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Krampert L, Ossner T, Schröder A, Schatz V, Jantsch J. Simultaneous Increases in Intracellular Sodium and Tonicity Boost Antimicrobial Activity of Macrophages. Cells 2023; 12:2816. [PMID: 38132136 PMCID: PMC10741518 DOI: 10.3390/cells12242816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Revised: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflamed and infected tissues can display increased local sodium (Na+) levels, which can have various effects on immune cells. In macrophages, high salt (HS) leads to a Na+/Ca2+-exchanger 1 (NCX1)-dependent increase in intracellular Na+ levels. This results in augmented osmoprotective signaling and enhanced proinflammatory activation, such as enhanced expression of type 2 nitric oxide synthase and antimicrobial function. In this study, the role of elevated intracellular Na+ levels in macrophages was investigated. Therefore, the Na+/K+-ATPase (NKA) was pharmacologically inhibited with two cardiac glycosides (CGs), ouabain (OUA) and digoxin (DIG), to raise intracellular Na+ without increasing extracellular Na+ levels. Exposure to HS conditions and treatment with both inhibitors resulted in intracellular Na+ accumulation and subsequent phosphorylation of p38/MAPK. The CGs had different effects on intracellular Ca2+ and K+ compared to HS stimulation. Moreover, the osmoprotective transcription factor nuclear factor of activated T cells 5 (NFAT5) was not upregulated on RNA and protein levels upon OUA and DIG treatment. Accordingly, OUA and DIG did not boost nitric oxide (NO) production and showed heterogeneous effects toward eliminating intracellular bacteria. While HS environments cause hypertonic stress and ionic perturbations, cardiac glycosides only induce the latter. Cotreatment of macrophages with OUA and non-ionic osmolyte mannitol (MAN) partially mimicked the HS-boosted antimicrobial macrophage activity. These findings suggest that intracellular Na+ accumulation and hypertonic stress are required but not sufficient to mimic boosted macrophage function induced by increased extracellular sodium availability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luka Krampert
- Institute of Clinical Microbiology and Hygiene, University Hospital Regensburg and University of Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany; (L.K.)
| | - Thomas Ossner
- Institute of Clinical Microbiology and Hygiene, University Hospital Regensburg and University of Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany; (L.K.)
| | - Agnes Schröder
- Institute of Clinical Microbiology and Hygiene, University Hospital Regensburg and University of Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany; (L.K.)
- Institute of Orthodontics, University Hospital Regensburg and University of Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Valentin Schatz
- Institute of Clinical Microbiology and Hygiene, University Hospital Regensburg and University of Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany; (L.K.)
| | - Jonathan Jantsch
- Institute of Clinical Microbiology and Hygiene, University Hospital Regensburg and University of Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany; (L.K.)
- Institute for Medical Microbiology, Immunology, and Hygiene, Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University Hospital Cologne and Faculty of Medicine, University of Cologne, 50935 Cologne, Germany
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Leite JA, Cavalcante-Silva LHA, Ribeiro MR, de Morais Lima G, Scavone C, Rodrigues-Mascarenhas S. Neuroinflammation and Neutrophils: Modulation by Ouabain. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:824907. [PMID: 35173621 PMCID: PMC8841582 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.824907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2021] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiotonic steroids are natural compounds that present many physiological and pharmacological functions. They bind Na+/K+-ATPase (NKA) modifying cellular ion concentration and trigger cell signaling mechanisms without altering ion balance. These steroids are known to modulate some immune responses, including cytokine production, neutrophil migration, and inflammation (peripherally and in the nervous system). Inflammation can occur in response to homeostasis perturbations and is related to the development of many diseases, including immune-mediated diseases and neurodegenerative disorders. Considering the neutrophils role in the general neuroinflammatory response and that these cells can be modulated by cardiac steroids, this work aims to review the possible regulation of neutrophilic neuroinflammation by the cardiac steroid ouabain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacqueline Alves Leite
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biomedical Science, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Brazil
| | | | - Martina Raissa Ribeiro
- Laboratory of Molecular Neuropharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biomedical Science, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Geovanni de Morais Lima
- Laboratory of Molecular Neuropharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biomedical Science, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Cristoforo Scavone
