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Salg GA, Poisel E, Neulinger-Munoz M, Gerhardus J, Cebulla D, Bludszuweit-Philipp C, Vieira V, Nickel F, Herr I, Blaeser A, Giese NA, Hackert T, Kenngott HG. Toward 3D-bioprinting of an endocrine pancreas: A building-block concept for bioartificial insulin-secreting tissue. J Tissue Eng 2022; 13:20417314221091033. [PMID: 35462988 PMCID: PMC9024162 DOI: 10.1177/20417314221091033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Three-dimensional bioprinting of an endocrine pancreas is a promising future
curative treatment for patients with insulin secretion deficiency. In this
study, we present an end-to-end concept from the molecular to the macroscopic
level. Building-blocks for a hybrid scaffold device of hydrogel and
functionalized polycaprolactone were manufactured by 3D-(bio)printing.
Pseudoislet formation from INS-1 cells after bioprinting resulted in a viable
and proliferative experimental model. Transcriptomics showed an upregulation of
proliferative and ß-cell-specific signaling cascades, downregulation of
apoptotic pathways, overexpression of extracellular matrix proteins, and VEGF
induced by pseudoislet formation and 3D-culture. Co-culture with endothelial
cells created a natural cellular niche with enhanced insulin secretion after
glucose stimulation. Survival and function of pseudoislets after explantation
and extensive scaffold vascularization of both hydrogel and heparinized
polycaprolactone were demonstrated in vivo. Computer
simulations of oxygen, glucose and insulin flows were used to evaluate scaffold
architectures and Langerhans islets at a future perivascular transplantation
site.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel A Salg
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Eric Poisel
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Matthias Neulinger-Munoz
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, University Hospital LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Jamina Gerhardus
- Technical University of Darmstadt, Institute for BioMedical Printing Technology, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Daniel Cebulla
- ASD Advanced Simulation and Design GmbH, Rostock, Germany
| | | | | | - Felix Nickel
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Ingrid Herr
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Andreas Blaeser
- Technical University of Darmstadt, Institute for BioMedical Printing Technology, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Nathalia A Giese
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Thilo Hackert
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Hannes G Kenngott
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
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Clough DW, King JL, Li F, Shea LD. Integration of Islet/Beta-Cell Transplants with Host Tissue Using Biomaterial Platforms. Endocrinology 2020; 161:5902435. [PMID: 32894299 PMCID: PMC8253249 DOI: 10.1210/endocr/bqaa156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2020] [Accepted: 08/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Cell-based therapies are emerging for type I diabetes mellitus (T1D), an autoimmune disease characterized by the destruction of insulin-producing pancreatic β-cells, as a means to provide long-term restoration of glycemic control. Biomaterial scaffolds provide an opportunity to enhance the manufacturing and transplantation of islets or stem cell-derived β-cells. In contrast to encapsulation strategies that prevent host contact with the graft, recent approaches aim to integrate the transplant with the host to facilitate glucose sensing and insulin distribution, while also needing to modulate the immune response. Scaffolds can provide a supportive niche for cells either during the manufacturing process or following transplantation at extrahepatic sites. Scaffolds are being functionalized to deliver oxygen, angiogenic, anti-inflammatory, or trophic factors, and may facilitate cotransplantation of cells that can enhance engraftment or modulate immune responses. This local engineering of the transplant environment can complement systemic approaches for maximizing β-cell function or modulating immune responses leading to rejection. This review discusses the various scaffold platforms and design parameters that have been identified for the manufacture of human pluripotent stem cell-derived β-cells, and the transplantation of islets/β-cells to maintain normal blood glucose levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel W Clough
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Jessica L King
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Feiran Li
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Lonnie D Shea
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
- Correspondence: Lonnie D. Shea, Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA. E-mail:
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Salg GA, Giese NA, Schenk M, Hüttner FJ, Felix K, Probst P, Diener MK, Hackert T, Kenngott HG. The emerging field of pancreatic tissue engineering: A systematic review and evidence map of scaffold materials and scaffolding techniques for insulin-secreting cells. J Tissue Eng 2019; 10:2041731419884708. [PMID: 31700597 PMCID: PMC6823987 DOI: 10.1177/2041731419884708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2019] [Accepted: 10/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
