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Azwar S, Ng CT, Zahari Sham SY, Seow HF, Chai M, Ghazali MF, Jabar MF. Possible Involvement of Long Non-Coding RNAs GNAS-AS1 and MIR205HG in the Modulation of 5-Fluorouracil Chemosensitivity in Colon Cancer Cells through Increased Extracellular Release of Exosomes. Noncoding RNA 2024; 10:25. [PMID: 38668383 PMCID: PMC11054952 DOI: 10.3390/ncrna10020025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2023] [Revised: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 10/07/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2024] Open
Abstract
A growing number of studies have suggested the involvement of long non-coding RNAs as the key players in not just the initiation and progression of the tumor microenvironment, but also in chemotherapy tolerance. In the present study, generated 5-FU-resistant SW480/DR cells were analyzed via cDNA microarray for its aberrant lncRNAs and mRNAs expression in comparison with the 5-FU-susceptible SW480/DS cells. Among the 126 lncRNAs described, lncRNAs GNAS-AS1, MIR205HG, and LOC102723721 have been identified to be significantly upregulated, while lncRNs lnc-RP11-597K23.2.1-2, LOC100507639, and CCDC144NL-AS1 have been found to be significantly downregulated. In the meantime, bioinformatic analysis through gene ontology studies of aberrantly expressed mRNAs revealed "regulated exocytosis", among others, as the biological process most impacted in SW480/DR cells. To investigate, exosome purification was then carried out and its characterization were validated via transmission electron microscopy and nanoparticle tracking analysis. Interestingly, it was determined that the 5-FU-resistant SW480/DR cells secretes significantly higher concentration of extracellular vesicles, particularly, exosomes when compared to the 5-FU-susceptible SW480/DS cells. Based on the lncRNA-mRNA interaction network analysis generated, lncRNA GNAS-AS1 and MIR205HG have been identified to be potentially involved in the incidence of 5-FU resistance in SW480 colon cancer cells through promoting increased release of exosomes into the intercellular matrix. Our study hopes not only to provide insights on the list of involved candidate lncRNAs, but also to elucidate the role exosomes play in the initiation and development of 5-FU chemotherapy resistance in colon cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shamin Azwar
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Malaysia; (S.Y.Z.S.)
| | - Chin Tat Ng
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Cheras 56000, Malaysia;
| | - Siti Yazmin Zahari Sham
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Malaysia; (S.Y.Z.S.)
| | - Heng Fong Seow
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Malaysia; (S.Y.Z.S.)
| | - Minhian Chai
- School of Animal, Aquatic and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Bioresources and Food Industry, Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin, Besut 22200, Malaysia; (M.C.); (M.F.G.)
| | - Mohd Faizal Ghazali
- School of Animal, Aquatic and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Bioresources and Food Industry, Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin, Besut 22200, Malaysia; (M.C.); (M.F.G.)
| | - Mohd Faisal Jabar
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Malaysia
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2
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Ye X, Liu Q, Qin X, Ma Y, Sheng Q, Wu X, Chen S, Huang L, Sun Y. BCAR4 facilitates trastuzumab resistance and EMT in breast cancer via sponging miR-665 and interacting with YAP1. FASEB J 2024; 38:e23589. [PMID: 38572594 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202301617rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Revised: 02/24/2024] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
Breast cancer antiestrogen resistance 4 (BCAR4) has been suggested that can modulate cell behavior, resulting in tumorigenesis and chemoresistance. However, the underlying mechanisms of BCAR4 in trastuzumab resistance (TR) is still elusive. Here, we explored the function and the underlying mechanism of BCAR4 involving in TR. We found that BCAR4 is significantly upregulated in trastuzumab-resistant BC cells. Knockdown of BCAR4 could sensitize the BC cells to trastuzumab and suppress epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Mechanically, BCAR4 promotes yes-associated protein 1 (YAP1) expression by competitively sponging miR-665, to activated TGF-β signaling. Reciprocally, YAP1 could occupy the BCAR4 promoter to enhance its transcription, suggesting that there exists a positive feedback regulation between YAP1 and BCAR4. Targeting the BCAR4/miR-665/YAP1 axis may provide a novel insight of therapeutic approaches for TR in BC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingming Ye
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Tumor Biotherapy, Clinical Oncology School of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou, China
- Department of Gynecology, Clinical Oncology School of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Qinying Liu
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Tumor Biotherapy, Clinical Oncology School of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Xin Qin
- School of Basic Medicine, Hubei University of Arts and Science, Xiangyang, Hubei, China
| | - Yijing Ma
- College of Biological Science and Technology, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Qingsong Sheng
- Department of Obstetrics-Gynecology, Xiamen University Dongfang Hospital/Fuzong Clinical Medicine College of Fujian Medical University (900 Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force), Fuzhou, China
| | - Xiufeng Wu
- Department of Breast Surgical Oncology, Clinical Oncology School of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Shanshan Chen
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Tumor Biotherapy, Clinical Oncology School of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Lijie Huang
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Tumor Biotherapy, Clinical Oncology School of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yang Sun
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Tumor Biotherapy, Clinical Oncology School of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou, China
- Department of Gynecology, Clinical Oncology School of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou, China
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3
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Zhang D, Chen H, Wang J, Ji J, Imam M, Zhang Z, Yan S. Current progress and prospects for G protein-coupled estrogen receptor in triple-negative breast cancer. Front Cell Dev Biol 2024; 12:1338448. [PMID: 38476263 PMCID: PMC10928007 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2024.1338448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a biologically and clinically heterogeneous disease. The G protein-coupled estrogen receptor (GPER) plays a crucial role in mediating the effect of estrogen and estrogen-like compounds in TNBC cells. Compared with other subtypes, GPER has a higher expression in TNBC. The GPER mechanisms have been thoroughly characterized and analyzed in estrogen receptor α (ERα) positive breast cancer, but not in TNBC. Our previous work revealed that a higher expression of GPER mRNA indicates a better prognosis for ERα-positive breast cancer; however, its effects in TNBC differ. Whether GPER could serve as a predictive prognostic marker or therapeutic target for TNBC remains unclear. In this review, we provide a detailed introduction to the subcellular localization of GPER, the different effects of various ligands, and the interactions between GPER and closely associated factors in TNBC. We focused on the internal molecular mechanisms specific to TNBC and thoroughly explored the role of GPER in promoting tumor development. We also discussed the interaction of GPER with specific cytokines and chemokines, and the relationship between GPER and immune evasion. Additionally, we discussed the feasibility of using GPER as a therapeutic target in the context of existing studies. This comprehensive review highlights the effects of GPER on TNBC, providing a framework and directions for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Shunchao Yan
- Department of Oncology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
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4
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Liao M, Webster J, Coonrod EM, Weilbaecher KN, Maher CA, White NM. BCAR4 Expression as a Predictive Biomarker for Endocrine Therapy Resistance in Breast Cancer. Clin Breast Cancer 2024:S1526-8209(24)00047-8. [PMID: 38443227 DOI: 10.1016/j.clbc.2024.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Revised: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Breast cancer, particularly the estrogen receptor positive (ER+) subtype, remains a leading cause of cancer-related death among women. Endocrine therapy is the most effective treatment for ER+ breast cancer; however, the development of resistance presents a significant challenge. This study explored the role of the breast cancer antiestrogen resistance 4 (BCAR4) gene as a potential driver of resistance and a pivotal biomarker in breast cancer. PATIENTS AND METHODS The researchers undertook a comprehensive analysis of 1743 patients spanning 6 independent cohorts. They examined the association of BCAR4 expression with patient outcomes across all breast cancer types and the PAM50 molecular subtypes. The relationship between elevated BCAR4 expression and resistance to endocrine therapy including AIs, the prevailing standard-of-care for endocrine therapy, was also investigated. RESULTS This meta-analysis corroborated the link between BCAR4 expression and adverse outcomes as well as resistance to endocrine therapy in breast cancer. Notably, BCAR4 expression is clinically significant in luminal A and B subtypes. Additionally, an association between BCAR4 expression and resistance to AI treatment was discerned. CONCLUSION This study expands on previous findings by demonstrating that BCAR4 expression is associated with resistance to newer therapies. The identification of patients with intrinsic resistance to hormone therapy is crucial to avoid ineffective treatment strategies. These findings contribute to our understanding of endocrine therapy resistance in breast cancer and could potentially guide the development of more effective treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muheng Liao
- Division of Biostatistics, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO
| | - Jace Webster
- Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO
| | - Emily M Coonrod
- Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO
| | - Katherine N Weilbaecher
- Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO; Siteman Cancer Center, Barnes Jewish Hospital and Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO
| | - Christopher A Maher
- Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO; Siteman Cancer Center, Barnes Jewish Hospital and Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
| | - Nicole M White
- Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO; Siteman Cancer Center, Barnes Jewish Hospital and Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO.
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Abi Nahed R, Safwan-Zaiter H, Gemy K, Lyko C, Boudaud M, Desseux M, Marquette C, Barjat T, Alfaidy N, Benharouga M. The Multifaceted Functions of Prion Protein (PrP C) in Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:4982. [PMID: 37894349 PMCID: PMC10605613 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15204982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Revised: 09/23/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The cellular prion protein (PrPC) is a glycoprotein anchored to the cell surface by glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI). PrPC is expressed both in the brain and in peripheral tissues. Investigations on PrPC's functions revealed its direct involvement in neurodegenerative and prion diseases, as well as in various physiological processes such as anti-oxidative functions, copper homeostasis, trans-membrane signaling, and cell adhesion. Recent findings have revealed the ectopic expression of PrPC in various cancers including gastric, melanoma, breast, colorectal, pancreatic, as well as rare cancers, where PrPC promotes cellular migration and invasion, tumor growth, and metastasis. Through its downstream signaling, PrPC has also been reported to be involved in resistance to chemotherapy and tumor cell apoptosis. This review summarizes the variance of expression of PrPC in different types of cancers and discusses its roles in their development and progression, as well as its use as a potential target to treat such cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roland Abi Nahed
- U1292, Laboratoire de BioSanté, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), F-38058 Grenoble, France; (R.A.N.); (H.S.-Z.); (K.G.); (C.L.); (M.B.); (M.D.); (C.M.); (T.B.); (N.A.)
- Commissariat à l’Energie Atomique (CEA), DSV-IRIG, F-38054 Grenoble, France
- University of Grenoble Alpes (UGA), F-38058 Grenoble, France
| | - Hasan Safwan-Zaiter
- U1292, Laboratoire de BioSanté, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), F-38058 Grenoble, France; (R.A.N.); (H.S.-Z.); (K.G.); (C.L.); (M.B.); (M.D.); (C.M.); (T.B.); (N.A.)
- Commissariat à l’Energie Atomique (CEA), DSV-IRIG, F-38054 Grenoble, France
- University of Grenoble Alpes (UGA), F-38058 Grenoble, France
| | - Kevin Gemy
- U1292, Laboratoire de BioSanté, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), F-38058 Grenoble, France; (R.A.N.); (H.S.-Z.); (K.G.); (C.L.); (M.B.); (M.D.); (C.M.); (T.B.); (N.A.)
- Commissariat à l’Energie Atomique (CEA), DSV-IRIG, F-38054 Grenoble, France
- University of Grenoble Alpes (UGA), F-38058 Grenoble, France
| | - Camille Lyko
- U1292, Laboratoire de BioSanté, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), F-38058 Grenoble, France; (R.A.N.); (H.S.-Z.); (K.G.); (C.L.); (M.B.); (M.D.); (C.M.); (T.B.); (N.A.)