- Laboratory of Molecular Neuropharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biomedical Science, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
- *Correspondence: Cristoforo Scavone,
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Ouabain reduces the expression of the adhesion molecule CD18 in neutrophils. Inflammopharmacology 2019; 28:787-793. [PMID: 31087249 DOI: 10.1007/s10787-019-00602-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2018] [Accepted: 04/30/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Ouabain, a hormone that inhibits Na+/K+-ATPase, modulates many aspects of the inflammatory response. It has been previously demonstrated that ouabain inhibits neutrophil migration in several inflammation models in vivo, but little is known about the mechanisms underlying this effect. Thus, this work aimed to evaluate the effect of ouabain on molecules related to neutrophil migration. For this purpose, neutrophils obtained from mouse bone marrow were treated with ouabain (1, 10, and 100 nM) in vitro. Neutrophil viability was assessed by annexin V/propidium iodide staining. Ouabain treatment did not affect neutrophil viability at different times (2, 4, and 24 h). However, basal neutrophil viability was decreased after 4 h. Thus, we assessed the effect of ouabain on the adhesion molecule CD18, an integrin β2 chain protein, and on the chemokine receptor CXCR2 after 2 h of treatment. CD18 expression was reduced (by 30%) by 1 nM ouabain. However, the expression of CXCR2 on the neutrophil membrane was not affected by ouabain treatment (1, 10, and 100 nM). Moreover, ouabain (1, 10, and 100 nM) did not modulate the zymosan-induced secretion of CXCL1 (a chemokine receptor CXCR2 ligand) in macrophage cultures. These data suggest that the inhibitory effect of ouabain on neutrophil migration is related to reduced CD18 expression, indicating a novel mechanism of action.
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da Silva JMC, Azevedo ADN, Barbosa RPDS, Teixeira MP, Vianna TAG, Fittipaldi J, Cabral VR, Paiva LSD. Ouabain Decreases Regulatory T Cell Number in Mice by Reducing IL-2 Secretion. Neuroimmunomodulation 2019; 26:188-197. [PMID: 31412342 DOI: 10.1159/000501720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2019] [Accepted: 06/24/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ouabain (OUA) is a cardiotonic glycoside originally extracted from African plants. It has also been described as an endogenous component in mammals, being released in stress situations mainly by the adrenal gland. OUA has been reported to be capable of inhibiting mitogen-induced lymphocyte proliferation and also affects B and T lymphocytes. OBJECTIVES The aim of this work is to show the effects of OUA in peripheral T lymphocytes. METHODS In the in vivo experiments, mice were injected intraperitoneally for 3 consecutive days with RPMI medium (control group) or 0.56 mg/kg of OUA diluted in RPMI medium (OUA group). On the fourth day, spleen or mesenteric lymph nodes were removed. RESULTS OUA significantly reduced the number of CD4+ T lymphocytes in the spleen, especially regulatory T cells (Tregs). In vitro OUA did not inhibit the proliferation of CD4+T lymphocytes stimulated with anti-CD3 neither was able to induce the apoptosis of CD4+ nor Tregs. There was no increase in the number or percentage of T lymphocytes in the mesenteric lymph nodes, suggesting that there was no preferential accumulation of these cells in this organ. Secretion of IL-2 by activated T lymphocytes was decreased by the OUA, explaining at least in part the reduction of Tregs, since this cytokine is involved in the peripheral conversion and maintenance of Tregs. CONCLUSION The impact of this reduction in autoimmune diseases, allergy and cancer as well as the potential use of OUA as a therapeutic approach in tumor treatment still needs more investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joyle Moreira Carvalho da Silva
- Departamento de Imunobiologia, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói, Brazil
- Programa de Pós Graduação em Patologia Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói, Brazil
| | - Augusto das Neves Azevedo
- Departamento de Imunobiologia, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói, Brazil
| | | | - Mariana Pires Teixeira
- Departamento de Imunobiologia, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói, Brazil
- Programa de Pós Graduação em Patologia Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói, Brazil
| | | | - Juliana Fittipaldi
- Departamento de Imunobiologia, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói, Brazil
| | - Vinicius Ribeiro Cabral
- Faculdade de Educação, Departamento de Fundamentos Pedagógicos, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói, Brazil
| | - Luciana Souza de Paiva
- Departamento de Imunobiologia, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói, Brazil,
- Programa de Pós Graduação em Patologia Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói, Brazil,