A bioartificial endocrine pancreas is proposed as a future alternative to current treatment options. Patients with insulin-secretion deficiency might benefit. This is the first systematic review that provides an overview of scaffold materials and techniques for insulin-secreting cells or cells to be differentiated into insulin-secreting cells. An electronic literature survey was conducted in PubMed/MEDLINE and Web of Science, limited to the past 10 years. A total of 197 articles investigating 60 different materials met the inclusion criteria. The extracted data on materials, cell types, study design, and transplantation sites were plotted into two evidence gap maps. Integral parts of the tissue engineering network such as fabrication technique, extracellular matrix, vascularization, immunoprotection, suitable transplantation sites, and the use of stem cells are highlighted. This systematic review provides an evidence-based structure for future studies. Accumulating evidence shows that scaffold-based tissue engineering can enhance the viability and function or differentiation of insulin-secreting cells both in vitro and in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel Alexander Salg
- Department of General, Abdominal and Transplantation Surgery, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Nathalia A Giese
- Department of General, Abdominal and Transplantation Surgery, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Miriam Schenk
- Department of General, Abdominal and Transplantation Surgery, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Felix J Hüttner
- Department of General, Abdominal and Transplantation Surgery, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Klaus Felix
- Department of General, Abdominal and Transplantation Surgery, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Pascal Probst
- Department of General, Abdominal and Transplantation Surgery, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Markus K Diener
- Department of General, Abdominal and Transplantation Surgery, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Thilo Hackert
- Department of General, Abdominal and Transplantation Surgery, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Hannes Götz Kenngott
- Department of General, Abdominal and Transplantation Surgery, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
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Bowers DT, Botchwey EA, Brayman KL. Advances in Local Drug Release and Scaffolding Design to Enhance Cell Therapy for Diabetes. TISSUE ENGINEERING. PART B, REVIEWS 2015; 21:491-503. [PMID: 26192271 DOI: 10.1089/ten.teb.2015.0275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Islet transplant is a curative treatment for insulin-dependent diabetes. However, challenges, including poor tissue survival and a lack of efficient engraftment, must be overcome. An encapsulating or scaffolding material can act as a vehicle for agents carefully chosen for the islet transplant application. From open porous scaffolds to spherical capsules and conformal coatings, greater immune protection is often accompanied by greater distances to microvasculature. Generating a local oxygen supply from the implant material or encouraging vessel growth through the release of local factors can create an oxygenated engraftment site. Intricately related to the vascularization response, inflammatory interaction with the cell supporting implant is a long-standing hurdle to material-based islet transplant. Modulation of the immune responses to the islets as well as the material itself must be considered. To match the post-transplant complexity, the release rate can be tuned to orchestrate temporal responses. Material degradation properties can be utilized in passive approaches or external stimuli and biological cues in active approaches. A combination of multiple carefully chosen factors delivered in an agent-specialized manner is considered by this review to improve the long-term function of islets transplanted in scaffolding and encapsulating materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel T Bowers
- 1 Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Virginia , Charlottesville, Virginia
- 2 Department of Surgery, University of Virginia , Charlottesville, Virginia
| | - Edward A Botchwey
- 3 Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University , Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Kenneth L Brayman
- 1 Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Virginia , Charlottesville, Virginia
- 2 Department of Surgery, University of Virginia , Charlottesville, Virginia
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Xiao N, Le QT. Neurotrophic Factors and Their Potential Applications in Tissue Regeneration. Arch Immunol Ther Exp (Warsz) 2015; 64:89-99. [PMID: 26611762 DOI: 10.1007/s00005-015-0376-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2015] [Accepted: 11/02/2015] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Neurotrophic factors are growth factors that can nourish neurons and promote neuron survival and regeneration. They have been studied as potential drug candidates for treating neurodegenerative diseases. Since their identification, there are more and more evidences to indicate that neurotrophic factors are also expressed in non-neuronal tissues and regulate the survival, anti-inflammation, proliferation and differentiation in these tissues. This mini review summarizes the characteristics of the neurotrophic factors and their potential clinical applications in the regeneration of neuronal and non-neuronal tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Xiao
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Arthur A. Dugoni School of Dentistry, University of the Pacific, San Francisco, CA, USA.
