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Caputo Barucchi V, Marconi M, Splendiani A, Casari S, Girardi M, Gandolfi A. Mitochondrial DNA suggests uniqueness of an isolated population of the Italian minnow ( Phoxinus lumaireul Schinz, 1840) (Teleostei: Cyprinidae) in central Apennines (Italy). THE EUROPEAN ZOOLOGICAL JOURNAL 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/24750263.2022.2079738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- V. Caputo Barucchi
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e dell’Ambiente, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - M. Marconi
- Dipartimento di Bioscienze e Medicina Veterinaria, Università di Camerino, Camerino (MC), Italy
| | - A. Splendiani
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e dell’Ambiente, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - S. Casari
- Conservation Genomics Research Unit, Research and Innovation Centre - Fondazione Edmund Mach, San Michele a/Adige (TN), Italy
| | - M. Girardi
- Conservation Genomics Research Unit, Research and Innovation Centre - Fondazione Edmund Mach, San Michele a/Adige (TN), Italy
| | - A. Gandolfi
- Conservation Genomics Research Unit, Research and Innovation Centre - Fondazione Edmund Mach, San Michele a/Adige (TN), Italy
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2
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Gaffaroglu M, Majtánová Z, Symonová R, Pelikánová Š, Unal S, Lajbner Z, Ráb P. Present and Future Salmonid Cytogenetics. Genes (Basel) 2020; 11:E1462. [PMID: 33291343 PMCID: PMC7762217 DOI: 10.3390/genes11121462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2020] [Revised: 11/30/2020] [Accepted: 12/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Salmonids are extremely important economically and scientifically; therefore, dynamic developments in their research have occurred and will continue occurring in the future. At the same time, their complex phylogeny and taxonomy are challenging for traditional approaches in research. Here, we first provide discoveries regarding the hitherto completely unknown cytogenetic characteristics of the Anatolian endemic flathead trout, Salmo platycephalus, and summarize the presently known, albeit highly complicated, situation in the genus Salmo. Secondly, by outlining future directions of salmonid cytogenomics, we have produced a prototypical virtual karyotype of Salmo trutta, the closest relative of S. platycephalus. This production is now possible thanks to the high-quality genome assembled to the chromosome level in S. trutta via soft-masking, including a direct labelling of repetitive sequences along the chromosome sequence. Repetitive sequences were crucial for traditional fish cytogenetics and hence should also be utilized in fish cytogenomics. As such virtual karyotypes become increasingly available in the very near future, it is necessary to integrate both present and future approaches to maximize their respective benefits. Finally, we show how the presumably repetitive sequences in salmonids can change the understanding of the overall relationship between genome size and G+C content, creating another outstanding question in salmonid cytogenomics waiting to be resolved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammet Gaffaroglu
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science, University of Ahi Evran, Kirsehir 40200, Turkey;
| | - Zuzana Majtánová
- Laboratory of Fish Genetics, Institute of Animal Physiology and Genetics, Czech Academy of Sciences, 27721 Liběchov, Czech Republic; (Z.M.); (Š.P.); (P.R.)
| | - Radka Symonová
- Department of Bioinformatics, Wissenschaftszentrum Weihenstephan, Technische Universität München, 85354 Freising, Germany
| | - Šárka Pelikánová
- Laboratory of Fish Genetics, Institute of Animal Physiology and Genetics, Czech Academy of Sciences, 27721 Liběchov, Czech Republic; (Z.M.); (Š.P.); (P.R.)
| | - Sevgi Unal
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science, Bartin University, Bartin 74000, Turkey;
| | - Zdeněk Lajbner
- Physics and Biology Unit, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology, Graduate University, Onna, Okinawa 904 0495, Japan;
| | - Petr Ráb
- Laboratory of Fish Genetics, Institute of Animal Physiology and Genetics, Czech Academy of Sciences, 27721 Liběchov, Czech Republic; (Z.M.); (Š.P.); (P.R.)