- Commissariat à l’Energie Atomique (CEA), DSV-IRIG, F-38054 Grenoble, France
- University of Grenoble Alpes (UGA), F-38058 Grenoble, France
| | - Mélanie Boudaud
- U1292, Laboratoire de BioSanté, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), F-38058 Grenoble, France; (R.A.N.); (H.S.-Z.); (K.G.); (C.L.); (M.B.); (M.D.); (C.M.); (T.B.); (N.A.)
- Commissariat à l’Energie Atomique (CEA), DSV-IRIG, F-38054 Grenoble, France
- University of Grenoble Alpes (UGA), F-38058 Grenoble, France
| | - Morgane Desseux
- U1292, Laboratoire de BioSanté, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), F-38058 Grenoble, France; (R.A.N.); (H.S.-Z.); (K.G.); (C.L.); (M.B.); (M.D.); (C.M.); (T.B.); (N.A.)
- Commissariat à l’Energie Atomique (CEA), DSV-IRIG, F-38054 Grenoble, France
- University of Grenoble Alpes (UGA), F-38058 Grenoble, France
| | - Christel Marquette
- U1292, Laboratoire de BioSanté, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), F-38058 Grenoble, France; (R.A.N.); (H.S.-Z.); (K.G.); (C.L.); (M.B.); (M.D.); (C.M.); (T.B.); (N.A.)
- Commissariat à l’Energie Atomique (CEA), DSV-IRIG, F-38054 Grenoble, France
- University of Grenoble Alpes (UGA), F-38058 Grenoble, France
| | - Tiphaine Barjat
- U1292, Laboratoire de BioSanté, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), F-38058 Grenoble, France; (R.A.N.); (H.S.-Z.); (K.G.); (C.L.); (M.B.); (M.D.); (C.M.); (T.B.); (N.A.)
- Commissariat à l’Energie Atomique (CEA), DSV-IRIG, F-38054 Grenoble, France
- University of Grenoble Alpes (UGA), F-38058 Grenoble, France
| | - Nadia Alfaidy
- U1292, Laboratoire de BioSanté, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), F-38058 Grenoble, France; (R.A.N.); (H.S.-Z.); (K.G.); (C.L.); (M.B.); (M.D.); (C.M.); (T.B.); (N.A.)
- Commissariat à l’Energie Atomique (CEA), DSV-IRIG, F-38054 Grenoble, France
- University of Grenoble Alpes (UGA), F-38058 Grenoble, France
| | - Mohamed Benharouga
- U1292, Laboratoire de BioSanté, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), F-38058 Grenoble, France; (R.A.N.); (H.S.-Z.); (K.G.); (C.L.); (M.B.); (M.D.); (C.M.); (T.B.); (N.A.)
- Commissariat à l’Energie Atomique (CEA), DSV-IRIG, F-38054 Grenoble, France
- University of Grenoble Alpes (UGA), F-38058 Grenoble, France
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6
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Wu T, Li X, Yan G, Tan Z, Zhao D, Liu S, Wang H, Xiang Y, Chen W, Lu H, Liao X, Li Y, Lu Z. LncRNA BCAR4 promotes migration, invasion, and chemo-resistance by inhibiting miR-644a in breast cancer. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH : CR 2023; 42:14. [PMID: 36627684 PMCID: PMC9830721 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-022-02588-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 12/26/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Metastasis and drug resistance of breast cancer have become a barrier to treating patients successfully. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are known as vital players in cancer development and progression. METHODS: The RT-qPCR were used to detect the gene expression. Colony formation assay, would healing assay, and transwell assay were performed to investigate oncogenic functions of cells. CCK8 assay was used to detect the cell viability. Western blot was applied to detect the protein level. Dual-luciferase reporter assay was used to determine the relationship between molecules. Mouse orthotopic xenograft tumor models were established to evaluate the effects of BCAR4 on tumor growth and metastasis in vivo. RESULTS: LncRNA BCAR4 was significantly increased in breast cancer patients' tissues and plasma and upregulated in breast cancer cell lines. BCAR4 upregulation was correlated with the TNM stages and decreased after surgical removal of breast tumors. Silencing of BCAR4 suppressed breast cancer cell colony formation, migration, invasion, and xenograft tumor growth and promoted chemo-sensitivity. Mechanistically, BCAR4 facilitates breast cancer migration and invasion via the miR-644a-CCR7 axis of the MAPK pathway. BCAR4 promotes ABCB1 expression indirectly by binding to and down-regulating miR-644a to induce chemo-resistance in breast cancer. CONCLUSIONS Our findings provide insights into the oncogenic role of BCAR4 and implicate BCAR4 as a potential diagnostic biomarker and a promising therapeutic agent to suppress metastasis and inhibit chemo-resistance of breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tangwei Wu
- grid.33199.310000 0004 0368 7223Department of Medical Laboratory, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 26 Shengli St., Jiangan District, Wuhan, 430014 China ,grid.257143.60000 0004 1772 1285College of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, 430065 China
| | - Xiaoyi Li
- grid.33199.310000 0004 0368 7223Department of Medical Laboratory, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 26 Shengli St., Jiangan District, Wuhan, 430014 China
| | - Ge Yan
- grid.33199.310000 0004 0368 7223Department of Medical Laboratory, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 26 Shengli St., Jiangan District, Wuhan, 430014 China ,grid.257143.60000 0004 1772 1285School of Laboratory Medicine, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, 430065 China
| | - Zheqiong Tan
- grid.33199.310000 0004 0368 7223Department of Medical Laboratory, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 26 Shengli St., Jiangan District, Wuhan, 430014 China
| | - Dan Zhao
- grid.33199.310000 0004 0368 7223Department of Medical Laboratory, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 26 Shengli St., Jiangan District, Wuhan, 430014 China ,grid.257143.60000 0004 1772 1285School of Laboratory Medicine, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, 430065 China
| | - Shuiyi Liu
- grid.33199.310000 0004 0368 7223Department of Medical Laboratory, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 26 Shengli St., Jiangan District, Wuhan, 430014 China ,grid.33199.310000 0004 0368 7223Cancer Research Institute of Wuhan, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430014 China
| | - Hui Wang
- grid.33199.310000 0004 0368 7223Department of Medical Laboratory, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 26 Shengli St., Jiangan District, Wuhan, 430014 China
| | - Yuan Xiang
- grid.33199.310000 0004 0368 7223Department of Medical Laboratory, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 26 Shengli St., Jiangan District, Wuhan, 430014 China
| | - Weiqun Chen
- grid.33199.310000 0004 0368 7223Department of Medical Laboratory, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 26 Shengli St., Jiangan District, Wuhan, 430014 China ,grid.33199.310000 0004 0368 7223Cancer Research Institute of Wuhan, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430014 China ,grid.33199.310000 0004 0368 7223Key Laboratory for Molecular Diagnosis of Hubei Province, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430014 China
| | - Hongda Lu
- grid.33199.310000 0004 0368 7223Cancer Research Institute of Wuhan, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430014 China ,grid.33199.310000 0004 0368 7223Department of Oncology, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430014 China
| | - Xinghua Liao
- grid.412787.f0000 0000 9868 173XInstitute of Biology and Medicine, College of Life and Health Sciences, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430081 People’s Republic of China
| | - Yong Li
- grid.33199.310000 0004 0368 7223Department of Medical Laboratory, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 26 Shengli St., Jiangan District, Wuhan, 430014 China ,grid.39382.330000 0001 2160 926XDepartment of Medicine, Dan L Duncan Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030 USA
| | - Zhongxin Lu
- grid.33199.310000 0004 0368 7223Department of Medical Laboratory, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 26 Shengli St., Jiangan District, Wuhan, 430014 China ,grid.257143.60000 0004 1772 1285College of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, 430065 China ,grid.257143.60000 0004 1772 1285School of Laboratory Medicine, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, 430065 China ,grid.33199.310000 0004 0368 7223Cancer Research Institute of Wuhan, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430014 China ,grid.33199.310000 0004 0368 7223Key Laboratory for Molecular Diagnosis of Hubei Province, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430014 China
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lncRNA-mediated ceRNA network in bladder cancer. Noncoding RNA Res 2022; 8:135-145. [PMID: 36605618 PMCID: PMC9792360 DOI: 10.1016/j.ncrna.2022.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2022] [Revised: 12/10/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Bladder cancer is a common disease associated with high rates of morbidity and mortality. Although immunotherapy approaches such as adoptive T-cell therapy and immune checkpoint blockade have been investigated for the treatment of bladder cancer, their off-target effects and ability to affect only single targets have led to clinical outcomes that are far from satisfactory. Therefore, it is important to identify novel targets that can effectively control tumor growth and metastasis. It is well known that long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are powerful regulators of gene expression. Increasing evidence has shown that dysregulated lncRNAs in bladder cancer are involved in cancer cell proliferation, migration, invasion, apoptosis, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). In this review, we focus on the roles and underlying mechanisms of lncRNA-mediated competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) networks in the regulation of bladder cancer progression. In addition, we discuss the potential of targeting lncRNA-mediated ceRNA networks to overcome cancer treatment resistance and its association with clinicopathological features and outcomes in bladder cancer patients. We hope this review will stimulate research to develop more effective therapeutic approaches for bladder cancer treatment.
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Ozyurt R, Ozpolat B. Molecular Mechanisms of Anti-Estrogen Therapy Resistance and Novel Targeted Therapies. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:5206. [PMID: 36358625 PMCID: PMC9655708 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14215206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Revised: 10/05/2022] [Accepted: 10/20/2022] [Indexed: 07/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) is the most commonly diagnosed cancer in women, constituting one-third of all cancers in women, and it is the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths in the United States. Anti-estrogen therapies, such as selective estrogen receptor modulators, significantly improve survival in estrogen receptor-positive (ER+) BC patients, which represents about 70% of cases. However, about 60% of patients inevitably experience intrinsic or acquired resistance to anti-estrogen therapies, representing a major clinical problem that leads to relapse, metastasis, and patient deaths. The resistance mechanisms involve mutations of the direct targets of anti-estrogen therapies, compensatory survival pathways, as well as alterations in the expression of non-coding RNAs (e.g., microRNA) that regulate the activity of survival and signaling pathways. Although cyclin-dependent kinase 4/6 and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/AKT/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) inhibitors have significantly improved survival, the efficacy of these therapies alone and in combination with anti-estrogen therapy for advanced ER+ BC, are not curative in advanced and metastatic disease. Therefore, understanding the molecular mechanisms causing treatment resistance is critical for developing highly effective therapies and improving patient survival. This review focuses on the key mechanisms that contribute to anti-estrogen therapy resistance and potential new treatment strategies alone and in combination with anti-estrogen drugs to improve the survival of BC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rumeysa Ozyurt
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Houston Methodist Research Institute, Department of Nanomedicine, 6670 Bertner Ave, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Bulent Ozpolat
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Houston Methodist Research Institute, Department of Nanomedicine, 6670 Bertner Ave, Houston, TX 77030, USA
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9
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Sflomos G, Schipper K, Koorman T, Fitzpatrick A, Oesterreich S, Lee AV, Jonkers J, Brunton VG, Christgen M, Isacke C, Derksen PWB, Brisken C. Atlas of Lobular Breast Cancer Models: Challenges and Strategic Directions. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:5396. [PMID: 34771558 PMCID: PMC8582475 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13215396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2021] [Revised: 10/18/2021] [Accepted: 10/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Invasive lobular carcinoma (ILC) accounts for up to 15% of all breast cancer (BC) cases and responds well to endocrine treatment when estrogen receptor α-positive (ER+) yet differs in many biological aspects from other ER+ BC subtypes. Up to 30% of patients with ILC will develop late-onset metastatic disease up to ten years after initial tumor diagnosis and may experience failure of systemic therapy. Unfortunately, preclinical models to study ILC progression and predict the efficacy of novel therapeutics are scarce. Here, we review the current advances in ILC modeling, including cell lines and organotypic models, genetically engineered mouse models, and patient-derived xenografts. We also underscore four critical challenges that can be addressed using ILC models: drug resistance, lobular tumor microenvironment, tumor dormancy, and metastasis. Finally, we highlight the advantages of shared experimental ILC resources and provide essential considerations from the perspective of the European Lobular Breast Cancer Consortium (ELBCC), which is devoted to better understanding and translating the molecular cues that underpin ILC to clinical diagnosis and intervention. This review will guide investigators who are considering the implementation of ILC models in their research programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- George Sflomos
- ISREC—Swiss Institute for Experimental Cancer Research, School of Life Sciences, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Koen Schipper
- The Breast Cancer Now Toby Robins Research Centre, The Institute of Cancer Research, London SW3 6JB, UK; (K.S.); (A.F.); (C.I.)
| | - Thijs Koorman
- Department of Pathology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Heidelberglaan 100, 3584 CX Utrecht, The Netherlands; (T.K.); (P.W.B.D.)
| | - Amanda Fitzpatrick
- The Breast Cancer Now Toby Robins Research Centre, The Institute of Cancer Research, London SW3 6JB, UK; (K.S.); (A.F.); (C.I.)
| | - Steffi Oesterreich
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA; (S.O.); (A.V.L.)
