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Alvi MA, Ali RMA, Khan S, Saqib M, Qamar W, Li L, Fu BQ, Yan HB, Jia WZ. Past and Present of Diagnosis of Echinococcosis: A Review (1999-2021). Acta Trop 2023; 243:106925. [PMID: 37080264 DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2023.106925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Revised: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/08/2023] [Indexed: 04/22/2023]
Abstract
The larval forms of taeniid cestodes belonging to the genus Echinococcus are the source of the zoonotic infection known as echinococcosis. Alveolar and cystic echinococcosis are caused by Echinococcus multilocularis and Echinococcus granulosus (s. s) respectively. It is endemic in several regions of the world. In this systematic review, we describe diagnosis, and the species (human, canids, livestock, and small rodents) affected by cystic (CE) and alveolar echinococcosis (AE). From 1999 to 2021, we searched the online directory through PubMed, SCOPUS, Web of Science, and google scholar. Among the 37,700 records found in the online databases, 187 publications met our eligibility requirements. The majority of investigations employed a range of diagnostic methods, such as ELISA, imaging, copro-PCR, necropsy or arecoline hydrobromide purgation, morphological cestode confirmation, and fecal sieving/flotation to detect and confirm Echinococcus infection. ELISA was the most commonly used method followed by PCR, and imaging. The research team retrieved data describing the incidence or assessment of the diagnostic test for E. multilocularis in humans (N = 99), canids (N = 63), small ruminants (N = 13), large ruminants (N= 3), camel (N= 2), pigs (N=2) and small mammals (N= 5). This study was conducted to explore the diagnostic tools applied to detect echinococcosis in humans as well as animals in prevalent countries, and to report the characteristic of new diagnostic tests for disease surveillance. This systematic review revealed that ELISA (alone or in combination) was the most common method used for disease diagnosis and diagnostic efficacy and prevalence rate increased when recombinant antigens were used. It is highly recommended to use combination protcols such as serological with molecular and imaging technique to diagnose disease. Our study identified scarcity of data of reporting echinococcosis in humans/ animals in low-income or developing countries particularly central Asian countries. Study reports in small rodents indicate their role in disease dissemination but real situation in these host is not refected due to limited number of studies. Even though echinococcosis affects both public health and the domestic animal sector, therefore, it is important to devise new and strengthe implementation of the existing monitoring, judging, and control measures in this estimate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mughees Aizaz Alvi
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Lanzhou University, National Para-reference Laboratory for Animal Echinococcosis, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, China; Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Rana Muhammad Athar Ali
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Sadiq Khan
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Saqib
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Warda Qamar
- Department of Parasitology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Li Li
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Lanzhou University, National Para-reference Laboratory for Animal Echinococcosis, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, China
| | - Bao-Quan Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Lanzhou University, National Para-reference Laboratory for Animal Echinococcosis, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, China
| | - Hong-Bin Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Lanzhou University, National Para-reference Laboratory for Animal Echinococcosis, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, China.
| | - Wan-Zhong Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Lanzhou University, National Para-reference Laboratory for Animal Echinococcosis, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, China; Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, China.
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Zöller G, Dellmann C, Rodepeter F, Görg C, Metzelder S. [Alveolar echinococcosis (fox tapeworm)-a surprising diagnosis in a patient with epididymal tumor]. Urologe A 2022; 61:657-659. [PMID: 35171299 DOI: 10.1007/s00120-022-01775-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Alveolar ecchinococcosis, caused by the fox tapeworm (echinococcosus multilocularis), is in principle a lethal illness. We report on a 31-year-old man presenting with an unclear epididymal tumor, in whom further examinations revealed multiple and extended partially cystic, partially solid intra-abdominal tumors. Diagnosis was achieved histologically by percutaneous biopsy of a spleen lesion and serologically. As a surgical resection of the lesions was not feasible, therapy with albendazol was initiated.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Zöller
- Klinik für Urologie und Kinderurologie, Klinikum Bad Hersfeld, Seilerweg 29, 36251, Bad Hersfeld, Deutschland.