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Splendiani A, Berrebi P, Tougard C, Righi T, Reynaud N, Fioravanti T, Lo Conte P, Delmastro GB, Baltieri M, Ciuffardi L, Candiotto A, Sabatini A, Caputo Barucchi V. The role of the south-western Alps as a unidirectional corridor for Mediterranean brown trout (Salmo truttacomplex) lineages. Biol J Linn Soc Lond 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/biolinnean/blaa125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
AbstractThe role of the south-western Alps as a corridor for Mediterranean trout (Salmo trutta complex Linnaeus, 1758) was evaluated in order to understand the influence of the last glacial events in shaping the spatial distribution of the genetic diversity of this salmonid. For this, the allochthonous hypothesis of a man-mediated French origin (19th century) of the Mediterranean trout inhabiting the Po tributaries in the Italian side of the south-western Alps was tested. A total of 412 individuals were analysed at the mitochondrial control region. The phylogenetic classification was carried out by using a Median-Joining Network analysis. Mismatch pair-wise analysis, molecular dating and Kernel density distribution analysis of the main mitochondrial lineages were evaluated to compare past demographic dynamics with the current spatial distribution of genetic diversity. The main outcomes resulted strongly in agreement with a biogeographic scenario where the south-western Alps acted as a unidirectional corridor that permitted the colonization of the upper Durance (Rhône River basin) by trout from the Po River basin. Therefore, the Mediterranean trout should be considered as native also along the Italian side of the south-western Alps and the allochthonous hypothesis should be rejected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Splendiani
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e dell’Ambiente, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Patrick Berrebi
- Genome - R&D, Saint-Just, France
- ISEM, Université de Montpellier, CNRS, IRD, EPHE, Montpellier, France
| | | | - Tommaso Righi
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e dell’Ambiente, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Nathalie Reynaud
- ISEM, Université de Montpellier, CNRS, IRD, EPHE, Montpellier, France
| | - Tatiana Fioravanti
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e dell’Ambiente, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Paolo Lo Conte
- Funzione Specializzata Tutela Fauna e Flora, Città Metropolitana di Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Giovanni B Delmastro
- Laboratorio di Ittiologia e Biol. Acque, Museo Civico di Storia Naturale, Carmagnola, Italy
| | - Marco Baltieri
- ATAAI-Associazione Tutela Ambienti Acquatici e Ittiofauna, Luserna San Giovanni, Italy
| | | | | | - Andrea Sabatini
- Department of Life and Environmental Science, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Caputo Barucchi
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e dell’Ambiente, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
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4
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Giovannotti M, S'Khifa A, Nisi Cerioni P, Splendiani A, Slimani T, Fioravanti T, Olmo E, Caputo Barucchi V. Isolation and characterization of two satellite DNAs in Atlantolacerta andreanskyi (Werner, 1929) (Reptilia, Lacertidae). JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL ZOOLOGY PART B-MOLECULAR AND DEVELOPMENTAL EVOLUTION 2020; 334:178-191. [PMID: 32061054 DOI: 10.1002/jez.b.22937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2019] [Revised: 11/29/2019] [Accepted: 01/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Two satellite DNAs (satDNAs) have been isolated and characterized from three populations of Atlantolacerta andreanskyi. One satDNA (AAN-TaqI) has been isolated here from the first time. It is characterized by a tendency to AT enrichment (AT = 54.2%) and monomer length ranging from 187 to 199 bp. FISH experiments showed that this element occurs in subterminal position on the short arms of all chromosomes of the complement. The analyses of genetic variability of AAN-TaqI showed that the concerted evolution is acting effectively on these repeats that form separate clusters consistent with the geographic origin in the phylogenetic tree, thus supporting the hypothesis that A. andreanskyi would be a species complex. In addition, in the population from Jbel Aoulime this satDNA is already differentiated into two subfamilies. The other satDNA belongs to the family of IMO-TaqI already isolated in other lacertids. Differently from AAN-TaqI, concerted evolution does not seem to act effectively on this element that is not differentiated between populations. These results confirm that IMO-TaqI (AT = 53.4%) is conserved in both chromosomal position and most of its sequence in the lacertids from which it has been characterized so far. Its remarkable evolutionary conservation for about 45 million years could indicate that this satDNA may have a functional role that future investigations could unveil. Once again, this study shows how satDNAs coexisting in the same genome may differ in their evolutionary pattern, even though the reasons underlying this phenomenon in the species here studied have still to be fully understood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Massimo Giovannotti