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Cavalcante-Silva LHA, Lima ÉDA, Carvalho DCM, de Sales-Neto JM, Alves AKDA, Galvão JGFM, da Silva JSDF, Rodrigues-Mascarenhas S. Much More than a Cardiotonic Steroid: Modulation of Inflammation by Ouabain. Front Physiol 2017; 8:895. [PMID: 29176951 PMCID: PMC5686084 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2017.00895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2017] [Accepted: 10/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Since the discovery of ouabain as a cardiotonic steroid hormone present in higher mammals, research about it has progressed rapidly and several of its physiological and pharmacological effects have been described. Ouabain can behave as a stress hormone and adrenal cortex is its main source. Direct effects of ouabain are originated due to the binding to its receptor, the Na+/K+-ATPase, on target cells. This interaction can promote Na+ transport blockade or even activation of signaling transduction pathways (e.g., EGFR/Src-Ras-ERK pathway activation), independent of ion transport. Besides the well-known effect of ouabain on the cardiovascular system and blood pressure control, compelling evidence indicates that ouabain regulates a number of immune functions. Inflammation is a tightly coordinated immunological function that is also affected by ouabain. Indeed, this hormone can modulate many inflammatory events such as cell migration, vascular permeability, and cytokine production. Moreover, ouabain also interferes on neuroinflammation. However, it is not clear how ouabain controls these events. In this brief review, we summarize the updates of ouabain effect on several aspects of peripheral and central inflammation, bringing new insights into ouabain functions on the immune system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luiz H A Cavalcante-Silva
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Produtos Naturais e Sintéticos Bioativos, Laboratório de Imunobiotecnologia, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal da Paraíba, João Pessoa, Brazil
| | - Éssia de Almeida Lima
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biotecnologia, Laboratório de Imunobiotecnologia, Centro de Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal da Paraíba, João Pessoa, Brazil
| | - Deyse C M Carvalho
- Programa Multicêntrico de Pós-graduação em Ciências Fisiológicas, Laboratório de Imunobiotecnologia, Centro de Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal da Paraíba, João Pessoa, Brazil
| | - José M de Sales-Neto
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Produtos Naturais e Sintéticos Bioativos, Laboratório de Imunobiotecnologia, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal da Paraíba, João Pessoa, Brazil
| | - Anne K de Abreu Alves
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biotecnologia, Laboratório de Imunobiotecnologia, Centro de Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal da Paraíba, João Pessoa, Brazil
| | - José G F M Galvão
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Produtos Naturais e Sintéticos Bioativos, Laboratório de Imunobiotecnologia, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal da Paraíba, João Pessoa, Brazil
| | - Juliane S de França da Silva
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Produtos Naturais e Sintéticos Bioativos, Laboratório de Imunobiotecnologia, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal da Paraíba, João Pessoa, Brazil
| | - Sandra Rodrigues-Mascarenhas
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Produtos Naturais e Sintéticos Bioativos, Laboratório de Imunobiotecnologia, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal da Paraíba, João Pessoa, Brazil.,Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biotecnologia, Laboratório de Imunobiotecnologia, Centro de Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal da Paraíba, João Pessoa, Brazil.,Programa Multicêntrico de Pós-graduação em Ciências Fisiológicas, Laboratório de Imunobiotecnologia, Centro de Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal da Paraíba, João Pessoa, Brazil
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6
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Galvão JGFM, Cavalcante-Silva LHA, Carvalho DCM, Ferreira LKDP, Monteiro TM, Alves AF, Ferreira LAMP, Gadelha FAAF, Piuvezam MR, Rodrigues-Mascarenhas S. Ouabain attenuates ovalbumin-induced airway inflammation. Inflamm Res 2017; 66:1117-1130. [PMID: 28905075 DOI: 10.1007/s00011-017-1092-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2017] [Revised: 09/08/2017] [Accepted: 09/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Ouabain, an Na+/K+-ATPase inhibitor hormone, presents immunomodulatory actions, including anti-inflammatory effect on acute inflammation models. METHODS In the present study, the effect of ouabain in a model of allergic airway inflammation induced by ovalbumin (OVA) was assessed. RESULTS Initially, it was observed that ouabain treatment inhibited cellular migration induced by OVA on bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF), mostly granulocytes, without modulating macrophage migration. In addition, it was observed, by flow cytometry, that ouabain reduces CD3high lymphocytes cells on BALF. Furthermore, treatment with ouabain decreased IL-4 and IL-13 levels on BALF. Ouabain also promoted pulmonary histological alterations, including decreased cell migration into peribronchiolar and perivascular areas, and reduced mucus production in bronchioles regions observed through hematoxylin-eosin (HE) and by periodic acid-Schiff stain, respectively. Allergic airway inflammation is characterized by high OVA-specific IgE serum titer. This parameter was also reduced by the treatment with ouabain. CONCLUSIONS Therefore, our data demonstrate that ouabain negatively modulates allergic airway inflammation induced by OVA.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Guilherme F M Galvão
