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Zhan X, Li J, Zhou T. Targeting Nrf2-Mediated Oxidative Stress Response Signaling Pathways as New Therapeutic Strategy for Pituitary Adenomas. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:565748. [PMID: 33841137 PMCID: PMC8024532 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.565748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2020] [Accepted: 02/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress and oxidative damage are the common pathophysiological characteristics in pituitary adenomas (PAs), which have been confirmed with many omics studies in PA tissues and cell/animal experimental studies. Nuclear factor erythroid 2 p45-related factor 2 (Nrf2), the core of oxidative stress response, is an oxidative stress sensor. Nrf2 is synthesized and regulated by multiple factors, including Keap1, ERK1/2, ERK5, JNK1/2, p38 MAPK, PKC, PI3K/AKT, and ER stress, in the cytoplasm. Under the oxidative stress status, Nrf2 quickly translocates from cytoplasm into the nucleus and binds to antioxidant response element /electrophile responsive element to initiate the expressions of antioxidant genes, phases I and II metabolizing enzymes, phase III detoxifying genes, chaperone/stress response genes, and ubiquitination/proteasomal degradation proteins. Many Nrf2 or Keap1 inhibitors have been reported as potential anticancer agents for different cancers. However, Nrf2 inhibitors have not been studied as potential anticancer agents for PAs. We recommend the emphasis on in-depth studies of Nrf2 signaling and potential therapeutic agents targeting Nrf2 signaling pathways as new therapeutic strategies for PAs. Also, the use of Nrf2 inhibitors targeting Nrf2 signaling in combination with ERK inhibitors plus p38 activators or JNK activators targeting MAPK signaling pathways, or drugs targeting mitochondrial dysfunction pathway might produce better anti-tumor effects on PAs. This perspective article reviews the advances in oxidative stress and Nrf2-mediated oxidative stress response signaling pathways in pituitary tumorigenesis, and the potential of targeting Nrf2 signaling pathways as a new therapeutic strategy for PAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianquan Zhan
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology, Cancer Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China.,Science and Technology Innovation Center, Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China.,Department of Oncology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Jiajia Li
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China.,Department of Thoracic Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Tian Zhou
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China.,Department of Thoracic Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
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Veeraraghavan VP, Hussain S, Papayya Balakrishna J, Dhawale L, Kullappan M, Mallavarapu Ambrose J, Krishna Mohan S. A Comprehensive and Critical Review on Ethnopharmacological Importance of Desert Truffles: Terfezia claveryi, Terfezia boudieri, and Tirmania nivea. FOOD REVIEWS INTERNATIONAL 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/87559129.2021.1889581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Vishnu Priya Veeraraghavan
- Department of Biochemistry, Saveetha Dental College, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Saveetha University, Chennai, India
| | - Sardar Hussain
- Department of Biotechnology, Government Science College, Chitradurga, India
| | | | - Lavina Dhawale
- Department of Biotechnology, Stellixir Biotech Private Ltd, Bangalore, India
| | - Malathi Kullappan
- Department of Research, Panimalar Medical College Hospital & Research Institute, Chennai, India
| | | | - Surapaneni Krishna Mohan
- Department of Biochemistry, Department of Clinical Skills & Simulation and Department of Research, Panimalar Medical College Hospital & Research Institute, Chennai, India
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Adelakun SA, Ukwenya VO, Ogunlade BS, A J, G A. Nitrite-induced testicular toxicity in rats: therapeutic potential of walnut oil. JBRA Assist Reprod 2019; 23:15-23. [PMID: 30106544 PMCID: PMC6364280 DOI: 10.5935/1518-0557.20180062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: To determine the impact of walnut oil on nitrite-induced testicular toxicity
in Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats. Available evidence suggests that walnut oil
contains high levels of important unsaturated fatty acids including
alpha-linolenic acid (ALA) and omega-3; nitrite is a reproductive toxicant
that causes the loss of germ cells in the seminiferous tubules and generates
oxidative stress in the testes, thus reducing sperm counts and affecting
sperm morphology. Methods: This study included 24 male and 24 female adult SD rats. The male rats
randomly assigned to Group A (controls) were given normal saline 2 ml/kg.
