G In 't Veld
- Brain Tumor Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.,Department of Neurosurgery, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Myron G Best
- Brain Tumor Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.,Department of Neurosurgery, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
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Zuo XX, Yang Y, Zhang Y, Zhang ZG, Wang XF, Shi YG. Platelets promote breast cancer cell MCF-7 metastasis by direct interaction: surface integrin α2β1-contacting-mediated activation of Wnt-β-catenin pathway. Cell Commun Signal 2019; 17:142. [PMID: 31699102 PMCID: PMC6836423 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-019-0464-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2019] [Accepted: 10/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Integrin-mediated platelet-tumor cell contacting plays an important role in promoting epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) transformation of tumor cells and cancer metastasis, but whether it occurs in breast cancer cells is not completely clear. Objective The purpose of this study was to investigate the role of integrin α2β1 in platelet contacting to human breast cancer cell line MCF-7 and its effect on the EMT and the invasion of MCF-7 cells. Methods Human platelets were activated by thrombin, and separated into pellets and releasates before the co-incubation with MCF-7 cells. Cell invasion was evaluated by transwell assay. The surface integrins on pellets and MCF-7 cells were inhibited by antibodies. The effect of integrin α2β1 on Wnt-β-catenin pathway was assessed by integrin α2β1-silencing and Wnt-β-catenin inhibitor XAV. The therapeutic effect of integrin α2β1-silencing was confirmed in the xenograft mouse model. Results Pellets promote the invasion and EMT of MCF-7 cells via direct contacting of surface integrin α2β1. The integrin α2β1 contacting activates Wnt-β-catenin pathway and promotes the expression of EMT proteins in MCF-7 cells. The activated Wnt-β-catenin pathway also promotes the autocrine of TGF-β1 in MCF-7 cells. Both Wnt-β-catenin and TGF-β1/pSmad3 pathways promote the expression of EMT proteins. Integrin α2β1-silencing inhibits breast cancer metastasis in vivo. Conclusions The direct interaction between platelets and tumor cells exerts its pro-metastatic function via surface integrin α2β1 contacting and Wnt-β-catenin activation. Integrin α2β1-silencing has the potential effect of inhibiting breast cancer metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Xiao Zuo
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No.1 East Jianshe Road, Erqi District, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, 450000, People's Republic of China
| | - Ya Yang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No.1 East Jianshe Road, Erqi District, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, 450000, People's Republic of China
| | - Yue Zhang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No.1 East Jianshe Road, Erqi District, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, 450000, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhi-Gang Zhang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No.1 East Jianshe Road, Erqi District, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, 450000, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Fei Wang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No.1 East Jianshe Road, Erqi District, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, 450000, People's Republic of China
| | - Yong-Gang Shi
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No.1 East Jianshe Road, Erqi District, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, 450000, People's Republic of China.
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Transcriptional profiling of circulating tumor cells in multiple myeloma: a new model to understand disease dissemination. Leukemia 2019; 34:589-603. [PMID: 31595039 DOI: 10.1038/s41375-019-0588-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2019] [Revised: 06/25/2019] [Accepted: 07/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The reason why a few myeloma cells egress from the bone marrow (BM) into peripheral blood (PB) remains unknown. Here, we investigated molecular hallmarks of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) to identify the events leading to myeloma trafficking into the bloodstream. After using next-generation flow to isolate matched CTCs and BM tumor cells from 32 patients, we found high correlation in gene expression at single-cell and bulk levels (r ≥ 0.94, P = 10-16), with only 55 genes differentially expressed between CTCs and BM tumor cells. CTCs overexpressed genes involved in inflammation, hypoxia, or epithelial-mesenchymal transition, whereas genes related with proliferation were downregulated in CTCs. The cancer stem cell marker CD44 was overexpressed in CTCs, and its knockdown significantly reduced migration of MM cells towards SDF1-α and their adhesion to fibronectin. Approximately half (29/55) of genes differentially expressed in CTCs were prognostic in patients with newly-diagnosed myeloma (n = 553; CoMMpass). In a multivariate analysis including the R-ISS, overexpression of CENPF and LGALS1 was significantly associated with inferior survival. Altogether, these results help understanding the presence of CTCs in PB and suggest that hypoxic BM niches together with a pro-inflammatory microenvironment induce an arrest in proliferation, forcing tumor cells to circulate in PB and seek other BM niches to continue growing.