- Laboratório de Imunobiotecnologia, Centro de Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal da Paraíba (UFPB), João Pessoa, Brazil
| | | | - Deyse Cristina M Carvalho
- Laboratório de Imunobiotecnologia, Centro de Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal da Paraíba (UFPB), João Pessoa, Brazil
| | - Laércia Karla D P Ferreira
- Laboratório de Imunofarmacologia, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal da Paraíba (UFPB), João Pessoa, Brazil
| | - Talissa Mozzini Monteiro
- Laboratório de Imunofarmacologia, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal da Paraíba (UFPB), João Pessoa, Brazil
| | - Adriano Francisco Alves
- Laboratório de Imunofarmacologia, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal da Paraíba (UFPB), João Pessoa, Brazil
| | - Larissa Adilis M P Ferreira
- Laboratório de Imunofarmacologia, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal da Paraíba (UFPB), João Pessoa, Brazil
| | - Francisco Allysson A F Gadelha
- Laboratório de Imunofarmacologia, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal da Paraíba (UFPB), João Pessoa, Brazil
| | - Marcia Regina Piuvezam
- Laboratório de Imunofarmacologia, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal da Paraíba (UFPB), João Pessoa, Brazil
| | - Sandra Rodrigues-Mascarenhas
- Laboratório de Imunobiotecnologia, Centro de Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal da Paraíba (UFPB), João Pessoa, Brazil.
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Lima DB, Valente RC, Capella MAM. Ouabain-induced alterations in ABCB1 of mesenteric lymph nodes and thymocytes of rats and mice. Oncol Lett 2017; 12:5275-5280. [PMID: 28105236 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2016.5366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2016] [Accepted: 06/27/2016] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Ouabain is a glycoside with immunomodulating properties, and recent studies have suggested its use in adjuvant therapy for cancer treatment. Ouabain is known to modulate the immune system in vitro, and previous studies have revealed that ouabain can modulate the expression and activity of ABCB1, a protein associated with multidrug resistance present in immune system. Therefore, the present study investigated alterations in the expression and activity of ABCB1 in the thymi, peripheral blood monocytes and lymph nodes of Wistar rats and Swiss mice treated acutely or chronically with ouabain. A decrease of almost 45% in the monocyte count and an increase of 55% in the basophil count were observed. A significant decrease (75% reduction) in the amount of cells with ABCB1 activity was found in the thymocytes of ouabain-treated rats and mice. The possible implications of these results for cancer treatment are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Boff Lima
- Institute of Medical Biochemistry Leopoldo de Meis, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21949-900, Brazil
| | - Raphael Carmo Valente
- Institute of Biophysics Carlos Chagas Filho, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21949-900, Brazil
| | - Marcia Alves Marques Capella
- Institute of Medical Biochemistry Leopoldo de Meis, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21949-900, Brazil; Institute of Biophysics Carlos Chagas Filho, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21949-900, Brazil
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8
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da Silva JMC, das Neves Azevedo A, dos Santos Barbosa RP, Vianna TAG, Fittipaldi J, Teixeira MP, do Canto FB, da Costa KM, Pozzatti RR, Cabral VR, Rumjanek VM, de Paiva LS. Dynamics of murine B lymphocytes is modulated by in vivo treatment with steroid ouabain. Immunobiology 2015; 221:368-76. [PMID: 26439835 DOI: 10.1016/j.imbio.2015.09.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2015] [Accepted: 09/16/2015] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
Ouabain (OUA) is a steroid hormone capable of inhibiting the protein Na+K+ATPase present in the plasma membrane of cells. Ouabain was initially extracted from the roots of African trees such as Acocanthera ouabaio and Strophantus gratus seeds and later described as an endogenous component found in higher mammals. The adrenal gland is the main site of synthesis of ouabain and it is released in stressful situations, conditions similar to those where there is secretion of corticosteroids. Immunological functions have been shown to be regulated by ouabain. In order to understand the effects of ouabain on B lymphocyte populations in different lymphoid organs, mice received intraperitoneal injections of ouabain for 3 consecutive days. Twenty-four hours after the last injection, cells were analyzed by flow cytometry. In the spleen, ouabain modulated especially follicular B cells, inducing a significant decrease in the percentage and absolute numbers of those cells. Ouabain also reduced the absolute number of marginal zone B lymphocytes. No difference in the percentage or absolute number of B lymphocytes in the spleen forty-eight hours after the last injection was observed. An increase in the number of B cells was seen in mesenteric lymph nodes and this retention appears to be directly related to increased expression of CXCR5 chemokine receptor and reduction of CD62L, which also explains the observed reduction of B cells in the spleen. Our results indicate that ouabain regulates the dynamics of B lymphocytes in peripheral organs but production of total IgM and IgG in the serum of animals treated in vivo with ouabain was not affected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joyle Moreira Carvalho da Silva