The rats in Groups B, C, and D were given 50mg/kg body weight (bwt) of
walnut oil, 0.08 mg/kg bwt of nitrite, and 0.08 mg/kg bwt of nitrite + 50
mg/kg of walnut oil respectively for 28 days via gastric gavage. Tested
parameters included: testicular histology, sperm parameters, reproductive
hormones, fertility, malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD),
reduced glutathione, and catalase (CAT). Results: A severe decrease in spermatogenic cell series, hypocellularity, tubular
atrophy, decreased sperm quality, and increased MDA levels were observed in
the rats given nitrite only when compared to controls. Rats given 50 mg/kg
of walnut oil had significant growth of seminiferous epithelium compared to
controls. The rats given walnut oil and nitrite had significant growth of
seminiferous epithelium, improved sperm quality, and had decreased MDA
levels. Conclusion: Walnut oil attenuated the deleterious effects of nitrite to the testes,
reduced oxidative stress, and promoted spermatogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunday A Adelakun
- Department of Human Anatomy, School of Health and Health Technology, Federal University of Technology, Akure, Nigeria.,Department of Anatomy, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomosho, Oyo State, Nigeria
| | - Victor O Ukwenya
- Department of Human Anatomy, School of Health and Health Technology, Federal University of Technology, Akure, Nigeria
| | - Babatunde S Ogunlade
- Department of Human Anatomy, School of Health and Health Technology, Federal University of Technology, Akure, Nigeria
| | - Julius A
- Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, University of Abuja, Federal Capital Territory (FCT), Nigeria
| | - Ayooluwa G
- Department of Anatomy College of Medicine, University of Lagos, Lagos, Nigeria
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Salahshoor MR, Haghjoo M, Roshankhah S, Makalani F, Jalili C. Effect of Thymoquinone on Reproductive Parameter in Morphine-treated Male Mice. Adv Biomed Res 2018; 7:18. [PMID: 29456989 PMCID: PMC5812093 DOI: 10.4103/abr.abr_69_17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Thymoquinone as the main active component of Nigella sativa might have a various pharmacological effects such as antiapoptotic and antioxidant. Morphine is commonly used for the treatment of severe pain that can increase the generation of free radicals and affects the spermatogenesis. This study was designed to evaluate protective effects of thymoquinone against morphine-induced damages, sperm viability, count, motility, morphology and testis histology, and nitric oxide and testosterone hormone of the mice. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this experimental study, we divided 48 mice into eight groups (n = 6); various doses of thymoquinone (2, 10, and 20 mg/kg) and morphine (20 mg/kg) plus thymoquinone (2, 10, and 20 mg/kg) were administered intraperitoneally to 48 male mice for 30 consequent days. Male reproductive parameters including testis weight, testosterone hormone, serum nitric oxide, germinal thickness, sperm morphology, count, viability, and motility were analyzed and compared. RESULTS The results indicated that morphine administration significantly decreased germinal thickness, testis weight, testosterone level, viability, morphology, count, and motility of sperm and increased nitric oxide as compared to saline group (P < 0.05). However, increasing the dose of thymoquinone in the thymoquinone and thymoquinone plus morphine groups significantly decreases nitric oxide level (P < 0.05) while significantly boosted motility, morphology, count, viability of sperm cells, germinal thickness, and testosterone hormone in all groups as compared to morphine group (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION It seems that thymoquinone administration could increase the quality some of spermatozoa and improves morphine-induced adverse effects on reproductive parameters in male mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Reza Salahshoor
- From the Department of Anatomical Sciences, Medical School, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Mojdeh Haghjoo
- From the Department of Anatomical Sciences, Medical School, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Shiva Roshankhah
- From the Department of Anatomical Sciences, Medical School, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Makalani
- From the Department of Anatomical Sciences, Medical School, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Cyrus Jalili
- From the Department of Anatomical Sciences, Medical School, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
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Karimi Jashni H, Kargar Jahromi H, Ranjbary AG, Kargar Jahromi Z, Khabbaz Kherameh Z. Effects of aqueous extract from Asparagus officinalis L. roots on hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis hormone levels and the number of ovarian follicles in adult rats. Int J Reprod Biomed 2016. [DOI: 10.29252/ijrm.14.2.75] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022] Open