| | - C Dellmann
- Klinik für Hämatologie, Onkologie und Immunologie, Universitätsklinikum Marburg und Philipps-Universität Marburg, Marburg, Deutschland
| | - F Rodepeter
- Institut für Pathologie, Universitätsklinikum Marburg und Philipps-Universität Marburg, Marburg, Deutschland
| | - C Görg
- Interdisziplinäres Ultraschallzentrum, Universitätsklinikum Marburg und Philipps-Universität Marburg, Marburg, Deutschland
| | - S Metzelder
- Klinik für Hämatologie, Onkologie und Immunologie, Universitätsklinikum Marburg und Philipps-Universität Marburg, Marburg, Deutschland.,Klinik für Hämatologie und Onkologie, Palliativmedizin, Klinikum Bad Hersfeld, Bad Hersfeld, Deutschland
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Zalaquett E, Menias C, Garrido F, Vargas M, Olivares JF, Campos D, Pinochet N, Luna A, Dahiya N, Huete Á. Imaging of Hydatid Disease with a Focus on Extrahepatic Involvement. Radiographics 2017; 37:901-923. [DOI: 10.1148/rg.2017160172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Eugenio Zalaquett
- From the Department of Radiology, Complejo Asistencial Doctor Sótero del Río, Santiago, Chile (E.Z.); Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, Ariz (C.M., N.D.); Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Marcoleta 367, 2nd Floor, Santiago 8330024, Chile (F.G., M.V., J.F.O., D.C., N.P., A.H.); and Health Time, Jaén, Spain (A.L.)
| | - Christine Menias
- From the Department of Radiology, Complejo Asistencial Doctor Sótero del Río, Santiago, Chile (E.Z.); Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, Ariz (C.M., N.D.); Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Marcoleta 367, 2nd Floor, Santiago 8330024, Chile (F.G., M.V., J.F.O., D.C., N.P., A.H.); and Health Time, Jaén, Spain (A.L.)
| | - Francisco Garrido
- From the Department of Radiology, Complejo Asistencial Doctor Sótero del Río, Santiago, Chile (E.Z.); Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, Ariz (C.M., N.D.); Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Marcoleta 367, 2nd Floor, Santiago 8330024, Chile (F.G., M.V., J.F.O., D.C., N.P., A.H.); and Health Time, Jaén, Spain (A.L.)
| | - Matías Vargas
- From the Department of Radiology, Complejo Asistencial Doctor Sótero del Río, Santiago, Chile (E.Z.); Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, Ariz (C.M., N.D.); Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Marcoleta 367, 2nd Floor, Santiago 8330024, Chile (F.G., M.V., J.F.O., D.C., N.P., A.H.); and Health Time, Jaén, Spain (A.L.)
| | - José Francisco Olivares
- From the Department of Radiology, Complejo Asistencial Doctor Sótero del Río, Santiago, Chile (E.Z.); Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, Ariz (C.M., N.D.); Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Marcoleta 367, 2nd Floor, Santiago 8330024, Chile (F.G., M.V., J.F.O., D.C., N.P., A.H.); and Health Time, Jaén, Spain (A.L.)
| | - Daniel Campos
- From the Department of Radiology, Complejo Asistencial Doctor Sótero del Río, Santiago, Chile (E.Z.); Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, Ariz (C.M., N.D.); Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Marcoleta 367, 2nd Floor, Santiago 8330024, Chile (F.G., M.V., J.F.O., D.C., N.P., A.H.); and Health Time, Jaén, Spain (A.L.)
| | - Natalia Pinochet
- From the Department of Radiology, Complejo Asistencial Doctor Sótero del Río, Santiago, Chile (E.Z.); Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, Ariz (C.M., N.D.); Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Marcoleta 367, 2nd Floor, Santiago 8330024, Chile (F.G., M.V., J.F.O., D.C., N.P., A.H.); and Health Time, Jaén, Spain (A.L.)
| | - Antonio Luna
- From the Department of Radiology, Complejo Asistencial Doctor Sótero del Río, Santiago, Chile (E.Z.); Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, Ariz (C.M., N.D.); Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Marcoleta 367, 2nd Floor, Santiago 8330024, Chile (F.G., M.V., J.F.O., D.C., N.P., A.H.); and Health Time, Jaén, Spain (A.L.)
| | - Nirvikar Dahiya
- From the Department of Radiology, Complejo Asistencial Doctor Sótero del Río, Santiago, Chile (E.Z.); Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, Ariz (C.M., N.D.); Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Marcoleta 367, 2nd Floor, Santiago 8330024, Chile (F.G., M.V., J.F.O., D.C., N.P., A.H.); and Health Time, Jaén, Spain (A.L.)
| | - Álvaro Huete
- From the Department of Radiology, Complejo Asistencial Doctor Sótero del Río, Santiago, Chile (E.Z.); Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, Ariz (C.M., N.D.); Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Marcoleta 367, 2nd Floor, Santiago 8330024, Chile (F.G., M.V., J.F.O., D.C., N.P., A.H.); and Health Time, Jaén, Spain (A.L.)
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