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e dell'Ambiente, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Abderrahim S'Khifa
- Laboratory Biodiversity and Ecosystem Dynamics, Faculty of Sciences Semlalia, Cadi Ayyad University, Boulevard Prince Moulay Abdellah, Marrakech, Morocco
| | - Paola Nisi Cerioni
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e dell'Ambiente, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Andrea Splendiani
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e dell'Ambiente, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Tahar Slimani
- Laboratory Biodiversity and Ecosystem Dynamics, Faculty of Sciences Semlalia, Cadi Ayyad University, Boulevard Prince Moulay Abdellah, Marrakech, Morocco
| | - Tatiana Fioravanti
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e dell'Ambiente, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Ettore Olmo
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e dell'Ambiente, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Caputo Barucchi
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e dell'Ambiente, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
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Splendiani A, Palmas F, Sabatini A, Caputo Barucchi V. The name of the trout: considerations on the taxonomic status of the Salmo trutta L., 1758 complex (Osteichthyes: Salmonidae) in Italy. EUROPEAN ZOOLOGICAL JOURNAL 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/24750263.2019.1686544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A. Splendiani
- DiSVA, Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e dell’Ambiente, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - F. Palmas
- DiSVA, Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e dell’Ambiente, Università degli Studi di Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - A. Sabatini
- DiSVA, Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e dell’Ambiente, Università degli Studi di Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - V. Caputo Barucchi
- DiSVA, Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e dell’Ambiente, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
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Tiberti R. Why adopt double standards for alien fish and homoeothermic vertebrates? A reply to Fenoglio, Delmastro, and Boano (2018). EUROPEAN ZOOLOGICAL JOURNAL 2018. [DOI: 10.1080/24750263.2018.1546911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rocco Tiberti
- DSTA, Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra e dell’Ambiente, Università di Pavia, Pavia, Italy
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7
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Giovannotti M, Nisi Cerioni P, Rojo V, Olmo E, Slimani T, Splendiani A, Caputo Barucchi V. Characterization of a satellite DNA in the genera Lacerta andTimon(Reptilia, Lacertidae) and its role in the differentiation of the W chromosome. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL ZOOLOGY PART B-MOLECULAR AND DEVELOPMENTAL EVOLUTION 2018; 330:83-95. [DOI: 10.1002/jez.b.22790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2017] [Revised: 12/04/2017] [Accepted: 01/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Massimo Giovannotti
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e dell'Ambiente; Università Politecnica delle Marche; via Brecce Bianche Ancona Italy
| | - Paola Nisi Cerioni
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e dell'Ambiente; Università Politecnica delle Marche; via Brecce Bianche Ancona Italy
| | - Verónica Rojo
- AllGenetics & Biology SL; Edificio CICA; Campus de Elviña s/n, A Coruña Spain
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology; Evolutionary Biology Group (GIBE); Universidade da Coruña; A Fraga 10, A Coruña Spain
| | - Ettore Olmo
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e dell'Ambiente; Università Politecnica delle Marche; via Brecce Bianche Ancona Italy
| | - Tahar Slimani
- Cadi Ayyad University; Faculty of Sciences Semlalia; Laboratory Biodiversity and Ecosystem Dynamics; Marrakech Morocco
| | - Andrea Splendiani
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e dell'Ambiente; Università Politecnica delle Marche; via Brecce Bianche Ancona Italy
| | - Vincenzo Caputo Barucchi
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e dell'Ambiente; Università Politecnica delle Marche; via Brecce Bianche Ancona Italy
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche; Istituto di Scienze Marine Sezione Pesca Marittima; Largo Fiera della Pesca; Ancona Italy
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8