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Oyeyipo IP, Raji Y, Bolarinwa AF. Nitric oxide synthase inhibition ameliorates nicotine-induced sperm function decline in male rats. ASIAN PACIFIC JOURNAL OF REPRODUCTION 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.apjr.2015.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
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Zhan X, Wang X, Long Y, Desiderio DM. Heterogeneity analysis of the proteomes in clinically nonfunctional pituitary adenomas. BMC Med Genomics 2014; 7:69. [PMID: 25539738 PMCID: PMC4302698 DOI: 10.1186/s12920-014-0069-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2014] [Accepted: 12/11/2014] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Clinically nonfunctional pituitary adenomas (NFPAs) without any clinical elevation of hormone and with a difficulty in its early-stage diagnosis are highly heterogeneous with different hormone expressions in NFPA tissues, including luteinizing hormone (LH)-positive, follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)-positive, LH/FSH-positive, and negative (NF). Elucidation of molecular mechanisms and discovery of biomarkers common and specific to those different subtypes of NFPAs will benefit NFPA patients in early-stage diagnosis and individualized treatment. Methods Two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2DGE) and PDQuest image analyses were used to compare proteomes of different NFPA subtypes (NF-, LH-, FSH-, and LH/FSH-positive) relative to control pituitaries (Con). Differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) were characterized with mass spectrometry (MS). Each set of DEPs in four NFPA subtypes was evaluated with overlap analysis and signaling pathway network analysis with comparison to determine any DEP and pathway network that are common and specific to each NFPA subtype. Results A total of 93 differential protein-spots were determined with comparison of each NFPA type (NF-, LH-, FSH-, and LH/FSH-positive) versus control pituitaries. A total of 76 protein-spots were MS-identified (59 DEPs in NF vs. Con; 65 DEPs in LH vs. Con; 63 DEPs in FSH vs. Con; and 55 DEPs in LH/FSH vs. Con). A set of DEPs and pathway network data were common and specific to each NFPA subtype. Four important common pathway systems included MAPK-signaling abnormality, oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, and cell-cycle dysregulation. However, these pathway systems were, in fact, different among four NFPA subtypes with different protein-expression levels of most of nodes, different protein profiles, and different pathway network profiles. Conclusions These result data demonstrate that common and specific DEPs and pathway networks exist in four NFPA subtypes, and clarify proteome heterogeneity of four NFPA subtypes. Those findings will help to elucidate molecular mechanisms of NFPAs, and discover protein biomarkers to effectively manage NFPA patients towards personalized medicine. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12920-014-0069-6) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Zhan X, Wang X, Desiderio DM. Pituitary adenoma nitroproteomics: current status and perspectives. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2013; 2013:580710. [PMID: 23533694 PMCID: PMC3606787 DOI: 10.1155/2013/580710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2012] [Accepted: 01/14/2013] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Oxidative stress is extensively associated with tumorigenesis. A series of studies on stable tyrosine nitration as a marker of oxidative damage were performed in human pituitary and adenoma. This paper reviews published research on the mass spectrometry characteristics of nitropeptides and nitroproteomics of pituitary controls and adenomas. The methodology used for nitroproteomics, the current status of human pituitary nitroproteomics studies, and the future perspectives are reviewed. Enrichment of those low-abundance endogenous nitroproteins from human tissues or body fluid samples is the first important step for nitroproteomics studies. Mass spectrometry is the essential approach to determine the amino acid sequence and locate the nitrotyrosine sites. Bioinformatics analyses, including protein domain and motif analyses, are needed to locate the nitrotyrosine site within the corresponding protein domains/motifs. Systems biology techniques, including pathway analysis, are necessary to discover signaling pathway networks involving nitroproteins from the systematically global point of view. Future quantitative nitroproteomics will discover pituitary adenoma-specific nitroprotein(s). Structural biology techniques such as X-ray crystallography analysis will solidly clarify the effects of tyrosine nitration on structure and functions of a protein. Those studies will eventually address the mechanisms and biological functions of tyrosine nitration in pituitary tumorigenesis and will discover nitroprotein biomarkers for pituitary adenomas and targets for drug design for pituitary adenoma therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianquan Zhan
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Proteomics of Chinese Ministry of Health, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China.