- Departamento de Imunobiologia, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói, Brazil; Programa de Pós Graduação em Patologia/UFF, Niterói, Brazil
| | - Augusto das Neves Azevedo
- Departamento de Imunobiologia, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói, Brazil
| | | | | | - Juliana Fittipaldi
- Departamento de Imunobiologia, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói, Brazil
| | - Mariana Pires Teixeira
- Instituto de Bioquímica Médica Leopoldo De Meis, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Fábio Barrozo do Canto
- Departamento de Imunobiologia, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói, Brazil
| | - Kelli Monteiro da Costa
- Departamento de Imunobiologia, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói, Brazil; Instituto de Bioquímica Médica Leopoldo De Meis, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Roitman Pozzatti
- Departamento de Imunobiologia, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói, Brazil
| | - Vinicius Ribeiro Cabral
- Faculdade de Educação, Departamento de Fundamentos Pedagógicos, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói, Brazil
| | - Vivian Mary Rumjanek
- Instituto de Bioquímica Médica Leopoldo De Meis, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Luciana Souza de Paiva
- Departamento de Imunobiologia, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói, Brazil.
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9
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The influence of Ouabain on human dendritic cells maturation. Mediators Inflamm 2014; 2014:494956. [PMID: 25609892 PMCID: PMC4291013 DOI: 10.1155/2014/494956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2014] [Accepted: 12/01/2014] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Although known as a Na,K-ATPase inhibitor, several other cellular and systemic actions have been ascribed to the steroid Ouabain (Oua). Particularly in the immune system, our group showed that Ouabain acts on decreasing lymphocyte proliferation, synergizing with glucocorticoids in spontaneous thymocyte apoptosis, and also lessening CD14 expression and blocking CD16 upregulation on human monocytes. However, Ouabain effects on dendritic cells (DCs) were not explored so far. Considering the peculiar plasticity and the importance of DCs in immune responses, the aim of our study was to investigate DC maturation under Ouabain influence. To generate immature DCs, human monocytes were cultured with IL-4 and GM-CSF (5 days). To investigate Ouabain role on DC activation, DCs were stimulated with TNF-α for 48 h in the presence or absence of Ouabain. TNF-induced CD83 expression and IL-12 production were abolished in DCs incubated with 100 nM Ouabain, though DC functional capacity concerning lymphocyte activation remained unaltered. Nevertheless, TNF-α-induced antigen capture downregulation, another maturation marker, occurred even in the presence of Ouabain. Besides, Ouabain increased HLA-DR and CD86 expression, whereas CD80 expression was maintained. Collectively, our results suggest that DCs respond to Ouabain maturating into a distinct category, possibly contributing to the balance between immunity and tolerance.
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10
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Ouabain affects the expression of activation markers, cytokine production, and endocytosis of human monocytes. Mediators Inflamm 2014; 2014:760368. [PMID: 24904197 PMCID: PMC4034513 DOI: 10.1155/2014/760368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2014] [Accepted: 03/03/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Ouabain is a steroid capable of binding to and inhibiting Na+,-K+-ATPase. Studies have demonstrated some actions of ouabain on immune cells, which indicated both pro- and anti-inflammatory properties of this molecule. Nevertheless, its effects on human monocytes are still poorly understood. Thus, the present work investigated effects of ouabain in the activation and function of human adherent monocytes. Our results show that there is an increase in intracellular calcium levels already 5 minutes following monocyte treatment with 10−7 M of ouabain. Furthermore, monocytes expressed increased amounts of surface activation markers such as CD69, HLA-DR, CD86, and CD80 and also presented an augmented endocytic activity of dextran-FITC particles after 24 hours of culture in the presence of ouabain. However, monocytes treated with ouabain did not have an increased stimulatory capacity in allogeneic mixed leukocyte reaction. Ouabain-treated monocytes produced higher levels of IL-1β and TNF-α as reported before. A novel observation was the fact that ouabain induced IL-10 and VEGF as well. Collectively, these results suggest that ouabain impacts monocyte activation and modulates monocyte functions, implying that this steroid could act as an immunomodulator of these cells.