- Magee Women’s Cancer Research Institute, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
- Cancer Biology Program, Women’s Cancer Research Center, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, PA 15232, USA
| | - Adrian V. Lee
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA; (S.O.); (A.V.L.)
- Magee Women’s Cancer Research Institute, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
- Cancer Biology Program, Women’s Cancer Research Center, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, PA 15232, USA
| | - Jos Jonkers
- Division of Molecular Pathology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, 1066 CX Amsterdam, The Netherlands;
- Oncode Institute, 1066 CX Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Valerie G. Brunton
- Edinburgh Cancer Research UK Centre, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Crewe Road South, Edinburgh EH4 2XU, UK;
| | - Matthias Christgen
- Institute of Pathology, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Straße 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany;
| | - Clare Isacke
- The Breast Cancer Now Toby Robins Research Centre, The Institute of Cancer Research, London SW3 6JB, UK; (K.S.); (A.F.); (C.I.)
| | - Patrick W. B. Derksen
- Department of Pathology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Heidelberglaan 100, 3584 CX Utrecht, The Netherlands; (T.K.); (P.W.B.D.)
| | - Cathrin Brisken
- ISREC—Swiss Institute for Experimental Cancer Research, School of Life Sciences, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
- The Breast Cancer Now Toby Robins Research Centre, The Institute of Cancer Research, London SW3 6JB, UK; (K.S.); (A.F.); (C.I.)
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10
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Zhang M, Wu K, Zhang P, Qiu Y, Bai F, Chen H. HOTAIR Facilitates Endocrine Resistance in Breast Cancer Through ESR1/ miR-130b-3p Axis: Comprehensive Analysis of mRNA-miRNA-lncRNA Network. Int J Gen Med 2021; 14:4653-4663. [PMID: 34434057 PMCID: PMC8380629 DOI: 10.2147/ijgm.s320998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2021] [Accepted: 07/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background To summarize the regulatory role of mRNA-miRNA-lncRNA network associated with endocrine therapy resistance (ETR) in breast cancer. Methods We analyzed the differentially expressed genes (DEGs), differentially expressed lncRNAs (DELs), and differentially expressed miRNAs (DEMs) in long-term estrogen-deprived (LTED) estrogen receptor (ER)-positive breast cancer cells (LTED MCF7) (modeling relapse on endocrine therapy) and MCF7 cells in the presence of estrogen (E2) (modeling a patient at primary diagnosis) by mining GSE120929 and GSE120930 datasets. The mRNA-miRNA-lncRNA network was constructed by multiple bioinformatic tools. The prognosis of genes from the network was validated in breast cancer patients with following systemic treatment (endocrine therapy) by GEPIA, Kaplan–Meier plotter and UALCAN database. Results Totally, 769 DEGs, 33 DEMs, and 10 DELs were selected. The mRNA-miRNA-lncRNA network was established including 60 mRNA nodes, 6 miRNA nodes and 3 lncRNA nodes. A significant module containing 3 nodes and 3 edges was calculated based on the mRNA-miRNA-lncRNA network. The hub genes in the network are ABCG2, ESR1 and GJA1. ESR1/miR-130b-3p/HOTAIR are significantly correlated with the prognosis of breast cancer patients with endocrine therapy. Conclusion This study provides a novel ETR-related mRNA-miRNA-lncRNA network. Further, we suggest that ESR1/miR-130b-3p/HOTAIR may be promising targets for clinical treatment of endocrine therapy-resistant breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingdi Zhang
- Department of Breast Surgery, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Kejin Wu
- Department of Breast Surgery, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Peng Zhang
- Department of Breast Surgery, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Yiran Qiu
- Department of Breast Surgery, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Fang Bai
- Department of Breast Surgery, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongliang Chen
- Department of Breast Surgery, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
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11
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Zhou Y, Yue Y, Fan S, Jia Q, Ding X. Advances in Pathophysiology of Triple-Negative Breast Cancer: The Potential of lncRNAs for Clinical Diagnosis, Treatment, and Prognostic Monitoring. Mol Biotechnol 2021; 63:1093-1102. [PMID: 34245439 DOI: 10.1007/s12033-021-00368-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2021] [Accepted: 07/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Recent studies have shown that long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are involved in several gene expression regulation processes, including epigenetic regulation, transcriptional regulation, post-transcriptional regulation, and translation regulation. It also plays a crucial role in the regulation of several characteristics of cancer biology, and the dysregulation of lncRNA expression in cancer may be part of the cause of cancer progression. Meanwhile, more and more studies are trying to determine the association between lncRNA expression and TNBC, as well as the functional role and molecular mechanism of the abnormally expressed lncRNA. Therefore, this review lists some abnormal lncRNAs in TNBC, further analyzes their molecular mechanisms and biological roles in the development of TNBC, and summarizes the potential of lncRNAs as biomarkers and therapeutic targets of TNBC, so as to provide ideas for clinical diagnosis, targeted therapy, and prognosis monitoring of TNBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yangkun Zhou
- School of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, 310018, China
| | - Yang Yue
- School of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, 310018, China
| | - Siyu Fan
- School of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, 310018, China
| | - Qiaojun Jia
- School of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, 310018, China
| | - Xianfeng Ding
- School of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, 310018, China.
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12
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Abstract
Metastasis is a major contributor to cancer-associated deaths. It is characterized by a multistep process that occurs through the acquisition of molecular and phenotypic changes enabling cancer cells from a primary tumour to disseminate and colonize at distant organ sites. Over the past decade, the discovery and characterization of long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have revealed the diversity of their regulatory roles, including key contributions throughout the metastatic cascade. Here, we review how lncRNAs promote metastasis by functioning in discrete pro-metastatic steps including the epithelial-mesenchymal transition, invasion and migration and organotrophic colonization, and by influencing the metastatic tumour microenvironment, often by interacting within ribonucleoprotein complexes or directly with other nucleic acid entities. We discuss well-characterized lncRNAs with in vivo phenotypes and highlight mechanistic commonalities such as convergence with the TGFβ-ZEB1/ZEB2 axis or the nuclear factor-κB pathway, in addition to lncRNAs with controversial mechanisms and the influence of methodologies on mechanistic interpretation. Furthermore, some lncRNAs can help identify tumours with increased metastatic risk and spur novel therapeutic strategies, with several lncRNAs having shown potential as novel targets for antisense oligonucleotide therapy in animal models. In addition to well-characterized examples of lncRNAs functioning in metastasis, we discuss controversies and ongoing challenges in lncRNA biology. Finally, we present areas for future study for this rapidly evolving field.
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Affiliation(s)
- S John Liu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regeneration Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Ha X Dang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Washington University in St Louis, St Louis, MO, USA
- Siteman Cancer Center, Washington University in St Louis, St Louis, MO, USA
- McDonnell Genome Institute, Washington University in St Louis, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - Daniel A Lim
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regeneration Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
- San Francisco Veterans Affairs Medical Center, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Felix Y Feng
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Department of Urology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Christopher A Maher
- Department of Internal Medicine, Washington University in St Louis, St Louis, MO, USA.
- Siteman Cancer Center, Washington University in St Louis, St Louis, MO, USA.
- McDonnell Genome Institute, Washington University in St Louis, St Louis, MO, USA.
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University in St Louis, St Louis, MO, USA.
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13
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Gan FJ, Li Y, Xu MX, Zhou T, Wu S, Hu K, Li Y, Sun SH, Luo Q. LncRNA BCAR4 expression and predicts the clinical response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy in patients with locally advanced breast cancer. Cancer Biomark 2021; 32:339-351. [PMID: 34151842 PMCID: PMC8673519 DOI: 10.3233/cbm-210048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) is an important treatment for locally advanced breast cancer (LABC). However, there are no effective biomarkers to predict the efficacy. Therefore, there is an urgent need for new biomarkers to predict the response of LABC to NAC. LncRNA BCAR4 has been detected in a variety of malignant tumor tissues and used as a new biomarker for diagnosis and prognosis. However, LncRNA BCAR4 predicts the response of LABC to NAC is unclear. OBJECTIVE Explore the predictive effect of LncRNA BCAR4 on the efficacy of NAC for LABC in three different evaluation systems. METHODS First, the TCGA database was used to analyze the expression of LncRNA BCAR4 in 33 kinds of malignant tumors, and further explore its expression in breast cancer and its impact on the survival and prognosis of breast cancer. Furthermore, quantitative methods were used to measure the expression level of LncRNA BCAR4 in cancer tissues of 48 LABC patients, and the correlation between LncRNA BCAR4 and clinicopathological status and response to NAC under the evaluation system of 3, RECIST1.1, Miller-Payne (MP) score and whether it reaches pCR,was analyzed. RESULTS TCGA data analysis found that LncRNA is highly expressed in a variety of malignant tumor tissues, including breast cancer. And relatively low expression, the shorter the overall survival time of high expression patients. The high expression of LncRNA BCAR4 is related to the size of the tumor, and there are differences in expression between stage I and other stages, but there is no obvious correlation with the positive lymph node and hormone receptor status. Among the three evaluation systems, only in the RECIST 1.1 evaluation system LncRNA BCAR4 has a predictive effect on NAC for LABC. The expression of LncRNA BCAR4 has no significant correlation with clinical stage, Ki-67% and hormone receptor status, and has no significant correlation with whether patients with locally advanced breast cancer obtain pCR during neoadjuvant chemotherapy. CONCLUSION LncRNA BCAR4 is highly expressed in LABC tissues and may be an effective marker for predicting the efficacy of NAC for LABC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng-Jiao Gan
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
| | - Yi Li
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
| | - Meng-Xi Xu
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
| | - Tie Zhou
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
| | - Shun Wu
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
| | - Kang Hu
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
| | - Yan Li
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
| | - Su-Hong Sun
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China.,Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
| | - Qing Luo
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China.,Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
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14
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Yi Q, Liu Z, Zhang K, Liu X, Wang L, Geng B, Xia Y. The role of long non-coding RNA BCAR4 in human cancers. Hum Cell 2021; 34:1301-1309. [PMID: 34041673 DOI: 10.1007/s13577-021-00556-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2021] [Accepted: 05/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) is a type of non-coding RNA with length of nucleotides > 200 bp. Increasing evidences show that lncRNA breast cancer antiestrogen resistance 4 (BCAR4) plays an important role in the occurrence and development of various human cancers. It is found that BCAR4 is highly expressed in diverse tumor tissues and cells, and the high expression of BCAR4 is usually associated with poor prognosis. BCAR4 is considered as an oncogene in human cancers. By competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) mechanism and regulating different signaling pathways, BCAR4 participates in the proliferation, apoptosis, migration, invasion, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), metastasis and tumorigenesis of different cancers. In addition, overexpression of BCAR4 promotes drug resistance of tumor cells. Therefore, BCAR4 is a promising biomarker for cancer diagnosis and prognosis, and it is a potential target for cancer therapy. This paper reviews studies focusing on the relationship between BCAR4 and cancers in recent years and aims to summarize the effect and mechanism of BCAR4 in human cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiong Yi
- Department of Orthopaedics, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, China.,Orthopaedics Key Laboratory of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, China.,Orthopaedic Clinical Medical Research Center of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, China
| | - Zhongcheng Liu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, China.,Orthopaedics Key Laboratory of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, China.,Orthopaedic Clinical Medical Research Center of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, China
| | - Kun Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, China.,Orthopaedics Key Laboratory of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, China.,Orthopaedic Clinical Medical Research Center of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, China
| | - Xuening Liu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, China.,Orthopaedics Key Laboratory of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, China.,Orthopaedic Clinical Medical Research Center of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, China
| | - Lifu Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, China.,Orthopaedics Key Laboratory of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, China.,Orthopaedic Clinical Medical Research Center of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, China
| | - Bin Geng
- Department of Orthopaedics, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, China.,Orthopaedics Key Laboratory of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, China.,Orthopaedic Clinical Medical Research Center of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, China
| | - Yayi Xia
- Department of Orthopaedics, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, China. .,Orthopaedics Key Laboratory of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, China. .,Orthopaedic Clinical Medical Research Center of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, China.