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Grey CL, Chang JP. Ghrelin-induced growth hormone release from goldfish pituitary cells is nitric oxide dependent. Gen Comp Endocrinol 2012; 179:152-8. [PMID: 22935824 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2012.08.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2012] [Revised: 07/31/2012] [Accepted: 08/10/2012] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Ghrelin (GRLN) is an important neuroendocrine regulator of growth hormone (GH) release in vertebrates. Previous studies show goldfish (g)GRLN(19)-induced GH from the goldfish pituitary involves voltage sensitive Ca(2+) channels, increases in intracellular Ca(2+) and the PKC signalling pathway. We set out to examine the role of the nitric oxide (NO) pathway in gGLRN(19)-induced GH release from primary cultures of goldfish pituitary cells using pharmacological regulators in cell column perifusion systems. The NO scavenger PTIO abolished gGRLN(19)-induced GH release and co-treatment with the NO donor SNP and GRLN did not produce additive GH release responses. Nitric oxide synthase (NOS) inhibitors 1400 W and 7-Ni abolished GRLN-induced GH release while treatment with another NOS inhibitor, AGH, had no significant effect. Taken together, these results demonstrate that the NOS/NO is an integral component of gGRLN(19)-induced signalling within the goldfish pituitary cells, and given the relative specificity of AGH for inducible NOS and endothelial NOS isoforms, suggests that neuronal NOS is the likely NOS isoform utilized in goldfish somatotropes by this physiological regulator.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caleb L Grey
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada T6G 2E9
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Meints AN, Pemberton JG, Chang JP. Nitric oxide and guanylate cyclase signalling are differentially involved in gonadotrophin (LH) release responses to two endogenous GnRHs from goldfish pituitary cells. J Neuroendocrinol 2012; 24:1166-81. [PMID: 22487215 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2826.2012.02323.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Nitric oxide synthase (NOS) immunoreactivity is present in goldfish gonadotrophs. The present study investigated whether two native goldfish gonadotrophin-releasing hormones (GnRHs), salmon (s)GnRH and chicken (c)GnRH-II, use NOS/nitric oxide (NO) and soluble guanylate cyclase (sGC)/cyclic (c)GMP/protein kinase G (PKG) signalling to stimulate maturational gonadotrophin [teleost gonadotrophin-II, luteinising hormone (LH)] release. In cell column perifusion experiments with dispersed goldfish pituitary cells, the application of three NOS inhibitors (aminoguanidine hemisulphate, 1400W and 7-nitroindazole) and two NO scavengers [2-phenyl-4,4,5,5-tetramethylimidazoline-1-oxyl-3-oxide (PTIO) and rutin hydrate] reduced sGnRH-elicited, but not cGnRH-II-induced, LH increases. The NO donor sodium nitroprusside (SNP) increased NO production in goldfish pituitary cells in static incubation. SNP-stimulated LH release in column perifusion was attenuated by PTIO and the sGC inhibitor 1H-(1,2,4)oxadiazolo[4,3-a]quinoxalin-1-oneon (ODQ), and additive to responses elicited by cGnRH-II, but not sGnRH. ODQ and the PKG inhibitor KT5823 decreased sGnRH- and cGnRH-II-stimulated LH release. Similarly, the LH response to dibutyryl cGMP was reduced by KT5823. These results indicate that, although only sGnRH uses the NOS/NO pathway to stimulate LH release, both GnRHs utilise sGC/PKG to increase LH secretion.
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Affiliation(s)
- A N Meints
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
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Zhan X, Desiderio DM. Signaling pathway networks mined from human pituitary adenoma proteomics data. BMC Med Genomics 2010; 3:13. [PMID: 20426862 PMCID: PMC2884164 DOI: 10.1186/1755-8794-3-13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2009] [Accepted: 04/28/2010] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background We obtained a series of pituitary adenoma proteomic expression data, including protein-mapping data (111 proteins), comparative proteomic data (56 differentially expressed proteins), and nitroproteomic data (17 nitroproteins). There is a pressing need to clarify the significant signaling pathway networks that derive from those proteins in order to clarify and to better understand the molecular basis of pituitary adenoma pathogenesis and to discover biomarkers. Here, we describe the significant signaling pathway networks that were mined from human pituitary adenoma proteomic data with the Ingenuity pathway analysis system. Methods The Ingenuity pathway analysis system was used to analyze signal pathway networks and canonical pathways from protein-mapping data, comparative proteomic data, adenoma nitroproteomic data, and control nitroproteomic data. A Fisher's exact test was used to test the statistical significance with a significance level of 0.05. Statistical significant results were rationalized within the pituitary adenoma biological system with literature-based bioinformatics analyses. Results For the protein-mapping data, the top pathway networks were related to cancer, cell death, and lipid metabolism; the top canonical toxicity pathways included acute-phase response, oxidative-stress response, oxidative stress, and cell-cycle G2/M transition regulation. For the comparative proteomic data, top pathway networks were related to cancer, endocrine system development and function, and lipid metabolism; the top canonical toxicity pathways included mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative phosphorylation, oxidative-stress response, and ERK/MAPK signaling. The nitroproteomic data from a pituitary adenoma were related to cancer, cell death, lipid metabolism, and reproductive system disease, and the top canonical toxicity pathways mainly related to p38 MAPK signaling and cell-cycle G2/M transition regulation. Nitroproteins from a pituitary control related to gene expression and cellular development, and no canonical toxicity pathways were identified. Conclusions This pathway network analysis demonstrated that mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress, cell-cycle dysregulation, and the MAPK-signaling abnormality are significantly associated with a pituitary adenoma. These pathway-network data provide new insights into the molecular mechanisms of human pituitary adenoma pathogenesis, and new clues for an in-depth investigation of pituitary adenoma and biomarker discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianquan Zhan
- University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, USA.