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11
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Jacob PL, Leite JA, Alves AKA, Rodrigues YKS, Amorim FM, Néris PLN, Oliveira MR, Rodrigues-Mascarenhas S. Immunomodulatory activity of ouabain in Leishmania leishmania amazonensis-infected Swiss mice. Parasitol Res 2012; 112:1313-21. [PMID: 23052777 DOI: 10.1007/s00436-012-3146-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2012] [Accepted: 09/20/2012] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Ouabain is a cardiotonic steroid identified as an endogenous substance of human plasma, being produced by the adrenal, pituitary, and hypothalamus. Despite the studies demonstrating the ability of ouabain to modulate inflammation and other aspects of the immune response, the effects of this substance in Leishmaniasis is unknown. The purpose of this work was to understand the immunomodulatory activity of ouabain in experimental Leishmaniasis in Swiss mice. It was demonstrated that ouabain reduced total cell numbers in the peritoneal cavity as a reflex of the inhibition of neutrophil migration induced by Leishmania (L.) Amazonensis. Furthermore, ouabain reduced TNF-α and IFN-γ levels, without cytotoxicity against peritoneal macrophages. These data showed the anti-inflammatory role of ouabain in the early events of the immune response triggered by Leishmania (L.) Amazonensis infection in murine model.
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Affiliation(s)
- P L Jacob
- Centro de Ciências Exatas e da Natureza, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Celular e Molecular, Universidade Federal da Paraíba, João Pessoa, Paraíba, Brazil
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12
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Valente RC, Araujo EG, Rumjanek VM. Ouabain inhibits monocyte activation in vitro: prevention of the proinflammatory mCD14(+)/CD16(+) subset appearance and cell-size progression. J Exp Pharmacol 2012; 4:125-40. [PMID: 27186125 PMCID: PMC4863552 DOI: 10.2147/jep.s35507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Classically described as a potent inhibitor of the sodium-potassium adenosine triphosphatase enzyme, ouabain has been further shown to act as an effective immunomodulator in mammals. Recently, our group showed that this hormone downregulates membrane CD14 (mCD14) in human monocytes, though it is not known whether monocyte activation status could modify ouabain influence. Hence, we aimed to investigate ouabain effect during monocyte activation in vitro, analyzing mCD14, CD16 and CD69 expression in total monocytes after two periods of adhesion (2 hours and 24 hours) or in small and large monocyte subpopulations separately. Ouabain (100 nM) inhibited monocyte-size increase, characteristic of activation, only when added to cells immediately after 2 hours’ adhesion. Moreover, downregulation of both mCD14 and CD16 expression by ouabain was more effective in small monocytes and in cells after 2 hours’ adhesion. Since monocytes after 24 hours’ adhesion showed no lack of ouabain binding and no CD69 upregulation, it seems that ouabain is somehow incapable of triggering an appropriate cell-signaling induction once monocytes become activated. Furthermore, though p38 MAPK activation was crucial for the impairment in cell-size progression induced by ouabain, its inhibition did not alter ouabain-induced CD69 upregulation, suggesting that other molecules may participate in the response to this hormone by monocytes. Our data suggest that ouabain inhibits monocyte activation in vitro, preventing both cell-size increase and the appearance of the proinflammatory mCD14+/CD16+ subpopulation. Thus, the findings suggest that individuals suffering from disorders commonly associated with high ouabain plasma levels, like hypertension, may present defective monocyte activation under inflammation or infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raphael C Valente
- Instituto de Bioquímica Médica, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Elizabeth G Araujo
- Departamento de Neurobiologia, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Vivian M Rumjanek
- Instituto de Bioquímica Médica, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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Chan G, Nogalski MT, Stevenson EV, Yurochko AD. Human cytomegalovirus induction of a unique signalsome during viral entry into monocytes mediates distinct functional changes: a strategy for viral dissemination. J Leukoc Biol 2012; 92:743-52. [PMID: 22715139 DOI: 10.1189/jlb.0112040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