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Ishijima J, Uno Y, Nunome M, Nishida C, Kuraku S, Matsuda Y. Molecular cytogenetic characterization of chromosome site-specific repetitive sequences in the Arctic lamprey (Lethenteron camtschaticum, Petromyzontidae). DNA Res 2017; 24:93-101. [PMID: 28025319 PMCID: PMC5381345 DOI: 10.1093/dnares/dsw053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2016] [Accepted: 11/02/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
All extant lamprey karyotypes are characterized by almost all dot-shaped microchromosomes. To understand the molecular basis of chromosome structure in lampreys, we performed chromosome C-banding and silver staining and chromosome mapping of the 18S–28S and 5S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) genes and telomeric TTAGGG repeats in the Arctic lamprey (Lethenteron camtschaticum). In addition, we cloned chromosome site-specific repetitive DNA sequences and characterized them by nucleotide sequencing, chromosome in situ hybridization, and filter hybridization. Three types of repetitive sequences were detected; a 200-bp AT-rich repetitive sequence, LCA-EcoRIa that co-localized with the 18S–28S rRNA gene clusters of 3 chromosomal pairs; a 364-bp AT-rich LCA-EcoRIb sequence that showed homology to the EcoRI sequence family from the sea lamprey (Petromyzon marinus), which contains short repeats as centromeric motifs; and a GC-rich 702-bp LCA-ApaI sequence that was distributed on nearly all chromosomes and showed significant homology with the integrase-coding region of a Ty3/Gypsy family long terminal repeat (LTR) retrotransposon. All three repetitive sequences are highly conserved within the Petromyzontidae or within Petromyzontidae and Mordaciidae. Molecular cytogenetic characterization of these site-specific repeats showed that they may be correlated with programed genome rearrangement (LCA-EcoRIa), centromere structure and function (LCA-EcoRIb), and site-specific amplification of LTR retroelements through homogenization between non-homologous chromosomes (LCA-ApaI).
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Affiliation(s)
- Junko Ishijima
- Laboratory of Animal Cytogenetics, Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-0810, Japan
| | - Yoshinobu Uno
- Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Department of Applied Molecular Biosciences, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Aichi 464-8601, Japan
| | - Mitsuo Nunome
- Avian Bioscience Research Center, Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Aichi 464-8601, Japan
| | - Chizuko Nishida
- Department of Natural History Sciences, Faculty of Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-0810, Japan
| | - Shigehiro Kuraku
- Phyloinformatics Unit, RIKEN Center for Life Science Technologies, Kobe 650-0047, Japan
| | - Yoichi Matsuda
- Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Department of Applied Molecular Biosciences, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Aichi 464-8601, Japan
- Avian Bioscience Research Center, Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Aichi 464-8601, Japan
- To whom correspondence should be addressed. Tel. +81 52 789 4100. Fax. +81 52 789 4099.
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Dion-Côté AM, Symonová R, Lamaze FC, Pelikánová Š, Ráb P, Bernatchez L. Standing chromosomal variation in Lake Whitefish species pairs: the role of historical contingency and relevance for speciation. Mol Ecol 2016; 26:178-192. [PMID: 27545583 DOI: 10.1111/mec.13816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2015] [Revised: 08/08/2016] [Accepted: 08/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The role of chromosome changes in speciation remains a debated topic, although demographic conditions associated with divergence should promote their appearance. We tested a potential relationship between chromosome changes and speciation by studying two Lake Whitefish (Coregonus clupeaformis) lineages that recently colonized postglacial lakes following allopatry. A dwarf limnetic species evolved repeatedly from the normal benthic species, becoming reproductively isolated. Lake Whitefish hybrids experience mitotic and meiotic instability, which may result from structurally divergent chromosomes. Motivated by this observation, we test the hypothesis that chromosome organization differs between Lake Whitefish species pairs using cytogenetics. While chromosome and fundamental numbers are conserved between the species (2n = 80, NF = 98), we observe extensive polymorphism of subtle karyotype traits. We describe intrachromosomal differences associated with heterochromatin and repetitive DNA, and test for parallelism among three sympatric species pairs. Multivariate analyses support the hypothesis that differentiation at the level of subchromosomal markers mostly appeared during allopatry. Yet we find no evidence for parallelism between species pairs among lakes, consistent with colonization effect or postcolonization differentiation. The reported intrachromosomal polymorphisms do not appear to play a central role in driving adaptive divergence between normal and dwarf Lake Whitefish. We discuss how chromosomal differentiation in the Lake Whitefish system may contribute to the destabilization of mitotic and meiotic chromosome segregation in hybrids, as documented previously. The chromosome structures detected here are still difficult to sequence and assemble, demonstrating the value of cytogenetics as a complementary approach to understand the genomic bases of speciation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne-Marie Dion-Côté