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Zhan X, Desiderio DM. Mass spectrometric identification of in vivo nitrotyrosine sites in the human pituitary tumor proteome. Methods Mol Biol 2009; 566:137-63. [PMID: 20058170 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-59745-562-6_10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
The chemically stable tyrosine nitration of a protein involves the addition of a nitro group (-NO(2)) to the phenolic ring of a tyrosine residue, which may be associated with nervous system physiological and pathological processes. Identification of nitrotyrosine sites on a protein could clarify the functional significance of the modification. Due to the rarity of nitrotyrosine sites in a proteome, tandem mass spectrometry, coupled with different techniques that isolate and enrich nitrotyrosine-containing proteins from a pituitary proteome, is currently the most effective method for site identification. Commercially available nitrotyrosine polyclonal/monoclonal antibodies enable one to detect nitrotyrosine-containing proteins in a two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2DGE) map, and to preferentially enrich nitrotyrosine-containing proteins with immunoprecipitation. Our present protocols have integrated different isolation/enrichment techniques (2DGE; Western blots; nitrotyrosine immunoaffinity precipitation) and two different tandem mass spectrometry methods (MALDI-MS/MS; ESI-MS/MS) to determine the amino acid sequence of nitrotyrosine-containing peptides that derive from nitrated proteins. Bioinformatics tools are then used to correlate nitrotyrosine sites with a functional domain/motif in order to understand the relationship between tyrosine nitration and the structural/functions of proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianquan Zhan
- Department of Neurology, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA.
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Zhan X, Desiderio DM. Nitroproteins from a human pituitary adenoma tissue discovered with a nitrotyrosine affinity column and tandem mass spectrometry. Anal Biochem 2006; 354:279-89. [PMID: 16777052 DOI: 10.1016/j.ab.2006.05.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2006] [Revised: 04/21/2006] [Accepted: 05/18/2006] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to characterize endogenous nitroproteins, and those proteins that interact with nitroproteins, in a human pituitary nonfunctional adenoma so as to clarify the role of protein nitration in adenomas. A nitrotyrosine affinity column (NTAC) was used to preferentially enrich and isolate endogenous nitroproteins and nitroprotein-protein complexes from a tissue homogenate that was prepared from a human pituitary nonfunctional pituitary adenoma. The preferentially enriched endogenous nitroproteins and nitroprotein-protein complexes were subjected to trypsin digestion, desalination, and tandem mass spectrometry analysis. Nine nitroproteins (Rho-GTPase-activing protein 5, leukocyte immunoglobulin-like receptor subfamily A member 4 precursor, zinc finger protein 432, cAMP-dependent protein kinase type I-beta regulatory subunit, sphingosine-1-phosphate lyase 1, centaurin beta 1, proteasome subunit alpha type 2, interleukin 1 family member 6, and rhophilin 2) and three proteins (interleukin 1 receptor-associated kinase-like 2, glutamate receptor-interacting protein 2, and ubiquitin) that interacted with nitroproteins were discovered. The nitration site of each nitroprotein was located onto the functional domain where nitration occurred, and each nitroprotein was related to a corresponding functional system. Those data indicate that protein nitration might be an important molecular event in the formation of a human pituitary nonfunctional adenoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianquan Zhan
- Charles B. Stout Neuroscience Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN 38163, USA.