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15
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Zampedri C, Martínez-Flores WA, Melendez-Zajgla J. The Use of Zebrafish Xenotransplant Assays to Analyze the Role of lncRNAs in Breast Cancer. Front Oncol 2021; 11:687594. [PMID: 34123857 PMCID: PMC8190406 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.687594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2021] [Accepted: 05/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer represents a great challenge since it is the first cause of death by cancer in women worldwide. LncRNAs are a newly described class of non-coding RNAs that participate in cancer progression. Their use as cancer markers and possible therapeutic targets has recently gained strength. Animal xenotransplants allows for in vivo monitoring of disease development, molecular elucidation of pathogenesis and the design of new therapeutic strategies. Nevertheless, the cost and complexities of mice husbandry makes medium to high throughput assays difficult. Zebrafishes (Danio rerio) represent a novel model for these assays, given the ease with which xenotransplantation trials can be performed and the economic and experimental advantages it offers. In this review we propose the use of xenotransplants in zebrafish to study the role of breast cancer lncRNAs using low to medium high throughput assays.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cecilia Zampedri
- Functional Genomics Laboratories, Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genomica, Mexico City, Mexico
| | | | - Jorge Melendez-Zajgla
- Functional Genomics Laboratories, Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genomica, Mexico City, Mexico
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16
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Yang H, Xu F, Chen Y, Tian Z. Putative N-glycoprotein markers of MCF-7/ADR cancer stem cells from N-glycoproteomics characterization of the whole cell lysate. Talanta 2021; 232:122437. [PMID: 34074422 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2021.122437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2021] [Revised: 04/10/2021] [Accepted: 04/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Breast cancer is one of the most malignant diseases among females. N-glycoproteomics studies have shown that N-glycosylation alteration of tumor cells is the key player of cancer progression, multidrug resistance (MDR) and high mortality. Cancer stem cells (CSCs) have the remarkable potential of self-renewing and differentiation which leads to drug resistance and metastasis. To investigate the differentially expressed N-glycosylation in adriamycin-resistant breast cancer stem cells MCF-7/ADR CSCs (relative to MCF-7 CSCs) and find the putative biomarkers, 1:1 paired ZIC-HILIC-enriched and stable isotopic diethyl labelled (SIDE) intact N-glycopeptides from MCF-7/ADR CSCs and MCF-7 CSCs were analyzed with C18-RPLC-ESI-MS/MS (HCD with stepped NCE); differentially expressed intact N-glycopeptides (DEGPs) were identified and quantified via search engine GPSeeker. With control of spectrum-level FDR≤1%, 5515 intact N-glycopeptides were identified (1737 N-glycosites, 1705 peptide backbones and 1516 intact N-glycoproteins; 181 putative N-glycan linkages and 68 monosaccharide compositions). Among 5515 intact N-glycopeptide IDs, 3864 were identified with glycoform score≥1, i.e., one or more structure-diagnostic fragment ions were observed to distinguish sequence isomers. With the three technical replicates and the criteria of fold change≥1.5 and p value<0.05, 380 DEGPs (corresponding to 153 intact N-glycoproteins) were found along with 293 down-regulated and 87 up-regulated. For these 153 intact N-glycoproteins, the molecular functions and biological processes of were comprehensively discussed, and side-to-side comparison of differential expression results with other method were also made.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hailun Yang
- School of Chemical Science & Engineering, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Chemical Assessment and Sustainability, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Feifei Xu
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China
| | - Yun Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China.
| | - Zhixin Tian
- School of Chemical Science & Engineering, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Chemical Assessment and Sustainability, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China.
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17
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A fusion of CD63-BCAR4 identified in lung adenocarcinoma promotes tumorigenicity and metastasis. Br J Cancer 2020; 124:290-298. [PMID: 33204025 PMCID: PMC7782829 DOI: 10.1038/s41416-020-01146-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2020] [Revised: 09/29/2020] [Accepted: 10/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Recently, fusion variants of the breast cancer anti-oestrogen-resistance 4 (BCAR4) gene were recurrently discovered in lung adenocarcinoma from the genome-wide studies. However, the functional characterisation of BCAR4 fusion has not been investigated. Methods Based on the analysis of RNA-sequencing data, we identified a fusion transcript of CD63–BCAR4 in a Korean patient with lung adenocarcinoma who did not harbour any known activating mutations in EGFR and KRAS genes. To investigate the oncogenic effect of CD63–BCAR4, in vitro and in vivo animal experiments were performed. Results In vitro experiments showed strongly enhanced cell migration and proliferation by the exogenous expression of CD63–BCAR4 protein in bronchial epithelial cells. Cell migration was notably reduced after knockdown of BCAR4 fusion by small-interfering RNA. The tumorigenic and metastatic capability of the CD63–BCAR4 fusion was confirmed by using the mouse xenograft model. Fusion-overexpressed cells result in metastasis to the liver and lung as well as the primary tumours after subcutaneous injection into mice. Cyclin D1, MMP1, Slug and mesenchymal markers were significantly increased after CD63–BCAR4 overexpression in the in vitro and in vivo experiments. Conclusions Taken together, our results suggest a newly identified fusion gene, CD63–BCAR4 as a potential novel oncogene in lung adenocarcinoma.
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18
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Variant in BCAR4 gene correlated with the breast cancer susceptibility and mRNA expression of lncRNA BCAR4 in Chinese Han population. Breast Cancer 2020; 28:424-433. [PMID: 33113070 DOI: 10.1007/s12282-020-01174-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2020] [Accepted: 10/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Long non-coding RNA (LncRNA) Breast cancer anti-estrogen resistance 4 (BCAR4) has been shown to participate in the biological progress of various cancers including breast cancer. Genetic Polymorphisms in BCAR4 may have an influence on the progress of breast cancer, but it is rarely studied. METHODS In our epidemiology study, three tagging SNPs (rs4561483, rs11649623 and rs13334967) in lncRNA BCAR4 were selected for genotyping among 487 breast cancer cases and 489 healthy controls. And quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) was performed to evaluate the relative mRNA expression of BCAR4 in different genotypes of the significant locus rs13334967. RESULTS We found that BCAR4 rs13334967 is associated with lower breast cancer risk both in codominant model (AT vs AA, OR 0.632, 95% CI 0.429-0.931, TT vs AA, OR 0.731, 95% CI 0.511-0.990) and dominant model (AT + TT vs AA, OR 0.798, 95% CI 0.571-0.970). The further results of qRT-PCR displayed that carriers with rs13334967 AT, TT genotype have lower BCAR4 mRNA expression compared with AA genotype. CONCLUSION The research study implied that BCAR4 rs13334967 was correlated with the susceptibility to breast cancer and may impact the mRNA expression of BCAR4. LncRNA BCAR4 may be a potential biomarker and therapeutic target for breast cancer.
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19
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Olivero CE, Dimitrova N. Identification and characterization of functional long noncoding RNAs in cancer. FASEB J 2020; 34:15630-15646. [PMID: 33058262 PMCID: PMC7756267 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202001951r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2020] [Revised: 09/29/2020] [Accepted: 10/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have emerged as key regulators in a variety of cellular processes that influence disease states. In particular, many lncRNAs are genetically or epigenetically deregulated in cancer. However, whether lncRNA alterations are passengers acquired during cancer progression or can act as tumorigenic drivers is a topic of ongoing investigation. In this review, we examine the current methodologies underlying the identification of cancer-associated lncRNAs and highlight important considerations for evaluating their biological significance as cancer drivers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christiane E Olivero
- Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Nadya Dimitrova
- Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
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20
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Zhang HD, Jiang LH, Zhong SL, Li J, Sun DW, Hou JC, Wang DD, Zhou SY, Tang JH. The role of long non-coding RNAs in drug resistance of cancer. Clin Genet 2020; 99:84-92. [PMID: 32583420 DOI: 10.1111/cge.13800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2020] [Revised: 06/11/2020] [Accepted: 06/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), a class of long RNAs, are longer than 200 nucleotides in length but lack protein-coding capacity. LncRNAs, as critical genomic regulators, are involved in genomic imprinting regulation, histone modification and gene expression regulation as well as tumor initiation and progression. However, it is also found that lncRNAs are associated with drug resistance in several types of cancer. Drug resistance is an important reason for clinical chemotherapy failure, and the molecular mechanism of tumor resistance is complex, which is a process of multi-cause, multi-gene and multi-signal transduction pathway interaction. Then comprehending the mechanisms of chemoresistance will help find ways to control the tumor progression effectively. Therefore, in this review, we will construct lncRNAs /drug resistance interaction network and shed light on the role of lncRNAs in drug resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- He-da Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Lin-Hong Jiang
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Xuzhou Infectious Disease Hospital, Xuzhou, China
| | - Shan-Liang Zhong
- Center of Clinical Laboratory, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University and Jiangsu Cancer Hospital and Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, Nanjing, China
| | - Jian Li
- Department of General Surgery, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University and Jiangsu Cancer Hospital and Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, Nanjing, China
| | - Da-Wei Sun
- Department of General Surgery, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University and Jiangsu Cancer Hospital and Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, Nanjing, China
| | - Jun-Chen Hou
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Dan-Dan Wang
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Si-Ying Zhou
- The First Clinical Medical College, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Jin-Hai Tang
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
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21
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Wang A, Meng J, Liu H, Li C, Zhou Z. Long non-coding RNA BCAR4 promotes liver cancer progression by regulating proliferation, migration and invasion. Oncol Lett 2020; 20:2779-2787. [PMID: 32782595 PMCID: PMC7400972 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2020.11826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2019] [Accepted: 09/06/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Liver cancer (LC) is one of the primary contributors of cancer-associated death worldwide. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been shown to participate in almost every aspect of cell biology and serve fundamental roles in carcinogenesis and cancer progression, including in LC. However, the clinical significance and functional role of the lncRNA breast cancer anti-estrogen resistance 4 (BCAR4) in LC have not yet been identified. The present study measured the expression levels of BCAR4 in LC cells and tissues, and discovered that BCAR4 was upregulated in LC tissues compared with adjacent normal tissues. Furthermore, high BCAR4 expression was associated with the presence of multiple tumors and advanced Tumor-Node-Metastasis stages (III/IV). Survival analysis found that high BCAR4 expression indicated poor overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS). By analyzing the risk factors of poor OS and PFS using univariate analysis and multivariate analysis, high BCAR4 expression was revealed to be an independent risk factor of poor prognosis. In addition, the role of BCAR4 was further investigated in vitro, which revealed overexpression of BCAR4 to markedly promote the proliferation, migration and invasion of LC cells. Conversely, the loss of BCAR4 expression repressed the proliferation, migration and invasion of LC cells. In conclusion, BCAR4 is overexpressed in LC and is associated with LC progression. Therefore, BCAR4 may be used as a potential prognostic marker in LC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aiyao Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital Affiliated to Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Jun Meng
- Department of Gastroenterology, Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital Affiliated to Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Hui Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital Affiliated to Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Chen Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital Affiliated to Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Zhiyong Zhou
- Department of Oncology, Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital Affiliated to Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
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22
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Long Noncoding RNAs Involved in the Endocrine Therapy Resistance of Breast Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12061424. [PMID: 32486413 PMCID: PMC7353012 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12061424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2020] [Revised: 05/25/2020] [Accepted: 05/27/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are defined as RNAs longer than 200 nucleotides that do not encode proteins. Recent studies have demonstrated that numerous lncRNAs are expressed in humans and play key roles in the development of various types of cancers. Intriguingly, some lncRNAs have been demonstrated to be involved in endocrine therapy resistance for breast cancer through their own mechanisms, suggesting that lncRNAs could be promising new biomarkers and therapeutic targets of breast cancer. Here, we summarize the functions and mechanisms of lncRNAs related to the endocrine therapy resistance of breast cancer.