- Département de Biologie, Institut de Biologie Intégrative et des Systèmes (IBIS), Université Laval, 1030, Avenue de la Médecine, Québec, Québec, Canada, G1V 0A6
| | - Radka Symonová
- Research Institute for Limnology, University of Innsbruck, Mondseestraße 9, A-5310, Mondsee, Austria
| | - Fabien C Lamaze
- Ontario Institut for Cancer Research, MaRS Centre, 661 University Avenue, Suite 510, Toronto, Ontario, Canada, M5G 0A3
| | - Šárka Pelikánová
- Laboratory of Fish Genetics, Institute of Animal Physiology and Genetics, AS CR, vvi, Liběchov, 277 21, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Ráb
- Laboratory of Fish Genetics, Institute of Animal Physiology and Genetics, AS CR, vvi, Liběchov, 277 21, Czech Republic
| | - Louis Bernatchez
- Département de Biologie, Institut de Biologie Intégrative et des Systèmes (IBIS), Université Laval, 1030, Avenue de la Médecine, Québec, Québec, Canada, G1V 0A6
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10
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Śliwińska-Jewsiewicka A, Kuciński M, Kirtiklis L, Dobosz S, Ocalewicz K, Jankun M. Chromosomal characteristics and distribution of rDNA sequences in the brook trout Salvelinus fontinalis (Mitchill, 1814). Genetica 2015; 143:425-32. [PMID: 25958180 PMCID: PMC4486110 DOI: 10.1007/s10709-015-9841-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2015] [Accepted: 05/04/2015] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Brook trout Salvelinus fontinalis (Mitchill, 1814) chromosomes have been analyzed using conventional and molecular cytogenetic techniques enabling characteristics and chromosomal location of heterochromatin, nucleolus organizer regions (NORs), ribosomal RNA-encoding genes and telomeric DNA sequences. The C-banding and chromosome digestion with the restriction endonucleases demonstrated distribution and heterogeneity of the heterochromatin in the brook trout genome. DNA sequences of the ribosomal RNA genes, namely the nucleolus-forming 28S (major) and non-nucleolus-forming 5S (minor) rDNAs, were physically mapped using fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) and primed in situ labelling. The minor rDNA locus was located on the subtelo-acrocentric chromosome pair No. 9, whereas the major rDNA loci were dispersed on 14 chromosome pairs, showing a considerable inter-individual variation in the number and location. The major and minor rDNA loci were located at different chromosomes. Multichromosomal location (3-6 sites) of the NORs was demonstrated by silver nitrate (AgNO3) impregnation. All Ag-positive i.e. active NORs corresponded to the GC-rich blocks of heterochromatin. FISH with telomeric probe showed the presence of the interstitial telomeric site (ITS) adjacent to the NOR/28S rDNA site on the chromosome 11. This ITS was presumably remnant of the chromosome rearrangement(s) leading to the genomic redistribution of the rDNA sequences. Comparative analysis of the cytogenetic data among several related salmonid species confirmed huge variation in the number and the chromosomal location of rRNA gene clusters in the Salvelinus genome.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. Śliwińska-Jewsiewicka
- />Department of Human Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - M. Kuciński
- />Department of Ichthyology, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - L. Kirtiklis
- />Department of Zoology, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - S. Dobosz
- />Department of Salmonid Research, Inland Fisheries Institute in Olsztyn, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - K. Ocalewicz
- />Department of Marine Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Oceanography and Geography, University of Gdansk, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Malgorzata Jankun
- />Department of Ichthyology, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Olsztyn, Poland
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11