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Lafuente A, Cabaleiro T, Cano P, Esquifino AI. Toxic effects of methoxychlor on the episodic prolactin secretory pattern: possible mediated effects of nitric oxide production. J Circadian Rhythms 2006; 4:3. [PMID: 16515688 PMCID: PMC1450319 DOI: 10.1186/1740-3391-4-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2005] [Accepted: 03/03/2006] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This work addresses the issue of whether methoxychlor (MTX) exposure may modify the ultradian secretion of prolactin through changes in the synthesis of nitric oxide (NO) induced by Nomega-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME) in the hypothalamic-pituitary axis. Associated changes in dopamine (DA) content in the anterior (AH), mediobasal (MBH) and posterior hypothalamus (PH) and median eminence (ME) were evaluated. METHODS Two groups of animals (MTX and MTX+L-NAME treated) received subcutaneous (sc) injections of MTX at a dose of 25 mg/kg/day for one month. The other two groups of animals (control and L-NAME treated) received sc vehicle injections (0.5 mL/day of sesame oil), during the same period of time to be used as controls. Forty hours before the day of the experiment, animals were anaesthetized with intrapritoneal injections of 2.5% tribromoethanol in saline and atrial cannulas were implanted through the external jugular vein. Plasma was continuously extracted in Hamilton syringes coupled to a peristaltic bomb in tubes containing phosphate-gelatine buffer (to increase viscosity). The plasma was obtained by decantation and kept every 7 minutes for the measurement of plasma prolactin levels through a specific radioimmnunoassay and DA concentration by high-pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC). RESULTS Prolactin release in animals from all experimental groups analyzed was episodic. Mean plasma prolactin levels during the bleeding period, and the absolute pulse amplitude were increased after MTX or Nomega-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME) administration. However MTX and L-NAME did not modify any other parameter studied with the exception of relative pulse amplitude in MTX treated rats. L-NAME administration to rats treated with the pesticide reduced mean plasma prolactin levels and the absolute amplitude of prolactin peaks. Peak duration, frequency and relative amplitude of prolactin peaks were not changed in the group of rats treated with MTX plus L-NAME as compared to either control or MTX treated rats. Whereas MTX decreased DA content in the ME and increased it in the AH, its content did not change in the MBH or PH, as compared to the values found in controls. Also, L-NAME administration decreased DA content in the ME as compared to controls. However, L- NAME administration to MTX exposed rats, markedly increased DA content in the ME as compared to either MTX treated or control rats. L-NAME administration increased DA content in the AH as compared to the values found in non-treated rats. However L-NAME administration to MTX exposed rats did not modify DA content as compared to either MTX treated or control rats. L-NAME administration did not modify DA content at the MBH nor in saline treated nor in MTX treated rats. However, the values of DA in the MBH in MTX plus L-NAME treated animals were statistically decreased as compared to L-NAME treated rats. In the PH, L-NAME administration increased DA content as compared to the values found in non-treated animals. L-NAME administration to MTX exposed rats also increased DA content as compared to either MTX treated or control rats. CONCLUSION The results suggest the existence of an interaction between MTX and L-NAME in the modulation of the ultradian prolactin secretion at the pituitary levels. The possibility of an indirect effect mediated by changes in DA content at the ME requires further examination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anunciación Lafuente
- Laboratorio de Toxicología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Vigo, Campus de Orense, Las Lagunas, 32004 Orense, Spain
| | - Teresa Cabaleiro
- Laboratorio de Toxicología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Vigo, Campus de Orense, Las Lagunas, 32004 Orense, Spain
| | - Pilar Cano
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular III, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Complutense, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana I Esquifino
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular III, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Complutense, 28040 Madrid, Spain