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23
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Non-coding RNAs in drug resistance of head and neck cancers: A review. Biomed Pharmacother 2020; 127:110231. [PMID: 32428836 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2020.110231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2020] [Revised: 04/30/2020] [Accepted: 05/03/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Head and neck cancer (HNC), which includes epithelial malignancies of the upper aerodigestive tract (oral cavity, oropharynx, pharynx, hypopharynx, larynx, and thyroid), are slowly but consistently increasing, while the overall survival rate remains unsatisfactory. Because of the multifunctional anatomical intricacies of the head and neck, disease progression and therapy-related side effects often severely affect the patient's appearance and self-image, as well as their ability to breathe, speak, and swallow. Patients with HNC require a multidisciplinary approach involving surgery, radiation therapy, and chemotherapeutics. Chemotherapy is an important part of the comprehensive treatment of tumors, especially advanced HNC, but drug resistance is the main cause of poor clinical efficacy. The most important determinant of this phenomenon is still largely unknown. Recent studies have shown that non-coding RNAs have a crucial role in HNC drug resistance. In addition, they can serve as biomarkers in the diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis of HNCs. In this review, we summarize the relationship between non-coding RNAs and drug resistance of HNC, and discuss their potential clinical application in overcoming HNC chemoresistance.
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24
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Cantile M, Di Bonito M, Cerrone M, Collina F, De Laurentiis M, Botti G. Long Non-Coding RNA HOTAIR in Breast Cancer Therapy. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12051197. [PMID: 32397382 PMCID: PMC7281113 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12051197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2020] [Revised: 05/05/2020] [Accepted: 05/06/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) is the most common cancer type among women, and morbidity and mortality rates are still very high. Despite new innovative therapeutic approaches for all BC molecular subtypes, the discovery of new molecular biomarkers involved in tumor progression has been fundamental for the implementation of personalized treatment strategies and improvement of patient management. Many experimental studies indicate that long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are strongly involved in BC initiation, metastatic progression, and drug resistance. In particular, aberrant expression of HOX transcript antisense intergenic RNA (HOTAIR) lncRNA plays an important role in BC contributing to its progression and represents a predictor of BC metastasis. For its proven prognostic value, HOTAIR could represent a potential therapeutic target in BC. In the present review, we summarize the role of HOTAIR in cancer progression and drug resistance, in particular in BC, and we illustrate the main approaches for silencing it.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monica Cantile
- Pathology Unit, Istituto Nazionale Tumori-Irccs-Fondazione G.Pascale, 80131 Naples, Italy; (M.D.B.); (M.C.); (F.C.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-0815903471; Fax: +39-0815903718
| | - Maurizio Di Bonito
- Pathology Unit, Istituto Nazionale Tumori-Irccs-Fondazione G.Pascale, 80131 Naples, Italy; (M.D.B.); (M.C.); (F.C.)
| | - Margherita Cerrone
- Pathology Unit, Istituto Nazionale Tumori-Irccs-Fondazione G.Pascale, 80131 Naples, Italy; (M.D.B.); (M.C.); (F.C.)
| | - Francesca Collina
- Pathology Unit, Istituto Nazionale Tumori-Irccs-Fondazione G.Pascale, 80131 Naples, Italy; (M.D.B.); (M.C.); (F.C.)
| | | | - Gerardo Botti
- Scientific Direction, Istituto Nazionale Tumori-Irccs-Fondazione G.Pascale, 80131 Naples, Italy;
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25
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A Comparative Analysis of Oocyte Development in Mammals. Cells 2020; 9:cells9041002. [PMID: 32316494 PMCID: PMC7226043 DOI: 10.3390/cells9041002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2020] [Revised: 04/06/2020] [Accepted: 04/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Sexual reproduction requires the fertilization of a female gamete after it has undergone optimal development. Various aspects of oocyte development and many molecular actors in this process are shared among mammals, but phylogeny and experimental data reveal species specificities. In this chapter, we will present these common and distinctive features with a focus on three points: the shaping of the oocyte transcriptome from evolutionarily conserved and rapidly evolving genes, the control of folliculogenesis and ovulation rate by oocyte-secreted Growth and Differentiation Factor 9 and Bone Morphogenetic Protein 15, and the importance of lipid metabolism.
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26
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Brown JM, Wasson MCD, Marcato P. The Missing Lnc: The Potential of Targeting Triple-Negative Breast Cancer and Cancer Stem Cells by Inhibiting Long Non-Coding RNAs. Cells 2020; 9:cells9030763. [PMID: 32244924 PMCID: PMC7140662 DOI: 10.3390/cells9030763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2019] [Revised: 03/10/2020] [Accepted: 03/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Treatment decisions for breast cancer are based on staging and hormone receptor expression and include chemotherapies and endocrine therapy. While effective in many cases, some breast cancers are resistant to therapy, metastasize and recur, leading to eventual death. Higher percentages of tumor-initiating cancer stem cells (CSCs) may contribute to the increased aggressiveness, chemoresistance, and worse outcomes among breast cancer. This may be particularly true in triple-negative breast cancers (TNBCs) which have higher percentages of CSCs and are associated with worse outcomes. In recent years, increasing numbers of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been identified as playing an important role in breast cancer progression and some of these have been specifically associated within the CSC populations of breast cancers. LncRNAs are non-protein-coding transcripts greater than 200 nucleotides which can have critical functions in gene expression regulation. The preclinical evidence regarding lncRNA antagonists for the treatment of cancer is promising and therefore, presents a potential novel approach for treating breast cancer and targeting therapy-resistant CSCs within these tumors. Herein, we summarize the lncRNAs that have been identified as functionally relevant in breast CSCs. Furthermore, our review of the literature and analysis of patient datasets has revealed that many of these breast CSC-associated lncRNAs are also enriched in TNBC. Together, this suggests that these lncRNAs may be playing a particularly important role in TNBC. Thus, certain breast cancer-promoting/CSC-associated lncRNAs could be targeted in the treatment of TNBCs and the CSCs within these tumors should be susceptible to anti-lncRNA therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justin M Brown
- Departments of Pathology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS B3H 4R2, Canada; (J.M.B.); (M.-C.D.W.)
| | - Marie-Claire D Wasson
- Departments of Pathology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS B3H 4R2, Canada; (J.M.B.); (M.-C.D.W.)
| | - Paola Marcato
- Departments of Pathology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS B3H 4R2, Canada; (J.M.B.); (M.-C.D.W.)
- Departments of Microbiology & Immunology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS B3H 4R2, Canada
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-902-494-4239; Fax: +1-902-494-2519
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27
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Investigating the role of BCAR4 in ovarian physiology and female fertility by genome editing in rabbit. Sci Rep 2020; 10:4992. [PMID: 32193429 PMCID: PMC7081282 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-61689-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2019] [Accepted: 02/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast Cancer Anti-estrogen Resistance 4 (BCAR4) was previously characterised in bovine species as a gene preferentially expressed in oocytes, whose inhibition is detrimental to in vitro embryo development. But its role in oogenesis, folliculogenesis and globally fertility in vivo remains unknown. Because the gene is not conserved in mice, rabbits were chosen for investigation of BCAR4 expression and function in vivo. BCAR4 displayed preferential expression in the ovary compared to somatic organs, and within the ovarian follicle in the oocyte compared to somatic cells. The transcript was detected in follicles as early as the preantral stage. Abundance decreased throughout embryo development until the blastocyst stage. A lineage of genome-edited rabbits was produced; BCAR4 expression was abolished in follicles from homozygous animals. Females of wild-type, heterozygous and homozygous genotypes were examined for ovarian physiology and reproductive parameters. Follicle growth and the number of ovulations in response to hormonal stimulation were not significantly different between genotypes. Following insemination, homozygous females displayed a significantly lower delivery rate than their heterozygous counterparts (22 ± 7% vs 71 ± 11% (mean ± SEM)), while prolificacy was 1.8 ± 0.7 vs 6.0 ± 1.4 kittens per insemination. In conclusion, BCAR4 is not essential for follicular growth and ovulation but it contributes to optimal fertility in rabbits.
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28
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Vasmatzis G, Liu MC, Reganti S, Feathers RW, Smadbeck J, Johnson SH, Schaefer Klein JL, Harris FR, Yang L, Kosari F, Murphy SJ, Borad MJ, Thompson EA, Cheville JC, Anastasiadis PZ. Integration of Comprehensive Genomic Analysis and Functional Screening of Affected Molecular Pathways to Inform Cancer Therapy. Mayo Clin Proc 2020; 95:306-318. [PMID: 31685261 PMCID: PMC7251931 DOI: 10.1016/j.mayocp.2019.07.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2019] [Revised: 07/15/2019] [Accepted: 07/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To select optimal therapies based on the detection of actionable genomic alterations in tumor samples is a major challenge in precision medicine. METHODS We describe an effective process (opened December 1, 2017) that combines comprehensive genomic and transcriptomic tumor profiling, custom algorithms and visualization software for data integration, and preclinical 3-dimensiona ex vivo models for drug screening to assess response to therapeutic agents targeting specific genomic alterations. The process was applied to a patient with widely metastatic, weakly hormone receptor positive, HER2 nonamplified, infiltrating lobular breast cancer refractory to standard therapy. RESULTS Clinical testing of liver metastasis identified BRIP1, NF1, CDH1, RB1, and TP53 mutations pointing to potential therapies including PARP, MEK/RAF, and CDK inhibitors. The comprehensive genomic analysis identified 395 mutations and several structural rearrangements that resulted in loss of function of 36 genes. Meta-analysis revealed biallelic inactivation of TP53, CDH1, FOXA1, and NIN, whereas only one allele of NF1 and BRIP1 was mutated. A novel ERBB2 somatic mutation of undetermined significance (P702L), high expression of both mutated and wild-type ERBB2 transcripts, high expression of ERBB3, and a LITAF-BCAR4 fusion resulting in BCAR4 overexpression pointed toward ERBB-related therapies. Ex vivo analysis validated the ERBB-related therapies and invalidated therapies targeting mutations in BRIP1 and NF1. Systemic patient therapy with afatinib, a HER1/HER2/HER4 small molecule inhibitor, resulted in a near complete radiographic response by 3 months. CONCLUSION Unlike clinical testing, the combination of tumor profiling, data integration, and functional validation accurately assessed driver alterations and predicted effective treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- George Vasmatzis
- Molecular Medicine and Biomarker Discovery Program, Center for Individualized Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN.