HCMV pathogenesis is a direct consequence of the hematogenous dissemination of the virus to multiple host organ sites. The presence of infected monocytes in the peripheral blood and organs of individuals exhibiting primary HCMV infection have long suggested that these blood sentinels are responsible for mediating viral spread. Despite monocytes being "at the right place at the right time", their short lifespan and the lack of productive viral infection in these cells complicate this scenario of a monocyte-driven approach to viral dissemination by HCMV. However, our laboratory has provided evidence that HCMV infection is able to induce a highly controlled polarization of monocytes toward a unique and long-lived proinflammatory macrophage, which we have demonstrated to be permissive for viral replication. These observations suggest that HCMV has evolved as a distinct mechanism to induce select proinflammatory characteristics that provide infected monocytes with the necessary tools to mediate viral spread following a primary infection. In the absence of viral gene products during the early stages of infection, the process by which HCMV "tunes" the inflammatory response in infected monocytes to promote viral spread and subsequently, viral persistence remains unclear. In this current review, we focus on the viral entry process of HCMV and the potential role of receptor-ligand interactions in modulating monocyte biology. Specifically, we examine the signaling pathways initiated by the distinct combination of cellular receptors simultaneously engaged and activated by HCMV during viral entry and how the acquisition of this distinct signalsome results in a nontraditional activation of monocytes leading to the induction of the unique, functional attributes observed in monocytes following HCMV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gary Chan
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Center for Molecular and Tumor Virology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, LA, USA
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14
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Balla P, Moskovszky L, Sapi Z, Forsyth R, Knowles H, Athanasou NA, Szendroi M, Kopper L, Rajnai H, Pinter F, Petak I, Benassi MS, Picci P, Conti A, Krenacs T. Epidermal growth factor receptor signalling contributes to osteoblastic stromal cell proliferation, osteoclastogenesis and disease progression in giant cell tumour of bone. Histopathology 2012; 59:376-89. [PMID: 22034878 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2559.2011.03948.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) is implicated in bone remodelling. The aim was to determine whether EGFR protein expression contributes to the aggressiveness and recurrence potential of giant cell tumour of bone (GCTB), an osteolytic primary bone tumour that can exhibit markedly variable clinical behaviour. METHODS AND RESULTS Immunohistochemical analysis on tissue microarrays (TMA) of 231 primary, 97 recurrent, 17 metastatic and 26 malignant GCTBs was performed using TMA analysis software and whole digital slides allowing validated scoring. EGFR expression was restricted to neoplastic stromal cells and was significantly more frequent in recurrent (71 of 92; 77%) than in non-recurrent GCTBs (86 of 162; 53%) (P = 0.002); and in clinicoradiologically aggressive (31 of 43; 72%) than latent (27 of 54; 50%) cases (P = 0.034). Detecting phosphotyrosine epitopes pY1068 and -pY1173 indicated active EGFR signalling, and finding EGFR ligands EGF and transforming growth factor-α restricted to cells of the monocytic lineage suggested paracrine EGFR activation in stromal cells. In functional studies EGF supported proliferation of GCTB stromal cells, and the addition of EGF and macrophage-colony stimulating factor promoted osteoclastogenesis. CONCLUSION In GCTB, EGFR signalling in neoplastic stromal cells may contribute to disease progression through promoting stromal cell proliferation and osteoclastogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Balla
- Department of Pathology and Experimental Cancer Research, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
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15
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Anti-inflammatory and antinociceptive activity of ouabain in mice. Mediators Inflamm 2011; 2011:912925. [PMID: 21772669 PMCID: PMC3136139 DOI: 10.1155/2011/912925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2010] [Revised: 02/17/2011] [Accepted: 03/26/2011] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Ouabain, an inhibitor of the Na+/K+-ATPase pump, was identified as an endogenous substance of human plasma. Ouabain has been studied for its ability to interfere with various regulatory mechanisms. Despite the studies portraying the ability of ouabain to modulate the immune response, little is known about the effect of this substance on the inflammatory process. The aim of this work was to study the effects triggered by ouabain on inflammation and nociceptive models. Ouabain produced a reduction in the mouse paw edema induced by carrageenan, compound 48/80 and zymosan. This anti-inflammatory potential might be related to the inhibition of prostaglandin E2, bradykinin, and mast-cell degranulation but not to histamine. Ouabain also modulated the inflammation induced by concanavalin A by inhibiting cell migration. Besides that, ouabain presented antinociceptive activity. Taken these data together, this work demonstrated, for the first time, that ouabain presented in vivo analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects.