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Rubinek T, Rubinfeld H, Hadani M, Barkai G, Shimon I. Nitric oxide stimulates growth hormone secretion from human fetal pituitaries and cultured pituitary adenomas. Endocrine 2005; 28:209-16. [PMID: 16388095 DOI: 10.1385/endo:28:2:209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2005] [Revised: 09/06/2005] [Accepted: 09/06/2005] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Nitric oxide (NO), a highly reactive free radical, has been identified as a neurotransmitter in the central and peripheral nervous system. NO synthase (NOS) is the enzyme responsible for NO production from L-arginine and plays an important role in regulating the release of several hypothalamic peptides. In the pituitary, NO was found to increase growth hormone (GH) secretion in several in vitro and in vivomodels. However, its role in human GH regulation is unknown. The aim of this study was to investigate the regulatory effects of NO on human GH and prolactin secretion using primary cell cultures of human fetal pituitaries and cultured hormone-secreting adenomas. Incubation of the human fetal pituitaries (21-24 wk gestation) in the presence of sodium nitroprusside (SNP; 1 mM), a NO donor, for 4 h resulted in a 50-75% increase in GH secretion, similar to the stimulatory effect evoked by growth hormone-releasing hormone (GHRH) (10 nM). However, fetal PRL secretion was not affected by SNP. GH release was also stimulated (40-70% increase) by SNP in 60% of the cultured GH-secreting adenomas studied. SNP-induced GH release was inhibited in both fetal and adenomatous cells by PTI0, a NO scavenger. The addition of cGMP (0.1-1 mM), the second messenger of multiple NO actions, enhanced fetal and adenomatous GH secretion by 55-95%. Neuronal NOS (nNOS) was expressed in normal (fetal and adult) human pituitary tissues and in GH-secreting adenomas. Examination of its functional expression using L-arginine (1 microM) yielded a 35% increase in GH release from cultured GH-secreting adenoma. This response was blocked by a NOS inhibitor with high selectivity for the neuronal enzyme and by a guanylyl cyclase inhibitor. In conclusion, NO stimulates human GH in cultured fetal pituitaries and GH-secreting adenomas. Cyclic GMP is probably involved in this hormonal regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tami Rubinek
- Institute of Endocrinology, Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, 52621, Israel
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Zhan X, Desiderio DM. The human pituitary nitroproteome: detection of nitrotyrosyl-proteins with two-dimensional Western blotting, and amino acid sequence determination with mass spectrometry. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2004; 325:1180-6. [PMID: 15555551 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2004.10.169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2004] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Nitric oxide is an important mediator that participates in reduction-oxidation (redox) mechanisms and in cellular signal transduction pathways. Two types of post-translational modifications are induced by nitric oxide: S-nitrosylation of cysteine residues and nitration of tyrosine residues. Two-dimensional gel electrophoresis-based Western blotting was used to detect, and liquid chromatography (LC)-tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) to determine the amino acid sequence of, several different nitrated proteins in the human pituitary. Proteins from several 2D gel spots, which corresponded to the strongly positive anti-nitrotyrosine Western blot spots, were subjected to in-gel trypsin-digestion and LC-MS/MS analysis. MS/MS, SEQUEST analysis, and de novo sequencing were used to determine the nitration site of each nitrated peptide. A total of four different nitrated peptides were characterized and were matched to four different proteins: synaptosomal-associated protein, actin, immunoglobulin alpha Fc receptor, and cGMP-dependent protein kinase 2. Those nitrotyrosyl-proteins participate in neurotransmission, cellular immunity, and cellular structure and mobility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianquan Zhan
- Charles B. Stout Neuroscience Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, 847 Monroe Avenue, Room 117, Memphis, TN 38163, USA
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Lafuente A, González-Carracedo A, Romero A, Cano P, Esquifino AI. Effect of nitric oxide on prolactin secretion and hypothalamic biogenic amine contents. Life Sci 2004; 74:1681-90. [PMID: 14738911 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2003.09.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Involvement of nitric oxide (NO) in the episodic secretion of prolactin was studied in conscious freely moving adult rats. Prolactin secretion was pulsatile in all animals of either group during the bleeding period (from 10:30 h to 13:30 h). Administration of N(omega)-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME), a NO synthase inhibitor, increased mean plasma levels of prolactin, and the absolute amplitude of prolactin peaks during the whole bleeding period as compared to values found in the control group. L-NAME increased norepinephrine (170%), dopamine (58.27%) and serotonin contents (30%) in the anterior hypothalamus. In the median eminence, dopamine and serotonin contents decreased (19.79% and 33.9% respectively) after L-NAME as compared to the values found in controls. In addition, norepinephrine content increased in mediobasal hypothalamus (79.6%) of rats treated with L-NAME. The results indicate that changes in NO production may modify the episodic secretion of prolactin. These effects were associated with changes in hypothalamic and median eminence biogenic amines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anunciación Lafuente
- Laboratorio de Toxicología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Vigo, Campus de Orense, Las Lagunas, 32004 Orense, Spain.
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