| | - Minetta C Liu
- Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Rochester, MN
| | | | | | - James Smadbeck
- Molecular Medicine and Biomarker Discovery Program, Center for Individualized Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - Sarah H Johnson
- Molecular Medicine and Biomarker Discovery Program, Center for Individualized Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - Janet L Schaefer Klein
- Molecular Medicine and Biomarker Discovery Program, Center for Individualized Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - Faye R Harris
- Molecular Medicine and Biomarker Discovery Program, Center for Individualized Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - Lin Yang
- Molecular Medicine and Biomarker Discovery Program, Center for Individualized Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - Farhad Kosari
- Molecular Medicine and Biomarker Discovery Program, Center for Individualized Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - Stephen J Murphy
- Molecular Medicine and Biomarker Discovery Program, Center for Individualized Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - Mitesh J Borad
- Molecular Medicine and Medical Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Phoenix, AZ
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29
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Huang L, Liang G, Zhang Q, Zhao W. The Role of Long Noncoding RNAs in Antiestrogen Resistance in Breast Cancer: An Overview and Update. J Breast Cancer 2020; 23:129-140. [PMID: 32395373 PMCID: PMC7192751 DOI: 10.4048/jbc.2020.23.e10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2019] [Accepted: 01/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
As a standard treatment, endocrine therapy has dramatically enhanced the prognosis of patients with estrogen receptor (ER)-positive breast cancer, which accounts for nearly 70% of all breast cancers. Antiestrogen drugs such as tamoxifen and aromatase inhibitors are the standard treatment options for ERα-positive breast cancer. However, acquired antiestrogen resistance is still the leading cause of disease recurrence and progression. Evidence has shown that long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) play an essential role in the development of antiestrogen resistance in ER-positive breast cancer and can serve as biomarkers or potential therapeutic targets. This review highlights the role of lncRNAs in the development of antiestrogen resistance in breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lan Huang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Guohua Liang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Qingyuan Zhang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.,Institute of Cancer Prevention and Treatment, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.,Heilongjiang Academy of Medical Sciences, Harbin, China
| | - Wenhui Zhao
- Department of Medical Oncology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
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30
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Alkhanjaf AAM, Raggiaschi R, Crawford M, Pinto G, Godovac‐Zimmermann J. Moonlighting Proteins and Cardiopathy in the Spatial Response of MCF-7 Breast Cancer Cells to Tamoxifen. Proteomics Clin Appl 2019; 13:e1900029. [PMID: 31282103 PMCID: PMC6771495 DOI: 10.1002/prca.201900029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2019] [Revised: 07/03/2019] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The purpose of this study is to apply quantitative high-throughput proteomics methods to investigate dynamic aspects of protein changes in nucleocytoplasmic distribution of proteins and of total protein abundance for MCF-7 cells exposed to tamoxifen (Tam) in order to reveal the agonistic and antagonistic roles of the drug. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN The MS-based global quantitative proteomics with the analysis of fractions enriched in target subcellular locations is applied to measure the changes in total abundance and in the compartmental abundance/distribution between the nucleus and cytoplasm for several thousand proteins differentially expressed in MCF-7 cells in response to Tam stimulation. RESULTS The response of MCF-7 cells to the Tam treatment shows significant changes in subcellular abundance rather than in their total abundance. The bioinformatics study reveals the relevance of moonlighting proteins and numerous pathways involved in Tam response of MCF-7 including some of which may explain the agonistic and antagonistic roles of the drug. CONCLUSIONS The results indicate possible protective role of Tam against cardiovascular diseases as well as its involvement in G-protein coupled receptors pathways that enhance breast tissue proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdulrab Ahmed M. Alkhanjaf
- Proteomics and Molecular Cell DynamicsDivision of MedicineSchool of Life and Medical SciencesUniversity College LondonNW3 2PFLondonUK
- Molecular Biotechnology, Department of Clinical Laboratory SciencesCollege of Applied Medical sciencesNajran UniversityNajran61441Saudi Arabia
| | - Roberto Raggiaschi
- Proteomics and Molecular Cell DynamicsDivision of MedicineSchool of Life and Medical SciencesUniversity College LondonNW3 2PFLondonUK
| | - Mark Crawford
- Proteomics and Molecular Cell DynamicsDivision of MedicineSchool of Life and Medical SciencesUniversity College LondonNW3 2PFLondonUK
| | - Gabriella Pinto
- Proteomics and Molecular Cell DynamicsDivision of MedicineSchool of Life and Medical SciencesUniversity College LondonNW3 2PFLondonUK
- Department of Chemical SciencesUniversity of Naples Federico II80126NaplesItaly
| | - Jasminka Godovac‐Zimmermann
- Proteomics and Molecular Cell DynamicsDivision of MedicineSchool of Life and Medical SciencesUniversity College LondonNW3 2PFLondonUK
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31
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Alkhanjaf AAM, Raggiaschi R, Crawford M, Pinto G, Godovac-Zimmermann J. Moonlighting Proteins and Cardiopathy in the Spatial Response of MCF-7 Breast Cancer Cells to Tamoxifen. PROTEOMICS. CLINICAL APPLICATIONS 2019. [PMID: 31282103 DOI: 10.1002/prca.201900029,] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The purpose of this study is to apply quantitative high-throughput proteomics methods to investigate dynamic aspects of protein changes in nucleocytoplasmic distribution of proteins and of total protein abundance for MCF-7 cells exposed to tamoxifen (Tam) in order to reveal the agonistic and antagonistic roles of the drug. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN The MS-based global quantitative proteomics with the analysis of fractions enriched in target subcellular locations is applied to measure the changes in total abundance and in the compartmental abundance/distribution between the nucleus and cytoplasm for several thousand proteins differentially expressed in MCF-7 cells in response to Tam stimulation. RESULTS The response of MCF-7 cells to the Tam treatment shows significant changes in subcellular abundance rather than in their total abundance. The bioinformatics study reveals the relevance of moonlighting proteins and numerous pathways involved in Tam response of MCF-7 including some of which may explain the agonistic and antagonistic roles of the drug. CONCLUSIONS The results indicate possible protective role of Tam against cardiovascular diseases as well as its involvement in G-protein coupled receptors pathways that enhance breast tissue proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdulrab Ahmed M Alkhanjaf
- Proteomics and Molecular Cell Dynamics, Division of Medicine, School of Life and Medical Sciences, University College London, NW3 2PF, London, UK.,Molecular Biotechnology, Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical sciences, Najran University, Najran, 61441, Saudi Arabia
| | - Roberto Raggiaschi
- Proteomics and Molecular Cell Dynamics, Division of Medicine, School of Life and Medical Sciences, University College London, NW3 2PF, London, UK
| | - Mark Crawford
- Proteomics and Molecular Cell Dynamics, Division of Medicine, School of Life and Medical Sciences, University College London, NW3 2PF, London, UK
| | - Gabriella Pinto
- Proteomics and Molecular Cell Dynamics, Division of Medicine, School of Life and Medical Sciences, University College London, NW3 2PF, London, UK.,Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, 80126, Naples, Italy
| | - Jasminka Godovac-Zimmermann
- Proteomics and Molecular Cell Dynamics, Division of Medicine, School of Life and Medical Sciences, University College London, NW3 2PF, London, UK
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32
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Wei L, Yi Z, Guo K, Long X. Long noncoding RNA BCAR4 promotes glioma cell proliferation via EGFR/PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. J Cell Physiol 2019; 234:23608-23617. [DOI: 10.1002/jcp.28929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2019] [Revised: 05/19/2019] [Accepted: 05/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lian Wei
- Department of Neurosurgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College Chinese Academy of Medical Science Beijing China
| | - Zhao Yi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College Chinese Academy of Medical Science Beijing China
| | - Kongyan Guo
- Department of Neurosurgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College Chinese Academy of Medical Science Beijing China
| | - Xu Long
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital Capital Medical University Beijing China
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33
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Meng Y, Liu YL, Li K, Fu T. Prognostic value of long non-coding RNA breast cancer anti-estrogen resistance 4 in human cancers: A meta-analysis. Medicine (Baltimore) 2019; 98:e15793. [PMID: 31124974 PMCID: PMC6571273 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000015793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Since long non-coding RNA breast cancer anti-estrogen resistance 4 (lncRNA BCAR4) is dysregulated in various types of cancers, we conducted a meta-analysis to determine its prognostic value in cancer. METHODS PubMed, EMBASE database, and CENTRAL were systematically searched.Pooled hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were collected to estimate the prognostic value. Odds ratios (ORs) and their 95% CIs were used to assess the association between lncRNA BCAR4 expression and clinicopathological features, including tumor size, differentiation, lymph node metastasis, distant metastasis, and tumor stage. RESULTS Ten studies with 890 patients were included in this meta-analysis. The pooled results indicated that high lncRNA BCAR4 expression was associated with poor overall survival (OS) (HR 2.80, 95% CI: 2.08-3.78; P < .001). Overexpression of lncRNA BCAR4 was related to lymph node metastasis (OR 3.68, 95% CI: 2.25-6.00; P < .001), high tumor stage (OR 3.19, 95% CI: 1.98-5.13; P < .001), and distant metastasis (OR 3.83, 95% CI: 2.15-6.82; P < .001), but not to tumor size. CONCLUSIONS Therefore, lncRNA BCAR4 overexpression is associated with poor OS and advanced clinicopathological features, and lncRNA BCAR4 may be a novel prognostic biomarker in cancer patients. However, further high-quality studies are needed to confirm these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Meng
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery II, Key Laboratory of Hubei Province for Digestive System Disease
| | - Yu-Lan Liu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Remin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Kai Li
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery II, Key Laboratory of Hubei Province for Digestive System Disease
| | - Tao Fu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery II, Key Laboratory of Hubei Province for Digestive System Disease
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Abstract
Long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) genes have recently been discovered as key regulators of developmental, physiological, and pathological processes in humans. Recent studies indicate that lncRNAs regulate every step of gene expression, and their aberrant expression can be found in the majority of cancer types. Particularly, lncRNAs were found to function in tumor development and metastasis, which is the major cause of cancer-related death. Thus, exploring key roles of lncRNAs in metastasis is predicted to enhance our knowledge of metastasis, and uncover novel therapeutic targets and biomarkers of this process. In this review, we discuss the molecular mechanisms of lncRNAs in gene expression regulation and their function in metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qihong Huang
- Biomedical Research Center, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Jinchun Yan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Cancer Hospital of Fudan University, 270 Dong An Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Reuven Agami
- Division of Oncogenomics, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
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G-Protein Coupled Estrogen Receptor in Breast Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20020306. [PMID: 30646517 PMCID: PMC6359026 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20020306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2018] [Revised: 01/10/2019] [Accepted: 01/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The G-protein coupled estrogen receptor (GPER), an alternate estrogen receptor (ER) with a structure distinct from the two canonical ERs, being ERα, and ERβ, is expressed in 50% to 60% of breast cancer tissues and has been presumed to be associated with the development of tamoxifen resistance in ERα positive breast cancer. On the other hand, triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) constitutes 15% to 20% of breast cancers and frequently displays a more aggressive behavior. GPER is prevalent and involved in TNBC and can be a therapeutic target. However, contradictory results exist regarding the function of GPER in breast cancer, proliferative or pro-apoptotic. A better understanding of the GPER, its role in breast cancer, and the interactions with the ER and epidermal growth factor receptor will be beneficial for the disease management and prevention in the future.