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34
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Liu L, Song X, Li X, Xue L, Ding S, Niu L, Xie L, Song X. A three-platelet mRNA set: MAX, MTURN and HLA-B as biomarker for lung cancer. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2019; 145:2713-2723. [PMID: 31552488 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-019-03032-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2019] [Accepted: 09/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND During the development of tumors, tumors "educate" platelets causing changes in their mRNAs expression profiles and phenotypes, thereby, tumor-educated platelet (TEP) mRNA profile has the potential to diagnose lung cancer. The current study aimed to examine whether TEPs might be a potential biomarker for lung cancer diagnostics. METHODS Platelet precipitation was obtained by low-speed centrifugation and subjected to Trizol for total RNA extraction. Platelet MAX, MTURN, and HLA-B mRNA were selected by microarray, validated by qPCR, and analyzed combined with related clinical factors. RESULTS Our results showed that a three-platelet mRNA set: MAX, MTURN, and HLA-B was significantly up-regulated in lung cancer patients as well as in early-stage lung cancer patients compared with those from healthy donors, the area under the curve (AUC) was 0.734, 0.787, respectively, among which platelet MTURN mRNA processed a dramatically high diagnostic efficiency in female patients with lung cancer, its AUC for female was 0.825. More importantly, the three-platelet mRNA set: MAX, MTURN, and HLA-B was associated with chemotherapeutic effect, low mRNA expression of this three-platelet set was correlated with "favorable" first chemotherapy response. CONCLUSIONS A three-platelet mRNA set: MAX, MTURN and HLA-B enables blood-based lung cancer diagnosis and chemotherapy response prediction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lele Liu
- School of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Jinan, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Xingguo Song
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Xinyi Li
- School of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Jinan, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Linlin Xue
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Shanshan Ding
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shandong Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Limin Niu
- School of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Jinan, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Li Xie
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Xianrang Song
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China.
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Colombo M, Giannandrea D, Lesma E, Basile A, Chiaramonte R. Extracellular Vesicles Enhance Multiple Myeloma Metastatic Dissemination. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20133236. [PMID: 31266187 PMCID: PMC6650870 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20133236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2019] [Revised: 06/24/2019] [Accepted: 06/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) represent a heterogeneous group of membranous structures shed by all kinds of cell types, which are released into the surrounding microenvironment or spread to distant sites through the circulation. Therefore, EVs are key mediators of the communication between tumor cells and the surrounding microenvironment or the distant premetastatic niche due to their ability to transport lipids, transcription factors, mRNAs, non-coding regulatory RNAs, and proteins. Multiple myeloma (MM) is a hematological neoplasm that mostly relies on the bone marrow (BM). The BM represents a highly supportive niche for myeloma establishment and diffusion during the formation of distant bone lesions typical of this disease. This review represents a survey of the most recent evidence published on the role played by EVs in supporting MM cells during the multiple steps of metastasis, including travel and uptake at distant premetastatic niches, MM cell engraftment as micrometastasis, and expansion to macrometastasis thanks to EV-induced angiogenesis, release of angiocrine factors, activation of osteolytic activity, and mesenchymal cell support. Finally, we illustrate the first evidence concerning the dual effect of MM-EVs in promoting both anti-tumor immunity and MM immune escape, and the possible modulation operated by pharmacological treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michela Colombo
- Department of Health Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, I-20142 Milano, Italy
| | - Domenica Giannandrea
- Department of Health Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, I-20142 Milano, Italy
| | - Elena Lesma
- Department of Health Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, I-20142 Milano, Italy
| | - Andrea Basile
- Department of Oncology and Hemato-Oncology, Università degli Studi di Milano, I-20122 Milano, Italy
| | - Raffaella Chiaramonte
- Department of Health Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, I-20142 Milano, Italy.
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Best MG, In 't Veld SGJG, Sol N, Wurdinger T. RNA sequencing and swarm intelligence-enhanced classification algorithm development for blood-based disease diagnostics using spliced blood platelet RNA. Nat Protoc 2019; 14:1206-1234. [PMID: 30894694 DOI: 10.1038/s41596-019-0139-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2018] [Accepted: 01/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Blood-based diagnostics tests, using individual or panels of biomarkers, may revolutionize disease diagnostics and enable minimally invasive therapy monitoring. However, selection of the most relevant biomarkers from liquid biosources remains an immense challenge. We recently presented the thromboSeq pipeline, which enables RNA sequencing and cancer classification via self-learning and swarm intelligence-enhanced bioinformatics algorithms using blood platelet RNA. Here, we provide the wet-lab protocol for the generation of platelet RNA-sequencing libraries and the dry-lab protocol for the development of swarm intelligence-enhanced machine-learning-based classification algorithms. The wet-lab protocol includes platelet RNA isolation, mRNA amplification, and preparation for next-generation sequencing. The dry-lab protocol describes the automated FASTQ file pre-processing to quantified gene counts, quality controls, data normalization and correction, and swarm intelligence-enhanced support vector machine (SVM) algorithm development. This protocol enables platelet RNA profiling from 500 pg of platelet RNA and allows automated and optimized biomarker panel selection. The wet-lab protocol can be performed in 5 d before sequencing, and the algorithm development can be completed in 2 d, depending on computational resources. The protocol requires basic molecular biology skills and a basic understanding of Linux and R. In all, with this protocol, we aim to enable the scientific community to test platelet RNA for diagnostic algorithm development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Myron G Best