| | - Quynh-Thu Le
- Department of Radiation Oncology, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
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Nerve Growth Factor Improves Survival and Function of Transplanted Islets Via TrkA-mediated β Cell Proliferation and Revascularization. Transplantation 2015; 99:1132-43. [PMID: 25806408 DOI: 10.1097/tp.0000000000000655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nerve growth factor (NGF), which plays important roles in promoting growth and differentiation of nerve cells, has recently been reported as a regulator in pancreatic β cells in terms of insulin releasing function. In this study, we examined whether NGF stimulation would promote islet graft survival and function in islet transplantation. METHODS We found that supplementation of cultured islets with NGF improved the viability of islet cells and induced the production of insulin, vascular endothelial growth factor, and cellular proliferative markers. Because a specific inhibitor of TrkA, K252a, blocked all these effects, we propose that the TrkA receptor is the mediator of NGF stimulation. RESULTS After transplantation to the kidney subcapsule and liver of syngenic diabetic mice, a higher rate of normoglycemic achievement, increased serum insulin, and improved glucose tolerance were observed in the mice transplanted with NGF-pretreated islet grafts. Histological analysis revealed higher expression of insulin and vascular endothelial growth factor, an increase in proliferative β cells, and revascularization in NGF-pretreated islet grafts without activation of any inflammatory cells. CONCLUSIONS The NGF treatment can therefore serve as a new and promising therapeutic tool for improving islet graft viability and function in islet transplantation.
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Abstract
Islet transplantation (IT) is a promising therapy for the treatment of diabetes. The large number of islets required to achieve insulin independence limit its cost-effectiveness and the number of patients who can be treated. It is believed that >50% of islets are lost in the immediate post-IT period. Poor oxygenation in the early post-IT period is recognized as a possible reason for islet loss and dysfunction but has not been extensively studied. Several key variables affect oxygenation in this setting, including (1) local oxygen partial pressure (pO(2)), (2) islet oxygen consumption, (3) islet size (diameter, D), and (4) presence or absence of thrombosis on the islet surface. We discuss implications of oxygen-limiting conditions on intraportal islet viability and function. Of the 4 key variables, the islet size appears to be the most important determinant of the anoxic and nonfunctional islet volume fractions. Similarly, the effect of thrombus formation on the islet surface may be substantial. At the University of Minnesota, average size distribution data from clinical alloislet preparations (n = 10) indicate that >150-µm D islets account for only ~30% of the total islet number, but >85% of the total islet volume. This suggests that improved oxygen supply to the islets may have a profound impact on islet survivability and function since most of the β-cell volume is within large islets which are most susceptible to oxygen-limiting conditions. The assumption that the liver is a suitable islet transplant site from the standpoint of oxygenation should be reconsidered.
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Srisuwan T, Tilkorn D, Al-Benna S, Vashi A, Penington A, Messer H, Abberton K, Thompson E. Survival of rat functional dental pulp cells in vascularized tissue engineering chambers. Tissue Cell 2012; 44:111-21. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tice.2011.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2011] [Revised: 12/16/2011] [Accepted: 12/17/2011] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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Glotzbach J, Wong V, Levi B, Longaker M, Gurtner G. Delivery Strategies for Stem Cell-Based Therapy. JOURNAL OF HEALTHCARE ENGINEERING 2012. [DOI: 10.1260/2040-2295.3.1.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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Reversal of diabetes by the creation of neo-islet tissues into a subcutaneous site using islet cell sheets. Transplantation 2012; 92:1231-6. [PMID: 22124282 DOI: 10.1097/tp.0b013e3182375835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There remains a paucity of therapeutic approaches to completely treat diabetes mellitus. This study was designed to develop a dispersed islet cell-based tissue engineering approach to engineer functional neo-islet tissues in the absence of traditional bioabsorbable scaffold matrices. METHODS Specialized coated plastic dishes were prepared by covalently immobilizing a temperature-responsive polymer, poly(N-isopropylacrylamide), onto the plastic followed by coating with laminin-5. Dispersed rat islet cells were plated on the laminin-5-poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) dishes. After 2 days of culturing, islet cells were harvested as a uniformly connected tissue sheet by lowering the culture temperature from 37°C to 20°C for 30 min. Two harvested islet cell sheets were transplanted into the subcutaneous space of streptozotocin-induced diabetic severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID) mice to engineer neo-islet tissues in vivo. Therapeutic effects were investigated after the tissue engineering procedures. RESULTS In all of the diabetic SCID mice transplanted with the islet sheets, serum hyperglycemia was successfully reverted to a steady normoglycemic level. The recipient SCID mice demonstrated positive for serum rat C-peptide and elevated serum insulin levels. Moreover, the islet cell sheet-transplanted SCID mice demonstrated rapid glucose clearance and return of serum glucose levels after intraperitoneal glucose tolerance test. Histological examination revealed that the transplanted islet cell sheets were structured as flat clusters of islet tissues in which an active vascular network manifested within and surrounding the newly formed tissues. CONCLUSIONS This study describes a new proof-of-concept therapeutic approach to engineer functional neo-islet tissues for the treatment of type 1 diabetes mellitus.