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Huang M, Wang Y. Roles of Small GTPases in Acquired Tamoxifen Resistance in MCF-7 Cells Revealed by Targeted, Quantitative Proteomic Analysis. Anal Chem 2018; 90:14551-14560. [PMID: 30431262 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.8b04526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Development of tamoxifen resistance remains a tremendous challenge for the treatment of estrogen-receptor (ER)-positive breast cancer. Small GTPases of the Ras superfamily play crucial roles in intracellular trafficking and cell signaling, and aberrant small-GTPase signaling is implicated in many types of cancer. In this study, we employed a targeted, quantitative proteomic approach that relies on stable-isotope labeling by amino acids in cell culture (SILAC), gel fractionation, and scheduled multiple-reaction-monitoring (MRM) analysis, to assess the differential expression of small GTPases in MCF-7 and the paired tamoxifen-resistant breast cancer cells. The method displayed superior sensitivity and reproducibility over the shotgun-proteomic approach, and it facilitated the quantification of 96 small GTPases. Among them, 13 and 10 proteins were significantly down- and up-regulated (with >1.5-fold change), respectively, in the tamoxifen-resistant line relative to in the parental line. In particular, we observed a significant down-regulation of RAB31 in tamoxifen-resistant cells, which, in combination with bioinformatic analysis and downstream validation experiments, supported a role for RAB31 in tamoxifen resistance in ER-positive breast-cancer cells. Together, our results demonstrated that the targeted proteomic method constituted a powerful approach for revealing the role of small GTPases in therapeutic resistance.
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Pecero ML, Salvador-Bofill J, Molina-Pinelo S. Long non-coding RNAs as monitoring tools and therapeutic targets in breast cancer. Cell Oncol (Dordr) 2018; 42:1-12. [DOI: 10.1007/s13402-018-0412-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
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Shen Y, Zhong J, Liu J, Liu K, Zhao J, Xu T, Zeng T, Li Z, Chen Y, Ding W, Wen G, Zu X, Cao R. Protein arginine N-methyltransferase 2 reverses tamoxifen resistance in breast cancer cells through suppression of ER-α36. Oncol Rep 2018; 39:2604-2612. [PMID: 29620287 PMCID: PMC5983932 DOI: 10.3892/or.2018.6350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2017] [Accepted: 03/28/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is one of the most common malignancies in females, and 17β-estradiol (E2)/estrogen receptor α (ERα) signaling plays an important role in the initiation and progression of breast cancer. The role of the ER-α subtype and its co-regulator in the initiation of breast cancer and the occurrence of tamoxifen resistance remains to be further elucidated. In our previous studies, protein arginine N-methyltransferase 2 (PRMT2), a co-regulator of estrogen receptor-α (ER-α), was confirmed to interact with ER-α66 and has the ability to inhibit cell proliferation in breast cancer cells. In the present study, we found that tamoxifen treatment induced a decrease in PRMT2 and an increase in ER-α36 as well as ER-α36-mediated non-genomic effect in MDA-MB-231 cells, which were relatively resistant to tamoxifen by contrast to MCF-7 cells. Moreover, PRMT2 was able to interact with ER-α36 directly, suppress ER-α36 and downstream PI3K/Akt and MAPK/ERK signaling, reversing the tamoxifen resistance of breast cancer cells. The present study may be meaningful for understanding the role of PRMT2 in breast cancer progression and for developing a new endocrine therapeutic strategy for breast cancer patients with tamoxifen resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingying Shen
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, P.R. China
| | - Jing Zhong
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, P.R. China
| | - Jianghua Liu
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, P.R. China
- Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, P.R. China
| | - Kehuang Liu
- Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, P.R. China
| | - Jun Zhao
- Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, P.R. China
| | - Ting Xu
- Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, P.R. China
| | - Ting Zeng
- Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, P.R. China
| | - Zhimei Li
- Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, P.R. China
| | - Yajun Chen
- Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, P.R. China
| | - Wenjun Ding
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, P.R. China
| | - Gebo Wen
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, P.R. China
| | - Xuyu Zu
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, P.R. China
| | - Renxian Cao
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, P.R. China
- Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, P.R. China
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40
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Diamantopoulos MA, Tsiakanikas P, Scorilas A. Non-coding RNAs: the riddle of the transcriptome and their perspectives in cancer. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2018; 6:241. [PMID: 30069443 DOI: 10.21037/atm.2018.06.10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) constitute a heterogeneous group of RNA molecules in terms of biogenesis, biological function as well as length and structure. These biological molecules have gained attention recently as a potentially crucial layer of tumor cell progression or regulation. ncRNAs are expressed in a broad spectrum of tumors, and they play an important role not only in maintaining but also in promoting cancer development and progression. Recent discoveries have revealed that ncRNAs may act as key signal transduction mediators in tumor signaling pathways by interacting with RNA or proteins. These results reinforce the hypothesis, that ncRNAs constitute therapeutic targets, and point out their clinical potential as stratification markers. The major purpose of this review is to mention the emergence of the importance of ncRNAs, as molecules which are correlated with cancer, and to discuss their clinical implicit as prognostic diagnostic indicators, biomarkers, and therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marios A Diamantopoulos
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Panagiotis Tsiakanikas
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Andreas Scorilas
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
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41
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Kumar BNP, Puvvada N, Rajput S, Sarkar S, Mahto MK, Yallapu MM, Pathak A, Emdad L, Das SK, Reis RL, Kundu SC, Fisher PB, Mandal M. Targeting of EGFR, VEGFR2, and Akt by Engineered Dual Drug Encapsulated Mesoporous Silica-Gold Nanoclusters Sensitizes Tamoxifen-Resistant Breast Cancer. Mol Pharm 2018; 15:2698-2713. [PMID: 29787277 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.8b00218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Tamoxifen administration enhanced overall disease-free survival and diminished mortality rates in cancer patients. However, patients with breast cancer often fail to respond for tamoxifen therapy due to the development of a drug-resistant phenotype. Functional analysis and molecular studies suggest that protein mutation and dysregulation of survival signaling molecules such as epidermal growth factor receptor, vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2, and Akt contribute to tamoxifen resistance. Various strategies, including combinatorial therapies, show chemosensitize tamoxifen-resistant cancers. Based on chemotoxicity issues, researchers are actively investigating alternative therapeutic strategies. In the current study, we fabricate a mesoporous silica gold cluster nanodrug delivery system that displays exceptional tumor-targeting capability, thus promoting accretion of drug indices at the tumor site. We employ dual drugs, ZD6474, and epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) that inhibit EGFR2, VEGFR2, and Akt signaling pathways since changes in these signaling pathways confer tamoxifen resistance in MCF 7 and T-47D cells. Mesoporous silica gold cluster nanodrug delivery of ZD6474 and EGCG sensitize tamoxifen-resistant cells to apoptosis. Western and immune-histochemical analyses confirmed the apoptotic inducing properties of the nanoformulation. Overall, results with these silica gold nanoclusters suggest that they may be a potent nanoformulation against chemoresistant cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- B N Prashanth Kumar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Center for Cancer Research , University of Tennessee Health Science Center , Memphis , Tennessee 38163 , United States
| | - Nagaprasad Puvvada
- Chemical Biology , CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology , Uppal Road , Hyderabad 500007 , India
| | - Shashi Rajput
- Tumor Initiation and Maintenance , Sanford-Burnham Medical Research Institute , La Jolla , California 92037 , United States
| | - Siddik Sarkar
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics , VCU Institute of Molecular Genetics, VCU Massey Cancer, Virginia Commonwealth University, School of Medicine , Richmond , Virginia 23298 , United States
| | | | - Murali M Yallapu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Center for Cancer Research , University of Tennessee Health Science Center , Memphis , Tennessee 38163 , United States
| | | | - Luni Emdad
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics , VCU Institute of Molecular Genetics, VCU Massey Cancer, Virginia Commonwealth University, School of Medicine , Richmond , Virginia 23298 , United States
| | - Swadesh K Das
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics , VCU Institute of Molecular Genetics, VCU Massey Cancer, Virginia Commonwealth University, School of Medicine , Richmond , Virginia 23298 , United States
| | - Rui L Reis
- 3Bs Research Group , Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, University of Minho , Avepark - 4805-017 , Barco, Guimaraes, Portugal
| | - S C Kundu
- 3Bs Research Group , Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, University of Minho , Avepark - 4805-017 , Barco, Guimaraes, Portugal
| | - Paul B Fisher
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics , VCU Institute of Molecular Genetics, VCU Massey Cancer, Virginia Commonwealth University, School of Medicine , Richmond , Virginia 23298 , United States
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42
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Richard JLC, Eichhorn PJA. Deciphering the roles of lncRNAs in breast development and disease. Oncotarget 2018; 9:20179-20212. [PMID: 29732012 PMCID: PMC5929455 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.24591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2017] [Accepted: 02/21/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is the second leading cause of cancer related deaths in women. It is therefore important to understand the mechanisms underlying breast cancer development as well as raises the need for enhanced, non-invasive strategies for novel prognostic and diagnostic methods. The emergence of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) as potential key players in neoplastic disease has received considerable attention over the past few years. This relatively new class of molecular regulators has been shown from ongoing research to act as critical players for key biological processes. Deregulated expression levels of lncRNAs have been observed in a number of cancers including breast cancer. Furthermore, lncRNAs have been linked to breast cancer initiation, progression, metastases and to limit sensitivity to certain targeted therapeutics. In this review we provide an update on the lncRNAs associated with breast cancer and mammary gland development and illustrate the versatility of such lncRNAs in gene control, differentiation and development both in normal physiological conditions and in diseased states. We also highlight the therapeutic and diagnostic potential of lncRNAs in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- John Lalith Charles Richard
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, 117599, Singapore
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 117597, Singapore
- Current Address: Genome Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science Technology and Research, 138672, Singapore
| | - Pieter Johan Adam Eichhorn
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, 117599, Singapore
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 117597, Singapore
- School of Pharmacy, Curtin University, Perth, 6845, Australia
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43
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Lin C, Yang L. Long Noncoding RNA in Cancer: Wiring Signaling Circuitry. Trends Cell Biol 2018; 28:287-301. [PMID: 29274663 PMCID: PMC5869122 DOI: 10.1016/j.tcb.2017.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 372] [Impact Index Per Article: 62.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2017] [Revised: 11/27/2017] [Accepted: 11/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs), which are encoded by a vast less explored region of the human genome, may hold missing drivers of cancer and have gained attention recently as a potentially crucial layer of cancer cell regulation. lncRNAs are aberrantly expressed in a broad spectrum of cancers, and they play key roles in promoting and maintaining tumor initiation and progression, demonstrating their clinical potential as biomarkers and therapeutic targets. Recent discoveries have revealed that lncRNAs act as key signal transduction mediators in cancer signaling pathways by interacting with proteins, RNA, and lipids. Here, we review the mechanisms by which lncRNAs regulate cellular responses to extracellular signals and discuss their clinical potential as diagnostic indicators, stratification markers, and therapeutic targets of combinatorial treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunru Lin
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA; The Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
| | - Liuqing Yang
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA; The Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Center for RNA Interference and Non-Coding RNAs, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
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44
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Wang K, Li J, Xiong YF, Zeng Z, Zhang X, Li HY. A Potential Prognostic Long Noncoding RNA Signature to Predict Recurrence among ER-positive Breast Cancer Patients Treated with Tamoxifen. Sci Rep 2018; 8:3179. [PMID: 29453409 PMCID: PMC5816619 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-21581-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2017] [Accepted: 02/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Limited predictable long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) signature was reported in tamoxifen resistance among estrogen receptor (ER)-positive breast cancer (BC) patients. The aim of this study was to identify and assess prognostic lncRNA signature to predict recurrence among ER-positive BC patients treated with tamoxifen. Cohorts from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) (n = 298) and The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) (n = 160) were defined as training and validation cohort, respectively. BC relapse associated lnRNAs was identify within training cohort, and the predictable value of recurrence was assessed in both cohorts. A total of 11lncRNAs were recognized to be associated with relapse free survival (RFS) of ER-positive BC patients receiving tamoxifen, who were divided into low-risk and high-risk group on basis of relapse risk scores (RRS). Multivariate cox regression analyses revealed that the RRS is an independent prognostic biomarker in the prediction of ER-positive BC patients' survival. GSEA indicated that high-risk group was associated with several signaling pathways in processing of BC recurrence and metastasis such as PI3K-Akt and Wnt signaling. Our 11-lncRNA based classifier is a reliable prognostic and predictive tool for disease relapse in BC patients receiving tamoxifen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kang Wang
- Department of the Endocrine and Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Jie Li
- Department of the Endocrine and Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Yong-Fu Xiong
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Zhen Zeng
- Department of the Breast and Thyroid Surgery, The Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Chongqing, 400021, China
| | - Xiang Zhang
- Department of the Endocrine and Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China.
| | - Hong-Yuan Li
- Department of the Endocrine and Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China.