- Department of Neurosurgery, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands. .,Department of Pathology, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands. .,Brain Tumor Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
| | - Sjors G J G In 't Veld
- Department of Neurosurgery, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.,Brain Tumor Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Nik Sol
- Brain Tumor Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.,Department of Neurology, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Thomas Wurdinger
- Department of Neurosurgery, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands. .,Brain Tumor Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
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Solmaz Medeni S, Acar C, Olgun A, Acar A, Seyhanlı A, Taskıran E, Sevindik OG, Alacacıoglu I, Piskin O, Ozcan MA, Demirkan F, Undar B, Ozsan GH. Can Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio, Monocyte-to-Lymphocyte Ratio, and Platelet-to-Lymphocyte Ratio at Day +100 be used as a prognostic marker in Multiple Myeloma patients with autologous transplantation? Clin Transplant 2018; 32:e13359. [PMID: 30053318 DOI: 10.1111/ctr.13359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2018] [Revised: 07/11/2018] [Accepted: 07/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recent reports have showed that neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), and monocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio (MLR) are predictors of progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) in many types of cancer. This study evaluates the predictive value of NLR, MLR, and PLR for survival in MM patients treated with to ASCT. METHODS A set of data consisting of 150 patients who underwent autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT) for MM was collected retrospectively. The prognostic value of NLR, MLR, and PLR was investigated with Kaplan-Meier method. RESULTS The prognostic value of NLR, MLR, and PLR was analyzed by a receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve established to determine the cutoff. These cutoff values of NLR, PLR, and MLR were found 1.46, 86, and 0.27, respectively, on the 100th day of post-transplantation period. The overall survival (OS) and the post-transplantation OS of the patients with high NLR, MLR, and PLR levels on the 100th day of post-transplantation were shorter than the other group (P = 0.05, P = 0.018 [NLR], P = 0.05, P = 0.002 [MLR], P = 0.000, P = 0.001 [PLR]). The post-transplantation progression-free survival (PFS) of the patients with high NLR, MLR, and PLR levels on the 100th day of post-transplantation was shorter as well (P = 0.036, P = 0.001, P = 0.001, respectively). CONCLUSION As increased NLR, MLR, and PLR predicted poor clinical outcome in MM patients with autologous transplantation in this study, they may serve as cost-effective and rapidly available prognostic biomarkers for these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Celal Acar
- Hematology, Bozyaka Training and Research Hospital, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Aybuke Olgun
- Faculty of Medicine Hematology, Dokuz Eylul University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Alev Acar
- Faculty of Medicine Hematology, Dokuz Eylul University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Ahmet Seyhanlı
- Faculty of Medicine Hematology, Dokuz Eylul University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Emin Taskıran
- Faculty of Medicine Hematology, Dokuz Eylul University, Izmir, Turkey
| | | | - Inci Alacacıoglu
- Faculty of Medicine Hematology, Dokuz Eylul University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Ozden Piskin
- Faculty of Medicine Hematology, Dokuz Eylul University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Ali Ozcan
- Faculty of Medicine Hematology, Dokuz Eylul University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Fatih Demirkan
- Faculty of Medicine Hematology, Dokuz Eylul University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Bulent Undar
- Faculty of Medicine Hematology, Dokuz Eylul University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Guner Hayri Ozsan
- Faculty of Medicine Hematology, Dokuz Eylul University, Izmir, Turkey
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Best MG, Wesseling P, Wurdinger T. Tumor-Educated Platelets as a Noninvasive Biomarker Source for Cancer Detection and Progression Monitoring. Cancer Res 2018; 78:3407-3412. [PMID: 29921699 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-18-0887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 140] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2018] [Revised: 04/17/2018] [Accepted: 05/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Liquid biopsies represent a potential revolution in cancer diagnostics as a noninvasive method for detecting and monitoring diseases, complementary to or even replacing current tissue biopsy approaches. Several blood-based biosources and biomolecules, such as cell-free DNA and RNA, proteins, circulating tumor cells, and extracellular vesicles, have been explored for molecular test development. We recently discovered the potential of tumor-educated blood platelets (TEP) as a noninvasive biomarker trove for RNA biomarker panels. TEPs are involved in the progression and spread of several solid tumors, and spliced TEP RNA surrogate signatures can provide specific information on the presence, location, and molecular characteristics of cancers. So far, TEP samples from patients with different tumor types, including lung, brain, and breast cancers, have been tested, and it has been shown that TEPs from patients with cancer are distinct from those with inflammatory and other noncancerous diseases. It remains to be investigated how platelets are "educated," which mechanisms cause intraplatelet RNA splicing, and whether the relative contribution of specific platelet subpopulations changes in patients with cancer. Ultimately, TEP RNA may complement currently used biosources and biomolecules employed for liquid biopsy diagnosis, potentially enhancing the detection of cancer in an early stage and facilitating noninvasive disease monitoring. Cancer Res; 78(13); 3407-12. ©2018 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Myron G Best
- Department of Neurosurgery, Cancer Center Amsterdam, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Department of Pathology, Cancer Center Amsterdam, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Brain Tumor Center Amsterdam, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Pieter Wesseling
- Department of Pathology, Cancer Center Amsterdam, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Brain Tumor Center Amsterdam, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Department of Pathology, Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology and University Medical Center Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Thomas Wurdinger
- Department of Neurosurgery, Cancer Center Amsterdam, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
- Brain Tumor Center Amsterdam, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
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