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Saito Y, Chan NK, Sakata N, Hathout E. Nerve growth factor is associated with islet graft failure following intraportal transplantation. Islets 2012; 4:24-31. [PMID: 22192949 PMCID: PMC3365801 DOI: 10.4161/isl.18467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Nerve growth factor (NGF) has recently been recognized as an angiogenic factor with an important regulatory role in pancreatic β-cell function. We previously showed that treatment of pancreatic islets with NGF improved their quality and viability. Revascularization and survival of islets transplanted under the kidney capsule were improved by NGF. However, the usefulness of NGF in intraportal islet transplantation was not previously tested. To resolve this problem, we transplanted syngeneic islets (360 islet equivalents per recipient) cultured with or without NGF into the portal vein of streptozotocin-induced diabetic BALB/c mice. Analysis revealed that 44.4% (4/9) of control and 12.5% (1/8) of NGF-treated mice attained normoglycemia (≤ 200 mg/dL) (p = 0.195). NGF-treated islets led to worse graft function (area under the curve of intraperitoneal glucose tolerance tests (IPGTT) on post-operative day (POD) 30, control; 35,800 ± 3,960 min*mg/dl, NGF-treated; 47,900 ± 3,220 min*mg/dl: *p = 0.0348). NGF treatment of islets was also associated with increased graft failure [the percentage of TdT-mediated dUTP-biotin nick-end labeling (TUNEL)-positive and necrotic transplanted islets on POD 5, control; 23.8% (5/21), NGF-treated; 52.9% (9/17): p = 0.0650] following intraportal islet transplantation. Nonviable (TUNEL-positive and necrotic) islets in both groups expressed vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α). On the other hand, viable (TUNEL-negative and not necrotic) islets in both groups did not express VEGF and HIF-1α. In the present study, pre-transplant NGF treatment was associated with impaired survival and angiogenesis of intraportal islet grafts. The effect of NGF on islet transplantation may significantly vary according to the transplant site.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yukihiko Saito
- Islet Transplant Laboratory; Department of Pediatrics; Loma Linda University School of Medicine; Loma Linda, CA USA
- Division of Advanced Surgical Science and Technology; Department of Surgery; Tohoku University; Sendai, Japan
| | - Nathaniel K. Chan
- Islet Transplant Laboratory; Department of Pediatrics; Loma Linda University School of Medicine; Loma Linda, CA USA
| | - Naoaki Sakata
- Division of Hepato-Biliary Pancreatic Surgery; Department of Surgery; Tohoku University; Sendai, Japan
| | - Eba Hathout
- Islet Transplant Laboratory; Department of Pediatrics; Loma Linda University School of Medicine; Loma Linda, CA USA
- * Correspondence to: Eba Hathout;
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Abstract
Pancreatic islet transplantation is a therapeutic option to replace destroyed β cells in autoimmune diabetes. Islets are transplanted into the liver via the portal vein; however, inflammation, the required immunosuppression, and lack of vasculature decrease early islet viability and function. Therefore, the use of accessory therapy and biomaterials to protect islets and improve islet function has definite therapeutic potential. Here we review the application of niche accessory cells and factors, as well as the use of biomaterials as carriers or capsules, for pancreatic islet transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danielle J. Borg
- Preclinical Approaches to Stem Cell Therapy/Diabetes, Technische Universität Dresden, DFG-Center for Regenerative Therapies Dresden, Cluster of Excellence, Tatzberg 47/49, 01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Ezio Bonifacio
- Preclinical Approaches to Stem Cell Therapy/Diabetes, Technische Universität Dresden, DFG-Center for Regenerative Therapies Dresden, Cluster of Excellence, Tatzberg 47/49, 01307 Dresden, Germany
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