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45
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Wang J, Ye C, Xiong H, Shen Y, Lu Y, Zhou J, Wang L. Dysregulation of long non-coding RNA in breast cancer: an overview of mechanism and clinical implication. Oncotarget 2018; 8:5508-5522. [PMID: 27732939 PMCID: PMC5354927 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.12537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2016] [Accepted: 10/03/2016] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), which occupy nearly 98% of genome, have crucial roles in cancer development, including breast cancer. Breast cancer is a disease with high incidence. Despite of recent progress in understanding the molecular mechanisms and combined therapy strategies, the functions and mechanisms of lncRNAs in breast cancer remains unclear. This review presents the currently basic knowledge and research approaches of lncRNAs. We also highlight the latest advances of seven classic lncRNAs and three novel lncRNAs in breast cancer, elucidating their mechanisms and possible therapeutic targets. Additionally, association between lncRNA and specific molecular subtype of breast cancer is reported. Lastly, we briefly delineate the potential roles of lncRNAs in clinical applications as biomarkers and treatment targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Wang
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.,Biomedical Research Center and Key Laboratory of Biotherapy of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Chenyang Ye
- Cancer Institute (Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention & Intervention, National Ministry of Education), Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Hanchu Xiong
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.,Biomedical Research Center and Key Laboratory of Biotherapy of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yong Shen
- Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yi Lu
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.,Biomedical Research Center and Key Laboratory of Biotherapy of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jichun Zhou
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.,Biomedical Research Center and Key Laboratory of Biotherapy of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Linbo Wang
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.,Biomedical Research Center and Key Laboratory of Biotherapy of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
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46
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Weidle UH, Birzele F, Kollmorgen G, Rüger R. Long Non-coding RNAs and their Role in Metastasis. Cancer Genomics Proteomics 2018; 14:143-160. [PMID: 28446530 DOI: 10.21873/cgp.20027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 149] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2017] [Revised: 03/13/2017] [Accepted: 03/15/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The perception of long non-coding RNAs as chunk RNA and transcriptional noise has been steadily replaced by their role as validated targets for a diverse set of physiological processes in the past few years. However, for the vast majority of lncRNAs their precise mode of action and physiological function remain to be uncovered. A large body of evidence has revealed their essential role in all stages of cancirogenesis and metastasis. In this review we focus on the role of lncRNAs in metastasis. We grouped selected lncRNAs into three categories based on in vitro and in vivo mode of action-related studies and clinical relevance for metastasis. Grouped according to their mode of action, in category I we discuss lncRNAs such as CCAT2, DREH, LET, NKILA, treRNA, HOTAIR, H19, FENDRR, lincROR, MALAT, GClnc1, BCAR4, SCHLAP1 and lncRNA ATP, all lncRNAs with in vitro and in vivo metastasis-related data and clinical significance. In category II we discuss lncRNAs CCAT1, PCAT1, PTENgp1, GPLINC, MEG3, ZEB2-AS, LCT13, ANRIL, NBAT1 and lncTCF7 all characterized by their mode of action in vitro and clinical significance, but pending or preliminary in vivo data. Finally, under category III, we discuss lncRNAs BANCR, FRLnc1, SPRY4-IT1 and LIMT with partially or poorly-resolved mode of action and varying degree of validation in clinical metastasis. Finally we discuss metastasis-related translational aspects of lncRNAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ulrich H Weidle
- Roche Innovation Center Munich, Roche Diagnostics GmbH, Penzberg, Germany
| | - Fabian Birzele
- Roche Innovation Center Basel, F. Hofman La Roche, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Gwen Kollmorgen
- Roche Innovation Center Munich, Roche Diagnostics GmbH, Penzberg, Germany
| | - Rüdiger Rüger
- Roche Innovation Center Munich, Roche Diagnostics GmbH, Penzberg, Germany
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47
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Wang Y, Huang Y, Xiang P, Tian W. LncRNA expression and implication in osteosarcoma: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Onco Targets Ther 2017; 10:5355-5361. [PMID: 29184421 PMCID: PMC5687481 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s149889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Osteosarcoma is the most prevalent primary bone tumor in children, adolescents, and older adults, typically presenting with poor survival outcomes. In recent years, ample evidence has shown that many long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been aberrantly expressed in osteosarcoma, demonstrating their potential to serve as prognostic markers. In this study, we performed a meta-analysis on four lncRNAs (TUG1, UCA1, BCAR4, and HULC) to systematically evaluate their prognostic value in osteosarcoma. Materials and methods The eligible articles were systematically searched in PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, and Elsevier ScienceDirect (up to September 22, 2017), and one meta-analysis concerning the association between lncRNA expression and the overall survival (OS) of osteosarcoma patients was performed. Survival outcomes were analyzed by OS. Subgroup analyses were performed. Results A total of 1,361 patients with osteosarcoma and 12 lncRNAs from 16 articles were included in the study. Of the listed lncRNAs, the high expression of 10 lncRNAs indicated worse survival outcomes, while only two lncRNAs were shown to positively affect patients’ OS. Conclusion This meta-analysis indicated that the abnormally expressed lncRNAs might significantly affect the survival of osteosarcoma patients. Combined use of these lncRNAs may serve as potential novel biomarkers for the indication of clinical outcomes of osteosarcoma patients as well as the selection of adjuvant chemotherapy strategies for clinical treatment of this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Wang
- Department of Molecular Orthopaedics, Beijing Institute of Traumatology and Orthopaedics.,Department of Spinal Surgery, Beijing Jishuitan Hospital, The Fourth Clinical Medical College of Peking University
| | - Yuelong Huang
- Department of Spinal Surgery, Beijing Jishuitan Hospital, The Fourth Clinical Medical College of Peking University
| | - Peng Xiang
- Department of Urology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Tian
- Department of Spinal Surgery, Beijing Jishuitan Hospital, The Fourth Clinical Medical College of Peking University
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48
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Malhotra A, Jain M, Prakash H, Vasquez KM, Jain A. The regulatory roles of long non-coding RNAs in the development of chemoresistance in breast cancer. Oncotarget 2017; 8:110671-110684. [PMID: 29299178 PMCID: PMC5746413 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.22577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2017] [Accepted: 10/13/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Chemoresistance is one of the major hurdles in the treatment of breast cancer, which limits the effect of both targeted and conventional therapies in clinical settings. Therefore, understanding the mechanisms underpinning resistance is paramount for developing strategies to circumvent resistance in breast cancer patients. Several published reports have indicated that lncRNAs play a dynamic role in the regulation of both intrinsic and acquired chemoresistance through a variety of mechanisms that endow cells with a drug-resistant phenotype. Although a number of lncRNAs have been implicated in chemoresistance of breast cancer, their mechanistic roles have not been systematically reviewed. Thus, here we present a detailed review on the latest research findings and discoveries on the mechanisms of acquisition of chemoresistance in breast cancer related to lncRNAs, and how lncRNAs take part in various cancer signalling pathways involved in breast cancer cells. Knowledge obtained from this review could assist in the development of new strategies to avoid or reverse drug resistance in breast cancer chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akshay Malhotra
- Center for Biochemistry and Microbial Sciences, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, Punjab, India
| | - Manju Jain
- Center for Biochemistry and Microbial Sciences, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, Punjab, India
| | - Hridayesh Prakash
- Laboratory of Translational Medicine, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Gachibowli, Hyderabad, India
| | - Karen M Vasquez
- Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, The University of Texas at Austin, Dell Pediatric Research Institute, TX, USA
| | - Aklank Jain
- Center for Animal Sciences, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, Punjab, India
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49
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Ouyang S, Zheng X, Zhou X, Chen Z, Yang X, Xie M. LncRNA BCAR4 promotes colon cancer progression via activating Wnt/β-catenin signaling. Oncotarget 2017; 8:92815-92826. [PMID: 29190958 PMCID: PMC5696224 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.21590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2017] [Accepted: 09/04/2017] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BCAR4 (Breast Cancer Anti-Estrogen Resistance 4) is a long noncoding RNA that was identified as an oncogene in breast cancer. In our research, we found that the expression level of BCAR4 was upregulated in colon cancer tissues compared to paired normal tissues. What's more, higher BCAR4 expression was correlated with lower survival rate in patients with colon cancer. Mechanistically, we showed that BCAR4 activated Wnt/β-catenin signaling in colon cancer by protecting β-catenin from degradation. We also showed that BCAR4 overexpression promoted cell proliferation and migration in colon cancer. However, silencing BCAR4 inhibited cell growth and promoted apoptosis. Besides, BCAR4 knockdown decreased tumor growth in vivo. These findings indicate that BCAR4 facilitated colon cancer progression by enhancing cell proliferation and inhibiting apoptosis via BCAR4/β-catenin axis. BCAR4 may be a useful new target for treatment of patients with colon cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shurui Ouyang
- Gastrointestinal Department, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical College, Guizhou 563000, China
| | - Xinbin Zheng
- Gastrointestinal Department, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical College, Guizhou 563000, China
| | - Xin Zhou
- Gastrointestinal Department, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical College, Guizhou 563000, China
| | - Zhengquan Chen
- Gastrointestinal Department, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical College, Guizhou 563000, China
| | - Xuefeng Yang
- Gastrointestinal Department, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical College, Guizhou 563000, China
| | - Ming Xie
- Gastrointestinal Department, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical College, Guizhou 563000, China
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50
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Zhang K, Luo Z, Zhang Y, Song X, Zhang L, Wu L, Liu J. Long non-coding RNAs as novel biomarkers for breast cancer invasion and metastasis. Oncol Lett 2017; 14:1895-1904. [PMID: 28789424 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2017.6462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2015] [Accepted: 04/26/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) is now the most common malignancy worldwide, with high prevalence and lethality among women. Invasion and metastasis are the major reasons for breast cancer-associated mortality. However, the underlying mechanism of invasion and metastasis has not been entirely elucidated. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are a large class of non-coding transcripts that are >200 bases in length and cannot encode proteins. Evidence has indicated that lncRNAs regulate gene expression at the levels of epigenetic modification, transcription and post-transcription. In addition, they are involved in diverse tumor biological processes, including cell proliferation, apoptosis, invasion, metastasis and angiogenesis. The present review focuses on the recent progress of lncRNAs in breast cancer invasion and metastasis, aiming to provide novel strategies for the clinical prevention, diagnosis and treatment of breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaijiong Zhang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, P.R. China
| | - Zhenglian Luo
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, P.R. China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoyu Song
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Sichuan Cancer Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China
| | - Li Zhang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Sichuan Cancer Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China
| | - Lichun Wu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Sichuan Cancer Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China
| | - Jinbo Liu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, P.R. China
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