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Gornung E. Twenty years of physical mapping of major ribosomal RNA genes across the teleosts: A review of research. Cytogenet Genome Res 2013; 141:90-102. [PMID: 24080951 DOI: 10.1159/000354832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Molecular cytogenetic data on the number and position of 45S ribosomal RNA genes (rDNA; located in nucleolus organizing regions, NORs) detected by FISH in 330 species of 77 families and 22 orders of bony fishes (Teleostei) and, additionally, 11 species of basal ray-finned fishes are compiled and analyzed. The portion of species with single rDNA sites in the sample amounts to 72%. The percentage of species with multiple NORs decreases with increasing numbers of rDNA loci per genome, i.e. scarcely 3% of species carry 4 or more rDNA-bearing chromosome pairs. 43% of all rDNA sites analyzed occur terminally on the short arms of chromosomes or constitute them. In general, terminal rDNA sites account for 87% of all examined cases. Interspecific variation in the location of single rDNA sites among related taxa, polymorphisms of multiple NORs in some groups of teleosts and analytical outcomes on the subject are reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Gornung
- 'Charles Darwin' Department of Biology and Biotechnologies, University of Rome 'La Sapienza', Rome, Italy
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Bitencourt JA, Affonso PRAM, Giuliano-Caetano L, Carneiro PLS, Dias AL. Population divergence and peculiar karyoevolutionary trends in the loricariid fish Hypostomus aff. unae from northeastern Brazil. GENETICS AND MOLECULAR RESEARCH 2012; 11:933-43. [PMID: 22576920 DOI: 10.4238/2012.april.13.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Loricariidae (Siluriformes, Hypostominae) is one of the most diverse catfish families. In spite of the wide distribution of loricariids in South America, cytogenetic reports are available for only a few species, mostly from southern and southeastern Brazil. We made the first chromosomal analysis of Hypostomus aff. unae from the Contas River basin in northeastern Brazil. Four populations isolated by short distances but from distinct landscapes were studied based on conventional staining, C-banding, argyrophilic nucleolar organizer regions (Ag-NOR), CMA(3)/DAPI fluorochrome staining, and fluorescent in situ hybridization with 18S rDNA probes. Although sharing the same diploid number (2n = 76) and NOR locations, each population presented exclusive karyotype formulae and specific patterns of heterochromatic and AT-rich regions. The derived karyotypes of H. aff. unae (2n >54; high number of acrocentrics bearing AT-rich interstitial heterochromatin) indicated a divergent karyoevolution, mostly driven by centric fissions, pericentric inversions and particular heterochromatin dispersion models. This finding of distinct evolutionary units in H. aff. unae will be useful for understanding the natural history of loricariids from relatively unexplored coastal basins in South America.
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Affiliation(s)
- J A Bitencourt
- Departamento de Biologia Geral, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, PR, Brasil
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13
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Caputo V, Giovannotti M, Cerioni PN, Splendiani A, Tagliavini J, Olmo E. Chromosomal study of a lamprey (Lampetra zanandreai Vladykov, 1955) (Petromyzonida: Petromyzontiformes): conventional and FISH analysis. Chromosome Res 2011; 19:481-91. [DOI: 10.1007/s10577-011-9197-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2010] [Revised: 02/21/2011] [Accepted: 02/24/2011] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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Li J, Phillips RB, Harwood AS, Koop BF, Davidson WS. Identification of the sex chromosomes of brown trout (Salmo trutta) and their comparison with the corresponding chromosomes in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) and rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). Cytogenet Genome Res 2011; 133:25-33. [PMID: 21252487 DOI: 10.1159/000323410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/11/2010] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Males are the heterogametic sex in salmonid fishes. In brown trout (Salmo trutta) the sex-determining locus, SEX, has been mapped to the end of linkage group BT-28, which corresponds to linkage group AS-8 and chromosome SSA15 in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar). We set out to identify the sex chromosomes in brown trout. We isolated Atlantic salmon BAC clones containing microsatellite markers that are on BT-28 and also on AS-8, and used these BACs as probes for fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) analysis. SEX is located on the short arm of a small subtelocentric/acrocentric chromosome in brown trout, which is consistent with linkage analysis. The acrocentric chromosome SSA15 in Atlantic salmon appears to have arisen by a centric fusion of 2 small acrocentric chromosomes in the common ancestor of Salmo sp. We speculate that the fusion process that produced Atlantic salmon chromosome SSA15 disrupted the ancestral sex-determining locus in the Atlantic salmon lineage, providing the impetus either for the relocation of SEX or selection pressure for a novel sex-determining gene to arise in this species. Thus, the sex-determining genes may differ in Atlantic salmon and brown trout.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Li
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, B.C., Canada
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