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Zhang X, Wang S, Zhu Y, Zhang M, Zhao Y, Yan Z, Wang Q, Li X. Double-edged effects of interferons on the regulation of cancer-immunity cycle. Oncoimmunology 2021; 10:1929005. [PMID: 34262796 PMCID: PMC8253121 DOI: 10.1080/2162402x.2021.1929005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Interferons (IFNs) are a large family of pleiotropic cytokines that regulate both innate and adaptive immunity and show anti-cancer effects in various cancer types. Moreover, it was revealed that IFN signaling plays critical roles in the success of cancer therapy strategies, thereby enhancing their therapeutic effects. However, IFNs have minimal or even adverse effects on cancer eradication, and mediate cancer immune escape in some instances. Thus, IFNs have a double-edged effect on the cancer immune response. Recent studies suggest that IFNs regulate each step of the cancer immunity-cycle, consisting of cancer antigen release, presentation of antigens and activation of T cells, trafficking and infiltration of effector T cells into the tumor microenvironment, and recognition and killing of cancer cells, which contributes to our understanding of the mechanisms of IFNs in regulating cancer immunity. In this review, we focus on IFNs and cancer immunity and elaborate on the roles of IFNs in regulating the cancer-immunity cycle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Zhang
- Department of Stomatology, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, the First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China.,Department of Pathology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Song Wang
- Department of Pathology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Yuanyuan Zhu
- Department of Pathology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Minghui Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Chifeng City Hospital, Chifeng, China
| | - Yan Zhao
- Department of Oncology, Chifeng City Hospital, Chifeng, China
| | - Zhengbin Yan
- Department of Stomatology, the PeopIe's Hospital of Longhua, Shenzhen, China
| | - Qiuxu Wang
- Department of Stomatology, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, the First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China.,Department of Stomatology, Affiliated Zhongshan Hospital of Dalian University, Dalian, China
| | - Xiaobo Li
- Department of Stomatology, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, the First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China.,Department of Pathology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
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Mechanism of Monoclonal Antibody-Coupled Staphylococcus Superantigen-A Induced Apoptosis in Human Bladder Cancer Cells. Cell Biochem Biophys 2011; 61:679-84. [DOI: 10.1007/s12013-011-9224-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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Zhen G, Cong-hui H, Lin H, Jian-jun Y, Wen-hao T, Gao-jun T. Preparation and in-vitro bioactivity of a novel superantigen conjugate targeting bladder carcinoma. J Pharm Pharmacol 2010. [DOI: 10.1211/jpp.61.07.0005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Objectives
Superantigens have shown potent effects against bladder tumours by inducing Vβ-specific T-lymphocyte proliferation and massive cytokine release but therapeutic benefit is compromised by cytotoxicity towards non-malignant cells and hypotoxicity to major histocompability complex (MHC) II-negative tumour cells. We are therefore interested in a conjugate preparation of a monoclonal antibody (MAb)—superantigens conjugate for which these drawbacks would be resolved.
Methods
The Fab fragment of the anti-bladder carcinoma MAb BDI-1 was conjugated to one member of the staphylococcal enterotoxin A (SEA) superantigen using the chemical conjugating reagent, N-succinimidyl 3-(2-pyridyldithio) propionate.
Results
After HPLC purification through a Superdex-200 gel column, another peak with a molecular mass of 250 KDa was observed before Fab and SEA were eluted. Indirect immunocytochemical analysis and immunofluorescence tests showed that the cell membranes of most human bladder cancer cells were positively stained only by the conjugate, confirming the ability of the conjugate to target human bladder carcinoma. Peripheral blood mononuclear cell proliferation and cytokine release were similar with the conjugate and SEA. Cytotoxicity targeting in MHC II-negative bladder cancer cell lines, evaluated by flow cytometry, showed significant differences between the conjugate and SEA, whereas there was no difference in the Lovo colon cancer cell line.
Conclusions
These findings indicate the conjugate of SEA protein and BDI-1 Fab fragment was prepared successfully and targeted bladder carcinoma in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gong Zhen
- School of Clinical Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, PR China
- Department of Urology, Affiliated Xuzhou Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Xuzhou, PR China
- Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, PR China
| | - Han Cong-hui
- School of Clinical Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, PR China
- Department of Urology, Affiliated Xuzhou Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Xuzhou, PR China
| | - Hao Lin
- Department of Urology, Affiliated Xuzhou Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Xuzhou, PR China
| | - Yang Jian-jun
- School of Clinical Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, PR China
| | - Tang Wen-hao
- School of Clinical Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, PR China
- Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, PR China
| | - Teng Gao-jun
- School of Clinical Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, PR China
- Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, PR China
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Imaizumi T, Yagihashi N, Hatakeyama M, Yamashita K, Ishikawa A, Taima K, Yoshida H, Yagihashi S, Satoh K. Upregulation of retinoic acid-inducible gene-I in T24 urinary bladder carcinoma cells stimulated with interferon-gamma. TOHOKU J EXP MED 2004; 203:313-8. [PMID: 15297736 DOI: 10.1620/tjem.203.313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Urinary bladder epithelial cells play an important role in the host defense against urinary tract infections. Interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) is a potent cytokine that regulates immune responses by inducing multiple genes in many types of cells including urinary bladder epithelial cells. Retinoic acid-inducible gene-I (RIG-I) is a member of the DExH-box family, which is involved in various reactions related to RNA metabolism, and is induced in leukemic cells by retinoic acid or in endothelial cells by lipopolysaccharide. We have studied the expression of RIG-I in T24 cells, a cell line derived from human urinary bladder epithelial carcinoma cells. IFN-gamma stimulated T24 cells to express RIG-I mRNA and protein in concentration- and time-dependent manners. Immunohistochemical analysis revealed the expression of RIG-I in the urinary bladder epithelium from a patient with chronic urinary tract infection and in a bladder epithelial carcinoma. We conclude that RIG-I may play some role in inflammatory reactions in the urinary tract epithelium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tadaatsu Imaizumi
- Department of Vascular Biology, Institute of Brain Science, Hirosaki University School of Medicine, Zaifu-cho, Japan.
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