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Daniel L, Etkovitz N, Weiss SR, Rubinstein S, Ickowicz D, Breitbart H. Regulation of the sperm EGF receptor by ouabain leads to initiation of the acrosome reaction. Dev Biol 2010; 344:650-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ydbio.2010.05.490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2010] [Revised: 03/25/2010] [Accepted: 05/15/2010] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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de Rezende Corrêa G, da Silva Cunha KC, dos Santos AA, de Araujo EG. The Trophic Effect of Ouabain on Retinal Ganglion Cell is Mediated by EGF Receptor and PKC δ Activation. Neurochem Res 2010; 35:1343-52. [DOI: 10.1007/s11064-010-0190-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/11/2010] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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Death of ouabain-treated renal epithelial cells: evidence for p38 MAPK-mediated Na (i) (+) /K (i) (+) -independent signaling. Apoptosis 2010; 14:1266-73. [PMID: 19784777 DOI: 10.1007/s10495-009-0404-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Recent studies demonstrate that cytotoxic actions of ouabain and other cardiotonic steroids (CTS) on renal epithelial cells (REC) are triggered by their interaction with the Na(+),K(+)-ATPase alpha-subunit but not the result of inhibition of Na(+),K(+)-ATPase-mediated ion fluxes and inversion of the [Na(+)](i)/[K(+)](i) ratio. This study examined the role of mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK) in the death of ouabain-treated REC. Exposure of C7-MDCK cells that resembled principal cells from canine kidney to 3 microM ouabain led to phosphorylation of p38 without significant impact on phosphorylation of ERK and JNK MAPK. Maximal increment of p38 phosphorylation was observed at 4 h followed by cell death at 12 h of ouabain addition. In contrast to ouabain, neither cell death nor p38 MAPK phosphorylation were affected by elevation of the [Na(+)](i)/[K(+)](i) ratio triggered by Na(+),K(+)-ATPase inhibition in K(+)-free medium. p38 phosphorylation was noted in all other cell types exhibiting death in the presence of ouabain, such as intercalated cells from canine kidney and human colon rectal carcinoma cells. We did not observe any action of ouabain on p38 phosphorylation in ouabain-resistant smooth muscle cells from rat aorta and endothelial cells from human umbilical vein. Both p38 phosphorylation and death of ouabain-treated C7-MDCK cells were suppressed by p38 inhibitor SB 202190 but were resistant to its inactive analogue SB 202474. Our results demonstrate that death of CTS-treated REC is triggered by Na (i) (+) ,K (i) (+) -independent activation of p38 MAPK.
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Hughes PJ, Marcinkowska E, Gocek E, Studzinski GP, Brown G. Vitamin D3-driven signals for myeloid cell differentiation--implications for differentiation therapy. Leuk Res 2009; 34:553-65. [PMID: 19811822 DOI: 10.1016/j.leukres.2009.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2009] [Revised: 09/05/2009] [Accepted: 09/07/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Primitive myeloid leukemic cell lines can be driven to differentiate to monocyte-like cells by 1alpha,25-dihydroxyvitamin D(3) (1,25(OH)(2)D(3)), and, therefore, 1,25(OH)(2)D(3) may be useful in differentiation therapy of myeloid leukemia and myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS). Recent studies have provided important insights into the mechanism of 1,25(OH)(2)D(3)-stimulated differentiation. For myeloid progenitors to complete monocytic differentiation a complex network of intracellular signals has to be activated and/or inactivated in a precise temporal and spatial pattern. 1,25(OH)(2)D(3) achieves this change to the 'signaling landscape' by (i) direct genomic modulation of the level of expression of key regulators of cell signaling and differentiation pathways, and (ii) activation of intracellular signaling pathways. An improved understanding of the mode of action of 1,25(OH)(2)D(3) is facilitating the development of new therapeutic regimens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philip J Hughes
- School of Immunity and Infection, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, The University of Birmingham, Vincent Drive, Edgbaston, Birmingham, West Midlands B15 2TT, UK
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